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Riehle M, Straková A, Lincoln TM. Emotional Experience of People With Schizophrenia and People at Risk for Psychosis: A Meta-Analysis. JAMA Psychiatry 2024; 81:57-66. [PMID: 37755868 PMCID: PMC10535019 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.3589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Importance Psychotic symptoms are associated with subjective reports of aberrant emotion, such as excessive fear or anhedonia, but whether these aberrations reflect aberrant emotional experience of normative stimuli is uncertain both for individuals with schizophrenia and those at risk for psychosis. Objective To provide a meta-analysis of study samples of emotional experience in individuals with schizophrenia and those at risk for psychosis as assessed in laboratory-based emotion-induction studies. Data Sources MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases were searched for articles published from January 1986 and Google Scholar citations of a relevant earlier meta-analysis until August 2022. Reference lists were manually searched for additional studies. Study Selection Included studies measured positive or negative emotional experience in response to standardized emotionally evocative stimuli and compared participants diagnosed with schizophrenia or participants at risk for psychosis with healthy controls. Data Extraction and Synthesis The meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines. Data were extracted by 2 independent coders, and random-effects analyses were conducted. Main Outcomes and Measures Outcomes were 3 scales of emotional experience (unipolar positive emotion, unipolar negative emotion, bipolar valence), analyzed separately for pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant stimuli. A meta-analysis was conducted for differences between the 2 clinical groups combined and controls. Subgroup differences (schizophrenia vs at risk) and the influence of several other variables were tested in moderator analyses. Results This systematic review and meta-analysis included data from 111 studies and 6913 participants (schizophrenia: 2848 [41.2%]; at risk: 877 [12.7%]; healthy controls: 3188 [46.1%]). Compared with controls, people with schizophrenia and those at risk for psychosis experienced pleasant stimuli as less positive (unipolar positive: standardized mean difference [SMD] Hedges g = -0.19; P =.001; bipolar valence: SMD Hedges g = -0.28; P <.001) and more negative (Hedges g = 0.52; P <.001), neutral stimuli as more negative (Hedges g = 0.55; P <.001), and unpleasant stimuli as both more positive (unipolar positive: SMD Hedges g = 0.23; P =.005; bipolar valence: Hedges g = 0.12; P =.01) and more negative (Hedges g = 0.22; P <.001). Moderator analyses indicated a less aberrant emotional experience for odors than for visual stimuli (unipolar negative, pleasant z score = -2.97; P =.003; unipolar negative, neutral z score = -2.70; P =.007), an association between higher negative symptoms and diminished positive emotion for pleasant stimuli in schizophrenia (z score = -2.98; P =.003), and that subgroup differences were limited to neutral stimuli. Conclusions and Relevance Results suggest a pattern of aberrant emotional experience of normative stimuli in schizophrenia and that this already was observable before disorder onset. In particular, the aberrant experience of pleasant stimuli needs to be considered as an intervention target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Riehle
- Institute for Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Straková
- Department of Psychology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tania M. Lincoln
- Institute for Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Grave J, Madeira N, Morais S, Rodrigues P, Soares SC. Emotional interference and attentional control in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: The special case of neutral faces. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2023; 81:101892. [PMID: 37429124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2023.101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) are characterized by impaired emotion processing and attention. SSD patients are more sensitive to the presence of emotional distractors. But despite growing interest on the emotion-attention interplay, emotional interference in SSD is far from fully understood. Moreover, research to date has not established the link between emotional interference and attentional control in SSD. This study thus aimed to investigate the effects of facial expression and attentional control in SSD, by manipulating perceptual load. METHODS Twenty-two SSD patients and 22 healthy controls performed a target-letter discrimination task with task-irrelevant angry, happy, and neutral faces. Target-letter was presented among homogenous (low load) or heterogenous (high load) distractor-letters. Accuracy and RT were analysed using (generalized) linear mixed-effect models. RESULTS Accuracy was significantly lower in SSD patients than controls, regardless of perceptual load and facial expression. Concerning RT, SSD patients were significantly slower than controls in the presence of neutral faces, but only at high load. No group differences were observed for angry and happy faces. LIMITATIONS Heterogeneity of SSD, small sample size, lack of clinical control group, medication. CONCLUSIONS One possible explanation is that neutral faces captured exogenous attention to a greater extent in SSD, thus challenging attentional control in perceptually demanding conditions. This may reflect abnormal processing of neutral faces in SSD. If replicated, these findings will help to understand the interplay between exogenous attention, attentional control, and emotion processing in SSD, which may unravel the mechanism underlying socioemotional dysfunction in SSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Grave
- William James Center for Research (WJCR-Aveiro), Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS@RISE), Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Madeira
- Psychiatry Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Institute of Psychological Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT-Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CACC-Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia Morais
- Psychiatry Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Institute of Psychological Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT-Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; CACC-Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Rodrigues
- Department of Psychology and Education, University of Beira Interior, Estrada do Sineiro, 6200-209 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sandra C Soares
- William James Center for Research (WJCR-Aveiro), Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Park S. Schizophrenia in the mind, the brain and the body. Psychiatry Res 2023; 329:115547. [PMID: 37890408 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The author describes three lines of research programs that have guided her goal of elucidating the etiology of schizophrenia: working memory and representational guidance of behavior, disrupted social cognition and bodily-self disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohee Park
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, 111. 21st Ave S, Nashville, TN 37240, USA.
