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Saadh MJ, Ehymayed HM, Alazzawi TS, Fahdil AA, Athab ZH, Yarmukhamedov B, Al-Anbari HHA, Shallal MM, Alsaikhan F, Farhood B. Role of circRNAs in regulating cell death in cancer: a comprehensive review. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01492-6. [PMID: 39243349 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite multiple diagnostic and therapeutic advances, including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, cancer preserved its spot as a global health concern. Prompt cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis depend on the discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are considered as a stable, conserved, abundant, and varied group of RNA molecules that perform multiple roles such as gene regulation. There is evidence that circRNAs interact with RNA-binding proteins, especially capturing miRNAs. An extensive amount of research has presented the substantial contribution of circRNAs in various types of cancer. To fully understand the linkage between circRNAs and cancer growth as a consequence of various cell death processes, including autophagy, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, more research is necessary. The expression of circRNAs could be controlled to limit the occurrence and growth of cancer, providing a more encouraging method of cancer treatment. Consequently, it is critical to understand how circRNAs affect various forms of cancer cell death and evaluate whether circRNAs could be used as targets to induce tumor death and increase the efficacy of chemotherapy. The current study aims to review and comprehend the effects that circular RNAs exert on cell apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis in cancer to investigate potential cancer treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
| | | | - Tuqa S Alazzawi
- College of dentist, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Ali A Fahdil
- Medical technical college, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Zainab H Athab
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Bekhzod Yarmukhamedov
- Department of Surgical Dentistry and Dental Implantology, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Department of Scientific affairs, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | | | | | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
- School of Pharmacy, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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2
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Giaccari C, Antonouli S, Anifandis G, Cecconi S, Di Nisio V. An Update on Physiopathological Roles of Akt in the ReprodAKTive Mammalian Ovary. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:722. [PMID: 38929705 PMCID: PMC11204812 DOI: 10.3390/life14060722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is a key signaling cascade responsible for the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism in the ovarian microenvironment. The optimal finetuning of this pathway is essential for physiological processes concerning oogenesis, folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation, and embryo development. The dysregulation of PI3K/Akt can impair molecular and structural mechanisms that will lead to follicle atresia, or the inability of embryos to reach later stages of development. Due to its pivotal role in the control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and survival mechanisms, the dysregulation of this molecular pathway can trigger the onset of pathological conditions. Among these, we will focus on diseases that can harm female fertility, such as polycystic ovary syndrome and premature ovarian failure, or women's general health, such as ovarian cancer. In this review, we report the functions of the PI3K/Akt pathway in both its physiological and pathological roles, and we address the existing application of inhibitors and activators for the balancing of the molecular cascade in ovarian pathological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Giaccari
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Sevastiani Antonouli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larisa, Greece; (S.A.); (G.A.)
| | - George Anifandis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larisa, Greece; (S.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Sandra Cecconi
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, Università dell’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Nisio
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden
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Liu Y, Lu L, Cheng P, Zhang S, Xu Y, Hu D, Ji G, Xu H. Wogonin Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Proliferation and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transformation by Suppressing Phosphorylation in the AKT Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:1155-1172. [PMID: 38790087 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Hence, there is a need to identify new therapeutic agents to improve the current repertoire of therapeutic drugs. Wogonin, a flavonoid from the herbal medicine Scutellaria baicalensis, has unique antitumor activity. Our study aimed to further explore the inhibitory effects of wogonin on colorectal cancer and its specific mechanism. The results showed that wogonin significantly inhibited the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells as well as their ability to invade and metastasize. We detected phosphorylation of tumor-associated signaling pathways using a phosphorylated protein microarray and found that wogonin intervention significantly inhibited the phosphorylation level of the AKT protein in colorectal cancer cells. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, it was confirmed that wogonin exerted its antitumor effects against colorectal cancer by inhibiting phosphorylation in the AKT pathway. Our discovery of wogonin as an inhibitor of AKT phosphorylation provides new opportunities for the pharmacological treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Peiqiu Cheng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Shengan Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yangxian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Dan Hu
- Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, P. R. China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Hanchen Xu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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Nunes M, Bartosch C, Abreu MH, Richardson A, Almeida R, Ricardo S. Deciphering the Molecular Mechanisms behind Drug Resistance in Ovarian Cancer to Unlock Efficient Treatment Options. Cells 2024; 13:786. [PMID: 38727322 PMCID: PMC11083313 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a highly lethal form of gynecological cancer. This disease often goes undetected until advanced stages, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. Unfortunately, many patients experience relapse and succumb to the disease due to the emergence of drug resistance that significantly limits the effectiveness of currently available oncological treatments. Here, we discuss the molecular mechanisms responsible for resistance to carboplatin, paclitaxel, polyadenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase inhibitors, and bevacizumab in ovarian cancer. We present a detailed analysis of the most extensively investigated resistance mechanisms, including drug inactivation, drug target alterations, enhanced drug efflux pumps, increased DNA damage repair capacity, and reduced drug absorption/accumulation. The in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with drug resistance is crucial to unveil new biomarkers capable of predicting and monitoring the kinetics during disease progression and discovering new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Nunes
- Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.N.); (R.A.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Bartosch
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (PCCC), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.B.); (M.H.A.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPO-Porto), Health Research Network (RISE@CI-IPO-Porto), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Henriques Abreu
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (PCCC), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.B.); (M.H.A.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alan Richardson
- The School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, Staffordshire, UK;
| | - Raquel Almeida
- Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.N.); (R.A.)
