1
|
Stiglbauer B, Penz M. Information as a resource: Can perceived information process quality in the workplace contribute to more optimism in times of crisis? Stress Health 2024:e3457. [PMID: 39106084 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Against the background of Job Demands-Resources and Conservation of Resources theory and research on organizational communication, this prospective study among n = 312 employees explores the significant role of perceived information process quality (PIPQ) in enhancing employees' optimism during the COVID-19 pandemic. It thereby contributes to a deeper understanding of the factors influencing employee optimism in challenging contexts. In this study, PIPQ is defined by the availability of timely information, clarity, and consistency in the information provided. Results from latent change score modelling revealed that employees who experienced high PIPQ, particularly consistent information, reported feeling more optimistic about work-related aspects and also experienced spillover effects into their private lives. Notably, both consistency in information prior to the pandemic and increases in consistent information during the pandemic demonstrated this beneficial effect. Moreover, timely available information also positively influenced optimism, especially regarding work-related aspects. However, the study did not find evidence that clarity in information significantly affected optimism. In summary, the findings underscore the importance of accessible and consistent information as a vital resource for employees' ability to navigate crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marlene Penz
- Institute of Psychology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bogaert L, Hallford D, Loyen E, D'Argembeau A, Raes F. Recalling and anticipating positive events to improve the positive affect and mental health of adolescents: A cluster randomized controlled trial in secondary schools. Behav Res Ther 2024; 179:104543. [PMID: 38744140 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This cluster randomized controlled trial examined the effectiveness of Positive Events Training (PET), a combined group training aimed at simultaneously improving positive autobiographical memory (AM) and episodic future thinking (EFT) among adolescents (12-16 years). Delivered as a universal school-based program, PET was compared with an active (creative writing) control group (CREAT). Effects on resilience, wellbeing, positive emotions, emotional response styles towards positive emotions (savoring, dampening), anhedonia, depressive symptoms, and multiple AM and EFT indices were examined. Adolescents (NPET = 95, NCREAT = 93) completed self-report scales at baseline, post-training and two-month follow-up. Multilevel models revealed that PET led to significant improvements in certain AM and EFT skills. Moreover, a decrease in anhedonia was observed at post-training. However, this effect did not withstand correction for multiple testing. Absence of changes in the other outcomes should be interpreted within the context of the universal school-based approach and the potential limited scope for detectable changes. Exploratory analyses suggest the importance of further investigating PET's potential in addressing positive affect dysregulations in indicated samples, and exploring perceived likelihood of generated future events and dampening as potential underlying mechanisms. Study limitations and future directions to maximize the demonstrated potential of PET are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Bogaert
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Child and Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - D Hallford
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Road, Geelong, Australia
| | - E Loyen
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Child and Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - A D'Argembeau
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - F Raes
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Child and Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wei L, Huang Q. Retrospecting Digital Media Use, Negative Emotions, and Trust Gaps During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e49422. [PMID: 38986127 PMCID: PMC11269966 DOI: 10.2196/49422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retrospecting the trust gaps and their dynamics during the pandemic is crucial for understanding the root causes of postpandemic challenges and offers valuable insights into preparing for future public health emergencies. The COVID-19 pandemic eroded people's trust in strangers and acquaintances, while their trust in family members remained relatively stable. This resulted in 2 trust gaps, namely, the family members-strangers trust gap and the family members-acquaintances trust gap. Widening trust gaps impede social integration and undermine the effective management of public health crises. However, little is known about how digital media use shaped trust gaps during a pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the relationships between digital media use, negative emotions, the family members-strangers trust gap, and the family members-acquaintances trust gap during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. We test the mediating role of negative emotions between digital media use and 2 trust gaps and compare the indirect effect of digital media use on 2 trust gaps through negative emotions. METHODS A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in China between January 31, 2020, and February 9, 2020. A total of 1568 adults participated in the survey. Questions related to digital media use, negative emotions, trust in family members, trust in acquaintances, and trust in strangers during the pandemic were asked. Regression analyses were performed to test the associations between the examined variables. We used a 95% bootstrap CI approach to estimate the mediation effects. RESULTS Digital media use was positively associated with negative emotions (B=0.17, SE 0.03; P<.001), which in turn were positively associated with the family members-strangers trust gap (B=0.15, SE 0.03; P<.001). Likewise, digital media use was positively associated with negative