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Zhao J, Wei M, Guo M, Wang M, Niu H, Xu T, Zhou Y. GSK3: A potential target and pending issues for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14818. [PMID: 38946682 PMCID: PMC11215492 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), consisting of GSK3α and GSK3β subtypes, is a complex protein kinase that regulates numerous substrates. Research has observed increased GSK3 expression in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and models. AD is a neurodegenerative disorder with diverse pathogenesis and notable cognitive impairments, characterized by Aβ aggregation and excessive tau phosphorylation. This article provides an overview of GSK3's structure and regulation, extensively analyzing its relationship with AD factors. GSK3 overactivation disrupts neural growth, development, and function. It directly promotes tau phosphorylation, regulates amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleavage, leading to Aβ formation, and directly or indirectly triggers neuroinflammation and oxidative damage. We also summarize preclinical research highlighting the inhibition of GSK3 activity as a primary therapeutic approach for AD. Finally, pending issues like the lack of highly specific and affinity-driven GSK3 inhibitors, are raised and expected to be addressed in future research. In conclusion, GSK3 represents a target in AD treatment, filled with hope, challenges, opportunities, and obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhao
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Mengying Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang UniversityJiaxingChina
| | - Minsong Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Cangnan County Qiushi Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineWenzhouChina
| | - Mengyao Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hongxia Niu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Blood‐stasis‐toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
| | - Tengfei Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Cangnan County Qiushi Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineWenzhouChina
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Blood‐stasis‐toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
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2
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Cui Y, Zhou Q, Jin M, Jiang S, Shang P, Dong X, Li L. Research progress on pharmacological effects and bioavailability of berberine. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03199-0. [PMID: 38888754 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid obtained from natural medicines such as coptidis rhizoma, has a wide range of pharmacological activities such as protecting the nervous system, protecting the cardiovascular system, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antitumor, antibacterial, and antidiarrheal. However, factors such as poor solubility, low permeability, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux, and hepatic-intestinal metabolism result in BBR having a low bioavailability (< 1%), which restricts its application in clinical settings. Therefore, improving its bioavailability is a prerequisite for its clinical applications. This review summarizes the various pharmacological effects of BBR and analyzes the main reasons for its poor bioavailability. It introduces methods to improve the bioavailability of BBR through the use of absorption enhancers and P-gp inhibitors, structural modification of BBR, and preparation of BBR salts and cocrystals as well as the development of new formulations and focuses on the bioavailability study of the new formulations of BBR. The research of BBR was also prospected in order to provide reference for the further research of BBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Cui
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Quanying Zhou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Min Jin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Siqi Jiang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Peizhao Shang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofan Dong
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Correia da Silva D, Valentão P, Pereira DM. Naturally occurring small molecules with dual effect upon inflammatory signaling pathways and endoplasmic reticulum stress response. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:421-437. [PMID: 38502466 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is determinant to maintain cellular proteostasis. Upon unresolved ER stress, this organelle activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). Sustained UPR activates is known to occur in inflammatory processes, deeming the ER a potential molecular target for the treatment of inflammation. This work characterizes the inflammatory/UPR-related molecular machinery modulated by an in-house library of natural products, aiming to pave the way for the development of new selective drugs that act upon the ER to counter inflammation-related chronic diseases. Starting from a library of 134 compounds of natural occurrence, mostly occurring in medicinal plants, nontoxic molecules were screened for their inhibitory capacity against LPS-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation in a luciferase-based reporter gene assay. Since several natural products inhibited NF-κB expression in THP-1 macrophages, their effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inflammasome activation was assessed, as well as their transcriptional outcome regarding ER stress. The bioactivities of several natural products are described herein for the first time. We report the anti-inflammatory potential of guaiazulene and describe 5-deoxykaempferol as a novel inhibitor of inflammasome activation. Furthermore, we describe the dual potential of 5-deoxykaempferol, berberine, guaiazulene, luteolin-4'-O-glucoside, myricetin, quercetagetin and sennoside B to modulate inflammatory signaling ER stress. Our results show that natural products are promising molecules for the discovery and pharmaceutical development of chemical entities able to modulate the inflammatory response, as well as proteostasis and the UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Correia da Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Nº 228, 4050-213, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Nº 228, 4050-213, Porto, Portugal
| | - David M Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Nº 228, 4050-213, Porto, Portugal.
