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Chen Y, Liang H, Jiang H. Cybervictimization and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Chinese College Students: an Exploration Through the Lens of Experiential Avoidance Model. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:3133-3145. [PMID: 39280036 PMCID: PMC11401518 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s476657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a growing public health concern among college students, with cybervictimization (CV) emerging as a significant contributing factor. Grounded in the experiential avoidance theory, this study investigates the mediating roles of cognitive fusion and negative emotions in the relationship between CV and NSSI, providing new insights into these key variables. Methods A convenience sample of 457 undergraduate students (29% male; mean age 18.36±0.66 years) from two universities in Fujian Province participated in this study. Data were collected using the Cyberbullying Victimization Scale, Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Scale. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted using SPSS 25.0, while the mediating effects were analyzed using Process 3.5. Results (1) Significant positive correlations were found among CV, cognitive fusion, negative emotions, and NSSI (p < 0.01). (2) CV was directly associated with NSSI (β = 0.22, p < 0.001) and positively predicted both cognitive fusion (β = 0.17, p < 0.001) and negative emotions (β = 0.15, p < 0.01). Additionally, cognitive fusion (β = 0.16, p < 0.01) and negative emotions (β = 0.11, p < 0.05) significantly predicted NSSI. (3) Mediation analyses revealed that cognitive fusion and negative emotions mediated the CV-NSSI relationship through three pathways: CV→cognitive fusion→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.026), CV→negative emotions→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.02), and CV→cognitive fusion→negative emotions→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.01). Conclusion The study confirms that CV influences NSSI indirectly through cognitive fusion and negative emotions, supporting the experiential avoidance model. These findings underscore the importance of addressing cognitive and emotional processes in interventions aimed at reducing NSSI among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- School of Arts and Child Education, Yango University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Liang
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaibin Jiang
- School of Education, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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Morales-Arjona I, Benítez-Hidalgo V, Ruiz-Pérez I, Higueras-Callejón C, Pastor-Moreno G. Cyberbullying and Suicidal Behavior, Self-Harm, and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2024. [PMID: 39207253 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2024.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Aim: Identify and systematically review cohort studies examining the association between cyberbullying (CB) and suicidal ideation, attempted suicide, self-harm, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). Methods: Systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines. Searches for relevant literature were conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, PsyINFO, CINAHL, Embase, and Cochrane up until July 2023. Cohort studies were included that provided information regarding the association between CB and different dimensions pertaining to self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB) separately. Gathered information included data on study characteristics, sample characteristics, prevalence, and associations between CB and variables pertaining to SITB. Findings were synthesized, and grouping studies as a function of the outcome variable was analyzed. Results: A total of 19 studies were included. Suicidal ideation was analyzed in 11 studies, with the majority (n = 8) reporting statistically significant positive associations (aOR = 1.88 [1.08, 3.29], β = 0.08 to 0.47). Only a single study conducted independent analysis of attempted suicide, finding a statistically significant association (aOR 1.88 [1.08, 3.29]). Outcomes regarding the self-harm variable were equivocal, with only two out of five studies finding a statistically significant association and one of these, which conducted a gender differentiated analysis, only finding a significant association in females. Studies that considered the NSSI dimension were also inconclusive, with only a limited number of studies (n = 5) producing contradictory outcomes. Conclusion: There is a need to continue exploring the relationship between CB and different dimensions within the spectrum of SITB through longitudinal studies. It is recommended that analyses adopt a new perspective in which short-term follow-up is prioritized or individualized follow-up periods are considered, given the rapidly changing nature of suicidal tendencies. It would be interesting to analyze the frequency, persistence, or severity of CB events and broaden research to include all age ranges. Special attention should also be given to potential gender differences and possible mediators or moderators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabel Ruiz-Pérez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | | | - Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
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Predescu E, Calugar I, Sipos R. Cyberbullying and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) in Adolescence: Exploring Moderators and Mediators through a Systematic Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:410. [PMID: 38671626 PMCID: PMC11049228 DOI: 10.3390/children11040410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
(1) Objective: This systematic review explores the intricate relationship between cyberbullying and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents, acknowledging the dynamic nature of these phenomena in the evolving landscape of technology and social norms. (2) Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched, and 14 studies were selected based on the eligibility criteria, focusing on participants aged 10 to 19, cyberbullying roles, and NSSI as the predictor and outcome variables, respectively. (3) Results: Internalizing symptoms, specifically depression and anxiety, emerged as the most prominent mediators. However, factors such as externalizing symptoms, stress, and negative emotional responses (emotion reactivity, negative emotions) were also identified to play a significant role in the relationship between cyberbullying and NSSI. On the other hand, protective factors against the negative impact of cyberbullying on NSSI risk, such as strong peer connections and school engagement, were identified. (4) Discussions: This review underscores the multidimensional nature of the cyberbullying-NSSI association, emphasizing the roles of potential risk factors such as internalizing and externalizing symptoms, stress, and negative emotional response. Internalizing symptoms played a central role as pathways between cyberbullying victimization and NSSI. Additionally, social factors, including peer connections and school engagement, were found to act as protective elements. (4) Conclusion: Continuous investigation is crucial in order to adapt interventions to the evolving technological and social landscape. The study advocates for targeted interventions that prioritize positive social connections to mitigate the impact of cyberbullying on adolescent well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Predescu