emotions (B=0.17, SE 0.03; P<.001), while negative emotions were positively associated with the family members-acquaintances trust gap (B=0.08, SE 0.03; P=.01). Moreover, the indirect effect of digital media use on the family members-strangers trust gap (B=0.03, SE 0.01; 95% CI 0.01-0.04) was stronger than that on the family members-acquaintances trust gap (B=0.01, SE 0.01; 95% CI 0.003-0.027). CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that negative emotions resulting from the frequent use of digital media are a key factor that accounts for the widening trust gaps. Considering the increasing reliance on digital media, the findings indicate that the appropriate use of digital media can prevent the overamplification of negative emotions and curb the enlargement of trust gaps. This may help restore social trust and prepare for future public health crises in the postpandemic era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wei
- School of Journalism and Communication, Communication University of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- International Communication Institute, College of Media and International Culture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Huang
- International Communication Institute, College of Media and International Culture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wen JH, Klaiber P, Leger KA, Hill PL, Pfund GN, Slavish DC, DeLongis A, Sin NL. Nightly Sleep Predicts Next-Morning Expectations for Stress and Positive Experiences. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:261-271. [PMID: 38513143 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abundant research has linked nightly sleep as an antecedent of daily psychosocial experiences; however, less is known about sleep's influence on daily expectations of these experiences. Therefore, this research examined the day-to-day associations of sleep quality, duration, and efficiency with next-day expectations for stress(ors) and positive experiences, as well as whether these expectations were related to end-of-day reports of physical symptoms. METHODS In Study 1, U.S. adults ( n = 354; ages 19 to 74) completed twice-daily diaries for 10 weekdays about sleep, expectations for encountering daily stressors and positive events, and physical symptoms. In Study 2, adults in Canada ( n = 246; ages 25 to 87) wore a sleep watch for 14 consecutive days and completed mobile surveys 5×/day about sleep, stressfulness and pleasantness expectations, and physical symptoms. RESULTS Multilevel models indicated that self-reported sleep quality and duration, but not efficiency, were associated with lower next-day expectations for stressors (Study 1) and stressfulness (Study 2). Self-reported sleep quality (Study 1) and all sleep indices (Study 2) predicted greater next-day expectations for positive events and pleasantness, respectively. For actigraphy-assessed sleep (Study 2), only longer-than-usual actigraphic sleep duration was associated with lower stressfulness expectations, whereas both sleep duration and efficiency were positively linked with daily pleasantness expectations. Only pleasantness expectations (Study 2)-but not daily stressfulness and event expectations (Study 1)-predicted end-of-day physical symptoms. CONCLUSION Findings suggest the importance of sleep on expectations of next-day stress and positive experiences, of which may have implications for daily physical health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin H Wen
- From the Department of Psychology (Wen, DeLongis, Sin), The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Developmental Psychology (Klaiber), Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology (Leger), The University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences (Hill), Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Medical Social Sciences (Pfund), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois; and Department of Psychology, University of North Texas (Slavish), Denton, Texas
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Predatu P, David D, Kirsch I, Florean S, Predatu R. Reciprocal relationships between positive expectancies and positive emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-lagged panel study. Psychol Health 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38616530 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2341874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous research highlighted the importance of investigating distinct protective factors that predict the experience of positive emotions during stressful situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In this longitudinal study, we specifically focused on positive expectancies towards the future (optimism, response expectancy, and response hope) in relation to the experience of positive emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our primary objectives were to identify the best predictors for experiencing short-term and long-term positive emotions and investigate their interrelationships. METHODS Data from 271 participants (average age = 29.2 years, 84.7% female) were analyzed using four cross-lagged models. RESULTS Results showed that response expectancy was the best predictor for experiencing positive emotions in the short term, while optimism was the best predictor for experiencing positive emotions in the long term. Additionally, through further exploratory analysis, multiple bidirectional relationships were identified between positive expectancies and positive emotions. DISCUSSION Our results highlight the significant role played by positive expectancies in predicting the experience of positive emotions. Specifically, dispositional optimism emerged as a stronger predictor of longer-term positive emotions, whereas response expectancy proved to be a better predictor of shorter-term positive emotions. Thus, interventions targeting positive expectancies have the potential to enhance emotional functioning in individuals during challenging situations like the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petronela Predatu
- International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Evidence Based Psychological Assessment and Interventions Doctoral School, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniel David
