1
|
Ressel S, Kumar S, Bermúdez-Barrientos JR, Gordon K, Lane J, Wu J, Abreu-Goodger C, Schwarze J, Buck A. RNA-RNA interactions between respiratory syncytial virus and miR-26 and miR-27 are associated with regulation of cell cycle and antiviral immunity. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:4872-4888. [PMID: 38412296 PMCID: PMC11109944 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate nearly all physiological processes but our understanding of exactly how they function remains incomplete, particularly in the context of viral infections. Here, we adapt a biochemical method (CLEAR-CLIP) and analysis pipeline to identify targets of miRNAs in lung cells infected with Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). We show that RSV binds directly to miR-26 and miR-27 through seed pairing and demonstrate that these miRNAs target distinct gene networks associated with cell cycle and metabolism (miR-27) and antiviral immunity (miR-26). Many of the targets are de-repressed upon infection and we show that the miR-27 targets most sensitive to miRNA inhibition are those associated with cell cycle. Finally, we demonstrate that high confidence chimeras map to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and pseudogenes in transcriptional regulatory regions. We validate that a proportion of miR-27 and Argonaute 2 (AGO2) is nuclear and identify a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) as a miR-27 target that is linked to transcriptional regulation of nearby genes. This work expands the target networks of miR-26 and miR-27 to include direct interactions with RSV and lncRNAs and implicate these miRNAs in regulation of key genes that impact the viral life cycle associated with cell cycle, metabolism, and antiviral immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ressel
- Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Sujai Kumar
- Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | | | - Katrina Gordon
- Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Julia Lane
- Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Jin Wu
- Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Cei Abreu-Goodger
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Jürgen Schwarze
- Child Life and Health, Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Amy H Buck
- Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Seal A, Hughes M, Wei F, Pugazhendhi AS, Ngo C, Ruiz J, Schwartzman JD, Coathup MJ. Sphingolipid-Induced Bone Regulation and Its Emerging Role in Dysfunction Due to Disease and Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3024. [PMID: 38474268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The human skeleton is a metabolically active system that is constantly regenerating via the tightly regulated and highly coordinated processes of bone resorption and formation. Emerging evidence reveals fascinating new insights into the role of sphingolipids, including sphingomyelin, sphingosine, ceramide, and sphingosine-1-phosphate, in bone homeostasis. Sphingolipids are a major class of highly bioactive lipids able to activate distinct protein targets including, lipases, phosphatases, and kinases, thereby conferring distinct cellular functions beyond energy metabolism. Lipids are known to contribute to the progression of chronic inflammation, and notably, an increase in bone marrow adiposity parallel to elevated bone loss is observed in most pathological bone conditions, including aging, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and osteomyelitis. Of the numerous classes of lipids that form, sphingolipids are considered among the most deleterious. This review highlights the important primary role of sphingolipids in bone homeostasis and how dysregulation of these bioactive metabolites appears central to many chronic bone-related diseases. Further, their contribution to the invasion, virulence, and colonization of both viral and bacterial host cell infections is also discussed. Many unmet clinical needs remain, and data to date suggest the future use of sphingolipid-targeted therapy to regulate bone dysfunction due to a variety of diseases or infection are highly promising. However, deciphering the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of this diverse and extremely complex sphingolipidome, both in terms of bone health and disease, is considered the next frontier in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anouska Seal
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Megan Hughes
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Fei Wei
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Abinaya S Pugazhendhi
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Christopher Ngo
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Jonathan Ruiz
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | | | - Melanie J Coathup
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ando H, Komura N. Recent progress in the synthesis of glycosphingolipids. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 78:102423. [PMID: 38184907 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
To accelerate the biological study and application of the diverse functions of glycosphingolipids (GSLs), the production of structurally defined GSLs has been greatly demanded. In this review, we focus on the recent developments in the chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis of GSLs. In the chemical synthesis section, the syntheses based on glucosyl ceramide cassette, late-stage sialylation, and diversity-oriented strategies for GSLs or ganglioside synthesis are highlighted, which delivered terpioside B, fluorescent sialyl lactotetraosyl ceramide, and analogs of lacto-ganglio-series GSLs, respectively. In the chemoenzymatic synthesis section, the synthesis of ganglioside GM1 by multistep one-pot multienzyme method and the total synthesis of highly complex ganglioside LLG-5 using a water-soluble lactosyl ceramide as a key substrate for enzymatic sialylation are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromune Ando
