1
|
Lyu S, Cai Z, Yang Q, Liu J, Yu Y, Pan F, Zhang T. Soybean meal peptide Gly-Thr-Tyr-Trp could protect mice from acute alcoholic liver damage: A study of protein-protein interaction and proteomic analysis. Food Chem 2024; 451:139337. [PMID: 38663243 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a serious health threat. Soybean meal peptide (SMP) supplementation may protect against this damage; however, the potential mechanism underlying the specific sequence of SMPs is unclear. Protein-protein interaction and proteomic analyses are effective methods for studying functional ingredients in diseases. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of action of the peptide Gly-Thr-Tyr-Trp (GTYW) on ALD using protein-protein interaction and proteomic analyses. These results demonstrate that GTYW influenced the targets of glutathione metabolism (glutathione-disulfide reductase, glutathione S-transferase pi 1, and glutathione S-transferase mu 2). It also regulated the expression of targets related to energy metabolism and amino acid conversion (trypsin-2, cysteine dioxygenase type-1, and F6SJM7). Amino acid and lipid metabolisms were identified based on Gene Ontology annotation. These results indicate that GTYW might affect alcohol-related liver disease signaling pathways. This study provides evidence of the protective and nutritional benefits of SMPs in ALD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Lyu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuanzhang Cai
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiding Yu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengguang Pan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food and College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Z, Wan M, Wang M, Duan J, Jiang S. Modulation of gut microbiota on intestinal permeability: A novel strategy for treating gastrointestinal related diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112416. [PMID: 38852521 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence emphasizes the critical reciprocity between gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function in maintaining the gastrointestinal homeostasis. Given the fundamental role caused by intestinal permeability, which has been scrutinized as a measurable potential indicator of perturbed barrier function in clinical researches, it seems not surprising that recent decades have been marked by augmented efforts to determine the interaction between intestinal microbes and permeability of the individual. However, despite the significant progress in characterizing intestinal permeability and the commensal bacteria in the intestine, the mechanisms involved are still far from being thoroughly revealed. In the present review, based on multiomic methods, high-throughput sequencing and molecular biology techniques, the impacts of gut microbiota on intestinal permeability as well as their complex interaction networks are systematically summarized. Furthermore, the diseases related to intestinal permeability and main causes of changes in intestinal permeability are briefly introduced. The purpose of this review is to provide a novel prospection to elucidate the correlation between intestinal microbiota and permeability, and to explore a promising solution for diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuotong Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Meiyu Wan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shen Y, Chen D, Linghu M, Huang B, Xu S, Li L, Lu Y, Li X. MLKL deficiency alleviates acute alcoholic liver injury via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome. Toxicology 2024; 506:153864. [PMID: 38871208 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) is identified as the terminal executor of necroptosis. However, its role in acute alcoholic liver injury remains unclear. This study elucidates that MLKL can contribute to acute alcoholic liver injury independently of necroptosis. Although the expression of MLKL was upregulated, no significant increase in its phosphorylation or membrane translocation was observed in the liver tissues of mice treated with ethanol. This finding confirms that alcohol intake does not induce necroptosis in mouse liver tissue. Additionally, the deletion of Mlkl resulted in the downregulation of NLRP3 expression, which subsequently inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the ensuing inflammatory response, thereby effectively mitigating liver injury induced by acute alcohol consumption. The knockout of Nlrp3 did not affect the expression of MLKL, further confirming that MLKL acts upstream of NLRP3. Mechanistically, inhibiting the nuclear translocation of MLKL reduced the nuclear entry of p65, the principal transcriptional regulator of NLRP3, thereby limiting the transcription of Nlrp3 mRNA and subsequent NLRP3 expression. Overall, this study unveils a novel mechanism of MLKL regulates the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in a necroptosis independent way in acute alcoholic liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shen
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Qixingguan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Bijie 551700, China
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Min Linghu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Shangfu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lisheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Yuanfu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Du M, Liu Y, Cao J, Li X, Wang N, He Q, Zhang L, Zhao B, Dugarjaviin M. Food from Equids-Commercial Fermented Mare's Milk (Koumiss) Products: Protective Effects against Alcohol Intoxication. Foods 2024; 13:2344. [PMID: 39123538 PMCID: PMC11312395 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermented mare's milk (koumiss), a traditional Central Asian dairy product derived from fermented mare's milk, is renowned for its unique sour taste and texture. It has long been consumed by nomadic tribes for its nutritional and medicinal benefits. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the protective effects of koumiss against alcohol-induced harm across behavioral, hematological, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and reproductive dimensions using a mouse model. Optimal intoxicating doses of alcohol and koumiss doses were determined, and their effects were explored through sleep tests and blood indicator measurements. Pretreatment with koumiss delayed inebriation, accelerated sobering, and reduced mortality in mice, mitigating alcohol's impact on blood ethanol levels and various physiological parameters. Histopathological and molecular analyses further confirmed koumiss's protective role against alcohol-induced damage in the liver, stomach, small intestine, and reproductive system. Transcriptomic studies on reproductive damage indicated that koumiss exerts its benefits by influencing mitochondrial and ribosomal functions and also shows promise in mitigating alcohol's effects on the reproductive system. In summary, koumiss emerges as a potential natural agent for protection against alcohol-induced harm, opening avenues for future research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Du
- Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China; (M.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (N.W.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Equus Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yuanyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China; (M.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (N.W.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Equus Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Jialong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China; (M.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (N.W.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Equus Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China; (M.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (N.W.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Equus Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China; (M.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (N.W.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Equus Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Qianqian He
- Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China; (M.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (N.W.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Equus Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China; (M.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (N.W.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Equus Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Bilig Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China; (M.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (N.W.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Equus Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Manglai Dugarjaviin
- Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China; (M.D.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (X.L.); (N.W.); (Q.H.); (L.Z.); (B.Z.)
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Equus Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Duan W, Liu F, Ren Y, Zhang X, Shi JS, Xue Y, Xu ZH, Geng Y. Differences in the Ability of Lactic Acid Bacteria To Prevent Acute Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury via the Gut Microbiota-Bile Acid-Liver Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15265-15275. [PMID: 38918075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics can regulate gut microbiota and protect against acute alcohol-induced liver injury through the gut-liver axis. However, efficacy is strain-dependent, and their mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), including Lacticaseibacillus paracasei E10 (E10), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum M (M), Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LGG (LGG), Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JN-1 (JN-1), and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JN-8 (JN-8), on the prevention of acute alcoholic liver injury in mice. We found that LAB pretreatment reduced serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) and reduced hepatic total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG). JN-8 pretreatment exhibited superior efficacy in improving hepatic antioxidation. LGG and JN-8 pretreatment significantly attenuated hepatic and colonic inflammation by decreasing the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and increasing the expression of interleukin 10 (IL-10). JN-1 and JN-8 pretreatments have better preventive effects than other LAB pretreatment on intestinal barrier dysfunction. In addition, the LAB pretreatment improved gut microbial dysbiosis and bile acid (BA) metabolic abnormality. All of the strains were confirmed to have bile salt deconjugation capacities in vitro, where M and JN-8 displayed higher activities. This study provides new insights into the prevention and mechanism of LAB strains in preventing acute alcoholic liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Duan
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzheng Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- Advanced Brewing Technology Innovation Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Geng
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cinca-Morros S, Álvarez-Herms J. The Importance of Maintaining and Improving a Healthy Gut Microbiota in Athletes as a Preventive Strategy to Improve Heat Tolerance and Acclimatization. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1160. [PMID: 38930542 PMCID: PMC11205789 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to passive heat (acclimation) and exercise under hot conditions (acclimatization), known as heat acclimation (HA), are methods that athletes include in their routines to promote faster recovery and enhance physiological adaptations and performance under hot conditions. Despite the potential positive effects of HA on health and physical performance in the heat, these stimuli can negatively affect gut health, impairing its functionality and contributing to gut dysbiosis. Blood redistribution to active muscles and peripheral vascularization exist during exercise and HA stimulus, promoting intestinal ischemia. Gastrointestinal ischemia can impair intestinal permeability and aggravate systemic endotoxemia in athletes during exercise. Systemic endotoxemia elevates the immune system as an inflammatory responses in athletes, impairing their adaptive capacity to exercise and their HA tolerance. Better gut microbiota health could benefit exercise performance and heat tolerance in athletes. This article suggests that: (1) the intestinal modifications induced by heat stress (HS), leading to dysbiosis and altered intestinal permeability in athletes, can decrease health, and (2) a previously acquired microbial dysbiosis and/or leaky gut condition in the athlete can negatively exacerbate the systemic effects of HA. Maintaining or improving the healthy gut microbiota in athletes can positively regulate the intestinal permeability, reduce endotoxemic levels, and control the systemic inflammatory response. In conclusion, strategies based on positive daily habits (nutrition, probiotics, hydration, chronoregulation, etc.) and preventing microbial dysbiosis can minimize the potentially undesired effects of applying HA, favoring thermotolerance and performance enhancement in athletes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Cinca-Morros
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip (AMMa-LOAC) Group, Analytical Chemistry Department, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jesús Álvarez-Herms
- Physiology and Molecular Laboratory (Phymolab), 40170 Collado Hermoso, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu D, Cheng M, Yi X, Xia G, Liu Z, Shi H, Shen X. Effects of Mactra chinenesis Peptides on Alcohol-Induced Acute Liver Injury and Intestinal Flora in Mice. Foods 2024; 13:1431. [PMID: 38790731 PMCID: PMC11119424 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Food-borne bioactive peptides have shown promise in preventing and mitigating alcohol-induced liver injury. This study was the first to assess the novel properties of Mactra chinenesis peptides (MCPs) in mitigating acute alcoholic liver injury in mice, and further elucidated the underlying mechanisms associated with this effect. The results showed that MCPs can improve lipid metabolism by modulating the AMPK signaling pathway, decreasing fatty acid synthase activity, and increasing carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a activity. Meanwhile, MCPs ameliorate inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB activation, leading to reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β). Additionally, a 16S rDNA sequencing analysis revealed that MCPs can restore the balance of gut microbiota and increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. These findings suggest that supplementation of MCPs could attenuate alcohol intake-induced acute liver injury, and, thus, may be utilized as a functional dietary supplement for the successful treatment and prevention of acute liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (D.W.); (M.C.); (X.Y.); (G.X.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (D.W.); (M.C.); (X.Y.); (G.X.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiangzhou Yi
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (D.W.); (M.C.); (X.Y.); (G.X.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Guanghua Xia
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (D.W.); (M.C.); (X.Y.); (G.X.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (D.W.); (M.C.); (X.Y.); (G.X.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Haohao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xuanri Shen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (D.W.); (M.C.); (X.Y.); (G.X.); (Z.L.)
