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Huang X, Maisch J, Hayashi KI, Nick P. Fluorescent Auxin Analogs Report Two Auxin Binding Sites with Different Subcellular Distribution and Affinities: A Cue for Non-Transcriptional Auxin Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158593. [PMID: 35955725 PMCID: PMC9369420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexity of auxin signaling is partially due to multiple auxin receptors that trigger differential signaling. To obtain insight into the subcellular localization of auxin-binding sites, we used fluorescent auxin analogs that can undergo transport but do not deploy auxin signaling. Using fluorescent probes for different subcellular compartments, we can show that the fluorescent analog of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) associates with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and tonoplast, while the fluorescent analog of indole acetic acid (IAA) binds to the ER. The binding of the fluorescent NAA analog to the ER can be outcompeted by unlabeled NAA, which allows us to estimate the affinity of NAA for this binding site to be around 1 μM. The non-transportable auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) interferes with the binding site for the fluorescent NAA analog at the tonoplast but not with the binding site for the fluorescent IAA analog at the ER. We integrate these data into a working model, where the tonoplast hosts a binding site with a high affinity for 2,4-D, while the ER hosts a binding site with high affinity for NAA. Thus, the differential subcellular localization of binding sites reflects the differential signaling in response to these artificial auxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Huang
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany; (X.H.); (J.M.)
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Jan Maisch
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany; (X.H.); (J.M.)
| | - Ken-Ichiro Hayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Okayama 700-0005, Japan;
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany; (X.H.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-721-608-42144
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2
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Lv QY, Han ML, Gao YQ, Zhang CY, Wang YL, Chao ZF, Zhong LY, Chao DY. Sec24C mediates a Golgi-independent trafficking pathway that is required for tonoplast localisation of ABCC1 and ABCC2. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1486-1500. [PMID: 35510797 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Protein sorting is an essential biological process in all organisms. Trafficking membrane proteins generally relies on the sorting machinery of the Golgi apparatus. However, many proteins have been found to be delivered to target locations via Golgi-independent pathways, but the mechanisms underlying this delivery system remain unknown. Here, we report that Sec24C mediates the direct secretory trafficking of the phytochelatin transporters ABCC1 and ABCC2 from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to prevacuolar compartments (PVCs) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetic analysis showed that the sec24c mutants are hypersensitive to cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) treatments due to mislocalisation of ABCC1 and ABCC2, which results in defects in the vacuole compartmentalisation of the toxic metals. Furthermore, we found that Sec24C recognises ABCC1 and ABCC2 through direct interactions to mediate their exit from the ER to PVCs, which is independent of brefeldin A-sensitive post-Golgi trafficking pathway. These findings expand our understanding of Golgi-independent trafficking, which also provide key insights regarding the mechanism of tonoplast protein sorting and open a new perspective on the function of Sec24 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Yan Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mei-Ling Han
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Qun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chu-Ying Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Ya-Ling Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhen-Fei Chao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li-Yuan Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dai-Yin Chao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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3
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Current Methods to Unravel the Functional Properties of Lysosomal Ion Channels and Transporters. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060921. [PMID: 35326372 PMCID: PMC8946281 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A distinct set of channels and transporters regulates the ion fluxes across the lysosomal membrane. Malfunctioning of these transport proteins and the resulting ionic imbalance is involved in various human diseases, such as lysosomal storage disorders, cancer, as well as metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. As a consequence, these proteins have stimulated strong interest for their suitability as possible drug targets. A detailed functional characterization of many lysosomal channels and transporters is lacking, mainly due to technical difficulties in applying the standard patch-clamp technique to these small intracellular compartments. In this review, we focus on current methods used to unravel the functional properties of lysosomal ion channels and transporters, stressing their advantages and disadvantages and evaluating their fields of applicability.
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Gonçalves JR, Rocha DI, Dos Santos LS, Dalvi VC. The short but useful life of Prepusa montana Mart. (Gentianaceae Juss.) leaf colleters-anatomical, micromorphological, and ultrastructural aspects. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:187-201. [PMID: 33938994 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01651-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colleters are secretory structures involved in the protection of young and developing plant organs. Although the presence of colleters in Gentianales is described as a synapomorphy, studies on the morphofunctionality of colleters and the mechanisms underlying the synthesis and release of colleter secretion in Gentianaceae are scarce. Here, we described the ontogeny and the morphological and functional aspects of colleters of Prepusa montana, revealed the nature of the key compounds present in the secretion, and explored the cellular aspects of the synthesis and release of secretion and senescence of colleters. Samples of the stem apical meristem with leaf primordium and young leaves; adult and senescent leaves were observed using light and electron microscopy. The colleters, located in the axil of the leaf, have a protodermal origin and develop asynchronously. They are digitiform, possessing a short peduncle and a secretory head containing homogeneous cells with dense cytoplasm and abundant endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies. The secretion, composed of polysaccharides and proteins, is accumulated in schizogenous spaces and released through the separation of peripheral secretory cells and loosening of the external periclinal wall. Presumably, senescence is caused by programmed cell death. The morphoanatomical characterization of P. montana leaf colleters described here is the first record for the genus and the peculiar accumulation of colleter secretion in schizogenous spaces expanding our knowledge on the diversity of these secretory structures. Our results also provide insights into programmed cell death as an eminent topic related to secretory structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jailma Rodrigues Gonçalves
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano (IF Goiano, Campus Rio Verde), Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75901-970, Brazil
| | - Diego Ismael Rocha
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, CEP 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Luana Silva Dos Santos
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano (IF Goiano, Campus Rio Verde), Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75901-970, Brazil
| | - Valdnéa Casagrande Dalvi
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano (IF Goiano, Campus Rio Verde), Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75901-970, Brazil.
