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Zhou Y, Yang T, Wu T, Shi G. Mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma in a patient with familial adenomatous polyposis and melanosis coli. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:5773-5775. [PMID: 37652769 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.08.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yinji Zhou
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tianyi Yang
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tianhao Wu
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guangjun Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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Gao Y, Yang P. The impaired swim bladder via ROS-mediated inhibition of the Wnt / Hedgehog pathway in zebrafish embryos exposed to eight toxic chemicals and binary chemical mixtures. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139593. [PMID: 37478986 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
To comprehensively explore the potential toxicity of aquatic organisms exposed to chlorinated or brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and metals mixtures, it is necessary to find a common pathway to relate local toxic targeted sites or organs. A key challenge in environmental risk assessment (ERA) is how to clarify the same or different sites or organs of toxic action in a species after exposure to individual chemicals or chemical mixtures. In this study, zebrafish embryo was used to evaluate the sub-lethal toxicity (swim bladder damage) of tris(2,3-dibromo propyl) isocyanurate (TBC), chlorinated paraffins (CPs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), Cu, Cd, Pb, Ag, and Zn through optical microscopy methods, and corresponding sub-lethal molecular levels (inflammation-related enzymes [deiodinase (DIO) enzymes] and transcriptional levels of key genes) in fish through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The tested chemicals all caused failed inflation of the swim bladder, as indicated by activity inhibition of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase enzyme. Following embryonic exposure to respective TBC + Cu, HBCD + TBC, and Cd + Pb mixtures, as the concentration of the respective Cu, TBC, and Pb increased, the deformity of the swim bladder increased, as also indicated by activity inhibition of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase enzyme. Additionally, eight chemicals down-regulated Wnt (wnt3, wnt9b, fzd3b, wnt1, fzd5, and fdz1) signaling pathways, which were neurotoxic responses to individual chemical treatments and Hedgehog (ihh, shh, ptc1 and ptc2) signaling pathways. Moreover, excessive ROS induced by eight chemicals effectively induced defects in the swim bladder and Wnt/Hedgehog signaling, which also be proved in respective TBC + Cu, HBCD + TBC, and Cd + Pb mixture treatments. Our results first revealed that eight chemicals caused swim bladder developmental defects via ROS-mediated inhibition of the Wnt and Hedgehog pathways, which revealed the common targeted sites or organs (swim bladders) for further studying the toxic mechanisms underlying the chemical mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfei Gao
- College of Ecology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- College of Grain, Jilin Business and Technology College, Jilin, 130507, PR China
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Wei W, Wang J, Hu Y, Chen S, Liu J. Emodin reverses resistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer by suppressing stemness through regulation of the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:7. [PMID: 36545274 PMCID: PMC9748633 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of emodin (Emo) on gemcitabine (GEM)-resistant pancreatic cancer. GEM-resistant SW1990 cells (SW1990/GZ) were established by successively doubling the concentration of GEM. Cell viability was measured using the CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry was used to measure cell apoptosis. Cell migration was assessed using a Transwell assay. Sphere and colony-formation assays were used to evaluate cell self-renewal. The expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stem cell biomarkers were determined using western blotting. Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 gene (Snail) was overexpressed by transfecting cells with pcDNA3.1-Snail plasmids. A xenograft model was established in nude mice by using SW1990/GZ and Snail-overexpressing SW1990/GZ cells. Proliferation, migration, self-renewal and EMT progression of GEM-treated SW1990/GZ cells were significantly suppressed in vitro by Emo treatment, whereas the overexpression of Snail abolished the aforementioned effects. In in vivo, the antitumor activity of GEM and the inhibitory effect of GEM against EMT progression and stem-like characteristics were enhanced by treatment with Emo, whilst overexpression of Snail reversed these effects. In conclusion, Emo reversed GEM resistance in pancreatic cancer by suppressing stemness and regulating EMT progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitian Wei
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Jiangfeng Wang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Yuqian Hu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Chen
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Jinshi Liu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Jinshi Liu, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
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Hazra M, Joshi H, Williams JB, Watts JEM. Antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria/genes in urban wastewater: A comparison of their fate in conventional treatment systems and constructed wetlands. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135148. [PMID: 35640694 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing concern that the use and misuse of antibiotics can increase the detection of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in wastewater. Conventional wastewater treatment plants provide a pathway for ARGs and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) to be released into natural water bodies. Research has indicated that conventional primary and secondary treatment systems can reduce ARGs/ARB to varying degrees. However, in developing/low-income countries, only 8-28% of wastewater is treated via conventional treatment processes, resulting in the environment being exposed to high levels of ARGs, ARB and pharmaceuticals in raw sewage. The use of constructed wetlands (CWs) has the potential to provide a low-cost solution for wastewater treatment, with respect to removal of nutrients, pathogens, ARB/ARGs either as a standalone treatment process or when integrated with conventional treatment systems. Recently, CWs have also been employed for the reduction of antibiotic residues, pharmaceuticals, and emerging contaminants. Given the benefits of ARG removal, low cost of construction, maintenance, energy requirement, and performance efficiencies, CWs offer a promising solution for developing/low-income countries. This review promotes a better understanding of the performance efficiency of treatment technologies (both conventional systems and CWs) for the reduction of antibiotics and ARGs/ARB from wastewater and explores workable alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moushumi Hazra
- Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Himanshu Joshi
- Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - John B Williams
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Joy E M Watts
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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HEPATOCELLULAR TOXICITY OF THE METABOLITE EMODIN PRODUCED BY THE COMMON BUCKTHORN (RHAMNUS CATHARTICA) IN GREEN FROG (LITHOBATES CLAMITANS) TADPOLES. J Wildl Dis 2022; 58:341-347. [PMID: 35255143 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-21-00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The secondary metabolite emodin, produced by the widely distributed invasive shrub known as the common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica), has been shown to produce deformities and mortality in invertebrates, fish, and amphibian larvae. Here, we describe the effects on the liver of green frog (Lithobates clamitans) tadpoles after 21 d of exposure to high concentrations of emodin in a controlled environment. Histopathologic analysis showed fibrosis, bile duct proliferation, hepatocellular swelling, and accumulations of flocculent material consistent with emodin within the gall bladder and bile ducts of exposed individuals. The extensive fibrosis produced probably impeded the blood flow within the portal triads, limiting the detoxification function of the liver and resulting in hepatocellular necrosis and premature death for the individuals exposed. Exposure to emodin in the environment could represent a significant threat to developing amphibian larvae and contribute to local declines of populations.
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Wang S, Lao W, Li H, You J. Measuring bioconcentration factors of sediment-associated fipronil in Lumbriculus variegatus using passive sampling techniques. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 393:122420. [PMID: 32143163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil and its degradates have been detected ubiquitously in aquatic environment worldwide, yet little is known about its bioaccumulation potential. The goal of the present study was to measure bioconcentration factor (BCF) of sediment-associated fipronil in a benthic invertebrate, Lumbriculus variegatus using passive sampling techniques. Three passive samplers including polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film, poly(dimethylsiloxane) fiber and polyacrylate fiber were evaluated. PMMA film was identified as the preferred method and was applied to determine fipronil log KOC (3.77 ± 0.04). BCF of sediment-associated fipronil in L. variegatus was obtained through measuring freely dissolved concentration (Cfree). Because fipronil degraded in sediment, time weighted average (TWA) Cfree was estimated for calculating BCFTWA (1855 ± 293 mL/g lipid). Fipronil BCF was also measured in a water-only bioaccumulation test of L. variegatus under constant exposure condition. This BCF value (1892 ± 76 mL/g lipid) was comparable with the BCFTWA, validating effectiveness of the passive sampling method for the measurement of sediment Cfree. Fipronil was bioaccumulative in L. variegatus according to the USEPA's criteria. The combination of Cfree and TWA concentration measurements was demonstrated to properly determine BCF value for moderately hydrophobic and degradable chemicals in sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhui Wang
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Oil & Gas Field Applied Chemistry Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Wenjian Lao
- Southern California Coast Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA, 92626, United States.
| | - Huizhen Li
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Jing You
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
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Gao Y, Xie Z, Feng J, Ma W, Zhu L. Different factors determined the toxicokinetics of organic chemicals and nanomaterials exposure to zebrafish (Danio Rerio). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 186:109810. [PMID: 31629190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about how the chemical properties (molecular structure, such as the hydrophobic and hydrophilic end group for organic chemical, and particle size for nanomaterials (NMs)) quantitatively affect the toxicokinetics (TK) in organisms especially in short-term, single-species studies. A novel method based on a first-order one compartment TK model which described the monophasic uptake pattern and two-compartment TK model which adequately described the biphasic metabolism pattern was used to determine the bioconcentration and TK rate constants of organic compounds (n = 17) and nanomaterials (NMs, n = 7) in zebrafish. For both one and two compartment model, the uptake (kin) and elimination (kout) rate constants were fitted using a one- and two-compartment first-order kinetic model, and bioconcentration factors (BCF) and 95% depuration times (t95) for all tested chemicals were calculated, respectively. The results showed that there was significant difference in TK parameters kin, kout, and BCF between organic chemicals and nano metal oxides. For organic compounds, significant correlations were found between the kin and BCF and the octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) and molecular mass. For nano metal oxides, there was a significant negative correlation between the kin or BCF and particle size, but a positive correlation between kin and Zeta potential of nanoparticles and also a significant positive correlation between kout and particle size or specific surface area. Those findings indicated that NMs particle size does matter in biological influx and efflux processes. Our results suggest that the TK process for organic compound and NMs are correlated by different chemical properties and highlight that the Kow, the absorption kin, metabolism k12 and k21, elimination rate kout, and all the parameters that enable the prediction and partitioning of chemicals need to be precisely determined in order to allow an effective TK modeling. It would therefore appear that the TK process of untested chemicals by a fish may be extrapolated from known chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhicheng Xie
- Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Weiqi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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