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Zhang N, Berman SR, van den Berg T, Chen Y, Marcelis LFM, Kaiser E. Biochemical versus stomatal acclimation of dynamic photosynthetic gas exchange to elevated CO 2 in three horticultural species with contrasting stomatal morphology. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39011936 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Understanding photosynthetic acclimation to elevated CO2 (eCO2) is important for predicting plant physiology and optimizing management decisions under global climate change, but is underexplored in important horticultural crops. We grew three crops differing in stomatal density-namely chrysanthemum, tomato, and cucumber-at near-ambient CO2 (450 μmol mol-1) and eCO2 (900 μmol mol-1) for 6 weeks. Steady-state and dynamic photosynthetic and stomatal conductance (gs) responses were quantified by gas exchange measurements. Opening and closure of individual stomata were imaged in situ, using a novel custom-made microscope. The three crop species acclimated to eCO2 with very different strategies: Cucumber (with the highest stomatal density) acclimated to eCO2 mostly via dynamic gs responses, whereas chrysanthemum (with the lowest stomatal density) acclimated to eCO2 mostly via photosynthetic biochemistry. Tomato exhibited acclimation in both photosynthesis and gs kinetics. eCO2 acclimation in individual stomatal pore movement increased rates of pore aperture changes in chrysanthemum, but such acclimation responses resulted in no changes in gs responses. Although eCO2 acclimation occurred in all three crops, photosynthesis under fluctuating irradiance was hardly affected. Our study stresses the importance of quantifying eCO2 acclimatory responses at different integration levels to understand photosynthetic performance under future eCO2 environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyi Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah R Berman
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van den Berg
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Integrated Devices and Systems, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Yunke Chen
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Leo F M Marcelis
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elias Kaiser
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Mussali-Galante P, Gómez-Arroyo S, Rodríguez-Solís A, Valencia-Cuevas L, Flores-Márquez AR, Castrejón-Godínez ML, Murillo-Herrera AI, Tovar-Sánchez E. Multi-biomarker approach reveals the effects of heavy metal bioaccumulation in the foundation species Prosopis laevigata (Fabaceae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:47116-47131. [PMID: 38985418 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Mining is a major economic activity in many developing countries. However, it disturbs the environment, producing enormous quantities of waste, known as mine tailings, which can have deleterious environmental impact, due to their high heavy metals (HM) content. Often, foundation species that establish on mine tailings are good candidates to study the effects of HM bioaccumulation at different levels of biological organization. Prosopis laevigata is considered a HM hyperaccumulator which presents attributes of a foundation species (FS) and establishes naturally on mine tailings. We evaluated the bioaccumulation of Cu, Pb, and Zn in P. laevigata foliar tissue, the leaf micro- and macro-morphological characters, DNA damage, and population genetic effects. In total, 80 P. laevigata individuals (20/site) belonging to four populations: The individuals from both sites (exposed and reference) bioaccumulated HMs (Pb > Cu > Zn). However, in the exposed individuals, Pb and Cu bioaccumulation was significantly higher. Also, a significant effect of macro- and micro-morphological characters was registered, showing significantly lower values in individuals from the exposed sites. In addition, we found significant differences in genotoxic damage in P. laevigata individuals, between the exposed and reference sites. In contrast, for the micro-morphological characters, none of the analyzed metals had any influence. P. laevigata did not show significant differences in the genetic structure and diversity between exposed and reference populations. However, four haplotypes and four private alleles were found in the exposed populations. Since P. laevigata is a species that establishes naturally in polluted sites and bioaccumulates HM in its foliar tissues, the resulting genetic, individual and population effects have not been severe enough to show detrimental effects; hence, P. laevigata can be a useful tool in phytoremediation strategies for soils polluted with Pb and Cu, maintaining its important ecological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Mussali-Galante
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Sandra Gómez-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Ciencias de La Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alexis Rodríguez-Solís