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5
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Pan T, Wang Y, Jing R, Wang Y, Wei Z, Zhang B, Lei C, Qi Y, Wang F, Bao X, Yan M, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Yu M, Wan G, Chen Y, Yang W, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zhu S, Cheng Z, Zhang X, Jiang L, Ren Y, Wan J. Post-Golgi trafficking of rice storage proteins requires the small GTPase Rab7 activation complex MON1-CCZ1. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2174-2191. [PMID: 33871646 PMCID: PMC8644195 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) are unique organelles that accumulate storage proteins in plant seeds. Although morphological evidence points to the existence of multiple PSV-trafficking pathways for storage protein targeting, the molecular mechanisms that regulate these processes remain mostly unknown. Here, we report the functional characterization of the rice (Oryza sativa) glutelin precursor accumulation7 (gpa7) mutant, which over-accumulates 57-kDa glutelin precursors in dry seeds. Cytological and immunocytochemistry studies revealed that the gpa7 mutant exhibits abnormal accumulation of storage prevacuolar compartment-like structures, accompanied by the partial mistargeting of glutelins to the extracellular space. The gpa7 mutant was altered in the CCZ1 locus, which encodes the rice homolog of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CALCIUM CAFFEINE ZINC SENSITIVITY1a (CCZ1a) and CCZ1b. Biochemical evidence showed that rice CCZ1 interacts with MONENSIN SENSITIVITY1 (MON1) and that these proteins function together as the Rat brain 5 (Rab5) effector and the Rab7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). Notably, loss of CCZ1 function promoted the endosomal localization of vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 9 (VPS9), which is the GEF for Rab5 in plants. Together, our results indicate that the MON1-CCZ1 complex is involved in post-Golgi trafficking of rice storage protein through a Rab5- and Rab7-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruonan Jing
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yongfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhongyan Wei
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Binglei Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cailin Lei
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanzhou Qi
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiuhao Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mengyuan Yan
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingzhou Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Gexing Wan
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Chen
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenkun Yang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhijun Cheng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yulong Ren
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianmin Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Author for communication: ,
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6
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Pereira C, Di Sansebastiano GP. Mechanisms of membrane traffic in plant cells. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 169:102-111. [PMID: 34775176 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The organelles of the secretory pathway are characterized by specific organization and function but they communicate in different ways with intense functional crosstalk. The best known membrane-bound transport carriers are known as protein-coated vesicles. Other traffic mechanisms, despite the intense investigations, still show incongruences. The review intends to provide a general view of the mechanisms involved in membrane traffic. We evidence that organelles' biogenesis involves mechanisms that actively operate during the entire cell cycle and the persistent interconnections between the Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes, the vacuolar complex and the plasma membrane (PM) may be seen as a very dynamic membrane network in which vesicular traffic is part of a general maturation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Pereira
- GreenUPorto-Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, S/nº, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
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7
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Matsumoto H, Kimata Y, Higaki T, Higashiyama T, Ueda M. Dynamic Rearrangement and Directional Migration of Tubular Vacuoles are Required for the Asymmetric Division of the Arabidopsis Zygote. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1280-1289. [PMID: 34077537 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In most flowering plants, the asymmetric cell division of zygotes is the initial step that establishes the apical-basal axis. In the Arabidopsis zygote, vacuolar accumulation at the basal cell end is crucial to ensure zygotic division asymmetry. Despite the importance, it was unclear whether this polar vacuolar distribution was achieved by predominant biogenesis at the basal region or by directional movement after biogenesis. Here, we found that apical and basal vacuolar contents are dynamically exchanged via a tubular vacuolar network and the vacuoles gradually migrate toward the basal end. The mutant of a vacuolar membrane protein, SHOOT GRAVITROPISM2 (SGR2), failed to form tubular vacuoles, and the mutant of a putative vacuolar fusion factor, VESICLE TRANSPORT THROUGH INTERACTION WITH T-SOLUBLE N-ETHYLMALEIMIDE-SENSITIVE FUSION PROTEIN ATTACHMENT PROTEIN RECEPTORS (SNARES) 11 (VTI11), could not flexibly rearrange the vacuolar network. Both mutants failed to exchange the apical and basal vacuolar contents and to polarly migrate the vacuoles, resulting in a more symmetric division of zygotes. Additionally, we observed that in contrast to sgr2, the zygotic defects of vti11 were rescued by the pharmacological depletion of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), a distinct phospholipid in the vacuolar membrane. Thus, SGR2 and VTI11 have individual sites of action in zygotic vacuolar membrane processes. Further, a mutant of YODA (YDA) mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase, a core component of the embryonic axis formation pathway, generated the proper vacuolar network; however, it failed to migrate the vacuoles toward the basal region, which suggests impaired directional cues. Overall, we conclude that SGR2- and VTI11-dependent vacuolar exchange and YDA-mediated directional migration are necessary to achieve polar vacuolar distribution in the zygote.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikari Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kimata
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takumi Higaki
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Higashiyama
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Minako Ueda
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Suntory Rising Stars Encouragement Program in Life Sciences (SunRiSE)
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Park JH, Lo EH, Hayakawa K. Endoplasmic Reticulum Interaction Supports Energy Production and Redox Homeostasis in Mitochondria Released from Astrocytes. Transl Stroke Res 2021; 12:1045-1054. [PMID: 33479917 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00892-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria can be released by astrocytes as part of a help-me signaling process in stroke. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms that underlie mitochondria secretion, redox status, and functional regulation in the extracellular environment. Exposure of rat primary astrocytes to NAD or cADPR elicited an increase in mitochondrial calcium through ryanodine receptor (RyR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Importantly, CD38 stimulation with NAD accelerated ATP production along with increasing glutathione reductase (GR) and dipicolinic acid (DPA) in intracellular mitochondria. When RyR was blocked by Dantrolene, all effects were clearly diminished. Mitochondrial functional assay showed that these activated mitochondria appeared to be resistant to H2O2 exposure and sustained mitochondrial membrane potential, while inhibition of RyR resulted in disrupted membrane potential under oxidative stress. Finally, a gain- or loss-of-function assay demonstrated that treatment with DPA in control mitochondria preserved GR contents and increased mitochondrial membrane potential, whereas inhibiting GR with carmustine decreased membrane potentials in extracellular mitochondria released from astrocytes. Collectively, these data suggest that ER-mitochondrial interaction mediated by CD38 stimulation may support mitochondrial energy production and redox homeostasis during the mode of mitochondrial transfer from astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Park