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4
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Liu JY, Dai Y, He YX, Lin L. Effect of berberine on cognitive function and β-amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer's disease models: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1301102. [PMID: 38293672 PMCID: PMC10824956 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1301102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Berberis vulgaris, which possesses a variety of pharmacological activities. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex disease with multiple pathologic factors, with cognitive decline being the main manifestation of AD. The neuroprotective effects of berberine in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been widely reported, exhibiting protective effects against risk factors associated with AD. In this study, we summarize and evaluate the effects of berberine on cognitive function and β-amyloid precursor protein in animal models of AD. Material and methods: Eligible studies were retrieved from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to 1 June 2023. Risk of bias was assessed by the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experiments (SYRCLE). Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 14.0 and Review Manger 5.4 software to calculate weighted standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), Morris water maze (MWM) test and β-amyloid precursor protein as outcome measures. Heterogeneity was tested using the I2 test. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also assessed. Results: 19 studies involving 360 animals met the inclusion criteria, and the results of the meta-analysis showed that berberine decreased escape latency (SMD = -2.19, 95% CI: (-2.50, -1.88), p < 0.00001), increased the number of platform crossings (SMD = 4.27, 95% CI (3.38, 5.17), p < 0.00001), time in the target quadrant (SMD = 5.92, 95% CI (4.43, 7.41), p < 0.00001) and APP expression (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: (0.25, 1.21), p = 0.003). Conclusion: Berberine can regulate APP expression and improve cognitive function in animal models of AD, and the mechanism may be related to the involvement of berberine in APP processing and influence the expression of its related factors. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, CRD42023437445.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yang Liu
- School of Elderly Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Dai
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao-Xi He
- School of Elderly Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Lin
- School of Elderly Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Collaborative Innovation Center for Elderly Care and Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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5
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Dan L, Hao Y, Li J, Wang T, Zhao W, Wang H, Qiao L, Xie P. Neuroprotective effects and possible mechanisms of berberine in animal models of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1287750. [PMID: 38259291 PMCID: PMC10800531 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1287750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Recently, multiple preclinical studies have reported the beneficial effect of berberine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nevertheless, the neuroprotective effects and possible mechanisms of berberine against AD are not universally recognized. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis by integrating relevant animal studies to assess the neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of berberine on AD. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases that reported the effects of berberine on AD models up to 1 February 2023. The escape latency, times of crossing platform, time spent in the target quadrant and pro-oligomerized amyloid beta 42 (Aβ1-42) were included as primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes were the Tau-ps 204, Tau-ps 404, β-site of APP cleaving enzyme (BACE1), amyloid precursor protein (APP), acetylcholine esterase (AChE), tumor necrosis factor ⍺ (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, nitric oxide (NO), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Beclin-1 and neuronal apoptosis cells. This meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 and STATA 15.1. The SYRCLE's risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality. Results: Twenty-two studies and 453 animals were included in the analysis. The overall results showed that berberine significantly shortened the escape latency (p < 0.00001), increased times of crossing platform (p < 0.00001) and time spent in the target quadrant (p < 0.00001), decreased Aβ1-42 deposition (p < 0.00001), Tau-ps 202 (p < 0.00001) and Tau-ps 404 (p = 0.002), and improved BACE1, APP, AChE, Beclin-1, neuronal apoptosis cells, oxidative stress and inflammation levels. Conclusion: Berberine may be a promising drug for the treatment of AD based on preclinical evidence (especially when the dose was 5-260 mg/kg). The potential mechanisms for these protective effects may be closely related to anti-neuroinflammation, anti-oxidative stress, modulation of autophagy, inhibition of neuronal apoptosis and protection of cholinergic system. However, these results may be limited by the quality of existing research. Larger and methodologically more rigorous preclinical research are needed to provide more convincing evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Dan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanwei Hao
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianyuan Wang
- Traditional Chinese medicine department, 363 Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Liyan Qiao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Peijun Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
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6