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto (FCUP), 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences—CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Sara Ricardo
- Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.N.); (R.A.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences—CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Toxicologic Pathology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
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Pawar NR, Buzza MS, Duru N, Strong AA, Antalis TM. Matriptase drives dissemination of ovarian cancer spheroids by a PAR-2/PI3K/Akt/MMP9 signaling axis. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202209114. [PMID: 37737895 PMCID: PMC10515437 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202209114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane serine protease matriptase is a key regulator of both barrier-disruptive and protective epithelial cell-cell interactions. Elevated matriptase is a consistent feature of epithelial ovarian cancers (OvCa), where multicellular spheroids shed from the primary tumor into the peritoneal cavity are critical drivers of metastasis. Dynamic cell-to-cell adhesive contacts are required for spheroid formation and maintenance. Here, we show that overactive matriptase, reflected in an increased ratio of matriptase to its inhibitor hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor 1 (HAI-1), disrupts cell-cell contacts to produce loose prometastatic spheroids that display increased mesothelial cell adhesion and submesothelial invasion. We show that these activities are dependent on the matriptase activation of a protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) signaling pathway involving PI3K/Akt and MMP9-induced disruption of cell-cell adhesion by the release of the soluble E-cadherin ectodomain. These data reveal a novel pathological connection between matriptase activation of PAR-2 and disruption of cell-cell adhesion, and support the clinical investigation of this signaling axis as a therapeutic strategy for aggressive metastatic OvCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha R. Pawar
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marguerite S. Buzza
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Research and Development Service, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nadire Duru
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amando A. Strong
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Toni M. Antalis
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Research and Development Service, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA
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6
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Zhang J, Feng J, Li Y, Wang J, Mo P, Luo C. Anticancer and Biological Effects of Some Natural Compounds and Theoretical Investigation of them Against RdRP of SARS-COV-2: In Silico and In Vitro Studies. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1764-1776. [PMID: 36780057 PMCID: PMC9923641 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00678-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Skullcapflavone I and Skullcapflavone II molecules showed good inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and sorbitol dehydrogenase enzymes with IC50 values of 102.66 ± 8.43 and 95.04 ± 11.52 nM for α-glucosidase and 38.42 ± 3.82 and 28.81 ± 3.26 µM for sorbitol dehydrogenase. The chemical activities of Skullcapflavone I and Skullcapflavone II against α-glucosidase and sorbitol dehydrogenase were assessed by conducting the molecular docking study. The anticancer activities of the compounds were examined against SW-626, SK-OV-3, OVCAR3, and Caov-3 cell lines. The chemical activities of Skullcapflavone I and Skullcapflavone II against some of the expressed surface receptor proteins (estrogen receptor, EGFR, androgen receptor, and GnRH receptor) in the mentioned cell lines were investigated using in silico calculations. Moreover, the activity of the compounds against RNA polymerase of SARS-COVE-2 was also assessed using the molecular modeling study. These compounds created strong contacts with the enzymes and receptors. The considerable binding affinity of the compounds to the enzymes and proteins showed their ability as inhibitors. Furthermore, even at modest dosages, these substances markedly reduced the viability of ovarian cancer cells. Additionally, the viability of ovarian cancer cells was significantly decreased by a 300 μM dosage of all compounds. Antiovarian cancer results of Skullcapflavone I on SK-OV-3, SW-626, OVCAR3, and Caov-3 were 63.14, 1.55, 19.42, and 52.04 µM, respectively. Also, cytotoxicity results of Skullcapflavone II on SK-OV-3, SW-626, OVCAR3, and Caov-3 were 5.18, 21.44, 33.87, and 72.66 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Feng
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jiguo Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Panyan Mo
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Changguo Luo
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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Alzahrani B, Elderdery AY, Alzerwi NAN, Alsrhani A, Alsultan A, Rayzah M, Idrees B, Rayzah F, Baksh Y, Alzahrani AM, Subbiah SK, Mok PL. Pluronic-F-127-Passivated SnO 2 Nanoparticles Derived by Using Polygonum cuspidatum Root Extract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Anticancer Properties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091760. [PMID: 37176818 PMCID: PMC10181209 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as the most popular research topic with revolutionary applications across all scientific disciplines. Tin oxide (SnO2) has been gaining considerable attention lately owing to its intriguing features, which can be enhanced by its synthesis in the nanoscale range. The establishment of a cost-efficient and ecologically friendly procedure for its production is the result of growing concerns about human well-being. The novelty and significance of this study lie in the fact that the synthesized SnO2 nanoparticles have been tailored to have specific properties, such as size and morphology. These properties are crucial for their applications. Moreover, this study provides insights into the synthesis process of SnO2 nanoparticles, which can be useful for developing efficient and cost-effective methods for large-scale production. In the current study, green Pluronic-coated SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) utilizing the root extracts of Polygonum cuspidatum have been formulated and characterized by several methods such as UV-visible, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX), transmission electron microscope (TEM), field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies. The crystallite size of SnO2 NPs was estimated to be 45 nm, and a tetragonal rutile-type crystalline structure was observed. FESEM analysis validated the NPs' spherical structure. The cytotoxic potential of the NPs against HepG2 cells was assessed using the in vitro MTT assay. The apoptotic efficiency of the NPs was evaluated using a dual-staining approach. The NPs revealed substantial cytotoxic effects against HepG2 cells but failed to exhibit cytotoxicity in different liver cell lines. Furthermore, dual staining and flow cytometry studies revealed higher apoptosis in NP-treated HepG2 cells. Nanoparticle treatment also inhibited the cell cycle at G0/G1 stage. It increased oxidative stress and promoted apoptosis by encouraging pro-apoptotic protein expression in HepG2 cells. NP treatment effectively blocked the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis in HepG2 cells. Thus, green Pluronic-F-127-coated SnO2 NPs exhibits enormous efficiency to be utilized as an talented anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badr Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abozer Y Elderdery
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser A N Alzerwi
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, P.O. Box 66, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alsrhani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Alsultan
- Department of Surgery, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaed Rayzah
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, P.O. Box 66, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Idrees
- Department of Surgery, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, P.O. Box 7897, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fares Rayzah
- Aseer Central Hospital, Abha 62523, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaser Baksh
- Iman General Hospital, Riyadh 12684, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Alzahrani
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, P.O. Box 66, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suresh K Subbiah
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600073, India
| | - Pooi Ling Mok
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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8
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Wang L, Han X, Li H, Lv C, Wang M. The ethyl acetate extract of Wenxia Changfu Formula inhibits the carcinogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma by regulating PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4715. [PMID: 36949111 PMCID: PMC10033682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31924-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer. With a rise in new cases worldwide each year, early diagnosis and treatment are very important. Network pharmacology provides the effective way to evaluate poly-pharmacological effects and anticancer molecular mechanisms of drugs. The aim of the present study was to explore the anti-tumor mechanism of ethyl acetate extract of Wenxia Changfu Formula (WFEA) in lung adenocarcinoma by using analytical chemistry, network pharmacology and molecular biology. A total of 193 compounds were identified from WFEA, mainly including esters, phenols, ketones and alkaloids. Totally, 374 targets were regarded as potential targets of WFEA against lung adenocarcinoma. Interestingly, PI3K-AKT was found to be one of the significantly enriched signaling pathways of targets of WFEA against lung adenocarcinoma. AKT1, MMP3, CASP3 and BCL2 had strong binding effect with compound molecules of WFEA. Some combinations with the best docking binding were identified, including quercetin/oleanolic_acid/emodin/aloe_emodin/catechin-AKT1 and quercetin-MMP3. In lung adenocarcinoma cells, the WFEA inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted the apoptosis. Moreover, the WFEA inhibited the mRNA expression of MMP3 and Bcl-2 and promoted the mRNA expression of Caspase3. In addition, WFEA inhibited the protein phosphorylation of AKT and PI3K. The WFEA had a significant inhibitory effect on lung adenocarcinoma cells, which could inhibit cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and induce cell apoptosis. The mechanism of action of WFEA may be involved in the regulation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in the lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6 Jiankang Road, Rencheng District, Jining City, 272113, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiangyu Han
- Emergency Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6 Jiankang Road, Rencheng District, Jining City, 272113, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chuanfeng Lv
- Pharmacy Department, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6 Jiankang Road, Rencheng District, Jining City, 272113, Shandong Province, China.