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 149-2401, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Eng H Lo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 149-2401, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Kazuhide Hayakawa
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 149-2401, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
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9
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Cui Y, Zhao Q, Hu S, Jiang L. Vacuole Biogenesis in Plants: How Many Vacuoles, How Many Models? TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:538-548. [PMID: 32407694 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Vacuoles are the largest membrane-bounded organelles and have essential roles in plant growth and development, but several important questions on the biogenesis and dynamics of lytic vacuoles (LVs) remain. Here, we summarize and discuss recent research and models of vacuole formation, and propose, with testable hypotheses, that besides inherited vacuoles, plant cells can also synthesize LVs de novo from multiple organelles and routes in response to growth and development or external factors. Therefore, LVs may be further classified into different subgroups and/or populations with different pH, cargos, and functions, among which multivesicular body (MVB)-derived small vacuoles are the main source for central vacuole formation in arabidopsis root cortical cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Qiong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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10
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Tan X, Li K, Wang Z, Zhu K, Tan X, Cao J. A Review of Plant Vacuoles: Formation, Located Proteins, and Functions. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8090327. [PMID: 31491897 PMCID: PMC6783984 DOI: 10.3390/plants8090327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Vacuoles, cellular membrane-bound organelles, are the largest compartments of cells, occupying up to 90% of the volume of plant cells. Vacuoles are formed by the biosynthetic and endocytotic pathways. In plants, the vacuole is crucial for growth and development and has a variety of functions, including storage and transport, intracellular environmental stability, and response to injury. Depending on the cell type and growth conditions, the size of vacuoles is highly dynamic. Different types of cell vacuoles store different substances, such as alkaloids, protein enzymes, inorganic salts, sugars, etc., and play important roles in multiple signaling pathways. Here, we summarize vacuole formation, types, vacuole-located proteins, and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Tan
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Kaixia Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Keming Zhu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Xiaoli Tan
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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11
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Baranowski Ł, Różańska E, Sańko-Sawczenko I, Matuszkiewicz M, Znojek E, Filipecki M, Grundler FMW, Sobczak M. Arabidopsis tonoplast intrinsic protein and vacuolar H +-adenosinetriphosphatase reflect vacuole dynamics during development of syncytia induced by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:419-429. [PMID: 30187342 PMCID: PMC6510842 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant parasitic cyst nematodes induce specific hypermetabolic syncytial nurse cell structures in host roots. A characteristic feature of syncytia is the lack of the central vacuole and the formation of numerous small and larger vesicles. We show that these structures are formed de novo via widening of ER cisternae during the entire development of syncytium, whereas in advanced stages of syncytium development, larger vacuoles are also formed via fusion of vesicles/tubules surrounding organelle-free pre-vacuole regions. Immunogold transmission electron microscopy of syncytia localised the vacuolar markers E subunit of vacuolar H+-adenosinetriphosphatase (V-ATPase) complex and tonoplast intrinsic protein (γ-TIP1;1) mostly in membranes surrounding syncytial vesicles, thus indicating that these structures are vacuoles and that some of them have a lytic character. To study the function of syncytial vacuoles, changes in expression of AtVHA-B1, AtVHA-B2 and AtVHA-B3 (coding for isoforms of subunit B of V-ATPase), and TIP1;1 and TIP1;2 (coding for γ-TIP proteins) genes were analysed. RT-qPCR revealed significant downregulation of AtVHA-B2, TIP1;1 and TIP1;2 at the examined stages of syncytium development compared to uninfected roots. Expression of VHA-B1 and VHA-B3 decreased at 3 dpi but reached the level of control at 7 dpi. These results were confirmed for TIP1;1 by monitoring At-γ-TIP-YFP reporter construct expression. Infection test conducted on tip1;1 mutant plants showed formation of larger syncytia and higher numbers of females in comparison to wild-type plants indicating that reduced levels or lack of TIP1;1 protein promote nematode development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Baranowski
- Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-766, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Różańska
- Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-766, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Sańko-Sawczenko
- Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-766, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Matuszkiewicz
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-766, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Znojek
- Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-766, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Filipecki
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-766, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- INRES - Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mirosław Sobczak
- Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-766, Warsaw, Poland.
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12
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Cui Y, Cao W, He Y, Zhao Q, Wakazaki M, Zhuang X, Gao J, Zeng Y, Gao C, Ding Y, Wong HY, Wong WS, Lam HK, Wang P, Ueda T, Rojas-Pierce M, Toyooka K, Kang BH, Jiang L. A whole-cell electron tomography model of vacuole biogenesis in Arabidopsis root cells. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:95-105. [PMID: 30559414 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-018-0328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant vacuoles are dynamic organelles that play essential roles in regulating growth and development. Two distinct models of vacuole biogenesis have been proposed: separate vacuoles are formed by the fusion of endosomes, or the single interconnected vacuole is derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. These two models are based on studies of two-dimensional (2D) transmission electron microscopy and 3D confocal imaging, respectively. Here, we performed 3D electron tomography at nanometre resolution to illustrate vacuole biogenesis in Arabidopsis root cells. The whole-cell electron tomography analysis first identified unique small vacuoles (SVs; 400-1,000 nm in diameter) as nascent vacuoles in early developmental cortical cells. These SVs contained intraluminal vesicles and were mainly derived/matured from multivesicular body (MVB) fusion. The whole-cell vacuole models and statistical analysis on wild-type root cells of different vacuole developmental stages demonstrated that central vacuoles were derived from MVB-to-SV transition and subsequent fusions of SVs. Further electron tomography analysis on mutants defective in MVB formation/maturation or vacuole fusion demonstrated that central vacuole formation required functional MVBs and membrane fusion machineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wenhan Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yilin He
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mayumi Wakazaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Xiaohong Zhuang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiayang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yonglun Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caiji Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiu Yan Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Shing Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ham Karen Lam
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Marcela Rojas-Pierce
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Byung-Ho Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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13
