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Fletcher K, Wydera S, Thorpe N, Radford K, das Nair R, Booth V. A rapid realist review of clinical neuropsychology rehabilitation programmes to improve psychological wellbeing and quality of life for people with acquired brain injuries. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2024; 34:1035-1070. [PMID: 37975854 PMCID: PMC11332407 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2023.2273580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 20% of acquired brain injury (ABI) survivors experience reduced psychological wellbeing (PWB). Neuropsychological rehabilitation (NPR) is one approach supporting people with ABI to participate meaningfully in activities despite challenges. Although literature supports NPR effectiveness, little is known about change mechanisms. This systematic realist review identifies what NPR programmes have been designed, delivered, and evaluated for people with ABI to improve PWB and/or quality of life (QOL), as well as providing a context-relevant understanding of what NPR includes and how NPR might lead to positive outcomes. A rapid realist review was conducted in three phases: (1) structured retrieval and evidence extraction; (2) stakeholder consultation; (3) analysis and synthesis. Searches were completed, and findings from 35 publications and one stakeholder consultation were synthesized into a refined logic model. Six context-mechanism-outcome chains (CMOCs) were identified. Participants' relationships to internal experiences, and feelings of self-worth, mastery, and connection appeared to be mechanisms that led to improved PWB and QOL. Adaptation and individualized programmes were also key mechanisms to explain successful NPR. Embedding CMOCs into NPR could improve PWB and/or QOL for people with ABI. The logic model will inform ongoing development of a new online, group-based, NPR programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Fletcher
- Division of Rehabilitation & Ageing, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Midlands Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Stafford, UK
| | - S. Wydera
- Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - N. Thorpe
- Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - K. Radford
- Division of Rehabilitation & Ageing, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - R. das Nair
- Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK
- SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - V. Booth
- Division of Rehabilitation & Ageing, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Manchaiah V, Beukes EW, Andersson G, Bateman E, Swanepoel DW, Uhler K, Vinay. Individuals with Tinnitus Report More Positive Experiences following Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Clin Pract 2024; 14:1615-1624. [PMID: 39194934 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14040130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine whether individuals with chronic tinnitus report more positive experiences following internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). METHODS A mixed-methods design was used, nested in clinical trials evaluating internet interventions for tinnitus. Participants (n = 164) completed online questionnaires (both structured and open-ended) providing demographic information as well as health variables (e.g., tinnitus distress, anxiety, depression, insomnia). An open-ended question listing positive effects or outcomes related to having tinnitus was also included. Responses to the open-ended questions were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Of the 164 eligible participants, 32.3% (n = 53) provided at least 1 positive experience both at pre- and post-intervention, with 9.1% (n = 19) providing positive experiences only at pre-intervention, 49 (29.9%) providing positive experiences only at post-intervention, and 28.7% (n = 47) of the participants did not provide any positive experiences on either measurement occasion. Significantly more positive experiences were reported following the intervention in the overall sample (p < 0.0001, paired sample t-test). In addition, participants who reported positive experiences in both pre- and post-intervention also reported more positive experiences following intervention (p = 0.008, paired sample t-test). CONCLUSIONS Internet-based CBT can help individuals with tinnitus to think more positively by changing unhelpful thought patterns. Open-ended questions can supplement structured questionnaires to measure treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinaya Manchaiah
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- UCHealth Hearing and Balance, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Virtual Hearing Lab, Collaborative Initiative between University of Colorado School of Medicine and University of Pretoria, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Speech and Hearing, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Eldré W Beukes
- Virtual Hearing Lab, Collaborative Initiative between University of Colorado School of Medicine and University of Pretoria, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Group, School of Psychology and Sports Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Gerhard Andersson
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 582 25 Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emily Bateman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - De Wet Swanepoel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Virtual Hearing Lab, Collaborative Initiative between University of Colorado School of Medicine and University of Pretoria, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Kristin Uhler
- Department of Audiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Vinay
- Audiology Group, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
