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Engelkamp JE, Hartmann AS, Petrowski K, Herhaus B, Fegert JM, Sachser C, Kropp P, Müller B, Brähler E, Hilbert A. Health behavior and psychological treatment utilization in adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder symptoms. J Eat Disord 2024; 12:88. [PMID: 38926791 PMCID: PMC11200871 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-024-01049-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), an eating disorder not associated with weight and shape concerns, results in nutrient or energy deficiencies related with further health consequences and a pronounced need for specialized treatment. These interventions need to be tailored to individual health behavior. However, research about health behavior and treatment utilization in ARFID is scarce, particularly in adults, as ARFID is more common in children despite occurring across the lifespan. One important aspect of health behavior is the individual's health regulatory focus (i.e., health prevention and health promotion). Additionally, symptoms of eating disorders have generally been associated with various health risk behaviors, such as smoking, drinking, or unhealthy physical (in)activity. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate health behavior and psychological treatment utilization in adults with symptoms of ARFID. METHODS A representative adult population sample (N = 2415) completed several self-report questionnaires assessing symptoms of eating disorders and health behavior. Differences between groups (symptoms of ARFID vs. no symptoms of ARFID) were tested with analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney-U-tests, and binary logistic regression. RESULTS Individuals with symptoms of ARFID (n = 20) did not differ in their health regulatory focus, smoking status, physical activity or psychological treatment utilization from individuals without symptoms of ARFID (n = 2395). However, they reported higher alcohol misuse than individuals without symptoms of ARFID. CONCLUSION The findings suggest a relevance of further exploration of the relationship between alcohol misuse and ARFID, given the preliminary nature of these results. This exploration could inform treatment strategies for addressing potential comorbid substance misuse. Furthermore, the low psychological treatment utilization in adults with symptoms of ARFID suggest a need for more specialized psychological treatment services, public education about ARFID being an indication for psychological treatment, and further research about treatment barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Enya Engelkamp
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Childhood and Adolescence, Konstanz University, Universitätstr. 10, 78464, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Andrea Sabrina Hartmann
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Childhood and Adolescence, Konstanz University, Universitätstr. 10, 78464, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Katja Petrowski
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benedict Herhaus
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Michael Fegert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Krankenhausweg 3, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cedric Sachser
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Krankenhausweg 3, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Kropp
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Britta Müller
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Elmar Brähler
- Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Stephanstr. 9a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anja Hilbert
- Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Stephanstr. 9a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Arjmand EJ, Skogen JC, Vold JH, Alpers SE, Arnesen EK, Mæland S, Fadnes LT. Changes in Body Mass Index and Their Associations with Psychological Distress, Worries, and Emotional Eating during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Norwegian Cohort Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3834. [PMID: 37686867 PMCID: PMC10490145 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted obesity's long-term rise. Some of the impacts of the pandemic were increased psychological distress, emotional eating, higher consumption of high-sugar foods and drinks, and a more sedentary lifestyle. This study examined BMI changes over time and their associations with psychological distress and lifestyle changes. This population-based cohort study had 24,968 baseline participants and 15,904 and 9442 one- and two-year follow-ups, respectively. Weight, height, psychological distress, high-sugar foods and drinks, physical activity, and emotional eating were assessed. These factors and BMI were examined at baseline and over time. We used mediation analyses and structural equation modeling to determine how psychological distress affects BMI. The mean BMI was 25.7 kg/m2 at baseline and 26.2 kg/m2 at two years. High psychological distress, daily emotional eating, and low physical activity were associated with higher BMI at baseline and higher yearly increases in BMI compared to reference levels. Emotional eating mediated 33% of the psychological distress BMI effect. Overall, BMI increased during the pandemic. Psychological distress during the pandemic was linked to weight gain partly through emotional eating. This association remained strong over time during different stages of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Javadi Arjmand
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (J.H.V.); (S.M.); (L.T.F.)
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 5808 Bergen, Norway;
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473 Oslo, Norway
- Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jørn Henrik Vold
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (J.H.V.); (S.M.); (L.T.F.)