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Liu L, Li J. Communications Between the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Other Organelles During Abiotic Stress Response in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:749. [PMID: 31249578 PMCID: PMC6582665 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To adapt to constantly changing environmental conditions, plants have evolved sophisticated tolerance mechanisms to integrate various stress signals and to coordinate plant growth and development. It is well known that inter-organellar communications play important roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis in response to environmental stresses. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), extending throughout the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, is a central organelle involved in lipid metabolism, Ca2+ homeostasis, and synthesis and folding of secretory and transmembrane proteins crucial to perceive and transduce environmental signals. The ER communicates with the nucleus via the highly conserved unfolded protein response pathway to mitigate ER stress. Importantly, recent studies have revealed that the dynamic ER network physically interacts with other intracellular organelles and endomembrane compartments, such as the Golgi complex, mitochondria, chloroplast, peroxisome, vacuole, and the plasma membrane, through multiple membrane contact sites between closely apposed organelles. In this review, we will discuss the signaling and metabolite exchanges between the ER and other organelles during abiotic stress responses in plants as well as the ER-organelle membrane contact sites and their associated tethering complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linchuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Jianming Li, ;
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14
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Cui Y, Cao W, He Y, Zhao Q, Wakazaki M, Zhuang X, Gao J, Zeng Y, Gao C, Ding Y, Wong HY, Wong WS, Lam HK, Wang P, Ueda T, Rojas-Pierce M, Toyooka K, Kang BH, Jiang L. A whole-cell electron tomography model of vacuole biogenesis in Arabidopsis root cells. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:95-105. [PMID: 30559414 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-018-0328-321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant vacuoles are dynamic organelles that play essential roles in regulating growth and development. Two distinct models of vacuole biogenesis have been proposed: separate vacuoles are formed by the fusion of endosomes, or the single interconnected vacuole is derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. These two models are based on studies of two-dimensional (2D) transmission electron microscopy and 3D confocal imaging, respectively. Here, we performed 3D electron tomography at nanometre resolution to illustrate vacuole biogenesis in Arabidopsis root cells. The whole-cell electron tomography analysis first identified unique small vacuoles (SVs; 400-1,000 nm in diameter) as nascent vacuoles in early developmental cortical cells. These SVs contained intraluminal vesicles and were mainly derived/matured from multivesicular body (MVB) fusion. The whole-cell vacuole models and statistical analysis on wild-type root cells of different vacuole developmental stages demonstrated that central vacuoles were derived from MVB-to-SV transition and subsequent fusions of SVs. Further electron tomography analysis on mutants defective in MVB formation/maturation or vacuole fusion demonstrated that central vacuole formation required functional MVBs and membrane fusion machineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wenhan Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yilin He
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mayumi Wakazaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Xiaohong Zhuang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiayang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yonglun Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caiji Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiu Yan Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Shing Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ham Karen Lam
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Marcela Rojas-Pierce
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Byung-Ho Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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15
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Onelli E, Scali M, Caccianiga M, Stroppa N, Morandini P, Pavesi G, Moscatelli A. Microtubules play a role in trafficking prevacuolar compartments to vacuoles in tobacco pollen tubes. Open Biol 2018; 8:180078. [PMID: 30381363 PMCID: PMC6223213 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine regulation of exocytosis and endocytosis plays a basic role in pollen tube growth. Excess plasma membrane secreted during pollen tube elongation is known to be retrieved by endocytosis and partially reused in secretory pathways through the Golgi apparatus. Dissection of endocytosis has enabled distinct degradation pathways to be identified in tobacco pollen tubes and has shown that microtubules influence the transport of plasma membrane internalized in the tip region to vacuoles. Here, we used different drugs affecting the polymerization state of microtubules together with SYP21, a marker of prevacuolar compartments, to characterize trafficking of prevacuolar compartments in Nicotiana tabacum pollen tubes. Ultrastructural and biochemical analysis showed that microtubules bind SYP21-positive microsomes. Transient transformation of pollen tubes with LAT52-YFP-SYP21 revealed that microtubules play a key role in the delivery of prevacuolar compartments to tubular vacuoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Onelli
- Department of Biosciences, Milan University, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Scali
- Department of Life Science, Siena University, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Caccianiga
- Department of Biosciences, Milan University, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Stroppa
- Department of Biosciences, Milan University, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Piero Morandini
- Department of Biosciences, Milan University, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Pavesi
- Department of Biosciences, Milan University, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
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16
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Rico-Ramírez AM, Roberson RW, Riquelme M. Imaging the secretory compartments involved in the intracellular traffic of CHS-4, a class IV chitin synthase, in Neurospora crassa. Fungal Genet Biol 2018; 117:30-42. [PMID: 29601947 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In Neurospora crassa hyphae the localization of all seven chitin synthases (CHSs) at the Spitzenkörper (SPK) and at developing septa has been well analyzed. Hitherto, the mechanisms of CHSs traffic and sorting from synthesis to delivery sites remain largely unexplored. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae exit of Chs3p from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) requires chaperone Chs7p. Here, we analyzed the role of CSE-7, N. crassa Chs7p orthologue, in the biogenesis of CHS-4 (orthologue of Chs3p). In a N. crassa Δcse-7 mutant, CHS-4-GFP no longer accumulated at the SPK and septa. Instead, fluorescence was retained in hyphal subapical regions in an extensive network of elongated cisternae (NEC) referred to previously as tubular vacuoles. In a complemented strain expressing a copy of cse-7 the localization of CHS-4-GFP at the SPK and septa was restored, providing evidence that CSE-7 is necessary for the localization of CHS-4 at hyphal tips and septa. CSE-7 was revealed at delimited regions of the ER at the immediacies of nuclei, at the NEC, and remarkably also at septa and the SPK. The organization of the NEC was dependent on the cytoskeleton. SEC-63, an extensively used ER marker, and NCA-1, a SERCA-type ATPase previously localized at the nuclear envelope, were used as markers to discern the nature of the membranes containing CSE-7. Both SEC-63 and NCA-1 were found at the nuclear envelope, but also at regions of the NEC. However, at the NEC only NCA-1 co-localized extensively with CSE-7. Observations by transmission electron microscopy revealed abundant rough ER sheets and distinct electron translucent smooth flattened cisternae, which could correspond collectively to the NEC, thorough the subapical cytoplasm. This study identifies CSE-7 as the putative ER receptor for its cognate cargo, the polytopic membrane protein CHS-4, and elucidates the complexity of the ER system in filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana M Rico-Ramírez
- Department of Microbiology, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, BC 22860, Mexico
| | | | - Meritxell Riquelme
- Department of Microbiology, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, BC 22860, Mexico.
