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Li XM, Zhai HH, An XH, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang P, Chen H, Tian Y. PpSAUR5 promotes plant growth by regulating lignin and hormone pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1291693. [PMID: 38984157 PMCID: PMC11231374 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1291693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Peach (Prunus persica) has a high nutritional and economic value. However, its overgrowth can lead to yield loss. Regulating the growth of peach trees is challenging. The small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) gene family is the largest family of auxin-responsive genes, which play important roles in plant growth and development. However, members of this gene family are rarely reported in peach. Methods In this study, we measured leaf area, chlorophyll and lignin content to detect the role of PpSAUR5 on growth through transgenic Arabidopsis. Results PpSAUR5 responds to auxin and gibberellin, promoting and inhibiting the synthesis of gibberellin and auxin, respectively. The heterologous transformation of PpSAUR5 in Arabidopsis led to enhanced growth of leaves and siliques, lightening of leaf color, decrease in chlorophyll content, increase in lignin content, abnormalities in the floral organs, and distortion of the inflorescence axis. Transcriptome data analysis of PpSAUR5 overexpression and wild-type lines revealed 854 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO and KEGG analyses showed that the DEGs were primarily involved in biological processes, such as cellular processes, metabolic processes, response to stimuli, and catalytic activity. These genes were mainly enriched in pathways, such as phenylalanine biosynthesis, phytohormone signaling, and MAPK signaling. Discussion In summary, these results suggested that PpSAUR5 might regulate tree vigor by modulating the synthesis of auxin and gibberellin. Future studies can use PpSAUR5 as a candidate gene to elucidate the potential regulatory mechanisms underlying peach tree vigor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Miao Li
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Han-Han Zhai
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xiu-Hong An
- National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Moutainous Areas, Agricultural Technology Innovation Center in Mountainous Areas of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - He Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Haijiang Chen
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yi Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Moutainous Areas, Agricultural Technology Innovation Center in Mountainous Areas of Hebei Province, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
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Hashem IA, Hu R, Abbas MH, Hashem TA, Saleem MH, Zhou W, Xiao N. Liquid fertilizers produced by microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis of livestock and poultry wastes and their effects on hot pepper cultivation. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2024:734242X241227368. [PMID: 38297815 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x241227368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Liquid fertilizers (LFs) produced by microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis of livestock and poultry wastes were applied to potted hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to evaluate their potential to be used as amino acid LFs. A preliminary experiment was conducted to determine the optimum acid-hydrolysis conditions for producing LFs from a mixture of pig hair and faeces (P) and another mixture of chicken feathers and faeces (C). Two LFs were produced under the optimum acid-hydrolysis conditions (acidification by sulphuric acid (7.5 mol L-1) in a microwave (200 W) for 90 minutes), and a commercial amino acid LF (Guo Guang (GG)) was used for comparison. P, C and GG fertilizers were tested in potted hot pepper cultivation at two doses, whereas no fertilizer application served as the control (CK). P and C fertilizers significantly increased the fruit yield compared with GG fertilizer, particularly at the higher dose. Moreover, the treatments improved the fruit vitamin C and soluble sugar