- International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Irving Kirsch
- Program in Placebo Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stelian Florean
- International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Răzvan Predatu
- International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen ST, Yang CH, Hyun J, Ku PW. The association between morning pleasant anticipation and daily positive incidental affect on adults' daily steps: An ecological momentary assessment study. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2024; 70:102561. [PMID: 37951452 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between morning pleasant anticipation (i.e., how pleasant will the day be?) and daily positive incidental affect (PIA, e.g., feeling enjoyable, energetic) on daily steps as measured by ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and accelerometry. METHODS A total of 152 adults in Taiwan (female = 67.1 %, age range = 18-59, M = 24.97) completed smartphone-based surveys upon waking and at three quasi-random times during the day for seven days during the COVID-19 outbreak (February-July 2022). They also wore accelerometers for the same seven days to measure physical activity (daily steps). The morning survey asked participants to self-report pleasant anticipation throughout the day, and the three quasi-random time surveys assessed current PIA. Multilevel modeling was used to examine day-level associations between morning pleasant anticipation, PIA, and daily steps. A list of key covariates (i.e., age, sex, educational attainment, marital status, living arrangement, chronic disease, body mass index [BMI], smoking, drinking, wellbeing, daily sleep quality, daily sleep hours, and accelerometer wear time) were included in the models to adjust for the covariates' potential effects on the study outcomes. RESULTS The study sample consisted of 989 morning observations and 2714 quasi-random time observations (EMA response rate = 87.01 %). Findings suggest that higher-than-usual levels of pleasant anticipation in the morning were significantly associated with more same-day daily steps (b = 0.03, SD = 0.01, p = .03) after adjusting for covariates. In addition, daily PIA was a significant moderator between morning pleasant anticipation and daily steps (b = 0.02, SD = 0.01, p < .01), such that higher levels of daily PIA were associated with greater increases in daily steps in response to higher levels of morning pleasant anticipation. CONCLUSION On days when participants had higher levels of pleasant anticipation in the morning, they took more steps per day. In addition, the association between morning pleasant anticipation and steps per day was stronger on days when participants had higher levels of PIA. These findings have practical implications for future EMA studies investigating the "anticipatory" affective processes on movement behaviors with the goal of promoting physical activity in daily life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Ti Chen
- Department of Tourism, Recreation, and Leisure Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Exercise Science and TecHealth Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Jinshil Hyun
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA
| | - Po-Wen Ku
- Graduate Institute of Sports and Health Management, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan; Department of Kinesiology, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee S. Exploring the Role of Resilience and Optimism during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Older European Adults. Res Aging 2023; 45:643-653. [PMID: 36696282 PMCID: PMC9892883 DOI: 10.1177/01640275231152570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study examined how resilience and optimism were related to psychological well-being among older European adults during the early pandemic. The study used data sampled from the Eurofound COVID-19 survey conducted in 27 European countries during the first lockdown (April 2020). The study sample included 10,674 older adults (mean age = 69.71 ± 5.15, 68.6% women, 87.3% retired). Using structural equation modeling, the relationship between pandemic adversities, resilience, optimism, and well-being was investigated. Results indicated that resilience and optimism in part mediated the association between adversities and psychological well-being. Resilience and optimism have the potential to help older adults cope with stressful life events and other adversities. Future studies should more precisely explore the role of resilience and optimism, its formation, and the protective mechanisms that promote the psychological well-being of older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunwoo Lee
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wei J, Yun Z, Zhang Y, Mei X, Ba L, Peng H, Li N, Li M, Liu Z, Liu H. The status of e-learning, personality traits, and coping styles among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1239583. [PMID: 37817833 PMCID: PMC10561257 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1239583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to explore the learning preferences and habits of medical students during the pandemic home e-learning, and to investigate the incidence of adverse emotions, optimistic character level and coping style. To explore the influencing factors of adverse emotions. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in China from March to June 2022. Medical students were recruited from three universities in China, and a questionnaire survey was conducted. The questionnaires consisted of a "e-learning preferences and habits questionnaire", life orientation test questionnaire (LOT-R), and simple coping style questionnaire (SCSQ). Finally, a total of 492 medical students who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria became the research subjects and completed the survey. Results A total of 57.7% believed they experienced no adverse emotions during home e-learning. ① During the COVID-19 pandemic, the score of optimistic personality of medical students was (7.25 ± 1.933), and the score of pessimistic personality was (5.82 ± 2.240). The score of positive coping was (21.75 ± 5.379), and the score of negative coping was (11.75 ± 3.611). ② The occurrence of medical students' adverse emotions during e-learning was influenced by "Whether there is a private, quiet space to study", "Degree of knowledge mastery", "Physical discomfort or not", "Keep a regular schedule or not", "Optimistic personality tendency". Conclusion This study demonstrates the during home e-learning, most medical students have their own learning equipment and can meet their learning needs. Their favorite mobile device to use is a mobile phone, and their favorite method of teaching is to provide course playback. More than half of medical students believe that they have some inconvenience in conducting research during home e-learning. With regard to teacher's real-time screen, the largest number of medical students support teachers turning on live screens so that they feel like they are interacting with the teacher. The preference for blended teaching is highest among medical students. In general, medical students were highly adaptive of the newest e-learning approach. Based on the statistic analysis, the factors that "Whether there is a private, quiet space to study", "Degree of knowledge mastery", "Physical discomfort or not", "Keep a regular schedule or not", and "Optimistic personality tendency" may be the influencing factors for the occurrence of adverse emotions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junfan Wei
- The Seventh Clinical Medicine College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Yang Zhang
- The Seventh Clinical Medicine College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Mei
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Ba
- The Seventh Clinical Medicine College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huan Peng
- Nursing College of Fujian, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Nursing College of Fujian, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng Li
- Nursing Department of The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- The Seventh Clinical Medicine College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanjiao Liu
- The Seventh Clinical Medicine College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rafiei M, Mohammadi Z, Mohamadirizi S. The effect of "Narrative writing reflection" method on the hope of patient with COVID-19: A health promotion intervention. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:298. [PMID: 37849879 PMCID: PMC10578558 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1590_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corona virus disease disease as a life-threatening respiratory disease causes psychological problems including hopelessness in patients. So the aim of this study was to determine the effect of Narrative writing reflection on hope of patient with COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was experimental with a pre-test-post-test and with the control group design. The subjects were randomly divided into the intervention (n = 30) and control (n = 30) groups. The intervention group received Narrative writing reflection. The control group was receiving routine care. Before and after the intervention, the patients were asked to complete the 12-item Herth Hope Index. Data were analyzed with by using spss software and paired t test and independent t-test with a significance level of P < 0.05. RESULTS Independent t-test showed that the hope scores before intervention in both intervention and control groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05), whereas there was a significant difference between two groups after the intervention (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that the use of mindfulness methods such as narrative writing in hospitalized and quarantined patients who are unable to communicate with the outside environment could increase the hope in patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Rafiei
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zakyieh Mohammadi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahla Mohamadirizi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Waugh CE, Sali AW. Resilience as the Ability to Maintain Well-Being: An Allostatic Active Inference Model. J Intell 2023; 11:158. [PMID: 37623541 PMCID: PMC10455562 DOI: 10.3390/jintelligence11080158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Resilience is often characterized as the outcome of well-being maintenance despite threats to that well-being. We suggest that resilience can also be characterized as an emotional-intelligence-related ability to obtain this outcome. We formulate an allostatic active inference model that outlines the primary tools of this resilience ability as monitoring well-being, maintaining stable well-being beliefs while updating situational beliefs and flexibly prioritizing actions that are expected to lead to well-being maintenance or gathering the information needed to discern what those actions could be. This model helps to explain the role of positive emotions in resilience as well as how people high in resilience ability use regulatory flexibility in the service of maintaining well-being and provides a starting point for assessing resilience as an ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian E. Waugh
- Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA;