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway;
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Silvia Eiken Alpers
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Erik Kristoffer Arnesen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Silje Mæland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (J.H.V.); (S.M.); (L.T.F.)
| | - Lars Thore Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (J.H.V.); (S.M.); (L.T.F.)
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway;
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Xu J, Li YZ, Zhu DQ, Li JZ. “Lubricant” or “Stumbling Block”?: The Paradoxical Association Between Team Authoritarian Leadership and Creative Deviance. Front Psychol 2022; 13:835970. [PMID: 35432087 PMCID: PMC9008198 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.835970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, creative deviance has been lauded to be an innovation-enhancing approach with applications in many new and high-tech domains. Previous study on antecedents to creative deviance remains scattered and vague. Our research conceptualizes creative deviance from the perspective of independent innovation and explores its antecedents, mechanisms, as well as conditions. Team authoritarian leadership is conceptualized as a contradictory unity as it mixes advantages and disadvantages. However, it is surprising to find that there are very few researches that have examined its relevant influence mechanisms and boundary conditions for authoritarian leadership. Contributing to an advanced understanding of authoritarian leadership in research and development teams, we investigated whether team authoritarian leadership is positively or negatively related to creative deviance. Drawing on social information processing theory and regulatory focus theory, we supposed that team authoritarian leadership facilitates creative deviance when the degree is low and inhibits it when the degree is high; dual occupational stress and prevention regulatory focus play mediation roles between team authoritarian leadership and creative deviance respectively, both variables play a chain mediation role in that relationship; and the mindfulness characteristic of an individual moderates the inverted-U team authoritarian leadership-creative deviance association, such that this association is weaker with low individual mindfulness. With two-phase questionnaire data collected from 433 members in 82 R&D teams of high-tech enterprises in electronic information technology, new material technology, new medical technology, resource and environment technology and advanced manufacturing technology randomly selected from five provinces in eastern China, these hypotheses are supported empirically. Overall, we find that, our study broadens antecedents and the relevant occurrence mechanisms of creative deviance when studied through a leadership management lens. Moreover, our research enriches the cognate studies on authoritarian leadership by empirically demonstrating that team authoritarian leadership may function as an double-edged sword of creative deviance in the R&D workplace. These above findings offer insightful thoughts to scholars in the field of authoritarian leadership and bring practical suggestions for team superiors who seek to implement best innovation practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Evergrande School of Management, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Zhou Li
- Evergrande School of Management, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - De-Qun Zhu
- School of Economics and Management, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao, China
| | - Jing-Zhi Li
- School of Labor Relations and Personnel, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Zhi Li,
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Traditional or Fast Foods, Which One Do You Choose? The Roles of Traditional Value, Modern Value, and Promotion Focus. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12187549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Eating behaviors and food consumption motivations have been important research topics in consumer, nutrition, and food literature. This study aims to examine the impact of some key factors (i.e., nationalism, materialism, cultural values, and promotion focus) on the consumption of traditional food and fast food in an emerging market. Using a sample data of 691 urban consumers in China, results of structural equation modeling reveal that nationalism appears to be an important predictor of traditional personal value, while materialism is a major factor that enhances modern personal value. Additionally, promotion focus has a positive mediating effect on the relationship between traditional personal value and traditional food purchase intention and that between modern personal value and fast food purchase intention. Notably, the total effect of modern personal value on fast food purchase intention is stronger than the total impact of traditional personal value on traditional food purchase intention. This study provides fresh insights into motivations for traditional food and fast food consumption in China and have important implications for food marketers and policymakers who aim at promoting favorable eating behaviors.