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Gülırmak Güler K, Güleç Keskin S, Terzi M. Transformative impact of positive psychotherapy-based hope placement program on life goals and hope level of individuals with multiple sclerosis. Public Health Nurs 2024. [PMID: 39105489 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to assess the impact of a positive psychotherapy-based hope placement program on life goal setting and hope levels in individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHOD A Solomon Four-Group experimental design was used, involving 50 individuals diagnosed with MS who sought treatment at a university hospital's neurology outpatient clinic. Experimental (1-2) and control (1-2) groups were randomized, and pretests were administered exclusively to the experimental and control groups. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Herth Hope Scale, and the Scale for Determining Life Goals in the Context of Positive Psychotherapy. A 5-week/10-session Positive Psychotherapy-Based Hope Placement Program was conducted online for the Experimental groups. The research was conducted in the form of group therapy. Post-tests were administered to all groups upon program completion. RESULTS The experimental 1-2 group exhibited statistically significant improvements in the Scale for Identifying Life Goals in the Context of Positive Psychotherapy and Herth Hope Scale scores (p < .05). The Positive Psychotherapy-Based Hope Placement Program effectively enhances hope levels and life goal setting for individuals diagnosed with MS. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the program increased the sense of purpose in life and elevated levels of hope among MS patients. These findings suggest that positive psychotherapy-based interventions significantly improve the quality of life for MS patients. CLINICAL OR METHODOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS ARTICLE This study examines the impact of a Positive Psychotherapy-based hope placement program on determining hope and life purpose in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This research shows that HOPP (Hope Placement Program), an intervention based on Positive Psychotherapy, can significantly improve the quality of life of MS patients. These findings support the consideration of Positive Psychotherapy-based approaches as a potential therapeutic option that can positively influence the life experiences of MS patients. Therefore, this article makes an important contribution to researchers interested in using Positive Psychotherapy-based interventions in clinical practice and related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Gülırmak Güler
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Serap Güleç Keskin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Murat Terzi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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Arroyo P, Wilkie L, Davies E, Fisher Z, Kemp AH. Thriving in the wake of a storm: A systematic qualitative review & meta-synthesis on facilitating post-traumatic growth in patients living with Acquired Brain Injury. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2024:1-27. [PMID: 38870482 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2024.2356891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) often results in significant challenges, yet it may also facilitate Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG). This review explores a critical question: "What are the main factors contributing to PTG following ABI, and what potential barriers to its development are perceived by ABI survivors?" Here we aim to systematically uncover these contributors and barriers to PTG through a meta-synthesis, involving a comprehensive review of previously published qualitative research on this topic. A literature search was conducted across PsycINFO, CINAHL, and MEDLINE up to December 2022 to identify studies for inclusion. From an initial pool of 1,946 records, eleven articles were selected for inclusion. Reflexive thematic analysis yielded three analytical themes including "Journey to Self-Rediscovery", "Strength in Connection" and "Overcoming Obstacles". Our findings also revealed facilitators and barriers across multiple levels of scale including personal (e.g., acceptance versus resignation), interpersonal (e.g., positive social ties versus difficulties making social connections), and systemic (e.g., new meaning and purpose versus financial constraints) scales. Our research extends existing knowledge in ABI rehabilitation, providing a more nuanced understanding of the dynamics influencing PTG with implications for clinicians seeking to promote wellbeing following brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Arroyo
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Lowri Wilkie
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK
| | - Elen Davies
- Swansea University Library, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Zoe Fisher
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK
- Health and Wellbeing Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Andrew Haddon Kemp
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK