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Naoko Komura
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ding C, Chen Y, Miao G, Qi Z. Research Advances on the Role of Lipids in the Life Cycle of Human Coronaviruses. Microorganisms 2023; 12:63. [PMID: 38257890 PMCID: PMC10820681 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are emerging pathogens with a significant potential to cause life-threatening harm to human health. Since the beginning of the 21st century, three highly pathogenic and transmissible human CoVs have emerged, triggering epidemics and posing major threats to global public health. CoVs are enveloped viruses encased in a lipid bilayer. As fundamental components of cells, lipids can play an integral role in many physiological processes, which have been reported to play important roles in the life cycle of CoVs, including viral entry, uncoating, replication, assembly, and release. Therefore, research on the role of lipids in the CoV life cycle can provide a basis for a better understanding of the infection mechanism of CoVs and provide lipid targets for the development of new antiviral strategies. In this review, research advances on the role of lipids in different stages of viral infection and the possible targets of lipids that interfere with the viral life cycle are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuiling Ding
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (C.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yibo Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (C.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Gen Miao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China;
| | - Zhongtian Qi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (C.D.); (Y.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thomas S, Samuel SV, Hoch A, Syphurs C, Diray-Arce J. The Implication of Sphingolipids in Viral Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17303. [PMID: 38139132 PMCID: PMC10743733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are involved in cell signaling and metabolic pathways, and their metabolites play a critical role in host defense against intracellular pathogens. Here, we review the known mechanisms of sphingolipids in viral infections and discuss the potential implication of the study of sphingolipid metabolism in vaccine and therapeutic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanya Thomas
- Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.T.); (A.H.); (C.S.)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Stephen Varghese Samuel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore 632004, India
| | - Annmarie Hoch
- Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.T.); (A.H.); (C.S.)
| | - Caitlin Syphurs
- Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.T.); (A.H.); (C.S.)
| | - Joann Diray-Arce
- Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.T.); (A.H.); (C.S.)
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yoo SW, Waheed AA, Deme P, Tohumeken S, Rais R, Smith MD, DeMarino C, Calabresi PA, Kashanchi F, Freed EO, Slusher BS, Haughey NJ. Inhibition of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 impairs HIV-1 envelope formation and substantially delays or eliminates viral rebound. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219543120. [PMID: 37406092 PMCID: PMC10334757 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219543120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although HIV-1 Gag is known to drive viral assembly and budding, the precise mechanisms by which the lipid composition of the plasma membrane is remodeled during assembly are incompletely understood. Here, we provide evidence that the sphingomyelin hydrolase neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) interacts with HIV-1 Gag and through the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin creates ceramide that is necessary for proper formation of the viral envelope and viral maturation. Inhibition or depletion of nSMase2 resulted in the production of noninfectious HIV-1 virions with incomplete Gag lattices lacking condensed conical cores. Inhibition of nSMase2 in HIV-1-infected humanized mouse models with a potent and selective inhibitor of nSMase2 termed PDDC [phenyl(R)-(1-(3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2, 6-dimethylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-8-yl) pyrrolidin-3-yl)-carbamate] produced a linear reduction in levels of HIV-1 in plasma. If undetectable plasma levels of HIV-1 were achieved with PDDC treatment, viral rebound did not occur for up to 4 wk when PDDC was discontinued. In vivo and tissue culture results suggest that PDDC selectively kills cells with actively replicating HIV-1. Collectively, this work demonstrates that nSMase2 is a critical regulator of HIV-1 replication and suggests that nSMase2 could be an important therapeutic target with the potential to kill HIV-1-infected cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Wan Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21210
| | - Abdul A. Waheed