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Chiang SK, Lai SM, Hu TM. Social cognition and apathy between two cognitive subtypes of schizophrenia: Are there the same or different profiles? Schizophr Res Cogn 2023; 33:100287. [PMID: 37214255 PMCID: PMC10196718 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2023.100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective Cognitive impairment is an essential feature of schizophrenia, and it involves a broad array of nonsocial and social cognitive domains. This study aimed to examine whether there are the same or different social cognition profiles between two cognitive subtypes of schizophrenia. Method There were one hundred and two chronic and institutionalized patients with schizophrenia from two referral tracks. One group is "Cognitively Normal Range" (CNR) (N = 52), and another group is "Below Normal Range" (BNR) (N = 50). We assessed or collected their apathy, emotional perception judgment, facial expression judgment, and empathy by the Apathy Evaluation Scale, the International Affective Picture System, the Japanese and Caucasian Facial Expression of Emotion, and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, respectively. Results We found different impairment profiles depending on the cognitive subtypes of the patient with schizophrenia. Surprisingly, the CNR presented impairments in apathy, emotional perception judgment, facial expression judgment, and empathy and feature impairment in empathy and affective apathy. In contrast, even though the BNR had significant neurocognition impairments, they had almost intact empathy with significantly impaired cognitive apathy. Both groups' global deficit scores (GDSs) were comparable, and all reached at least a mild impairment level. Conclusions The CNR and the BNR had similar abilities in emotional perception judgment and facial emotion recognition. They also had differentiable deficits in apathy and empathy. Our findings provide important clinical implications for neuropsychological pathology and treatment in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Kuang Chiang
- Department of Counselling and Clinical Psychology, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd., Shoufeng, Hualien county 974301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Min Lai
- Department of Counselling and Clinical Psychology, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd., Shoufeng, Hualien county 974301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsung-Ming Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuli Branch, No. 91, Xinxing St., Yuli Township, Hualien County 98142, Taiwan, ROC
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Stress and emotional arousal in urban environments: A biosocial study with persons having experienced a first-episode of psychosis and persons at risk. Health Place 2022; 75:102762. [PMID: 35286900 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This article examines the entanglement between feelings of stress and discomfort, physiological arousal and urban experiences of persons living with early psychosis. It adopts a biosocial approach, using mixed methods combining ambulatory skin conductance monitoring, mobile interviews and contextual data, collected through GPS and video recordings. The study draws on and strives to cross-fertilize two recent strands of research. The first relates to the use of digital phenotyping in mental health research. The second explores stress and emotional arousal in cities using ambulatory physiological measures. Empirically, the paper is based on fieldwork in Basel, Switzerland, with nine participants recruited within the Basel Early Treatment Service (BEATS), and four controls. We focus on three salient elements in our results: visual perception of moving bodies, spatial transitions and openness and enclosure of the built environment. The analysis shows how these elements elicit physiological responses of arousal and expressed feelings of discomfort. In the concluding section we discuss the methodological implications of these results and suggest the notion of regime of attention as a focus for future biosocial research on urban mental health.
