1
|
Silva H, Nakamura FY, Praça G, Ribeiro J, Marcelino R. The Relationship Between Individually Assessed High-Intensity Accelerations, High-Intensity Decelerations, Sprints, and Technical Performances During Soccer Matches: A Full Season Analysis. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38905702 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2353713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: This longitudinal study analyzed the relationship between players' physical (sprint distances, number of high-intensity accelerations and decelerations assessed with individual and relative thresholds) and technical (retrieved from SofaScore platform) performances during competition. Methods: Twenty elite players were monitored across a full season. Physical performances were monitored with GNSS devices, retrieving time (s), velocity (km.h-1) and distance (m). Sprint distances were calculated as > 80% of the match peak speed registered across the season. High-intensity accelerations and decelerations were calculated as >75% of the peak values registered across the season. Pearson (r) correlations (with 95% confidence intervals) were calculated to assess the relationship among different physical performance variables and between the physical and technical performance variables. Results: Sprint distances correlated with the number of ball touches (r = -0.36 [-0.49, -0.23], p < .001), accurate passes (r = -0.45 [-0.56, -0.32], p < .001), and dribble attempts (r = 0.30 [0.16, 0.43], p < .001). If players touched the ball more frequently and pass the ball more accurately, they covered shorter sprint distances. However, if players attempted more dribbles, they covered longer sprint distances. Conclusion: Practitioners can develop tactical strategies considering the relationship between sprint distances and technical variables such as ball touches, accurate passes, and dribble attempts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Silva
- CreativeLab Research Community
- University of Maia
| | | | | | - João Ribeiro
- CreativeLab Research Community
- University of Maia
- Sporting Clube de Braga SAD
| | - Rui Marcelino
- CreativeLab Research Community
- University of Maia
- Portuguese Football Federation
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gomes SA, Travassos B, Ribeiro JN, Castro HDO, Gomes LL, Ferreira CES. Space and players' number constrains the external and internal load demands in youth futsal. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1376024. [PMID: 38863569 PMCID: PMC11165067 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1376024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of space and number of players manipulation on the external and internal load demands of youth futsal athletes. Methods Forty-two male U17 players (age = 15.62 ± 0.58 years) from three futsal teams participated in the study. In this cross-sectional study that lasted 8-week, the player's sample practiced six futsal tasks (T1-T6) and a futsal game played under the official rules (T7). From T1-T6, two task constraints were manipulated: (i) the number of players and, (ii) the space of play. The WIMU PRO™ Ultra-Wideband (UWB) tracking system was used to measure the external and internal load during the futsal tasks. External load was quantified using kinematic and mechanical variables extracted from positional data and, the internal load was quantified using Heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Repeated measures ANOVA was used for comparison purposes. Results In general, the results showed high external (total distance, distance 18.1-21, above 21 Km/h, and high intensity acceleration and deceleration, p < 0.001) and internal load (heart rate average and rating of perceived exertion, p < 0.001) in the tasks with low number of players and high area. In relation to the match, the tasks with small relative area per player (GK + 2 vs. 2 + GK and GK + 3 vs. 3 + GK in 20 × 20 m) promoted low external load. Conclusion It was concluded that increasing the relative area by reducing the number of players involved in the tasks in the form of small-sided games (GK + 2 vs. 2 + GK and GK + 3 vs. 3 + GK), in relation to the futsal game (GK + 4 vs. 4 + GK), can be considered a pedagogical strategy to increase the external and internal load demands of young futsal players.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Adriano Gomes
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil
- Sport Science Department, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Bruno Travassos
- Sport Science Department, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- CIDESD, Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Covilhã, Portugal
- Portugal Football School, Federação Portuguesa de Futebol, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - João Nuno Ribeiro
- Sport Science Department, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, School of Education, Communication and Sports, Guarda, Portugal
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Portugal
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Clemente FM, Afonso J, Silva RM, Aquino R, Vieira LP, Santos F, Teoldo I, Oliveira R, Praça G, Sarmento H. Contemporary practices of Portuguese and Brazilian soccer coaches in designing and applying small-sided games. Biol Sport 2024; 41:185-199. [PMID: 38524823 PMCID: PMC10955727 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2024.132985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This descriptive study aimed to investigate the current practices of Portuguese and Brazilian soccer coaches in the design and implementation of small-sided games (SSGs) in soccer. A total of 187 male coaches participated in the online survey, consisting of 82 Portuguese and 105 Brazilian individuals. These coaches held various positions within the technical staff, with 63 serving as head coaches, 38 as assistant coaches, 38 as physical trainers, and 48 in other roles related to the technical staff. Additionally, the participants represented both youth (n = 102) and adult competitive levels (n = 59), along with some who were not currently associated with a specific group. The survey consisted of 32 questions divided into three main sections: (i) the timing of SSG application, (ii) the methods used for applying SSGs, and (iii) the reasons for applying SSGs. The Chi-square test revealed a statistically significant association between nationality and the frequency of SSGs used in training sessions during the pre-season (p = 0.039) and in-season (p < 0.001). Moreover, significant association between nationality and the time allocated to employing SSGs for targeting aerobic training (p < 0.001) was found. There was a significant association between nationality and the weekly frequency of SSGs use for targeting sprint training (p = 0.019). The Chi-square test identified significant associations between nationality and the use of SSGs for targeting technical training (p = 0.002), as well as for tactical training (p = 0.002). In summary, this study underscores that SSGs are primarily employed to enhance aerobic fitness, change of direction, technical skills, and tactical behaviors. Coaches generally favor employing SSGs two to three times a week, with typical sessions lasting between 16 to 30 minutes. Notably, the major discrepancies between nationalities lie in the importance assigned to the use of SSGs. However, in practice, the formats and objectives for implementing SSGs remain relatively similar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - José Afonso