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Leticia Valencia-Cuevas
- Escuela de Estudios Superiores del Jicarero, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Carretera Galeana-Tequesquitengo S/N, Comunidad El Jicarero, Jojutla, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ana Rosa Flores-Márquez
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Ciencias de La Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Castrejón-Godínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Aída Isabel Murillo-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Ciencias de La Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Efraín Tovar-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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Kanjanapokin C, Thiravetyan P, Chonjoho N, Dolphen R, Treesubsuntorn C. Light-emitting plants development by inoculating of Vibrio campbellii RMT1 on the rhizospheric zone of Aglaonema cochinchinense. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:973-985. [PMID: 38622375 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The concept of utilizing light-emitting plants (LEPs) as an alternative to traditional electricity-based lighting has garnered interest. However, challenges persist due to the need for genetic modification or chemical infusion in current LEPs. To address this, researchers have investigated the interaction between plants and luminous bacteria, specifically Vibrio campbellii, which can efficiently be translocated into Aglaonema cochinchinense tissues through the roots to produce LEPs. This study concentrated on examining light intensity and enhancing luminescence by growing plants and spraying them with various media substances. The results indicated that V. campbellii successfully translocated into the plant tissue via the root system and accumulated a high number of bacteria in the stems, approximately 8.46 × 104 CFU/g, resulting in a light-emitting intensity increase of 12.13-fold at 48 h, and then decreased after 30 h. Interestingly, luminescence stimulation by spraying the growth medium managed to induce the highest light emission, reaching 14.84-fold at 48 h, though it had some negative effects on the plant. Conversely, spraying plants with CaCl2 on the leaves prolonged light emission for a longer duration (42 h after spraying) and had a positive effect on plant health, it maintained ion homeostasis and reduced-MDA content. This study highlights the potential of using V. campbellii and CaCl2 spraying for the future development of practical light-emitting plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutipa Kanjanapokin
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Paitip Thiravetyan
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Nattida Chonjoho
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Rujira Dolphen
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Chairat Treesubsuntorn
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.
- Research & Innovation for Sustainability Center (RISC), Magnolia Quality Development Corporation Limited (MQDC), Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Liao Q, Ding R, Du T, Kang S, Tong L, Li S. Salinity-specific stomatal conductance model parameters are reduced by stomatal saturation conductance and area via leaf nitrogen. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162584. [PMID: 36889407 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Modeling stomatal behavior is necessary for accurate stomatal simulation and predicting the terrestrial water‑carbon cycle. Although the Ball-Berry and Medlyn stomatal conductance (gs) models have been widely used, variations and the drivers of their key slope parameters (m and g1) remain poorly understood under salinity stress. We measured leaf gas exchange, physiological and biochemical traits, soil water content and electrical conductivity of saturation extract (ECe), and fitted slope parameters of two genotypes of maize growing in two water and two salinity levels. We found m was different between the genotypes, but no difference in g1. Salinity stress reduced m and g1, saturated stomatal conductance (gsat), the fraction of leaf epidermis area allocation to stomata (fs), and leaf nitrogen (N) content, and increased ECe, but no marked decrease in slope parameters under drought. Both m and g1 were positively correlated with gsat, fs, and leaf N content, and negatively correlated with ECe in the same fashion among the two genotypes. Salinity stress altered m and g1 by modulating gsat and fs via leaf N content. The prediction accuracy of gs was improved using salinity-specific slope parameters, with root mean square error (RMSE) being decreased from 0.056 to 0.046 and 0.066 to 0.025 mol m-2 s-1 for the Ball-Berry and Medlyn models, respectively. This study provides a modeling approach to improving the simulation of stomatal conductance under salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liao
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province 733009, China
| | - Risheng Ding
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province 733009, China.
