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Narita Z, Ando S, Yamasaki S, Miyashita M, DeVylder J, Yamaguchi S, Hosozawa M, Nakanishi M, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Furukawa TA, Kasai K, Nishida A. Association of Problematic Internet Use With Psychotic Experiences and Depression in Adolescents: A Cohort Study. Schizophr Bull 2024:sbae089. [PMID: 38825582 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Problematic internet use (PIU) is prevalent among adolescents. Past research suggested cross-sectional associations between PIU and psychotic experiences, but little information is available on the longitudinal association. We hypothesized that PIU in adolescence may be longitudinally associated with psychotic experiences, adjusting for confounders. STUDY DESIGN We analyzed a random sample of adolescents in the Tokyo Teen Cohort to examine how PIU at ages 10 (2012-2015), 12 (2014-2017), and 16 (2019-2021) was associated with mental health issues at age 16. PIU was evaluated by the modified Compulsive Internet Use Scale, psychotic experiences by the Adolescent Psychotic-like Symptom Screener, and depression by the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire. We also examined the mediating role of social withdrawal. STUDY RESULTS We analyzed 3171 adolescents; 151 reported psychotic experiences and 327 reported depression at age 16. Compared with the lowest tertile PIU group, the highest tertile PIU group at age 12 showed an increased adjusted risk of psychotic experiences (RD 3.3%, 95% CI 2.9%-3.7%; RR 1.65, 95% CI 1.55-1.73) and depression (RD 5.9%, 95% CI 5.5%-6.3%; RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.55-1.68) at age 16. PIU at age 16 showed analogous results, while PIU at age 10 suggested a smaller impact. Social withdrawal mediated 9.4%-29.0% of the association between PIU and psychotic experiences. CONCLUSIONS PIU is longitudinally associated with psychotic experiences and depression in adolescents. Further longitudinal and intervention studies are warranted to provide robust public health implications and foster a safer digital future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zui Narita
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Ando
- Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Syudo Yamasaki
- Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Miyashita
- Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jordan DeVylder
- Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, New York City, USA
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Hosozawa
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miharu Nakanishi
- Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mariko Hiraiwa-Hasegawa
- School of Advanced Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiaki A Furukawa
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/ School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), University of Tokyo Institutes of Advanced Study (UTIAS), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nishida
- Unit for Mental Health Promotion, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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Lin WH, Chiao C. Adverse childhood experience and young adult's problematic Internet use: The role of hostility and loneliness. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 149:106624. [PMID: 38227984 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have explored the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and problematic Internet use (PIU) during young adulthood. Moreover, even fewer studies have explored the roles of loneliness (social and emotional) and hostility in this relationship. METHODS This study used data from the Taiwan Youth Project (2011-2017). The analytical sample included 1885 participants (mean age = 31.3 years). PIU was measured using the short form of Chen's Internet Addiction Scale (2017). ACEs were assessed at the baseline of the adolescent phase (mean age = 14.3 years); this indicator has undergone recent revision. Hostility (three items from the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised) and loneliness (six items from the De Jong Gierveld scale) were measured in 2011 and 2014, respectively. RESULTS ACEs were associated with hostility and loneliness (emotional and social). Additionally, hostility (β = 0.62, p < .01) and emotional loneliness (β = 0.44, p < .01) were significantly associated with PIU. Most mediating paths (e.g., ACE → hostility → PIU) were significant, based on the bootstrapping results. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that ACEs have a long-term shadow effect on PIU in young adults. ACEs show an indirect association with PIU through both hostility and loneliness, as well as involving the relationship between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsu Lin
- Institute of Health and Welfare, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chi Chiao