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Luyao X, Wenhai G, Jiaying D, Ya C, Yun C, Wei L, Jiean X, Wen S, Xiaodong Z, Changjun W, Hongzhi Y, Jinwen X, Yaxing Z. Hydrogen gas alleviates acute ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice via modulating TLR4/9 innate immune signaling and pyroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111399. [PMID: 38142641 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which is induced by chronic heavy alcohol consumption, accompanies complicated pathological mechanisms, including oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death, epigenetic changes and acetaldehyde-mediated toxicity. Hydrogen (H2) is the lightest gas with multiple biological effects such as high selective anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis. However, the dose effects and innate immune mechanisms of intraperitoneal injection of H2 on ALD are limited. Here, we used acute ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity mice models to estimate the actions of intraperitoneal injection of H2 on ALD. The effects of H2 on acute ethanol-induced liver damage were examined by hepatic oil red O staining, quantitative PCR (qPCR) for lipid metabolic genes, hepatic triglyceride (TG) and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. Hepatic mitochondrial superoxide (MitoSOX), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels were examined to evaluate oxidative stress. Immunoblot, and immunofluorescence staining were used to further confirm the innate immune molecular targets of H2. Our results showed that intraperitoneal injection of H2 improved acute ethanol-induced liver injury in mice in a dose dependent manner, as indicated by decreasing serum ALT and AST levels, hepatic TG levels, and increasing lipid export genes (Mttp and Apob) mRNA levels and reducing fatty acid uptake gene (CD36) mRNA levels. Mechanistically, H2 inhibited hepatic oxidative stress as indicated by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), 3-NT, and MDA levels in the liver, while increasing hepatic GSH levels; inhibited the overactived TLR4/9-NF-κB-TNF-α/IL-1β/IL-18 innate immune signaling; suppressed the canonical Caspase-1-GSDMD pyroptosis signaling, and the non-canonical pyroptosis signaling, such as Caspase-11-GSDMD, Caspase-8-GSDMD and Caspase-3-GSDME signaling. Therefore, our study highlights that intraperitoneal injection of H2 may represent a novel therapeutic and safe strategy for ALD via modulating oxidative stress, innate immunity and pyroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Luyao
- Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guo Wenhai
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatric Institute), Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Dai Jiaying
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cheng Ya
- Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chen Yun
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liu Wei
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xu Jiean
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Su Wen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhang Xiaodong
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wang Changjun
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatric Institute), Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yang Hongzhi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China.
| | - Xu Jinwen
- Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhang Yaxing
- Research Centre of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun T, Xiao S, Wang M, Xie Q, Zhang L, Gong M, Zhang D, Zhou C. Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Nanozymes: Emerging Therapeutics for Acute Liver Injury Alleviation. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7901-7922. [PMID: 38148856 PMCID: PMC10750792 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s435544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury (AIL), a fatal clinical disease featured with a swift deterioration of hepatocyte functions in the short term, has emerged as a serious public health issues that warrants attention. However, the effectiveness of existing small molecular antioxidants and anti-inflammatory medications in alleviating AIL remains uncertain. The unique inherent structural characteristics of liver confer it a natural propensity for nanoparticle capture, which present an opportunity to exploit in the formulation of nanoscale therapeutic agents, enabling their selective accumulation in the liver and thereby facilitating targeted therapeutic interventions. Significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and inflammation response have been evidenced to play crucial roles in occurrence and development of AIL. Nanozymes with ROS-scavenging capacities have demonstrated considerable promise in ROS elimination and inflammation regulation, thereby offering an appealing therapeutic instrument for the management of acute liver injury. In this review, the mechanisms of different type of ALI were summarized. In addition, we provide a comprehensive summary and review of the available ROS-scavenging nanozymes, including transition metal-based nanozymes, noble metal nanozymes, carbon-based nanozymes, and some other nanozymes. Furthermore, the challenges still need to be solved in the field of ROS-scavenging nanozymes for ALI alleviation are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shilin Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Xie
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingfu Gong
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
İlhan AO, Can B, Kar F, Gündoğdu AÇ, Söğüt İ, Kanbak G. An Investigation into the Protective Effects of Various Doses of Boric Acid on Liver, Kidney, and Brain Tissue Damage Caused by High Levels of Acute Alcohol Consumption. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5346-5357. [PMID: 37219712 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Acute high-dose alcohol consumption can lead to oxidative stress, which can cause harm to organs. In this study we aim to determine whether administering boric acid (BA) can protect certain organs (liver, kidney, and brain) from the damaging effects of alcohol by reducing oxidative stress. We used 50 and 100 mg/kg of BA. Thirty-two Sprague Dawley (12-14-week-old) male rats in our study were separated into four groups (n=8); control, ethanol, ethanol+50 mg/kg BA, and ethanol+100 mg/kg BA groups. Acute ethanol was given to rats by gavage at 8 g/kg. BA doses were given by gavage 30 min before ethanol administration. Alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) measurements were made in blood samples. The total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), OSI (oxidative stress index) (TOS/TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured to determine the oxidative stress induced by high-dose acute ethanol in the liver, kidney, and brain tissue, and the antioxidant effects of BA doses. According to our biochemical results, acute high-dose ethanol increases oxidative stress in liver, kidney, and brain tissues, while BA reduces the damage in tissues with its antioxidant effect. For the histopathological examinations, hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed. As a result, we found that the effect of alcohol-induced oxidative stress on liver, kidney, and brain tissues was different, and that giving boric acid reduces the increased oxidative stress in tissues due to its antioxidant effect. It was found that 100mg/kg BA administration had a higher antioxidant effect than in the 50mg/kg group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Oğlakçı İlhan
- Eldivan Vocational School of Health Services, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey.