- Virus-Cell Interaction Section, HIV-1 Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD21702
| | - Pragney Deme
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21210
| | - Sehmus Tohumeken
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21210
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Matthew D. Smith
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21210
| | - Catherine DeMarino
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA20110
| | - Peter A. Calabresi
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21210
| | - Fatah Kashanchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA20110
| | - Eric O. Freed
- Virus-Cell Interaction Section, HIV-1 Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD21702
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21210
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21205
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21210
- Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21210
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21224
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21205
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21210
| | - Norman J. Haughey
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21210
- Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21210
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
The formation of membrane vesicles is a common feature in all eukaryotes. Lipid rafts are the best-studied example of membrane domains for both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and their existence also is suggested in Archaea membranes. Lipid rafts are involved in the formation of transport vesicles, endocytic vesicles, exocytic vesicles, synaptic vesicles and extracellular vesicles, as well as enveloped viruses. Two mechanisms of how rafts are involved in vesicle formation have been proposed: first, that raft proteins and/or lipids located in lipid rafts associate with coat proteins that form a budding vesicle, and second, vesicle budding is triggered by enzymatic generation of cone-shaped ceramides and inverted cone-shaped lyso-phospholipids. In both cases, induction of curvature is also facilitated by the relaxation of tension in the raft domain. In this Review, we discuss the role of raft-derived vesicles in several intracellular trafficking pathways. We also highlight their role in different pathways of endocytosis, and in the formation of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) through budding inwards from the multivesicular body (MVB) membrane, because rafts inside MVB membranes are likely to be involved in loading RNA into ILVs. Finally, we discuss the association of glycoproteins with rafts via the glycocalyx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Sapoń
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Kominka 6, 45-032 Opole, Poland
| | - Rafał Mańka
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Kominka 6, 45-032 Opole, Poland
| | - Teresa Janas
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Kominka 6, 45-032 Opole, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Janas
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Kominka 6, 45-032 Opole, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang L, Liu J, Xiao E, Han Q, Wang L. Sphingosine-1-phosphate related signalling pathways manipulating virus replication. Rev Med Virol 2023; 33:e2415. [PMID: 36597202 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Viruses can create a unique cellular environment that facilitates replication and transmission. Sphingosine kinases (SphKs) produce sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid molecule that performs both physiological and pathological effects primarily by activating a subgroup of the endothelial differentiation gene family of G-protein coupled cell surface receptors known as S1P receptors (S1PR1-5). A growing body of evidence indicates that the SphK/S1P axis is crucial for regulating cellular activities in virus infections like respiratory viruses, enteroviruses, hepatitis viruses, herpes viruses, and arboviruses replicate. Depending on the type of virus, pro- or anti-viral activities of the SphK/S1P axis sometimes rely on the host immune system and sometimes directly through intracellular signalling pathways or cell proliferation. Recent research has shown novel roles of S1P and SphK in viral replication. Sphingosine kinase isoforms (SphK1 and SphK2) levels can be manipulated by several viruses to promote the effects that are expected. Regulation of cellular signalling pathways plays a significant role in the mechanism. The purpose of this review is to provide insight of the characters played by the SphK/S1P axis throughout diverse viral infection processes. We then assess potential therapeutic methods that are based on S1P signalling and metabolism during viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Erya Xiao
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingzhen Han