- Institute of Health and Welfare, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Paquin V, Philippe FL, Shannon H, Guimond S, Ouellet-Morin I, Geoffroy MC. Associations between digital media use and psychotic experiences in young adults of Quebec, Canada: a longitudinal study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:65-75. [PMID: 37516683 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Digital media use has been associated with psychotic experiences in youth from the community, but the direction of association remains unclear. We aimed to examine between- and within-person associations of digital media use and psychotic experiences in youth. METHODS The sample included 425 participants aged 18-25 years (82.5% female) from the community, followed between May 2021 and January 2022 over 3 time points-of which 263 participants (61.9%) completed at least 2. Digital media use was self-reported as time spent daily on TV and streaming platforms, social media, and video games over the past 3 months. Psychotic experiences in the past 3 months were measured with the 15-item Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences. Associations between digital media use and psychotic experiences were estimated using a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model. RESULTS On average, individuals who reported greater digital media use also reported higher levels of psychotic experiences (r = 0.34, 95% CI 0.15, 0.53). However, a person's variation in digital media use, relative to their personal average, was not significantly associated with subsequent variations in their levels of psychotic experiences, or vice-versa. Results were similar across TV/streaming, social media and video game use, and after adjusting for age, sex, education, sleep, physical activity, and cannabis use. CONCLUSION Individuals with a tendency for higher levels of digital media use also had a tendency for higher levels of psychotic experiences. Understanding this association may help personalize mental health interventions for people with psychotic experiences, which may be offered digitally to promote their accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Paquin
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Ludmer Research and Training Building, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Frederick L Philippe
- Department of Psychology, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Holly Shannon
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research and Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Synthia Guimond
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research and Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, University of Quebec in Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Ouellet-Morin
- School of Criminology, University of Montreal, and Research Center of the Montreal Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Geoffroy
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Ludmer Research and Training Building, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Lamloum E, Loch AA, Cherif W, Cheour M, Hallit S. The relationship between internet gaming disorder and psychotic experiences: cyberbullying and insomnia severity as mediators. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:857. [PMID: 37978468 PMCID: PMC10657007 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nature of the relationship between Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and psychosis is unclear so far. There is evidence that greater time spent in playing video games may expose players to both insomnia and a toxic online environment with widespread cyberbullying. These two possible consequences of IGD may, in turn, be associated with greater psychotic experiences (PE). Based on this theoretical framework, the present study proposed to contribute the body of the knowledge in this area, by testing the possible indirect effects of insomnia severity, cyber-victimization and cyberbullying in the cross-sectional association between IGD and PE in a sample of Tunisian university students. METHOD We conducted a cross-sectional study over 4 months (February-May 2022). The Arabic versions of the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Internet Gaming disorder-20 Test, the Insomnia Severity Index, and the Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory-II were administered to a total of 851 students (mean age = 21.26 ± 1.68 years, 53.7% females). RESULTS We found that 25% of students were at risk of IGD, and 1.8% had an IGD. The results of the mediation analysis showed that insomnia severity fully mediated the association between IGD and paranoid ideation. Higher IGD was significantly associated with more insomnia severity, which was, in turn, significantly associated with more paranoid ideation. Cyberbullying partly mediated the association between IGD and psychoticism. Higher IGD scores were significantly associated with more cyberbullying, which was, in turn, significantly associated with more psychoticism. Finally, greater IGD was significantly and directly associated with higher psychoticism. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that insomnia and cyberbullying may be regarded as potential targets for youth mental health promotion, as well as community-focused prevention and early intervention in psychosis. More particular attention should be devoted to the huge potential for engaging in cyberbullying among online gamers. Sleep deprivation should be prevented, assessed and treated in heavy gamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba, 2010, Tunisia.
