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Lee CS, Chu SH, Dunne J, Spintzyk E, Locatelli G, Babicheva V, Lam L, Julio K, Chen S, Jurgens CY. Body listening in the link between symptoms and self-care management in cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional correlational descriptive study. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 156:104809. [PMID: 38788262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to quantify relationships among symptoms, interoceptive sensibility (i.e. the conscious level of sensing, interpreting and integrating signals from the body), and self-care management behaviors (i.e. the response to symptoms when they occur) among adults with cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that better interoceptive sensibility would increase the positive behavior-driving effects of symptoms on self-care management. METHODS Adult patients with cardiovascular disease who experienced recent symptoms were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional correlational descriptive study. Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System measures were used to capture dyspnea, pain interference, fatigue, sleep disturbances, nausea and vomiting, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Interoceptive sensibility was measured using the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness Version 2. The Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory was used to measure self-care management. Network analysis was used to identify domains of interoceptive sensibility that were most central. Linear regression with interaction terms was used to test the moderating effect of interoceptive sensibility on the relationship between symptoms and self-care management. RESULTS The age of participants in the sample (n = 387) ranged from 18 to 88 years, a slight majority (53.5 %) were female, and a majority were Caucasian (66.4 %) or African American (32.0 %). Hypertension was the most common disorder (n = 238 (61.5 %)), followed by rhythm disorders (n = 124 (32.0 %)), coronary artery disease (n = 94 (24.3 %)), heart failure (n = 89 (23.0 %)), valve disease (n = 69 (17.8 %)), stroke (n = 62 (16.0 %)) and peripheral vascular disease (n = 49 (12.7 %)). Based on network analysis, body listening (i.e. active listening to the body for insights) was the most central interoceptive domain, and distracting (i.e. tendency to ignore or distract oneself from sensations of discomfort) was the least central. Noticing (i.e. greater awareness of body sensations), distracting, and body listening were significant in moderating relationships between dyspnea, sleep disturbances and anxiety and the outcome of self-care management behaviors (all p < 0.001). Better noticing and body listening were associated with better self-care management across symptoms, whereas ignoring or distracting oneself from discomfort was associated with worse self-care management behaviors. CONCLUSION Among adults with cardiovascular disease, interventions designed to augment the identified interoceptive sensibility domains like body listening, and mitigate the tendency to ignore or distract oneself from discomfort may support adults with cardiovascular disease through the development of future interventions that optimize patient behaviors in response to symptoms when they occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Lee
- Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
| | - Sang Hui Chu
- Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Julie Dunne
- Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Elise Spintzyk
- Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Louisa Lam
- Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kelly Julio
- Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Summer Chen
- Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Corrine Y Jurgens
- Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
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Bitar Z, Fekih Romdhane F, Rogoza R, Ghorab HM, Obeid S, Hallit S. Psychometric properties of the short form of the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory in the Arabic language. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:2702-2713. [PMID: 37820713 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2267483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Interests in including mindfulness techniques in medical and psychological fields have been increasing recently. Accordingly, it is important to validate the short form of the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI-14) to help professionals living in Arabic speaking countries. Thus, we aimed to validate the FMI-14 in the Arabic language (FMI-Ar) in Arabic-speaking university students from Lebanon. We carried-out a cross-sectional study between July and September 2021; 363 university students (mean age 22.65 ± 3.48 years, 61.7% females) were enrolled. The McDonald's omega and Cronbach's alpha values for the total score were excellent (0.92 for both). Confirmatory factor analysis of the one-factor model of the FMI-Ar showed satisfactory fit indices: χ2/df = 218.33/77 = 2.83, RMSEA = 0.071 [0.060-0.082], CFI = 0.92, and TLI = 0.90. Additionally, the FMI score was negatively associated with depression (r = -0.51; p = 0.001) and anxiety (r = -0.48; p < 0.001). All hypotheses (factor, convergent, and divergent validity) related to the FMI-Ar were verified in our study. Therefore, professionals can now benefit from the FMI-Ar, a suitable scale to measure mindfulness among Lebanese University students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Bitar
- Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Feten Fekih Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Radoslaw Rogoza
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Psychology, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Hossam M Ghorab
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Eng GK, De Nadai AS, Collins KA, Recchia N, Tobe RH, Bragdon LB, Stern ER. Identifying subgroups of urge suppression in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder using machine learning. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 177:129-139. [PMID: 39004004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is phenomenologically heterogeneous. While predominant models suggest fear and harm prevention drive compulsions, many patients also experience uncomfortable sensory-based urges ("sensory phenomena") that may be associated with heightened interoceptive sensitivity. Using an urge-to-blink eyeblink suppression paradigm to model sensory-based urges, we previously found that OCD patients as a group had more eyeblink suppression failures and greater activation of sensorimotor-interoceptive regions than controls. However, conventional approaches assuming OCD homogeneity may obscure important within-group variability, impeding precision treatment development. This study investigated the heterogeneity of urge suppression failure in OCD and examined relationships with clinical characteristics and neural activation. Eighty-two patients with OCD and 38 controls underwent an fMRI task presenting 60-s blocks of eyeblink suppression alternating with free-blinking blocks. Latent profile analysis identified OCD subgroups based on number of erroneous blinks during suppression. Subgroups were compared on behavior, clinical characteristics, and brain activation during task. Three patient subgroups were identified. Despite similar overall OCD severity, the subgroup with the most erroneous eyeblinks had the highest sensory phenomena severity, interoceptive sensitivity, and subjective urge intensity. Compared to other subgroups, this subgroup exhibited more neural activity in somatosensory and interoceptive regions during the early phase (first 30 s) of blink suppression and reduced activity in the middle frontal gyrus during the late phase (second 30 s) as the suppression period elapsed. Heterogeneity of urge suppression in OCD was associated with clinical characteristics and brain function. Our results reveal potential treatment targets that could inform personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goi Khia Eng
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, 10016, USA; Clinical Research Division, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, New York, 10962, USA.
| | - Alessandro S De Nadai
- Simches Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Katherine A Collins
- Clinical Research Division, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, New York, 10962, USA
| | - Nicolette Recchia
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, 10016, USA; Clinical Research Division, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, New York, 10962, USA
| | - Russell H Tobe
- Clinical Research Division, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, New York, 10962, USA; Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, 10022, USA
| | - Laura B Bragdon
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, 10016, USA; Clinical Research Division, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, New York, 10962, USA
| | - Emily R Stern
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, 10016, USA; Clinical Research Division, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, New York, 10962, USA; Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, 10016, USA
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Goral O, Wald IY, Maimon A, Snir A, Golland Y, Goral A, Amedi A. Enhancing interoceptive sensibility through exteroceptive-interoceptive sensory substitution. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14855. [PMID: 38937475 PMCID: PMC11211335 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Exploring a novel approach to mental health technology, this study illuminates the intricate interplay between exteroception (the perception of the external world), and interoception (the perception of the internal world). Drawing on principles of sensory substitution, we investigated how interoceptive signals, particularly respiration, could be conveyed through exteroceptive modalities, namely vision and hearing. To this end, we developed a unique, immersive multisensory environment that translates respiratory signals in real-time into dynamic visual and auditory stimuli. The system was evaluated by employing a battery of various psychological assessments, with the findings indicating a significant increase in participants' interoceptive sensibility and an enhancement of the state of flow, signifying immersive and positive engagement with the experience. Furthermore, a correlation between these two variables emerged, revealing a bidirectional enhancement between the state of flow and interoceptive sensibility. Our research is the first to present a sensory substitution approach for substituting between interoceptive and exteroceptive senses, and specifically as a transformative method for mental health interventions, paving the way for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oran Goral
- Baruch Ivcher Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Technology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Iddo Yehoshua Wald
- Baruch Ivcher Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Technology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
- Digital Media Lab, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Amber Maimon
- Baruch Ivcher Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Technology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
- Computational Psychiatry and Neurotechnology Lab, Ben Gurion University, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Adi Snir
- Baruch Ivcher Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Technology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Yulia Golland
- Sagol Center for Brain and Mind, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Aviva Goral
- Baruch Ivcher Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Technology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Amir Amedi
- Baruch Ivcher Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Technology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel.