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Singh S, Chib S, Akhtar MJ, Kumar B, Chawla PA, Bhatia R. Paradigms and Success Stories of Natural Products in Drug Discovery Against Neurodegenerative Disorders (NDDs). Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:992-1015. [PMID: 36606589 PMCID: PMC10964107 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230105110834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are multifaceted complex disorders that have put a great health and economic burden around the globe nowadays. The multi-factorial nature of NDDs has presented a great challenge in drug discovery and continuous efforts are in progress in search of suitable therapeutic candidates. Nature has a great wealth of active principles in its lap that has cured the human population since ancient times. Natural products have revealed several benefits over conventional synthetic medications and scientists have shifted their vision towards exploring the therapeutic potentials of natural products in the past few years. The structural mimicking of natural compounds to endogenous ligands has presented them as a potential therapeutic candidate to prevent the development of NDDs. In the presented review, authors have summarized demographical facts about various NDDs including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and various types of sclerosis in the brain. The significant findings of new active principles of natural origin along with their therapeutic potentials on NDDs have been included. Also, a description of clinical trials and patents on natural products has been enlisted in this compilation. Although natural products have shown promising success in drug discovery against NDDs, still their use is associated with several ethical issues which need to be solved in the upcoming time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhwinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Shivani Chib
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Md. Jawaid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, PO620, PC 130 Azaiba, Bousher, Muscat, Oman
| | - Bhupinder Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, HNB Garhwal University, Chauras Campus, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Pooja A. Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
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Gui Z, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wan B, Ke Z, Ren Z, Yang X, Lei M, Guo X, Liu X, Ouyang C, Wu N, Chen Q. Dapagliflozin improves diabetic cognitive impairment via indirectly modulating the mitochondria homeostasis of hippocampus in diabetic mice. Biofactors 2024; 50:145-160. [PMID: 37596888 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as an important comorbidity of diabetes progression; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. Dapagliflozin, an inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2), has shown promising effects against diabetes in rodent experiments and human clinical assays. This study aimed to determine the underlying mechanism and examine the effect of dapagliflozin on diabetic cognitive impairment. To create an in vivo model of diabetic cognitive impairment, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice were used. Dapagliflozin was administered to mice for 8 weeks. The context fear condition and Morris water maze test was used to evaluate mice's behavioral change. Western blotting was used to evaluate protein expression. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Nissl staining were applied to monitor morphological and structural changes. Congo red staining was performed to identify the formation of senile plaques. Mitochondria morphology was examined using a transmission electron microscope, and blood flow in the mouse cerebral cortex was measured using a laser Doppler imaging assay. Comparison to the diabetes mellitus (DM) group, the dapagliflozin group had lower glucose levels. Behavioral studies have shown that dapagliflozin can restore memory deficits in diabetic mice. The murky cell membrane edges and Nissl bodies more difficult to identify in the DM group were revealed by HE and Nissl staining, which were both improved by dapagliflozin treatment. Dapagliflozin inhibited the progression of Aβ generation and the reduced cerebral blood flow in the DM group was rescued. After dapagliflozin treatment, damaged mitochondria and lack of SGLT2 in the hippocampus and cortex of diabetic mice were repaired. Diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction was attenuated by dapagliflozin and the effect was indirect rather than direct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Gui
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
- Hepatic Surgery Center; Hubei key laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases; Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Xianning Central hospital, First Affiliated Hospital, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Binbin Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ke
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Zhanhong Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaosong Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Min Lei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Xiying Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Xiufen Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Changhan Ouyang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Ninghua Wu
- School of Stomatology and Ophthalmology, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Qingjie Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
- School of Stomatology and Ophthalmology, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
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8
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Zhang Y, Chen H, Li R, Sterling K, Song W. Amyloid β-based therapy for Alzheimer's disease: challenges, successes and future. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:248. [PMID: 37386015 PMCID: PMC10310781 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01484-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β protein (Aβ) is the main component of neuritic plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and its accumulation has been considered as the molecular driver of Alzheimer's pathogenesis and progression. Aβ has been the prime target for the development of AD therapy. However, the repeated failures of Aβ-targeted clinical trials have cast considerable doubt on the amyloid cascade hypothesis and whether the development of Alzheimer's drug has followed the correct course. However, the recent successes of Aβ targeted trials have assuaged those doubts. In this review, we discussed the evolution of the amyloid cascade hypothesis over the last 30 years and summarized its application in Alzheimer's diagnosis and modification. In particular, we extensively discussed the pitfalls, promises and important unanswered questions regarding the current anti-Aβ therapy, as well as strategies for further study and development of more feasible Aβ-targeted approaches in the optimization of AD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Huaqiu Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keenan Sterling