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Wei M, Roodenrys S, Miller L, Barkus E. Complex Scenes From the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Exp Psychol 2020; 67:194-201. [PMID: 32900297 PMCID: PMC8210657 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Complex scenes from standardized stimuli databases such as the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) are organized dimensionally rather than discretely. Further, the potentially unique function of socially relevant scenes is often overlooked. This study sought to identify discrete categories of complex scenes from the IAPS and to explore if there were qualitative features that make the emotional content of some social scenes identifiable with higher levels of agreement. One hundred and three participants (53.4% female, mean age 24.4) judged 118 IAPS scenes as reflecting fear, happy, sad, or neutral. A second judgment study was conducted with a separate group of participants (N = 117; 79.2% female; mean age 30.41) to further characterize valid affective scenes across the full range of basic emotions. Sixty images received agreement on their emotional category from >70% of judges and were considered valid. IAPS identifier codes for these images are available for reference (along with the supplementary material from the second judgment study), organized by emotional and social content. An incidental observation was such that compared to nonsocial scenes, lower agreement rates were observed for social scenes across the board. Qualitative features of social scenes that were classified into emotional categories based on higher levels of agreement are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryann Wei
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Steven Roodenrys
- Cognitive Basis of Atypical Behaviour Initiative (CBABi), School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Leonie Miller
- Cognitive Basis of Atypical Behaviour Initiative (CBABi), School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma Barkus
- Cognitive Basis of Atypical Behaviour Initiative (CBABi), School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Torregrossa LJ, Snodgress MA, Hong SJ, Nichols HS, Glerean E, Nummenmaa L, Park S. Anomalous Bodily Maps of Emotions in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2019; 45:1060-1067. [PMID: 30551180 PMCID: PMC6737484 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sby179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Embodied emotions arise from interoceptive and somatosensory processes, and are essential to the development of a stable sense of self. Emotional embodiment is therefore inherently interwoven with our sense of bodily self-awareness, and allows us to navigate complex social situations. Given that the core feature of schizophrenia (SZ) is characterized by the presence of bodily self-disturbances and social-emotional deficits, we hypothesized that embodiment of emotion would be disrupted in SZ. METHOD Twenty-six medicated individuals with SZ and 26 demographically matched controls used a computerized topographical mapping tool ("EmBODY") to indicate on a body outline where they felt bodily sensations while experiencing an emotion. There were 13 different emotions plus a neutral state. The resulting bodily maps of emotions were quantitatively compared between groups using linear discriminant analysis and similarity scores. RESULTS Bodily maps of emotions were anomalous in SZ as indicated by indistinguishable maps across different emotions. Relative to the control group, patients reported less discrete and less clear bodily sensations across emotions. In particular, bodily maps for low-arousal emotions were atypical in comparison with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Anomalous and undifferentiated mapping of embodied emotions in SZ could lead to deficits in linking bodily sensations to conceptual categories of emotions. Disrupted emotional embodiment could also contribute to poor social functioning. Abnormal bodily sensations of emotions might therefore be a promising target for future psychosocial interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seok Jin Hong
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Enrico Glerean
- Human Emotion Systems Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Human Emotion Systems Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sohee Park
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN,Global Academy for Future Civilizations, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Vanderbilt University, 111 21st Avenue S, Wilson Hall, Nashville, TN 37240, US; tel: 615-322-3435, fax: +1 615 343 8449, e-mail:
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Marshall CR, Hardy CJD, Russell LL, Clark CN, Bond RL, Dick KM, Brotherhood EV, Mummery CJ, Schott JM, Rohrer JD, Kilner JM, Warren JD. Motor signatures of emotional reactivity in frontotemporal dementia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1030. [PMID: 29348485 PMCID: PMC5773553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Automatic motor mimicry is essential to the normal processing of perceived emotion, and disrupted automatic imitation might underpin socio-emotional deficits in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly the frontotemporal dementias. However, the pathophysiology of emotional reactivity in these diseases has not been elucidated. We studied facial electromyographic responses during emotion identification on viewing videos of dynamic facial expressions in 37 patients representing canonical frontotemporal dementia syndromes versus 21 healthy older individuals. Neuroanatomical associations of emotional expression identification accuracy and facial muscle reactivity were assessed using voxel-based morphometry. Controls showed characteristic profiles of automatic imitation, and this response predicted correct emotion identification. Automatic imitation was reduced in the behavioural and right temporal variant groups, while the normal coupling between imitation and correct identification was lost in the right temporal and semantic variant groups. Grey matter correlates of emotion identification and imitation were delineated within a distributed network including primary visual and motor, prefrontal, insular, anterior temporal and temporo-occipital junctional areas, with common involvement of supplementary motor cortex across syndromes. Impaired emotional mimesis may be a core mechanism of disordered emotional signal understanding and reactivity in frontotemporal dementia, with implications for the development of novel physiological biomarkers of socio-emotional dysfunction in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles R Marshall
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Chris J D Hardy
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Lucy L Russell