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Tang SYQ, Chung KC. Mindfulness Practice for Surgeons. Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 153:1203-1207. [PMID: 38810154 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000011272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Y Q Tang
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School
| | - Kevin C Chung
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School
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Diamond DM, Rosenfield D, Kaiser N, Baker AW, Hoge EA, Khalsa SBS, Hofmann SG, Simon NM. Changes in mindfulness facets across yoga, CBT and stress education in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder. JOURNAL OF MOOD AND ANXIETY DISORDERS 2024; 6:100058. [PMID: 39086907 PMCID: PMC11290459 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Improving mindfulness is an important treatment target for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). However, less is known about how different treatments impact specific aspects of mindfulness. In a clinical trial (Simon et al., 2021), 226 individuals with GAD were randomized to 12 weeks of Kundalini Yoga (KY), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or stress education (SE). To examine whether specific facets of mindfulness, as measured by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) change more than others across treatment and between treatments, we ran a multi-variate multilevel growth curve model (MMLM). Results indicated that while the Non-judge, Act with Awareness, and Non-react facets increased significantly during treatment, the Observe and Describe facets did not. Improvement in the Acting with Awareness facet during treatment was significantly greater for KY than CBT. These findings reveal the need to better understand how behavioral treatments can influence specific components of mindfulness for those with anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Moskow Diamond
- Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders, Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital, 1 Bowdoin Square, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - David Rosenfield
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, PO Box 750442, Dallas, TX 75275, USA
| | - Nikki Kaiser
- Anxiety, Stress & Prolonged Grief Program, New York University Langone, 1 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Amanda W. Baker
- Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders, Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital, 1 Bowdoin Square, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Hoge
- Anxiety Disorders Research Program, Georgetown University Medical Center, 2115 Wisconsin Ave, NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Sat Bir S. Khalsa
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stefan G. Hofmann
- Department of Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Schulstrasse 12, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Naomi M. Simon
- Anxiety, Stress & Prolonged Grief Program, New York University Langone, 1 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Kumar MA, G S. Effectiveness of Interoceptive Programs to Improve Academic Self-Regulation and Reduce Behavioral Problems Among Children With Learning Disabilities. Cureus 2024; 16:e61816. [PMID: 38975505 PMCID: PMC11227290 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Learning disabilities occur in very young children, yet they are usually not noticed until the child reaches school age. These issues can affect the child's ability to perform activities of daily living and their ability to learn including academic activities. Occupational therapy can assist with improving their ability to learn which will also help their performance at school. Aims and objectives The present study was designed to investigate the impact of interoceptive programs on improving academic self-regulation and reducing behavioral problems among children with learning disabilities. The objectives of the study were to determine a learning disability through the use of the Learning Disability Checklist. The Academic Self-Regulation Questionnaire for Learning Disability (SRQ-A LD) was used to assess the degree of academic self-regulation, while the Behavior Rating Inventory for Executive Functioning-2 (BRIEF-2) was used to assess the degree of behavioral problems. The primary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of interoceptive programs to enhance academic self-regulation and lessen behavioral issues in the experimental group, as well as to find out the impact of conventional occupational therapy for children with learning disabilities in the control group. Methodology This was a quasi-experimental design with convenience sampling and selected samples (n=50), which were then split into two groups, an experimental group (n=25) and a control group (n=25), based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The experimental group received intervention based on interoception activities, while the control group received conventional occupational therapy. A pre-test and post-test were conducted to measure the changes. The study assessed 50 children in the range of 7 to 11 years, using an initial Madras Dyslexia Association Checklist. Academic self-regulation was assessed using SRQ-A LD. Behaviors were assessed using BRIEF-2. The duration of the study was six months, three sessions per week, lasting 45 minutes to an hour each. The statistical analysis was done with significance at a 1% alpha level using IBM SPSS version 29.0 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp). Results The pre-test and post-test data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann-Whitney test. The study found that the interoceptive program had an impact on academic self-regulation and behavioral problems among children with learning disabilities. The p-value of academic self-regulation was <0.001, and the p-value of the behavior rating inventory was <0.001, the alternate hypothesis was accepted. Thus, the results showed significant improvement in academic self-regulation and behavioral problems in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion The results of the study showed that the Interoceptive program helped children with learning disabilities improve their academic self-regulation and have fewer behavioral issues. Interoception can positively regulate their behavior. For this reason, the primary therapeutic approach for children with learning disabilities can be the implementation of Interoceptive activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arun Kumar
- Occupational Therapy, Saveetha College of Occupational Therapy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Swathi G
- Occupational Therapy, Saveetha College of Occupational Therapy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Molteni L, Gosling CJ, Fagan HA, Hyde J, Benatti B, Dell'Osso B, Cortese S, Baldwin DS, Huneke NTM. Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on symptoms and interoception in trauma-related disorders and exposure to traumatic events: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2024; 336:115897. [PMID: 38636333 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Interoception is defined as the sense of the internal state of the body. Dysfunctions in interoception are found in several mental disorders, including trauma-related conditions. Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) have been shown to influence interoceptive processes. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated whether MBIs impact symptoms and interoception in patients with trauma-related disorders. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize these data. We included RCTs with an MBI arm which enrolled adult patients with trauma related-disorders or exposure to a traumatic experience, and addressed changes in interoception and trauma-related symptoms. A random-effects multivariate meta-analytic model was performed to quantify group differences in score change from baseline to follow-up. Twelve studies were included in the systematic review, and eleven in the meta-analysis. Overall, MBIs showed small to moderate positive effects on both interoception and symptoms. Despite a high heterogeneity in results, sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings. We conclude that the efficacy of MBIs on trauma-related symptoms and interoception is supported by randomised evidence. However, further research is needed to understand whether changes in interoception might underpin the effectiveness of MBIs in trauma-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Molteni
- University Department of Psychiatry, Academic Centre, College Keep, University of Southampton, UK; Southern Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - C J Gosling
- Center for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Université Paris Nanterre, DysCo Lab, Nanterre F-92000, France; Université de Paris, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Boulogne-Billancourt F-92100, France
| | - H A Fagan
- University Department of Psychiatry, Academic Centre, College Keep, University of Southampton, UK; Southern Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - J Hyde
- Center for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - B Benatti
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy; Aldo Ravelli" Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, Milan 20142, Italy
| | - B Dell'Osso
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy; Aldo Ravelli" Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, Milan 20142, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Bipolar Disorders Clinic, Stanford Medical School, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - S Cortese
- Center for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Solent National Health Service Trust, Southampton, UK; Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York City, New York, USA; DiMePRe-J-Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine-Jonic Area, University "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - D S Baldwin
- University Department of Psychiatry, Academic Centre, College Keep, University of Southampton, UK; Southern Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; University Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - N T M Huneke
- University Department of Psychiatry, Academic Centre, College Keep, University of Southampton, UK; Southern Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
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Liu YY, Lu HB, Li YJ, Wang ZY, Liu YH, Qiao S, Xie J. Effects of mindful breathing training combined with diary-based rehabilitation guidance in lung cancer patients undergoing surgery: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2024; 55:101849. [PMID: 38522328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Lung cancer surgery patients experience severe physical and mental symptoms, which seriously affect their quality of life and prognosis. Mindful breathing training is a promising strategy to improve their symptoms, but its effectiveness is affected by training compliance, and diary-based rehabilitation instruction has been shown to help improve training compliance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mindful breathing training combined with diary-based rehabilitation guidance on improving perioperative outcomes in lung cancer surgery patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This single-center, assessor-blinded, prospective, three-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted from November 1, 2021 to November 1, 2022. Patients diagnosed with primary non-small cell lung cancer and scheduled for thoracoscopic surgery were randomly allocated to the combined intervention group, the mindful breathing group or the control group, with 34 patients in each group. The control group received routine care, while the mindful breathing group received mindful breathing training and routine care. The combined intervention group received both mindful breathing training and diary-based rehabilitation guidance, along with routine care. RESULTS The per-protocol analysis revealed that patients in the mindful breathing group experienced statistically significant improvements in dyspnea, fatigue and anxiety. Patients in the combined intervention group had statistically significant improvements in dyspnea, fatigue, anxiety, depression, exercise self-efficacy and training compliance. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that mindful breathing training combined with diary-based rehabilitation guidance can be effective in improving perioperative outcomes in lung cancer patients. It can be applied in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Liu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China.
| | - Han-Bing Lu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China.
| | - Ya-Jie Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China.
| | - Zi-Yu Wang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China.
| | - Yu-Han Liu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China.
| | - Shuai Qiao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China.
| | - Jiao Xie
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China.
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Matiz A, Fabbro F, Crescentini C. Mindfulness Through Storytelling for Mental Health of Primary School Children: Impact on Acceptability and Its Associations with Personality. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:1757-1774. [PMID: 38686324 PMCID: PMC11057635 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s441494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Acceptability of mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) in primary school settings seems to represent a critical factor influencing the intervention effects on children's mental health. This study aims at assessing the acceptability of an MBP delivered through the technique of storytelling, as well as identifying which participants' personality characteristics can influence it. Participants and Methods Italian children in grades 3-to-5 (n = 147, 47.6% girls) participated in a 24-session MBP, which included 225 minutes of formal mindfulness practices and was delivered by the pupils' school teachers. Children's personality traits were assessed with the junior Temperament and Character Inventory (jTCI), while their subjective experiences and acceptability of the program were investigated using a survey containing open-ended and closed-ended questions. Results Program acceptability was 2.9 ± 0.7 on a 0-4 scale. Higher jTCI scores of persistence, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence were related to higher ratings in liking the program, finding it useful and engaging themselves in it. Moreover, 57.8% of the children generalized the mindfulness practices in daily life and 93.9% of them declared they would recommend the program to their friends/parents. Five main themes emerged from children's answers on what they learned: "help for difficulties (emotional, mental, and physical)", "calm, relax, tranquility", "resilience, positiveness, personal growth", "self-exploration, interoception", and "attention, concentration, and here-and-now". Conclusion Program acceptability was generally higher than in similar programs in the literature, and children reported personal gains in various areas related to psychological well-being. The study also suggests which children's personality traits should be considered when proposing an MBP in order to improve its acceptability and utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Matiz
- Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Fabbro
- Institute of Mechanical Intelligence, School of Advanced Studies Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristiano Crescentini
- Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Institute of Mechanical Intelligence, School of Advanced Studies Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
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Armstrong M, Castellanos J, Christie D. Chronic pain as an emergent property of a complex system and the potential roles of psychedelic therapies. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2024; 5:1346053. [PMID: 38706873 PMCID: PMC11066302 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2024.1346053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite research advances and urgent calls by national and global health organizations, clinical outcomes for millions of people suffering with chronic pain remain poor. We suggest bringing the lens of complexity science to this problem, conceptualizing chronic pain as an emergent property of a complex biopsychosocial system. We frame pain-related physiology, neuroscience, developmental psychology, learning, and epigenetics as components and mini-systems that interact together and with changing socioenvironmental conditions, as an overarching complex system that gives rise to the emergent phenomenon of chronic pain. We postulate that the behavior of complex systems may help to explain persistence of chronic pain despite current treatments. From this perspective, chronic pain may benefit from therapies that can be both disruptive and adaptive at higher orders within the complex system. We explore psychedelic-assisted therapies and how these may overlap with and complement mindfulness-based approaches to this end. Both mindfulness and psychedelic therapies have been shown to have transdiagnostic value, due in part to disruptive effects on rigid cognitive, emotional, and behavioral patterns as well their ability to promote neuroplasticity. Psychedelic therapies may hold unique promise for the management of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Armstrong
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Joel Castellanos
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Devon Christie
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Zaccaro A, della Penna F, Mussini E, Parrotta E, Perrucci MG, Costantini M, Ferri F. Attention to cardiac sensations enhances the heartbeat-evoked potential during exhalation. iScience 2024; 27:109586. [PMID: 38623333 PMCID: PMC11016802 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiration and cardiac activity intricately interact through complex physiological mechanisms. The heartbeat-evoked potential (HEP) is an EEG fluctuation reflecting the cortical processing of cardiac signals. We recently found higher HEP amplitude during exhalation than inhalation during a task involving attention to cardiac sensations. This may have been due to reduced cardiac perception during inhalation and heightened perception during exhalation through attentional mechanisms. To investigate relationships between HEP, attention, and respiration, we introduced an experimental setup that included tasks related to cardiac and respiratory interoceptive and exteroceptive attention. Results revealed HEP amplitude increases during the interoceptive tasks over fronto-central electrodes. When respiratory phases were taken into account, HEP increases were primarily driven by heartbeats recorded during exhalation, specifically during the cardiac interoceptive task, while inhalation had minimal impact. These findings emphasize the role of respiration in cardiac interoceptive attention and could have implications for respiratory interventions to fine-tune cardiac interoception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zaccaro
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca della Penna
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Elena Mussini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Eleonora Parrotta
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mauro Gianni Perrucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, ITAB, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marcello Costantini
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, ITAB, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferri
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, ITAB, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Chiarella SG, De Pastina R, Raffone A, Simione L. Mindfulness Affects the Boundaries of Bodily Self-Representation: The Effect of Focused-Attention Meditation in Fading the Boundary of Peripersonal Space. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:306. [PMID: 38667102 PMCID: PMC11047477 DOI: 10.3390/bs14040306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripersonal space (PPS) is a dynamic multisensory representation of the space around the body, influenced by internal and external sensory information. The malleability of PPS boundaries, as evidenced by their expansion after tool use or modulation through social interactions, positions PPS as a crucial element in understanding the subjective experiences of self and otherness. Building on the existing literature highlighting both the cognitive and bodily effects of mindfulness meditation, this study proposes a novel approach by employing focused-attention meditation (FAM) and a multisensory audio-tactile task to assess PPS in both the extension and sharpness of its boundaries. The research hypothesis posits that FAM, which emphasizes heightened attention to bodily sensations and interoception, may reduce the extension of PPS and make its boundaries less sharp. We enrolled 26 non-meditators who underwent a repeated measure design in which they completed the PPS task before and after a 15-min FAM induction. We found a significant reduction in the sharpness of PPS boundaries but no significant reduction in PPS extension. These results provide novel insights into the immediate effects of FAM on PPS, potentially shedding light on the modulation of self-other representations in both cognitive and bodily domains. Indeed, our findings could have implications for understanding the intricate relationship between mindfulness practices and the subjective experience of self within spatial contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Gaetano Chiarella
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC), National Research Council (CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo De Pastina
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.D.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Antonino Raffone
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.D.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Luca Simione
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC), National Research Council (CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche e Sociali Internazionali, UNINT, Università degli Studi Internazionali di Roma, 00147 Rome, Italy
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14
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Ribeiro da Silva D, Blujus Dos Santos Rohde C, Tavares H. Tai Chi Chuan evidence related to impulsivity and impulse related disorders: A scoping review. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 38:583-592. [PMID: 38763612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to review the evidence for the potential of Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) as a model of meditative movement in benefiting people with impulsivity related disorders and provide guidance for future research. METHODS A scoping review of the literature was conducted in five databases. Eligibility criteria were original articles reporting TCC based interventions or included TCC techniques and provided any assessment on impulsivity or related measures, impulse control disorders, or other psychiatric disorders related to impulsivity (e.g., addictive disorders, ADHD, and other conduct disorders). Twenty-eight out of 304 studies initially retrieved were reviewed. The reports concentrated mostly on neurodegenerative conditions, cognitive decline, and substance use disorders (SUD). RESULTS TCC had several positive effects in cognitive domains resulting in improvements in memory, executive functions, inhibitory control, attention, and verbal fluency. These improvements in memory, executive function, including inhibitory control and attention, and verbal fluency were associated with changes in the brain plasticity, resting activity, and other neurobiological markers. CONCLUSION Albeit no study was found on the use of TCC in impulse control disorders or impulse related conditions, other than SUD, the findings suggest that considering the behavioral impact of TCC, especially the improvement of executive functions, it could be a valuable therapeutic tool for approaching impulse control related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djanira Ribeiro da Silva
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, R. André de Bom Furlanes, 252. Sorocaba, Sao Paulo, SP, 18057-030, Brazil.