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Sathananthan N, Morris E, Gillanders D, das Nair R, Knox L, Wong D. Rebuilding the self through valued action and group connections after acquired brain injury: Participant perspectives of the VaLiANT group intervention. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2024:1-29. [PMID: 38838171 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2024.2359992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Effective interventions that facilitate adjustment following acquired brain injury (ABI) are needed to improve long-term outcomes and meaningful reengagement in life. VaLiANT is an 8-week group intervention that combines cognitive rehabilitation with Acceptance and Commitment therapy to improve valued living, wellbeing, and adjustment. This study explored participant experiences of VaLiANT to optimize its ongoing development. This included characterization of individually meaningful treatment outcomes, mechanisms of action, and intervention acceptability. Qualitative interviews and quantitative ratings were collected from 39 ABI survivors (Mage = 52, SD = 15; 54% stroke) following their participation in VaLiANT. Participants reported diverse outcomes which resulted in three themes being generated following reflexive thematic analysis. "A fuller toolkit for life with brain injury" indicated increased strategy usage and better daily functioning; "The value of connection and belonging" captured the importance of social experiences in shaping recovery; and "Finding the me I can be" represented cognitive, behavioural, and emotional aspects of identity reconstruction post-ABI. The content and delivery of the intervention were rated highly but participants desired greater follow-up and tailoring of the intervention. Overall, VaLiANT appears to facilitate adjustment through several mechanisms, but greater intervention individualization and dosage may be required to enhance the treatment impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Sathananthan
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eric Morris
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Gillanders
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Roshan das Nair
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Health Division, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lucy Knox
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dana Wong
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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Amonoo HL, Guo M, Boardman AC, Acharya N, Daskalakis E, Deary EC, Waldman LP, Gudenkauf L, Lee SJ, Joffe H, Addington EL, Moskowitz JT, Huffman JC, El-Jawahri A. A Positive Psychology Intervention for Caregivers of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Survivors (PATH-C): Initial Testing and Single-Arm Pilot Trial. Transplant Cell Ther 2024; 30:448.e1-448.e14. [PMID: 38266964 PMCID: PMC11009093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2024.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Caregivers of patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) play a crucial role in supporting their loved ones through physical, emotional, and practical challenges. This role has been associated with high levels of psychological distress and low levels of positive psychological well-being (PPWB). Positive psychology interventions for caregivers in other disease groups (eg, breast cancer) have been associated with improved outcomes. However, positive psychology interventions that specifically address HSCT caregivers' psychological needs are currently lacking. The goal of this single-arm open-pilot trial was to determine the feasibility and acceptability of the Positive Affect in the Transplantation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (PATH) intervention for HSCT Caregivers to identify caregiver preferences to tailor PATH for HSCT caregivers. Adult caregivers of HSCT recipients were eligible for PATH during the HSCT recipient's first 100 d post-transplant. We defined, a priori, feasibility as >60% of participants who start the intervention completing ≥6/9 intervention sessions and acceptability as weekly ratings of ease and utility of the PP exercises ≥7/10 on a 10-point Likert Scale (0 = very difficult/not helpful; 10 = very easy/very helpful). We conducted semistructured qualitative exit interviews (n = 15) to explore HSCT caregivers' perception of PATH's content, benefits of PATH, as well as facilitators and barriers to engaging with the intervention. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using framework-guided rapid analysis by 2 coders. The intervention was feasible with 83% (15/18) of caregivers who started the intervention completing ≥6/9 intervention sessions. Among caregivers who completed ≥6/9 intervention sessions, ratings of ease (mean = 8.1; 95% CI: 7.4, 8.7) and utility (mean = 8.3; 95% CI: 7.8, 8.9) also exceeded our a priori threshold of ≥7/10. Caregivers identified benefits of PATH, including identifying and responding to emotions, dedicating time to self-care, and cultivating important relationships. Sociodemographic factors (eg, being retired) and the manualized structure of PATH were cited as facilitators to intervention engagement. Barriers to PATH engagement included lack of time and competing caregiving responsibilities. Caregivers preferred remote intervention delivery within the first 100 d post HSCT. This is the first study to show a 9-wk, phone-delivered positive psychology intervention is feasible in caregivers of allogeneic HSCT recipients. Our findings also underscore the specific preferences of this population for positive psychology interventions. Larger studies are warranted to establish the efficacy of these interventions in addressing persistent unmet psychological needs for HSCT caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermioni L Amonoo
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Michelle Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Nikita Acharya
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Emma C Deary
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren P Waldman
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lisa Gudenkauf
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Stephanie J Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Hadine Joffe
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth L Addington
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Judith T Moskowitz
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeff C Huffman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Areej El-Jawahri