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rodrigues F, Morouço P, Santos T. Testing the Associations between Coping, Mental Health, and Satisfaction with Life in Portuguese Workers. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:1245-1256. [PMID: 37504483 PMCID: PMC10378365 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13070092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the relationships between coping strategies, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, and satisfaction with life among Portuguese workers. A sample of 402 participants (207 male, 195 female), ranging in age from 18 to 70 years (M = 32.90, SD = 11.75), was included in the study. Participants reported varying levels of work experience, ranging from 1 to 45 years (M = 10.62, SD = 4.07). The sample encompassed diverse occupations, including arts and design (n = 28), engineering (n = 23), marketing (n = 27), administration (n = 50), transportation and logistics (n = 57), clerks (n = 63), lawyers (n = 21), factory workers (n = 20), accountant and finance (n = 41), journalism (n = 27), health care (n = 29), and others (n = 16). To examine the associations between each determinant and satisfaction with life, hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted. Two models were tested, with predictors entered in blocks based on theoretical and empirical considerations. The second model accounted for 52.4% of the variance in satisfaction with life (F (14, 384) = 3.884, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.27, adjusted R2 = 0.24). Depressive symptoms and stress consistently exhibited a significant association (p < 0.05) with satisfaction with life across all tested models. In terms of coping mechanisms, instrumental support reinterpretation, disengagement, and humor demonstrated a significant association with satisfaction with life (p < 0.05). The findings suggest that employing adaptive coping strategies may help mitigate symptoms of mental distress and enhance satisfaction with life. By understanding the relationships between coping strategies, mental health symptoms, and satisfaction with life, interventions can be developed to promote well-being and improve overall quality of life among Portuguese workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS-Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Pedro Morouço
- ESECS-Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (CiTechcare), 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Tiago Santos
- National School of Public Health (ENSP-UNOVA), NOVA University Lisbon, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Colby A, Fereday B, Le NQ, Malin H. A longitudinal study of US college students before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37314866 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2220391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the Covid-19 pandemic's effects on college students' stress, life satisfaction, and college experiences and investigate sources of resilience. PARTICIPANTS 1,042 students from 11 U.S. colleges and universities. METHODS Longitudinal study with surveys in winter 2018-2019 and fall 2021. Interviews with 54 survey respondents, spring 2021. Surveys measured purpose, social agency, goal-directedness, belonging, positive relationships, stress, life satisfaction, and pandemic impact. Interviews explored students' experiences during the pandemic. RESULTS Stress increased, and life satisfaction decreased from T1 to T2, but only for those with the highest reported pandemic impact, not in the sample overall. Goal-directedness, social agency, positive relationships, and sense of belonging were associated with lower stress and higher life satisfaction at both time points. Interviewees described both challenges and "silver linings" resulting from the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Single time-point studies of students' pandemic experiences may overstate the pandemic's negative mental health consequences and underestimate students' resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Colby
- Stanford Graduate School of Education, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Brendan Fereday
- Stanford Graduate School of Education, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nhat Quang Le
- Stanford Graduate School of Education, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Heather Malin
- Stanford Graduate School of Education, Stanford, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Łuc M, Pawłowski M, Jaworski A, Fila-Witecka K, Szcześniak D, Augustyniak-Bartosik H, Zielińska D, Stefaniak A, Pokryszko-Dragan A, Chojdak-Łukasiewicz J, Krajewska M, Pawłowski T, Szepietowski JC, Rymaszewska J. Coping of Chronically-Ill Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparison between Four Groups. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4814. [PMID: 36981722 PMCID: PMC10049622 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In many countries, the COVID-19 pandemic led to healthcare reorganization limiting access to diagnostic or therapeutic procedures for chronically-ill patients. In this article, we describe the psychological consequences and coping strategies of several groups of chronically-ill patients. During the cross-sectional survey conducted in 2020, we enrolled 398 patients with four different chronic conditions (psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and patients who have undergone a kidney transplant or received dialysis). The study sample was examined regarding the experienced stress levels (Perceived Stress Scale) and coping strategies (Brief-COPE). All four groups of patients most commonly declared using problem-focused coping strategies and least commonly reported the use of avoidant coping. Higher levels of perceived stress strongly correlated with self-blaming. The participants who declared previous psychiatric treatment or psychotherapy were more likely to use self-blaming, behavioral disengagement, substance use, and avoidant coping, while previous psychotherapy additionally correlated with emotion-focused coping. Group comparison identifies patients with a chronic neurological disease, such as multiple sclerosis, at higher risk of a less beneficial coping profile than kidney transplant recipients. Further focus on education and early interventions in at-risk individuals is needed, and widely targeted mental health programs are indicated in order to improve the mental health of patients suffering from chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Łuc
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Pawłowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Jaworski
- Students Research Association, Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Dorota Szcześniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Augustyniak-Bartosik
- Dialysis Unit, Department of Nephrology and Transplantology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Zielińska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Stefaniak
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Magdalena Krajewska