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Qin K, Zhang F, Wang H, Wang N, Qiu H, Jia X, Gong S, Zhang Z. circRNA circSnx12 confers Cisplatin chemoresistance to ovarian cancer by inhibiting ferroptosis through a miR-194-5p/SLC7A11 axis. BMB Rep 2023; 56:184-189. [PMID: 36617466 PMCID: PMC10068343 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most common gynecological malignancy worldwide, and chemoresistance occurs in most patients, resulting in treatment failure. A better understanding of the molecular processes underlying drug resistance is crucial for development of efficient therapies to improve OC patient outcomes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) and ferroptosis play crucial roles in tumorigenesis and resistance to chemotherapy. However, little is known about the role(s) of circRNAs in regulating ferroptosis in OC. To gain insights into cisplatin resistance in OC, we studied the ferroptosis-associated circRNA circSnx12. We evaluated circSnx12 expression in OC cell lines and tissues that were susceptible or resistant to cisplatin using quantitative real-time PCR. We also conducted in vitro and in vivo assays examining the function and mechanism of lnc-LBCSs. Knockdown of circSnx12 rendered cisplatin-resistant OC cells more sensitive to cisplatin in vitro and in vivo by activating ferroptosis, which was at least partially abolished by downregulation of miR-194-5p. Molecular mechanics studies indicate that circSnx12 can be a molecular sponge of miR-194-5p, which targets SLC7A11. According to our findings, circSnx12 ameliorates cisplatin resistance by blocking ferroptosis via a miR-194-5p/SLC7A11 pathway. CircARNT2 may thus serve as an effective therapeutic target for overcoming cisplatin resistance in OC. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(3): 184-189].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyun Qin
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050057, China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- Department of Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050057, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Hongbing Qiu
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei Xingtai People’s Hospital, Hebei Shijiazhuang 054001, China
| | - Xinzhuan Jia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Shan Gong
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Zhengmao Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050011, China
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10
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Qin K, Zhang F, Wang H, Wang N, Qiu H, Jia X, Gong S, Zhang Z. circRNA circSnx12 confers Cisplatin chemoresistance to ovarian cancer by inhibiting ferroptosis through a miR-194-5p/SLC7A11 axis. BMB Rep 2023; 56:184-189. [PMID: 36617466 PMCID: PMC10068343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most common gynecological malignancy worldwide, and chemoresistance occurs in most patients, resulting in treatment failure. A better understanding of the molecular processes underlying drug resistance is crucial for development of efficient therapies to improve OC patient outcomes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) and ferroptosis play crucial roles in tumorigenesis and resistance to chemotherapy. However, little is known about the role(s) of circRNAs in regulating ferroptosis in OC. To gain insights into cisplatin resistance in OC, we studied the ferroptosis-associated circRNA circSnx12. We evaluated circSnx12 expression in OC cell lines and tissues that were susceptible or resistant to cisplatin using quantitative real-time PCR. We also conducted in vitro and in vivo assays examining the function and mechanism of lnc-LBCSs. Knockdown of circSnx12 rendered cisplatin-resistant OC cells more sensitive to cisplatin in vitro and in vivo by activating ferroptosis, which was at least partially abolished by downregulation of miR-194-5p. Molecular mechanics studies indicate that circSnx12 can be a molecular sponge of miR-194-5p, which targets SLC7A11. According to our findings, circSnx12 ameliorates cisplatin resistance by blocking ferroptosis via a miR-194-5p/SLC7A11 pathway. CircARNT2 may thus serve as an effective therapeutic target for overcoming cisplatin resistance in OC. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(3): 184-189].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyun Qin
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050057, China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- Department of Breast & Thyroid Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050057, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Hongbing Qiu
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei Xingtai People’s Hospital, Hebei Shijiazhuang 054001, China
| | - Xinzhuan Jia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Shan Gong
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Zhengmao Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050011, China
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11
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Varga A, Márton É, Markovics A, Penyige A, Balogh I, Nagy B, Szilágyi M. Suppressing the PI3K/AKT Pathway by miR-30d-5p Mimic Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer Cells to Cell Death Induced by High-Dose Estrogen. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092060. [PMID: 36140161 PMCID: PMC9495868 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules that are involved in tumor development and are considered to be promising candidates in cancer therapy. Here, we studied the role of miR-30s in the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer. According to our results miR-30a-5p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-30e-5p were overexpressed in the estrogen receptor α (ERα)-expressing PEO1 cell line compared to A2780 that lacks this receptor. Furthermore, the expression of miR-30a-5p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-30e-5p were induced in response to high-dose estrogen treatment in PEO1 where intensive cell death was observed according to the induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Lacking or blocking ERα function reduced tolerance to high-dose estrogen that suggests the importance of ERα-mediated estrogen response in the maintenance of proliferation. MiR-30d-5p mimic reduced cell proliferation in both A2780 and PEO1. Furthermore, it decreased the tolerance of PEO1 cells to high-dose estrogen by blocking the ERα-mediated estrogen response. This was accompanied by decreased SOX4 expression that is thought to be involved in the regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Blocking this pathway by AZD8835 led to the same results. MiR-30d-5p or AZD8835 sensitized PEO1 cells to tamoxifen. We suggest that miR-30d-5p might be a promising candidate in the therapy of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Varga
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Márton
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Arnold Markovics
- Institute of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Penyige
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Balogh
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bálint Nagy
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Melinda Szilágyi
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52-416-531
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12
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Wu YH, Chou CY. Collagen XI Alpha 1 Chain, a Novel Therapeutic Target for Cancer Treatment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:925165. [PMID: 35847935 PMCID: PMC9277861 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.925165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the progression of cancer. Collagen is the most abundant component in ECM, and is involved in the biological formation of cancer. Although type XI collagen is a minor fibrillar collagen, collagen XI alpha 1 chain (COL11A1) expression has been found to be upregulated in a variety of human cancers including colorectal, esophagus, glioma, gastric, head and neck, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, salivary gland, and renal cancers. High levels of COL11A1 usually predict poor prognosis, owing to its association with angiogenesis, invasion, and drug resistance in cancer. However, little is known about the specific mechanism through which COL11A1 regulates tumor progression. Here, we have organized and summarized recent developments regarding the interactions between COL11A1 and intracellular signaling pathways and selected therapeutic agents targeting COL11A1, as these indicate its potential as a target for treatment of cancers, especially epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hui Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yang Chou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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13