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Douma LN, Uiters E, Timmermans DRM. Do people with a different goal-orientation or specific focus make different decisions about colorectal cancer-screening participation? PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213003. [PMID: 30817788 PMCID: PMC6394955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous studies have shown that having promotion-oriented goals (e.g. wanting to become healthy) or prevention-oriented goals (e.g. wanting to avoid getting ill) can affect people’s health-related decisions and behaviour by emphasising aspects and information that seem relevant in light of what they want to achieve. However, this issue has not yet been researched regarding colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. With our study, we aimed to examine the relationship between people’s goal-orientation or focus on advantages or disadvantages and their CRC screening participation, as this could provide insights for supporting people in making this complex decision. Methods An online survey was carried out among a sample of first-time CRC screening invitees (1282 respondents, response rate 49%). We assessed people’s goal-orientation (i.e. promotion-orientation and prevention-orientation), focus on the advantages or disadvantages of CRC screening, screening participation and main considerations (e.g. cancer is a serious illness) concerning their screening decision. Results Generally, CRC screening participants scored higher on both promotion-orientation and prevention-orientation than non-participants. Both CRC screening participation and non-participation were not associated with a dominant goal-orientation. CRC screening participants did show a dominant focus on the advantages of CRC screening. Mediation analysis showed support for our premise that the relationship between people’s goal-orientation or focus on advantages or disadvantages and their screening participation could be (partially) mediated by people’s main considerations concerning CRC screening. Conclusion CRC screening participants and non-participants differed in their goal-orientation and focus on advantages or disadvantages. CRC screening participation appears to be associated with a focus on the advantages of CRC screening, which could impede the making of an informed decision. CRC screening non-participation appears not to be associated with any clear goal-orientation or focus, or we have not yet managed to capture this, which could be either beneficial or problematic for making an informed decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda N. Douma
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Ellen Uiters
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle R. M. Timmermans
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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Prasastyoga B, van Leeuwen E, Harinck F. Will growth bring more good than harm to my business? The role of regulatory focus in small business growth beliefs. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bramesada Prasastyoga
- Department of Social and Organisational Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences; Leiden University
| | - Esther van Leeuwen
- Department of Social and Organisational Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences; Leiden University
| | - Fieke Harinck
- Department of Social and Organisational Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences; Leiden University
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Pfattheicher S, Keller J. A motivational perspective on punishment in social dilemmas. EUROPEAN REVIEW OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2017.1375662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Genschow O, van Den Bossche S, Cracco E, Bardi L, Rigoni D, Brass M. Mimicry and automatic imitation are not correlated. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183784. [PMID: 28877197 PMCID: PMC5587324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely known that individuals have a tendency to imitate each other. However, different psychological disciplines assess imitation in different manners. While social psychologists assess mimicry by means of action observation, cognitive psychologists assess automatic imitation with reaction time based measures on a trial-by-trial basis. Although these methods differ in crucial methodological aspects, both phenomena are assumed to rely on similar underlying mechanisms. This raises the fundamental question whether mimicry and automatic imitation are actually correlated. In the present research we assessed both phenomena and did not find a meaningful correlation. Moreover, personality traits such as empathy, autism traits, and traits related to self- versus other-focus did not correlate with mimicry or automatic imitation either. Theoretical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Genschow
- Social Cognition Center Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Emiel Cracco
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lara Bardi
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Davide Rigoni
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marcel Brass
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Pfattheicher S, Schindler S. Understanding the Dark Side of Costly Punishment: The Impact of Individual Differences in Everyday Sadism and Existential Threat. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/per.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In public goods situations, a specific destructive behaviour reliably emerges when individuals face the possibility of costly punishing others: antisocial punishment, that is, costly punishing cooperative individuals. So far, however, little is known about the individual differences and situational factors that are associated with the dark side of costly punishment. This research deals with this shortcoming. We argue that antisocial punishment reflects the basic characteristics of sadism, namely, aggressive behaviour to dominate and to harm other individuals. We further argue that antisocial punishment may reflect a type of behaviour that allows for the maintenance of self–esteem (through aggressively dominating others). Therefore, we expect that individuals who report a disposition for everyday sadism are particularly likely to engage in antisocial punishment when their self has been threatened (by thinking about one's own death). In a study ( N = 99), we found empirical support for this assumption. The present research contributes to a better understanding of antisocial punishment and suggests that sadistic tendencies play a crucial role, especially when the self is (existentially) threatened. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Pfattheicher S, Keller J. The watching eyes phenomenon: The role of a sense of being seen and public self-awareness. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Johannes Keller