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Eya Lamloum
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Alexandre Andrade Loch
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias (LIM 27), Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wissal Cherif
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba, 2010, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Majda Cheour
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba, 2010, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
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Kang M, Xu B, Chen C, Wang D. Internet addiction and suicidal ideation among Chinese college students: the mediating role of psychotic-like experiences. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1276496. [PMID: 37841710 PMCID: PMC10568022 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1276496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals with Internet addiction (IA) are at significant risk of suicide-related behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the relationships among IA, psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), and suicidal ideation (SI) among college students. Methods A total of 5,366 college students (34.4% male, mean age 20.02 years) were assessed using the self-compiled sociodemographic questionnaires, Revised Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R), 15-item Positive subscale of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-P15), Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale (SIOSS), and 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2). Results The prevalence of IA and SI were 9.3 and 12.1% among Chinese college students, respectively. There were direct effects of IA and PLEs on SI. The total effect of IA on SI was 0.18 (p < 0.001). PLEs mediated the relationship between IA and SI (Indirect effect = 0.07). Conclusion IA had both direct and indirect effects on SI. These findings enable us to elucidate the mechanism of how IA influences individual SI, which can provide vital information for developing and implementing targeted interventions and strategies to alleviate SI among Chinese college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Kang
- Graduate Institute for Taiwan Studies, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bingna Xu
- Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chunping Chen
- Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Pérez‐Sáenz J, Ortuño‐Sierra J, Pérez‐Albéniz A, Mason O, Fonseca‐Pedrero E. Problematic Internet Use in adolescents: New psychometric evidence for the Spanish short form of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3133. [PMID: 37533174 PMCID: PMC10498087 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Problematic Internet Use (PIU) has become a worldwide problem in recent years. Among screening instruments for PIU, the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) is perhaps the most widely used. Psychometric properties of the full CIUS are not convincing, however, and the short form (CIUS-S) has shown promising results, albeit limited to the English version, with little evidence in Spanish. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to study the psychometric properties of the CIUS-S scores in a large sample of Spanish adolescents. METHOD The sample consisted of 1790 participants, 816 male (45.6%), 961 female (53.7%), and 13 other (0.7%) . Mean age was 15.70 years (SD = 1.26). RESULTS The five-items one-dimensional model displayed appropriate goodness-of-fit indices. Strong measurement invariance model across age and partial across gender was found. Furthermore, the CIUS-S was positively associated with several indicators of poor well-being and mental health, and negatively associated with prosocial behavior, self-esteem, and feeling of belonging. CONCLUSION Overall, the CIUS-S scores appear reliable and valid in its Spanish version for adolescent populations, supporting its aim to detect and prevent a problem that has become a major worldwide issue in the last years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Pérez‐Sáenz
- Educational Sciences DepartmentUniversity of La RiojaLogroñoSpain
- Programa Riojano de Investigación en Salud Mental (PRISMA)LogroñoSpain
| | - Javier Ortuño‐Sierra
- Educational Sciences DepartmentUniversity of La RiojaLogroñoSpain
- Programa Riojano de Investigación en Salud Mental (PRISMA)LogroñoSpain
| | - Alicia Pérez‐Albéniz
- Educational Sciences DepartmentUniversity of La RiojaLogroñoSpain
- Programa Riojano de Investigación en Salud Mental (PRISMA)LogroñoSpain
| | - Oliver Mason
- School of PsychologyUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK
| | - Eduardo Fonseca‐Pedrero
- Educational Sciences DepartmentUniversity of La RiojaLogroñoSpain
- Programa Riojano de Investigación en Salud Mental (PRISMA)LogroñoSpain
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Yang Y, Luo Y, Chen M, Zhai J. Life Events, Boredom Proneness and Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency: A Longitudinal Mediation Analysis Based on Latent Growth Modeling (LGM). Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2407-2416. [PMID: 37426385 PMCID: PMC10327903 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s416183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mobile phone addiction has motivated a widespread concern in recent years. From a developmental perspective, this study explored the predictive relations between life events, boredom proneness (BP), and mobile phone addiction tendency (MPAT) among undergraduate students. It also tested the longitudinal mediation of BP between life events and MPAT. Methods Five hundred and eighty-four undergraduate students completed the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale, the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, and the Boredom Proneness Scale-Short Form. A longitudinal mediation analysis based on latent growth modeling was conducted to test the hypothesized relationships among life events, BP and MPAT. Results Latent growth modeling (LGM) showed that the BP and MPAT of undergraduate students both increased linearly. A longitudinal model based on LGM showed that negative life events both directly and indirectly affected the initial level and the growth rate of the MPAT through the mediating effect of the initial level of BP. Conclusion These results reveal that negative life events are an indicator of the development of MPAT. It has practical implications for calling for adopting health coping styles when facing negative life events. Supported for reducing college students' boredom proneness in order to lessen the tendency towards mobile phone addiction to improve their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntong Yang