- Faculty of Sport, Center for Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Miguel Silva
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Aquino
- Lab Sport, Department of Sports, Centre of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, 29075810, Brazil
| | - Luiz Palucci Vieira
- Universidad César Vallejo (UCV), Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Industrial, Grupo de investigación en Tecnología aplicada a Seguridad ocupacional, Desempeño y Calidad de vida (GiTaSyC), Campus Callao, 07001 Lima, Perú
| | - Fernando Santos
- Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Escola Superior de Educação, 2914-504 Setúbal, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (LQRC—CIEQV, Leiria), Complexo Andaluz, Apartado, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
| | - Israel Teoldo
- Centre of Research and Studies in Soccer (NUPEF), Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Rafael Oliveira
- Life Quality Research Centre (LQRC—CIEQV, Leiria), Complexo Andaluz, Apartado, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Sports Science School of Rio Maior–Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, 5001-801Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Gibson Praça
- Sports Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Clemente FM, Moran J, Ramirez-Campillo R, Beato M, Afonso J. Endurance Performance Adaptations between SSG and HIIT in Soccer Players: A Meta-analysis. Int J Sports Med 2024; 45:183-210. [PMID: 37678559 DOI: 10.1055/a-2171-3255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to compare the endurance performance chronic adaptations induced by running-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT), small-sided games (SSGs), and combined HIIT+SSGs in male and female youth and adult soccer players. The studies included in this review followed the PICOS criteria: (i) healthy soccer players; (ii) interventions based on SSGs; (iii) comparators exposed to only HIIT or combined SSGs+HIIT; (iv) endurance performance variables. Studies were searched for in the following databases: (i) PubMed; (ii) Scopus; (iii) SPORTDiscus; (iv) Web of Science. After conducting an initial database search that retrieved a total of 5,389 records, a thorough screening process resulted in the inclusion of 20 articles that met the eligibility criteria. Sixteen studies reported outcomes related to endurance performance measured through field-based tests, while five studies provided results from direct measurements of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Results showed a non-significant small-magnitude favoring effect for the HIIT groups compared to the SSG groups (ES=0.37, p=0.074) for endurance, while a non-significant small-magnitude favoring SSGs was observed (ES=-0.20, p=0.303) for VO2max. Despite the very low certainty of evidence, the findings suggest similar effects induced by both SSG and HIIT on improving endurance performance and VO2max.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Jason Moran
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute. School of Physical Therapy. Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences. Universidad Andres Bello. Santiago, Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco Beato
- School of Health and Sports Science, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - José Afonso
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun S, Chen C. The Effect of Sports Game Intervention on Children's Fundamental Motor Skills: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:254. [PMID: 38397366 PMCID: PMC10888172 DOI: 10.3390/children11020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to carry out a systematic review and a meta-analysis determining the effects of sports game intervention on fundamental motor skills in children. This paper presented a systematic review from 2001 to 2020, including the databases of Web of Science, EBSCO, Science, PubMed and Springer. (1) Participants comprised 1701 children age 3-12 years; (2) sports game interventions were investigated; (3) only studies using a Test of Gross Motor Skills assessment were included; (4) RCT were chosen as the study design to assess the impact of sports game interventions on children's motor skills; (5) only culture-based sports game studies in the English and Chinese language were included. Two researchers independently reviewed and assessed the eligibility criteria. Out of the initial 1826 references, 12 studies with a total of 1608 participants were included in the meta-analysis. All interventions were implemented in preschool (kindergarten) or primary school populations, and all studies followed a randomized controlled trial design. The results demonstrated significantly superior development of fundamental motor skills in the intervention groups compared to the control groups (standardized mean difference = 0.30, p < 0.0001). The methodological quality of the included studies ranged from fair to excellent, and no evidence of publication bias was observed. Among them, the 12-week sports game intervention of 35 min each time three to four times a week had a better intervention effect, promoting children's physical health and fundamental motor skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Changzhou Chen
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Coutinho D, Travassos B, Santos S, Figueiredo P, Kelly AL. Special Issue "Sports Science in Children". CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:202. [PMID: 38397315 PMCID: PMC10887797 DOI: 10.3390/children11020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In recent times, research and technological advancements have opened an unprecedented window of opportunity for sports science to play a pivotal role in the holistic well-being of children [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Coutinho
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Maia (UMAIA), 4475-690 Maia, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Bruno Travassos
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.T.); (S.S.)