| | - Ciro Blujus Dos Santos Rohde
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785 - Cerqueira César, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-903, Brazil
| | - Hermano Tavares
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785 - Cerqueira César, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-903, Brazil
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15
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Zarka D, Cevallos C, Ruiz P, Petieau M, Cebolla AM, Bengoetxea A, Cheron G. Electroencephalography microstates highlight specific mindfulness traits. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1753-1769. [PMID: 38221503 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the spontaneous dynamics of large-scale brain networks underlying mindfulness as a dispositional trait, through resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) microstates analysis. Eighteen participants had attended a standardized mindfulness-based stress reduction training (MBSR), and 18 matched waitlist individuals (CTRL) were recorded at rest while they were passively exposed to auditory stimuli. Participants' mindfulness traits were assessed with the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). To further explore the relationship between microstate dynamics at rest and mindfulness traits, participants were also asked to rate their experience according to five phenomenal dimensions. After training, MBSR participants showed a highly significant increase in FFMQ score, as well as higher observing and non-reactivity FFMQ sub-scores than CTRL participants. Microstate analysis revealed four classes of microstates (A-D) in global clustering across all subjects. The MBSR group showed lower duration, occurrence and coverage of microstate C than the control group. Moreover, these microstate C parameters were negatively correlated to non-reactivity sub-scores of FFMQ across participants, whereas the microstate A occurrence was negatively correlated to FFMQ total score. Further analysis of participants' self-reports suggested that MBSR participants showed a better sensory-affective integration of auditory interferences. In line with previous studies, our results suggest that temporal dynamics of microstate C underlie specifically the non-reactivity trait of mindfulness. These findings encourage further research into microstates in the evaluation and monitoring of the impact of mindfulness-based interventions on the mental health and well-being of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zarka
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Research Unit in Sciences of Osteopathy, Faculty of Human Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Research Unit in Sciences of Osteopathy, Faculty of Human Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Cevallos
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Research Unit in Sciences of Osteopathy, Faculty of Human Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
| | - P Ruiz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
| | - M Petieau
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Research Unit in Sciences of Osteopathy, Faculty of Human Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A M Cebolla
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Research Unit in Sciences of Osteopathy, Faculty of Human Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Bengoetxea
- Research Unit in Sciences of Osteopathy, Faculty of Human Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Athenea Neuroclinics, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - G Cheron
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Research Unit in Sciences of Osteopathy, Faculty of Human Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
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16
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Rogowska AM, Tataruch R. The relationship between mindfulness and athletes' mental skills may be explained by emotion regulation and self-regulation. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:68. [PMID: 38504372 PMCID: PMC10949773 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00863-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although numerous psychological determinants of sports success have been identified in the scientific literature, research on the contribution of mindfulness and interoceptive awareness to sports achievements remains limited. This study investigates the relationship between self-reported mental skills determining sports success (i.e., flow state, attention, technique, sensitivity to error, commitment, and achievement), state mindfulness for physical activity (of the mind and the body), and interoceptive awareness (including scales of noticing, not distracting, not worrying, attention regulation, emotional awareness, self-regulation, body listening, and trusting). METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was conducted on a sample of elite athletes in speed skating (n = 54) and university students of physical education (n = 102) representing various sports disciplines and competitive levels. The Sports Success Scale (SSS), the State Mindfulness Scale for Physical Activity (SMS-PA), and the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA-2) were used to assess psychological determinants of athletic achievements, state mindfulness, and interoceptive sensitivity, respectively. RESULTS Our findings indicate some small-to-moderate differences in particular dimensions of psychological traits related to sports success, mindfulness, and interoceptive awareness between athletes of different genders, groups, and competitive levels. A chain mediation model showed that the relationship between body mindfulness and psychological variables determining sports success is fully explained by two dimensions of interoception: self-regulation and attention regulation. CONCLUSIONS Cultivating the mindfulness state of the body can improve self-regulation and attention regulation, which in turn may increase the mental skills required for successful sports participation. Therefore, mental training should focus primarily on body mindfulness, attention regulation, and self-regulation to improve the mental skills responsible for athletes' sports achievements. In addition, individual differences in athletes' gender, sports discipline, and level of sports competition should be considered during mental training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Rogowska
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Social Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland.
| | - Rafał Tataruch
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
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17
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Lee SJ, Lee M, Kim HB, Huh HJ. The Relationship Between Interoceptive Awareness, Emotion Regulation and Clinical Symptoms Severity of Depression, Anxiety and Somatization. Psychiatry Investig 2024; 21:255-264. [PMID: 38569583 PMCID: PMC10990629 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to examine the associations among emotion regulation strategies, interoceptive awareness, and psychological distress measures-namely, depression, anxiety, and somatization. Additionally, we aimed to explore the predictive power of various facets of interoceptive awareness in determining the severity of symptoms for each mental disorder. METHODS A cohort of 130 outpatients diagnosed with depression/anxiety disorder were recruited, and 20 subjects exhibiting incomplete responses were excluded from the dataset, leading to a final sample size of 110 outpatients. The clinical symptoms were measured by Patient Health Questionnaire-9, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y, and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised, and the usage of emotion-regulation strategies and interoceptive awareness was assessed with Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), respectively. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to examine whether emotion-regulation strategies and interoceptive awareness explain the statistically significant variance in each of the symptoms. RESULTS In the depression model, cognitive reappraisal, accept, and attention regulation showed significant associations, while in the anxiety model, cognitive reappraisal, attention regulation, trust, and notice emerged as significant factors. Lastly, cognitive reappraisal and attention regulation were found to be significant contributors to the final model for somatization. CONCLUSION The inclusion of MAIA subscales improved the predictive ability of the regression model, highlighting the independent association between interoceptive awareness-particularly attention regulation-and clinical symptoms of anxiety and depression. Additionally, the study underscores the relevance of considering the specific pathological context when implementing interventions, as evidenced by the positive associations between the accept subscale and depression and between the notice subscale and anxiety, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Lee
- Department of Psychology, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mimi Lee
- Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Beom Kim
- Department of Social Welfare, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyu Jung Huh
- Department of Psychiatry, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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18
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Gibson J. Trauma, early life stress, and mindfulness in adulthood. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:71. [PMID: 38355582 PMCID: PMC10865675 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01563-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This article is a review that was inspired by recent studies investigating the effects of childhood trauma or early life stress (ELS) and mindfulness in adulthood. One recent study found that some forms of abuse and neglect led to higher scores in several subscales of a self-report measure of mindfulness. The authors concluded that some forms of ELS can help cultivate certain aspects of mindfulness in adulthood. However, and in contrast to this recent finding, much of the extant literature investigating ELS and trauma are linked to emotional dysregulation, alexithymia, and a host of psychopathologies in adulthood which makes the results of this study surprising. Central to the mindfulness literature is cultivating an open, non-reactive, or non-judgment awareness of inner experiences which are important for emotional regulation. In this paper, I review some of the effects of trauma or ELS on critical neural circuits linked to mindfulness, interoception, attachment, and alexithymia which I hope may clarify some of the conflicting findings from this study and throughout the literature and provide additional context and a framework that may inform research investigating these two constructs going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Gibson
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 E St. Joseph Street, Rapid City, SD, 57701, United States of America.