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Mass General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Fisher Z, Field S, Fitzsimmons D, Hutchings H, Carter K, Tod D, Gracey F, Knight A, Kemp AH. Group-based positive psychotherapy for people living with acquired brain injury: a protocol for a feasibility study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2024; 10:38. [PMID: 38383489 PMCID: PMC10880369 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-024-01459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired brain injury (ABI) and other chronic conditions are placing unprecedented pressure on healthcare systems. In the UK, 1.3 million people live with the effects of brain injury, costing the UK economy approximately £15 billion per year. As a result, there is an urgent need to adapt existing healthcare delivery to meet increasing current and future demands. A focus on wellbeing may provide an innovative opportunity to reduce the pressure on healthcare services while also supporting patients to live more meaningful lives. The overarching aims of the study are as follows: (1) evaluate the feasibility of conducting a positive psychotherapy intervention for individuals with ABI and (2) ascertain under what conditions such an intervention would merit a fully powered randomised controlled trial (RCT) compared to a standard control group (TAU). METHODS AND ANALYSIS A randomised, two-arm feasibility trial involving allocation of patients to either a treatment group (positive psychotherapy) or control group (treatment as usual) group, according to a 1:1 ratio. A total of 60 participants at three sites will be recruited including 20 participants at each site. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, on completion of the 8-week intervention and 3 months following completion. These will include a range of questionnaire-based measures, psychophysiology and qualitative outcomes focusing on feasibility outcomes and participant experience. This study has been approved by the Wales Research Ethics Committee (IRAS project ID: 271,251, REC reference: 19/WA/0336). DISCUSSION This study will be the first to examine the feasibility of an innovative, holistic positive psychotherapy intervention for people living with ABI, focused on individual, collective and planetary wellbeing, and will enable us to determine whether to proceed to a full randomised controlled trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN12690685 , registered 11th November 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Fisher
- Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK.
- Health and Wellbeing Academy, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
| | - Susannah Field
- Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK
| | - Deb Fitzsimmons
- Centre for Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Hayley Hutchings
- Swansea Trials Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Kym Carter
- Swansea Trials Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Daniel Tod
- Swansea Trials Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Fergus Gracey
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Alec Knight
- King's Undergraduate Medical Education in the Community (KUMEC), Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Centre for Education, GKT School of Medical Education, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew H Kemp
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
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Wen J, Fang Y, Su Z, Cai J, Chen Z. Mental health and its influencing factors of maintenance hemodialysis patients: a semi-structured interview study. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:84. [PMID: 36978141 PMCID: PMC10054072 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is a commonly used renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease patients. MHD patients have undergone multiple physiological stressors, which may cause physical problems and affect their mental health; however, few qualitative studies have been done on the mental health of MHD patients. Such qualitative research becomes the basis for further quantitative research and is critical to validating its results. Therefore, the current qualitative study used a semi-structured interview format, and aimed to explore the mental health and its influencing factors of MHD patients who are not receiving intervention treatment to determine how best to ameliorate their mental health. METHODS Based on the application of Grounded Theory, semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with 35 MHD patients, following consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ) guidelines. Two indicators (emotional state and well-being) were used to assess MHD patients' mental health. All interviews were recorded, after which two researchers independently performed data analyses using NVivo. RESULTS Acceptance of disease, complications, stress and coping styles, and social support were found to be the influencing factors of MHD patients' mental health. High acceptance of disease, healthy coping styles, and high social support were positively correlated with mental health. In contrast, low acceptance of disease, multiple complications, increased stress, and unhealthy coping styles were negatively correlated with mental health. CONCLUSION One's acceptance of the disease played a more significant role than other factors in affecting MHD patients' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
- Hemodialysis Center, Zhanlanlu Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhongyan Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Jimin Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Zhiyan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Mead J, Gibbs K, Fisher Z, Kemp AH. What's next for wellbeing science? Moving from the Anthropocene to the Symbiocene. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1087078. [PMID: 36874837 PMCID: PMC9982109 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1087078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mead