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xia T, Wu X, Hong E, Jung K, Lai CJ, Kwak MJ, Seo H, Kim S, Jiang Z, Cha I, Jung JU. Glucosylceramide is essential for Heartland and Dabie bandavirus glycoprotein-induced membrane fusion. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011232. [PMID: 36920967 PMCID: PMC10016662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to climate changes, there has been a large expansion of emerging tick-borne zoonotic viruses, including Heartland bandavirus (HRTV) and Dabie bandavirus (DBV). As etiologic agents of hemorrhagic fever with high fatality, HRTV and DBV have been recognized as dangerous viral pathogens that likely cause future wide epidemics. Despite serious health concerns, the mechanisms underlying viral infection are largely unknown. HRTV and DBV Gn and Gc are viral surface glycoproteins required for early entry events during infection. Glycosphingolipids, including galactosylceramide (GalCer), glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and lactosylceramide (LacCer), are a class of membrane lipids that play essential roles in membrane structure and viral lifecycle. Here, our genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen identifies that glycosphingolipid biosynthesis pathway is essential for HRTV and DBV infection. The deficiency of UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG) that produces GlcCer resulted in the loss of infectivity of recombinant viruses pseudotyped with HRTV or DBV Gn/Gc glycoproteins. Conversely, exogenous supplement of GlcCer, but not GalCer or LacCer, recovered viral entry of UGCG-deficient cells in a dose-dependent manner. Biophysical analyses showed that GlcCer targeted the lipid-head-group binding pocket of Gc to form a stable protein-lipid complex, which allowed the insertion of Gc protein into host lysosomal membrane lipid bilayers for viral fusion. Mutagenesis showed that D841 residue at the Gc lipid binding pocket was critical for GlcCer interaction and thereby, viral entry. These findings reveal detailed mechanism of GlcCer glycosphingolipid in HRTV and DBV Gc-mediated membrane fusion and provide a potential therapeutic target for tickborne virus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xia
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Eunjin Hong
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, California, United States of America
| | - Kyle Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Chih-Jen Lai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mi-Jeong Kwak
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hogyu Seo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Inho Cha
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jae U. Jung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Infection Biology Program, and Global Center for Pathogen and Human Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yan B, Fung K, Ye S, Lai PM, Wei YX, Sze KH, Yang D, Gao P, Kao RYT. Linoleic acid metabolism activation in macrophages promotes the clearing of intracellular Staphylococcus aureus. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12445-12460. [PMID: 36382278 PMCID: PMC9629105 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04307f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens pose an increasing threat to human health. Certain bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, are able to survive within professional phagocytes to escape the bactericidal effects of antibiotics and evade killing by immune cells, potentially leading to chronic or persistent infections. By investigating the macrophage response to S. aureus infection, we may devise a strategy to prime the innate immune system to eliminate the infected bacteria. Here we applied untargeted tandem mass spectrometry to characterize the lipidome alteration in S. aureus infected J774A.1 macrophage cells at multiple time points. Linoleic acid (LA) metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism pathways were found to be two major perturbed pathways upon S. aureus infection. The subsequent validation has shown that sphingolipid metabolism suppression impaired macrophage phagocytosis and enhanced intracellular bacteria survival. Meanwhile LA metabolism activation significantly reduced intracellular S. aureus survival without affecting the phagocytic capacity of the macrophage. Furthermore, exogenous LA treatment also exhibited significant bacterial load reduction in multiple organs in a mouse bacteremia model. Two mechanisms are proposed to be involved in this progress: exogenous LA supplement increases downstream metabolites that partially contribute to LA's capacity of intracellular bacteria-killing and LA induces intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through an electron transport chain pathway in multiple immune cell lines, which further increases the capacity of killing intracellular bacteria. Collectively, our findings not only have characterized specific lipid pathways associated with the function of macrophages but also demonstrated that exogenous LA addition may activate lipid modulator-mediated innate immunity as a potential therapy for bacterial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingpeng Yan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 21 Sassoon Road Pokfulam Hong Kong China
| | - Kingchun Fung
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 21 Sassoon Road Pokfulam Hong Kong China
| | - Sen Ye
- Morningside Laboratory for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Pok-Man Lai
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 21 Sassoon Road Pokfulam Hong Kong China
| | - Yuan Xin Wei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 21 Sassoon Road Pokfulam Hong Kong China
| | - Kong-Hung Sze
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 21 Sassoon Road Pokfulam Hong Kong China
| | - Dan Yang
- Morningside Laboratory for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 21 Sassoon Road Pokfulam Hong Kong China