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Weihong Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Ma HH, Wen JR, Fang H, Su S, Wan C, Zhang C, Lu FM, Fan LL, Wu GL, Zhou ZY, Qiao LJ, Zhang SJ, Cai YF. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Exerts Neuroprotective Effect by Reducing Aβ Toxicity Through Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion Cell Model. Rejuvenation Res 2023; 26:57-67. [PMID: 36734410 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2022.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia stroke is thought to be one of the vascular risks associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) has been reported to protect against stroke and AD, while the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, SH-SY5Y cell model treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) was used to explore the potential mechanism of HSYA. Results from cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) showed that 10 μM HSYA restored the cell viability after OGD 2 hours/R 24 hours. HSYA reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species, while improved the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Furthermore, apoptosis was inhibited, and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor was improved after HSYA treatment. In addition, the expression levels of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) and BACE1 were decreased by HSYA, as well as the expression levels of binding immunoglobulin heavy chain protein, PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase pathway, and activating transcription factor 6 pathway, whereas the expression level of protein disulfide isomerase was increased. Based on these results, HSYA might reduce Aβ toxicity after OGD/R by interfering with apoptosis, oxidation, and neurotrophic factors, as well as relieving ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Han Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Ru Wen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Su
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Can Wan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang-Mei Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling-Ling Fan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Liang Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Yi Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Jun Qiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye-Feng Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Ailioaie LM, Ailioaie C, Litscher G. Photobiomodulation in Alzheimer's Disease-A Complementary Method to State-of-the-Art Pharmaceutical Formulations and Nanomedicine? Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:916. [PMID: 36986776 PMCID: PMC10054386 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), as a neurodegenerative disorder, usually develops slowly but gradually worsens. It accounts for approximately 70% of dementia cases worldwide, and is recognized by WHO as a public health priority. Being a multifactorial disease, the origins of AD are not satisfactorily understood. Despite huge medical expenditures and attempts to discover new pharmaceuticals or nanomedicines in recent years, there is no cure for AD and not many successful treatments are available. The current review supports introspection on the latest scientific results from the specialized literature regarding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of brain photobiomodulation, as a complementary method with implications in AD. State-of-the-art pharmaceutical formulations, development of new nanoscale materials, bionanoformulations in current applications and perspectives in AD are highlighted. Another goal of this review was to discover and to speed transition to completely new paradigms for the multi-target management of AD, to facilitate brain remodeling through new therapeutic models and high-tech medical applications with light or lasers in the integrative nanomedicine of the future. In conclusion, new insights from this interdisciplinary approach, including the latest results from photobiomodulation (PBM) applied in human clinical trials, combined with the latest nanoscale drug delivery systems to easily overcome protective brain barriers, could open new avenues to rejuvenate our central nervous system, the most fascinating and complex organ. Picosecond transcranial laser stimulation could be successfully used to cross the blood-brain barrier together with the latest nanotechnologies, nanomedicines and drug delivery systems in AD therapy. Original, smart and targeted multifunctional solutions and new nanodrugs may soon be developed to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marinela Ailioaie
- Department of Medical Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Constantin Ailioaie
- Department of Medical Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gerhard Litscher
- President of ISLA (International Society for Medical Laser Applications), Research Unit of Biomedical Engineering in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit for Complementary and Integrative Laser Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Research Center Graz, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 39, 8036 Graz, Austria
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11
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Nadalin P, Kim YG, Park SU. Recent studies on berberine and its biological and pharmacological activities. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:315-328. [PMID: 37223077 PMCID: PMC10201012 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Nadalin
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Yong-Goo Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
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12
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Shao Y, Xu Y, Di H, Shi X, Wang Y, Liu H, Song L. The inhibition of ORMDL3 prevents Alzheimer's disease through ferroptosis by PERK/ATF4/HSPA5 pathway. IET Nanobiotechnol 2023; 17:182-196. [PMID: 36680386 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with high incidence and widespread attention. There is currently no clear clarification of the pathogenesis. However, ORMDL3 causes ferroptosis in AD, and the potential mechanisms remain unclear. So, this study explore the function of ORMDL3 on ferroptosis in AD and its potential regulatory mechanisms. APPswe/PS1dE9 mice and C57BL/6 mice were induced into the mice model. The murine microglial BV-2 cells also were induced into the vitro model. In serum samples of AD patients, ORMDL3 mRNA expression levels were upregulated. The serum ORMDL3 levels expression was positively related to the ADL score or MoCA score in AD patients. The serum ORMDL3 expression level was positively related to MMSE score or Hcy levels in AD patients. The mRNA expression of ORMDL3 in the hippocampal tissue of the mice model of AD was upregulated at one, four and eight months. The protein expression of ORMDL3 was upregulated in the mice model of AD. ORMDL3 promoted Alzheimer's disease, and increased oxidative response and ferroptosis in a model of AD. PERK/ATF4/HSPA5 pathway is one important signal pathway for the effects of ORMDL3 in a model of AD. Collectively, these data suggested that ORMDL3 promoted oxidative response and ferroptosis in a model of AD by the PERK/ATF4/HSPA5 pathway, which might be a novel target spot mechanism of ferroptosis in AD and may serve as a regulator of AD-induced ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankun Shao