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19
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Francis SEB, Shawyer F, Cayoun BA, Grabovac A, Meadows G. Differentiating mindfulness-integrated cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy clinically: the why, how, and what of evidence-based practice. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1342592. [PMID: 38384351 PMCID: PMC10880191 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1342592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
It is important to be able to differentiate mindfulness-based programs in terms of their model, therapeutic elements, and supporting evidence. This article compares mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), developed for relapse prevention in depression, and mindfulness-integrated cognitive behavior therapy (MiCBT), developed for transdiagnostic applications, on: (1) origins, context and theoretical rationale (why), (2) program structure, practice and, professional training (how), and (3) evidence (what). While both approaches incorporate behavior change methods, MBCT encourages behavioral activation, whereas MiCBT includes various exposure procedures to reduce avoidance, including a protocol to practice equanimity during problematic interpersonal interactions, and a compassion training to prevent relapse. MBCT has a substantial research base, including multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses. It is an endorsed preventative treatment for depressive relapse in several clinical guidelines, but its single disorder approach might be regarded as a limitation in many health service settings. MiCBT has a promising evidence base and potential to make a valuable contribution to psychological treatment through its transdiagnostic applicability but has not yet been considered in clinical guidelines. While greater attention to later stage dissemination and implementation research is recommended for MBCT, more high quality RCTs and systematic reviews are needed to develop the evidence base for MiCBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. B. Francis
- Southern Synergy, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Frances Shawyer
- Southern Synergy, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruno A. Cayoun
- Mindfulness-integrated Cognitive Behavior Therapy Institute, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Andrea Grabovac
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Graham Meadows
- Southern Synergy, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Mental Health Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Le Roy B, Martin-Krumm C, Poupon C, Richieri R, Malbos E, Barthélémy F, Guedj E, Trousselard M. Virtual Exercise in Medicine: A Proof of Concept in a Healthy Population. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e45637. [PMID: 38252484 PMCID: PMC10845022 DOI: 10.2196/45637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Science is beginning to establish the benefits of the use of virtual reality (VR) in health care. This therapeutic approach may be an appropriate complementary treatment for some mental illnesses. It could prevent high levels of morbidity and improve the physical health of patients. For many years, the literature has shown the health benefits of physical exercise. Physical exercise in a VR environment may improve the management of mild to moderate mental health conditions. In this context, we developed a virtual environment combined with an ergocycle (the augmented physical training for isolated and confined environments [APTICE] system). OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the impact of physical exercise in a VR environment. METHODS A total of 14 healthy participants (11 men and 3 women; mean age 43.28, SD 10.60 years) undertook 15 minutes of immersive physical exercise using the system. Measures included mindfulness and immersion disposition, subjective perceptions of sensory information, user experience, and VR experience (ie, psychological state, flow, and presence). RESULTS First, the APTICE system appears to be a useful tool because the user experience is positive (subscales in the AttrakDiff questionnaire: pragmatic quality=0.99; hedonic quality-stimulation=1.90; hedonic quality-identification=0.67; attractiveness=1.58). Second, the system can induce a positive psychological state (negative emotion, P=.06) and an experience of flow and presence (P values ranging from <.001 to .04). Third, individual immersive and mindful disposition plays a role in the VR experience (P values ranging from <.02 to .04). Finally, our findings suggest that there is a link between the subjective perception of sensory information and the VR experience (P values ranging from <.02 to .04). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the device is well accepted with positive psychological and exteroceptive outcomes. Overall, the APTICE system could be a proof of concept to explore the benefits of virtual physical exercise in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Le Roy
- Unité neurophysiologie du stress, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Adaptation, mesure et évaluation en santé. Approches interdisciplinaires, Metz, France
| | - Charles Martin-Krumm
- Unité neurophysiologie du stress, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Adaptation, mesure et évaluation en santé. Approches interdisciplinaires, Metz, France
- Vulnérabilité, capabilité, rétablissement, Unité religion, culture et société, Ecole des psychologues praticiens, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Poupon
- École nationale supérieure de création industrielle, Paris, France
| | - Raphaëlle Richieri
- Département psychiatrie, Hôpital de la Conception, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Malbos
- Département psychiatrie, Hôpital de la Conception, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Fanny Barthélémy
- Département de médecine nucléaire, Centre européen de recherche en imagerie médicale, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Guedj
- Département de médecine nucléaire, Centre européen de recherche en imagerie médicale, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Marion Trousselard
- Unité neurophysiologie du stress, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Adaptation, mesure et évaluation en santé. Approches interdisciplinaires, Metz, France
- Service de santé des armées, Paris, France
- Réseau ABC des Psychotraumas, Montpellier, France
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21
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Singh A, Sharma SK, Telles S, Balkrishna A. Traditional Nostril Yoga Breathing Practices and Oxygen Consumption: A Randomized, Cross-over Study. Int J Yoga 2024; 17:53-60. [PMID: 38899139 PMCID: PMC11185434 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_248_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional yoga texts describe "cross nostril breathing," with inhalation and exhalation through different nostrils. Previous research reported no clear differences in oxygen consumption during uninostril breathing (i.e., inhalation and exhalation through the same nostril), hence not supporting right and left uninostril breathing as activating or relaxing, respectively, with no research on oxygen consumed in "cross nostril breathing." Methods Oxygen consumed during "cross nostril breathing" was measured in healthy participants (n = 47, males, 26.3 ± 6.4 years). Five sessions (viz., right nostril inspiration yoga breathing [RNIYB], left nostril inspiration yoga breathing [LNIYB], alternate nostril yoga breathing [ANYB], breath awareness (BAW), and quiet rest (QR) were conducted on separate days in random order. Sessions were 33 min in duration with pre, during, and post states. Results Volume of oxygen consumed (VO2) and carbon dioxide eliminated (VCO2) increased during RNIYB (9.60% in VO2 and 23.52% in VCO2), LNIYB (9.42% in VO2 and 21.20% in VCO2) and ANYB (10.25% in VO2 and 22.72% in VCO2) with no significant change in BAW and QR. Diastolic blood pressure decreased during BAW and QR and after all five sessions (P < 0.05; in all cases). All comparisons were with the respective preceding state. Conclusion During the three yoga breathing practices, the volume of oxygen consumed increased irrespective of the nostril breathed through, possibly associated with (i) conscious regulation of the breath; (ii) attention directed to the breath, and (iii) "respiration-locked cortical activation." Restriction of the study to males reduces the generalizability of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Singh
- Department of Yoga, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Shirley Telles
- Department of Yoga, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Acharya Balkrishna
- Department of Yoga, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
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Ahmadyar K, Robinson E, Tapper K. The effect of a mindfulness-based body scan exercise on food intake during TV watching. Appetite 2024; 192:107131. [PMID: 37984598 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
In some studies mindfulness is associated with reduced food consumption, but the underlying mechanisms are less well researched. One potential mechanism is that mindfulness increases attention toward feelings of fullness. Additionally, experimental research on mindfulness and food intake has primarily been conducted in constrained laboratory settings, where it may be easier for participants to notice their internal bodily signals, as opposed to the real world where individuals are often engaged in other activities while eating. The effect of mindfulness on food intake while participants are distracted remains unexplored. This study therefore aimed to examine whether a mindfulness-based body scan exercise reduced food consumption within a distracted environment by increasing attention toward feelings of fullness. Participants (n = 137) listened to a 10-minute body scan meditation, or a 10-minute visualisation (control) meditation. They were then given a bowl of crisps to consume while watching a 10-minute TV show segment. Participants also completed measures assessing proposed mediators, including state mindfulness, attention to bodily sensations and eating automaticity. The body scan manipulation increased state mindfulness but had no direct effect on the other mediators or on food intake (intervention M = 34.79g, SD = 24.06; control M = 33.16g, SD = 23.88). State mindfulness was positively correlated with attention to bodily sensations while eating. Lower eating automaticity and greater reliance on decreased food appeal and physical satisfaction to stop eating were found to be associated with lower food intake. Contrary to previous studies, we found no evidence that a mindfulness body scan reduces food consumption when participants are distracted. Future research should examine the specific conditions under and mechanisms by which mindfulness may influence food consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaleda Ahmadyar
- City, University of London, Department of Psychology, Whiskin Street, London, EC1R 0JD, UK.
| | - Eric Robinson
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, Liverpool, L69 7ZA, UK
| | - Katy Tapper
- City, University of London, Department of Psychology, Whiskin Street, London, EC1R 0JD, UK
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Hu L, He H, Roberts N, Chen J, Yan G, Pu L, Song X, Luo C. Insular dysfunction of interoception in major depressive disorder: from the perspective of neuroimaging. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1273439. [PMID: 37840807 PMCID: PMC10568471 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1273439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interoception plays a crucial role in maintaining bodily homeostasis and promoting survival, and is considered the basis of human emotion, cognition, and self-formation. A malfunction of interoception is increasingly suggested to be a fundamental component of different mental health conditions, and depressive disorders have been especially closely associated. Interoceptive signaling and processing depends on a system called the "interoceptive pathway," with the insula, located in the deep part of the lateral fissure, being the most important brain structure in this pathway. Neuroimaging studies have revealed alterations in the structure and function of the insula in a large number of individuals with depression, yet the precise relationship between these alterations and interoceptive dysfunction remains unclear. The goal of this review is to examine the evidence that exists for dysfunction of interoception in people with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and to determine the associated specific alterations in the structure and function of the insula revealed by neuroimaging. Overall, three aspects of the potential relationship between interoceptive dysfunction and alterations in insular function in people with depression have been assessed, namely clinical symptoms, quantitative measures of interoceptive function and ability, and interoceptive modulation. To conclude, several specific limitations of the published studies and important lines of enquiry for future research are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Hu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui He
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Neil Roberts
- Centre for Reproductive Health (CRH), School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jiajia Chen
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Guojian Yan
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Pu
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Xufeng Song
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Millman LSM, Short E, Stanton B, Winston JS, Nicholson TR, Mehta MA, Reinders AATS, Edwards MJ, Goldstein LH, David AS, Hotopf M, Chalder T, Pick S. Interoception in functional motor symptoms and functional seizures: Preliminary evidence of intact accuracy alongside reduced insight and altered sensibility. Behav Res Ther 2023; 168:104379. [PMID: 37516011 PMCID: PMC10788481 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2023.104379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Altered interoception may be a pathophysiological mechanism in functional neurological disorder (FND). However, findings have been inconsistent across interoceptive dimensions in FND including functional motor symptoms (FMS) and seizures (FS). Here, individuals with FMS/FS (n = 17) and healthy controls (HC, n = 17) completed measures of interoceptive accuracy and insight (adapted heartbeat tracking task [HTT] with confidence ratings), a time estimation control task (TET) and the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness-2 (MAIA-2) to assess interoceptive sensibility. The groups did not differ in interoceptive accuracy (p = 1.00, g = 0.00) or confidence (p = .99, g = 0.004), although the FMS/FS group displayed lower scores on the "Not-Distracting" (p < .001, g = 1.42) and "Trusting" (p = .005, g = 1.17) MAIA-2 subscales, relative to HCs. The groups did not differ in TET performance (p = .82, g = 0.08). There was a positive relationship between HTT accuracy and confidence (insight) in HCs (r = .61, p = .016) but not in FMS/FS (r = 0.11, p = .69). HTT confidence was positively correlated with MAIA-2 "Self-Regulation" (r = 0.77, p = .002) and negatively correlated with FND symptom severity (r = -0.84, p < .001) and impact (r = -0.86, p < .001) in FMS/FS. Impaired interoceptive accuracy may not be a core feature in FMS/FS, but reduced insight and altered sensibility may be relevant. Reduced certainty in self-evaluations of bodily experiences may contribute to the pathogenesis of FND symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Merritt Millman
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Eleanor Short
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Biba Stanton
