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Li H, Wang C, Zhang B, Liu H, Hammond JP, Wang X, Ding G, Cai H, Wang S, Xu F, Shi L. Trade-offs between root-secreted acid phosphatase and root morphology traits, and their contribution to phosphorus acquisition in Brassica napus. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14247. [PMID: 38499953 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is one of the most important oil crops in the world and shows sensitivity to low phosphorus (P) availability. In many soils, organic P (Po) is the main component of the soil P pool. Po must be mineralised to Pi through phosphatases, and then taken up by plants. However, the relationship between root-secreted acid phosphatases (APase) and root morphology traits, two important P-acquisition strategies in response to P deficiency, is unclear among B. napus genotypes. This study aimed to understand their relationship and how they affect P acquisition, which is crucial for the sustainable utilisation of agricultural P resources. This study showed significant genotypic variations in root-secreted APase activity per unit root fresh weight (SAP) and total root-secreted APase activity per plant (total SAP) among 350 B. napus genotypes. Seed yield was positively correlated with total SAP but not significantly correlated with SAP. Six root traits of 18 B. napus genotypes with contrasting root biomass were compared under normal Pi, low Pi and Po. Genotypes with longer total root length (TRL) reduced SAP, but those with shorter TRL increased SAP under P deficiency. Additionally, TRL was important in P-acquisition under three P treatments, and total SAP was also important in P-acquisition under Po treatment. In conclusion, trade-offs existed between the two P-acquisition strategies among B. napus genotypes under P-deficient conditions. Total SAP was an important root trait under Po conditions. These results might help to breed B. napus with greater P-acquisition ability under low P availability conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haijiang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - John P Hammond
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Guangda Ding
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongmei Cai
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheliang Wang
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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2
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Tantriani, Cheng W, Oikawa A, Tawaraya K. Phosphorus deficiency alters root length, acid phosphatase activity, organic acids, and metabolites in root exudates of soybean cultivars. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14107. [PMID: 38148232 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency alters the root morphological and physiological traits of plants. This study investigates how soybean cultivars with varying low-P tolerance values respond to different P levels in hydroponic culture by assessing alterations in root length, acid phosphatase activity, organic acid exudation, and metabolites in root exudates. Three low-P-tolerant cultivars ('Maetsue,' 'Kurotome,' and 'Fukuyutaka') and three low-P-sensitive cultivars ('Ihhon,' 'Chizuka,' and 'Komuta') were grown under 0 (P0) and 258 μM P (P8) for 7 and 14 days after transplantation (DAT). Low-P-tolerant cultivars increased root length by 31% and 119%, which was lower than the 62% and 144% increases in sensitive cultivars under P0 compared to P8 at 7 and 14 DAT, respectively. Acid phosphatase activity in low-P-tolerant cultivars exceeded that in sensitive cultivars by 5.2-fold and 2.0-fold at 7 and 14 DAT. Root exudates from each cultivar revealed 177 metabolites, with higher organic acid exudation in low-P-tolerant than sensitive cultivars under P0. Low-P-tolerant cultivars increased concentrations of specific metabolites (oxalate, GABA, quinate, citrate, AMP, 4-pyridoxate, and CMP), distinguishing them from low-P-sensitive cultivars under P0. The top five metabolomic pathways (purine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, TCA cycle, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism) were more pronounced in low-P-tolerant cultivars at 14 DAT. These findings indicate that increasing root length was not an adaptation strategy under P deficiency; instead, tolerant cultivars exhibit enhanced root physiological traits, including increased acid phosphatase activity, organic acid exudation, specific metabolite release, and accelerated metabolic pathways under P deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tantriani
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Iwate, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Weiguo Cheng
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Akira Oikawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Keitaro Tawaraya
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Iwate, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
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Wen F, Chen S, Wang Y, Wu Q, Yan J, Pei J, Zhou T. The synthesis of Paris saponin VII mainly occurs in leaves and is promoted by light intensity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1199215. [PMID: 37575916 PMCID: PMC10420111 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1199215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Unraveling the specific organs and tissues involved in saponin synthesis, as well as the light regulatory mechanisms, is crucial for improving the quality of artificially cultivated medicinal materials of Paris plants. Paris saponin VII (PS VII), a high-value active ingredient, is found in almost all organs of Paris plant species. In this study, we focused on Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand. - Mzt. (PPY) and found that PS VII synthesis predominantly occurs in leaves and is increased by high light intensity. This intriguing discovery has unveiled the potential for manipulating non-traditional medicinal organ leaves to improve the quality of medicinal organ rhizomes. The analysis of the impact of organ differences on saponin concentration in P. polyphylla var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara (PPC), P. fargesii Franch. (PF), and PPY revealed consistency among the three Paris species and was mainly dominated by PS VII. Notably, the leaves and stems exhibited much higher proportions of PS VII than other organs, accounting for 80-90% of the four main saponins. Among the three Paris species, PPY had the highest concentration of PS VII and was selected for subsequent experiments. Further investigations on saponin subcellular localization, temporal variation, and stem wound fluid composition demonstrated that PS VII is synthesized in mesophyll cells, released into the intercellular space through exocytosis, and then transported to the rhizome via vascular tissue. These findings confirm the significant role of leaves in PS VII synthesis. Additionally, a 13C-glucose feeding to trace PS VII biosynthesis revealed that only PS VII in the leaves exhibited incorporation of the labeled carbon, despite conducting 13C-glucose feeding in leaves, stems, rhizomes, and roots. Thus, the leaves are indeed the primary organ for PS VII synthesis in PPY. Furthermore, compared with plants under 100 μmol m-2 s-1, plants under 400 μmol m-2 s-1 exhibited a higher PS VII concentration, particularly in the upper epidermal cells of the leaves. We propose that high light intensity promotes PS VII synthesis in leaves through three mechanisms: (1) increased availability of substrates for saponin synthesis; (2) protection of leaves from high light damage through enhanced saponin synthesis; and (3) enhanced compartmentalization of saponins within the leaves, which in turn feedback regulates saponin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Iqbal A, Qiang D, Xiangru W, Huiping G, Hengheng Z, Xiling Z, Meizhen S. Phosphorus and carbohydrate metabolism contributes to low phosphorus tolerance in cotton. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:97. [PMID: 36792994 PMCID: PMC9933316 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Low phosphorus (P) is one of the limiting factors in sustainable cotton production. However, little is known about the performance of contrasting low P tolerant cotton genotypes that might be a possible option to grow in low P condition. In the current study, we characterized the response of two cotton genotypes, Jimian169 a strong low P tolerant, and DES926 a weak low P tolerant genotypes under low and normal P conditions. The results showed that low P greatly inhibited growth, dry matter production, photosynthesis, and enzymatic activities related to antioxidant system and carbohydrate metabolism and the inhibition was more in DES926 as compared to Jimian169. In contrast, low P improved root morphology, carbohydrate accumulation, and P metabolism, especially in Jimian169, whereas the opposite responses were observed for DES926. The strong low P tolerance in Jimian169 is linked with a better root system and enhanced P and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting that Jimian169 is a model genotype for cotton breeding. Results thus indicate that the Jimian169, compared with DES926, tolerates low P by enhancing carbohydrate metabolism and by inducing the activity of several enzymes related to P metabolism. This apparently causes rapid P turnover and enables the Jimian169 to use P more efficiently. Moreover, the transcript level of the key genes could provide useful information to study the molecular mechanism of low P tolerance in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Agriculture, Hazara University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 21120, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Dong Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Xiangru
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China
| | - Gui Huiping
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Hengheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Xiling
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China
| | - Song Meizhen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China.
- Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China.
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5
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Yang T, Yang S, Chen Z, Tan Y, Bol R, Duan H, He J. Global transcriptomic analysis reveals candidate genes associated with different phosphorus acquisition strategies among soybean varieties. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1080014. [PMID: 36600925 PMCID: PMC9806128 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1080014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Soybean adapts to phosphorus-deficient soils through three important phosphorus acquisition strategies, namely altered root conformation, exudation of carboxylic acids, and symbiosis with clumping mycorrhizal fungi. However, the trade-offs and regulatory mechanisms of these three phosphorus acquisition strategies in soybean have not been researched. Methods In this study, we investigated the responses of ten different soybean varieties to low soil phosphorus availability by determining biomass, phosphorus accumulation, root morphology, exudation, and mycorrhizal colonization rate. Furthermore, the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying root phosphorus acquisition strategies were examined among varieties with different low-phosphorus tolerance using transcriptome sequencing and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Results and discussion The results showed that two types of phosphorus acquisition strategies-"outsourcing" and "do-it-yourself"-were employed by soybean varieties under low phosphorus availability. The "do-it-yourself" varieties, represented by QD11, Zh30, and Sd, obtained sufficient phosphorus by increasing their root surface area and secreting carboxylic acids. In contrast, the "outsourcing" varieties, represented by Zh301, Zh13, and Hc6, used increased symbiosis with mycorrhizae to obtain phosphorus owing to their large root diameters. Transcriptome analysis showed that the direction of acetyl-CoA metabolism could be the dividing line between the two strategies of soybean selection. ERF1 and WRKY1 may be involved in the regulation of phosphorus acquisition strategies for soybeans grown under low P environments. These findings will enhance our understanding of phosphorus acquisition strategies in soybeans. In addition, they will facilitate the development of breeding strategies that are more flexible to accommodate a variety of production scenarios in agriculture under low phosphorus environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongli Yang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Songhua Yang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Agricultural Ecological Environment and Resources Protection Station of Bijie Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuechen Tan
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Roland Bol
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Agrosphere (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
- School of Natural Sciences, Environment Centre Wales, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom
| | - Honglang Duan
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jin He