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of JiLin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yilin Xu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of JiLin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huang Di
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of JiLin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinxiu Shi
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of JiLin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of JiLin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of JiLin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lina Song
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of JiLin University, Changchun, China
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13
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Yao J, Wei W, Wen J, Cao Y, Li H. The efficacy and mechanism of berberine in improving aging-related cognitive dysfunction: A study based on network pharmacology. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1093180. [PMID: 36743801 PMCID: PMC9895386 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1093180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the effects and mechanisms of berberine in the treatment of aging-related cognitive dysfunction based on network pharmacology methods, molecular docking techniques, and animal experiments. Methods A mouse model of cognitive dysfunction was constructed by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose (D-gal) for 10 weeks, and the neuroprotective effects of berberine on aging-related cognitive dysfunction mice were evaluated by the Morris water maze (MWM) and immunofluorescence staining. The targets of berberine were obtained by SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, and PharmMapper. Putative targets of cognitive dysfunction were obtained by GeneCards, TTD, and DrugBank database. The STRING database and Cytoscape software were applied for protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis and further screening of core targets. The DAVID database was used for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis to clarify the biological processes and pathways involved in the intersection targets, and AutoDockTools was adopted for molecular docking verification of core targets. Finally, the core genes were validated using real-time quantitative PCR. Results The MWM results showed that treatment with berberine significantly improved spatial learning and memory in mice with cognitive decline induced by D-gal. Immunofluorescence staining indicated that berberine modified the levels of aging-related markers in the brain. A total of 386 berberine putative targets associated with cognitive dysfunction were identified based on the public database. The core targets of berberine for improving cognitive function, include Mapk1, Src, Ctnnb1, Akt1, Pik3ca, Tp53, Jun, and Hsp90aa1. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the mechanism of berberine in the treatment of aging-related cognitive dysfunction is attributed to pathways such as PI3K-AKT and MAPK pathways. In vivo experiments further confirmed that Akt1, Ctnnb1, Tp53, and Jun were involved in the neuroprotective actions of berberine. Conclusion This study reveals the multi-target and multi-pathway effects of berberine on regulating aging-related cognitive dysfunction, which provides preclinical evidence and may promote new drug development in mitigating cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuxiu Yao
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Wen
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yu Cao,
| | - Hao Li
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Hao Li,
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14
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Li M, Yao L, He M, Huang H, Zheng H, Ma S, Zhong Z, Yu S, Sun M, Wang H. "Adjust Zang and arouse spirit" electroacupuncture ameliorates cognitive impairment by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in db/db mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1185022. [PMID: 37152933 PMCID: PMC10154981 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1185022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) is a chronic complication of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by diabetes that affects learning and memory capacities over time. Recently, acupuncture has been shown to improve cognitive impairment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. However, the effects of electroacupuncture on DCI and its underlying mechanism have not yet been elucidated in detail. Methods In this study, we used db/db mice as DCI animal models which showed low cognitive, learning and memory functions. Electroacupuncture significantly ameliorated DCI, which is reflected by better spatial learning and memory function using behavioral tests. The db/db mice with cognitive impairment were randomly divided into a model group (Mod) and an electroacupuncture treatment group (Acup), while db/m mice were used as a normal control group (Con). First, the mice were subjected to behavioural tests using the Morris water maze (MWM), and body weight, blood glucose, insulin, triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were observed; HE, Nissl, and TUNEL staining were used to observe the morphological changes and neuronal apoptosis in the mice hippocampus; Finally, Western blot and rt-PCR were applied to detect the essential proteins and mRNA of ERS and insulin signalling pathway, as well as the expression levels of Tau and Aβ. Results Electroacupuncture significantly ameliorated DCI, which is reflected by better spatial learning and memory function using behavioral tests. Moreover, electroacupuncture attenuated diabetes-induced morphological structure change, neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus of db/db mice. Our results revealed that electroacupuncture could regulate the expression levels of Tau and Aβ by improving hippocampal ERS levels in db/db mice, inhibiting JNK activation, attenuating IRS1 serine phosphorylation, and restoring normal transduction of the insulin signaling pathway. Discussion In summary, ERS and insulin signaling pathway paly causal roles in DCI development. Electroacupuncture can significantly alleviate the pathogenesis of DCI, improve mice's learning and memory ability, and improve cognitive dysfunction. This study adds to our understanding of the effect of acupuncture on DCI and opens the door to further research on DCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Li
- Institute of Acupuncture and Massage, Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Jilin, China
| | - Lin Yao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Massage, Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Jilin, China