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17
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Zamponi N, Zamponi E, Mayol GF, Lanfredi-Rangel A, Svärd SG, Touz MC. Endoplasmic reticulum is the sorting core facility in the Golgi-lacking protozoanGiardia lamblia. Traffic 2017; 18:604-621. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nahuel Zamponi
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC - CONICET; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Córdoba Argentina
| | - Emiliano Zamponi
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC - CONICET; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Córdoba Argentina
| | - Gonzalo F. Mayol
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC - CONICET; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Córdoba Argentina
| | | | - Staffan G. Svärd
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - María C. Touz
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC - CONICET; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Córdoba Argentina
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18
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Krüger F, Schumacher K. Pumping up the volume - vacuole biogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 80:106-112. [PMID: 28694113 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Plant architecture follows the need to collect CO2, solar energy, water and mineral nutrients via large surface areas. It is by the presence of a central vacuole that fills much of the cell volume that plants manage to grow at low metabolic cost. In addition vacuoles buffer the fluctuating supply of essential nutrients and help to detoxify the cytosol when plants are challenged by harmful molecules. Despite their large size and multiple important functions, our knowledge of vacuole biogenesis and the machinery underlying their amazing dynamics is still fragmentary. In this review, we try to reconcile past and present models for vacuole biogenesis with the current knowledge of multiple parallel vacuolar trafficking pathways and the molecular machineries driving membrane fusion and organelle shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falco Krüger
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, DE-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Schumacher
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, DE-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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19
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Pompa A, De Marchis F, Pallotta MT, Benitez-Alfonso Y, Jones A, Schipper K, Moreau K, Žárský V, Di Sansebastiano GP, Bellucci M. Unconventional Transport Routes of Soluble and Membrane Proteins and Their Role in Developmental Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040703. [PMID: 28346345 PMCID: PMC5412289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Many proteins and cargoes in eukaryotic cells are secreted through the conventional secretory pathway that brings proteins and membranes from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane, passing through various cell compartments, and then the extracellular space. The recent identification of an increasing number of leaderless secreted proteins bypassing the Golgi apparatus unveiled the existence of alternative protein secretion pathways. Moreover, other unconventional routes for secretion of soluble or transmembrane proteins with initial endoplasmic reticulum localization were identified. Furthermore, other proteins normally functioning in conventional membrane traffic or in the biogenesis of unique plant/fungi organelles or in plasmodesmata transport seem to be involved in unconventional secretory pathways. These alternative pathways are functionally related to biotic stress and development, and are becoming more and more important in cell biology studies in yeast, mammalian cells and in plants. The city of Lecce hosted specialists working on mammals, plants and microorganisms for the inaugural meeting on “Unconventional Protein and Membrane Traffic” (UPMT) during 4–7 October 2016. The main aim of the meeting was to include the highest number of topics, summarized in this report, related to the unconventional transport routes of protein and membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pompa
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources-Research Division of Perugia, National Research Council (CNR), via della Madonna Alta 130, 06128 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Francesca De Marchis
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources-Research Division of Perugia, National Research Council (CNR), via della Madonna Alta 130, 06128 Perugia, Italy.
| | | | | | - Alexandra Jones
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Kerstin Schipper
- Institute for Microbiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.
| | - Kevin Moreau
- Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK.
| | - Viktor Žárský
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12844, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Experimental Botany, v.v.i., the Czech Academy of Sciences, 16502, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, S.P. 6, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Michele Bellucci
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources-Research Division of Perugia, National Research Council (CNR), via della Madonna Alta 130, 06128 Perugia, Italy.
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20
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Papadia P, Barozzi F, Hoeschele JD, Piro G, Margiotta N, Di Sansebastiano GP. Cisplatin, Oxaliplatin, and Kiteplatin Subcellular Effects Compared in a Plant Model. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020306. [PMID: 28146116 PMCID: PMC5343842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The immediate visual comparison of platinum chemotherapeutics’ effects in eukaryotic cells using accessible plant models of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana is reported. The leading anticancer drug cisplatin, a third generation drug used for colon cancer, oxaliplatin and kiteplatin, promising Pt-based anticancer drugs effective against resistant lines, were administered to transgenic A. thaliana plants monitoring their effects on cells from different tissues. The transgenic plants’ cell cytoskeletons were labelled by the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged microtubule-protein TUA6 (TUA6-GFP), while the vacuolar organization was evidenced by two soluble chimerical GFPs (GFPChi and AleuGFP) and one transmembrane GFP-tagged tonoplast intrinsic protein 1-1 (TIP1.1-GFP). The three drugs showed easily recognizable effects on plant subcellular organization, thereby providing evidence for a differentiated drug targeting. Genetically modified A. thaliana are confirmed as a possible rapid and low-cost screening tool for better understanding the mechanism of action of human anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paride Papadia
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, University of Salento, via Monteroni-Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Barozzi
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, University of Salento, via Monteroni-Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - James D Hoeschele
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA.
| | - Gabriella Piro
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, University of Salento, via Monteroni-Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Nicola Margiotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Gian-Pietro Di Sansebastiano
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, University of Salento, via Monteroni-Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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van de Meene AML, Doblin MS, Bacic A. The plant secretory pathway seen through the lens of the cell wall. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:75-94. [PMID: 26993347 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-0952-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Secretion in plant cells is often studied by looking at well-characterised, evolutionarily conserved membrane proteins associated with particular endomembrane compartments. Studies using live cell microscopy and fluorescent proteins have illuminated the highly dynamic nature of trafficking, and electron microscopy studies have resolved the ultrastructure of many compartments. Biochemical and molecular analyses have further informed about the function of particular proteins and endomembrane compartments. In plants, there are over 40 cell types, each with highly specialised functions, and hence potential variations in cell biological processes and cell wall structure. As the primary function of secretion in plant cells is for the biosynthesis of cell wall polysaccharides and apoplastic transport complexes, it follows that utilising our knowledge of cell wall glycosyltransferases (GTs) and their polysaccharide products will inform us about secretion. Indeed, this knowledge has led to novel insights into the secretory pathway, including previously unseen post-TGN secretory compartments. Conversely, our knowledge of trafficking routes of secretion will inform us about polarised and localised deposition of cell walls and their constituent polysaccharides/glycoproteins. In this review, we look at what is known about cell wall biosynthesis and the secretory pathway and how the different approaches can be used in a complementary manner to study secretion and provide novel insights into these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M L van de Meene
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - M S Doblin
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Antony Bacic
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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22
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Ejzykowicz DE, Locken KM, Ruiz FJ, Manandhar SP, Olson DK, Gharakhanian E. Hygromycin B hypersensitive (hhy) mutants implicate an intact trans-Golgi and late endosome interface in efficient Tor1 vacuolar localization and TORC1 function. Curr Genet 2016; 63:531-551. [PMID: 27812735 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-016-0660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuoles are functionally analogous to mammalian lysosomes. Both also serve as physical platforms for Tor Complex 1 (TORC1) signal transduction, the master regulator of cellular growth and proliferation. Hygromycin B is a eukaryotic translation inhibitor. We recently reported on hygromycin B hypersensitive (hhy) mutants that fail to grow at subtranslation inhibitory concentrations of the drug and exhibit vacuolar defects (Banuelos et al. in Curr Genet 56:121-137, 2010). Here, we show that hhy phenotype is not due to increased sensitivity to translation inhibition and establish a super HHY (s-HHY) subgroup of genes comprised of ARF1, CHC1, DRS2, SAC1, VPS1, VPS34, VPS45, VPS52, and VPS54 that function exclusively or inclusively at trans-Golgi and late endosome interface. Live cell imaging of s-hhy mutants revealed that hygromycin B treatment disrupts vacuolar morphology and the localization of late endosome marker Pep12, but not that of late endosome-independent vacuolar SNARE Vam3. This, along with normal post-late endosome trafficking of the vital dye FM4-64, establishes that severe hypersensitivity to hygromycin B correlates specifically with compromised trans-Golgi and late endosome interface. We also show that Tor1p vacuolar localization and TORC1 anabolic functions, including growth promotion and phosphorylation of its direct substrate Sch9, are compromised in s-hhy mutants. Thus, an intact trans-Golgi and late endosome interface is a requisite for efficient Tor1 vacuolar localization and TORC1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele E Ejzykowicz
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA, 90840, USA
| | - Kristopher M Locken
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA, 90840, USA
| | - Fiona J Ruiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA, 90840, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Biology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Surya P Manandhar
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA, 90840, USA
| | - Daniel K Olson
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA, 90840, USA.,Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography, Research and Education, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Editte Gharakhanian
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA, 90840, USA.