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Camilla N Clark
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Rebecca L Bond
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Katrina M Dick
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Emilie V Brotherhood
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Cath J Mummery
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jonathan D Rohrer
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - James M Kilner
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jason D Warren
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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Woolley JD, Chuang B, Fussell C, Scherer S, Biagianti B, Fulford D, Mathalon DH, Vinogradov S. Intranasal oxytocin increases facial expressivity, but not ratings of trustworthiness, in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Psychol Med 2017; 47:1311-1322. [PMID: 28091349 PMCID: PMC6939989 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716003433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blunted facial affect is a common negative symptom of schizophrenia. Additionally, assessing the trustworthiness of faces is a social cognitive ability that is impaired in schizophrenia. Currently available pharmacological agents are ineffective at improving either of these symptoms, despite their clinical significance. The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin has multiple prosocial effects when administered intranasally to healthy individuals and shows promise in decreasing negative symptoms and enhancing social cognition in schizophrenia. Although two small studies have investigated oxytocin's effects on ratings of facial trustworthiness in schizophrenia, its effects on facial expressivity have not been investigated in any population. METHOD We investigated the effects of oxytocin on facial emotional expressivity while participants performed a facial trustworthiness rating task in 33 individuals with schizophrenia and 35 age-matched healthy controls using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design. Participants rated the trustworthiness of presented faces interspersed with emotionally evocative photographs while being video-recorded. Participants' facial expressivity in these videos was quantified by blind raters using a well-validated manualized approach (i.e. the Facial Expression Coding System; FACES). RESULTS While oxytocin administration did not affect ratings of facial trustworthiness, it significantly increased facial expressivity in individuals with schizophrenia (Z = -2.33, p = 0.02) and at trend level in healthy controls (Z = -1.87, p = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that oxytocin administration can increase facial expressivity in response to emotional stimuli and suggest that oxytocin may have the potential to serve as a treatment for blunted facial affect in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Woolley
- Department of Psychiatry,San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,San Francisco,CA,USA
| | - B Chuang
- Department of Psychiatry,San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,San Francisco,CA,USA
| | - C Fussell
- Department of Psychiatry,San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,San Francisco,CA,USA
| | - S Scherer
- Institute for Creative Technologies,University of Southern California,Los Angeles,CA,USA
| | - B Biagianti
- Department of Psychiatry,University of California San Francisco,San Francisco,CA,USA
| | - D Fulford
- Departments of Occupational Therapy and Psychological & Brain Sciences,Boston University,Boston,MA,USA
| | - D H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry,San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,San Francisco,CA,USA
| | - S Vinogradov
- Department of Psychiatry,San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center,San Francisco,CA,USA
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Greco FA, Deutsch CK. Carl Gustav Jung and the psychobiology of schizophrenia. Brain 2016; 140:e1. [PMID: 28031224 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frank A Greco
- 1 Research Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Bedford MA 01730, USA
| | - Curtis K Deutsch
- 2 Psychobiology Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center UMMS, Worcester MA 01655, USA .,3 Research Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Bedford MA 01730, USA
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Okruszek Ł, Wichniak A, Jarkiewicz M, Schudy A, Gola M, Jednoróg K, Marchewka A, Łojek E. Social and nonsocial affective processing in schizophrenia - An ERP study. Int J Psychophysiol 2016; 107:54-62. [PMID: 27327377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite social cognitive dysfunction that may be observed in patients with schizophrenia, the knowledge about social and nonsocial affective processing in schizophrenia is scant. The aim of this study was to examine neurophysiological and behavioural responses to neutral and negative stimuli with (faces, people) and without (animals, objects) social content in schizophrenia. METHODS Twenty-six patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and 21 healthy controls (HC) completed a visual oddball paradigm with either negative or neutral pictures from the Nencki Affective Picture System (NAPS) as targets while EEG was recorded. Half of the stimuli within each category presented social content (faces, people). RESULTS Negative stimuli with social content produced lower N2 amplitude and higher mean LPP than any other type of stimuli in both groups. Despite differences in behavioural ratings and alterations in ERP processing of affective stimuli (lack of EPN differentiation, decreased P3 to neutral stimuli) SCZ were still able to respond to specific categories of stimuli similarly to HC. CONCLUSIONS The pattern of results suggests that with no additional emotion-related task demands patients with schizophrenia may present similar attentional engagement with negative social stimuli as healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ł Okruszek
- Department of Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - A Wichniak
- Third Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Jarkiewicz
- Third Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Schudy
- Department of Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Gola
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computations, University of California, San Diego, United States; Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Jednoróg
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Marchewka
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E Łojek
- Department of Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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