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Zhu EY, Dupuy AJ. Machine learning approach informs biology of cancer drug response. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:184. [PMID: 35581546 PMCID: PMC9112473 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04720-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanism of action for most cancer drugs is not clear. Large-scale pharmacogenomic cancer cell line datasets offer a rich resource to obtain this knowledge. Here, we present an analysis strategy for revealing biological pathways that contribute to drug response using publicly available pharmacogenomic cancer cell line datasets. Methods We present a custom machine-learning based approach for identifying biological pathways involved in cancer drug response. We test the utility of our approach with a pan-cancer analysis of ML210, an inhibitor of GPX4, and a melanoma-focused analysis of inhibitors of BRAFV600. We apply our approach to reveal determinants of drug resistance to microtubule inhibitors. Results Our method implicated lipid metabolism and Rac1/cytoskeleton signaling in the context of ML210 and BRAF inhibitor response, respectively. These findings are consistent with current knowledge of how these drugs work. For microtubule inhibitors, our approach implicated Notch and Akt signaling as pathways that associated with response. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the utility of combining informed feature selection and machine learning algorithms in understanding cancer drug response. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12859-022-04720-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliot Y Zhu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Cancer Biology Graduate Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,The Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Adam J Dupuy
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. .,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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14
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Ma Z, Zhang J, Wang L, Liu Y, Wang Y, Liu W, Xing G, Cheng K, Zheng W, Xiang L. Expression and purification of recombinant human CCL5 and its biological characterization. Protein J 2022; 41:337-344. [PMID: 35524873 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-022-10047-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) is crucial in the tumor microenvironment. It has been previously reported to act as a key role in tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the function of exogenous CCL5 in ovarian cancer has not been well-characterized. The present study attempted to express and purify recombinant CCL5 protein and investigate the exogenous CCL5 in ovarian cancer cell proliferation. The human CCL5 was amplified and inserted into the pET-30a vectors for prokaryotic expression in Escherichia coli BL21. Soluble His-CCL5 was successfully expressed with 0.1 mmol/L of isopropyl-β-D-1-tiogalactopiranoside at 25 ℃ and purified by affinity chromatography. Additionally, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay demonstrated that CCL5 promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation; increases the phosphorylation levels of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase, and increases the mRNA levels of Jun, NF-κB2, Nras, Relb, and Traf2. Furthermore, treatment with the MEK inhibitor reduced the Jun, NF-κB2, and Traf2 mRNA levels, indicating that exogenous CCL5 increased ovarian cancer cell proliferation, through MEK/ERK pathway activation, and Jun, NF-κB2, and Traf2 expression. The present study provided primary data for further studies to discover more CCL5 functions in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenling Ma
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, 450000, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiying Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guozhen Xing
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kun Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenming Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital/People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, 450000, Zhengzhou, China.
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15
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Gupta R. Epigenetic regulation and targeting of ECM for cancer therapy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C762-C768. [PMID: 35235427 PMCID: PMC8993518 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00022.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) composed of different types of cells embedded in extracellular matrix (ECM) has crucial effects on cancer growth and metastasis. ECM is made of a variety of proteins that provide structural support to the cells and regulate biological functions by modulating the crosstalk among cells, thus effecting tumor growth and progression. In this mini-review, we discuss epigenetic modifications that regulate the expression of fibrous ECM proteins and glycoproteins and the prospects of targeting them for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romi Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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16
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Choi Y, Ji SH, Patil V, Kim EH, Park H, Kim SH, Kim P. Discovery of harmalanium halides as
anti‐ovarian
cancer agents. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunha Choi
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon South Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology University of Science & Technology Daejeon South Korea
| | - Sang Hee Ji
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon South Korea
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development Chungnam National University Daejeon South Korea
| | - Vineet Patil
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon South Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology University of Science & Technology Daejeon South Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon South Korea
| | - Hoyeong Park
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon South Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology University of Science & Technology Daejeon South Korea
| | - Seong Hwan Kim
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon South Korea
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development Chungnam National University Daejeon South Korea
| | - Pilho Kim
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon South Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology University of Science & Technology Daejeon South Korea
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17
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Wang Y, Chen P, Chen X, Gong D, Wu Y, Huang L, Chen Y. ROS-Induced DCTPP1 Upregulation Contributes to Cisplatin Resistance in Ovarian Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:838006. [PMID: 35223993 PMCID: PMC8865183 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.838006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin resistance hinders the improvement of the prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer. Cisplatin induces cancer cell apoptosis by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). dCTP pyrophosphatase 1 (DCTPP1) is a newly discovered dNTP pyrophosphatase. This study aimed to identify the role of DCTPP1 in oxidative stress and cisplatin response of ovarian cancer. Our results indicates cisplatin-induced ROS generation was responsible for the upregulation of DCTPP1 in ovarian cancer cells, whereas DCTPP1 knockdown significantly enhanced the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin, reflect in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, double-strand DNA breaks, and cell apoptosis. The expression of redox-related genes and the activation of the PI3/Akt signaling pathway were also inhibited by DCTPP1 knockdown. Our data proposes that the development of therapeutic approaches targeting DCTPP1 may be useful in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peishi Chen
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daoyuan Gong
- Guangzhou Customs District technology center, Foshan, China
| | - Yingsong Wu
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liping Huang, ; Yao Chen,
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liping Huang, ; Yao Chen,
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18