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23
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Sancho-Andrés G, Soriano-Ortega E, Gao C, Bernabé-Orts JM, Narasimhan M, Müller AO, Tejos R, Jiang L, Friml J, Aniento F, Marcote MJ. Sorting Motifs Involved in the Trafficking and Localization of the PIN1 Auxin Efflux Carrier. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:1965-82. [PMID: 27208248 PMCID: PMC4936568 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In contrast with the wealth of recent reports about the function of μ-adaptins and clathrin adaptor protein (AP) complexes, there is very little information about the motifs that determine the sorting of membrane proteins within clathrin-coated vesicles in plants. Here, we investigated putative sorting signals in the large cytosolic loop of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PIN-FORMED1 (PIN1) auxin transporter, which are involved in binding μ-adaptins and thus in PIN1 trafficking and localization. We found that Phe-165 and Tyr-280, Tyr-328, and Tyr-394 are involved in the binding of different μ-adaptins in vitro. However, only Phe-165, which binds μA(μ2)- and μD(μ3)-adaptin, was found to be essential for PIN1 trafficking and localization in vivo. The PIN1:GFP-F165A mutant showed reduced endocytosis but also localized to intracellular structures containing several layers of membranes and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) markers, suggesting that they correspond to ER or ER-derived membranes. While PIN1:GFP localized normally in a μA (μ2)-adaptin mutant, it accumulated in big intracellular structures containing LysoTracker in a μD (μ3)-adaptin mutant, consistent with previous results obtained with mutants of other subunits of the AP-3 complex. Our data suggest that Phe-165, through the binding of μA (μ2)- and μD (μ3)-adaptin, is important for PIN1 endocytosis and for PIN1 trafficking along the secretory pathway, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Sancho-Andrés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain (G.S.-A., E.S.-O., J.M.B.-O., F.A., M.J.M.);Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klostenburg, Austria (M.N., A.O.M., R.T., J.F.); andSchool of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (C.G., L.J.)
| | - Esther Soriano-Ortega
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain (G.S.-A., E.S.-O., J.M.B.-O., F.A., M.J.M.);Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klostenburg, Austria (M.N., A.O.M., R.T., J.F.); andSchool of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (C.G., L.J.)
| | - Caiji Gao
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain (G.S.-A., E.S.-O., J.M.B.-O., F.A., M.J.M.);Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klostenburg, Austria (M.N., A.O.M., R.T., J.F.); andSchool of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (C.G., L.J.)
| | - Joan Miquel Bernabé-Orts
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain (G.S.-A., E.S.-O., J.M.B.-O., F.A., M.J.M.);Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klostenburg, Austria (M.N., A.O.M., R.T., J.F.); andSchool of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (C.G., L.J.)
| | - Madhumitha Narasimhan
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain (G.S.-A., E.S.-O., J.M.B.-O., F.A., M.J.M.);Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klostenburg, Austria (M.N., A.O.M., R.T., J.F.); andSchool of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (C.G., L.J.)
| | - Anna Ophelia Müller
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain (G.S.-A., E.S.-O., J.M.B.-O., F.A., M.J.M.);Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klostenburg, Austria (M.N., A.O.M., R.T., J.F.); andSchool of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (C.G., L.J.)
| | - Ricardo Tejos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain (G.S.-A., E.S.-O., J.M.B.-O., F.A., M.J.M.);Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klostenburg, Austria (M.N., A.O.M., R.T., J.F.); andSchool of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (C.G., L.J.)
| | - Liwen Jiang
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain (G.S.-A., E.S.-O., J.M.B.-O., F.A., M.J.M.);Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klostenburg, Austria (M.N., A.O.M., R.T., J.F.); andSchool of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (C.G., L.J.)
| | - Jiří Friml
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain (G.S.-A., E.S.-O., J.M.B.-O., F.A., M.J.M.);Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klostenburg, Austria (M.N., A.O.M., R.T., J.F.); andSchool of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (C.G., L.J.)
| | - Fernando Aniento
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain (G.S.-A., E.S.-O., J.M.B.-O., F.A., M.J.M.);Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klostenburg, Austria (M.N., A.O.M., R.T., J.F.); andSchool of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (C.G., L.J.)
| | - María Jesús Marcote
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain (G.S.-A., E.S.-O., J.M.B.-O., F.A., M.J.M.);Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klostenburg, Austria (M.N., A.O.M., R.T., J.F.); andSchool of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (C.G., L.J.)