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Gibbs
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Fisher
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom.,Health and Wellbeing Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Haddon Kemp
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom.,Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
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Magare I, Graham MA, Eloff I. An Assessment of the Reliability and Validity of the PERMA Well-Being Scale for Adult Undergraduate Students in an Open and Distance Learning Context. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16886. [PMID: 36554766 PMCID: PMC9779166 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The PERMA well-being scale measures the multidimensionality of well-being in human populations. It highlights positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment. Despite the empirical advancement and evolution of the PERMA scale in different settings, its applicability to open and distance learning (ODL) has not been adequately established among undergraduate students in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODOLOGY Our study examines the theoretical reliability, validity, and five-factor structure of the shortened 35-item version of the PERMA well-being scale as it was adapted in an ODL tertiary institution in Botswana. The PERMA model of well-being and self-determination theory (SDT) served as theoretical frameworks. We evaluated the adapted PERMA scale's reliability, construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis, and measures of invariance to assess if the data of undergraduate students in an ODL context study fitted the PERMA model of a well-being five-factor structure. We used a multi-stage sampling scheme incorporating a convenience sampling approach where the respondents were invited to voluntarily participate in the study through a WhatsApp group, followed by snowball sampling where we asked the participants to add others to the WhatsApp group during the timeline of the survey; the sample comprised 215 respondents (age: mean = 38.17, standard deviation = 6.472). We collected data from former and active undergraduate B.Ed. (Bachelor of Education) degree students from five regional campuses of the open university through an online survey built into the Qualtrics platform. The Cronbach's alpha indicated that one item should be removed from the engagement domain. RESULTS The overall adapted scale retained a 34-item PERMA well-being scale in the particular ODL context. The goodness of fit indices confirmed the five-domain structure with the 34 items. CONCLUSIONS The psychometric properties of the 34-item adapted PERMA well-being scale suggest that it can be a valuable and feasible instrument in ODL in sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, the adapted scale can be applied in educational settings moving towards open and distance e-learning forms of delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishmael Magare
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Marien Alet Graham
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Irma Eloff
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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Wilkie L, Fisher Z, Kemp AH. The Complex Construct of Wellbeing and the Role of Vagal Function. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:925664. [PMID: 35875509 PMCID: PMC9301262 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.925664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lowri Wilkie
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Fisher
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Health and Wellbeing Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew H. Kemp
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
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12
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Effects of animal-assisted psychotherapy incorporating mindfulness and self-compassion in neurorehabilitation: a randomized controlled feasibility trial. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10898. [PMID: 35764668 PMCID: PMC9240064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14584-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transdiagnostic psychotherapeutic approaches are increasingly used in neurorehabilitation to address psychological distress. Animal-assistance is thought to increase efficacy. The present study evaluates a psychotherapeutic mindfulness- and self-compassion-based group intervention (MSCBI) with and without animal-assistance for patients with acquired brain injury. Patients (N = 31) were randomly assigned to the 6-week intervention with (n = 14) or without animal-assistance (n = 17). Primary outcome was psychological distress at post- and follow-up treatment, secondary outcomes were changes within-session of patients’ emotional states, adherence to treatment and attrition. Psychological distress significantly decreased in both groups from pre- to follow-up treatment with no difference between groups. Patients in the animal-assisted MSCBI group reported significantly higher increases in feeling secure, accepted, comforted, grateful, motivated and at ease during the sessions compared to patients in the MSCBI group without animal-assistance. Adherence to sessions was significantly higher in the animal-assisted MSCBI group. Attrition did not significantly differ between groups. Our results show that both MSCBIs with and without animal-assistance are feasible and effective in reducing psychological distress in patients with acquired brain injury. The significant changes within-sessions mainly in relationship-based emotional states and the higher treatment adherence suggest additional effects of animal-assistance. Animal-assistance might increase acceptability and patients’ commitment to psychotherapy.