contents in the order of C > P > GG compared with CK. These results could be attributed to more types of amino acids in C fertilizer than in P and GG fertilizers. The results also indicated that the prepared fertilizers could significantly increase the shoot and root dry weight, soil available nitrogen and phosphorus contents and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) uptake by plants compared with CK. In conclusion, microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis could effectively convert unusable wastes into valuable fertilizers comparable or even superior to commercial fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas A Hashem
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Soils and Water Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Qalyubia, Arab Republic of Egypt
| | - Ronggui Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mohamed Hh Abbas
- Department of Soils and Water Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Qalyubia, Arab Republic of Egypt
| | - Taghred A Hashem
- Department of Soils and Water Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Qalyubia, Arab Republic of Egypt
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbing Zhou
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Naidong Xiao
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Cristea S, Niculescu MD, Perisoara A, Ivan E, Stanca M, Alexe CA, Tihauan BM, Olariu L. Germination Study of Some Protein-Based Gels Obtained from By-Products from the Leather Industry on Tomato and Pepper Seeds. Gels 2024; 10:75. [PMID: 38275849 PMCID: PMC10815242 DOI: 10.3390/gels10010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the biostimulant effects of three protein-based gels, GHC 1-B (20% gelatin (GPU-B) obtained by thermal hydrolysis from residual untanned leather and 80% collagen hydrolysates (HCE-B) obtained by alkaline-enzymatic hydrolysis from residual bovine-tanned leather), GHC 2-B (40% keratin hydrolysate (HKU-B) obtained by alkaline-enzymatic hydrolysis from sheep wool + 40% HCE-B + 20% GPU-B), and GHC 3-B (20% GPU-B + 80% hydrolyzed collagen (HPU-B) obtained by thermal and enzymatic hydrolysis from residual untanned leather). A germination study was carried out on pepper and tomato seeds at concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 10%. As a result of the study, it was found that all three protein-based gels showed a stimulatory effect on the tomato seeds at a 1% concentration, where the Gi (germination index) was ˂100%. The GHC 2-B variant had the highest stimulatory effect (Gi-190.23%). Pepper seeds have proven to be more sensitive to the gel's composition. The concentration at which it proved to be non-inhibitory (Gi-88.29%) was 1% in the case of GHC 2-B. It was found that the presence of hydrolyzed keratin in the composition can be a plus compared to the other two protein gels tested due to its composition, which is richer in phytonutrient compounds (e.g., sulfur molecules).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stelica Cristea
- Plant Pathology Departament, University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 011464 Bucharest, Romania; (S.C.); (E.I.)
| | - Mihaela-Doina Niculescu
- Leather Research Department, Research and Development National Institute for Textiles and Leather-Division Leather and Footwear Research Institute, 93, Ion Minulescu Str., 031215 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-D.N.); (M.S.); (C.-A.A.)
| | - Alina Perisoara
- Plant Pathology Departament, University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 011464 Bucharest, Romania; (S.C.); (E.I.)
| | - Elena Ivan
- Plant Pathology Departament, University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 011464 Bucharest, Romania; (S.C.); (E.I.)
| | - Maria Stanca
- Leather Research Department, Research and Development National Institute for Textiles and Leather-Division Leather and Footwear Research Institute, 93, Ion Minulescu Str., 031215 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-D.N.); (M.S.); (C.-A.A.)
| | - Cosmin-Andrei Alexe
- Leather Research Department, Research and Development National Institute for Textiles and Leather-Division Leather and Footwear Research Institute, 93, Ion Minulescu Str., 031215 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-D.N.); (M.S.); (C.-A.A.)