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Joel S Winston
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Timothy R Nicholson
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Mitul A Mehta
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Antje A T S Reinders
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Mark J Edwards
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Laura H Goldstein
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | | | - Matthew Hotopf
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Trudie Chalder
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Susannah Pick
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
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Tofighi B, Marini C, Lee JD, Garland EL. Patient Perceptions of Integrating Meditation-based Interventions in Office-based Opioid Treatment with Buprenorphine: A Mixed-methods Survey. J Addict Med 2023; 17:517-520. [PMID: 37788602 PMCID: PMC10533745 DOI: 10.1097/adm.0000000000001160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent findings support the provision of meditation-based interventions (MBIs) in primary care. However, the acceptability of MBI among patients prescribed medications for opioid use disorder (eg, buprenorphine) in primary care remains unclear. This study assessed experiences and preferences for adopting MBI among patients prescribed buprenorphine in office-based opioid treatment (OBOT). METHODS This 23-item, semistructured cross-sectional survey was administered by study staff to patients enrolled in OBOT (N = 72) and consisted of demographic and clinical characteristics, perceptions, experiences with MBI, and preferred strategies to access MBI to support their treatment on buprenorphine. RESULTS Most participants reported practicing at least 1 category of MBI (90.3%) on at least a daily (39.6%) or weekly (41.7%) basis including (1) spiritual meditation (eg, centering prayer; 67.7%); (2) nonmantra meditation (eg, comfortable posture; 61.3%); (3) mindfulness meditation (eg, mindfulness-based stress reduction; 54.8%); and (4) mantra meditation (eg, transcendental meditation; 29.0%). Interest in MBI was motivated by improving one's general health and well-being (73.4%), treatment outcomes with medications for OUD (eg, buprenorphine; 60.9%), and relationships with others (60.9%). Perceived clinical benefits of MBI included reduced anxiety or depression symptoms (70.3%), pain (62.5%), illicit substance or alcohol use (60.9%), cravings for illicit substances (57.8%), and opioid-related withdrawal symptoms (51.6%). CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study indicate high acceptability for adopting MBI among patients prescribed buprenorphine in OBOT. Further research is needed to assess the efficacy of MBI to improve clinical outcomes among patients initiating buprenorphine in OBOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Tofighi
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Population Health
- Bellevue Hospital Center Division of General Internal Medicine
- Center for Drug Use and HIV Research
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research
| | - Christina Marini
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Population Health
| | - Joshua D. Lee
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Population Health
- Bellevue Hospital Center Division of General Internal Medicine
- Center for Drug Use and HIV Research
| | - Eric L. Garland
- University of Utah, Center on Mindfulness and Integrative Health Intervention Development, College of Social Work
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Paley CA, Johnson MI. Perspective on salutogenic approaches to persistent pain with a focus on mindfulness interventions. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1188758. [PMID: 37706030 PMCID: PMC10495576 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1188758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, we provide a unique perspective on the use of mindfulness interventions in a whole health framework embedded within the theory of salutogenesis and the concept of painogenic environments. We argue that mindfulness is a valuable tool to bridge exploration of inner experiences of bodily pain with socio-ecological influences on thoughts and emotions. We outline research from neuroimaging studies that mindfulness techniques mediate neural processing and neuroplastic changes that alleviate pain and related symptoms. We also review evidence examining behavioural changes associated with mindfulness meditation providing evidence that it promotes self-regulatory activity, including the regulation and control of emotion and catalysation of health behaviour changes; both of which are important in chronic illness. Our viewpoint is that mindfulness could be a core element of salutogenic approaches to promote health and well-being for people living with pain because it rebuilds a fractured sense of cohesion. Mindfulness empowers people in pain to embrace their existence; shifting the focus away from pain and giving their lives meaning. We propose that integrating mindfulness into activities of daily living and individual or community-based activities will promote living well in the modern world, with or without pain; thus, promoting individual potential for fulfilment. Future research should consider the effects of mindfulness on people with pain in real-life settings, considering social, environmental, and economic factors using a broader set of outcomes, including self-efficacy, sense of coherence and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole A. Paley
- Centre for Pain Research, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Academic Unit of Palliative Care, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Mark I. Johnson
- Centre for Pain Research, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
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27
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Komariah M, Hatthakit U, Boonyoung N, Ibrahim K, Susilaningsih FS, Mediani HS, Rahayuwati L, Hermayanti Y, Pahria T, Arifin H. Islamic Mindfulness-Based Caring as an Intervention to Manage Fatigue. J Holist Nurs 2023:8980101231180363. [PMID: 37455340 DOI: 10.1177/08980101231180363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to determine the effects of Islamic Mindfulness-based Caring (IMC) on fatigue among breast cancer patients. Design: A quasi-experimental study was undertaken in the chemotherapy unit of a hospital, in Bandung, Indonesia. Methods: A total of 112 females with stage III breast cancer undertaking chemotherapy treatment were recruited by purposive sampling technique. The experimental group (n = 53) was given both IMC and usual care, whereas the control group (n = 59) received only the usual care. Data were collected on days 1, 3, 23, and 44 using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) and demographic information tools. Data analyses were carried out with the Mixed-Effects Linear Regression. Findings: We found a significant difference in fatigue between the control and experimental groups on days 23 (mean: 29.34-34.92; p = .001) and 44 (mean: 28.68-37.89; p < .001) after IMC intervention. The increase of time was significantly associated with a lower fatigue score (p < .05). Mixed-Effect Linear Regression showed a significant interaction between time and intervention of IMC effect on fatigue score on time-4 (adjusted β coefficient: 6.62; 95% CI: 2.17-11.06). Conclusions: Nurse-administered IMC is capable of reducing fatigue among breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tuti Pahria
- Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Hidayat Arifin
- Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
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28
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Lorenzetti V, Gaillard A, Beyer E, Kowalczyk M, Kamboj SK, Manning V, Gleeson J. Do mindfulness-based interventions change brain function in people with substance dependence? A systematic review of the fMRI evidence. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:407. [PMID: 37286936 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04789-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use disorders (SUDs) affect ~ 35 million people globally and are associated with strong cravings, stress, and brain alterations. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) can mitigate the adverse psychosocial outcomes of SUDs, but the underlying neurobiology is unclear. Emerging findings were systematically synthesised from fMRI studies about MBI-associated changes in brain function in SUDs and their associations with mindfulness, drug quantity, and craving. METHODS PsycINFO, Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. Seven studies met inclusion criteria. RESULTS Group by time effects indicated that MBIs in SUDs (6 tobacco and 1 opioid) were associated with changes in the function of brain pathways implicated in mindfulness and addiction (e.g., anterior cingulate cortex and striatum), which correlated with greater mindfulness, lower craving and drug quantity. CONCLUSIONS The evidence for fMRI-related changes with MBI in SUD is currently limited. More fMRI studies are required to identify how MBIs mitigate and facilitate recovery from aberrant brain functioning in SUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Lorenzetti
- Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Level 5 Daniel Mannix Building, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia.
| | - Alexandra Gaillard
- Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Level 5 Daniel Mannix Building, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Emillie Beyer
- Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Level 5 Daniel Mannix Building, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia
| | - Magdalena Kowalczyk
- Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Level 5 Daniel Mannix Building, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia
| | - Sunjeev K Kamboj
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Victoria Manning
- Monash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John Gleeson
- Digital Innovations in Mental Health and Well-being Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Senders A, Bauer S, Chen Y, Oken B, Fink H, Lane N, Sajadi K, Marshall L. Musculoskeletal Pain, a Possible Indicator of Central Sensitization, Is Positively Associated With Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Progression in Community-Dwelling Older Men. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:997-1004. [PMID: 36149833 PMCID: PMC10235191 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal pain, a possible marker of central sensitization, is associated with higher prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) among older men. We investigated whether musculoskeletal pain is associated with LUTS progression. METHODS Participants were 5 569 men age ≥65 years enrolled in the prospective, multicenter Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study. Self-reported musculoskeletal pain within 12 months before baseline was categorized as any pain and multilocation pain. Pain interference within 4 weeks of baseline was assessed with the SF-12 questionnaire. LUTS were assessed repeatedly with the American Urological Association Symptom Index (AUA-SI). Men with severe LUTS at baseline were excluded. LUTS progression was defined as the first occurrence of a ≥4-point AUA-SI increase during a 2-year follow-up interval. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariable pooled logistic regression. RESULTS LUTS progression was 37% higher among men with any musculoskeletal pain compared with men without pain (IRR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.54). Positive associations were also observed between LUTS progression and pain at 1 (IRR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.48) and ≥2 locations (IRR 1.42, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.60). Compared with men without pain interference, men with quite a bit/extreme pain interference were most likely to experience LUTS progression (minimal interference IRR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.26; moderate interference IRR 1.28, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.45; quite a bit/extreme interference IRR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.22, 1.71). CONCLUSIONS Among men initially without severe LUTS, musculoskeletal pain is associated with an increased risk of LUTS progression. Studies using validated measures of central sensitization and LUTS progression among men are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Senders
- Oregon Health and Science University–Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Scott R Bauer
- Department of Medicine, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- San Francisco VA Healthcare System, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yiyi Chen
- Seagen, Inc., Bothell, Washington, USA
| | - Barry Oken
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Howard A Fink
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nancy E Lane
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kamran P Sajadi
- Department of Urology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Lynn M Marshall
- Oregon Health and Science University–Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Bang M, Kim B, Lee KS, Choi TK, Lee SH. Long-term benefits of mindfulness on white matter tracts underlying the cortical midline structures in panic disorder: A 2-year longitudinal study. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 77:355-364. [PMID: 36917206 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to examine the long-term benefits of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on white matter plasticity in the cortical midline structures (CMS) for a period of 2 years in patients with panic disorder and the relationships between white matter changes in the CMS and severity of state and trait symptoms. METHODS Seventy-one participants were enrolled and underwent diffusion tensor imaging at baseline and after 2 years (26 who received MBCT as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy [MBCT+PT], 20 treated with pharmacotherapy alone [PT-alone], and 25 healthy controls [HCs]). The severity of symptoms and fractional anisotropy (FA) in white matter regions underlying the CMS were assessed at baseline and 2-year follow-up. RESULTS The MBCT+PT group showed better outcomes after 2 years than the PT-alone group. The groups showed different FA changes: the MBCT+PT group showed decreased FA in the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC); the PT-alone group showed increased FA in the bilateral dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and precuneus. Decreased white matter FA in the ACC, PCC, and precuneus was associated with improvements in the severity of state and trait symptoms in patients with panic disorder. CONCLUSION Alleviation of excessive white matter connectivity in the CMS after MBCT leads to improvements in clinical symptoms and trait vulnerability in patients with panic disorder. Our study provides new evidence for the long-term benefits of MBCT on white matter plasticity and its clinical applicability as a robust treatment for panic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Bang