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Liu H, Zhang Z, Chen L, Pang J, Wu H, Liang Z. Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals a Very Low Prevalence of Deleterious Mutations of Homologous Recombination Repair Genes and Homologous Recombination Deficiency in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:798173. [PMID: 35096598 PMCID: PMC8791260 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.798173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is aggressive and drug-resistant. The prevalence of homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene mutations and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) remains largely unknown. It is also not clear whether the commonly used molecular-based classification for endometrial carcinoma (EC) is potentially applicable in OCCC. In this study, surgically resected samples were collected from 44 patients with OCCC. Genomic alterations were determined using next-generation sequencing. HRD was estimated by genomic instability. Of 44 patients with OCCC, two (4.5%) harbored likely pathogenic mutations in HRR genes. Notably, no pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations were found in BRCA1/2. A total of 24 variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in HRR-related genes occurred in 18 (40.9%) patients. HRD was observed in only one case (2.3%). In addition, TP53 mutation and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) were identified in three patients (6.8%) and in one patient (2.3%), respectively. TP53 mutation was significantly associated with disease-free survival and overall survival. No POLE mutations were found. In conclusion, our results revealed a very low prevalence of HRR gene mutations and HRD in OCCC. Moreover, TP53 mutations and MSI-H are uncommon, while POLE mutations are extremely rare in OCCC. Our findings indicate that the evaluation of HRR gene mutations, HRD status, POLE mutations, and MSI-H may have limited clinical significance for OCCC treatment and prognostic stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangqi Liu
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Longyun Chen
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junyi Pang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huanwen Wu
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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19
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De Silva D, Ferguson L, Chin GH, Smith BE, Apathy RA, Roth TL, Blaeschke F, Kudla M, Marson A, Ingolia NT, Cate JHD. Robust T cell activation requires an eIF3-driven burst in T cell receptor translation. eLife 2021; 10:e74272. [PMID: 34970966 PMCID: PMC8758144 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of T cells requires a rapid surge in cellular protein synthesis. However, the role of translation initiation in the early induction of specific genes remains unclear. Here, we show human translation initiation factor eIF3 interacts with select immune system related mRNAs including those encoding the T cell receptor (TCR) subunits TCRA and TCRB. Binding of eIF3 to the TCRA and TCRB mRNA 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) depends on CD28 coreceptor signaling and regulates a burst in TCR translation required for robust T cell activation. Use of the TCRA or TCRB 3'-UTRs to control expression of an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) improves the ability of CAR-T cells to kill tumor cells in vitro. These results identify a new mechanism of eIF3-mediated translation control that can aid T cell engineering for immunotherapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasmanthie De Silva
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- The J. David Gladstone InstitutesSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Lucas Ferguson
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Grant H Chin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Benjamin E Smith
- School of Optometry, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Ryan A Apathy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Theodore L Roth
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | | | - Marek Kudla
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Alexander Marson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic ImmunologySan FranciscoUnited States
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Parker Institute for Cancer ImmunotherapySan FranciscoUnited States
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Nicholas T Ingolia
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Jamie HD Cate
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- The J. David Gladstone InstitutesSan FranciscoUnited States
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyUnited States
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20
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miR-335 Restrains the Aggressive Phenotypes of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Inhibiting COL11A1. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246257. [PMID: 34944877 PMCID: PMC8699536 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
High collagen type XI alpha 1 (COL11A1) levels are associated with tumor progression, chemoresistance, and poor patient survival in several cancer types. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in multiple cancers, including epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC); however, the regulation of COL11A1 by miRNAs in EOC remains unclear. We examined the role of miRNAs in regulating COL11A1 expression. We identified miR-509 and miR-335 as the candidate miRNAs through an online database search. EOC cell treatment with miR-335 mimics abrogated COL11A1 expression and suppressed cell proliferation and invasion, besides increasing the sensitivity of EOC cells to cisplatin. Conversely, treatment with miR-335 inhibitors prompted cell growth/invasiveness and chemoresistance of EOC cells. miR-335 inhibited COL11A1 transcription, thus reducing the invasiveness and chemoresistance of EOC cells via the Ets-1/MMP3 and Akt/c/EBPβ/PDK1 axes, respectively. Furthermore, it did not directly regulate PDK1 but increased PDK1 ubiquitination and degradation through COL11A1 inhibition. In vivo findings highlighted significantly decreased miR-335 mRNA expressions in EOC samples. Furthermore, patients with low miR335 levels were susceptible to advanced-stage cancer, poor response to chemotherapy, and early relapse. This study highlighted the importance of miR-335 in downregulating COL11A1-mediated ovarian tumor progression, chemoresistance, and poor survival and suggested its potential application as a therapeutic target.
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21
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Oliveira DVNP, Schnack TH, Poulsen TS, Christiansen AP, Høgdall CK, Høgdall EV. Genomic Sub-Classification of Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma Revealed by Distinct Mutational Signatures. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5242. [PMID: 34680390 PMCID: PMC8533704 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is characterized by dismal prognosis, partially due to its low sensitivity to standard chemotherapy regimen. It is also well-known for presenting unique molecular features in comparison to other epithelial ovarian cancer subtypes. Here, we aim to identify potential subgroups of patients in order to (1) determine their molecular features and (2) characterize their mutational signature. Furthermore, we sought to perform the investigation based on a potentially clinically relevant setting. To that end, we assessed the mutational profile and genomic instability of 55 patients extracted from the Gynecologic Cancer Database (DGCD) by using a panel comprised of 409 cancer-associated genes and a microsatellite assay, respectively; both are currently used in our routine environment. In accordance with previous findings, ARID1A and PIK3CA were the most prevalent mutations, present in 49.1% and 41.8%, respectively. From those, the co-occurrence of ARID1A and PIK3CA mutations was observed in 36.1% of subjects, indicating that this association might be a common feature of OCCC. The microsatellite instability frequency was low across samples. An unbiased assessment of signatures identified the presence of three subgroups, where "PIK3CA" and "Double hit" (with ARID1A and PIK3CA double mutation) subgroups exhibited unique signatures, whilst "ARID1A" and "Undetermined" (no mutations on ARID1A nor PIK3CA) subgroups showed similar profiles. Those differences were further indicated by COSMIC signatures. Taken together, the current findings suggest that OCCC presents distinct mutational landscapes within its group, which may indicate different therapeutic approaches according to its subgroup. Although encouraging, it is noteworthy that the current results are limited by sample size, and further investigation on a larger group would be crucial to better elucidate them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas V. N. P. Oliveira
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark; (D.V.N.P.O.); (T.S.P.)
| | - Tine H. Schnack
- Department of Gynecology, Juliane Marie Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (T.H.S.); (C.K.H.)