| | - Bianca-Maria Tihauan
- Research Institute, University of Bucharest-ICUB, Splaiul Independenţei, No. 95, District 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Laura Olariu
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania;
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Sichanova M, Geneva M, Petrova M, Miladinova-Georgieva K, Kirova E, Nedev T, Tsekova D, Ivanova V, Trendafilova A. Influence of the Abiotic Elicitors Ag Salts of Aspartic Acid Derivatives, Self-Organized in Nanofibers with Monomeric and Dimeric Molecular Structures, on the Antioxidant Activity and Stevioside Content in Micropropagated Stevia rebaudiana Bert. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3574. [PMID: 37896037 PMCID: PMC10610515 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials in biotechnology for the in vitro propagation of medical plants and the accumulation of certain biologically active metabolites is becoming an efficient strategy. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the concentration (0, 1, 10, 50, and 100 mg L-1) of two types of nanofibers on the growth characteristics, the antioxidant status, and the production of steviol glycosides in micropropagated Stevia rebaudiana Bert. plantlets. The nanofibers were synthesized by aspartic acid derivatives (L-Asp) Ag salts self-organized into nanofibers with two different molecular structures: monomeric, containing one residue of L-Asp with one hydrophilic head which bonds one Ag ion (NF1-Ag salt); and dimeric, containing two residues of L-Asp with two hydrophilic heads which bond two Ag ions (NF2-Ag salt). An increase in the shoots from the explants' number and length, biomass accumulation, and micropropagation rate was achieved in the plants treated with the NF1-Ag salt in concentrations from 1 to 50 mg L-1 after 30 days of in vitro proliferation compared to the NF2-Ag salt. In contrast, the plants grown on MS media supplemented with NF2-Ag salt exhibited an increase in the level of stevioside, rebaudioside A, and mono- (CQA) and dicaffeoylquinic (DCQA) acids as compared to the NF1-Ag salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Sichanova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Bldg. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (E.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Maria Geneva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Bldg. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (E.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Maria Petrova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Bldg. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (E.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Kamelia Miladinova-Georgieva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Bldg. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (E.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Elisaveta Kirova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Bldg. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (E.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Trendafil Nedev
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Bldg. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (E.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Daniela Tsekova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8“St. Kl. Ohridski” Blvd, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Viktoria Ivanova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Bldg. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (V.I.); (A.T.)
| | - Antoaneta Trendafilova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Bldg. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (V.I.); (A.T.)
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Tan H, Bi Y, Zhang S, Wang S. Growth of alfalfa in the presence of metabolites from a dark septate endophyte strain Alternaria sp. 17463 cultured with a nonionic surfactant and emulsifier. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad226. [PMID: 37793812 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Dark septate endophytes (DSE) were widely used in the agriculture and ecological restoration. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of culture media nonionic surfactant and emulsifier on the biomass and metabolites of DSE strain Alternaria sp. 17463. METHODS AND RESULTS Changes in the composition of DSE metabolites following the addition of Tween 80 during liquid culture of a DSE fungus were analyzed and used in growth tests of alfalfa.Shaking flask fermentation was carried out and the surfactant was fed to the fungus during the fermentation. The residual sugar content and pH declined significantly in the medium and the biomass of DSE increased by 7.27% over controls with no surfactant. Metabolomic analysis showed that adding the surfactant significantly increased the content of 63 metabolites (P < 0.05). These include lipids and lipid-like molecules, organooxygen compounds, amino acids and organic acids, and flavonoids. Enrichment analysis of metabolic pathways indicates that surfactant addition promoted carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid synthesis. A plant hydroponic experiment indicated that these changes in metabolites altered the root structure of alfalfa seedlings. They also promoted significant increases in root length and root surface area, and increased alfalfa total biomass by 50.2%. CONCLUSIONS The addition of the surfactant promoted sugar utilization by the DSE fungus and increased the synthesis of lipids and amino acids, resulting in the ability of the fungal metabolites to change root structure and promote plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Tan