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Pediatric Psychiatry, “IuliuHatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street No. 57, 400489 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Iulia Calugar
- Clinic of Pediatric Psychiatry and Addiction, Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 400489 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Sipos
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Pediatric Psychiatry, “IuliuHatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street No. 57, 400489 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Li Y, Lin S, Han Y, Sheng J, Wang L, Yang X, Chen J. Cybervictimization and nonsuicidal self-injury: The mediating role of depressive symptoms and the moderating role of emotional reactivity. J Adolesc 2023; 95:1106-1115. [PMID: 37089045 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) has garnered growing attention in recent years, and cybervictimization (CV) has been identified as a risk factor for NSSI among adolescents. However, little is known about this association's longitudinal mediating and moderating mechanisms. Guided by the experiential avoidance model, the present study used a short longitudinal design to examine the mediating role of depressive symptoms and the moderating role of emotional reactivity between CV and NSSI. METHODS A total of 577 Chinese middle school students (Mage = 14.38, SD = 0.67) completed the measures of CV, NSSI, depressive symptoms, and emotional reactivity. They provided data in two waves (T1 and T2, 6 months apart). RESULTS The results found a longitudinal association between CV and NSSI as well as the mediating role of depressive symptoms. Moreover, emotional reactivity amplified the relationship between CV and NSSI via depressive symptoms; specifically, the relationship between depressive symptoms and NSSI was only significant for adolescents with high emotional reactivity. CONCLUSION The current study has found that emotional reactivity moderated the indirect effect of depressive symptoms on the relationship between CV and NSSI. These findings have implications for the identification and intervention of NSSI in early adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Lin
- School of Educational Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingchun Han
- Teacher Education College of Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Sheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueling Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Lu X, Zhang M, Zhang J. The relationship between social support and Internet addiction among Chinese college freshmen: A mediated moderation model. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1031566. [PMID: 36687930 PMCID: PMC9854806 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1031566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Internet addiction has become a worldwide mental health problem, and this problem is particularly prominent in China. Although current studies have shown that social support is closely related to Internet addiction, the mechanism of the relationship between the two is not clear at present. This study aimed to find out the influencing factors and the mechanism of Internet addiction among college freshmen, and to form scientific prevention and intervention plan on this basis. Method This study adopts the cluster sampling method to select 322 college freshmen in a typical postsecondary school in Shandong Province, using Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and Network-related Maladaptive Cognition Scale (NRMCS) to investigate the relationship between social support, network-related maladaptive cognition, gender, and the degree of Internet addiction. Results The findings of this study are as follows: (1) After controlling age and family location, social support had a significant negative predictive effect on Internet addiction; (2) Gender acted as a moderator between the relationship of social support and Internet addiction; and (3) Additionally, the moderating effect of gender was completely mediated by network-related maladaptive cognition. Conclusion There is a mediated moderating effect between social support and Internet addiction. That is, gender plays a moderating role between social support and Internet addiction, and this moderating effect is mediated by network maladaptive cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Lu
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Jingqiu Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Lu X, Zhang M, Zhang J. The relationship between social support and Internet addiction among Chinese college freshmen: A mediated moderation model. Front Psychol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1031566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PurposeInternet addiction has become a worldwide mental health problem, and this problem is particularly prominent in China. Although current studies have shown that social support is closely related to Internet addiction, the mechanism of the relationship between the two is not clear at present. This study aimed to find out the influencing factors and the mechanism of Internet addiction among college freshmen, and to form scientific prevention and intervention plan on this basis.MethodThis study adopts the cluster sampling method to select 322 college freshmen in a typical postsecondary school in Shandong Province, using Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and Network-related Maladaptive Cognition Scale (NRMCS) to investigate the relationship between social support, network-related maladaptive cognition, gender, and the degree of Internet addiction.ResultsThe findings of this study are as follows: (1) After controlling age and family location, social support had a significant negative predictive effect on Internet addiction; (2) Gender acted as a moderator between the relationship of social support and Internet addiction; and (3) Additionally, the moderating effect of gender was completely mediated by network-related maladaptive cognition.ConclusionThere is a mediated moderating effect between social support and Internet addiction. That is, gender plays a moderating role between social support and Internet addiction, and this moderating effect is mediated by network maladaptive cognition.