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
- Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Federation, 5001-801 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sara Santos
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.T.); (S.S.)
- Department of Sports Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Pedro Figueiredo
- Physical Education Department, College of Education, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Adam Leigh Kelly
- Research for Athlete and Youth Sport Development (RAYSD) Lab, Research Centre for Life and Sport Sciences (CLaSS), Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pop RM, Grosu VT, Grosu EF, Zadic A, Mâță L, Dobrescu T. The Effects of Small-Sided Games and Behavioral Interventions on the Physical and Motivational Outcomes of Youth Soccer Players. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14141. [PMID: 36361017 PMCID: PMC9657566 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to test the effects of two types of intervention, one based on small-sided games (SSGs), and the other one that had, in addition, a behavioral component consisting of goal setting, public posting, and positive reinforcement. The participants were 16 male soccer players aged 12-14 years old who participated in a couple of training sessions per week between August and November 2021. We used Playr Catapult GPS devices to assess the effect of the intervention on the total distance covered and total sprint distance in the task of playing SSGs. We used Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 to test the effect of the intervention on players' aerobic capacity and the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire to investigate levels of motivational climate. Multiple two-way mixed ANOVAs were conducted and the results indicated that our intervention had a positive effect on the total distance and total sprint distance covered during SSGs. For aerobic capacity, even if the results were not significant, they indicate a high effect size. The effect of the intervention on task-oriented motivational climate and ego-oriented motivational climate was not significant. Discussions focus on the application of the intervention in team training settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rareș-Mihai Pop
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Teodor Grosu
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Technical University, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Emilia Florina Grosu
- Doctoral School of Physical Education and Sport, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Zadic
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Liliana Mâță
- Faculty of Science, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, 600115 Bacău, Romania
| | - Tatiana Dobrescu
- Faculty of Movement, Sports, and Health Sciences, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, 600115 Bacău, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bonney N, Larkin P, Ball K. Kick proficiency and skill adaptability increase from an Australian football small-sided game intervention. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:1026935. [PMID: 36385779 PMCID: PMC9643701 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.1026935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This investigation is the first to explore the effect of a 4 week small-sided game (SSG) and traditional training intervention on player kick proficiency and player adaptability in Australian football. Twenty-two amateur Australian football players (mean ± SD; age 22.3 ± 2.46; height 182.4 ± 5.25; weight 82.1 ± 6.10; years playing senior amateur football 3.86 ± 3.09) were randomly selected into either a traditional training group (n = 11) or a SSG group (n = 11). Traditional training involved activities where skills were generally executed in isolation and with minimal contact (e.g., kicking lane drill or possession football). The SSG training group participated in 5v6 competitive games on varied shaped areas (approximately 272 m2 per player) and changing constraints (e.g., game tempo, game rules). All players participated in the team training sessions; however, the SSG group participated in a 4 × 3min training protocol, with 60 seconds recovery, in the last 20-min of the session. The SSG group participated in these alternative sessions twice a week for 4 weeks. Results indicated only the SSG enhanced their kick proficiency (17%) and were found to be more adaptable. The intervention group executed more kicks over longer distances (i.e., 20-40 m), made quicker decisions (e.g., executing more kicks in < 1s), applied more pressure to the opposition when they were executing a skill and were more likely to "take the game on" by decreasing the amount of times a skill was executed from a stationary position. The results of this study can be used by coaches when designing and implementing training programs as different training strategies will elicit different player behavioral adaptations.