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
- Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yinli Bi
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
- Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Shishuang Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
- Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
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Liu W, Sun M, Yin D, Zhang G, Wang Z, Cui X. Nutritional Composition Profiles and Quality Evaluation of Different Cultivars of Asparagus Officinalis with Potential as Functional Foods and Health-Care Products. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300986. [PMID: 37559110 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Asparagus officinalis is a health-care vegetable with homology value of medicine and food. The quality of A. officinalis is greatly different from various cultivars. It is essential to reveal the relationship between the variety and quality. This study investigated six nutritional compositions in ten A. officinalis cultivars, including amino acid, mineral substance, carbohydrate, vitamin C, protein and total sugar. Five chemometrics methods were further employed to evaluate their quality. The results consistently showed that ten varieties were divided into three grades as nutritional composition differences. HuaMiaoF1, JinGuan and FeiCuiMingZhu were grouped into cluster3 with the best quality, and Atlas and Jersey Giant were grouped into cluster1 with the lowest quality. Therefore, HuaMiaoF1, JinGuan and FeiCuiMingZhu can be suggested as good raw materials for medicine, food and health-care products industries. Meanwhile, the comprehensive application of five chemometrics methods was confirmed as a reliable methodology for quality evaluation of A. officinalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, P. R. China
| | - Mengyu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Dongxue Yin
- College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, P. R. China
| | - Guofeng Zhang
- Henan Huamiao Agricultural Development Co. LTD., Hebi, 458030, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Henan Fengcai Agricultural Development Co. LTD., Sui County, 476900, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Cui
- Agricultural Technology Promotion Service Center of, Luanchuan County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Luanchuan County, 471500, P. R. China
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Cao H, Chen D, Kuang L, Yan T, Gao F, Wu D. Metabolomic analysis reveals the molecular responses to copper toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 199:107727. [PMID: 37150010 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is one of the essential microelements and widely participates in various pathways in plants, but excess Cu in plant cells could induce oxidative stress and harm plant growth. Rice (Oryza sativa) is a main crop food worldwide. The molecular mechanisms of rice in response to copper toxicity are still not well understood. In this study, two-week-old seedlings of the rice cultivar Nipponbare were treated with 100 μM Cu2+ (CuSO4) in the external solution for 10 days. Physiological analysis showed that excess Cu significantly inhibited the growth and biomass of rice seedlings. After Cu treatment, the contents of Mn and Zn were significantly reduced in the roots and shoots, while the Fe content was significantly increased in the roots. Meanwhile, the activities of antioxidant enzymes including SOD and POD were dramatically enhanced after Cu treatment. Based on metabolomic analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods, 695 metabolites were identified in rice roots. Among these metabolites, 123 metabolites were up-regulated and 297 were down-regulated, respectively. The differential metabolites (DMs) include carboxylic acids and derivatives, benzene and substituted derivatives, carbonyl compounds, cinnamic acids and derivatives, fatty acyls and organ nitrogen compounds. KEGG analysis showed that these DMs were mainly enriched in TCA cycle, purine metabolism and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways. Many intermediates in the TCA cycle and purine metabolism were down-regulated, indicating a perturbed carbohydrate and nucleic acid metabolism. Taken together, the present study provides new insights into the mechanism of rice roots to Cu toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Cao
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Danyi Chen
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Liuhui Kuang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Tao Yan
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Fei Gao