| | - Betül Can
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fatih Kar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Çakır Gündoğdu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Söğüt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Demiroğlu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Güngör Kanbak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin CY, Omoscharka E, Liu Y, Cheng K. Establishment of a Rat Model of Alcoholic Liver Fibrosis with Simulated Human Drinking Patterns and Low-Dose Chemical Stimulation. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1293. [PMID: 37759693 PMCID: PMC10526499 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although alcohol is a well-known causal factor associated with liver diseases, challenges remain in inducing liver fibrosis in experimental rodent models. These challenges include rodents' natural aversion to high concentrations of alcohol, rapid alcohol metabolism, the need for a prolonged duration of alcohol administration, and technical difficulties. Therefore, it is crucial to establish an experimental model that can replicate the features of alcoholic liver fibrosis. The objective of this study was to develop a feasible rat model of alcoholic liver fibrosis that emulates human drinking patterns and combines low-dose chemicals within a relatively short time frame. We successfully developed an 8-week rat model of alcoholic liver fibrosis that mimics chronic and heavy drinking patterns. Rats were fed with a control liquid diet, an alcohol liquid diet, or alcohol liquid diet combined with multiple binges via oral gavage. To accelerate the progression of alcoholic liver fibrosis, we introduced low-dose carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) through intraperitoneal injection. This model allows researchers to efficiently evaluate potential therapeutics in preclinical studies of alcoholic liver fibrosis within a reasonable time frame.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Evanthia Omoscharka
- Department of Pathology, University Health/Truman Medical Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2301 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Yanli Liu
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Kun Cheng
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Deshmukh K, Apte U. The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Liver Regeneration. Semin Liver Dis 2023; 43:279-292. [PMID: 37451282 PMCID: PMC10942737 DOI: 10.1055/a-2129-8977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to hepatotoxic chemicals is involved in liver disease-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. The liver responds to damage by triggering compensatory hepatic regeneration. Physical agent or chemical-induced liver damage disrupts hepatocyte proteostasis, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis. Post-liver injury ER experiences a homeostatic imbalance, followed by active ER stress response signaling. Activated ER stress response causes selective upregulation of stress response genes and downregulation of many hepatocyte genes. Acetaminophen overdose, carbon tetrachloride, acute and chronic alcohol exposure, and physical injury activate the ER stress response, but details about the cellular consequences of the ER stress response on liver regeneration remain unclear. The current data indicate that inhibiting the ER stress response after partial hepatectomy-induced liver damage promotes liver regeneration, whereas inhibiting the ER stress response after chemical-induced hepatotoxicity impairs liver regeneration. This review summarizes key findings and emphasizes the knowledge gaps in the role of ER stress in injury and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Deshmukh
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Udayan Apte
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen F, Schönberger K, Tchorz JS. Distinct hepatocyte identities in liver homeostasis and regeneration. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100779. [PMID: 37456678 PMCID: PMC10339260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of metabolic liver zonation is spontaneously established by assigning distributed tasks to hepatocytes along the porto-central blood flow. Hepatocytes fulfil critical metabolic functions, while also maintaining hepatocyte mass by replication when needed. Recent technological advances have enabled us to fine-tune our understanding of hepatocyte identity during homeostasis and regeneration. Subsets of hepatocytes have been identified to be more regenerative and some have even been proposed to function like stem cells, challenging the long-standing view that all hepatocytes are similarly capable of regeneration. The latest data show that hepatocyte renewal during homeostasis and regeneration after liver injury is not limited to rare hepatocytes; however, hepatocytes are not exactly the same. Herein, we review the known differences that give individual hepatocytes distinct identities, recent findings demonstrating how these distinct identities correspond to differences in hepatocyte regenerative capacity, and how the plasticity of hepatocyte identity allows for division of labour among hepatocytes. We further discuss how these distinct hepatocyte identities may play a role during liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Jan S. Tchorz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nonoguchi HA, Jin M, Narreddy R, Kouo TWS, Nayak M, Trenet W, Mandyam CD. Progenitor Cells Play a Role in Reinstatement of Ethanol Seeking in Adult Male and Female Ethanol Dependent Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12233. [PMID: 37569609 PMCID: PMC10419311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Female and male glial fibrillary acidic protein-thymidine kinase (GFAP-TK) transgenic rats were made ethanol dependent via a six-week chronic intermittent ethanol vapor (CIE) and ethanol drinking (ED) procedure. During the last week of CIE, a subset of male and female TK rats was fed valcyte to ablate dividing progenitor cells and continued the diet until the end of this study. Following week six, all CIE rats experienced two weeks of forced abstinence from CIE-ED, after which they experienced relapse to drinking, extinction, and reinstatement of ethanol seeking sessions. CIE increased ED in female and male rats, with females having higher ethanol consumption during CIE and relapse sessions compared with males. In both sexes, valcyte reduced the levels of Ki-67-labeled progenitor cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus and did not alter the levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Valcyte increased ED during relapse, increased lever responses during extinction and, interestingly, enhanced latency to extinguish ethanol-seeking behaviors in males. Valcyte reduced the reinstatement of ethanol-seeking behaviors triggered by ethanol cues in females and males. Reduced seeking by valcyte was associated with the normalization of cytokines and chemokines in plasma isolated from trunk blood, indicating a role for progenitor cells in peripheral inflammatory responses. Reduced seeking by valcyte was associated with increases in tight junction protein claudin-5 and oligodendrogenesis in the dentate gyrus and reduction in microglial activity in the dentate gyrus and mPFC in females and males, demonstrating a role for progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus in dependence-induced endothelial and microglial dysfunction. These data suggest that progenitor cells born during withdrawal and abstinence from CIE in the dentate gyrus are aberrant and could play a role in strengthening ethanol memories triggered by ethanol cues via central and peripheral immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Jin
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | | | | | | | - Wulfran Trenet
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Chitra D. Mandyam
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yeh YT, Wu X, Ma Y, Ying Z, He L, Xue B, Shi H, Choi Y, Yu L. Single ethanol binge causes severe liver injury in mice fed Western diet. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e00174. [PMID: 37314747 PMCID: PMC10270551 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and NAFLD often coexist in Western societies that consume energy-rich and cholesterol-containing Western diets. Increased rates of ALD mortality in young people in these societies are likely attributable to binge drinking. It is largely unknown how alcohol binge causes liver damage in the setting of Western diets. APPROACH AND RESULTS In this study, we showed that a single ethanol binge (5 g/kg body weight) induced severe liver injury as shown by marked increases in serum activities of the 2 aminotransferases AST and ALT in C57BL/6J mice that have been fed a Western diet for 3 weeks. The Western diet plus binge ethanol-fed mice also displayed severe lipid droplet deposition and high contents of triglycerides and cholesterol in the liver, which were associated with increased lipogenic and reduced fatty acid oxidative gene expression. These animals had the highest Cxcl1 mRNA expression and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive neutrophils in the liver. Their hepatic ROS and lipid peroxidation were the highest, but their hepatic levels of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation proteins remained largely unaltered. Hepatic levels of several ER stress markers, including mRNAs for CHOP, ERO1A, ERO1B, BIM, and BIP, as well as Xbp1 splicing and proteins for BIP/GRP78 and IRE-α were also the highest in these animals. Interestingly, Western diet feeding for 3 weeks or ethanol binge dramatically increased hepatic caspase 3 cleavage, and the combination of the 2 did not further increase it. Thus, we successfully established a murine model of acute liver injury by mimicking human diets and binge drinking. CONCLUSIONS This simple Western diet plus single ethanol binge model recapitulates major hepatic phenotypes of ALD, including steatosis and steatohepatitis characterized by neutrophil infiltration, oxidative stress, and ER stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Te Yeh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiangdong Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yinyan Ma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhekang Ying
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore Street, Maryland, USA
| | - Ling He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bingzhong Xue
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore Street, Maryland, USA
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore Street, Maryland, USA
| | - Youngshim Choi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Liqing Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu R, Hao YT, Zhu N, Liu XR, Mao RX, Kang JW, Hou C, Zhang T, Li Y. Walnut ( Juglans regia L.) Oligopeptides Alleviate Alcohol-Induced Acute Liver Injury through the Inhibition of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:2210. [PMID: 37432394 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was aimed at investigating the effects of walnut oligopeptides (WOPs) on alcohol-induced acute liver injury and its underlying mechanisms. Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to six groups: normal control, alcohol control, whey protein (440 mg/kg.bw), and three WOPs (220 mg/kg.bw, 440 mg/kg.bw, 880 mg/kg.bw) groups. After 30 days of gavage, ethanol with a volume fraction of 50%, administered at a dose of 7 g/kg.bw., caused acute liver injury. A righting reflex experiment and a blood ethanol concentration evaluation were then performed. Serum biochemical parameters, inflammatory cytokines, liver alcohol metabolism enzymes, oxidative stress biomarkers, liver nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB p65), and cytochrome P4502E1 expression were determined. The results revealed that the intervention of 440 mg/kg and 880 mg/kg WOPs could alleviate the degree of intoxication, decrease blood ethanol concentration, alleviate alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis, enhance the activity of hepatic ethanol metabolizing enzymes and antioxidant capacity, reduce lipid oxidation products and pro-inflammatory factor contents, and inhibit the expression of NF-κBp65 in the livers of rats. The outcomes of the study suggest that WOPs have beneficial effects on liver damage caused by acute ethanol binge drinking, with the high-dose WOPs (880 mg/kg.bw) exerting the most pronounced hepatoprotective effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yun-Tao Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Na Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China