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24
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Cui Y, Shen J, Gao C, Zhuang X, Wang J, Jiang L. Biogenesis of Plant Prevacuolar Multivesicular Bodies. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:774-86. [PMID: 26836198 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant prevacuolar compartments (PVCs), or multivesicular bodies (MVBs), are single membrane-bound organelles that play important roles in mediating protein trafficking to vacuoles in the secretory pathway. PVC/MVB also serves as a late endosome in the endocytic pathway in plants. Since the plant PVC was identified as an MVB more than 10 years ago, great progress has been made toward the understanding of PVC/MVB function and biogenesis in plants. In this review, we first summarize previous research into the identification and characterization of plant PVCs/MVBs, and then highlight recent advances on the mechanisms underlying intraluminal vesicle formation and maturation of plant PVCs/MVBs. In addition, we discuss the possible crosstalk that appears to occur between PVCs/MVBs and autophagosomes during autophagy in plants. Finally, we list some open questions and present future perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinbo Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caiji Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Department of Biology, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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25
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Plant virus replication and movement. Virology 2015; 479-480:657-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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De Caroli M, Lenucci MS, Manualdi F, Dalessandro G, De Lorenzo G, Piro G. Molecular dissection of Phaseolus vulgaris polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein 2 reveals the presence of hold/release domains affecting protein trafficking toward the cell wall. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:660. [PMID: 26379688 PMCID: PMC4550104 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The plant endomembrane system is massively involved in the synthesis, transport and secretion of cell wall polysaccharides and proteins; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying trafficking toward the apoplast are largely unknown. Besides constitutive, the existence of a regulated secretory pathway has been proposed. A polygalacturonase inhibitor protein (PGIP2), known to move as soluble cargo and reach the cell wall through a mechanism distinguishable from default, was dissected in its main functional domains (A, B, C, D), and C sub-fragments (C1-10), to identify signals essential for its regulated targeting. The secretion patterns of the fluorescent chimeras obtained by fusing different PGIP2 domains to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) were analyzed. PGIP2 N-terminal and leucine-rich repeat domains (B and C, respectively) seem to operate as holding/releasing signals, respectively, during PGIP2 transit through the Golgi. The B domain slows down PGIP2 secretion by transiently interacting with Golgi membranes. Its depletion leads, in fact, to the secretion via default (Sp2-susceptible) of the ACD-GFP chimera faster than PGIP2. Depending on its length (at least the first 5 leucine-rich repeats are required), the C domain modulates B interaction with Golgi membranes allowing the release of chimeras and their extracellular secretion through a Sp2 independent pathway. The addition of the vacuolar sorting determinant Chi to PGIP2 diverts the path of the protein from cell wall to vacuole, suggesting that C domain is a releasing rather than a cell wall sorting signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica De Caroli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del SalentoLecce, Italy
| | - Marcello S. Lenucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del SalentoLecce, Italy
| | - Francesca Manualdi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del SalentoLecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Dalessandro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del SalentoLecce, Italy
| | - Giulia De Lorenzo
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie Charles Darwin, Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Piro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del SalentoLecce, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gabriella Piro, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, via prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
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27
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Uemura T, Ueda T. Plant vacuolar trafficking driven by RAB and SNARE proteins. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 22:116-121. [PMID: 25460076 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-bounded organelles are connected to each other by membrane trafficking, which is accomplished by membrane fusion between transport vesicles and target organelles mediated by RAB GTPases and SNARE proteins. Of those trafficking pathways networking plant organelles, the vacuolar trafficking pathway has recently been shown to be uniquely diversified from non-plant systems, most likely reflecting unique functions of plant vacuoles such as the storage of proteins and other organic compounds, generation of turgor pressure, and space-filling to enlarge plant bodies. Plant-unique trafficking machineries in addition to evolutionarily conserved molecular components are allocated to this trafficking pathway in distinctive ways. In this review, we summarize recent findings on SNARE proteins and RAB GTPases mediating vacuolar transport in plants, especially focusing on the functions and regulation of two distinct trans-SNARE complexes and RAB5 and RAB7 in multiple vacuolar trafficking pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Uemura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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28
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Di Sansebastiano GP, Rizzello F, Durante M, Caretto S, Nisi R, De Paolis A, Faraco M, Montefusco A, Piro G, Mita G. Subcellular compartmentalization in protoplasts from Artemisia annua cell cultures: engineering attempts using a modified SNARE protein. J Biotechnol 2014; 202:146-52. [PMID: 25451863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Plants are ideal bioreactors for the production of macromolecules but transport mechanisms are not fully understood and cannot be easily manipulated. Several attempts to overproduce recombinant proteins or secondary metabolites failed. Because of an independent regulation of the storage compartment, the product may be rapidly degraded or cause self-intoxication. The case of the anti-malarial compound artemisinin produced by Artemisia annua plants is emblematic. The accumulation of artemisinin naturally occurs in the apoplast of glandular trichomes probably involving autophagy and unconventional secretion thus its production by undifferentiated tissues such as cell suspension cultures can be challenging. Here we characterize the subcellular compartmentalization of several known fluorescent markers in protoplasts derived from Artemisia suspension cultures and explore the possibility to modify compartmentalization using a modified SNARE protein as molecular tool to be used in future biotechnological applications. We focused on the observation of the vacuolar organization in vivo and the truncated form of AtSYP51, 51H3, was used to induce a compartment generated by the contribution of membrane from endocytosis and from endoplasmic reticulum to vacuole trafficking. The artificial compartment crossing exocytosis and endocytosis may trap artemisinin stabilizing it until extraction; indeed, it is able to increase total enzymatic activity of a vacuolar marker (RGUSChi), probably increasing its stability. Exploring the 51H3-induced compartment we gained new insights on the function of the SNARE SYP51, recently shown to be an interfering-SNARE, and new hints to engineer eukaryote endomembranes for future biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano
- DiSTeBA (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Francesca Rizzello
- CNR - ISPA (Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari), Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Miriana Durante
- CNR - ISPA (Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari), Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Sofia Caretto
- CNR - ISPA (Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari), Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Rossella Nisi
- CNR - ISPA (Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari), Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; DII (Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Angelo De Paolis
- CNR - ISPA (Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari), Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Marianna Faraco
- DiSTeBA (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Anna Montefusco
- DiSTeBA (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Gabriella Piro
- DiSTeBA (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mita
- CNR - ISPA (Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari), Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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29
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Zhang C, Hicks GR, Raikhel NV. Plant vacuole morphology and vacuolar trafficking. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:476. [PMID: 25309565 PMCID: PMC4173805 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant vacuoles are essential organelles for plant growth and development, and have multiple functions. Vacuoles are highly dynamic and pleiomorphic, and their size varies depending on the cell type and growth conditions. Vacuoles compartmentalize different cellular components such as proteins, sugars, ions and other secondary metabolites and play critical roles in plants response to different biotic/abiotic signaling pathways. In this review, we will summarize the patterns of changes in vacuole morphology in certain cell types, our understanding of the mechanisms of plant vacuole biogenesis, and the role of SNAREs and Rab GTPases in vacuolar trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Zhang
- *Correspondence: Chunhua Zhang, Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California at Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA e-mail:
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30
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Kang H, Hwang I. Vacuolar Sorting Receptor-Mediated Trafficking of Soluble Vacuolar Proteins in Plant Cells. PLANTS 2014; 3:392-408. [PMID: 27135510 PMCID: PMC4844349 DOI: 10.3390/plants3030392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Vacuoles are one of the most prominent organelles in plant cells, and they play various important roles, such as degradation of waste materials, storage of ions and metabolites, and maintaining turgor. During the past two decades, numerous advances have been made in understanding how proteins are specifically delivered to the vacuole. One of the most crucial steps in this process is specific sorting of soluble vacuolar proteins. Vacuolar sorting receptors (VSRs), which are type I membrane proteins, are involved in the sorting and packaging of soluble vacuolar proteins into transport vesicles with the help of various accessory proteins. To date, large amounts of data have led to the development of two different models describing VSR-mediated vacuolar trafficking that are radically different in multiple ways, particularly regarding the location of cargo binding to, and release from, the VSR and the types of carriers utilized. In this review, we summarize current literature aimed at elucidating VSR-mediated vacuolar trafficking and compare the two models with respect to the sorting signals of vacuolar proteins, as well as the molecular machinery involved in VSR-mediated vacuolar trafficking and its action mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyangju Kang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea.