Collapse
|
9
|
Applying the Principles of Motor Learning in Preventative Programs of Overuse Injuries in Young Athletes: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF MOTOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2021-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to review the scope of overuse injury prevention programs in young players through the lens of application of motor learning principles. From 280 studies found in the initial search, 13 studies were selected based on a series of inclusion criteria. The selected studies were categorized based on the type of intervention resulting in multicomponent (two studies), Fédération Internationale de Football Association 11+ (five studies), neuromuscular training (two studies), Fédération Internationale de Football Association Medical Assessment and Research Center (two studies), educational (one study), and stability (one study). The studies that had an effective preventative role to reduce overuse injuries applied some principles of motor learning to their intervention, such as contextual interference, variability of practice, task constraints, the power law of practice, transfer of learning, and explicit methods. There is a gap in the literature related to explicit applications of motor learning principles in the design of preventative interventions for overuse injury.
Collapse
|
10
|
Comparing the Current Training Running Demands of Elite Camogie Players to Competitive Match-Play. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:sports10080113. [PMID: 36006079 PMCID: PMC9413591 DOI: 10.3390/sports10080113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Training to meet match-play demands is a primary objective in an athlete’s preparation for their games. Despite camogie match-play running demands being available, how current training practices compare, specifically individual training components, remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate and compare current elite camogie training to match-play demands. Thirty-three (n = 33) elite camogie players wore 10 Hz Playertek GPS units during twenty-five training sessions and ten competitive matches. Training sessions were analysed using ball-in-play time and split into warm-ups, drills, small-sided games, running, and training matches. Metrics were converted into relative terms (per minute), to allow comparisons. Players cover significantly greater (p < 0.05) total distance (non-parametric standardised effect sizes (r = 0.45)), peak speed (r = 0.45), high-speed running (r = 0.13), sprint distance (r = 0.20), and total decelerations (r = 0.12−0.22) during match-play than training. Relatively, players cover significantly greater distance during running, small-sided games, and training matches compared to match-play (r = 0.21−0.29). Compared with match-play, running results in significantly greater high-speed running and sprint distance (r = 0.18−0.41), with greater accelerations (3−4 m∙s−2) during warm-ups, running, and small-sided games (r = 0.14−0.28). Current total training demands seem to fall behind match-play. However, relatively, training matches and small-sided games match or surpass competitive match-play demands. These findings may be utilised in preparing camogie teams for competition.
Collapse
|
11
|
Clemente FM, Soylu Y, Arslan E, Kilit B, Garrett J, van den Hoek D, Badicu G, Filipa Silva A. Can high-intensity interval training and small-sided games be effective for improving physical fitness after detraining? A parallel study design in youth male soccer players. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13514. [PMID: 35795177 PMCID: PMC9252184 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was two-fold: (i) analyze the within-group physical fitness adaptations promoted by a detraining period (4 weeks) followed by an intervention period (4 weeks) using small-sided games (SSGs) or running-based high intensity interval training (HIIT); and (ii) analyze the between-group differences aiming to identify the effectiveness of each training intervention on the physical fitness of youth male soccer players. Methods This study followed a randomized parallel study design. Forty male soccer players (age: 16.4 ± 0.5 years old) were assessed three times: (i) baseline; (ii) after 4 weeks of detraining; and (iii) after a retraining period of 4 weeks. After returning from detraining, players were randomized to an SSG-based training intervention (n = 20) or running-based HIIT (n = 20). Interventions lasted 4 weeks, with a training frequency of three sessions per week. At all timepoints, players were assessed by: (i) anthropometry (height, body mass, fat mass (FM)), countermovement jump (CMJ), standing broad jump (SBJ), triple hop jump (THJ), linear sprint test (5-, 10-, and 20-m), zig-zag test with (ZZwB) and without (ZZwoB) ball, three corner run test (3CRT), Y-balance test and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIRT). Mixed ANOVA (time * group) was conducted for testing interactions between the three timepoints of repeated measures and the two groups. Effect size (ES) for pairwise comparisons was calculated using Cohen's. Results Between-group analysis revealed significantly smaller SBJ (t = -2.424, p = 0.020, d = -0.767 small ES) and THT (t = -4.353, p < 0.001, d = -1.376 large ES) in the SSG group after the retraining period. At the same time, SSG presented significantly greater FM after retraining compared to HIIT (t = 3.736, p < 0.001, d = 1.181 large ES). Additionally, SSG had significantly smaller values than HIIT in the ZZwB (t = -3.645, p < 0.001, d = -1.153 large ES), but greater times in the ZZwoB (t = 2.679, p = 0.011, d = 0.847 large ES) and 3CRT (t = 3.126, p = 0.003, d = 0.989 large ES). Conclusions Although SSG and HIIT interventions improved physical fitness outcomes after a period of detraining, they were not able to effectively restore body composition, CMJ, 20-m sprint, ZZwB, and YYIRT compared with the baseline assessments (before detraining). Only HIIT was significantly effective for restoring SBJ, short linear sprin speed, and change-of-direction compared with baseline. HIIT was also significantly better than SSG in improving SBJ and ZZwoB. Although the small sample, the non determination of maturation status and the need to be cautious regarding generalization, HIIT appears to be more beneficial than SSG after a detraining period for recovery of body composition and physical fitness qualities in this specific context of youth soccer players.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, Viana do Castelo, Portugal, Melgaço, Portugal,Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Lisboa, Portugal, Lisboa, Portugal,Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), Melgaço, Portugal, Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Yusuf Soylu
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey, Yokat, Turkey
| | - Ersan Arslan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Bulent Kilit
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Joel Garrett
- Australian Catholic University, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel van den Hoek
- Australian Catholic University, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Braşov, Braşov, Romania, Brasov, Romania
| | - Ana Filipa Silva
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, Viana do Castelo, Portugal, Melgaço, Portugal,Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), Melgaço, Portugal, Melgaço, Portugal,The Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal, Vila Real, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Applying Different Strategies of Task Constraint Manipulation in Small-Sided and Conditioned Games: How Do They Impact Physical and Tactical Demands? SENSORS 2022; 22:s22124435. [PMID: 35746216 PMCID: PMC9227788 DOI: 10.3390/s22124435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate how different strategies of task constraint manipulation impact physical and tactical demands in small-sided and conditioned games (SSCG). Ten recreational U-17 soccer players participated in this study (16.89 ± 0.11 years). We used different strategies of task manipulation to design two 4 vs. 4 SSCG: Structural SSCG and Functional SSCG. In Structural SSCG, pitch format and goal sizes were manipulated, while in Functional SSCG, players were allowed to kick the ball twice and at least 5 passes to shoot at the opponent’s goal. Players participated in four Structural and Functional SSCG, of five minutes duration with a two-minute interval in between. Players’ physical performance and tactical behavior were assessed using the WIMU PROTM inertial device. Structural SSCG stimulated players to cover more distance in sprinting (p = 0.003) and high-speed running (p < 0.001). Regarding tactical behavior, Structural SSCG stimulated players to explore game space better (p < 0.001). Moreover, Functional SSCG stimulated players to be closer to the ball, decreasing the effective playing space (p = 0.008). We conclude that these strategies of task constraint manipulation impact physical and tactical demands of the game.
Collapse
|
13
|
The Influence of Small-Sided Football Games with Numerical Variability in External Training Load. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14021000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Small-sided games (SSGs) are a motivational strategy and effective training method to develop skills and physical fitness at optimal intensity. This study investigates the influence of variability in the number of players on the physiological response using SSGs. The sample was composed of 10 field players with an average age of 15.9 ± 0.50 years old. Three sessions were held on 3 different days to collect information. The 10 min SSG exercise with temporal numerical variability was repeated twice on each day. The numerical ratio of players involved changed every 2 min without disrupting the practice. In a game space with 35 × 25 m, the exercise always started in a situation of 3 vs. 3. External training load metrics (i.e., physical activity counts, activity intensity, and energy expenditure) were assessed using Actigraph WGT3X accelerometers. The 3 vs. 3 format game had higher physical activity counts (i.e., higher vector magnitude) and requested more time spent in very vigorous physical activity intensity. Consequently, the 3 vs. 3 format in young football players had higher energy expenditure (i.e., a higher METs) than that in the other studied game formats. This study confirms the influence of SSGs with numerical variability in external training load.
Collapse
|
14
|
Oliveira JD, Hofman NB, Pasquarelli BN, Leonardi TJ. Proposals and effects of training using small-sided games for young soccer players: a narrative review. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-657420220006022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|