| | - Taisheng Du
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province 733009, China
| | - Shaozhong Kang
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province 733009, China
| | - Ling Tong
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei, Gansu Province 733009, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Lertngim N, Ruangsiri M, Klinsawang S, Raksatikan P, Thunnom B, Siangliw M, Toojinda T, Siangliw JL. Photosynthetic Plasticity and Stomata Adjustment in Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines of Rice Cultivar KDML105 under Drought Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:94. [PMID: 36616222 PMCID: PMC9823560 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The impact of increasing drought periods on crop yields as a result of global climate change is a major concern in modern agriculture. Thus, a greater understanding of crop physiological responses under drought stress can guide breeders to develop new cultivars with enhanced drought tolerance. In this study, selected chromosome segment substitution lines of KDML105 (KDML105-CSSL) were grown in the Plant Phenomics Center of Kasetsart University in Thailand under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions. Physiological traits were measured by observing gas exchange dynamics and using a high-throughput phenotyping platform. Furthermore, because of its impact on plant internal gas and water regulation, stomatal morphological trait variation was recorded. The results show that KDML105-CSS lines exhibited plasticity responses to enhance water-use efficiency which increased by 3.62%. Moreover, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration decreased by approximately 40% and plant height was reduced by 17.69%. Stomatal density tended to decrease and was negatively correlated with stomatal size, and stomata on different sides of the leaves responded differently under drought stress. Under drought stress, top-performing KDML105-CSS lines with high net photosynthesis had shorter plant height and improved IWUE, as influenced by an increase in stomatal density on the upper leaf side and a decrease on the lower leaf side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narawitch Lertngim
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Mathurada Ruangsiri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Suparad Klinsawang
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Pimpa Raksatikan
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Burin Thunnom
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Meechai Siangliw
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Theerayut Toojinda
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Jonaliza Lanceras Siangliw
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
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Jadidi O, Etminan A, Azizi-Nezhad R, Ebrahimi A, Pour-Aboughadareh A. Physiological and Molecular Responses of Barley Genotypes to Salinity Stress. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2040. [PMID: 36360277 PMCID: PMC9690512 DOI: 10.3390/genes13112040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Among cereals, barley is tolerant to high levels of salinity stress; however, its performance and global production are still dramatically affected by salinity. In this study, we evaluated the behavior of a set of advanced genotypes of barley with aim of assessing the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in salinity tolerance. The experiment was conducted using a hydroponic system at optimal growing temperature and photoperiod conditions. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant effects for salinity treatments and genotypes in terms of all measured traits. Salinity stress significantly increased the root and shoot Na+ contents and root-to-shoot Na+ and K+ translocations. In contrast, other physiological features, gas exchange-related traits, as well as root and shoot biomasses were significantly decreased due to salinity stress. Based on the results of the multi-trait genotype ideotype distance index (MGIDI) as a multiple-traits method, G12 and G14 were identified as the superior salt-tolerant advanced genotypes. In the molecular analysis, salinity stress significantly increased the mean relative expression of HvSOS1, HvSOS3, HvHKT2, HvHKT3, HvNHX1, and HvNHX3 genes by 12.87-, 3.16-, 3.65-, 2.54-, 2.19-, and 3.18-fold more than the control conditions, respectively. The results of heatmap-based correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a clear association pattern among measured traits and expression data. Indeed, these associations confirmed relationships between tolerance pathways and physiological functions. In conclusion, the genotype G14 (D10*2/4/Productive/3/Roho//Alger/Ceres362-1-1) responded well to salinity stress and showed a better expression pattern of studied genes than other genotypes. Hence, this promising genotype can be a candidate for further assessments before commercial introduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Jadidi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 14778-93855, Iran
| | - Alireza Etminan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah 67187-73654, Iran
| | - Reza Azizi-Nezhad
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 14778-93855, Iran
| | - Asa Ebrahimi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 14778-93855, Iran
| | - Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh
- Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 31585-854, Iran
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Zhang C, Liu H, Huang N, Zhang F, Meng Y, Wang J, Li Y. Coordination of leaf hydraulic and economic traits in Cinnamomum camphora under impervious pavement. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:347. [PMID: 35842580 PMCID: PMC9287966 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paved urban environments can pose great threats to the physiological functioning and ecological services of street trees. In this context, assessment of leaf phenotypic plasticity is crucial for understanding the ecological strategy of tree species under impervious pavements. RESULTS In this study, we measured a set of leaf economic traits, hydraulic traits of Cinnamomum camphora, and surrounding environmental factors in a street site (the soil was covered by the impervious pavement) and a park site (the soil was covered by grass) in Hefei, eastern China. Compared with the park site, trees in the street site had higher stomatal length (SL), leaf thickness (LT), maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (Y(II)), and lower stomatal density (SD), specific leaf area (SLA), the leaf water potential at 50% loss of hydraulic conductance (P50), and leaf turgor loss point (TLP). Redundancy analysis showed that air relative humidity and volumetric soil water content caused these traits to be altered. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that C. camphora adapted to the street pavement environment through the coordination of leaf economic and leaf hydraulic traits, and adopted the slow investment return type in the leaf economic spectrum and high drought resistance to meet its actual physiological needs. This finding provides a new perspective for understanding the physiological strategies of street trees to adapt to urban pavement environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Nuo Huang
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Fengyu Zhang
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yanqiong Meng
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei, 230036, China.