| | - Min He
- Institute of Acupuncture and Massage, Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Jilin, China
| | - Haipeng Huang
- Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haizhu Zheng
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Jilin, China
| | - Shiqi Ma
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Jilin, China
| | - Zhen Zhong
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Jilin, China
| | - Shuo Yu
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Jilin, China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- Institute of Acupuncture and Massage, Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Hongfeng Wang, ; Mengmeng Sun,
| | - Hongfeng Wang
- Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Hongfeng Wang, ; Mengmeng Sun,
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15
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Woodfield A, Gonzales T, Helmerhorst E, Laws S, Newsholme P, Porter T, Verdile G. Current Insights on the Use of Insulin and the Potential Use of Insulin Mimetics in Targeting Insulin Signalling in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415811. [PMID: 36555450 PMCID: PMC9779379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are chronic diseases that share several pathological mechanisms, including insulin resistance and impaired insulin signalling. Their shared features have prompted the evaluation of the drugs used to manage diabetes for the treatment of AD. Insulin delivery itself has been utilized, with promising effects, in improving cognition and reducing AD related neuropathology. The most recent clinical trial involving intranasal insulin reported no slowing of cognitive decline; however, several factors may have impacted the trial outcomes. Long-acting and rapid-acting insulin analogues have also been evaluated within the context of AD with a lack of consistent outcomes. This narrative review provided insight into how targeting insulin signalling in the brain has potential as a therapeutic target for AD and provided a detailed update on the efficacy of insulin, its analogues and the outcomes of human clinical trials. We also discussed the current evidence that warrants the further investigation of the use of the mimetics of insulin for AD. These small molecules may provide a modifiable alternative to insulin, aiding in developing drugs that selectively target insulin signalling in the brain with the aim to attenuate cognitive dysfunction and AD pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Woodfield
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Tatiana Gonzales
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Erik Helmerhorst
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Simon Laws
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
| | - Philip Newsholme
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Tenielle Porter
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-9266 5618
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16
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Puri V, Kanojia N, Sharma A, Huanbutta K, Dheer D, Sangnim T. Natural product-based pharmacological studies for neurological disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1011740. [PMID: 36419628 PMCID: PMC9676372 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1011740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders and diseases are expected to rise sharply in the coming years, partly because of the world's aging population. Medicines for the treatment of the CNS have not been successfully made. Inadequate knowledge about the brain, pharmacokinetic and dynamic errors in preclinical studies, challenges with clinical trial design, complexity and variety of human brain illnesses, and variations in species are some potential scenarios. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are multifaceted and lack identifiable etiological components, and the drugs developed to treat them did not meet the requirements of those who anticipated treatments. Therefore, there is a great demand for safe and effective natural therapeutic adjuvants. For the treatment of NDDs and other memory-related problems, many herbal and natural items have been used in the Ayurvedic medical system. Anxiety, depression, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's diseases (AD), as well as a plethora of other neuropsychiatric disorders, may benefit from the use of plant and food-derived chemicals that have antidepressant or antiepileptic properties. We have summarized the present level of knowledge about natural products based on topological evidence, bioinformatics analysis, and translational research in this review. We have also highlighted some clinical research or investigation that will help us select natural products for the treatment of neurological conditions. In the present review, we have explored the potential efficacy of phytoconstituents against neurological diseases. Various evidence-based studies and extensive recent investigations have been included, which will help pharmacologists reduce the progression of neuronal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Puri
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ameya Sharma
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kampanart Huanbutta
- School of Pharmacy, Eastern Asia University, Rangsit, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Divya Dheer
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tanikan Sangnim
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Muang, Chon Buri, Thailand
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17
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Shiau JP, Chuang YT, Tang JY, Yang KH, Chang FR, Hou MF, Yen CY, Chang HW. The Impact of Oxidative Stress and AKT Pathway on Cancer Cell Functions and Its Application to Natural Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1845. [PMID: 36139919 PMCID: PMC9495789 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and AKT serine-threonine kinase (AKT) are responsible for regulating several cell functions of cancer cells. Several natural products modulate both oxidative stress and AKT for anticancer effects. However, the impact of natural product-modulating oxidative stress and AKT on cell functions lacks systemic understanding. Notably, the contribution of regulating cell functions by AKT downstream effectors is not yet well integrated. This review explores the role of oxidative stress and AKT pathway (AKT/AKT effectors) on ten cell functions, including apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial morphogenesis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, DNA damage response, senescence, migration, and cell-cycle progression. The impact of oxidative stress and AKT are connected to these cell functions through cell function mediators. Moreover, the AKT effectors related to cell functions are integrated. Based on this rationale, natural products with the modulating abilities for oxidative stress and AKT pathway exhibit the potential to regulate these cell functions, but some were rarely reported, particularly for AKT effectors. This review sheds light on understanding the roles of oxidative stress and AKT pathway in regulating cell functions, providing future directions for natural products in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ping Shiau