| | - Richard Yi-Tsun Kao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong 21 Sassoon Road Pokfulam Hong Kong China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hu Q, Liu B, Fan Y, Zheng Y, Wen F, Yu U, Wang W. Multi-omics association analysis reveals interactions between the oropharyngeal microbiome and the metabolome in pediatric patients with influenza A virus pneumonia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1011254. [PMID: 36389138 PMCID: PMC9651038 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1011254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Children are at high risk for influenza A virus (IAV) infections, which can develop into severe illnesses. However, little is known about interactions between the microbiome and respiratory tract metabolites and their impact on the development of IAV pneumonia in children. Using a combination of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we analyzed the composition and metabolic profile of the oropharyngeal microbiota in 49 pediatric patients with IAV pneumonia and 42 age-matched healthy children. The results indicate that compared to healthy children, children with IAV pneumonia exhibited significant changes in the oropharyngeal macrobiotic structure (p = 0.001), and significantly lower microbial abundance and diversity (p < 0.05). These changes came with significant disturbances in the levels of oropharyngeal metabolites. Intergroup differences were observed in 204 metabolites mapped to 36 metabolic pathways. Significantly higher levels of sphingolipid (sphinganine and phytosphingosine) and propanoate (propionic acid and succinic acid) metabolism were observed in patients with IAV pneumonia than in healthy controls. Using Spearman’s rank-correlation analysis, correlations between IAV pneumonia-associated discriminatory microbial genera and metabolites were evaluated. The results indicate significant correlations and consistency in variation trends between Streptococcus and three sphingolipid metabolites (phytosphingosine, sphinganine, and sphingosine). Besides these three sphingolipid metabolites, the sphinganine-to-sphingosine ratio and the joint analysis of the three metabolites indicated remarkable diagnostic efficacy in children with IAV pneumonia. This study confirmed significant changes in the characteristics and metabolic profile of the oropharyngeal microbiome in pediatric patients with IAV pneumonia, with high synergy between the two factors. Oropharyngeal sphingolipid metabolites may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers of IAV pneumonia in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baiming Liu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanqun Fan
- Department of Trans-omics Research, Biotree Metabolomics Technology Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuejie Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feiqiu Wen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Uet Yu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjian Wang, ; Uet Yu,
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjian Wang, ; Uet Yu,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lai M, De Carli A, Filipponi C, Iacono E, La Rocca V, Lottini G, Piazza CR, Quaranta P, Sidoti M, Pistello M, Freer G. Lipid balance remodelling by human positive-strand RNA viruses and the contribution of lysosomes. Antiviral Res 2022; 206:105398. [PMID: 35985406 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A marked reorganization of internal membranes occurs in the cytoplasm of cells infected by single stranded positive-sense RNA viruses. Most cell compartments change their asset to provide lipids for membrane rearrangement into replication organelles, where to concentrate viral proteins and enzymes while hiding from pathogen pattern recognition molecules. Because the endoplasmic reticulum is a central hub for lipid metabolism, when viruses hijack the organelle to form their replication organelles, a cascade of events change the intracellular environment. This results in a marked increase in lipid consumption, both by lipolysis and lipophagy of lipid droplets. In addition, lipids are used to produce energy for viral replication. At the same time, inflammation is started by signalling lipids, where lysosomal processing plays a relevant role. This review is aimed at providing an overview on what takes place after human class IV viruses have released their genome into the host cell and the consequences on lipid metabolism, including lysosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Lai
- Centro Retrovirus, Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56127, Italy.
| | - Alessandro De Carli
- Centro Retrovirus, Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56127, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Italy.
| | - Carolina Filipponi
- Centro Retrovirus, Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56127, Italy.
| | - Elena Iacono
- Centro Retrovirus, Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56127, Italy.
| | - Veronica La Rocca
- Centro Retrovirus, Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56127, Italy; Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giulia Lottini
- Centro Retrovirus, Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56127, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Italy.
| | - Carmen Rita Piazza
- Centro Retrovirus, Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56127, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Italy.
| | - Paola Quaranta
- Centro Retrovirus, Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56127, Italy.
| | - Maria Sidoti
- Centro Retrovirus, Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56127, Italy.
| | - Mauro Pistello
- Centro Retrovirus, Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56127, Italy.