- Hefei Urban Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Yiyong Li
- School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei, 230036, China.
- Hefei Urban Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Zaheer MS, Ali HH, Erinle KO, Wani SH, Okon OG, Nadeem MA, Nawaz M, Bodlah MA, Waqas MM, Iqbal J, Raza A. Inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense and exogenous application of trans-zeatin riboside alleviates arsenic induced physiological damages in wheat (Triticum aestivum). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:33909-33919. [PMID: 35031990 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to increased industrialization, arsenic (As) in the soil has become a serious issue for wheat production since past few decades. We investigated the role of Azospirillum brasilense and trans-zeatin riboside (tZR) in the mitigation of arsenic toxicity in wheat for 2 years (2018-2019 and 2019-2020) in pot experiments. Wheat plants grown in soil artificially spiked with arsenic (50, 70, and 100 μM) was left alone or amended with A. brasilense, tZR, or their combination as mitigation strategies. A treatment without arsenic or amendments was maintained as control. Arsenic-induced physiological damages were noticed in the wheat plants. Detrimental effects on the plant physiological functions, such as disruption of cell membrane stability, reduced water uptake, and stomatal functions, were noticed with increase in As toxicity. Application of biological amendments reversed the effects of As toxicity by increasing wheat plant growth rate, leaf area, and photosynthesis and also yield. Therefore, application of tZR and wheat seed inoculation with A. brasilense could be a sustainable and environmentally friendly strategy to mitigate arsenic-induced crop physiological damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Haider Ali
- Sustainable Development Study Center (SDSC), Government College University, Katchery Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Kehinde O Erinle
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Shabir Hussain Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Khudwani, Anantnag, 192101, India
| | - Okon Godwin Okon
- Department of Botany, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Azhar Nadeem
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, 58140, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Bodlah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohsin Waqas
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Javaid Iqbal
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
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Soni SK, Mishra MK, Mishra M, Kumari S, Saxena S, Shukla V, Tiwari S, Shirke P. Papaya Leaf Curl Virus (PaLCuV) Infection on Papaya ( Carica papaya L.) Plants Alters Anatomical and Physiological Properties and Reduces Bioactive Components. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11050579. [PMID: 35270048 PMCID: PMC8912657 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Papaya leaves are used frequently for curing scores of ailments. The medicinal properties of papaya leaves are due to presence of certain bioactive/pharmacological compounds. However, the papaya leaf curl virus (PaLCuV), a geminivirus, is a major threat to papaya cultivation globally. During the present investigation, we observed that PaLCuV infection significantly altered the anatomy, physiology, and bioactive properties of papaya leaves. As compared to healthy leaves, the PaLCuV-infected leaves were found to have reduced stomatal density (76.83%), stomatal conductance (78.34%), photosynthesis rate (74.87%), water use efficiency (82.51%), chlorophyll (72.88%), carotenoid (46.63%), osmolality (48.55%), and soluble sugars (70.37%). We also found lower enzymatic activity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT)-56.88%, 85.27%, and 74.49%, respectively). It was found that the size of guard cells (50%), transpiration rate (45.05%), intercellular CO2 concentration (47.81%), anthocyanin (27.47%), proline content (74.17%), malondialdehyde (MDA) (106.65%), and electrolyte leakage (75.38%) was elevated in PaLCuV-infected leaves. The chlorophyll fluorescence analysis showed that the infected plant leaves had a significantly lower value of maximal quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII (Fv/Fm), photochemical quantum yield of photosystem I (PSI (Y(I)), and effective quantum yield of PSII (Y(II)). However, in non-photochemical quenching mechanisms, the proportion of energy dissipated in heat form (Y(NPQ)) was found to be significantly higher. We also tested the bioactivity of infected and healthy papaya leaf extracts on a Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model system. It was found that the crude extract of papaya leaves significantly enhanced the life span of C. elegans (29.7%) in comparison to virus-infected leaves (18.4%) on application of 100 µg/mL dose of the crude extract. Our research indicates that the PaLCuV-infected leaves not only had anatomical and physiological losses, but that pharmacological potential was also significantly decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit K. Soni
- Crop Improvement and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, India; (S.K.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Manoj Kumar Mishra
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; (M.K.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Maneesh Mishra
- Crop Improvement and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, India; (S.K.S.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Swati Kumari
- Crop Improvement and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, India; (S.K.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Sangeeta Saxena
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India; (S.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Virendra Shukla
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India; (S.S.); (V.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, IMRIC, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12271, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Sudeep Tiwari
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Pramod Shirke
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; (M.K.M.); (P.S.)