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhai
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
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Wang X, Ding T, Lai X, Yang C, Luo J. Negative Life Events, Negative Copying Style, and Internet Addiction in Middle School Students: A Large Two-year Follow-up Study. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37363770 PMCID: PMC10047474 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-023-01045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Through a two-year follow-up study among 2,845 middle school students, we examined the impact of baseline negative life events (NLE) on follow-up negative copying style (NCS) and Internet addiction (IA), and the mediation of NCS between NLE and IA. We found that all NLE, NCS, and IA were correlated, and that both NLE and NCS were risk factors for IA. Structural equation modeling (SEM) results showed that NLE were associated with increased NCS (β = 0.17, p < 0.01) and IA (β = 0.16, p < 0.01), that NCS was associated IA ( β = 0.33, p < 0 0.01), and that NCS partially mediated the effect of NLE on IA ( β = 0.17, p < 0.01). This large longitudinal study provided solid empirical evidence that NLE and NCS played important roles in IA among middle school students. Educators and policy makers may adopt corresponding approaches to address IA among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, 1 Harmonious Avenue, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000 China
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, 1 Harmonious Avenue, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000 China
| | - Xiaobing Lai
- Department of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, 1 Harmonious Avenue, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000 China
| | - Chengwu Yang
- Measurement and Outcome Section, Division of Biostatistics and Health Service Research, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
- Department Obstetrics & Gynecology, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| | - Jianghong Luo
- Department of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, 1 Harmonious Avenue, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000 China
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Malaeb D, Loch AA, Farah N, Stambouli M, Cheour M, Obeid S, Hallit S. Problematic Smartphone Use Mediates the Pathway from Suicidal Ideation to Positive Psychotic Experiences: a Large Cross-Sectional, Population-Based Study. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023:1-18. [PMID: 36820017 PMCID: PMC9930705 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-023-01028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study followed the newly hypothesized "suicidal drive for psychosis" suggesting that psychosis may be consequential to suicidal ideation (SI) and behavior and attempted to explain parts of the pathway between these variables. To this end, we aimed to test whether problematic smartphone use (PSU) has an indirect mediating effect in the cross-sectional relationship between SI and positive psychotic experiences (PEs). Lebanese community young adults (N=4158; 64.4% females; mean age 21.91±3.79) have been invited to participate to a cross-sectional, web-based study in the period from June to September 2022. After adjusting for potential confounders (i.e., the living situation, marital status, household crowding index, economic pressure, cannabis use, other drugs use, and past history of mental illness other than psychosis), we found that higher levels of suicidal ideation was significantly associated with greater PSU, which was also positively and significantly associated with more positive PEs. Finally, greater suicidal ideation was significantly and directly associated with more positive PEs. Our findings suggest that SPU may be regarded as a potential target for prevention and intervention in psychosis. Clinicians, educators, and school administrators ought to give greater attention to PSU among vulnerable young people who present with SI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry “Ibn Omrane”, Razi Hospital, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alexandre Andrade Loch
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias (LIM 27), Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nour Farah
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Manel Stambouli
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry “Ibn Omrane”, Razi Hospital, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Majda Cheour
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry “Ibn Omrane”, Razi Hospital, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sahar Obeid
- School of Arts and Sciences, Social and Education Sciences Department, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, 21478 Saudi Arabia
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