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Borah Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Kiu Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Farb NAS, Zuo Z, Price CJ. Interoceptive Awareness of the Breath Preserves Attention and Language Networks amidst Widespread Cortical Deactivation: A Within-Participant Neuroimaging Study. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0088-23.2023. [PMID: 37316296 PMCID: PMC10295813 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0088-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Interoception, the representation of the body's internal state, serves as a foundation for emotion, motivation, and wellbeing. Yet despite its centrality in human experience, the neural mechanisms of interoceptive attention are poorly understood. The Interoceptive/Exteroceptive Attention Task (IEAT) is a novel neuroimaging paradigm that compares behavioral tracking of the respiratory cycle (Active Interoception) to tracking of a visual stimulus (Active Exteroception). Twenty-two healthy participants completed the IEAT during two separate scanning sessions (N = 44) as part of a randomized control trial of mindful awareness in body-oriented therapy (MABT). Compared with Active Exteroception, Active Interoception deactivated somatomotor and prefrontal regions. Greater self-reported interoceptive sensibility (MAIA scale) predicted sparing from deactivation within the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and left-lateralized language regions. The right insula, typically described as a primary interoceptive cortex, was only specifically implicated by its deactivation during an exogenously paced respiration condition (Active Matching) relative to self-paced Active Interoception. Psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis characterized Active Interoception as promoting greater ACC connectivity with lateral prefrontal and parietal regions commonly referred to as the dorsal attention network (DAN). In contrast to evidence relating accurate detection of liminal interoceptive signals such as the heartbeat to anterior insula activity, interoceptive attention toward salient signals such as the respiratory cycle may involve reduced cortical activity but greater ACC-DAN connectivity, with greater sensibility linked to reduced deactivation within the ACC and language-processing regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman A S Farb
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Psychological Clinical Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Zoey Zuo
- Department of Psychological Clinical Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Cynthia J Price
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
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Nayok SB, Sreeraj VS, Shivakumar V, Venkatasubramanian G. A Primer on Interoception and its Importance in Psychiatry. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 21:252-261. [PMID: 37119217 PMCID: PMC10157017 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2023.21.2.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Interoception is the perception of signals from inside the body. It plays a significant role in the nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and endocrine systems. It is also closely related to the autonomic nervous system and inflammatory pathways and plays a significant role in our optimal functioning. Recently, interoception has gained more attention in neuropsychiatric research. Anatomical and physiological aspects of interoception like relevant brain areas, the role of the vagus nerve, and the autonomic nervous system are gradually being understood. Different facets of interoception like interoceptive attention, detection, magnitude, discrimination, accuracy, awareness, and appraisal have been proposed and their assessments and importance are being evaluated. Further, interoception is often dysregulated or abnormal in psychiatric disorders. It has been implicated in the psychopathology, etiopathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of mood, anxiety, psychotic, personality and addiction-related disorders. This narrative review attempts to provide a nuanced understanding of the pathway(s), components, functions, assessments, and problems of interoception and will help us to detect its disturbances and evaluate its impact on psychiatric disorders, leading to a better perspective and management. This will also advance interoception-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarna Buddha Nayok
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Vanteemar S. Sreeraj
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Venkataram Shivakumar
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
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Fagioli S, Pallini S, Mastandrea S, Barcaccia B. Effectiveness of a Brief Online Mindfulness-Based Intervention for University Students. Mindfulness (N Y) 2023; 14:1234-1245. [PMID: 37304659 PMCID: PMC10152029 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-023-02128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a dramatic increase in Web-based education, lacking face-to-face student-teacher and student-student interaction, and consequently impairing students' sense of belonging to a community, interoceptive awareness, and academic self-efficacy. This study examined how a brief mindfulness-based intervention in an online university course can be effective in enhancing attention resources, developing a stronger sense of academic self-efficacy, and improving the sense of belonging to a community, which represent critical factors affecting students' participation in online and blended courses. Method Four-hundred and eighty-six participants (Mage 22.88) completed a battery of measures at pre- and post-treatment. One class (experimental group) participated in a brief online mindfulness-based intervention (42%), whereas the other one (control group) did not take part in the intervention (58%). The intervention included breathing meditation at the beginning of class, sharing of experiences, mini-lectures on mindfulness, and daily practice, and lasted for 28 consecutive days. Results Participants in the experimental group when compared to controls showed a significant increase in the feeling of influencing the course activities (F = 9.628; p < 0.005), in the self-regulation of attention (F = 19.133; p < 0.001), in academic self-efficacy (F = 9.220; p < 0.005), and, particularly, in their self-efficacy in regulating learning (F = 12.942; p < 0.001). The students' adherence to the assigned practice could partially explain the effectiveness of the intervention. Conclusions This study offers useful clues about the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions in the classroom in enhancing sense of belonging to a community, attention grounded in bodily sensations, and academic self-efficacy. Preregistration This study is not preregistered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Fagioli
- Department of Education, Roma Tre University, Via Di Castro Pretorio N.20, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Pallini
- Department of Education, Roma Tre University, Via Di Castro Pretorio N.20, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Mastandrea
- Department of Education, Roma Tre University, Via Di Castro Pretorio N.20, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Barcaccia
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Dei Marsi N.78, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Associazione Di Psicologia Cognitiva APC and Scuola Di Psicoterapia Cognitiva Srl SPC, Viale Castro Pretorio N. 116, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Klamut O, Weissenberger S. Embodying Consciousness through Interoception and a Balanced Time Perspective. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040592. [PMID: 37190557 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents current research and scientific knowledge in body mind sciences through the lens of interoception, as a representative of the body; and time perspective, as the representative of the mind. This intertwining dichotomy has been a subject of discourse in many fields, all having the common denominator of consciousness. Our aim is to expand on the congruities of these seemingly deconstructed worlds-of science and philosophy, of the body and the mind, to show that the place of consciousness lies in the zone between these two. Being aware of the body in the present moment. We introduce interoception and time perspective, focusing on how interoceptive signals are depicted in autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulation, and how this relates to the concept of a balanced time perspective (BTP), a highly adaptive psychological characteristic. Time perspective and interoception are also reviewed in the case of clinical conditions. We assess findings on interoceptive pathways in the body, finding convergence with balanced time perspective through the neuroanatomical lens. We conclude with findings that both dysregulated interoceptive states and a time perspective disbalance are recognized as defining features of mental disorders, proposing prospective practical therapeutic approaches, as well as implications for further research in the field.
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Locatelli G, Matus A, James R, Salmoirago-Blotcher E, Ausili D, Vellone E, Riegel B. What is the role of interoception in the symptom experience of people with a chronic condition? A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 148:105142. [PMID: 36965864 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interoception, the ability of the organism to sense, interpret, and regulate signals originating from within the body, plays an important role in how individuals perceive and respond to symptoms. However, there is scarce evidence on the role of interoception in the symptom experience of people with chronic conditions. AIM To synthesize the role of interoception in the symptom experience of adults with a chronic condition. METHODS Systematic review. We searched PubMed, Psychinfo, Embase, CINAHL, and Science Citation Index-Expanded. We included primary research (all study designs) addressing our study aim, published between 2013-2021, and measuring at least one dimension of interoception. Any chronic condition and any symptom were included. No language limits were applied. Only the adult population was included. RESULTS We included 18 quantitative studies investigating the relationship between three interoceptive dimensions (i.e., accuracy, sensibility, awareness) and condition-specific symptoms in 10 chronic conditions. People with chronic conditions had lower interoceptive accuracy than healthy controls. Higher interoceptive sensibility was associated with lower symptom severity/frequency. Higher interoceptive accuracy was associated with lower symptom severity/frequency in half of the studies, while the other half reported the opposite. Only one study explored interoceptive awareness. CONCLUSION Interoceptive abilities are lower in patients with chronic conditions. Higher interoceptive sensibility is associated with lower symptom severity/frequency, but this relationship is unclear when it comes to interoceptive accuracy and awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Locatelli
- Department of biomedicine and prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy; Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australia.
| | - Austin Matus
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Richard James
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Davide Ausili
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| | - Ercole Vellone
- Department of biomedicine and prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Barbara Riegel
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
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Van de Winckel A, Zhang L, Hendrickson T, Lim KO, Mueller BA, Philippus A, Monden KR, Oh J, Huang Q, Sertic JVL, Ruen J, Konczak J, Evans R, Bronfort G. Identifying body awareness-related brain network changes after Spring Forest Qigong™ practice or P.Volve low-intensity exercise in adults with chronic low back pain: a feasibility Phase I Randomized Clinical Trial. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.02.11.23285808. [PMID: 36824785 PMCID: PMC9949220 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.11.23285808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Chronic low back pain (cLBP) affects the quality of life of 52 million Americans and leads to an enormous personal and economic burden. A multidisciplinary approach to cLBP management is recommended. Since medication has limited efficacy and there are mounting concerns about opioid addiction, the American College of Physicians and American Pain Society recommend non-pharmacological interventions, such as mind and body approaches (e.g., Qigong, yoga, Tai Chi) before prescribing medications. Of those, Qigong practice might be most accessible given its gentle movements and because it can be performed standing, sitting, or lying down. The three available Qigong studies in adults with cLBP showed that Qigong reduced pain more than waitlist and equally well than exercise. Yet, the duration and/or frequency of Qigong practice were low (<12 weeks or less than 3x/week). The objectives of this study were to investigate the feasibility of practicing Spring Forest Qigong™ or performing P.Volve low intensity exercises 3x/week for 12 weeks, feasibility of recruitment, data collection, delivery of the intervention as intended, as well as identify estimates of efficacy on brain function and behavioral outcomes after Qigong practice or exercise. To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the feasibility of the potential effect of Qigong on brain function in adults with cLBP. Methods We conducted a feasibility Phase I Randomized Clinical Trial. Of the 36 adults with cLBP recruited between January 2020 and June 2021, 32 were enrolled and randomized to either 12 weeks of remote Spring Forest Qigong™ practice or remote P.Volve low-intensity exercises. Participants practiced at least 3x/week for 41min/session with online videos. Our main outcome measures were the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (highest, average, and lowest cLBP pain intensity levels in the prior week), assessed weekly and fMRI data (resting-state and task-based fMRI tasks: pain imagery, kinesthetic imagery of a Qigong movement, and robot-guided shape discrimination). We compared baseline resting-state connectivity and brain activation during fMRI tasks in adults with cLBP with data from a healthy control group (n=28) acquired in a prior study. Secondary outcomes included measures of function, disability, body awareness, kinesiophobia, balance, self-efficacy, core muscle strength, and ankle proprioceptive acuity with a custom-build device. Results Feasibility of the study design and methods was demonstrated with 30 participants completing the study (94% retention) and reporting high satisfaction with the programs; 96% adherence to P.Volve low-intensity exercises, and 128% of the required practice intensity for Spring Forest Qigong™ practice. Both groups saw promising reductions in low back pain (effect sizes Cohen's d =1.01-2.22) and in most other outcomes ( d =0.90-2.33). Markers of ankle proprioception were not significantly elevated in the cLBP group after the interventions. Brain imaging analysis showed weaker parietal operculum and insula network connectivity in adults with cLBP (n=26), compared to data from a healthy control group (n=28). The pain imagery task elicited lower brain activation of insula, parietal operculum, angular gyrus and supramarginal gyrus at baseline in adults with cLBP than in healthy adults. Adults with cLBP had lower precentral gyrus activation than healthy adults for the Qigong movement and robot task at baseline. Pre-post brain function changes showed individual variability: Six (out of 13) participants in the Qigong group showed increased activation in the parietal operculum, angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and precentral gyrus during the Qigong fMRI task. Interpretation Our data indicate the feasibility and acceptability of using Spring Forest Qigong™ practice or P.Volve low-intensity exercises for cLBP relief showing promising results in terms of pain relief and associated symptoms. Our brain imaging results indicated brain function improvements after 12 weeks of Qigong practice in some participants, pointing to the need for further investigation in larger studies. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04164225 .