- Department of Gynecology, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Tim S. Poulsen
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark; (D.V.N.P.O.); (T.S.P.)
| | - Anne P. Christiansen
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Claus K. Høgdall
- Department of Gynecology, Juliane Marie Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (T.H.S.); (C.K.H.)
| | - Estrid V. Høgdall
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark; (D.V.N.P.O.); (T.S.P.)
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Marchetti C, De Felice F, Romito A, Iacobelli V, Sassu CM, Corrado G, Ricci C, Scambia G, Fagotti A. Chemotherapy resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer: Mechanisms and emerging treatments. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 77:144-166. [PMID: 34464704 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains a fatal malignancy because most patients experience recurrent disease, which is resistant to chemotherapy. The outcomes for patients with platinum-resistant OC are poor, response rates to further chemotherapy are low and median survival is lower than 12 months. The complexity of platinum-resistant OC, which comprises a heterogeneous spectrum of diseases, is indeed far from being completely understood. Therefore, comprehending tumors' biological behaviour to identify reliable biomarkers, which may predict responses to therapies, is a demanding challenge to improve OC management. In the age of precision medicine, efforts to overcome platinum resistance in OC represent a dynamic and vast field in which innovative drugs and clinical trials rapidly develop. This review will present the exceptional biochemical environment implicated in OC and highlights mechanisms of chemoresistance. Furthermore, innovative molecules and new therapeutic opportunities are presented, along with currently available therapies and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Marchetti
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
| | - Francesca De Felice
- Division of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Roma, Italy; Università La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessia Romito
- Gynecology and Breast Care Center, Mater Olbia Hospital, Olbia, Italy
| | - Valentina Iacobelli
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department Woman and Child Health Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Maria Sassu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Polyclinic Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Corrado
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Caterina Ricci
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department Woman and Child Health Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Fagotti
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department Woman and Child Health Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Liu Z, Lai J, Jiang H, Ma C, Huang H. Collagen XI alpha 1 chain, a potential therapeutic target for cancer. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21603. [PMID: 33999448 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100054rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the progression of cancer. Collagen is the most abundant component in ECM, and it is involved in the biological formation of cancer. Although type XI collagen is a minor fibrillar collagen, collagen XI alpha 1 chain (COL11A1) has been found to be upregulated in a variety of cancers including ovarian cancer, breast cancer, thyroid cancer, pancreatic cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. High levels of COL11A1 usually predict poor prognosis, while COL11A1 is related to angiogenesis, invasion, and drug resistance of cancer. However, little is known about the specific mechanism by which COL11A1 regulates tumor progression. Here, we have organized and summarized the recent developments regarding elucidation of the relationship between COL11A1 and various cancers, as well as the interaction between COL11A1 and intracellular signaling pathways. In addition, we have selected therapeutic agents targeting COL11A1. All these indicate the possibility of using COL11A1 as a target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiacheng Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Heng Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chengyuan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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24
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Gao C, Jin G, Forbes E, Mangala LS, Wang Y, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Amero P, Bayraktar E, Yan Y, Lopez-Berestein G, Broaddus RR, Sood AK, Xue F, Zhang W. Inactivating Mutations of the IK Gene Weaken Ku80/Ku70-Mediated DNA Repair and Sensitize Endometrial Cancer to Chemotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2487. [PMID: 34065218 PMCID: PMC8160817 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IK is a mitotic factor that promotes cell cycle progression. Our previous investigation of 271 endometrial cancer (EC) samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset showed IK somatic mutations were enriched in a cluster of patients with high-grade and high-stage cancers, and this group had longer survival. This study provides insight into how IK somatic mutations contribute to EC pathophysiology. We analyzed the somatic mutational landscape of IK gene in 547 EC patients using expanded TCGA dataset. Co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry were used to identify protein interactions. In vitro and in vivo experiments were used to evaluate IK's role in EC. The patients with IK-inactivating mutations had longer survival during 10-year follow-up. Frameshift and stop-gain were common mutations and were associated with decreased IK expression. IK knockdown led to enrichment of G2/M phase cells, inactivation of DNA repair signaling mediated by heterodimerization of Ku80 and Ku70, and sensitization of EC cells to cisplatin treatment. IK/Ku80 mutations were accompanied by higher mutation rates and associated with significantly better overall survival. Inactivating mutations of IK gene and loss of IK protein expression were associated with weakened Ku80/Ku70-mediated DNA repair, increased mutation burden, and better response to chemotherapy in patients with EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (C.G.); (G.J.); (E.F.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Y.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Guangxu Jin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (C.G.); (G.J.); (E.F.)
| | - Elizabeth Forbes
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (C.G.); (G.J.); (E.F.)
| | - Lingegowda S. Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.S.M.); (E.B.); (A.K.S.)
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-A.); (G.L.-B.)
| | - Yingmei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Y.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-A.); (G.L.-B.)
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Paola Amero
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Emine Bayraktar
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.S.M.); (E.B.); (A.K.S.)
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-A.); (G.L.-B.)
| | - Ye Yan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Y.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-A.); (G.L.-B.)
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Russell R. Broaddus
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.S.M.); (E.B.); (A.K.S.)
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.R.-A.); (G.L.-B.)
| | - Fengxia Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Y.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (C.G.); (G.J.); (E.F.)