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Dezhi Wu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Sun M, Li S, Yu H, Gong Q, Zhang B, Liu G, Xiao Y, Peng F. Effects of Valine and Urea on Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation and Lignin Content in Peach Trees. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1596. [PMID: 37111820 PMCID: PMC10144635 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen availability and uptake levels can affect nutrient accumulation in plants. In this study, the effects of valine and urea supplementation on the growth of new shoots, lignin content, and carbon and the nitrogen metabolism of 'Ruiguang 39/peach' were investigated. Relative to fertilization with urea, the application of valine inhibited shoot longitudinal growth, reduced the number of secondary shoots in autumn, and increased the degree of shoot lignification. The application of valine also increased the protein level of sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) in plant leaves, phloem, and xylem, thereby increasing the soluble sugar and starch content. It also resulted in an increase in nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthase (GS), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) protein levels, with an increase in plant contents of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and soluble proteins. Although urea application increased the protein level of carbon- and nitrogen-metabolizing enzymes, the increase in plant growth reduced the overall nutrient accumulation and lignin content per unit tree mass. In conclusion, the application of valine has a positive effect on increasing the accumulation of carbon and nitrogen nutrients in peach trees and increasing the lignin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Suhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Haixiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Qingtao Gong
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Guangyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Yuansong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Futian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
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Mikula K, Konieczka M, Taf R, Skrzypczak D, Izydorczyk G, Moustakas K, Kułażyński M, Chojnacka K, Witek-Krowiak A. Tannery waste as a renewable source of nitrogen for production of multicomponent fertilizers with biostimulating properties. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:8759-8777. [PMID: 35589903 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20621-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The studies presented in this work show that solid tannery waste-like shavings can be used as high-protein materials for fertilizer production following the concept of the circular economy. To select appropriate process parameters (mass ratio of shavings meal to the hydrolyzing agent (S:L), hydrolysis medium concentration, temperature) and to ensure the highest possible hydrolysis efficiency, it is useful to apply the well-known response surface methodology (RSM). The analyses revealed that chromium shavings (SCr) were most preferably treated with 10% KOH in a ratio of S:L 1:1 with the process being carried out at 160 °C (6.59% N). The optimal hydrolysis conditions for non-chromium (S) shavings were: S:L ratio 1:2, 10% H2SO4, and temperature 160 °C (4.08% N). Chromium concentrations in hydrolysates from S and SCr shavings obtained under optimal conditions were 15.2 mg/kg and 9483 mg/kg, respectively. Hydrolysate samples were analyzed by reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) that revealed that the type of hydrolysis (acidic/alkaline) affects the amino acid profile. Approximately 4.5 times more amino acids were extracted in the KOH environment than during acidic treatment. The hydrolysates contained mainly glycine, alanine, and proline, which are primarily responsible for stimulating plant growth by supporting chlorophyll synthesis, chelating micronutrients, improving pollen fertility, or resistance to low temperatures. The conversion of tannery waste into fertilizer requires the control of contaminant levels, especially chromium, which can oxidize to the carcinogenic form Cr(VI) that is hazardous to humans and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Mikula
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Maciej Konieczka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Taf
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dawid Skrzypczak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Izydorczyk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Konstantinos Moustakas
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 IroonPolytechniou StrZographou Campus, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Marek Kułażyński
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Witek-Krowiak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
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Canellas NA, Olivares FL, da Silva RM, Canellas LP. Changes in Metabolic Profile of Rice Leaves Induced by Humic Acids. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3261. [PMID: 36501300 PMCID: PMC9739522 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of humic substances in agriculture as a biostimulant emerged as one of the promising methods to promote sustainable production. Different molecular, biochemical, and physiological processes are triggered, resulting in nutrient efficiency use and protection against abiotic stress. Understanding plant changes promoted by humic substances is essential for innovative and tailored biostimulation technologies. Cell metabolites are the final target of the response chain, and the metabolomic approach can be helpful in unveiling pathways related to plant response. This study aimed to evaluate a global metabolic alteration of rice leaves induced by humic acids (HA) applied in a hydroponics system. Using 1H NMR and GC-TOF/MS analysis, we observed a significant decrease in all main metabolites classes in leaves treated with HA, including lipids, organic acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates. Metabolites in higher concentrations in HA-treated plants are candidates as markers of HA bioactivity, including amino acids, intermediates of tricarboxylic acid cycle, and lipids, and aromatic compounds related to plant-stress response.