| | - Xin-Ran Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Rui-Xue Mao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jia-Wei Kang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chao Hou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Souza ABDS, De Souza JN, Oliveira CDL, Barreto NMPV, Costa WA, Oliveira RR, Teixeira MCA, Soares NM. Modulation of circulating cytokine production in alcoholic patients infected with Strongyloides stercoralis. Parasite Immunol 2023; 45:e12977. [PMID: 36883337 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Strongyloidiasis control is associated with a Th2 immune response. However, alcohol ingestion plays an important role in modulating the immune system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the occurrence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in alcoholic patients, the levels of circulating cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-15 and IL-17), and its correlation with modulation of parasitic load in alcoholic individuals infected with S. stercoralis. A total of 336 alcoholic patients, treated at the Alcoholic Care and Treatment Center were included in this study. The cytokine levels were measured by a commercial ELISA in 80 sera divided into four groups with 20 individuals each: alcoholics infected (ASs+) and not infected (ASs-) with S. stercoralis and non-alcoholics infected (NASs+) and not infected (NASs-) with the helminth. S. stercoralis frequency in alcoholic patients was 16.1% (54/336). The parasitic load varied from 1 to 546 larvae/g of faeces, median and interquartile range (IQR) of 9 and 1.0-62.5 larvae/g of faeces, while in non-alcoholic individuals the parasitic load was less than 10 larvae/g of faeces. Levels of circulating IL-4 were significantly higher in ASs+ when compared with NASs- group (p < .05). An inverse correlation between serum levels of IFN-γ and parasitic load in alcoholic patients infected with S. stercoralis was observed (r = -601; p < 0.01). These results suggest that modulation of IFN-γ production occurs in alcoholic individuals with high parasitic burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo Riccio Oliveira
- Laboratório de Patologia Experimental, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Neci Matos Soares
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Qi X, Sun X, Wang M, Wang M, Qi Z, Cui C. Ginseng polysaccharides ameliorate abnormal lipid metabolism caused by acute alcoholic liver injury by promoting autophagy. FOOD FRONTIERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education Yanbian University Yanji China
| | - Xihan Sun
- Food Science and Engineering, Agricultural College Yanbian University Yanji China
| | - Muyao Wang
- Food Processing and Safety, Agricultural College Yanbian University Yanji China
| | - Mei Wang
- Dalian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Dalian China
| | - Zhanwen Qi
- Yanbian Han Gongfang Health Products Co., Ltd. Yanji China
| | - Chengbi Cui
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education Yanbian University Yanji China
- Food Science and Engineering, Agricultural College Yanbian University Yanji China
- Food Processing and Safety, Agricultural College Yanbian University Yanji China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Di Tommaso N, Santopaolo F, Gasbarrini A, Ponziani FR. The Gut-Vascular Barrier as a New Protagonist in Intestinal and Extraintestinal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021470. [PMID: 36674986 PMCID: PMC9864173 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal barrier, with its multiple layers, is the first line of defense between the outside world and the intestine. Its disruption, resulting in increased intestinal permeability, is a recognized pathogenic factor of intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. The identification of a gut-vascular barrier (GVB), consisting of a structured endothelium below the epithelial layer, has led to new evidence on the etiology and management of diseases of the gut-liver axis and the gut-brain axis, with recent implications in oncology as well. The gut-brain axis is involved in several neuroinflammatory processes. In particular, the recent description of a choroid plexus vascular barrier regulating brain permeability under conditions of gut inflammation identifies the endothelium as a key regulator in maintaining tissue homeostasis and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Di Tommaso
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Santopaolo
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Translational Medicine and Surgery Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Ponziani
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Translational Medicine and Surgery Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mishra AK, Pandey M, Dewangan HK, Sl N, Sahoo PK. A Comprehensive Review on Liver Targeting: Emphasis on Nanotechnology- based Molecular Targets and Receptors Mediated Approaches. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:1381-1405. [PMID: 36065923 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220906091432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of hepatic diseases involves several cells, which complicates the delivery of pharmaceutical agents. Many severe liver diseases affecting the worldwide population cannot be effectively treated. Major hindrances or challenges are natural physiological barriers and non-specific targeting of drugs administered, leading to inefficient treatment. Hence, there is an earnest need to look for novel therapeutic strategies to overcome these hindrances. A kind of literature has reported that drug safety and efficacy are incredibly raised when a drug is incorporated inside or attached to a polymeric material of either hydrophilic or lipophilic nature. This has driven the dynamic investigation for developing novel biodegradable materials, drug delivery carriers, target-specific drug delivery systems, and many other novel approaches. OBJECTIVE Present review is devoted to summarizing receptor-based liver cell targeting using different modified novel synthetic drug delivery carriers. It also highlights recent progress in drug targeting to diseased liver mediated by various receptors, including asialoglycoprotein, mannose and galactose receptor, Fc receptor, low-density lipoprotein, glycyrrhetinic, and bile acid receptor. The essential consideration is given to treating liver cancer targeting using nanoparticulate systems, proteins, viral and non-viral vectors, homing peptides and gene delivery. CONCLUSION Receptors based targeting approach is one such approach that was explored by researchers to develop novel formulations which can ensure site-specific drug delivery. Several receptors are on the surfaces of liver cells, which are highly overexpressed in various disease conditions. They all are helpful for the treatment of liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Kumar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector 3, MB Road Pushp Vihar, Delhi 110017, India
| | - Mukesh Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector 3, MB Road Pushp Vihar, Delhi 110017, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar Dewangan
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University NH-05, Chandigarh Ludhiana Highway, Mohali Punjab, Pin: 160101, India
| | - Neha Sl
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector 3, MB Road Pushp Vihar, Delhi 110017, India
| | - Pravat Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector 3, MB Road Pushp Vihar, Delhi 110017, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Arumugam MK, Chava S, Perumal SK, Paal MC, Rasineni K, Ganesan M, Donohue TM, Osna NA, Kharbanda KK. Acute ethanol-induced liver injury is prevented by betaine administration. Front Physiol 2022; 13:940148. [PMID: 36267591 PMCID: PMC9577233 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.940148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking is the most common form of excessive alcohol use. Repeated episodes of binge drinking cause multiple organ injuries, including liver damage. We previously demonstrated that chronic ethanol administration causes a decline in the intrahepatic ratio of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). This decline causes impairments in essential methylation reactions that result in alcohol-induced fatty liver (steatosis) and other features of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Co-treatment with betaine during chronic ethanol feeding, normalizes hepatocellular SAM:SAH ratio and alleviates many features of liver damage including steatosis. Here, we sought to examine whether betaine treatment similarly protects against liver injury in an alcohol binge-drinking model. We hypothesized that ethanol binge with prior or simultaneous betaine administration would prevent or attenuate acute alcohol-induced liver damage. Male C57Bl/6 mice were gavaged twice, 12 h apart, with either 6 g ethanol/kg BW or with an equal volume/kg BW of 0.9% NaCl. Two separate groups of mice (n = 5/group) were gavaged with 4 g betaine/kg BW, either 2 h before or simultaneously with the ethanol or saline gavages. All mice were sacrificed 8 h after the last gavage and serum and liver parameters were quantified. Ethanol binges caused a 50% decrease in hepatic SAM:SAH ratio and a >3-fold rise in liver triglycerides (p ≤ 0.05). These latter changes were accompanied by elevated serum AST and ALT activities and blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) that were ∼three-times higher than the legal limit of intoxication in humans. Mice that were treated with betaine 2 h before or simultaneously with the ethanol binges exhibited similar BAC as in mice given ethanol-alone. Both betaine treatments significantly elevated hepatic SAM levels thereby normalizing the SAM:SAH ratio and attenuating hepatic steatosis and other injury parameters, compared with mice given ethanol alone. Simultaneous betaine co-administration with ethanol was more effective in preventing or attenuating liver injury than betaine given before ethanol gavage. Our findings confirm the potential therapeutic value of betaine administration in preventing liver injury after binge drinking in an animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madan Kumar Arumugam
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Srinivas Chava
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sathish Kumar Perumal
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Matthew C. Paal
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Karuna Rasineni
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Terrence M. Donohue
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Natalia A. Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Kusum K. Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhu Q, Zhuo H, Yang L, Ouyang H, Chen J, Liu B, Huang H. A Peptide HEPFYGNEGALR from Apostichopus japonicus Alleviates Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury by Enhancing Antioxidant Response in Male C57BL/6J Mice. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185839. [PMID: 36144575 PMCID: PMC9503860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver-related disease caused by alcohol is a frequent disorder of the hepatic tract. Heavy consumption of alcohol in a short period causes oxidative damage to the liver. Sea cucumber is abundant in nutrients and its various extracts have been studied for antioxidant properties. One peptide was isolated and identified from Apostichopus japonicus in our recent study. We investigated the benefits of the peptide in a model of acute ethanol-induced male C57BL/6J mice. Dietary intake of the peptide could attenuate hepatomegaly, hepatitis and the accumulation of lipid droplets, and increase antioxidant enzyme activities in mice with acute alcoholic liver injury. The results indicated that a 20 mg/kg peptide supplement could activate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and block the nuclear translocation of NF-κB to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation. In addition, the preventive effects of peptide supplementation may be related to autophagy. This study suggests that dietary supplementation with a sea cucumber-derived peptide is one of the potential candidates to alleviate acute alcoholic liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huiling Zhuo
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lamei Yang
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haohong Ouyang
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.H.); Tel.: +86-135-8058-5585 (B.L.); +86-135-7090-8699 (H.H.)