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan or
| | - Ya-Ting Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yang Tang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaoshiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Han Yang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan or
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Yen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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18
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Yarmohammadi F, Hayes AW, Karimi G. The therapeutic effects of berberine against different diseases: A review on the involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum stress. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3215-3231. [PMID: 35778942 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Various factors interfere with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function, which is involved in protein folding and calcium homeostasis. ER dysfunction referred to as ER stress triggers cell death by apoptosis and inflammation. Berberine (BBR) is an alkaloid extracted from the family Berberidacea. It has shown multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, antiproliferative, and antihypertensive. It has been reported that BBR can decrease apoptosis and inflammation following different pathological conditions, which might be mediated by targeting ER stress pathways. In this manuscript, we reviewed the protective potential of BBR against several diseases, such as metabolic disorders, cancer, intestinal diseases, cardiovascular, liver, kidney, and central nervous system diseases, in both in vivo and in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Yarmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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19
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Ye XW, Wang HL, Cheng SQ, Xia LJ, Xu XF, Li XR. Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy to Investigate the Pharmacologic Mechanisms of Coptidis Rhizoma for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:890046. [PMID: 35795239 PMCID: PMC9252849 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.890046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is becoming a more prevalent public health issue in today's culture. The experimental study of Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) and its chemical components in AD treatment has been widely reported, but the principle of multi-level and multi-mechanism treatment of AD urgently needs to be clarified.ObjectiveThis study focuses on network pharmacology to clarify the mechanism of CR's multi-target impact on Alzheimer's disease.MethodsThe Phytochemical-compounds of CR have been accessed from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Symmap database or HPLC determination. The values of Oral Bioavailability (OB) ≥ 30% and Drug Like (DL) ≥ 0.18 or blood ingredient were used to screen the active components of CR; the interactive network of targets and compounds were constructed by STRING and Cytoscape platform, and the network was analyzed by Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE); Gene Ontology (GO) function, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway (KEGG) and metabolic pathway enrichment of targets were carried out with Metascape, the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and MetaboAnalyst platform; Based on CytoHubba, the potential efficient targets were screened by Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC) and Degree, the correlation between potential efficient targets and amyloid β-protein (Aβ), Tau pathology was analyzed by Alzdata database, and the genes related to aging were analyzed by Aging Altas database, and finally, the core targets were obtained; the binding ability between ingredients and core targets evaluated by molecular docking, and the clinical significance of core targets was assessed with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.Results19 active components correspond to 267 therapeutic targets for AD, of which 69 is potentially effective; in module analysis, RELA, TRAF2, STAT3, and so on are the critical targets of each module; among the six core targets, RELA, MAPK8, STAT3, and TGFB1 have clinical therapeutic significance; GO function, including 3050 biological processes (BP), 257 molecular functions (MF), 184 cellular components (CC), whose functions are mainly related to antioxidation, regulation of apoptosis and cell composition; the HIF-1 signaling pathway, glutathione metabolism is the most significant result of 134 KEGG signal pathways and four metabolic pathways, respectively; most of the active components have an excellent affinity in docking with critical targets.ConclusionThe pharmacological target prediction of CR based on molecular network pharmacology paves the way for a multi-level networking strategy. The study of CR in AD treatment shows a bright prospect for curing neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-wen Ye
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-li Wang
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shui-qing Cheng
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-jing Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-fang Xu
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Xin-fang Xu
| | - Xiang-ri Li
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang-ri Li
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20
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Shou JW, Shaw PC. Therapeutic Efficacies of Berberine against Neurological Disorders: An Update of Pharmacological Effects and Mechanisms. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050796. [PMID: 35269418 PMCID: PMC8909195 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are ranked as the leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide, underscoring an urgent necessity to develop novel pharmacotherapies. Berberine (BBR) is a well-known phytochemical isolated from a number of medicinal herbs. BBR has attracted much interest for its broad range of pharmacological actions in treating and/or managing neurological disorders. The discoveries in basic and clinical studies of the effects of BBR on neurological disorders in the last decade have provided novel evidence to support the potential therapeutical efficacies of BBR in treating neurological diseases. In this review, we summarized the pharmacological properties and therapeutic applications of BBR against neurological disorders in the last decade. We also emphasized the major pathways modulated by BBR, which provides firm evidence for BBR as a promising drug candidate for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wen Shou