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Estave P, Margol C, Beeghly S, Anderson R, Shakir M, Coffield A, Byrnes J, O’Connell N, Seng E, Gardiner P, Wells RE. Mechanisms of mindfulness in patients with migraine: Results of a qualitative study. Headache 2023; 63:390-409. [PMID: 36853655 PMCID: PMC10088163 DOI: 10.1111/head.14481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the mechanisms of mindfulness' impact on migraine. BACKGROUND Promising mindfulness research demonstrates potential benefit in migraine, but no data-driven model exists from the lived experiences of patients that explains the mechanisms of mindfulness in migraine. METHODS Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with adults with migraine who participated in two mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) clinical trials (n = 43). Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and summarized into a framework matrix with development of a master codebook. Constructivist grounded theory approach was used to identify themes/subthemes. RESULTS Participants who learned mindfulness techniques through MBSR experienced altered pain perception, altered response to migraine attacks and disease, increased awareness of external and internal experiences, improved overall well-being, and group benefits. Mindfulness resulted in earlier stress-body awareness and increased interoceptive awareness resulting in earlier attack recognition, leading to earlier and more effective management. Interictal factors of self-blame, guilt, and stigma decreased while migraine acceptance, hope, empowerment, self-efficacy, and self-compassion increased. Improved emotion regulation resulted in decreased fear of migraine, pain catastrophizing, anticipatory anxiety, and pain reactivity. Although taught as prevention, mindfulness was used both acutely and prophylactically. We created a conceptual model hypothesizing that MBSR skills led to an infusion of mindfulness in daily life, resulting in altered pain perception and experience, ultimately leading to improvement in overall well-being, which may positively feed back to the infusion of mindfulness in daily life. The therapeutic benefit of learning mindfulness in a group setting may moderate these effects. CONCLUSIONS This study identified several new potential mechanisms of mindfulness' effect on migraine. After learning MBSR skills, participants reported altered pain and migraine perception and experiences. Increased stress-body and interoceptive awareness resulted in earlier migraine awareness and treatment. Mindfulness may target important interictal factors that affect disease burden such as fear of migraine, pain catastrophizing, and anticipatory anxiety. This is the first data-driven study to help elucidate the mechanisms of mindfulness on migraine from patient voices and can help direct future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Estave
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine– Neurology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Caitlyn Margol
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine– Neurology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Summerlyn Beeghly
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine– Neurology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Reid Anderson
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine– Neurology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Mariam Shakir
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine– Neurology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Alexandra Coffield
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine– Neurology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Julia Byrnes
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine– Neurology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Nathaniel O’Connell
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine - Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Elizabeth Seng
- Yeshiva University Albert Einstein College of Medicine– Psychology, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Paula Gardiner
- Center for Mindfulness and Compassion - Family Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Rebecca Erwin Wells
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine– Neurology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
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Millman LM, Hunter EC, Terhune DB, Orgs G. Online structured dance/movement therapy reduces bodily detachment in depersonalization-derealization disorder. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 51:101749. [PMID: 37018935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depersonalization-derealization disorder (DDD) is a dissociative disorder encompassing pronounced disconnections from the self and from external reality. As DDD is inherently tied to a detachment from the body, dance/movement therapy could provide an innovative treatment approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed two online dance tasks to reduce detachment either by training body awareness (BA task) or enhancing the salience of bodily signals through dance exercise (DE task). Individuals with DDD (n = 31) and healthy controls (n = 29) performed both tasks individually in a cross-over design. We assessed symptom severity (Cambridge Depersonalization Scale), interoceptive awareness (Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness - II), mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire), and body vigilance (Body Vigilance Scale) before, during and after the tasks. RESULTS At baseline, individuals with DDD exhibited elevated depersonalization-derealization symptoms alongside lower levels of interoceptive awareness and mindfulness compared to controls. Both tasks reduced symptoms in the DDD group, though dance exercise was perceived as easier. The DE task increased mindfulness in those with DDD more than the BA task, whereas controls showed the opposite pattern. In the DDD group, within-subject correlations showed that lower levels of symptoms were associated with task-specific elevations in interoceptive awareness and mindfulness. CONCLUSION Individual and structured dance/movement practice, performed at home without an instructor present, offers an effective tool to reduce symptoms in DDD and can be tailored to address specific cognitive components of a mindful engagement with the body.
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Pan B, Fan S, Song Z, Li Y. Negative Bias or Positive Deficiency, or Both? The Relationship Between Individual Authenticity and Depression Among Preschool Teachers: The Sequential Mediation Effects of Mindfulness and Self-Alienation. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:333-349. [PMID: 36789148 PMCID: PMC9922485 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s393191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Depression has become a topic of widespread concern around the world, and teachers' depression has also had an important impact on the healthy development of education. However, there are differences in the cognitive theory of depression and positive psychology about the mechanism of depression. This study attempts to verify the related viewpoints of the two viewpoints through empirical research. Methods Three hundred and twenty eight preschool teachers were measured with authenticity scale, five facet mindfulness questionnaire, center for epidemiologic studies depression scale, and general alienation scale. Results Individual authenticity negatively predicted depression. Mindfulness can mediate the relationship between individual authenticity and depression. Self-alienation mediates the relationship between individual authenticity and depression. In addition, mindfulness and self-alienation played a sequential mediating role between individual authenticity and depression. Conclusion Mindfulness and self-alienation play a sequential mediating role between individual authenticity and depression. This study not only confirms the relevant theoretical viewpoints of positive psychology on depression, but also believes that individual depression is not only affected by one's own negative bias but also by one's own positive factors. At the same time, the individual's own positive factors will affect the negative factors. This perspective will provide new literature references to existing relevant theories about depression. In addition, this study will also provide literature reference for early childhood education practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baocheng Pan
- College of Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyi Fan
- College of Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanmei Song
- College of International Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Zhanmei Song; Yu Li, Email ;
| | - Yu Li
- The Family Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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Kumari V, Antonova E, Mahmood S, Shukla M, Saifullah A, Pandey R. Dispositional mindfulness, alexithymia and sensory processing: Emerging insights from habituation of the acoustic startle reflex response. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 184:20-27. [PMID: 36513183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence of beneficial effects of mindfulness developed through engaging in mindfulness training/practices on sensory and cognitive processing, emotion regulation and mental health. Mindfulness has also been conceptualised as a dispositional 'trait', i.e. the naturally-occurring ability of meditation-naïve individuals to display, in varying degree, a non-judgmental non-reactive present-moment awareness in everyday life. In this study we examined possible associations between dispositional mindfulness, alexithymia and sensory processing. Eye-blink startle responses to acoustic stimuli of varying intensity [90-dB or 100-dB over 70-dB (A) background] were assessed in 26 meditation-naïve adults (50 % men) using electromyographic recordings of the orbicularis muscle. All participants completed the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. A negative association was found between dispositional mindfulness and alexithymia (r = -0.513). There was stronger startle habituation to 100-dB, compared to 90-dB probes. Stronger startle habituation (larger negative habitation slope values) to 100-dB probes was significantly associated with higher dispositional mindfulness (r = -0.528) and with lower alexithymia at trend level (r = 0.333). As indicated by commonality analysis, 10.6 % of explained variance in habituation (100-dB probes) was common to both alexithymia and mindfulness, 17.3 % was unique to mindfulness, but alexithymia made negligible unique contribution (0.5 %). These findings indicate similar startle habituation pattern in people with a high level of dispositional mindfulness to that reported previously by Antonova et al. (2015) in people with moderate mindfulness meditation practice intensity. Future studies should investigate the mechanisms, such as interoceptive awareness, that might underly these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kumari
- Divison of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK.
| | - E Antonova
- Divison of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK
| | - S Mahmood
- Divison of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK
| | - M Shukla
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, India
| | - A Saifullah
- Divison of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK
| | - R Pandey
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, India
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Embodied empathy and abstract concepts' concreteness: Evidence from contemplative practices. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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Gilchrist H, Haynes A, Oliveira JS, Sherrington C, Clementson L, Glenn J, Jones J, Sesto R, Tiedemann A. 'My words become my hands': Yoga instructors' experiences of adapting teleyoga in the SAGE fall prevention trial-A qualitative analysis. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231185273. [PMID: 37434722 PMCID: PMC10331186 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231185273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This research identifies practical lessons regarding the delivery of teleyoga. Our objectives are to (1) describe challenges and opportunities experienced by yoga instructors when moving the Successful AGEing (SAGE) yoga programme online, and (2) describe how yoga instructors adapted to manage the challenges and leverage opportunities presented by teleyoga. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of the data from a previous realist process evaluation of the SAGE yoga trial. The SAGE yoga trial is testing the effect of a yoga-based exercise programme on falls among 700 community-dwelling people aged 60+ years. We draw on focus groups and interviews with four SAGE yoga instructors which we analysed using previously developed programme theories combined with inductive coding and an analytical workshop. Results The concerns of the yoga instructors about teleyoga can be characterised into four broad issues: threats to safety, altered interpersonal dynamics, facilitating mind-body connection and difficulties with technology. The SAGE instructors identified eight modifications they used to manage these challenges: a 1:1 participant interview prior to programme commencement, more descriptive verbal instructions, increased focus on interoception, increased attention and support, slower more structured class flow, simplifying poses, adapting the studio environment and IT support. Conclusions We have created a typology of strategies for addressing challenges in the delivery of teleyoga for older people. As well as maximising engagement with teleyoga, these manageable strategies could be applied by other instructors to a wide range of telehealth classes, improving the uptake and adherence of beneficial online programmes and services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Gilchrist
- The University of Sydney, Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW, Australia
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW, Australia
| | - Abby Haynes
- The University of Sydney, Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW, Australia
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW, Australia
| | - Juliana S Oliveira
- The University of Sydney, Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW, Australia
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW, Australia
| | - Catherine Sherrington
- The University of Sydney, Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW, Australia
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - June Jones
- Omnibody Yoga and Pilates, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Anne Tiedemann
- The University of Sydney, Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW, Australia
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Gadigal Country, NSW, Australia
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Guu SF, Chao YP, Huang FY, Cheng YT, Ng HYH, Hsu CF, Chuang CH, Huang CM, Wu CW. Interoceptive awareness: MBSR training alters information processing of salience network. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1008086. [PMID: 37025109 PMCID: PMC10070746 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1008086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness refers to a mental state of awareness of internal experience without judgment. Studies have suggested that each mindfulness practice may involve a unique mental state, but the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms remain unknown. Here we examined how distinct mindfulness practices after mindfulness-based intervention alter brain functionality. Specifically, we investigated the functional alterations of the salience network (SN) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) among the two interoceptive mindfulness practices-breathing and body scan-associated with interoceptive awareness in fixed attention and shifted attention, respectively. Long-distance functional connectivity (FC) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) approaches were applied to measure distant and local neural information processing across various mental states. We hypothesized that mindful breathing and body scan would yield a unique information processing pattern in terms of long-range and local functional connectivity (FC). A total of 18 meditation-naïve participants were enrolled in an 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program alongside a waitlist control group (n = 14), with both groups undergoing multiple fMRI sessions during breathing, body scan and resting state for comparison. We demonstrated that two mindfulness practices affect both the long-distance FC SN and the local ReHo, only apparent after the MBSR program. Three functional distinctions between the mindfulness practices and the resting state are noted: (1) distant SN connectivity to occipital regions increased during the breathing practice (fixed attention), whereas the SN increased connection with the frontal/central gyri during the body scan (shifting attention); (2) local ReHo increased only in the parietal lobe during the body scan (shifting attention); (3) distant and local connections turned into a positive correlation only during the mindfulness practices after the MBSR training, indicating a global enhancement of the SN information processing during mindfulness practices. Though with limited sample size, the functional specificity of mindfulness practices offers a potential research direction on neuroimaging of mindfulness, awaiting further studies for verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiao-Fei Guu
- Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Chao
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Ying Huang
- Department of Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Clinical Mental Health Counseling Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hei-Yin Hydra Ng
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, College of Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences, College of Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiang Chuang
- Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences, College of Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Mao Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chih-Mao Huang,
| | - Changwei W. Wu
- Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Shuang Ho Hospital-Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Changwei W. Wu,
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Davis L, Aylward A, Scott BG, Jacobs J. "Following the Breath:" A Trauma-Informed Intervention for Educator Wellness in Rural Montana. EDUCATION SCIENCES 2023; 13:23. [PMID: 38116307 PMCID: PMC10730112 DOI: 10.3390/educsci13010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Given the prevalence of mental health issues for both educators and adolescents in rural Montana, this project is designed to help mitigate the impact of stressors by providing coping strategies linked to improvements in overall mental health outcomes for teachers, which may ultimately lead to improved co-regulation of students and classroom climate. The immediate goal of this pilot study was to measure physical and mental health outcomes of educators resulting from a remotely-delivered trauma-informed yoga intervention. Findings suggest improvements in participants' depression and anxiety levels, trauma symptoms, sleep quality, and non-significant changes in heart rate variability and cortisol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Davis
- Montana State University, College of Education, Health, and Human Development and Department of Psychology, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Alexandra Aylward
- University of Texas-Austin, College of Education, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Brandon G. Scott
- Montana State University, College of Education, Health, and Human Development and Department of Psychology, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Jonathan Jacobs
- Montana State University, College of Education, Health, and Human Development and Department of Psychology, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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Micheli N, Porcelli P, Barrault-Couchouron M, Dantzer C. Does the practice of mindfulness reduce somatic symptoms and COVID-19-related anxiety? A community-based survey. Front Psychol 2022; 13:996559. [PMID: 36571039 PMCID: PMC9784913 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.996559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have shown an increase of psychological distress in the general population. Previous research demonstrated that high levels of anxiety are associated with reporting more somatic symptoms. The ability to adaptively regulate emotions is essential to deal with stressful situations, and it is one of the main components of mindfulness practice. The aim of the present study was to document the effect of mindfulness practice on somatic symptoms and psychological distress in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The study has a descriptive cross-sectional design. During the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic, between November 2020 and January 2021 participants living in France responded to an online survey on the impact of COVID-19 on psychological distress and physical health. The questionnaire included the assessment of COVID-19-related anxiety, mindfulness practice and experience, dispositional mindfulness, somatization, depression, generalized anxiety, and emotion regulation. Results A total of 569 people (mean age = 39.8 years, 90% women) were included in the study. COVID-19 related anxiety was associated with higher levels of somatic symptoms, generalized anxiety, and depression. About half of the sample (n = 318, 56%) reported moderate to severe somatic symptoms that were associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety, lower levels of dispositional mindfulness and to the use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. Overall, 164 subjects (28.8%) reported practicing meditation. No differences were found in dispositional mindfulness (MAAS score) between beginners and advanced practitioners, regardless of the type, years, frequency, and length of practice. Participants with less experience in mindfulness practice reported a significant higher number of somatic symptoms than non-practitioners and a higher use of rumination. Moreover, mindfulness experience was associated with the use of more adaptive emotion regulation strategies. Conclusion Mindfulness meditation has been promoted as a practice enhancing well-being and helping to cope with the psychological impact of stressful events. However, in a distressing situation as COVID-19 pandemic, a limited experience in mindfulness practices might result in the development or endurance of somatic symptoms. Adequate training and a focus on mindful acceptance, may contribute to enhance the effectiveness of mindfulness practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Micheli
- Univertité de Bordeaux, LabPsy UR 4139, Bordeaux, France,*Correspondence: Noemi Micheli,
| | - Piero Porcelli
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Cécile Dantzer
- Univertité de Bordeaux, LabPsy UR 4139, Bordeaux, France
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Lynn S, Satyal MK, Smith AJ, Tasnim N, Gyamfi D, English DF, Suzuki WA, Basso JC. Dispositional mindfulness and its relationship to exercise motivation and experience. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:934657. [PMID: 36524058 PMCID: PMC9745059 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.934657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness is the psychological state of staying attuned to the present moment, without ruminating on past or future events, and allowing thoughts, feelings, or sensations to arise without judgment or attachment. Previous work has shown that heightened dispositional mindfulness is associated with the awareness of the importance of exercise, exercise self-efficacy, exercise motivation, and self-reported exercise level. However, more methodologically rigorous studies are needed to understand the relationship between mindfulness and the psychological mechanisms related to exercise motivation, including the identification of why individuals are motivated to engage in exercise, the subjective experience of exercise, and the propensity for exercise dependence and addiction. In this cross-sectional investigation, we utilized the framework of the Self-Determination Theory to examine the hypothesis that heightened dispositional mindfulness (as measured by the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale) would be associated with increased levels of exercise motivation that were derived by higher levels of autonomous self-regulation. Individuals were recruited from urban areas who self-reported either low (exercising 2 or fewer times per week for 20 min or less; n = 78) or moderate (exercising 1 or 2 times per week for 20 min or more; n = 127) levels of exercise engagement. As hypothesized, heightened dispositional mindfulness was significantly associated with heightened levels of exercise self-determination as measured by the Behavioral Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire, with this effect being driven by negative associations with amotivation, external regulation, and introjected regulation. Additionally, we found that heightened dispositional mindfulness was associated with lower levels of psychological distress upon exercise and decreased exercise dependence/addiction. Overall, increased dispositional mindfulness may support a healthy relationship with exercise. These findings have implications for the utility of mindfulness interventions to support the regulation of exercise behaviors in service of enhancing exercise motivation and engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lynn
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Medha Kumari Satyal
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Alana J. Smith
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Noor Tasnim
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Daphne Gyamfi
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Daniel F. English
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Wendy A. Suzuki
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Julia C. Basso
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- Center for Health Behaviors Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, United States
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47
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Eng GK, Collins KA, Brown C, Ludlow M, Tobe RH, Iosifescu DV, Stern ER. Relationships between interoceptive sensibility and resting-state functional connectivity of the insula in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:5285-5300. [PMID: 35257146 PMCID: PMC9712718 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) exhibit abnormality in their subjective perception of internal sensation, a process known as interoceptive sensibility (IS), as well as altered functioning of the insula, a key neural structure for interoception. We investigated the multivariate structure of IS in 77 OCD patients and 53 controls and examined associations of IS with resting-state functional connectivity (FC) of the insula within the OCD group. For each group, principal component analysis was performed on 8 subscales of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness assessing putatively "adaptive" and "maladaptive" aspects of IS. Associations between IS components and insula FC in the OCD group were evaluated using seed regions placed in each of 3 subdivisions of the insula (posterior, anterior dorsal, and anterior ventral). Behaviorally, controls showed a 2-component solution broadly categorized into "adaptive" and "maladaptive" IS, while OCD patients exhibited a 3-component solution. The general tendency to notice or be aware of sensation loaded onto an "adaptive" IS component in controls but loaded onto both "adaptive" and "maladaptive" IS components in OCD. Within OCD, insula FC was differentially associated with distinct aspects of IS, identifying network connections that could serve as future targets for the modulation of IS in OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goi Khia Eng
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, One Park Ave, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10016, United States.,Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Katherine A Collins
- Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Carina Brown
- San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, San Diego, CA 92120, United States
| | - Molly Ludlow
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, 1165 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, United States
| | - Russell H Tobe
- Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Dan V Iosifescu
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, One Park Ave, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10016, United States.,Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Emily R Stern
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, One Park Ave, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10016, United States.,Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
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Aydın O, Obuća F, Çakıroğlu E, Ünal-Aydın P, Esen-Danacı A. The effect of mindfulness and metacognition on anxiety symptoms: a case-control study. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Anxiety disorders (ADs) are associated with numerous psychiatric disorders; despite the efforts in psychotherapy models targeting their etiology, novel treatment strategies are still developing. We aimed to assess whether mindfulness and metacognition differ between patients with ADs and healthy controls (HCs) and whether the symptom severity of ADs is related to mindfulness and metacognition among patients. Two-hundred participants were enrolled in this study. Structured clinical interview, sociodemographic form, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form, Metacognition Questionnaire-30, and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale were administered. Multivariate analysis of covariance was conducted to compare the groups in terms of mindfulness and metacognition. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to measure the association between the variables.
Results
The main finding indicates that positive beliefs about worry are associated with reduced symptom severity of ADs. Furthermore, HCs have more positive beliefs about worry and nonjudging of inner experience compared to patients with ADs, who utilize negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger and need to control thoughts to a greater extent.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs may influence the anxiety severity of adult patients. We suggest that focusing on reducing maladaptive metacognitions may be supportive of AD improvement.
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Lachaud L, Jacquet B, Baratgin J. Reducing Choice-Blindness? An Experimental Study Comparing Experienced Meditators to Non-Meditators. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1607-1620. [PMID: 36354592 PMCID: PMC9689841 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12110113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The mindfulness trait is an intrinsic characteristic of one's disposition that facilitates awareness of the present moment. Meditation has proven to enhance situational awareness. In this study, we compared the performance of participants that were split into two groups depending on their experience in mindfulness meditation (a control group naive to mindfulness meditation and a group of experienced mindfulness meditators). Choice-blindness happens when people fail to notice mismatches between their intentions and the consequences of decisions. Our task consisted of decisions where participants chose one preferred female facial image from a pair of images for a total of 15 decisions. By reversing the decisions, unbeknownst to the participants, three discrepancies were introduced in an online experimental design. Our results indicate that the likelihood of detecting one or more manipulations was higher in the mindful group compared to the control group. The higher FMI scores of the mindful group did not contribute to this observation; only the practice of mindfulness meditation itself did. Thus, this could be explained by better introspective access and control of reasoning processes acquired during practice and not by the latent characteristics that are attributed to the mindfulness trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Lachaud
- CHArt RNSR 200515259U, Université Paris 8, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
- Lutin Userlab, Université Paris 8, 75930 Paris, France
| | - Baptiste Jacquet
- CHArt RNSR 200515259U, Université Paris 8, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
- P-A-R-I-S Association, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean Baratgin
- CHArt RNSR 200515259U, Université Paris 8, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
- P-A-R-I-S Association, 75005 Paris, France
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50
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Fedotchev AI. Correction of Stress-Induced States Using Sensory Stimulation Automatically Modulated by Endogenous Human Rhythms. NEUROSCIENCE AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 52:947-952. [PMID: 36373061 PMCID: PMC9638486 DOI: 10.1007/s11055-022-01322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This article considers the dynamics of the development of a potential approach to correcting stress-induced states in humans, i.e., adaptive neurostimulation. The approach consists of presenting sensory stimulation automatically modulated by intrinsic rhythmic human processes such as the respiratory rhythm, the heartbeat rhythm, and electroencephalograph (EEG) rhythms. Many examples have shown that real-time self-adjustment of the stimulation parameters by these rhythms leads to a high level personalization of therapeutic stimulation and increases in its efficacy in suppressing stress-induced states. The publications reviewed here point to the advantages of this approach for developing innovatory technologies using complex feedback from endogenous human rhythms to correct a wide spectrum of functional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Fedotchev
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
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