| | - Hongliang Huang
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.H.); Tel.: +86-135-8058-5585 (B.L.); +86-135-7090-8699 (H.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Guo L, Guan Q, Duan W, Ren Y, Zhang XJ, Xu HY, Shi JS, Wang FZ, Lu R, Zhang HL, Xu ZH, Li H, Geng Y. Dietary Goji Shapes the Gut Microbiota to Prevent the Liver Injury Induced by Acute Alcohol Intake. Front Nutr 2022; 9:929776. [PMID: 35898713 PMCID: PMC9309278 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.929776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a major driver of the structure and function of the gut microbiota, which influences the host physiology. Alcohol abuse can induce liver disease and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Here, we aim to elucidate whether the well-known traditional health food Goji berry targets gut microbiota to prevent liver injury induced by acute alcohol intake. The results showed that Goji supplementation for 14 days alleviated acute liver injury as indicated by lowering serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as lipopolysaccharide content in the liver tissue. Goji maintained the integrity of the epithelial barrier and increased the levels of butyric acid in cecum contents. Furthermore, we established the causal relationship between gut microbiota and liver protection effects of Goji with the help of antibiotics treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments. Both Goji and FMT-Goji increased glutathione (GSH) in the liver and selectively enriched the butyric acid-producing gut bacterium Akkermansia and Ruminococcaceae by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Metabolomics analysis of cecum samples revealed that Goji and its trained microbiota could regulate retinoyl β-glucuronide, vanillic acid, and increase the level of glutamate and pyroglutamic acid, which are involved in GSH metabolism. Our study highlights the communication among Goji, gut microbiota, and liver homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qijie Guan
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenhui Duan
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yilin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hong-Yu Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | | | - Ran Lu
- Ningxia Red Power Goji Co., Ltd, Zhongwei, China
| | - Hui-Ling Zhang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory for Food Microbial-Applications Technology and Safety Control, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Huazhong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Huazhong Li
| | - Yan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Yan Geng
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Park SH, Lee YS, Sim J, Seo S, Seo W. Alcoholic liver disease: a new insight into the pathogenesis of liver disease. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:447-459. [PMID: 35761115 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption contributes to a broad clinical spectrum of liver diseases, from simple steatosis to end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. The liver is the primary organ that metabolizes ingested alcohol and is exquisitely sensitive to alcohol intake. Alcohol metabolism is classified into two pathways: oxidative and non-oxidative alcohol metabolism. Both oxidative and non-oxidative alcohol metabolisms and their metabolites have toxic consequences for multiple organs, including the liver, adipose tissue, intestine, and pancreas. Although many studies have focused on the effects of oxidative alcohol metabolites on liver damage, the importance of non-oxidative alcohol metabolites in cellular damage has also been discovered. Furthermore, extrahepatic alcohol effects are crucial for providing additional information necessary for the progression of alcoholic liver disease. Therefore, studying the effects of alcohol-producing metabolites and interorgan crosstalk between the liver and peripheral organs that express ethanol-metabolizing enzymes will facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. This review focuses on alcohol-metabolite-associated hepatotoxicity due to oxidative and non-oxidative alcohol metabolites and the role of interorgan crosstalk in alcoholic liver disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seol Hee Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Sim
- Lab of Hepatotoxicity, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, #52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03765, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonkyung Seo
- Lab of Hepatotoxicity, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, #52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03765, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhyo Seo
- Lab of Hepatotoxicity, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, #52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03765, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nie W, Xu F, Zhou K, Yang X, Zhou H, Xu B. Stearic acid prevent alcohol-induced liver damage by regulating the gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2022; 155:111095. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
26
|
Fan H, Tu T, Zhang X, Yang Q, Liu G, Zhang T, Bao Y, Lu Y, Dong Z, Dong J, Zhao P. Sinomenine attenuates alcohol-induced acute liver injury via inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 159:112759. [PMID: 34883223 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Tingting Tu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Qiankun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Tianmeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yu Bao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yuhe Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Zibo Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
NADH and NRH as potential dietary supplements or pharmacological agents for early liver injury caused by acute alcohol exposure. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
28
|
Zhao L, Mehmood A, Soliman MM, Iftikhar A, Iftikhar M, Aboelenin SM, Wang C. Protective Effects of Ellagic Acid Against Alcoholic Liver Disease in Mice. Front Nutr 2021; 8:744520. [PMID: 34595202 PMCID: PMC8478122 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.744520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid, a natural polyphenolic compound commonly present in vegetables, fruits, nuts, and other edible plants, exerts many pharmacological activities. The present project was designed to explore the hepatoprotective effect of ellagic acid against alcohol-induced liver disease (ALD) and the correlation among alcohol, oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota. Fifty percent (v/v) alcohol (10 mL/kg bw daily) was orally administrated for 4 weeks in mice along with ellagic acid (50 and 100 mg/kg bw). Alcohol administration significantly (p < 0.05) increased the activities of alanine aminotransferase and serum aspartate aminotransferase, levels of triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, free fatty acid, and total cholesterol, and decreased contents of the high-density lipoprotein in model group compared with the control group, which were further improved by ellagic acid (50 or 100 mg/kg bw). Furthermore, daily supplementation of ellagic acid alleviated hepatic antioxidant activities (glutathione peroxidase, catalase, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione), proinflammatory cytokines levels (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), genes expressions (Tlr4, Myd88, Cd14, Cox2, Nos2, and Nfκb1), and histopathological features in alcohol-induced liver injured mice. Additionally, results also revealed that ellagic acid supplementation improved alcohol-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis. In conclusion, ellagic acid mitigated oxidative stress, inflammatory response, steatosis, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in ALD mice. Our results suggested that ellagic acid could be applied as an ideal dietary therapy against ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asra Iftikhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Iftikhar
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yan J, Nie Y, Luo M, Chen Z, He B. Natural Compounds: A Potential Treatment for Alcoholic Liver Disease? Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:694475. [PMID: 34290612 PMCID: PMC8287649 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.694475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol intake is a direct cause of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). ALD usually manifests as fatty liver in the initial stage and then develops into alcoholic hepatitis (ASH), fibrosis and cirrhosis. Severe alcoholism induces extensive hepatocyte death, liver failure, and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Currently, there are few effective clinical means to treat ALD, except for abstinence. Natural compounds are a class of compounds extracted from herbs with an explicit chemical structure. Several natural compounds, such as silymarin, quercetin, hesperidin, and berberine, have been shown to have curative effects on ALD without side effects. In this review, we pay particular attention to natural compounds and developing clinical drugs based on natural compounds for ALD, with the aim of providing a potential treatment for ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junbin Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunmeng Nie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minmin Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beihui He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Skinner RC, Hagaman JA. The interplay of Western diet and binge drinking on the onset, progression, and outlook of liver disease. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:503-512. [PMID: 33969426 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease, the two most prevalent liver diseases worldwide, share a common pathology but have largely been considered disparate diseases. Liver diseases are widely underestimated, but their prevalence is increasing worldwide. The Western diet (high-fat, high-sugar) and binge drinking (rapid consumption of alcohol in a short period of time) are two highly prevalent features of standard life in the United States, and both are linked to the development and progression of liver disease. Yet, few studies have been conducted to elucidate their potential interactions. Data shows binge drinking is on the rise in several age groups, and poor dietary trends continue to be prevalent. This review serves to summarize the sparse findings on the hepatic consequences of the combination of binge drinking and consuming a Western diet, while also drawing conclusions on potential future impacts. The data suggest the potential for a looming liver disease epidemic, indicating that more research on its progression as well as its prevention is needed on this critical topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Chris Skinner
- R. C. Skinner and J. A. Hagaman are with the Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of the Ozarks, Clarksville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Joel A Hagaman
- R. C. Skinner and J. A. Hagaman are with the Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of the Ozarks, Clarksville, Arkansas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kim W, Jeong HS, Kim SC, Choi CH, Lee KH. Chronic Alcohol Exposure of Cells Using Controlled Alcohol-Releasing Capillaries. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051120. [PMID: 34066517 PMCID: PMC8148542 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is one of the main causes of liver diseases such as fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. To reproduce the conditions of alcohol-induced liver diseases and to identify the disease-causing mechanisms at the cellular level, several methods have been used to expose the cells to ethanol. As ethanol evaporates easily, it is difficult to mimic chronic alcohol exposure conditions at the cellular level. In this study, we developed a glass capillary system containing ethanol, which could steadily release ethanol from the polyethylene tubing and hydrogel portion at both sides of the capillary. The ethanol-containing capillary could release ethanol in the cell culture medium for up to 144 h, and the concentration of ethanol in the cell culture medium could be adjusted by controlling the number of capillaries. A long-term exposure to ethanol by the capillary system led to an increased toxicity of cells and altered the cellular physiologies, such as increasing the lipid accumulation and hepatic transaminase release in cells, as compared to the traditional direct ethanol addition method. Ethanol capillaries showed different gene expression patterns of lipid accumulation- or chronic alcoholism-related genes. Our results suggest that our ethanol-containing capillary system can be used as a valuable tool for studying the mechanism of chronic alcohol-mediated hepatic diseases at the cellular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanil Kim
- Division of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Daegu Haany University, Hanuidae-ro 1, Gyeongsan-si 38610, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (W.K.); (H.-S.J.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hye-Seon Jeong
- Division of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Daegu Haany University, Hanuidae-ro 1, Gyeongsan-si 38610, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (W.K.); (H.-S.J.)
| | - Sang-Chan Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Hanuidae-ro 1, Gyeongsan-si 38610, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea;
| | - Chang-Hyung Choi
- Division of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Daegu Haany University, Hanuidae-ro 1, Gyeongsan-si 38610, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (W.K.); (H.-S.J.)
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (K.-H.L.)
| | - Kyung-Ha Lee
- Division of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Daegu Haany University, Hanuidae-ro 1, Gyeongsan-si 38610, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea; (W.K.); (H.-S.J.)