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Cybervictimization and Depression among Adolescents: Coping Strategies as Mediators. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073903. [PMID: 35409586 PMCID: PMC8998103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown the relationships among cybervictimization, coping strategies, and depression, but no study has examined the mechanism that links the three variables. Accordingly, this study used the transactional model of stress and coping theory as a conceptual framework and proposed that coping strategies are mediators for the effects of cybervictimization on depression. A total of 387 adolescents were recruited by using the purposive sampling method. The results showed that cybervictimization is not directly associated with depression. All the coping strategies are found to be associated with cybervictimization, but only the avoidant coping strategy is the statistical mediator for the effects of cybervictimization on depression. This study’s findings suggest that the transactional model of stress and coping theory may provide a framework in the area of cyberbullying and recommend more actions to be taken in order to reduce the use of avoidance coping strategies among victims of cyberbullying.
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Zhang Y, Suo X, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Yang M, Qian L, Shang L, Zhang D, Xu F, Li W. The Relationship Between Negative Life Events and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Chinese Adolescents: A Moderated-Mediation Model. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:2881-2890. [PMID: 36540672 PMCID: PMC9760044 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s386179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate whether anxiety mediates the relationship between negative life events and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents and whether this mediating role is moderated through social support. METHODS The model consisted of an anonymous questionnaire survey of 506 Chinese adolescents (253 boys and 253 girls, mean age 15.11 years (SD = 1.83, range 11-18 years)). Self-designed questionnaires were used to collect demographic data. The frequency of NSSI, state anxiety, and social support degree of adolescents was assessed by the Adolescent Life Events Scale, the Chinese version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the social support scale, respectively. RESULTS Negative life events were significantly and positively correlated with anxiety and the frequency of NSSI, and anxiety was significantly and positively correlated with the frequency of NSSI. The positive association between negative life events and the frequency of NSSI among adolescents was mediated by anxiety after controlling for demographic variables. Furthermore, this mediated relationship was moderated by social support. CONCLUSION Anxiety was a potential mechanism linking negative life events to NSSI in adolescents and low social support important risk factor for amplifying this indirect effect. Our findings provide an empirical basis for reducing NSSI in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingbo Suo
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuebing Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenshuai Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglan Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Liju Qian
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Luning Shang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, People's Republic of China
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Ye B, Hu J, Xiao G, Zhang Y, Liu M, Wang X, Yang Q, Xia F. Access to Epidemic Information and Life Satisfaction under the Period of COVID-19: the Mediating Role of Perceived Stress and the Moderating Role of Friendship Quality. APPLIED RESEARCH IN QUALITY OF LIFE 2021; 17:1227-1245. [PMID: 34226843 PMCID: PMC8245917 DOI: 10.1007/s11482-021-09957-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study mainly focused on college students amidst the COVID-19 outbreak and aimed to develop and examine a moderated mediation model between access to epidemic information and life satisfaction. Friendship quality as a moderator, and perceived stress as a mediator. A sample of 1032 college students participated in this study and completed questionnaires regarding access to epidemic information, perceived stress, friendship quality, and life satisfaction. Findings indicated that 1) access to epidemic information was strongly related to life satisfaction; 2) perceived stress acts as a mediator in the positive relationship between access to epidemic information and life satisfaction; 3) friendship quality moderated the relationship between access to epidemic information and perceived stress as well as perceived stress and life satisfaction, and such that there was a stronger association between access to epidemic information and perceived stress for college students with high friendship quality. But the relationship between perceived stress and life satisfaction became weaker for college students with high friendship quality. The results illuminate the mechanism to theoretical and practical implications for improving college students' life satisfaction during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojuan Ye
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Aven ue, Nanchang, 330022 China
| | - Jing Hu
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Aven ue, Nanchang, 330022 China
| | - Gensen Xiao
- University High School, 4771 Campus Dr, Irvine, CA 92612 USA
| | - Yanzhen Zhang
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
| | - Mingfan Liu
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Aven ue, Nanchang, 330022 China
| | - Xinqiang Wang
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Aven ue, Nanchang, 330022 China
| | - Qiang Yang
- School of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang, 330022 China
| | - Fei Xia
- School of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang, 330022 China
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