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Aski M, Mehra R, Mishra GP, Singh D, Yadav P, Rai N, Reddy VRP, MB AK, Pandey R, Singh MP, Gayacharan, Bansal R, Tripathi K, Udupa SM, Kumar S, Sarker A, Dikshit HK. Genotypic variation in root architectural traits under contrasting phosphorus levels in Mediterranean and Indian origin lentil genotypes. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12766. [PMID: 35291490 PMCID: PMC8918163 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of phosphorus-efficient crop cultivars boosts productivity while lowering eutrophication in the environment. It is feasible to improve the efficiency of phosphorus (P) absorption in lentils by enhancing phosphorus absorption through root architectural traits. The root architectural traits of 110 diverse lentil genotypes of Indian and Mediterranean origin were assessed, and the relationships between traits were investigated. In a hydroponics experiment, the lentil lines were examined at the seedling stage under two conditions: adequate P supply and deficient P supply. The Pearson correlation coefficients between root architectural traits and genetic diversity among lentil lines were assessed. To estimate variance components, a model (fixed factor) was used. In this experiment, both phosphorus (P) and genotype were fixed variables. Our lentil lines showed significant genetic variability and considerable genetic diversity for all traits under both treatments. The TRL (total root length) and PRL (primary root length) showed strong positive associations with all other characteristics excluding root average diameter (RAD) in both P treatments. In both P treatments, the RAD revealed a negative significant association with Total Root Tips (TRT), as well as total root volume (TRV) and total root forks (TRF) in the deficit conditions of P. Total root volume (TRV), total surface area (TSA), and total root tips had higher coefficient variance values. The first two principal components represented 67.88% and 66.19% of the overall variance in the adequate and deficit P treatments respectively. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H') revealed that RAD, PRL, and TSA had more variability than TRT and TRF under both treatments. According to the Comprehensive Phosphorus Efficiency Measure (CPEM), the best five highly efficient genotypes are PLL 18-09, PLS 18-01, PLL 18-25, PLS 18-23, and PLL 18-07, while IG112131, P560206, IG334, L11-231, and PLS18-67 are highly inefficient genotypes. The above contrasting diverse lentil genotypes can be utilized to produce P-efficient lentil cultivars. The lentil germplasm with potentially favorable root traits can be suggested to evaluated for other abiotic stress to use them in crop improvement programme. The scientific breakthroughs in root trait phenotyping have improved the chances of establishing trait-allele relationships. As a result, genotype-to-phenotype connections can be predicted and verified with exceptional accuracy, making it easier to find and incorporate favourable nutrition-related genes/QTLs in to breeding programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muraleedhar Aski
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Reena Mehra
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Mishra
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Dharmendra Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Prachi Yadav
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Neha Rai
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Arun Kumar MB
- Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Renu Pandey
- Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Madan Pal Singh
- Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Gayacharan
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sripada M. Udupa
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ashutosh Sarker
- India International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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7
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Reddy VRP, Dikshit HK, Mishra GP, Aski M, Singh A, Bansal R, Pandey R, Nair RM. Comparison of different selection traits for identification of phosphorus use efficient lines in mungbean. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12156. [PMID: 34707926 PMCID: PMC8504459 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the major constraints for crop growth and development, owing to low availability and least mobility in many tropical soil conditions. Categorization of existing germplasm under P deficient conditions is a prerequisite for the selection and development of P efficient genotypes in the mungbean. In the present investigation, 36 diverse genotypes were categorized for phosphorus use efficiency traits using four different techniques for identification of phosphorus use efficient mungbean genotypes. The studied genotypes were categorized for P efficiency based on efficiency, responsiveness, and stress tolerance score of genotypes under normal and low P conditions. The mean values of traits, root dry mass, root to shoot ratio, and P utilization efficiency are significantly higher under low P conditions indicating the high responsiveness of traits to P deficiency. The presence of significant interaction between genotypes and P treatment indicates the evaluated genotypes were significantly affected by P treatment for studied traits. The total P uptake showed significant and positive correlations with root dry mass, shoot dry mass, total dry mass,and P concentration under both P regimes. Out of the four techniques used for the categorization of genotypes for P efficiency, three techniques revealed that the genotype PUSA 1333, followed by Pusa Vishal, PUSA 1031, and Pusa Ratna is efficient. The categorization based on stress tolerance score is the finest way to study variation and for the selection of contrasting genotypes for P efficiency. The identified P efficient genotypes would be valuable resources for genetic enhancement of P use efficiency in mungbean breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Ravi Prakash Reddy
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.,Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal, India
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Mishra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Muraleedhar Aski
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.,Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Renu Pandey
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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8
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Deng Y, Qiao S, Wang W, Zhang W, Gu J, Liu L, Zhang H, Wang Z, Yang J. Tolerance to low phosphorus was enhanced by an alternate wetting and drying regime in rice. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Shengfeng Qiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Weilu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Weiyang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Junfei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Jianchang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