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (K.-H.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang J, Zhao H, Lv K, Zhao W, Zhang N, Yang F, Wen X, Jiang X, Tian J, Liu X, Ho CT, Li S. Pterostilbene Ameliorates DSS-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Loss in Mice via Suppression of the NF-κB-Mediated MLCK-MLC Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:3871-3878. [PMID: 33759516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The integrity of the intestinal barrier is critical for homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of pterostilbene (PTE) on the intestinal epithelium barrier. In vitro results of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in Caco-2 cells indicated that PTE counteracted tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-induced barrier damage. In vivo PTE pretreatment markedly ameliorated intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Notably, intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) molecules were restored by PTE in mice exposed to DSS. The mechanism study revealed that PTE prevented myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) from driving phosphorylation of MLC (p-MLC), which is crucial for maintaining intestinal TJ stability. Furthermore, PTE blunted translocation of NF-κB subunit p65 into the nucleus to downregulate MLCK expression and then to safeguard TJs and barrier integrity. These findings suggest that PTE protected the intestinal epithelial barrier through the NF-κB- MLCK/p-MLC signal pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Ke Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of EFGIR, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei 438000, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Department of Histololgy and Embrylolgy, School of Basic Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Jingrui Tian
- Department of Histololgy and Embrylolgy, School of Basic Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian Xincheng, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Xinjuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing100024, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Shiming Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of EFGIR, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei 438000, China
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Ecstasy use is commonly combined with ethanol consumption. While combination drug use in general is correlated with a higher risk for toxicity, the risk of the specific combination of ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)) and ethanol is largely unknown. Therefore, we have reviewed the literature on changes in MDMA pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics due to concurrent ethanol exposure in human, animal and in vitro studies. MDMA pharmacokinetics appear unaffected: the MDMA blood concentration after concurrent exposure to MDMA and ethanol was comparable to lone MDMA exposure in multiple human placebo-controlled studies. In contrast, MDMA pharmacodynamics were affected: locomotor activity increased and body temperature decreased after concurrent exposure to MDMA and ethanol compared to lone MDMA exposure. Importantly, these additional ethanol effects were consistently observed in multiple animal studies. Additional ethanol effects have also been reported on other pharmacodynamic aspects, but are inconclusive due to a low number of studies or due to inconsistent findings. These investigated pharmacodynamic aspects include monoamine brain concentrations, neurological (psychomotor function, memory, anxiety, reinforcing properties), cardiovascular, liver and endocrine effects. Although only a single or a few studies were available investigating these aspects, most studies indicated an aggravation of MDMA-induced effects upon concurrent ethanol exposure. In summary, concurrent ethanol exposure appears to increase the risk for MDMA toxicity. Increased toxicity is due to an aggravation of MDMA pharmacodynamics, while MDMA pharmacokinetics is largely unaffected. Although a significant attenuation of the MDMA-induced increase of body temperature was observed in animal studies, its relevance for human exposure remains unclear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eefje Vercoulen
- Department of Drug Monitoring and Policy, Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Hondebrink
- Dutch Poisons Information Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Akinloye DI, Ugbaja RN, Dosumu OA, Rahman SA, Ugwor EI, James AS, Oyesile OO, Bada MB. A time course study on dose-response relationship between alcohol exposure and its effects on lipid profile and biomarkers of tissue damage. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100927. [PMID: 33644419 PMCID: PMC7889833 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This present research investigated variations in lipid profiles and important biomarkers of tissue damage in response to graded concentrations of alcohol administration in male Wistar rats. Group A (control) received distilled water while group B, C and D received 30%, 40% and 50% (v/v) alcohol respectively. Five rats each from groups A-D were sacrificed after day(s) 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 of administration. A significant increase was observed at day 28 for serum cholesterol by 79% (group B), 78% (group C) and 47% (group D) together with serum phospholipid 58% (group B), 50% (group C) and 92% (group D). Serum triacylglycerol increased by 71% (group B), 43% (group C) and 16% (group D) at day 21, while concentration of serum albumin decreased at day 28 by 40.9% (group B), 50.2% (group C), 53.3% (group D) respectively when compared with control (group A). Serum aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase specific activities, as well as creatinine and uric acid concentration increased in a concentration-dependent manner, following alcohol administration. Though most of these effects induced by alcohol were time- and concentration-dependent, 40% alcohol appear to be more stable, giving results consistent with alcohol-induced damages, with minimal mortality. This study therefore further validated dyslipidemia and imbalance in clinical biomarkers as hallmarks of tissue damage induced by excessive alcohol consumption with an insight on the time- and concentration-response relationship between alcohol consumption and its toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorcas Ibukun Akinloye
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P.M.B 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Regina Ngozi Ugbaja
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P.M.B 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin Adebisi Dosumu
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P.M.B 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Samson Adisa Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P.M.B 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P.M.B 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Adewale Segun James
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P.M.B 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Olushola Oladapo Oyesile
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P.M.B 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Mary Bunmi Bada
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, P.M.B 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lamas-Paz A, Morán L, Peng J, Salinas B, López-Alcántara N, Sydor S, Vilchez-Vargas R, Asensio I, Hao F, Zheng K, Martín-Adrados B, Moreno L, Cogolludo A, Gómez del Moral M, Bechmann L, Martínez-Naves E, Vaquero J, Bañares R, Nevzorova YA, Cubero FJ. Intestinal Epithelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Hepatic Injury via the Gut-Liver Axis During Acute Alcohol Injury. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:603771. [PMID: 33408632 PMCID: PMC7779758 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.603771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking, i.e., heavy episodic drinking in a short time, has recently become an alarming societal problem with negative health impact. However, the harmful effects of acute alcohol injury in the gut-liver axis remain elusive. Hence, we focused on the physiological and pathological changes and the underlying mechanisms of experimental binge drinking in the context of the gut-liver axis. Eight-week-old mice with a C57BL/6 background received a single dose (p.o.) of ethanol (EtOH) [6 g/kg b.w.] as a preclinical model of acute alcohol injury. Controls received a single dose of PBS. Mice were sacrificed 8 h later. In parallel, HepaRGs and Caco-2 cells, human cell lines of differentiated hepatocytes and intestinal epithelial cells intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), respectively, were challenged in the presence or absence of EtOH [0-100 mM]. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated by ultracentrifugation from culture media of IECs were added to hepatocyte cell cultures. Increased intestinal permeability, loss of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and MUCIN-2 expression, and alterations in microbiota-increased Lactobacillus and decreased Lachnospiraceae species-were found in the large intestine of mice exposed to EtOH. Increased TUNEL-positive cells, infiltration of CD11b-positive immune cells, pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., tlr4, tnf, il1β), and markers of lipid accumulation (Oil Red O, srbep1) were evident in livers of mice exposed to EtOH, particularly in females. In vitro experiments indicated that EVs released by IECs in response to ethanol exerted a deleterious effect on hepatocyte viability and lipid accumulation. Overall, our data identified a novel mechanism responsible for driving hepatic injury in the gut-liver axis, opening novel avenues for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arantza Lamas-Paz
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Morán
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo del Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Beatriz Salinas
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo del Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédico en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria López-Alcántara
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Svenja Sydor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ramiro Vilchez-Vargas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto von Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Iris Asensio
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo del Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Network on Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fengjie Hao
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Beatriz Martín-Adrados
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Moreno
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Complutense University School of Medicine and Centre for Biomedical Research, Network on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Cogolludo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Complutense University School of Medicine and Centre for Biomedical Research, Network on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Gómez del Moral
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lars Bechmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Eduardo Martínez-Naves
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Vaquero
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo del Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Network on Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Bañares
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo del Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Network on Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yulia A. Nevzorova
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ent-Peniciherqueinone Suppresses Acetaldehyde-Induced Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress by Inducing ALDH and Suppressing MAPK Signaling. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12121229. [PMID: 33352912 PMCID: PMC7765852 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on ethanol-induced stress and acetaldehyde toxicity are actively being conducted, owing to an increase in alcohol consumption in modern society. In this study, ent-peniciherqueinone (EPQ) isolated from a Hawaiian volcanic soil-associated fungus Penicillium herquei FT729 was found to reduce the acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in PC12 cells. EPQ increased cell viability in the presence of acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. In addition, EPQ reduced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and restored acetaldehyde-mediated disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot analyses revealed that EPQ treatment increased protein levels of ROS-scavenging heme oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutase, as well as the levels of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 1, ALDH2, and ALDH3, under acetaldehyde-induced cellular stress. Finally, EPQ reduced acetaldehyde-induced phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, which are associated with ROS-induced oxidative stress. Therefore, our results demonstrated that EPQ prevents cellular oxidative stress caused by acetaldehyde and functions as a potent agent to suppress hangover symptoms and alcohol-related stress.
Collapse
|
37
|
Tao H, Guo J, Ma Y, Zhao Y, Jin T, Gu L, Dou Y, Liu J, Hu H, Xiong X, Zhang J. Luminescence Imaging of Acute Liver Injury by Biodegradable and Biocompatible Nanoprobes. ACS NANO 2020; 14:11083-11099. [PMID: 32790342 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Liver injury can result in different hepatic diseases such as fatty liver, liver fibrosis, hepatitis, and liver failure, which are mainly responsible for global mortality and morbidity. Early diagnosis is critical for the treatment of liver diseases. Herein we report luminescence imaging of neutrophil-mediated acute liver injury, including alcoholic liver injury (ALI) and acute liver failure (ALF). To this purpose, a biodegradable luminescent material was developed by chemical functionalization of a cyclic oligosaccharide, which can be produced into nanoprobes (defined as LaCD NPs). Luminescence of LaCD NPs was dependent on the level of reactive oxygen species and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Correspondingly, activated neutrophils could be specifically imaged by LaCD NPs, and the luminescent signal was positively associated with the neutrophil count. In mouse models of ALI and ALF, LaCD NPs enabled precise quantification and tracking of neutrophils in livers. In both cases, changes in the luminescence intensity are consistent with time-dependent profiles of neutrophils, MPO, and other parameters relevant to the pathogenesis of liver injury. Moreover, the luminescence imaging capacity of LaCD NPs can be additionally improved by surface functionalization with a neutrophil-targeting peptide. In addition, preliminary in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated good safety of LaCD NPs. Consequently, LaCD NPs can be further developed as an effective and biocompatible luminescent nanoprobe for in vivo dynamic detection of the development of neutrophil-mediated acute liver injury. It is also promising for diagnosis of other neutrophil-associated liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430006, China
| | - Jiawei Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yongchang Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Taotao Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lijuan Gu
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430006, China
| | - Yin Dou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jinyi Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Houyuan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430006, China
| | - Jianxiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kupffer Cells: Inflammation Pathways and Cell-Cell Interactions in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:2185-2193. [PMID: 32919978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronic alcohol consumption is linked to the development of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). This disease is characterized by a clinical spectrum ranging from steatosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. Several cell types are involved in ALD progression, including hepatic macrophages. Kupffer cells (KCs) are the resident macrophages of the liver involved in the progression of ALD by activating pathways that lead to the production of cytokines and chemokines. In addition, KCs are involved in the production of reactive oxygen species. Reactive oxygen species are linked to the induction of oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver. These events are activated by the bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide, that is released from the gastrointestinal tract through the portal vein to the liver. Lipopolysaccharide is recognized by receptors on KCs that are responsible for triggering several pathways that activate proinflammatory cytokines involved in alcohol-induced liver injury. In addition, KCs activate hepatic stellate cells that are involved in liver fibrosis. Novel strategies to treat ALD aim at targeting Kupffer cells. These interventions modulate Kupffer cell activation or macrophage polarization. Evidence from mouse models and early clinical studies in patients with ALD injury supports the notion that pathogenic macrophage subsets can be successfully translated into novel treatment options for patients with this disease.