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13
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Gibbs K, Wilkie L, Jarman J, Barker-Smith A, Kemp AH, Fisher Z. Riding the wave into wellbeing: A qualitative evaluation of surf therapy for individuals living with acquired brain injury. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266388. [PMID: 35390052 PMCID: PMC8989185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature has long demonstrated the capacity to facilitate wellbeing. Interventions involving the natural environment such as surf therapy, are increasingly being used to facilitate aspects of wellbeing in clinical populations. However, explorations of how nature-based interventions such as surf therapy may be used to promote wellbeing in the context of neurorehabilitation are missing from the peer-reviewed literature. Here we characterize the experience of a five-week surfing intervention involving fifteen adults living with the psycho-social and cognitive sequelae of acquired brain injury. Insights were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, which highlighted the importance of seven overarching themes, including: 1) Connection to Nature, 2) Facilitating Trust and Safety, 3) Managing and Accepting Difficult Emotions, 4) Facilitating Positive Emotion, Meaning and Purpose, 5) Building Community through Social Connection, and 6) Positive Change. Barriers and opportunities (theme 7) were also identified as components on which clinical services may be improved. We present a theoretical model for the benefits of surf therapy in people living with acquired brain injury (ABI) based on these themes and reflections on findings from the wider literature. Findings emphasise the importance of leveraging community partnerships to augment the holistic model of neurorehabilitation and potential implications for service redesign are discussed, focusing on recent developments in wellbeing science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Gibbs
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Lowri Wilkie
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Jarman
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail Barker-Smith
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew H. Kemp
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Fisher
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Health and Wellbeing Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
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14
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Kemp AH, Fisher Z. Wellbeing, Whole Health and Societal Transformation: Theoretical Insights and Practical Applications. Glob Adv Health Med 2022; 11:21649561211073077. [PMID: 35096491 PMCID: PMC8796073 DOI: 10.1177/21649561211073077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Society faces several major interrelated challenges which have an increasingly profound impact on global health including inequalities, inequities, chronic disease and the climate catastrophe. We argue here that a focus on the determinants of wellbeing across multiple domains offers under-realised potential for promoting the ‘whole health’ of individuals, communities and nature. Here, we review recent theoretical innovations that have laid the foundations for our own theoretical model of wellbeing – the GENIAL framework – which explicitly links health to wellbeing, broadly defined. We emphasise key determinants across multiple levels of scale spanning the individual, community and environmental levels, providing opportunities for positive change that is either constrained or facilitated by a host of sociostructural factors lying beyond the immediate control of the individual (e.g. social cohesion and health-related inequities can either promote or adversely impact on wellbeing, respectively). Following this, we show how the GENIAL theoretical framework has been applied to various populations including university students and people living with neurological disorders, with a focus on acquired brain injury. The wider implication of our work is discussed in terms of its contribution to the understanding of ‘whole health’ as well as laying the foundations for a ‘whole systems’ approach to improving health and wellbeing in a just and sustainable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Kemp
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea UK
| | - Zoe Fisher
- Regional Neuropsychology and Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea UK
- Health and Wellbeing Academy, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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15
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Gibson B, Umeh K, Davies I, Newson L. The best possible self-intervention as a viable public health tool for the prevention of type 2 diabetes: A reflexive thematic analysis of public experience and engagement. Health Expect 2021; 24:1713-1724. [PMID: 34258837 PMCID: PMC8483206 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Public health initiatives seek to modify lifestyle behaviours associated with risk (e.g., diet, exercise, and smoking), but underpinning psychological and affective processes must also be considered to maximize success. Objective This study aimed to qualitatively assess how participants engaged with and utilized the best possible self (BPS)‐intervention specifically as a type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevention tool. Design and Methods Fourteen participants engaged with a tailored BPS intervention. Reflexive thematic analysis analysed accounts of participant's experiences and feasibility of use. Results All participants submitted evidence of engagement with the intervention. The analysis considered two main themes: Holistic Health and Control. The analysis highlighted several nuanced ways in which individuals conceptualized their health, set goals, and received affective benefits, offering insights into how people personalized a simple intervention to meet their health needs. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study to tailor the BPS intervention as a public health application for the prevention of T2D. The intervention enabled users to identify their best possible selves in a way that encouraged T2D preventive behaviours. We propose that our tailored BPS intervention could be a flexible and brief tool to assist public health efforts in encouraging change to aid T2D prevention. Public Contribution The format, language and application of the BPS intervention were adapted in response to a public consultation group that developed a version specifically for application in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gibson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - Kanayo Umeh
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - Ian Davies
- School of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - Lisa Newson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
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16
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Mead JP, Fisher Z, Tree JJ, Wong PTP, Kemp AH. Protectors of Wellbeing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Key Roles for Gratitude and Tragic Optimism in a UK-Based Cohort. Front Psychol 2021; 12:647951. [PMID: 34305717 PMCID: PMC8295471 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.647951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented a global threat to physical and mental health worldwide. Research has highlighted adverse impacts of COVID-19 on wellbeing but has yet to offer insights as to how wellbeing may be protected. Inspired by developments in wellbeing science and guided by our own theoretical framework (the GENIAL model), we examined the role of various potentially protective factors in a sample of 138 participants from the United Kingdom. Protective factors included physical activity (i.e., a health behaviour that helps to build psychological wellbeing), tragic optimism (optimism in the face of tragedy), gratitude (a prosocial emotion), social support (the perception or experience of being loved, cared for, and valued by others), and nature connectedness (physical and psychological connection to nature). Initial analysis involved the application of one-sample t-tests, which confirmed that wellbeing (measured by the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being scale) in the current sample (N = 138; M = 46.08, SD = 9.22) was significantly lower compared to previous samples (d = -0.36 and d = -0.41). Protective factors were observed to account for up to 50% of variance in wellbeing in a hierarchical linear regression that controlled for a range of sociostructural factors including age, gender, and subjective social status, which impact on wellbeing but lie beyond individual control. Gratitude and tragic optimism emerged as significant contributors to the model. Our results identify key psychological attributes that may be harnessed through various positive psychology strategies to mitigate the adverse impacts of hardship and suffering, consistent with an existential positive psychology of suffering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P. Mead
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Fieldbay, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Fisher
- Fieldbay, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Traumatic Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Health and Wellbeing Academy, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy J. Tree
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Paul T. P. Wong
- Department of Psychology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew H. Kemp
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Traumatic Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
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17
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Mead J, Fisher Z, Kemp AH. Moving Beyond Disciplinary Silos Towards a Transdisciplinary Model of Wellbeing: An Invited Review. Front Psychol 2021; 12:642093. [PMID: 34054648 PMCID: PMC8160439 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.642093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The construct of wellbeing has been criticised as a neoliberal construction of western individualism that ignores wider systemic issues such as inequality and anthropogenic climate change. Accordingly, there have been increasing calls for a broader conceptualisation of wellbeing. Here we impose an interpretative framework on previously published literature and theory, and present a theoretical framework that brings into focus the multifaceted determinants of wellbeing and their interactions across multiple domains and levels of scale. We define wellbeing as positive psychological experience, promoted by connections to self, community and environment, supported by healthy vagal function, all of which are impacted by socio-contextual factors that lie beyond the control of the individual. By emphasising the factors within and beyond the control of the individual and highlighting how vagal function both affects and are impacted by key domains, the biopsychosocial underpinnings of wellbeing are explicitly linked to a broader context that is consistent with, yet complementary to, multi-levelled ecological systems theory. Reflecting on the reciprocal relationships between multiple domains, levels of scale and related social contextual factors known to impact on wellbeing, our GENIAL framework may provide a foundation for a transdisciplinary science of wellbeing that has the potential to promote the wellbeing of individuals while also playing a key role in tackling major societal challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mead