- Dialysis Unit, Department of Nephrology and Transplantology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pawłowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek C. Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Rymaszewska
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Weerasinghe S, Oyebode O, Orji R, Matwin S. Dynamics of emotion trends in Canadian Twitter users during COVID-19 confinement in relation to caseloads: Artificial intelligence-based emotion detection approach. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231171496. [PMID: 37252262 PMCID: PMC10214063 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231171496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple waves of COVID-19 have significantly impacted the emotional well-being of all, but many were subject to additional risks associated with forced regulations. The objective of this research was to assess the immediate emotional impact, expressed by Canadian Twitter users, and to estimate the linear relationship, with the vicissitudes of COVID caseloads, using ARIMA time-series regression. We developed two Artificial Intelligence-based algorithms to extract tweets using 18 semantic terms related to social confinement and locked down and then geocoded them to tag Canadian provinces. Tweets (n = 64,732) were classified as positive, negative, and neutral sentiments using a word-based Emotion Lexicon. Our results indicated: that Tweeters were expressing a higher daily percentage of negative sentiments representing, negative anticipation (30.1%), fear (28.1%), and anger (25.3%), than positive sentiments comprising positive anticipation (43.7%), trust (41.4%), and joy (14.9%), and neutral sentiments with mostly no emotions, when hash-tagged social confinement and locked down. In most provinces, negative sentiments took on average two to three days after caseloads increase to emerge, whereas positive sentiments took a slightly longer period of six to seven days to submerge. As daily caseloads increase, negative sentiment percentage increases in Manitoba (by 68% for 100 caseloads increase) and Atlantic Canada (by 89% with 100 caseloads increase) in wave 1(with 30% variations explained), while other provinces showed resilience. The opposite was noted in the positive sentiments. The daily percentage of emotional expression variations explained by daily caseloads in wave one were 30% for negative, 42% for neutral, and 2.1% for positive indicating that the emotional impact is multifactorial. These provincial-level impact differences with varying latency periods should be considered when planning geographically targeted, time-sensitive, confinement-related psychological health promotion efforts. Artificial Intelligence-based Geo-coded sentiment analysis of Twitter data opens possibilities for targeted rapid emotion sentiment detection opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swarna Weerasinghe
- Department of Community Health and
Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Oladapo Oyebode
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Rita Orji
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Stan Matwin
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Leslie-Miller CJ, Cole VT, Waugh CE. Positive distraction in daily activities as a predictor of good coping: A "day in the life" during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1142665. [PMID: 37034952 PMCID: PMC10074597 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1142665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The early part of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) was a chronic stressor that led to decreased life satisfaction, increased psychopathology, and decreased social interaction, making it important to study coping strategies that stimulate increases in emotional well-being. Previous research has demonstrated that disengagement coping may be beneficial in scenarios where engagement coping is too difficult or not possible. We hypothesized that disengagement coping would be related to good emotional well-being (high positive emotions and/or perceived control, lower negative emotions and/or stress), with distraction (taking a break from a stressor) related to better emotional well-being than is avoidance (avoiding thoughts and feelings associated with a stressor). Methods Using a daily reconstruction method that represents a "day in the life" of people in the United States during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, we assessed people's (N = 329) activities, their intention to distract from or avoid the stressor during these activities, emotions, and thoughts about and motivation to deal with COVID. Results Between-subjects' analyses revealed that habitual distraction did not predict any outcomes, while habitual avoidance related to poorer emotional well-being. Within-subject analyses, however, demonstrated that engaging in distraction (and to a smaller extent, avoidance) was associated with better concurrent emotional well-being and less thinking about COVID. Furthermore, the intent to distract/avoid was more reliable in predicting emotional outcomes than was the activity type. Conclusion These findings suggest that disengagement from stress can be an adaptive coping behavior during global pandemics and possibly other chronic stressors with similar attributes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Veronica T Cole
- Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Christian E Waugh
- Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Eshel Y, Kimhi S, Marciano H, Adini B. Perceived partial social integration, levels of distress and resilience, and COVID-19 vaccine rejection of Jewish and Arab citizens of Israel. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1021015. [PMID: 36483251 PMCID: PMC9723345 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1021015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present study examines the role of perceived partial social integration (PPSI) in determining the rejection of the COVID-19 vaccine of Jewish and Arab citizens of Israel. Methods The research hypotheses are examined using a relatively large sample of the Israeli public, including 208 Arab and 600 Jewish adults, who have responded to an anonymous questionnaire pertaining, among other issues, to partial social integration and the individual level of vaccine uptake. Results Higher levels of PPSI were found to be associated with higher levels of vaccine rejection, in both Jewish and Arab samples. The Arab minority group regards themselves as less socially integrated into the Israeli society and therefore rejects the COVID-19 vaccine to a greater extent than the majority group. The Arab respondents expressed a higher level of psychological distress and a lower level of resilience compared with the Jewish participants. The perceived partial social integration score significantly predicted the levels of distress and resilience of the Jewish but not the Arab sample. Discussion The study indicates that increasing the vaccination rates depends more substantially on trust in the authorities than on leveraging greater pressure on individuals that reject the vaccine. Increased trust in the authorities and regarding oneself as an integral component of society are two vital conditions for vaccine acquiescence. Insufficient social integration is a major reason for vaccine rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yohanan Eshel
- Stress and Resilience Research Center, Tel-Hai College, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shaul Kimhi
- ResWell - Multinational Resilience & Wellbeing Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hadas Marciano
- Stress, and Resilience Research Center, Tel-Hai College, The Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making (IIPDM), University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Bruria Adini
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, Sackler School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, ResWell - Multinational Resilience & Wellbeing Research Center, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Santos T, Uva ADS, Rodrigues JF, Ferreira R, Monteiro D, Hernández-Mendo A, Rodrigues F. The Future Looks Good: Examining the Associations Between Coping, Psychological Distress, and Optimism. Front Psychol 2022; 13:838835. [PMID: 35586235 PMCID: PMC9108386 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.838835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent pandemic and consequent lockdown had a substantial impact on mental health and optimism regarding the future. Previous research showed that levels of depression, anxiety, and stress had increased throughout the pandemic. Nonetheless, how individuals cope when faced with adversity may be associated with positive expectations regarding the future. A sample of 274 Portuguese workers (female = 54) with a mean age of 40.86 (SD = 0.70) and work experience of 19.68 years (SD = 12.07) met inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the proposed study. They represented a variety of working classes (i.e., arts, engineering, marketers, transportation and logistic, clerks, personal trainers, managers, lawyers, accountants, directors, journalism, health care). We investigated the associations between depression, stress, anxiety, adaptive and maladaptive coping, and optimism while controlling for working experience, gender, and work type. We found that depression was related to lower levels of optimism. However, for participants scoring high on adaptive coping and anxiety, higher scores of optimism were reported. Gender, work type, and experience did not significantly influence the results. These results provide evidence through which positive mental health can be promoted after the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Santos
- Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Rio Maior, Portugal
- National School of Public Health, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - José Fernandes Rodrigues
- Sport Sciences School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Rio Maior, Portugal
- Quality of Life Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal
| | - Regina Ferreira
- Quality of Life Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal
- Health Science School, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Santarém, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- Quality of Life Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal
- ESECS Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mendo
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Anthropology and East Asian Studies, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- Quality of Life Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal
- ESECS Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Filipe Rodrigues,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Self-Determination as a Mechanism for Personality Sustainability in Conditions of Daily Stress. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, uncertainty, threat to life, and repeated lockdowns have significantly undermined people’s psychological well-being. In such situations, the basic needs for self-determination (SDT) are disrupted—autonomy, connectedness, and competence—but it is the resulting dissatisfaction that actualizes a search for strategies to cope with the problem. The objective of this article is to critically review the literature on various ways that people are coping with specific experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and their relationship to basic needs to maintain sustainability. We searched on the Web of Science CC database for relevant studies (2020–2021) and their systematization from the standpoint of Self-Determination Theory (SDT). This showed the dynamics of coping methods, reflecting a transition from confusion when confronted with stress, to the selection of effective strategies, confirming that when basic needs are blocked for a long time, people begin to search for a way to satisfy them. We present three levels of grouped coping methods: (1) physiological, (2) behavioral, and (3) cognitive, demonstrating their interrelationship with orientation (to oneself or to the context), assessment (a threat or a challenge), and basic psychological needs. The proposed model opens up prospects for creating effective coping and training programs for sustainable development of the individual in crisis situations.