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea.
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Hurlock AK, Roston RL, Wang K, Benning C. Lipid trafficking in plant cells. Traffic 2014; 15:915-32. [PMID: 24931800 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Plant cells contain unique organelles such as chloroplasts with an extensive photosynthetic membrane. In addition, specialized epidermal cells produce an extracellular cuticle composed primarily of lipids, and storage cells accumulate large amounts of storage lipids. As lipid assembly is associated only with discrete membranes or organelles, there is a need for extensive lipid trafficking within plant cells, more so in specialized cells and sometimes also in response to changing environmental conditions such as phosphate deprivation. Because of the complexity of plant lipid metabolism and the inherent recalcitrance of membrane lipid transporters, the mechanisms of lipid transport within plant cells are not yet fully understood. Recently, several new proteins have been implicated in different aspects of plant lipid trafficking. While these proteins provide only first insights into limited aspects of lipid transport phenomena in plant cells, they represent exciting opportunities for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Hurlock
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Department of Energy-Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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Stigliano E, Di Sansebastiano GP, Neuhaus JM. Contribution of chitinase A's C-terminal vacuolar sorting determinant to the study of soluble protein compartmentation. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:11030-9. [PMID: 24945312 PMCID: PMC4100196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150611030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant chitinases have been studied for their importance in the defense of crop plants from pathogen attacks and for their peculiar vacuolar sorting determinants. A peculiarity of the sequence of many family 19 chitinases is the presence of a C-terminal extension that seems to be important for their correct recognition by the vacuole sorting machinery. The 7 amino acids long C-terminal vacuolar sorting determinant (CtVSD) of tobacco chitinase A is necessary and sufficient for the transport to the vacuole. This VSD shares no homology with other CtVSDs such as the phaseolin’s tetrapeptide AFVY (AlaPheValTyr) and it is also sorted by different mechanisms. While a receptor for this signal has not yet been convincingly identified, the research using the chitinase CtVSD has been very informative, leading to the observation of phenomena otherwise difficult to observe such as the presence of separate vacuoles in differentiating cells and the existence of a Golgi-independent route to the vacuole. Thanks to these new insights in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-vacuole transport, GFPChi (Green Fluorescent Protein carrying the chitinase A CtVSD) and other markers based on chitinase signals will continue to help the investigation of vacuolar biogenesis in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egidio Stigliano
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, Neuchâtel CH-2000, Switzerland.
| | - Gian-Pietro Di Sansebastiano
- DiSTeBA (Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, S.P. 6, Lecce-Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy.
| | - Jean-Marc Neuhaus
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, Neuchâtel CH-2000, Switzerland.
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Delivering of proteins to the plant vacuole--an update. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:7611-23. [PMID: 24802873 PMCID: PMC4057694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15057611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Trafficking of soluble cargo to the vacuole is far from being a closed issue as it can occur by different routes and involve different intermediates. The textbook view of proteins being sorted at the post-Golgi level to the lytic vacuole via the pre-vacuole or to the protein storage vacuole mediated by dense vesicles is now challenged as novel routes are being disclosed and vacuoles with intermediate characteristics described. The identification of Vacuolar Sorting Determinants is a key signature to understand protein trafficking to the vacuole. Despite the long established vacuolar signals, some others have been described in the last few years, with different properties that can be specific for some cells or some types of vacuoles. There are also reports of proteins having two different vacuolar signals and their significance is questionable: a way to increase the efficiency of the sorting or different sorting depending on the protein roles in a specific context? Along came the idea of differential vacuolar sorting, suggesting a possible specialization of the trafficking pathways according to the type of cell and specific needs. In this review, we show the recent advances in the field and focus on different aspects of protein trafficking to the vacuoles.
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Brandizzi F, Frigerio L, Howell SH, Schäfer P. Endoplasmic reticulum-shape and function in stress translation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:425. [PMID: 25225498 PMCID: PMC4150462 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Brandizzi
- Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Energy, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
- *Correspondence: ; ; ;
| | - Lorenzo Frigerio
- School of Life Sciences, University of WarwickCoventry, UK
- *Correspondence: ; ; ;
| | - Stephen H. Howell
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Plant Sciences Institute, Iowa State UniversityAmes, IA, USA
- *Correspondence: ; ; ;
| | - Patrick Schäfer
- School of Life Sciences, University of WarwickCoventry, UK
- *Correspondence: ; ; ;
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Arcalis E, Ibl V, Peters J, Melnik S, Stoger E. The dynamic behavior of storage organelles in developing cereal seeds and its impact on the production of recombinant proteins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:439. [PMID: 25232360 PMCID: PMC4153030 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cereal endosperm is a highly differentiated tissue containing specialized organelles for the accumulation of storage proteins, which are ultimately deposited either within protein bodies derived from the endoplasmic reticulum, or in protein storage vacuoles (PSVs). During seed maturation endosperm cells undergo a rapid sequence of developmental changes, including extensive reorganization and rearrangement of the endomembrane system and protein transport via several developmentally regulated trafficking routes. Storage organelles have been characterized in great detail by the histochemical analysis of fixed immature tissue samples. More recently, in vivo imaging and the use of tonoplast markers and fluorescent organelle tracers have provided further insight into the dynamic morphology of PSVs in different cell layers of the developing endosperm. This is relevant for biotechnological applications in the area of molecular farming because seed storage organelles in different cereal crops offer alternative subcellular destinations for the deposition of recombinant proteins that can reduce proteolytic degradation, allow control over glycan structures and increase the efficacy of oral delivery. We discuss how the specialized architecture and developmental changes of the endomembrane system in endosperm cells may influence the subcellular fate and post-translational modification of recombinant glycoproteins in different cereal species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eva Stoger
- *Correspondence: Eva Stoger, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria e-mail:
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