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Panchal P, Miller AJ, Giri J. Organic acids: versatile stress-response roles in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4038-4052. [PMID: 33471895 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic acids (OAs) are central to cellular metabolism. Many plant stress responses involve the exudation of OAs at the root-soil interface, which can improve soil mineral acquisition and toxic metal tolerance. Because of their simple structure, the low-molecular-weight OAs are widely studied. We discuss the conventional roles of OAs, and some newly emerging roles in plant stress tolerance. OAs are more versatile in their role in plant stress tolerance and are more efficient chelating agents than other acids, such as amino acids. Root OA exudation is important in soil carbon sequestration. These functions are key processes in combating climate change and helping with more sustainable food production. We briefly review the mechanisms behind enhanced biosynthesis, secretion, and regulation of these activities under different stresses, and provide an outline of the transgenic approaches targeted towards the enhanced production and secretion of OAs. A recurring theme of OAs in plant biology is their role as 'acids' modifying pH, as 'chelators' binding metals, or as 'carbon sources' for microbes. We argue that these multiple functions are key factors for understanding these molecules' important roles in plant stress biology. Finally, we discuss how the functions of OAs in plant stress responses could be used, and identify the important unanswered questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Panchal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Anthony J Miller
- Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
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10
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Beroueg A, Lecompte F, Mollier A, Pagès L. Genetic Variation in Root Architectural Traits in Lactuca and Their Roles in Increasing Phosphorus-Use-Efficiency in Response to Low Phosphorus Availability. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:658321. [PMID: 34012460 PMCID: PMC8128164 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.658321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Low phosphorus (P) bioavailability in the soil and concerns over global P reserves have emphasized the need to cultivate plants that acquire and use P efficiently. Root architecture adaptation to low P can be variable depending on species or even genotypes. To assess the genetic variability of root architectural traits and their responses to low P in the Lactuca genus, we examined fourteen genotypes including wild species, ancient and commercial lettuce cultivars at low (LP, 0.1 mmol. L-1) and high P (HP, 1 mmol. L-1). Plants were grown in cylindrical pots adapted for the excavation and observation of root systems, with an inert substrate. We identified substantial genetic variation in all the investigated root traits, as well as an effect of P availability on these traits, except on the diameter of thinner roots. At low P, the main responses were a decrease in taproot diameter, an increase in taproot dominance over its laterals and an increase in the inter-branch distance. Although the genotype x P treatment effect was limited to root depth, we identified a tradeoff between the capacity to maintain a thick taproot at low P and the dominance of the taproot over its laterals. Regardless of the P level, the phosphorus-use-efficiency (PUE) varied among lettuce genotypes and was significantly correlated with total root biomass regardless of the P level. As taproot depth and maximum apical diameter were the principal determinants of total root biomass, the relative increase in PUE at low P was observed in genotypes that showed the thickest apical diameters and/or those whose maximal apical diameter was not severely decreased at low P availability. This pre-eminence of the taproot in the adaptation of Lactuca genotypes to low P contrasts with other species which rely more on lateral roots to adapt to P stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alain Mollier
- ISPA Unit, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Loïc Pagès
- PSH Unit, INRAE, F-84914, Avignon, France
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11
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Raza A, Asghar MA, Hussain S, Bin C, Shafiq I, Ahmad I, Ghafoor A, Karim H, Iqbal T, Yang W, Weiguo L. Optimal NH 4 + /NO 3 - ratios enhance the shade tolerance of soybean seedlings under low light conditions. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:464-472. [PMID: 33215799 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the maize-soybean intercropping system, shade is the major chronic restraint that affects normal growth of soybean. Different spatial patterns of this system affect the microclimate of soybean through shading from maize plants. However, the negative impacts of shading stress can be mitigated by providing optimal ratios of different fertilizers. Therefore, to test this hypothesis, soybean plants were grown under different light conditions (normal light or shade) to evaluate the response to varying NH4 + /NO3 - ratios. Seeds of soybean (Glycine max L. cv. Nan-99-6) were grown in nutrient solution with a total concentration of 5 mM N using different NH4 + /NO3 - ratios (T0 = 0:0, T1 = 0:100, T2 = 25:75, T3 = 50:50 and T4 = 75:25) for 40 days in a greenhouse at PPFD 320.95 μmol m-2 s-1 (low light) or 967.53 μmol m-2 s-1 (normal light). Under low light, growth and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings significantly decreased as compared to normal light conditions. However, the optimal ratios of NH4 + / NO3 - improved growth and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings under both light conditions. Our results indicated that soybean seedlings supplied with optimal NH4 + /NO3 - ratios (25:75 and 50:50) have maximum biomass yield, chlorophyll pigments, leaf gas exchange, photochemical activity and root growth as compared to low and high NH4 + /NO3 - ratios (T1 and T4 ). High ratios of NH4 + /NO3 - (T4 ) resulted in reduced plant growth due to nutrient accumulation in plant tissues; therefore, we suggest that optimal ratios of NH4 + /NO3 - (T2 and T3 ) can enhance the shade tolerance of soybean seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raza
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - M A Asghar
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhou, 610000, China
| | - S Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - C Bin
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - I Shafiq
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - I Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - A Ghafoor
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - H Karim
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - T Iqbal
- Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture P.R. China, Wenjiang, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - W Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - L Weiguo
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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12