- Department of Social Psychology; Ulm University; Ulm Germany
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Pich J, Bibiloni MDM, Pons A, Tur JA. Weight Self-Regulation Process in Adolescence: The Relationship between Control Weight Attitudes, Behaviors, and Body Weight Status. Front Nutr 2015; 2:14. [PMID: 26284248 PMCID: PMC4518217 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2015.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescents' self-control weight behaviors were assessed (N = 1961; 12-17 years old; 2007-2008) in the Balearic Islands, Spain. The study analyzed the relationships between body weight status, body image, and self-weight concern, and actual attempts to lose weight by restrained eating and/or increased exercising. In terms of regulatory focus theory (RFT), we considered that efforts to lose or to maintain weight (successful or failed) would be motivated either by a "promotion focus" (to show an attractive body), or a "prevention focus" (to avoid social rejection of fatness), or both. Results showed that 41% of overweight boys and 25% of obese boys stated that they had never made any attempt to lose weight, and 13 and 4% in females. Around half of overweight boys and around a quarter of obese boys stated that they were "Not at all" concerned about weight gain, and girls' percentages decreased to 13 and 11%, respectively. By contrast, 57% of normal weight girls monitored their weight and stated that they had tried to become slim at least once. Weight self-regulation in females attempted to combine diet and exercise, while boys relied almost exclusively on exercise. Apparent lack of consciousness of body weight status among overweight boys, and more important, subsequent absence of behaviors to reduce their weight clearly challenges efforts to prevent obesity. We argue that several causes may be involved in this outcome, including unconscious, emotional (self-defense), and cognitive (dissonance) mechanisms driven by perceived social stigmatization of obesity. The active participation of social values of male and female body image (strong vs. pretty), and the existence of social habituation to overweight are suggested. A better knowledge of psychosocial mechanisms underlying adolescent weight self-control may improve obesity epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Pich
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria del Mar Bibiloni
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antoni Pons
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Keller J, Mayo R, Greifeneder R, Pfattheicher S. Regulatory focus and generalized trust: the impact of prevention-focused self-regulation on trusting others. Front Psychol 2015; 6:254. [PMID: 25852585 PMCID: PMC4362080 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current research suggests that taking self-regulatory mechanisms into account provides insights regarding individuals' responses to threats in social interactions. In general, based on the notion that a prevention-focused orientation of self-regulation is associated with a need for security and a vigilant tendency to avoid losses and other types of negative events we advocate that a prevention-focused orientation, both as a disposition as well as a situationally induced state, lowers generalized trust, thus hindering cooperation within social interactions that entail threats. Specifically, we found that the more individuals' habitual self-regulatory orientation is dominated by a prevention focus, the less likely they are to score high on a self-report measure of generalized trust (Study 1), and to express trust in a trust game paradigm as manifested in lower sums of transferred money (Studies 2 and 3). Similar findings were found when prevention focus was situationally manipulated (Study 4). Finally, one possible factor underlying the impact of prevention-focused self-regulation on generalized trust was demonstrated as individuals with a special sensitivity to negative information were significantly affected by a subtle prevention focus manipulation (versus control condition) in that they reacted with reduced trust in the trust game (Study 5). In sum, the current findings document the crucial relevance of self-regulatory orientations as conceptualized in regulatory focus theory regarding generalized trust and responses to threats within a social interaction. The theoretical and applied implications of the findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Keller
- Abteilung Sozialpsychologie, Institut für Psychologie und Pӓdagogik, University of Ulm Ulm, Germany
| | - Ruth Mayo
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Stefan Pfattheicher
- Abteilung Sozialpsychologie, Institut für Psychologie und Pӓdagogik, University of Ulm Ulm, Germany
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Rodríguez-Martín BC, Meule A. Food craving: new contributions on its assessment, moderators, and consequences. Front Psychol 2015; 6:21. [PMID: 25657636 PMCID: PMC4302707 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Boris C Rodríguez-Martín
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Central University "Marta Abreu" of Las Villas Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Adrian Meule
- Institute of Psychology, University of Würzburg Würzburg, Germany ; Hospital for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, LWL University Hospital of the Ruhr University Bochum Hamm, Germany
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