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10
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Cao Q, Li G, Liu F. Elevated CO 2 enhanced water use efficiency of wheat to progressive drought stress but not on maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:953712. [PMID: 36466229 PMCID: PMC9714360 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.953712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Global rising atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and drought stress exert profound influences on crop growth and yield. The objective of the present study was to investigate the responses of leaf gas exchange and plant water use efficiency (WUE) of wheat (C3) and maize (C4) plants to progressive drought stress under ambient (a[CO2], 400 ppm) and elevated (e[CO2], 800 ppm) atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) was used to evaluate soil water status in the pots. Under non-drought stress, e[CO2] increased the net photosynthetic rate (An) solely in wheat, and dry matter accumulation (DMA), whereas it decreased stomatal conductance (g s) and water consumption (WC), resulting in enhanced WUE by 27.82% for maize and 49.86% for wheat. After onset of progressive soil drying, maize plants in e[CO2] showed lower FTSW thresholds than wheat, at which e.g. gs (0.31 vs 0.40) and leaf relative water content (0.21 vs 0.43) starts to decrease, indicating e[CO2] conferred a greater drought resistance in maize. Under the combination of e[CO2] and drought stress, enhanced WUE was solely found in wheat, which is mainly associated with increased DMA and unaffected WC. These varied responses of leaf gas exchange and WUE between the two species to combined drought and e[CO2] suggest that specific water management strategies should be developed to optimize crop WUE for different species in a future drier and CO2-enriched environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Northeast crop physiology ecology and cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of The People’s Republic of China, Jilin Academy of Agriculture Science, Changchun, China
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Northeast crop physiology ecology and cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of The People’s Republic of China, Jilin Academy of Agriculture Science, Changchun, China
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Fulai Liu,
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Avgoustaki DD, Bartzanas T, Xydis G. Minimising the energy footprint of indoor food production while maintaining a high growth rate: Introducing disruptive cultivation protocols. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Bouras H, Bouaziz A, Choukr-Allah R, Hirich A, Devkota KP, Bouazzama B. Phosphorus Fertilization Enhances Productivity of Forage Corn ( Zea mays L.) Irrigated with Saline Water. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122608. [PMID: 34961079 PMCID: PMC8708712 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a major problem affecting crop production in many regions in the world including Morocco. Agricultural practices such as fertilization could be useful to overcome this problem and improve crop productivity. The objective of our study was to evaluate the combined effect of phosphorus fertilization and irrigation water salinity on growth, yield, and stomatal conductance of forage corn (Zea mays L.) cv. "Sy sincerro". Field experiments were carried out for two years testing four levels of irrigation water salinity (ECw = 0.7; 2, 4, and 6 dS·m-1) and three rates of phosphorus (105, 126, and 150 kg P2O5·ha-1) fertilization conducted in a split-plot design with three replications. The obtained results show that irrigation water salinity had a negative effect on all monitored parameters. For instance, the dry matter yield reduced by an average of 19.3 and 25.1% compared to the control under saline irrigation with an EC value equal to 4 and 6 dS·m-1, respectively. The finding also showed that phosphorus applications tend to increase root weight, root length, stem length, leaf stomatal conductance, grain yield and dry matter yield under salinity conditions. For example, the addition of phosphorus with a rate of 126 and 150 kg P2O5·ha-1 respectively improved dry matter yield by an average of 4 and 9% under low salinity level (ECw = 2 dS·m-1), by 4 and 15% under medium salinity (4 dS·m-1), and by 6 and 8% under a high salinity level (6 dS·m-1). Our finding suggests that supplementary P application could be one of the best practices to reduce the adverse effects of high salinity on growth and development of forage corn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Bouras
- Department of Crop Production, Protection and Biotechnology, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat 10101, Morocco; (H.B.); (A.B.); (R.C.-A.)
| | - Ahmed Bouaziz
- Department of Crop Production, Protection and Biotechnology, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat 10101, Morocco; (H.B.); (A.B.); (R.C.-A.)