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Jumpa T, Beckles DM, Songsri P, Pattanagul K, Pattanagul W. Physiological and Metabolic Responses of Gac Leaf ( Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng.) to Salinity Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2447. [PMID: 36235312 PMCID: PMC9572180 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Gac is a carotenoid-rich, healthful tropical fruit; however, its productivity is limited by soil salinity, a growing environmental stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of salinity stress on key physiological traits and metabolites in 30-day-old gac seedling leaves, treated with 0, 25-, 50-, 100-, and 150-mM sodium chloride (NaCl) for four weeks to identify potential alarm, acclimatory, and exhaustion responses. Electrolyte leakage increased with increasing NaCl concentrations (p < 0.05) indicating loss of membrane permeability and conditions that lead to reactive oxygen species production. At 25 and 50 mM NaCl, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, starch content, and total soluble sugar increased. Chlorophyll a, and total chlorophyll increased at 25 mM NaCl but decreased at higher NaCl concentrations indicating salinity-induced thylakoid membrane degradation and chlorophyllase activity. Catalase (CAT) activity decreased (p < 0.05) at all NaCl treatments, while ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activities were highest at 150 mM NaCl. GC-MS-metabolite profiling showed that 150 mM NaCl induced the largest changes in metabolites and was thus distinct. Thirteen pathways and 7.73% of metabolites differed between the control and all the salt-treated seedlings. Salinity decreased TCA cycle intermediates, and there were less sugars for growth but more for osmoprotection, with the latter augmented by increased amino acids. Although 150 mM NaCl level decreased SOD activity, the APX and GPX enzymes were still active, and some carbohydrates and metabolites also accumulated to promote salinity resistance via multiple mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitiwan Jumpa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Diane M. Beckles
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95615, USA
| | - Patcharin Songsri
- Department of Plant Sciences and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kunlaya Pattanagul
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wattana Pattanagul
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Cui Z, Liu S, Ge C, Shen Q, Zhang S, Ma H, Liu R, Zhao X, Liu R, Li P, Wang H, Wu Q, Pang C, Chen J. Genome-wide association study reveals that GhTRL1 and GhPIN8 affect cotton root development. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:3161-3176. [PMID: 35965278 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two regions located at chromosome A05 and D04 were found to be significantly associated with 0-0.5 mm and 0.5-2 mm diameter roots, respectively, and two candidate genes related to root development were identified. Roots absorb water and nutrients, and play an important role in plant growth. However, there are few genetic developmental studies on cotton root structural traits. In this study, we used 200 upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties to analyze the phenotypic variation of 43 traits. A total of 2001 related single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites located within or near 1046 genes were detected through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The 32 root traits were linked to SNPs that corresponded to 317 nonrepetitive genes. For SNPs associated with root length and 0-0.5 mm diameter root traits, a significant peak appeared on chromosome A05 (between 21.91 and 22.24 Mb). For SNPs associated with root surface area, root volume and 0.5-2 mm diameter root traits, a significant peak appeared on chromosome D04 (between 7.35 and 7.70 Mb). Within these two key regions, SNPs were detected in the promoter and coding regions of two candidate genes, GhTRL1-A05 and GhPIN8-D04. The expression levels of these two genes also changed significantly according to transcriptome sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). After silencing the GhTRL1 and GhPIN8 genes via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), we found that the plants expressing TRV2::GhTRL1 and TRV2::GhPIN8 had a reduced root length, surface area. Moreover, the contents of cis-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (cis-OPDA), isopentenyl adenosine (iPR) and cis-zeatin (cZ) in the roots of the plants expressing TRV2::GhTRL1 decreased. This study contributes to the cultivation and improvement of cotton varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Changwei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruida Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qidi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaoyou Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ürümqi, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.