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Zając A, Sumorek-Wiadro J, Langner E, Wertel I, Maciejczyk A, Pawlikowska-Pawlęga B, Pawelec J, Wasiak M, Hułas-Stasiak M, Bądziul D, Rzeski W, Reichert M, Jakubowicz-Gil J. Involvement of PI3K Pathway in Glioma Cell Resistance to Temozolomide Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105155. [PMID: 34068110 PMCID: PMC8152763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the anticancer potential of LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) and temozolomide using glioblastoma multiforme (T98G) and anaplastic astrocytoma (MOGGCCM) cells. Apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, and granules in the cytoplasm were identified microscopically (fluorescence and electron microscopes). The mitochondrial membrane potential was studied by flow cytometry. The activity of caspases 3, 8, and 9 and Akt was evaluated fluorometrically, while the expression of Beclin 1, PI3K, Akt, mTOR, caspase 12, and Hsp27 was determined by immunoblotting. SiRNA was used to block Hsp27 and PI3K expression. Cell migration and localization of Hsp27 were tested with the wound healing assay and immunocytochemistry, respectively. LY294002 effectively diminished the migratory potential and increased programmed death of T98G and MOGGCCM. Autophagy was dominant in MOGGCCM, while apoptosis was dominant in T98G. LY294002 with temozolomide did not potentiate cell death but redirected autophagy toward apoptosis, which was correlated with ER stress. A similar effect was observed after blocking PI3K expression with siRNA. Transfection with Hsp27 siRNA significantly increased apoptosis related to ER stress. Our results indicate that inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway sensitizes glioma cells to apoptosis upon temozolomide treatment, which was correlated with ER stress. Hsp27 increases the resistance of glioma cells to cell death upon temozolomide treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Zając
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.Z.); (J.S.-W.); (A.M.); (B.P.-P.); (M.H.-S.); (W.R.)
| | - Joanna Sumorek-Wiadro
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.Z.); (J.S.-W.); (A.M.); (B.P.-P.); (M.H.-S.); (W.R.)
| | - Ewa Langner
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Iwona Wertel
- Independent Laboratory of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, 1st Chair and Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Maciejczyk
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.Z.); (J.S.-W.); (A.M.); (B.P.-P.); (M.H.-S.); (W.R.)
| | - Bożena Pawlikowska-Pawlęga
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.Z.); (J.S.-W.); (A.M.); (B.P.-P.); (M.H.-S.); (W.R.)
| | - Jarosław Pawelec
- Institute Microscopy Laboratory, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Wasiak
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow Avenue, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland; (M.W.); (M.R.)
| | - Monika Hułas-Stasiak
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.Z.); (J.S.-W.); (A.M.); (B.P.-P.); (M.H.-S.); (W.R.)
| | - Dorota Bądziul
- Department of Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rejtana 16 C, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Rzeski
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.Z.); (J.S.-W.); (A.M.); (B.P.-P.); (M.H.-S.); (W.R.)
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Michał Reichert
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow Avenue, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland; (M.W.); (M.R.)
| | - Joanna Jakubowicz-Gil
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (A.Z.); (J.S.-W.); (A.M.); (B.P.-P.); (M.H.-S.); (W.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Thomas A, Reetz S, Stenzel P, Tagscherer K, Roth W, Schindeldecker M, Michaelis M, Rothweiler F, Cinatl J, Cinatl J, Dotzauer R, Vakhrusheva O, Albersen M, Macher-Goeppinger S, Haferkamp A, Juengel E, Neisius A, Tsaur I. Assessment of PI3K/mTOR/AKT Pathway Elements to Serve as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Penile Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2323. [PMID: 34066040 PMCID: PMC8151654 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/mTOR/AKT pathway might represent an intriguing option for treatment of penile cancer (PeCa). We aimed to assess whether members of this pathway might serve as biomarkers and targets for systemic therapy. Tissue of primary cancer from treatment-naïve PeCa patients was used for tissue microarray analysis. Immunohistochemical staining was performed with antibodies against AKT, pAKT, mTOR, pmTOR, pS6, pPRAS, p4EBP1, S6K1 and pp70S6K. Protein expression was correlated with clinicopathological characteristics as well as overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), recurrence-free survival (RFS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS). AKT inhibition was tested in two primarily established, treatment-naïve PeCa cell lines by treatment with capivasertib and analysis of cell viability and chemotaxis. A total of 76 patients surgically treated for invasive PeCa were included. Higher expression of AKT was significantly more prevalent in high-grade tumors and predictive of DSS and OS in the Kaplan-Meier analysis, and an independent predictor of worse OS and DSS in the multivariate regression analysis. Treatment with pan-AKT inhibitor capivasertib in PeCa cell lines induced a significant downregulation of both total AKT and pAKT as well as decreased cell viability and chemotaxis. Selected protein candidates of the mTOR/AKT signaling pathway demonstrate association with histological and survival parameters of PeCa patients, whereas AKT appears to be the most promising one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Thomas
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (S.R.); (R.D.); (O.V.); (S.M.-G.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (A.N.)
| | - Sascha Reetz
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (S.R.); (R.D.); (O.V.); (S.M.-G.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (A.N.)
| | - Philipp Stenzel
- Department of Pathology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (K.T.); (W.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Katrin Tagscherer
- Department of Pathology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (K.T.); (W.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Wilfried Roth
- Department of Pathology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (K.T.); (W.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Mario Schindeldecker
- Department of Pathology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (K.T.); (W.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK;
| | - Florian Rothweiler
- Institute of Medical Virology, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (F.R.); (J.C.J.); (J.C.)
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institute of Medical Virology, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (F.R.); (J.C.J.); (J.C.)
| | - Jaroslav Cinatl
- Institute of Medical Virology, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (F.R.); (J.C.J.); (J.C.)
| | - Robert Dotzauer
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (S.R.); (R.D.); (O.V.); (S.M.-G.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (A.N.)
| | - Olesya Vakhrusheva
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (S.R.); (R.D.); (O.V.); (S.M.-G.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (A.N.)
| | - Maarten Albersen
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Stephan Macher-Goeppinger
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (S.R.); (R.D.); (O.V.); (S.M.-G.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (A.N.)
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (S.R.); (R.D.); (O.V.); (S.M.-G.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (A.N.)
| | - Eva Juengel
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (S.R.); (R.D.); (O.V.); (S.M.-G.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (A.N.)
| | - Andreas Neisius
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (S.R.); (R.D.); (O.V.); (S.M.-G.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (A.N.)
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder Trier, 54292 Trier, Germany
| | - Igor Tsaur
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medicine Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (S.R.); (R.D.); (O.V.); (S.M.-G.); (A.H.); (E.J.); (A.N.)