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Kuerban M, Jiao W, Pang J, Jing J, Qiu LJ, Ding W, Cong WF, Zhang F, Lambers H. Targeting Low-Phytate Soybean Genotypes Without Compromising Desirable Phosphorus-Acquisition Traits. Front Genet 2021; 11:574547. [PMID: 33381147 PMCID: PMC7767974 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.574547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytate-phosphorus (P) in food and feed is not efficiently utilized by humans and non-ruminant livestock, potentially contributing to high losses of P to the environment. Crops with high P-acquisition efficiency can access soil P effectively. It remains elusive whether crop genotypes with high P-acquisition efficiency can also have low seed phytate concentrations. A core collection of 256 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes from China with diverse genetic background were grown in the same environment and seeds were sampled to screen for seed phytate-P concentration. Some of these genotypes were also grown in a low-P soil in the glasshouse to measure root morphological and physiological traits related to P acquisition. Large genotypic variation was found in seed phytate-P concentration (0.69–5.49 mg P g–1 dry weight), total root length, root surface area, rhizosheath carboxylates, and acid phosphatase activity in rhizosheath soil. Geographically, seed phytate-P concentration was the highest for the genotypes from Hainan Province, whereas it was the lowest for the genotypes from Inner Mongolia. Seed phytate-P concentration showed no correlation with any desirable root traits associated with enhanced P acquisition. Two genotypes (Siliyuan and Diliuhuangdou-2) with both low phytate concentrations and highly desirable P-acquisition traits were identified. This is the first study to show that some soybean genotypes have extremely low seed phytate concentrations, combined with important root traits for efficient P acquisition, offering material for breeding genotypes with low seed phytate-P concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireadili Kuerban
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfeng Jiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayin Pang
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jingying Jing
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Juan Qiu
- National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Feng Cong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hans Lambers
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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13
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Raza A, Asghar MA, Ahmad B, Bin C, Iftikhar Hussain M, Li W, Iqbal T, Yaseen M, Shafiq I, Yi Z, Ahmad I, Yang W, Weiguo L. Agro-Techniques for Lodging Stress Management in Maize-Soybean Intercropping System-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1592. [PMID: 33212960 PMCID: PMC7698466 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lodging is one of the most chronic restraints of the maize-soybean intercropping system, which causes a serious threat to agriculture development and sustainability. In the maize-soybean intercropping system, shade is a major causative agent that is triggered by the higher stem length of a maize plant. Many morphological and anatomical characteristics are involved in the lodging phenomenon, along with the chemical configuration of the stem. Due to maize shading, soybean stem evolves the shade avoidance response and resulting in the stem elongation that leads to severe lodging stress. However, the major agro-techniques that are required to explore the lodging stress in the maize-soybean intercropping system for sustainable agriculture have not been precisely elucidated yet. Therefore, the present review is tempted to compare the conceptual insights with preceding published researches and proposed the important techniques which could be applied to overcome the devastating effects of lodging. We further explored that, lodging stress management is dependent on multiple approaches such as agronomical, chemical and genetics which could be helpful to reduce the lodging threats in the maize-soybean intercropping system. Nonetheless, many queries needed to explicate the complex phenomenon of lodging. Henceforth, the agronomists, physiologists, molecular actors and breeders require further exploration to fix this challenging problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Asghar
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhou 610000, China;
| | - Bushra Ahmad
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Cheng Bin
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - M. Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Plant Biology & Soil Science, Universidad de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Wang Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tauseef Iqbal
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Yaseen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Institute of Rice Research, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 625014, China;
| | - Iram Shafiq
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Irshan Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liu Weiguo
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (A.R.); (C.B.); (W.L.); (T.I.); (I.S.); (Z.Y.); (I.A.); (W.Y.)
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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14
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Cong WF, Suriyagoda LDB, Lambers H. Tightening the Phosphorus Cycle through Phosphorus-Efficient Crop Genotypes. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:967-975. [PMID: 32414603 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We are facing unprecedented phosphorus (P) challenges, namely P scarcity associated with increasing food demand, and an oversupply of P fertilisers, resulting in eutrophication. Although we need a multidisciplinary approach to systematically enhance P-use efficiency, monodisciplinary studies still prevail. Here, we propose to tighten the P cycle by identifying P-efficient crop genotypes, integrating four plant strategies: increasing P-acquisition efficiency, photosynthetic P-use efficiency and P-remobilisation efficiency, and decreasing seed phytate P concentrations. We recommend P-efficient genotypes together with diversified cropping systems involving complementary P-acquisition strategies as well as smart P-fertiliser management to enhance P-use efficiency in agriculture dependent on soil P status. These strategies will reduce P-fertiliser requirements and offsite environmental impacts, while enhancing seed quality for human and livestock nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Cong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China.
| | - Lalith D B Suriyagoda
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, 20400, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), WA 6009, Australia
| | - Hans Lambers
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), WA 6009, Australia.