- Zhengzhou Research Station, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Chen J, Hu H, Ye K, Wang W, Xu D. Synthesis of Novel Pyrimidinylselenium Compounds as Acetolactate Synthase‐Inhibiting Herbicides. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinglei Chen
- School of Pharmacy Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Hang Hu
- School of Pharmacy Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Kai Ye
- School of Pharmacy Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- FRD Science & Technology Jiangshu) Co., Ltd P. R. China
| | - Defeng Xu
- School of Pharmacy Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 P. R. China
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Chen J, Zeng H, Zhang X. Integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of D-leaf of seven pineapple varieties differing in N-P-K% contents. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:550. [PMID: 34809576 PMCID: PMC8607640 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03291-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) is the third most important tropical fruit in China. In other crops, farmers can easily judge the nutritional requirements from leaf color. However, concerning pineapple, it is difficult due to the variation in leaf color of the cultivated pineapple varieties. A detailed understanding of the mechanisms of nutrient transport, accumulation, and assimilation was targeted in this study. We explored the D-leaf nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents, transcriptome, and metabolome of seven pineapple varieties. RESULTS Significantly higher N, P, and K% contents were observed in Bali, Caine, and Golden pineapple. The transcriptome sequencing of 21 libraries resulted in the identification of 14,310 differentially expressed genes in the D-leaves of seven pineapple varieties. Genes associated with N transport and assimilation in D-leaves of pineapple was possibly regulated by nitrate and ammonium transporters, and glutamate dehydrogenases play roles in N assimilation in arginine biosynthesis pathways. Photosynthesis and photosynthesis-antenna proteins pathways were also significantly regulated between the studied genotypes. Phosphate transporters and mitochondrial phosphate transporters were differentially regulated regarding inorganic P transport. WRKY, MYB, and bHLH transcription factors were possibly regulating the phosphate transporters. The observed varying contents of K% in the D-leaves was associated to the regulation of K+ transporters and channels under the influence of Ca2+ signaling. The UPLC-MS/MS analysis detected 873 metabolites which were mainly classified as flavonoids, lipids, and phenolic acids. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide a detailed insight into the N, P, K% contents in pineapple D-leaf and their transcriptomic and metabolomic signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Tree Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China.
- South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China.
| | - Hui Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Tree Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China
- South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Tree Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China
- South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China
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Phytochemical Constituents and Allelopathic Potential of Parthenium hysterophorus L. in Comparison to Commercial Herbicides to Control Weeds. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071445. [PMID: 34371648 PMCID: PMC8309427 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The allelopathic effect of various concentrations (0, 6.25, 12.5, 50 and 100 g L-1) of Parthenium hysterophorus methanol extract on Cyperus iria was investigated under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. No seed germination was recorded in the laboratory when P. hysterophorus extract was applied at 50 g L-1. In the glasshouse, C. iria was mostly injured by P. hysterophorus extract at 100 g L-1. The phytochemical constituents of the methanol extract of P. hysterophorus were analyzed by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS=MS. The results indicated the presence of phenolic compounds, terpenoids, alkaloids, amino acids, fatty acids, piperazines, benzofuran, indole, amines, azoles, sulfonic acid and other unknown compounds in P. hysterophorus methanol extract. A comparative study was also conducted between P. hysterophorus extract (20, 40 and 80 g L-1) with a synthetic herbicide (glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium at 2 L ha-1) as a positive control and no treatment (negative control) on Ageratumconyzoides, Oryzasativa and C. iria. The growth and biomass of test weeds were remarkably inhibited by P. hysterophorus extract. Nevertheless, no significant difference was obtained when P. hysterophorus extract (80 g L-1) and synthetic herbicides (glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium) were applied on A.conyzoides.
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Profiling of Plant Growth-Promoting Metabolites by Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria in Maize Rhizosphere. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061071. [PMID: 34071755 PMCID: PMC8229199 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Microbial treatment has recently been attracting attention as a sustainable agricultural strategy addressing the current problems caused by unreasonable agricultural practices. However, the mechanism through which microbial inoculants promote plant growth is not well understood. In this study, two phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were screened, and their growth-promoting abilities were explored. At day 7 (D7), the lengths of the root and sprout with three microbial treatments, M16, M44, and the combination of M16 and M44 (Com), were significantly greater than those with the non-microbial control, with mean values of 9.08 and 4.73, 7.15 and 4.83, and 13.98 and 5.68 cm, respectively. At day 14 (D14), M16, M44, and Com significantly increased not only the length of the root and sprout but also the underground and aboveground biomass. Differential metabolites were identified, and various amino acids, amino acid derivatives, and other plant growth-regulating molecules were significantly enhanced by the three microbial treatments. The profiling of key metabolites associated with plant growth in different microbial treatments showed consistent results with their performances in the germination experiment, which revealed the metabolic mechanism of plant growth-promoting processes mediated by screened PSB. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of PSB in sustainable agriculture.
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