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 852852, China;
| | - Pang-Chui Shaw
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 852852, China;
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 852852, China
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants and Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 852852, China
- Correspondence:
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21
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Zhou HY, Sun YY, Chang P, Huang HC. Curcumin Inhibits Cell Damage and Apoptosis Caused by Thapsigargin-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Involving the Recovery of Mitochondrial Function Mediated by Mitofusin-2. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:449-460. [PMID: 35192145 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and mitochondrial dysfunction have been suggested to relate with the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, their cross-talk is needed to investigate further. Mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) is a member of mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), which connects endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. This study investigated the protective effect of curcumin on thapsigargin (TG)-induced ERS and cell apoptosis and the role of Mfn2 on mitochondrial dysfunction. The cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells was decreased and cell damage and apoptosis were increased in a concentration-dependent manner when cells were treated with TG. TG upregulated the protein levels of GRP78, pSer981-PERK, and pSer51-eIF2α. Curcumin attenuated TG-induced damage on cell viability and apoptosis and downregulated the protein levels of GRP78, pSer981-PERK, and pSer51-eIF2α. TG caused the increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and in the protein levels of pSer40-Nrf2 and hemoglobin oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Curcumin decreased the TG-induced intracellular ROS but did not alter the protein levels of pSer40-Nrf2 and HO-1. TG resulted in the upregulation on Mfn2 expression and mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity but the downregulation on mitochondrial basal respiration and ATP production. Curcumin attenuated the TG-induced Mfn2 expression and mitochondrial stress. When Mfn2 was silenced by shRNA interference, curcumin failed to recovery the TG-damaged mitochondrial function. In general, the TG-induced ERS trigged mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis. Curcumin attenuates TG-induced ERS and the cell damage and apoptosis. Mfn2 is required for curcumin's protection against the TG-induced damage on mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Yan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Sciences, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China
| | - Yu-Ying Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Sciences, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China
| | - Ping Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Sciences, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China
| | - Han-Chang Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Sciences, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China.
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22
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Wang L, Xia H, Wu Y, Wang Y, Lin P, Lin S. Secoyanhusamine A, an Oxidatively Ring-Opened Isoquinoline Inner Salt From Corydalis yanhusuo. Front Chem 2022; 9:831173. [PMID: 35178381 PMCID: PMC8843934 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.831173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Secoyanhusamine A (1), a rare rearranged seco-isoquinoline alkaloid derived from ring oxidative cleavage, was isolated from an aqueous extract of Corydalis yanhusuo tubers, together with its biosynthetic precursor dehydrocorybulbine (2). Secoyanhusamine A (1) was the first example of a highly oxidized isoquinoline inner salt resulting in a 5-(2-azanylethyl)-2-carboxylate-4-oxo-4H-pyran ring system. The biosynthetic pathway of 1 was also postulated. Secoyanhusamine A (1) exhibited potent inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with an IC50 value of 0.81 ± 0.13 μM. Molecular simulation docking demonstrated that 1 created a strong interaction with the Asp-74 residue of AChE via attractive charge of the quaternary nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhuo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Lin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining, China
- *Correspondence: Pengcheng Lin, ; Sheng Lin,
| | - Sheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Pengcheng Lin, ; Sheng Lin,
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23
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Goel Y, Fouda R, Gupta K. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Emerging Role of Phytochemicals. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020265. [PMID: 35204148 PMCID: PMC8868275 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a significant dose-limiting long-term sequela in cancer patients undergoing treatment, often leading to discontinuation of treatment. No established therapy exists to prevent and/or ameliorate CIPN. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysregulation have been proposed to underlie the pathobiology of CIPN. However, interventions to prevent and treat CIPN are largely ineffective. Additional factors and mechanism-based targets need to be identified to develop novel strategies to target CIPN. The role of oxidative stress appears to be central, but the contribution of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress remains under-examined in the pathobiology of CIPN. This review describes the significance of ER stress and its contribution to CIPN, the protective role of herbal agents in countering ER stress in nervous system-associated disorders, and their possible repurposing for preventing CIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugal Goel
- Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (Y.G.); (R.F.)
| | - Raghda Fouda
- Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (Y.G.); (R.F.)
| | - Kalpna Gupta
- Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (Y.G.); (R.F.)
- VA Medical Center, Southern California Institute for Research and Education, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Correspondence:
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