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15
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Yang A, Kong L, Wang H, Yao X, Xie F, Wang H, Ao X. Response of Soybean Root to Phosphorus Deficiency under Sucrose Feeding: Insight from Morphological and Metabolome Characterizations. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2148032. [PMID: 32904516 PMCID: PMC7456465 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2148032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one the least available essential plant macronutrients in soils that is a major constraint on plant growth. Soybean (Glycine max L.) production is often limited due to low P availability. The better management of P deficiency requires improvement of soybean's P use efficiency. Sugars are implicated in P starvation responses, and a complete understanding of the role of sucrose together with P in coordinating P starvation responses is missing in soybean. This study explored global metabolomic changes in previously screened low-P-tolerant (Liaodou, L13) and low-P-sensitive (Tiefeng 3, T3) soybean genotypes by liquid chromatography coupled mass spectrometry. We also studied the root morphological response to sucrose application (1%) in P-starved soybean genotypes against normal P supply. Root morphology in L13 genotype has significantly improved P starvation responses as compared to the T3 genotype. Exogenous sucrose application greatly affected root length, root volume, and root surface area in L13 genotype while low-P-sensitive genotype, i.e., T3, only responded by increasing number of lateral roots. Root : shoot ratio increased after sucrose treatment regardless of P conditions, in both genotypes. T3 showed a relatively higher number of differentially accumulated metabolites between P-starved and normal P conditions as compared to L13 genotype. Common metabolites accumulated under the influence of sucrose were 5-O-methylembelin, D-glucuronic acid, and N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine. We have discussed the possible roles of the pathways associated with these metabolites. The differentially accumulated metabolites between both genotypes under the influence of sucrose are also discussed. These results are important to further explore the role of sucrose in the observed pathways. Especially, our results are relevant to formulate strategies for improving P efficiency of soybean genotypes with different P efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahui Yang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Lingjian Kong
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xingdong Yao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Futi Xie
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xue Ao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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16
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Strock CF, Lynch JP. Root secondary growth: an unexplored component of soil resource acquisition. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 126:205-218. [PMID: 32588876 PMCID: PMC7523590 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite recent progress in elucidating the molecular basis of secondary growth (cambial growth), the functional implications of this developmental process remain poorly understood. Targeted studies exploring how abiotic and biotic factors affect this process, as well as the relevance of secondary growth to fitness of annual dicotyledonous crop species under stress, are almost entirely absent from the literature. Specifically, the physiological role of secondary growth in roots has been completely neglected yet entails a unique array of implications for plant performance that are distinct from secondary growth in shoot tissue. SCOPE Since roots are directly responsible for soil resource capture, understanding of the fitness landscape of root phenotypes is important in both basic and applied plant biology. Interactions between root secondary growth, edaphic conditions and soil resource acquisition may have significant effects on plant fitness. Our intention here is not to provide a comprehensive review of a sparse and disparate literature, but rather to highlight knowledge gaps, propose hypotheses and identify opportunities for novel and agriculturally relevant research pertaining to secondary growth of roots. This viewpoint: (1) summarizes evidence from our own studies and other published work; (2) proposes hypotheses regarding the fitness landscape of secondary growth of roots in annual dicotyledonous species for abiotic and biotic stress; and (3) highlights the importance of directing research efforts to this topic within an agricultural context. CONCLUSIONS Secondary growth of the roots of annual dicots has functional significance with regards to soil resource acquisition and transport, interactions with soil organisms and carbon sequestration. Research on these topics would contribute significantly toward understanding the agronomic value of secondary growth of roots for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher F Strock
- Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan P Lynch
- Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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17
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Ahmed S, Raza MA, Yuan X, Du Y, Iqbal N, Chachar Q, Soomro AA, Ibrahim F, Hussain S, Wang X, Liu W, Yang W. Optimized planting time and co‐growth duration reduce the yield difference between intercropped and sole soybean by enhancing soybean resilience toward size‐asymmetric competition. Food Energy Secur 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Ahmed
- College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | | | - Xiaoqin Yuan
- College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
- Yibin Vocational and Technical College Yibin China
| | - Yongli Du
- College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
- Institute of Sorghum and Potato Yibin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Yibin China
| | - Nasir Iqbal
- College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Qamaruddin Chachar
- Faculty of Crop Production Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam Pakistan
| | - Aijaz Ahmed Soomro
- Faculty of Crop Production Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam Pakistan
| | - Faisal Ibrahim
- College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Sajad Hussain
- College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Xingcai Wang
- College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Weiguo Liu
- College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
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18
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Wen Z, Pang J, Tueux G, Liu Y, Shen J, Ryan MH, Lambers H, Siddique KHM. Contrasting patterns in biomass allocation, root morphology and mycorrhizal symbiosis for phosphorus acquisition among 20 chickpea genotypes with different amounts of rhizosheath carboxylates. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Wen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- Department of Plant Nutrition College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
- National Academy of Agriculture Green Development China Agricultural University Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Plant‐Soil Interactions Ministry of Education China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Jiayin Pang
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | | | - Yifei Liu
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- College of Land and Environment National Key Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang China
| | - Jianbo Shen
- Department of Plant Nutrition College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
- National Academy of Agriculture Green Development China Agricultural University Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Plant‐Soil Interactions Ministry of Education China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Megan H. Ryan
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | - Hans Lambers
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- Department of Plant Nutrition College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
- National Academy of Agriculture Green Development China Agricultural University Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Plant‐Soil Interactions Ministry of Education China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
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19