- Department of Psychology, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Fieldbay, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Fisher
- Fieldbay, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Health and Wellbeing Academy, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew H. Kemp
- Department of Psychology, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
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18
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Wilkie L, Arroyo P, Conibeer H, Kemp AH, Fisher Z. The Impact of Psycho-Social Interventions on the Wellbeing of Individuals With Acquired Brain Injury During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:648286. [PMID: 33841287 PMCID: PMC8027334 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) suffer chronic impairment across cognitive, physical and psycho-social domains, and the experience of anxiety, isolation and apathy has been amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative evaluation was conducted of 14 individuals with ABI who had participated in series of COVID adapted group-based intervention(s) that had been designed to improve wellbeing. Eight themes were identified: Facilitating Safety, Fostering Positive Emotion, Managing and Accepting Difficult Emotions, Promoting Meaning, Finding Purpose and Accomplishment, Facilitating Social Ties, (Re)Connecting to Nature, and Barriers to Efficacy. Findings are discussed with respects to recent theoretical developments in positive psychology and wellbeing science and support the use of online and outdoor interventions to enhance wellbeing in individuals living with ABI during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper makes a unique contribution to second wave positive psychology (PP2.0) through the application of recent advances in wellbeing science to an ABI population during the COVID-19 pandemic. In doing so, this paper lays the foundation for new interventions that not only reduce impairment and distress, but also create opportunities for meaning and enhanced wellbeing in people living with chronic conditions and those individuals living with ABI in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lowri Wilkie
- Department of Psychology, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Arroyo
- Department of Psychology, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Harley Conibeer
- Department of Psychology, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Haddon Kemp
- Department of Psychology, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe Fisher
- Community Brain Injury Service, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Health and Wellbeing Academy, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
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19
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Edwards DJ, Kemp AH. A novel ACT-based video game to support mental health through embedded learning: a mixed-methods feasibility study protocol. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e041667. [PMID: 33199427 PMCID: PMC7670940 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, serious video games have been used to promote emotional regulation in individuals with mental health issues. Although these therapeutic strategies are innovative, they are limited with respect to scope of treatment, often focusing on specific cognitive skills, to help remediate a specific mental health disorder. OBJECTIVE Here, we propose a protocol for assessing the feasibility of a novel acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based video game for young adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Medical Research Council (MRC) framework will be used for developing a complex intervention to design and test the feasibility of an ACT-based video game intervention using a mixed-methods approach involving qualitative and quantitative data. The primary outcomes will include feasibility testing of recruitment processes and the acceptability of the intervention through qualitative interviews, attendance and rates of attrition. Secondary outcomes will involve a series of quantitative questionnaires to obtain effect sizes for power analysis, allowing for the ideal sample size for an appropriately powered, randomised controlled trial to be determined. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been approved by the Psychology Department Research Ethics Committee (2020-4929-3923) at Swansea University in the UK. Dissemination activities will involve publications in peer-reviewed journals, presentations at local and national conferences and promotion through social media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04566042.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren J Edwards
- Department of Public Health, Policy, and Social Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Andrew H Kemp
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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