Collapse
|
19
|
Singleton G, Johnson L, Singleton N, Li H. COVID-19-related anxiety: How do coping and optimism relate to substance use in African-American young adults? JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022:10.1002/jcop.22863. [PMID: 35441710 PMCID: PMC9088271 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected college students nationwide. Recent research suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted African-American young adults. The infection case rates, hospitalizations, and death rates in African-American populations are 2-5 times higher than among White populations. The intergenerational trauma and systemic racism that African-Americans have faced in past and present times have fomented conditions that lead to vulnerability within this historically resilient community. These stresses and losses increase the risks of anxiety and substance use. This study examined the relationship between COVID-19-related anxiety and substance use, and how adaptive coping and optimism influence this relationship in African-Americans young adults. Results reveal that COVID-related anxiety predicts alcohol and drug use. Optimism and adaptive coping are related to lower pandemic-related anxiety, alcohol, and drug use among African-American young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leona Johnson
- Department of PsychologyFlorida A&M UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | - Nkosi Singleton
- Department of PsychologyFlorida A&M UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | - Huijun Li
- Department of PsychologyFlorida A&M UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pisanu E, Di Benedetto A, Infurna MR, Rumiati RI. Psychological Impact in Healthcare Workers During Emergencies: The Italian Experience With COVID-19 First Wave. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:818674. [PMID: 35386527 PMCID: PMC8977468 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.818674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 outbreak imposed an overwhelming workload as well as emotional burdens on Healthcare workers (HCWs). In May 2020, an online survey was administered to HCWs in Italy to assess the pandemic's psychological impact and to investigate possible predictive factors that led to individual differences. Methods The psychological experience was measured based on the prevalence of self-reported feelings during the pandemic, including negative and positive emotional states. We analyzed the relationship between factors of gender, age, geographic region, professional role, and operational unit, and the four-point scale used to rate the frequency of each emotional state experienced by performing several multinomial logistic regressions, one for each emotion. Results Our findings suggest that more than half of HCWs experienced psychological distress during the first COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. Female and younger respondents, especially those operating in northern Italy experienced more frequently negative emotional states such as irritability, anxiety, loneliness, and insecurity. However, positive feelings, first of all solidarity, were also reported especially by female and older workers. The majority of the negative as well as positive emotional states were experienced almost equally by both doctors and nurses, and independently of the operational unit in which they operated. Conclusions This study can be very useful as a contribution to the current literature on the psychological effects of this pandemic on health workers. Moreover, our findings can provide useful information in planning more tailored psychological interventions to support this category of workers in the ongoing and future emergencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Pisanu
- Neuroscience Area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Raffaella I. Rumiati
- Neuroscience Area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
- Scuola Superiore di Studi Avanzati Sapienza (SSAS), Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Choi M. Configurational Approach to Understand Preventive Behavior Adoption among a Non-Adhering Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35188028 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2022.2040172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the risk preventive responses of individuals, especially those who do not adhere to preventive measures (e.g. anti-maskers) for COVID-19, by integrating three dominant theories in risk and health communication. The complex causal relationship between motivational elements and individuals' preventive behavior adoption was studied using Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. With a survey (N = 372) of non-abiding populations, this study found generalizable and unique configurations of motivational elements. Different effects of key motivational variables from three theories were found with different demographic factors. Theoretical and practical implications were also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minhee Choi
- Robertson School of Media and Culture, Virginia Commonwealth University
| |
Collapse
|