| | - Giulia Freer
- Centro Retrovirus, Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56127, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The Acid Ceramidase Is a SARS-CoV-2 Host Factor. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162532. [PMID: 36010608 PMCID: PMC9406565 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 variants such as the delta or omicron variants, with higher transmission rates, accelerated the global COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies need to be deployed. The inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), interfering with viral entry by fluoxetine was reported. Here, we described the acid ceramidase as an additional target of fluoxetine. To discover these effects, we synthesized an ASM-independent fluoxetine derivative, AKS466. High-resolution SARS-CoV-2–RNA FISH and RTqPCR analyses demonstrate that AKS466 down-regulates viral gene expression. It is shown that SARS-CoV-2 deacidifies the lysosomal pH using the ORF3 protein. However, treatment with AKS488 or fluoxetine lowers the lysosomal pH. Our biochemical results show that AKS466 localizes to the endo-lysosomal replication compartments of infected cells, and demonstrate the enrichment of the viral genomic, minus-stranded RNA and mRNAs there. Both fluoxetine and AKS466 inhibit the acid ceramidase activity, cause endo-lysosomal ceramide elevation, and interfere with viral replication. Furthermore, Ceranib-2, a specific acid ceramidase inhibitor, reduces SARS-CoV-2 replication and, most importantly, the exogenous supplementation of C6-ceramide interferes with viral replication. These results support the hypotheses that the acid ceramidase is a SARS-CoV-2 host factor.
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu P, Hu D, Yuan L, Lian Z, Yao X, Zhu Z, Li X. Metabolomics Analysis of PK-15 Cells with Pseudorabies Virus Infection Based on UHPLC-QE-MS. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061158. [PMID: 35746630 PMCID: PMC9229976 DOI: 10.3390/v14061158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses depend on the metabolic mechanisms of the host to support viral replication. We utilize an approach based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/Q Exactive HF-X Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass (UHPLC-QE-MS) to analyze the metabolic changes in PK-15 cells induced by the infections of the pseudorabies virus (PRV) variant strain and Bartha K61 strain. Infections with PRV markedly changed lots of metabolites, when compared to the uninfected cell group. Additionally, most of the differentially expressed metabolites belonged to glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, purine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism. Lipid metabolites account for the highest proportion (around 35%). The results suggest that those alterations may be in favor of virion formation and genome amplification to promote PRV replication. Different PRV strains showed similar results. An understanding of PRV-induced metabolic reprogramming will provide valuable information for further studies on PRV pathogenesis and the development of antiviral therapy strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panrao Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.L.); (D.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Danhe Hu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.L.); (D.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Lili Yuan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.L.); (D.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhengmin Lian
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.L.); (D.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xiaohui Yao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.L.); (D.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhenbang Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.L.); (D.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.L.); (D.H.); (L.Y.); (Z.L.); (X.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-514-8797-9036
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chithelen J, Franke H, Länder N, Grafen A, Schneider-Schaulies J. The Sphingolipid Inhibitors Ceranib-2 and SKI-II Reduce Measles Virus Replication in Primary Human Lymphocytes: Effects on mTORC1 Downstream Signaling. Front Physiol 2022; 13:856143. [PMID: 35370781 PMCID: PMC8968423 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.856143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive sphingolipids ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are involved in the regulation of cell homeostasis and activity ranging from apoptosis to proliferation. We recently described that the two compounds ceranib-2 (inhibiting acid ceramidase) and SKI-II [inhibiting the sphingosine kinases 1 and − 2 (SphK1/2)] reduce mTORC1 activity and measles virus (MV) replication in human primary peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) by about one log step. We now further investigated whether mTORC1 downstream signaling and viral protein expression may be affected by ceranib-2 and/or SKI-II. Western blot analyses showed that in uninfected cells the phosphorylation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) was reduced by both inhibitors. Interestingly, MV infection led to an increase of rpS6 protein levels and phosphorylation of eIF4E. Treatment with both inhibitors reduced the rpS6 protein expression, and in addition, SKI-II reduced rpS6 phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of eIF4E was slightly reduced by both inhibitors. In addition, SKI-II led to reduced levels of IKK in MV-infected cells. Both inhibitors reduced the expression of viral proteins and the titers of newly synthesized MV by approximately one log step. As expected, SKI-II and rapamycin reduced also the virally encoded GFP expression; however, ceranib-2 astonishingly led to increased levels of GFP fluorescence. Our findings suggest that the inhibitors ceranib-2 and SKI-II act via differential mechanisms on MV replication. The observed effects on mTORC1 downstream signaling, predominantly the reduction of rpS6 levels by both inhibitors, may affect the translational capacity of the cells and contribute to the antiviral effect in human primary PBL.
Collapse
|