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Amendola S, Cerutti R, Presaghi F. Symptoms of Prolonged Social Withdrawal, Problematic Internet Use, and Psychotic-Like Experiences in Emerging Adulthood: A Moderation Model. CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2023; 20:29-38. [PMID: 36936621 PMCID: PMC10016104 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective Prolonged social withdrawal (PSW) or hikikomori and problematic internet use (PIU) have attracted the attention of mental health experts worldwide. The scientific literature suggests a complex relationship between these conditions and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) or disorders. In the present cross-sectional study, we tested the role of PIU symptoms as a moderator of the relationship between symptoms of PSW and PLEs in a sample of 238 Italian emerging adults. Method Data was collected using the 25-item Hikikomori Questionnaire, the Internet Disorder Scale, the Brief Prodromal Questionnaire, and the Brief Symptom Inventory. In addition, lifetime psychological disorders and drug and alcohol use during the last month were explored. No participant reported a lifetime episode of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder. Results Symptoms of PSW and PIU were significantly associated with PLEs total distress and PLEs total number of symptoms endorsed, after adjustment for age and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Further, PIU symptoms moderated the relationship between symptoms of PSW and PLEs total distress (b= 2.745, s.e.= 1.089, p= 0.012). However, PIU symptoms did not moderate the relationship between PSW and PLEs total symptoms (b= 0.615, s.e.= 0.349, p= 0.078). This study is limited because the participants were most likely university students and because of the cross-sectional design. Conclusions Findings from this study partially support the role of high symptoms of PIU as a risk factor in the relationship between symptoms of PSW and PLEs. Future longitudinal research is needed to confirm our findings examining the temporal relationship between PSW, PIU, and PLEs using both dimensional and categorical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Amendola
- Department of Applied Psychology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences
- Corresponding author Simone Amendola E-mail:
| | - Rita Cerutti
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza - University of Rome
| | - Fabio Presaghi
- Department of Psychology of Development and Socialization Processes, Sapienza - University of Rome
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The relationship between technology addictions and schizotypal traits: mediating roles of depression, anxiety, and stress. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:67. [PMID: 36698079 PMCID: PMC9875437 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04563-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The way how technology addiction relates to psychosis remains inconclusive and uncertain. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis of a mediating role of depression, anxiety and stress in the association between three technology (behavioral) addictions (i.e., Addiction to the Internet, smartphones and Facebook) and psychosis proneness as estimated through schizotypal traits in emerging adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among non-clinical Tunisian university students (67.6% females, mean age of 21.5 ± 2.5 years) using a paper-and-pencil self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS Results for the Pearson correlation revealed that higher smartphone, Internet, and Facebook addictions' scores were significantly and positively correlated with each of the depression, anxiety and stress subscores; whereas depression (r = 0.474), anxiety (r = 0.499) and stress (r = 0.461) scores were positively correlated with higher schizotypal traits. The results of the mediation analysis found a significant mediating effect for depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms on the cross-sectional relationship between each facet of the TA and schizotypal traits. CONCLUSION Our findings preliminarily suggest that an addictive use of smartphones, Internet and Facebook may act as a stressor that exacerbates psychosis proneness directly or indirectly through distress. Although future longitudinal research is needed to determine causality, we draw attention to the possibility that treating psychological distress may constitute an effective target of interventions to prevent psychosis in adolescents with technology addictions.
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12
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Messena M, Everri M. Unpacking the relation between children's use of digital technologies and children's well-being: A scoping review. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 28:161-198. [PMID: 36138339 PMCID: PMC9902989 DOI: 10.1177/13591045221127886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, a substantial number of studies have addressed children's use of technologies and their impact on well-being. Nonetheless, there is still a lack of clarity on the operationalisation of technology use, well-being, and the relation between the two. This scoping review intended to shed lights on Digital Technologies Use, its operationalisation, and the relation between Digital Technologies Negative Use (DTNU) and children's well-being. For the scope of the special issue we focused on negative use. Results showed two conceptualisations of DTNU: compulsive/addictive use of devices and the Internet (e.g., Internet addiction) and negative online experiences/risky behaviours (e.g., cyberbullying). Well-being in relation to DTNU was mainly studied in terms of psycho/social dimensions (e.g., depression), and a gap in cognitive well-being studies was identified. Study designs were largely quantitative, and, in most studies, well-being was considered as a predictor of DTNU. Also, research with children under 12 years was lacking. Future research on DTNU should look at: how dimensions of addiction and negative online experiences relate; provide more evidence on cognitive well-being; explore the interplay of well-being multiple components relying on integrative conceptual frameworks. The recent notion of digital well-being should also be explored considering the results of this review.