| | - Redouane Choukr-Allah
- Department of Crop Production, Protection and Biotechnology, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat 10101, Morocco; (H.B.); (A.B.); (R.C.-A.)
| | - Abdelaziz Hirich
- African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laayoune 70000, Morocco;
| | - Krishna Prasad Devkota
- African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laayoune 70000, Morocco;
| | - Bassou Bouazzama
- National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Beni Mellal 23020, Morocco;
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Li S, Hamani AKM, Zhang Y, Liang Y, Gao Y, Duan A. Coordination of leaf hydraulic, anatomical, and economical traits in tomato seedlings acclimation to long-term drought. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:536. [PMID: 34781896 PMCID: PMC8591842 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leaf hydraulic and economics traits are critical for balancing plant water and CO2 exchange, and their relationship has been widely studied. Leaf anatomical traits determine the efficiency of CO2 diffusion within mesophyll structure. However, it remains unclear whether leaf anatomical traits are associated with leaf hydraulic and economics traits acclimation to long-term drought. RESULTS To address this knowledge gap, eight hydraulic traits, including stomatal and venation structures, four economics traits, including leaf dry mass per area (LMA) and the ratio between palisade and spongy mesophyll thickness (PT/ST), and four anatomical traits related to CO2 diffusion were measured in tomato seedlings under the long-term drought conditions. Redundancy analysis indicated that the long-term drought decreased stomatal conductance (gs) mainly due to a synchronized reduction in hydraulic structure such as leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) and major vein width. Simultaneously, stomatal aperture on the adaxial surface and minor vein density (VDminor) also contributed a lot to this reduction. The decreases in mesophyll thickness (Tmes) and chlorophyll surface area exposed to leaf intercellular air spaces (Sc/S) were primarily responsible for the decline of mesophyll conductance (gm) thereby affecting photosynthesis. Drought increased leaf density (LD) thus limited CO2 diffusion. In addition, LMA may not be important in regulating gm in tomato under drought. Principal component analysis revealed that main anatomical traits such as Tmes and Sc/S were positively correlated to Kleaf, VDminor and leaf thickness (LT), while negatively associated with PT/ST. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that leaf anatomy plays an important role in maintaining the balance between water supply and CO2 diffusion responses to drought. There was a strong coordination between leaf hydraulic, anatomical, and economical traits in tomato seedlings acclimation to long-term drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Abdoul Kader Mounkaila Hamani
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China
| | - Yueping Liang
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China.
| | - Aiwang Duan
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China.
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14
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Kang H, Zhu T, Zhang Y, Ke X, Sun W, Hu Z, Zhu X, Shen H, Huang Y, Tang Y. Elevated CO 2 Enhances Dynamic Photosynthesis in Rice and Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:727374. [PMID: 34659292 PMCID: PMC8517259 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.727374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Crops developed under elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2) exhibit enhanced leaf photosynthesis under steady states. However, little is known about the effect of eCO2 on dynamic photosynthesis and the relative contribution of the short-term (substrate) and long-term (acclimation) effects of eCO2. We grew an Oryza sativa japonica cultivar and a Triticum aestivum cultivar under 400 μmol CO2 mol-1 air (ambient, A) and 600 μmol CO2 mol-1 air (elevated, E). Regardless of growth [CO2], the photosynthetic responses to the sudden increase and decrease in light intensity were characterized under 400 (a) or 600 μmol CO2 mol-1 air (e). The Aa, Ae, Ea, and Ee treatments were employed to quantify the acclimation effect (Ae vs. Ee and Aa vs. Ea) and substrate effect (Aa vs. Ae and Ea vs. Ee). In comparison with the Aa treatment, both the steady-state photosynthetic rate (P N) and induction state (IS) were higher under the Ae and Ee treatments but lower under the Ea treatment in both species. However, IS reached at the 60 sec after the increase in light intensity, the time required for photosynthetic induction, and induction efficiency under Ae and Ee treatment did not differ significantly from those under Aa treatment. The substrate effect increased the accumulative carbon gain (ACG) during photosynthetic induction by 45.5% in rice and by 39.3% in wheat, whereas the acclimation effect decreased the ACG by 18.3% in rice but increased it by 7.5% in wheat. Thus, eCO2, either during growth or at measurement, enhances the dynamic photosynthetic carbon gain in both crop species. This indicates that photosynthetic carbon loss due to an induction limitation may be reduced in the future, under a high-CO2 world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixing Kang
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinran Ke
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghua Hu
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinguang Zhu
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haihua Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Tang
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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15
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Photosynthetic and Ultrastructural Properties of Eggplant (Solanum melongena) under Salinity Stress. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7070181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major problems facing crops worldwide. Salinity can severely affect plants in a negative manner. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of NaCl on morpho–physiological, biochemical, structural and ultrastructural properties in Solanum melongena seedlings under different NaCl concentrations. Plants treated with high concentrations of NaCl showed a nonsignificant decrease in shoot height compared to the controls. However, NaCl concentration of 50 mM and above significantly decreased leaf area, while 75 mM and above significantly reduced the photosynthetic rate (PN) and leaf total sugar content when compared with plants treated with less-concentrated NaCl and the controls. Thick root sections from plants grown in 100 and 150 mM NaCl exhibit severe deformation in the epidermal and cortical layers. Additionally, TEM micrographs of plants treated with 75, 100, and 150 mM exhibited bulgy chloroplasts with loss of integrity thylakoid membranes associated with large starch grains. The changes in plant ultrastructure observed in this study broaden our knowledge about the impact of salinity at the cellular level.