Collapse
|
39
|
Ayoub SM, Minhas M, Lapointe T, Limebeer CL, Parker LA, Leri F. Effects of high fructose corn syrup on ethanol self-administration in rats. Alcohol 2020; 87:79-88. [PMID: 32497557 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The addition of sweeteners to alcoholic beverages is thought to facilitate heavy alcohol consumption, and this may be of particular concern when the additive is high fructose corn syrup (HFCS). METHODS Four experiments in male Sprague-Dawley rats were performed to investigate whether the addition of 25% HFCS to ethanol (5%, 10%, and 20% v/v ethanol) would alter its intraoral operant self-administration, palatability, and sensitivity to food deprivation stress. RESULTS As anticipated, HFCS drastically increased ethanol intake, and this effect appeared driven by its caloric value. Importantly, HFCS increased the persistence of operant responding following extinction in animals trained to self-administer the combination, and the addition of HFCS to ethanol changed subsequent responses to ethanol, including increased palatability and intake. CONCLUSIONS These results in rats suggest that the addition of HFCS to the list of ingredients in sweetened alcoholic beverages could play a significant role in the harmful consumption of ethanol-containing beverages.
Collapse
|
40
|
Peck J, Replete N, Melquist S, Flores F, Wilsey M. Adolescent With Acute Liver Failure in the Setting of Ethanol, Cocaine, and Ecstasy Ingestion Treated With a Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System. Cureus 2020; 12:e9699. [PMID: 32923289 PMCID: PMC7486115 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.9699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Recreational polypharmacy intoxication is a popular trend, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Acute liver failure is an uncommon complication of drug intoxication and has been described separately among patients intoxicated with ethanol, cocaine, and 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy). Many patients with acute liver failure will die without liver transplant, and management of drug-induced acute liver failure is complicated by the fact that polysubstance abuse may be a contraindication for liver transplant, even among young patients. Here we report a case of acute liver failure in an adolescent male secondary to recreational intoxication with ethanol, cocaine, and ecstasy. This patient was not a candidate for liver transplantation. We describe successful treatment using a molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS®) or “liver dialysis” and review the literature pertaining to management options for this type of patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelin Peck
- Anesthesiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, USA
| | - Nina Replete
- Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, USA
| | | | - Francisco Flores
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Michael Wilsey
- Pediatrics, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, USA.,Pediatric Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Artificial Sweeteners Disrupt Tight Junctions and Barrier Function in the Intestinal Epithelium through Activation of the Sweet Taste Receptor, T1R3. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061862. [PMID: 32580504 PMCID: PMC7353258 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The breakdown of the intestinal epithelial barrier and subsequent increase in intestinal permeability can lead to systemic inflammatory diseases and multiple-organ failure. Nutrition impacts the intestinal barrier, with dietary components such as gluten increasing permeability. Artificial sweeteners are increasingly consumed by the general public in a range of foods and drinks. The sweet taste receptor (T1R3) is activated by artificial sweeteners and has been identified in the intestine to play a role in incretin release and glucose transport; however, T1R3 has not been previously linked to intestinal permeability. Here, the intestinal epithelial cell line, Caco-2, was used to study the effect of commonly-consumed artificial sweeteners, sucralose, aspartame and saccharin, on permeability. At high concentrations, aspartame and saccharin were found to induce apoptosis and cell death in intestinal epithelial cells, while at low concentrations, sucralose and aspartame increased epithelial barrier permeability and down-regulated claudin 3 at the cell surface. T1R3 knockdown was found to attenuate these effects of artificial sweeteners. Aspartame induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production to cause permeability and claudin 3 internalization, while sweetener-induced permeability and oxidative stress was rescued by the overexpression of claudin 3. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the artificial sweeteners sucralose, aspartame, and saccharin exert a range of negative effects on the intestinal epithelium through the sweet taste receptor T1R3.
Collapse
|
42
|
Ming L, Qiao X, Yi L, Siren D, He J, Hai L, Guo F, Xiao Y, Ji R. Camel milk modulates ethanol-induced changes in the gut microbiome and transcriptome in a mouse model of acute alcoholic liver disease. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:3937-3949. [PMID: 32171514 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Morbidity and mortality as a result of liver disease are major problems around the world, especially from alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which is characterized by hepatic inflammation and intestinal microbial imbalance. In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effects of camel milk (CM) in a mouse model of acute ALD and the underlying mechanism at the gut microbiota and transcriptome level. Male Institute of Cancer Research mice (n = 24; Beijing Weitong Lihua Experimental Animal Technology Co. Ltd., China) were divided into 3 groups: normal diet (NC); normal diet, then ethanol (ET); and normal diet and camel milk (CM), then ethanol (ET+CM). Analysis of serum biochemical indexes and histology revealed a reduction in hepatic inflammation in the ET+CM group. Sequencing of 16S rRNA showed that CM modulated the microbial communities, with an increased proportion of Lactobacillus and reduced Bacteroides, Alistipes, and Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group. Comparative hepatic transcriptome analysis revealed 315 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in the ET+CM and ET groups (150 upregulated and 165 downregulated). Enrichment analysis revealed that CM downregulated the expression of inflammation-related (ILB and CXCL1) genes in the IL-17 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) pathways. We conclude that CM modulates liver inflammation and alleviates the intestinal microbial disorder caused by acute alcohol injury, indicating the potential of dietary CM in protection against alcohol-induced liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ming
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - XiangYu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Li Yi
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Dalai Siren
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Camel Research Institute of Inner Mongolia, Alashan 737300, China
| | - Jing He
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Le Hai
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Fucheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yuchen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Rimutu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Camel Research Institute of Inner Mongolia, Alashan 737300, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang S, Luan J, Lv X. Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Attenuated Ethanol-Induced Exosomal miR-122 and Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Alcohol Alcohol 2020; 54:465-471. [PMID: 31361816 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agz058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS In acute alcoholic liver injury, alcohol can directly or indirectly induce endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) to participate in liver injury, and it is found that the expression of serum exosomal miR-122 is significantly affected. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition on the expression of serum exosomal miR-122 and acute liver injury. METHODS The acute alcoholic liver injury models were established by the intragastric administration of ethanol (5 g/kg) in ICR mice. Intervention group received 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA, endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor; 75 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) 12 and 24 hours before intragastric administration. Mice treated with saline were used as controls. RESULTS The ethanol treated mice exhibited significantly elevated hepatosomatic index (liver weight/body weight) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05). The ERS inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid protected against ethanol induced acute liver injury and hepatocyte necrosis, and PBA 150 mg/kg significantly attenuated ethanol induced hepatic ER stress-related proteins (GRP78, pIRE1α and pIF2α) (P < 0.05). Moreover, PBA 150 mg/kg markedly alleviated ethanol induced elevation of hepatic and serum exosomal miR-122 and pri-miR-122 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that ER stress inhibitor PBA attenuated ethanol induced acute liver injury and serum exosomal miR-122, and provides a potential therapy strategy for acute alcoholic liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune medicines, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Disease of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiajie Luan
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune medicines, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Disease of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gonçalves ARN, Marinsek GP, de Souza Abessa DM, de Britto Mari R. Adaptative responses of myenteric neurons of Sphoeroides testudineus to environmental pollution. Neurotoxicology 2019; 76:84-92. [PMID: 31669307 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Contamination in estuarine regions affects the local biota damaging the ecosystems and reaching humans. The gastrointestinal tract is a dynamic environment capable of obtaining nutrients and energy from food while it protects the host against harmful toxins and pathogens from the external environment. These functions are modulated by the enteric nervous system and changes in its structure can result in gastrointestinal disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate if the environmental contaminants have effects on the myenteric neuronal plasticity of pufferfish Sphoeroides testudineus. Animals were collected in Barra do Una River, located at Jureia-Itatins Mosaic of Protected Areas (reference area - RA) and in the Santos Estuarine System (impacted area - IA). Morpho-quantitative analyses of the general and metabolically active myenteric neuronal populations of the proximal and distal intestine were made. Disarrangement was observed in the general organization of the myenteric plexus, with an expressive reduction of the neuronal groups (nodes) in the animals of IA. The vulnerability of the myenteric plexus was evidenced by a decrease in density and cellular profile of the general neuronal population, followed by an increase of the metabolism of the remaining neurons, which in turn was verified by a growth of the area of the cellular and nuclear profiles of the metabolically active neuronal population. Through these analyses, we concluded that animals inhabiting polluted regions present alterations in the myenteric neuronal plasticity, as a way of maintaining the functions of the gastrointestinal tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Pustiglione Marinsek
- São Paulo State University - Coastal Campus, Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Animal (LABMA), Sao Vicente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa
- São Paulo State University - Coastal Campus, Núcleo de Estudos em Poluição e Ecotoxcologia Aquática (NEPEA), Sao Vicente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata de Britto Mari
- São Paulo State University - Coastal Campus, Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Animal (LABMA), Sao Vicente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Blaker AL, Moore ER, Yamamoto BK. Serial exposure to ethanol drinking and methamphetamine enhances glutamate excitotoxicity. J Neurochem 2019; 151:749-763. [PMID: 31478210 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A significant comorbidity exists between alcohol and methamphetamine (Meth) abuse but the neurochemical consequences of this co-abuse are unknown. Alcohol and Meth independently and differentially affect glutamatergic transmission but the unique effects of their serial exposure on glutamate signaling in mediating damage to dopamine neurons are unknown. Sprague-Dawley rats had intermittent voluntary access to 10% ethanol (EtOH) every other day and water over 28 days and were then administered a binge injection regimen of Meth or saline. EtOH drinking decreased the glutamate aspartate transporter and increased basal extracellular concentrations of glutamate within the striatum when measured after the last day of drinking. Ceftriaxone is known to increase the expression and/or activity of glutamate transporters in the brain and prevented both the decreases in glutamate aspartate transporter and the increases in basal extracellular glutamate when administered during EtOH drinking. EtOH drinking also exacerbated the acute increases in extracellular glutamate observed upon Meth exposure, the subsequent increases in spectrin proteolysis, and the long-term decreases in dopamine content in the striatum, all of which were attenuated by ceftriaxone administration during EtOH drinking only. These results implicate EtOH-induced increases in extracellular glutamate and corresponding decreases in glutamate uptake as mechanisms that contribute to the vulnerability produced by EtOH drinking and the unique neurotoxicity observed after serial exposure to Meth that is not observed with either drug alone. Open Science: This manuscript was awarded with the Open Materials Badge For more information see: https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Blaker
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Moore
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Bryan K Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Therapeutic and Protective Effects of Liposomal Encapsulation of Astaxanthin in Mice with Alcoholic Liver Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164057. [PMID: 31434227 PMCID: PMC6718996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin (Asta) has been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and free radical-clearing activities. However, the poor stability and low water solubility of Asta hamper its bioavailability. The objectives of this study were to fabricate Asta-loaded liposomes (Asta-lipo) and investigate the therapeutic effects of Asta-lipo on alcoholic liver fibrosis in mice. The mice were administered with Asta-lipo or liposomes alone prior to a 3-week dose containing 30% alcohol with or without feeding with a second dose of 30% alcohol. The prepared Asta-lipo of 225.0 ± 58.3 nm in diameter, had an encapsulation efficiency of 98%. A slow release profile of 16.2% Asta from Asta-lipo was observed after a 24-h incubation. Restorative actions against alcoholic liver fibrosis were observed after oral administration of Asta-lipo for 4 weeks. Hepatic repair, followed by a second dose of 30% alcohol, suggested that Asta-lipo exerted protective and reparative effects against liver injuries induced by repeated consumption of alcohol. The changes of serum ALT and AST values were principally in consistence with the histopathologic findings. Asta-lipo exerted rapid and direct effects against repeated alcohol-induced liver disease, whereas Asta-lipo given orally could boost recovery from liver injuries obtained due to previous long-term alcohol use. These data demonstrate that Asta-lipo has applicable protective and therapeutic potential to treat alcohol-induced liver diseases.