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Kaya C, Şenbayram M, Akram NA, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. Sulfur-enriched leonardite and humic acid soil amendments enhance tolerance to drought and phosphorus deficiency stress in maize (Zea mays L.). Sci Rep 2020; 10:6432. [PMID: 32286357 PMCID: PMC7156716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil amendments are known to promote several plant growth parameters. In many agro-ecosystems, water scarcity and drought induced phosphorus deficiency limits crop yield significantly. Considering the climate change scenario, drought and related stress factors will be even more severe endangering the global food security. Therefore, two parallel field trials were conducted to examine at what extent soil amendment of leonardite and humic acid would affect drought and phosphorus tolerance of maize. The treatments were: control (C: 100% A pan and 125 kg P ha−1), P deficiency (phosphorus stress (PS): 62.5 kg P ha−1), water deficit stress (water stress (WS): 67% A pan), and PS + WS (67% A pan and 62.5 kg P ha−1). Three organic amendments were (i) no amendment, (ii) 625 kg S + 750 kg leonardite ha−1 and (iii) 1250 kg S + 37.5 kg humic acid ha−1) tested on stress treatments. Drought and P deficiency reduced plant biomass, grain yield, chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm, RWC and antioxidant activity (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase), but increased electrolyte leakage and leaf H2O2 in maize plants. The combined stress of drought and P deficiency decreased further related plant traits. Humic acid and leonardite enhanced leaf P and yield in maize plants under PS. A significant increase in related parameters was observed with humic acid and leonardite under WS. The largest increase in yield and plant traits in relation to humic acid and leonardite application was observed under combined stress situation. The use of sulfur-enriched amendments can be used effectively to maintain yield of maize crop in water limited calcareous soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Harran University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science & Plant Nutrition, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şenbayram
- Harran University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science & Plant Nutrition, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | | | | | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Botany, S.P. College Srinagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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20
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Zhou T, Wang L, Yang H, Gao Y, Liu W, Yang W. Ameliorated light conditions increase the P uptake capability of soybean in a relay-strip intercropping system by altering root morphology and physiology in the areas with low solar radiation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:1069-1080. [PMID: 31726538 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Belowground interspecific facilitation and complementarity contribute to the phosphorus (P) uptake advantages in the cereal-legume intercropping system. However, the root morphological and physiological plasticity and, subsequently, the P uptake capability response to light conditions in intercropping systems remain unclear. Soybean was grown under two levels of P application rates in sole and intercropping systems (maize/soybean relay strip intercropping) from 2016 to 2018 in Renshou, southwest of China. As a supplement to the field experiment, soybean was also grown in L-S (simulating the light conditions of sole cropping in the field: light first and then shading) and S-L (simulating the light conditions of intercropping in the field: shading first and then light) light conditions with two levels of P application in 2018 in a pot experiment. After maize harvest (approximately 3/4 of the soybean growth period), light capture in intercropping was higher than sole (ameliorated light conditions in intercropping system), which resulted in an advantage of P uptake in intercropped soybean. Both low P supply and more light capture increased the total root length and root APase activity. The genes GmEXPB2 (which is associated with root growth) and GmACP1 (which is associated with exudation of APase) were highly expressed in plants that captured more light under both P-sufficient and P-deficient conditions. Additionally, more light capture increased the production of lateral roots and the proportion of in the upper 15 cm soil layer roots at the reproductive stage in the field. Across the field and pot experiments, increased root morphological and physiological plasticity were associated with lower P concentrations in the leaves and greater allocation of photosynthates to roots as sucrose. It is suggested that ameliorated light conditions can regulate soybean root growth plasticity and, consequently, P uptake in maize/soybean relay strip intercropping systems, especially in the areas with low solar radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huan Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Weiguo Liu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China..
| | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China..
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21
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Hussain S, Iqbal N, Brestic M, Raza MA, Pang T, Langham DR, Safdar ME, Ahmed S, Wen B, Gao Y, Liu W, Yang W. Changes in morphology, chlorophyll fluorescence performance and Rubisco activity of soybean in response to foliar application of ionic titanium under normal light and shade environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 658:626-637. [PMID: 30580217 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) is considered an essential element for plant growth; however, its role in crop performance through stimulating the activities of certain enzymes, enhancing chlorophyll content and photosynthesis, and improving crop morphology and growth requires more study. We therefore conducted a laboratory experiments to study the effects of ionic Ti application on morphology, growth, biomass distribution, chlorophyll fluorescence performance and Rubisco activity of soybean (Glycine max L.) under normal light (NL) and shade conditions (SC). In this study, we sprayed soybean plants with five different levels of ionic Ti (T1 = 0, T2 = 1.25, T3 = 2.5, T4 = 5 and T5 = 10 mg Ti Plant-1) through foliar application method. Our results show that with increasing moderate (2.5 mg Ti Plant-1) Ti concentration, the chlorophyll pigments (chlorophyll [Chl] a, b, carotenoid [Car]), plant biomass, photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), and electron transport rate (ETR) of soybean increased, but higher levels (5-10 mg Ti Plant-1), resulted in leaf anatomical and chloroplast structural disruptions under both NL and SC. Soybean plants showed maximum biomass, leaf area, leaf thickness, Chl a, b, Car, Rubisco activity, Fv/Fm and ETR for T3 at 2.5 mg Ti Plant-1; however, declined significantly for T5 at high concentration of 10 mg Plant-1. In NL, the application of 2.5 mg Ti Plant-1 (T3) increased the Chl a, b, and total Chl contents 40, 20, and 27% as compared to control treatment (T1). In SC, the application of 1.25 mg Ti mg Plant-1 (T2) increased the Chl a, b, and total Chl contents 38, 19, and 14% as compared to control treatment. In NL, the Fv/Fm, qP, PSII, and ETR were higher in the T3 treatment over the T1 (control) by 7, 0.3, 16, and 16%, respectively. In SC, the Fv/Fm, qP, PSII, and ETR were higher in the T3 treatment over the T1 (control) by 5, 5, 19, and 19%, respectively. Moreover, Rubisco activity was at peak (55 and 6% increase under NL and SC) at 2.5 mg Ti Plant-1and decreased with increasing Ti concentration, reaching the lowest at 10 mg Ti Plant-1, which indicates that leaf cells were damaged as observed in the leaf anatomy. We concluded that ionic Ti expresses a hormesis effect: at lower concentrations, promoting soybean growth, however, at higher concentrations, suppressing soybean growth both under NL and SC. We therefore suggest that under different light stress conditions, Ti application could serve to mitigate abiotic stresses, especially in intercropping systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Nasir Iqbal
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | | | - Muhammad Ali Raza
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ting Pang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | | | | | - Shoaib Ahmed
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Bingxiao Wen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Weiguo Liu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China.