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Eroğlu ÇG, Cabral C, Ravnskov S, Bak Topbjerg H, Wollenweber B. Arbuscular mycorrhiza influences carbon-use efficiency and grain yield of wheat grown under pre- and post-anthesis salinity stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:863-871. [PMID: 32298522 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity severely affects and constrains crop production worldwide. Salinity causes osmotic and ionic stress, inhibiting gas exchange and photosynthesis, ultimately impairing plant growth and development. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) have been shown to maintain light and carbon use efficiency under stress, possibly providing a tool to improve salinity tolerance of the host plants. Thus, it was hypothesized that AM will contribute to improved growth and yield under stress conditions. Wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown with (AMF+) or without (AMF-) arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation. Plants were subjected to salinity stress (200 mm NaCl) either at pre- or post-anthesis or at both stages. Growth and yield components, leaf chlorophyll content as well as gas exchange parameters and AMF colonization were analysed. AM plants exhibited a higher rate of net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance and lower intrinsic water use efficiency. Furthermore, AM wheat plants subjected to salinity stress at both pre-anthesis and post-anthesis maintained higher grain yield than non-AM salinity-stressed plants. These results suggest that AMF inoculation mitigates the negative effects of salinity stress by influencing carbon use efficiency and maintaining higher grain yield under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ç G Eroğlu
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - C Cabral
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - S Ravnskov
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - H Bak Topbjerg
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - B Wollenweber
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark
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Zhu X, Yang W, Song F, Li X. Diversity and composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in the cropland black soils of China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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18
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A cross population between D. kaki and D. virginiana shows high variability for saline tolerance and improved salt stress tolerance. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229023. [PMID: 32097425 PMCID: PMC7041798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) production is facing important problems related to climate change in the Mediterranean areas. One of them is soil salinization caused by the decrease and change of the rainfall distribution. In this context, there is a need to develop cultivars adapted to the increasingly challenging soil conditions. In this study, a backcross between (D. kaki x D. virginiana) x D. kaki was conducted, to unravel the mechanism involved in salinity tolerance of persimmon. The backcross involved the two species most used as rootstock for persimmon production. Both species are clearly distinct in their level of tolerance to salinity. Variables related to growth, leaf gas exchange, leaf water relations and content of nutrients were significantly affected by saline stress in the backcross population. Water flow regulation appears as a mechanism of salt tolerance in persimmon via differences in water potential and transpiration rate, which reduces ion entrance in the plant. Genetic expression of eight putative orthologous genes involved in different mechanisms leading to salt tolerance was analyzed. Differences in expression levels among populations under saline or control treatment were found. The ‘High affinity potassium transporter’ (HKT1-like) reduced its expression levels in the roots in all studied populations. Results obtained allowed selection of tolerant rootstocks genotypes and describe the hypothesis about the mechanisms involved in salt tolerance in persimmon that will be useful for breeding salinity tolerant rootstocks.
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Abdelhamid MT, El-Masry RR, Darwish DS, Abdalla MMF, Oba S, Ragab R. The Mechanisms Involved in Improving the Tolerance of Plants to Salt Stress Using Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. SOIL BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-18975-4_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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