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Naz S, Shah FA, Nadeem H, Sarwar S, Tan Z, Imran M, Ali T, Li JB, Li S. Amino Acid Conjugates of Aminothiazole and Aminopyridine as Potential Anticancer Agents: Synthesis, Molecular Docking and in vitro Evaluation. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:1459-1476. [PMID: 33833504 PMCID: PMC8021256 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s297013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The development of resistance to available anticancer drugs is increasingly becoming a major challenge and new chemical entities could be unveiled to compensate this therapeutic failure. The current study demonstrated the synthesis of 2-aminothiazole [S3(a-d) and S5(a-d)] and 2-aminopyridine [S4(a-d) and S6(a-d)] derivatives that can target multiple cellular networks implicated in cancer development. METHODS Biological assays were performed to investigate the antioxidant and anticancer potential of synthesized compounds. Redox imbalance and oxidative stress are hallmarks of cancer, therefore, synthesized compounds were preliminarily screened for their antioxidant activity using DPPH assay, and further five derivatives S3b, S3c, S4c, S5b, and S6c, with significant antioxidant potential, were selected for investigation of in vitro anticancer potential. The cytotoxic activities were evaluated against the parent (A2780) and cisplatin-resistant (A2780CISR) ovarian cancer cell lines. Further, Molecular docking studies of active compounds were performed to determine binding affinities. RESULTS Results revealed that S3c, S5b, and S6c displayed promising inhibition in cisplatin-resistant cell lines in comparison to parent cells in terms of both resistance factor (RF) and IC50 values. Moreover, S3c proved to be most active compound in both parent and resistant cell lines with IC50 values 15.57 µM and 11.52 µM respectively. Our docking studies demonstrated that compounds S3c, S5b, and S6c exhibited significant binding affinity with multiple protein targets of the signaling cascade. CONCLUSION Anticancer activities of compounds S3c, S5b, and S6c in cisplatin-resistant cell lines suggested that these ligands may contribute as lead compounds for the development of new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta Naz
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
- Shenzhen University Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Health Management Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Fawad Ali Shah
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Nadeem
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Sarwar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Zhen Tan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Ali
- Shenzhen University Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Health Management Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Bo Li
- Shenzhen University Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Health Management Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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28
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Yang L, Qu C, Jin J, Yang H, Pei L. Syringic acid regulates suppression of the STAT3/JNK/AKT pathway via inhibition of human ovarian teratoma cancer cell (PA-1) growth-in vitro study. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:1-9. [PMID: 33759321 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Among the various gynaecological cancers, ovarian cancer (OC) is the third most severe cancer worldwide affecting women. Syringic acid (SRA) exhibits several hypoglycaemia, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The study aimed to examine the proapoptotic activities of SRA on OC in PA-1 cells. SRA has been shown to decrease cell viability, increase the rate of cell apoptosis, and cause mitochondrial membrane potential to dissipate and induce over-accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species in PA-1 cells after 24 h of exposure. We examined the anticancer efficacy of SRA with its responsible molecular mechanism in the PA-1 cell lines of human OC. In a dose-dependent manner, SRA substantially suppressed cell proliferation and migration. SRA exhibited significant downregulation of cyclins including CDK2, CDK4, and Cyclin D1 responsible for cell-cycle regulation. The apoptosis-mediated anticancer activity was mainly mediated through caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and Bax upregulation, and Bcl-2 downregulation. We report that SRA significantly inhibits the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), P65, and protein kinase B (AKT) pathways. These findings depict the effective inhibition of STAT3, p38, and AKT expression by SRA, making it a potential therapeutic candidate for human OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Yang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Changhong Qu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiaxi Jin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Lipeng Pei
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, China
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Singh P, Kumar V, Gupta SK, Kumari G, Verma M. Combating TKI resistance in CML by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in combination with TKIs: a review. Med Oncol 2021; 38:10. [PMID: 33452624 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a myeloproliferative hematopoietic cancer, is caused by a genetic translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This translocation produces a small Philadelphia chromosome, which contains the Bcr-Abl oncogene. The Bcr-Abl oncogene encodes the BCR-ABL protein, upregulates various signaling pathways (JAK-STAT, MAPK/ERK, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR), and out of which the specifically highly active pathway is the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Among early treatments for CML, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) were found to be the most effective, but drug resistance against kinase inhibitors led to the discovery of novel alternative therapies. At this point, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway components became new targets due to stimulation of this pathway in TKIs-resistant CML patients. The current review article deals with reviewing the scientific literature on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors listed in the National Cancer Institute (NCI) drug dictionary and proved effective against multiple cancers. And out of those enlisted inhibitors, the US FDA has also approved some PI3K inhibitors (Idelalisib, Copanlisib, and Duvelisib) and mTOR inhibitors (Everolimus, Sirolimus, and Temsirolimus) for cancer therapy. So far, several inhibitors have been tested, and further investigations are still ongoing. Even in Imatinib, Nilotinib, and Ponatinib-resistant CML cells, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, BEZ235, showed antiproliferative activity. Therefore, by considering the literature data of these reviews and further examining some of the reported inhibitors, which proved effective against the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in multiple cancers, may improve the therapeutic approaches towards TKI-resistant CML cells where the respective signaling pathway gets upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Veerandra Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Sonu Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Gudia Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Malkhey Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India. .,School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
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Maloney SM, Hoover CA, Morejon-Lasso LV, Prosperi JR. Mechanisms of Taxane Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3323. [PMID: 33182737 PMCID: PMC7697134 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The taxane family of chemotherapy drugs has been used to treat a variety of mostly epithelial-derived tumors and remain the first-line treatment for some cancers. Despite the improved survival time and reduction of tumor size observed in some patients, many have no response to the drugs or develop resistance over time. Taxane resistance is multi-faceted and involves multiple pathways in proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and the transport of foreign substances. In this review, we dive deeper into hypothesized resistance mechanisms from research during the last decade, with a focus on the cancer types that use taxanes as first-line treatment but frequently develop resistance to them. Furthermore, we will discuss current clinical inhibitors and those yet to be approved that target key pathways or proteins and aim to reverse resistance in combination with taxanes or individually. Lastly, we will highlight taxane response biomarkers, specific genes with monitored expression and correlated with response to taxanes, mentioning those currently being used and those that should be adopted. The future directions of taxanes involve more personalized approaches to treatment by tailoring drug-inhibitor combinations or alternatives depending on levels of resistance biomarkers. We hope that this review will identify gaps in knowledge surrounding taxane resistance that future research or clinical trials can overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Maloney
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN 46617, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Camden A. Hoover
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
| | - Lorena V. Morejon-Lasso
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
| | - Jenifer R. Prosperi
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN 46617, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
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