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22
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Zhou T, Wang L, Li S, Gao Y, Du Y, Zhao L, Liu W, Yang W. Interactions Between Light Intensity and Phosphorus Nutrition Affect the P Uptake Capacity of Maize and Soybean Seedling in a Low Light Intensity Area. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:183. [PMID: 30838016 PMCID: PMC6390497 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To capture more nutrients, root systems of maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) exhibit morphological and physiological plasticity to a localized supply of phosphorus (P). However, the mechanisms of the interaction between light intensity and P affecting root morphological and physiological alterations remain unclear. In the present study, the regulation of P uptake capacity of maize and soybean by light intensity and localized P supply was investigated in a low solar radiation area. The plants were grown under continual and disrupted light conditions with homogeneous and heterogeneous P supply. Light capture of maize and soybean increased under the disrupted light condition. Plant dry weight and P uptake were increased by more light capture, particularly when plants were grown in soil with heterogeneous P supply. Similarly, both localized P supply and disrupted light treatment increased the production of fine roots and specific root length in maize. Both homogeneous P supply and disrupted light treatment increased the malate and citrate exudation in the root of soybean. Across all of the experimental treatments, high root morphological plasticity of maize and root physiological plasticity of soybean were associated with lower P concentrations in leaves and greater sucrose concentrations in roots. It is suggested that the carbon (C), exceeded shoot growth capabilities and was transferred to roots as sucrose, which may serve as both a nutritional signal and a C-substrate for root morphological and physiological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuxian Li
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongli Du
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Sichuan Coalfield Geological Bureau, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiguo Liu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
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23
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Responses of Soybean Dry Matter Production, Phosphorus Accumulation, and Seed Yield to Sowing Time under Relay Intercropping with Maize. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy8120282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soybean production under maize–soybean relay-intercropping system (MSICS) is vulnerable to shading. A study was initiated to investigate the effects of three sowing-times: ST1, 90; ST2, 70; and ST3, 50 days of co-growth period and two phosphorus-rates: P0, 0; and P60, 60 kg P ha−1 on soybean under MSICS. Results revealed that ST3 significantly increased the photosynthetically active radiations, leaf area index, and photosynthetic rate by 72% and 58%, and 61% and 38%, and 6% and 8%, respectively, at full-flowering and full-pod stage of soybean than ST1. Treatment ST3, increased the total dry-matter (TDM) and the highest TDM was reached at full-seed (R6) stage. Similarly, ST3 considerably increased the dry-matter partitioning to pods and seeds, relative to ST1, soybean under ST3 at R6 had 35% and 30% higher pod and seed dry-matter, respectively. Moreover, ST3 exhibited the maximum seed-yield (mean 1829.5 kg ha−1) for both years of this study. Soybean under ST3 with P60 accumulated 38% higher P, and increased the P content in pods and seeds by 36% and 33%, respectively at R6 than ST1. These results imply that by selecting the appropriate sowing-time and phosphorus-rate for soybean, we can increase the TDM and seed-yield of soybean under MSICS.
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24
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Bandillo NB, Anderson JE, Kantar MB, Stupar RM, Specht JE, Graef GL, Lorenz AJ. Dissecting the Genetic Basis of Local Adaptation in Soybean. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17195. [PMID: 29222468 PMCID: PMC5722827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17342-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is the most widely grown oilseed in the world and is an important source of protein for both humans and livestock. Soybean is widely adapted to both temperate and tropical regions, but a changing climate demands a better understanding of adaptation to specific environmental conditions. Here, we explore genetic variation in a collection of 3,012 georeferenced, locally adapted landraces from a broad geographical range to help elucidate the genetic basis of local adaptation. We used geographic origin, environmental data and dense genome-wide SNP data to perform an environmental association analysis and discover loci displaying steep gradients in allele frequency across geographical distance and between landrace and modern cultivars. Our combined application of methods in environmental association mapping and detection of selection targets provide a better understanding of how geography and selection may have shaped genetic variation among soybean landraces. Moreover, we identified several important candidate genes related to drought and heat stress, and revealed important genomic regions possibly involved in the geographic divergence of soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonoy B Bandillo
- Department of Agronomy & Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0915, USA
| | - Justin E Anderson
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 40211, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael B Kantar
- Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Robert M Stupar
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108-6026, USA
| | - James E Specht
- Department of Agronomy & Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0915, USA
| | - George L Graef
- Department of Agronomy & Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0915, USA
| | - Aaron J Lorenz
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108-6026, USA.
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