Collapse
|
47
|
Prediction of human drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in relation to oral doses and blood concentrations. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:1609-1637. [PMID: 31250071 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) cannot be accurately predicted by animal models. In addition, currently available in vitro methods do not allow for the estimation of hepatotoxic doses or the determination of an acceptable daily intake (ADI). To overcome this limitation, an in vitro/in silico method was established that predicts the risk of human DILI in relation to oral doses and blood concentrations. This method can be used to estimate DILI risk if the maximal blood concentration (Cmax) of the test compound is known. Moreover, an ADI can be estimated even for compounds without information on blood concentrations. To systematically optimize the in vitro system, two novel test performance metrics were introduced, the toxicity separation index (TSI) which quantifies how well a test differentiates between hepatotoxic and non-hepatotoxic compounds, and the toxicity estimation index (TEI) which measures how well hepatotoxic blood concentrations in vivo can be estimated. In vitro test performance was optimized for a training set of 28 compounds, based on TSI and TEI, demonstrating that (1) concentrations where cytotoxicity first becomes evident in vitro (EC10) yielded better metrics than higher toxicity thresholds (EC50); (2) compound incubation for 48 h was better than 24 h, with no further improvement of TSI after 7 days incubation; (3) metrics were moderately improved by adding gene expression to the test battery; (4) evaluation of pharmacokinetic parameters demonstrated that total blood compound concentrations and the 95%-population-based percentile of Cmax were best suited to estimate human toxicity. With a support vector machine-based classifier, using EC10 and Cmax as variables, the cross-validated sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for hepatotoxicity prediction were 100, 88 and 93%, respectively. Concentrations in the culture medium allowed extrapolation to blood concentrations in vivo that are associated with a specific probability of hepatotoxicity and the corresponding oral doses were obtained by reverse modeling. Application of this in vitro/in silico method to the rat hepatotoxicant pulegone resulted in an ADI that was similar to values previously established based on animal experiments. In conclusion, the proposed method links oral doses and blood concentrations of test compounds to the probability of hepatotoxicity.
Collapse
|
48
|
Hou R, Liu X, Yan J, Xiang K, Wu X, Lin W, Chen G, Zheng M, Fu J. Characterization of natural melanin from Auricularia auricula and its hepatoprotective effect on acute alcohol liver injury in mice. Food Funct 2019; 10:1017-1027. [PMID: 30706914 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01624k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study characterized the natural melanin from Auricularia auricula and investigated its hepatoprotective effect on mice with acute alcoholic liver injury. The characterization of the melanin was analyzed based on elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-visible), infrared spectrum (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (NMR). To determine the liver protective effect of Auricularia auricula melanin, mice were administered with the melanin once daily for 3 weeks before ethanol induced liver injury. Biochemical parameters of liver function, histopathological sections, mRNA and protein expression of antioxidant enzyme were compared between mice with or without the melanin administered. Results showed that A. auricula melanin was a eumelanin and the average molecular weight was 48.99 kDa. The melanin can protect the mice from ethanol-induced liver injury by extending the duration of the righting reflex, and shortening the duration of the recovery. The liver index, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in mice treated with the melanin were significantly decreased. At the same time, the levels of liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and antioxidase such as catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were increased. Its protective effect may be related to the activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream antioxidant enzymes such as glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC), glutamate cysteine ligase modifier (GCLM), and NADP(H) quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1). These results suggested that A. auricula melanin may be an effective strategy to alleviate alcohol-induced liver damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruolin Hou
- College of Food sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ginseng ( Panax ginseng Meyer) Oligopeptides Protect Against Binge Drinking-Induced Liver Damage through Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111665. [PMID: 30400371 PMCID: PMC6266439 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (ginseng) is an edible and traditional medicinal herb, which is reported to have a wide range of biological activity and pharmaceutical properties. There were more studies on ginsenoside and polysaccharides, but fewer on ginseng oligopeptides (GOPs), which are small molecule oligopeptides extracted from ginseng. The present study was designed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of ginseng oligopeptide (GOPs) on binge drinking-induced alcohol damage in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to six groups (n = 10), rats in normal control group and alcohol model group was administered distilled water; rats in four GOPs intervention groups (at a dose of 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 g/kg of body weight, respectively) were administered GOPs once a day for 30 days. Experiment rats were intragastrically administered ethanol at a one-time dose of 7 g/kg of body weight after 30 days. The liver injury was measured through traditional liver enzymes, inflammatory cytokines, expression of oxidative stress markers, and histopathological examination. We found that the GOPs treatment could significantly improve serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, plasma lipopolysaccharide, and inflammatory cytokine levels, as well as the oxidative stress markers that were altered by alcohol. Moreover, GOPs treatment inhibited the protein expression of toll-like receptor 4, and repressed the inhibitor kappa Bα and nuclear factor-κB p65 in the liver. These findings suggested that GOPs have a significant protective effect on binge drinking-induced liver injury, and the mechanism possibly mediated by the partial inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-toll-like receptor 4-nuclear factor-κB p65 signaling in the liver.
Collapse
|
50
|
Massey VL, Qin L, Cabezas J, Caballeria J, Sancho-Bru P, Bataller R, Crews FT. TLR7-let-7 Signaling Contributes to Ethanol-Induced Hepatic Inflammatory Response in Mice and in Alcoholic Hepatitis. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:2107-2122. [PMID: 30103265 PMCID: PMC6282707 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is an endosomal TLR that is activated by single-stranded RNA, including endogenous microRNAs (e.g., let-7b). Increased hepatic expression of TLRs, microRNAs, and inflammatory mediators is linked to ethanol (EtOH) exposure and to alcoholic liver disease (ALD). ALD invovles chronic hepatic inflammation that can progress to alcoholic hepatitis (AH), a particularly severe form of ALD. This study aimed to investigate TLR7 expression in patients with different liver disease phenotypes and in mouse liver following alcohol exposure. METHODS Hepatic mRNA expression was determined by RNA sequencing of liver tissue from patients with liver disease or normal liver tissue. Mice were exposed to subchronic EtOH followed by administration of the TLR7 agonist imiquimod. Primary human hepatocytes were exposed to EtOH or imiquimod in vitro. RESULTS RNAseq analysis revealed that hepatic expression of TLR7 and let-7b microRNA, an endogenous TLR7 ligand, was significantly increased in AH patients. Hepatic expression of TLR7 and let-7b positively correlated with hepatic IL-8 mRNA expression. In mice, EtOH increased hepatic TLR7 mRNA expression and enhanced imiquimod-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators TNFα, MCP-1, and iNOS. In vitro, EtOH significantly increased hepatocyte TLR7 mRNA and the TLR7 agonist, imiquimod, induced hepatocyte expression of TNFα and IL-8 mRNA. EtOH also increased the release of let-7b in microvesicles from hepatocytes, suggesting that EtOH can increase the expression of both the receptor and its endogenous ligand. CONCLUSIONS These studies suggest that increased TLR7 signaling caused by increased expression of TLR7 and its endogenous ligand let-7b may contribute to the enhanced inflammatory response associated with AH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica L Massey
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina Medical School, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Liya Qin
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina Medical School, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Joaquin Cabezas
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Research Institute Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Juan Caballeria
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pau Sancho-Bru
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina Medical School, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Center for Liver Diseases, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Fulton T Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina Medical School, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|