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Pandi-Perumal SR, Conus P, Krebs MO, Cheour M, Seeman MV, Jahrami HA. Prevalence and risk factors of self-reported psychotic experiences among high school and college students: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2022; 146:492-514. [PMID: 36000793 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents are at high risk of incident psychopathology. Fleeting psychotic experiences (PEs) that emerge in young people in response to stress may be warning signs that are missed by research that fails to study stressed populations, such as late high school and college/university students. Our aim in this systematic review was to conduct a meta-analysis that estimates prevalence rates of PEs in students, and to assess whether these rates differ by gender, age, culture, and COVID-19 exposure. METHOD We searched nine electronic databases, from their inception until January 31, 2022 for relevant studies. We pooled the estimates using the DerSimonian-Laird technique and random-effects meta-analysis. Our main outcome was the prevalence of self-reported PEs in high school and college/university students. We subsequently analyzed our data by age, gender, population, country, culture, evaluation tool, and COVID-19 exposure. RESULTS Out of 486 studies retrieved, a total of 59 independent studies met inclusion criteria reporting 210' 024 students from 21 different countries. Nearly one in four students (23.31%; 95% CI 18.41%-29.05%), reported having experienced PEs (heterogeneity [Q = 22,698.23 (62), p = 0.001] τ2 = 1.4418 [1.0415-2.1391], τ = 1.2007 [1.0205-1.4626], I2 = 99.7%, H = 19.13 [18.59-19.69]). The 95% prediction intervals were 04.01%-68.85%. Subgroup analyses showed that the pooled prevalence differed significantly by population, culture, and COVID-19 exposure. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis revealed high prevalence rates of self-reported PEs among teen and young adult students, which may have significance for mental health screening in school settings. An important realization is that PEs may have very different mental health meaning in different cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal
- Somnogen Canada Inc., Toronto, Canada.,Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Philippe Conus
- Service of General Psychiatry, Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP-Lausanne), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Odile Krebs
- Inserm, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des maladies Psychiatriques, UMR_S1266 Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Institut de Psychiatrie (CNRS GDR 3557), Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Majda Cheour
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Mary V Seeman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Haitham A Jahrami
- Psychiatric Hospital, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
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Zhang W, Pu J, He R, Yu M, Xu L, He X, Chen Z, Gan Z, Liu K, Tan Y, Xiang B. Demographic characteristics, family environment and psychosocial factors affecting internet addiction in Chinese adolescents. J Affect Disord 2022; 315:130-138. [PMID: 35901990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet addiction of adolescents has aroused social concern recently. The present study aims to identify predicting factors of internet addiction on adolescents. METHODS The demographic characteristics and psychological characteristics of 50, 855 middle school students were investigated through Internet Gaming Disorder Scale- Short Form(IGDS9-SF), Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS), Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-students (SDQS), 16-Item Version of the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS), Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10) were used to analyze factors associated with internet addiction by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple hierarchical regression. RESULTS IGDS9-SF, SABAS and BSMAS are positively correlated with SDQS, PQ-16, PHQ-9, GAD-7 and MPVS (r-values ranging from 0.180 to 0.488, p < 0.01). IGDS9-SF, SABAS and BSMAS are negatively correlated with WEMWB and CD-RISC (r-values ranging from -0.242 ~ -0.338, p < 0.01). Multiple hierarchical regression shown gender, one-child, twins, left-behind, rural, education (father), drink (father), smoke (father), CD-RISC-10, SDQS, PQ-16, PHQ-9, GAD-7 and MPVS predicted 32.7 % of the variance in internet gaming disorder (IGD) (F = 1174.949, p < 0.001). Group (junior and senior), Gender, Age, One-Child, Twins, Village, Education (father), Drink (father), Drink (mother), Smoke (father), WEMWBS, CD-RISC-10, SDQS, PQ-16, PHQ-9, GAD-7 and MPVS predicted 28.9 % of the total variance in social media addiction (SMA) (F = 982.932, p < 0.001). Fifteen variables [Gender, Age, Twins, Left-behind, Residence, Residence, Education (mother), Drink(father), Drink (mother), Smoke (father), WEMWBS, CD-RISC-10, PHQ-9, GAD-7 and MPVS] predicted 30.7 % of the variance in smartphone addiction (SA) (F = 1076.02, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The present study found that demographic characteristics, family environment and psychosocial factors were associated with internet gaming addiction, social media addiction and smartphone addiction. Negative psychological factors (such as anxiety and depression) play an important role in different behavioral addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanling Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jianlin Pu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China; Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ruini He
- Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Minglan Yu
- Medical Laboratory Center, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Liling Xu
- Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiumei He
- Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ziwen Chen
- Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhiqin Gan
- Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kezhi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Youguo Tan
- Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China; Mental Health Research Center, Zigong Institute of Brain Science, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China; Mental Health Research Center, Zigong Institute of Brain Science, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China; Institute of cardiovascular research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China; Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China.
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15
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Away R, Jahrami H, Cheour M. Internet addiction is associated with psychological distress in highly schizotypal students. Early Interv Psychiatry 2022. [PMID: 36196053 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is some limited evidence of an association between technology addictions and emergence of pre-psychotic symptoms, high psychoticism, psychotic like experiences and high schizotypy among young non-clinical adults. These addictions and their subsequent distress are likely to contribute to transition to psychosis in individuals at risk. We aimed to compare smartphone, Internet and Facebook addictions between low and high schizotypal individuals; and to explore the association between these addictions and distress in the high schizotypy group. METHODS From a pool of 700 students, the final sample consisted of 74 low schizotypal and 70 high schizotypal students. The Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale, the Internet Addiction Test, the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales. RESULTS Students of the high schizotypy group displayed significantly greater scores on smartphone (p < .001), Internet (p < .001) and Facebook (p = .001) addictions scales, as compared to those of the low schizotypy group. After controlling for potential confounders, Internet addiction predicted psychological distress in the high schizotypy group (R2 = 0.380, F(13,55) = 2.597, p < .001) and explained an additional 19.7% of variation in Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales total scores in the final model. CONCLUSION Although preliminary, our findings shed light on relatively new avenues for prevention and early intervention in psychosis. It is recommended to raise awareness about Internet addiction risks, particularly among vulnerable young adults; and to find ways to turn Internet into a protective rather than stressor factor, by utilizing it as a resource in the care pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry Ibn Omrane, Razi Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rami Away
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Haitham Jahrami
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.,Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Majda Cheour
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry Ibn Omrane, Razi Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
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16
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Association of Cyberbullying and Internet Use Disorder. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2022; 9:575-588. [PMID: 36160297 PMCID: PMC9483413 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-022-00440-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to critically assess the published studies on the relationship between cyberbullying and internet use disorder (IUD), and propose directions for further study. Recent Findings There were only four prospective studies out of thirty-two reviewed studies conducted since 2004, with only one prospective study conducted during the past 5 years. The field of study has been stagnant during the past 5 years with the vast majority of studies conducted on primary or secondary education and failing to address cyberbullying and IUD in social media and online gaming. Summary Cyberbullying and IUD have been described since the nineties, yet there are still significant issues with their definition and research. Lately, both these problematic behaviors are sharing the same environments in social media and online gaming. This critical appraisal of published research examined thirty-two published peer-reviewed studies carried out since 2004. Findings indicate a number of significant issues including an overreliance on cross-sectional study design, near-exclusive focus on primary and secondary education students, widespread employment of unstandardized measures for cyberbullying and IUD, and lack of assessment for objective measures of psychological distress. Directions for future research are offered.
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17
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Amendola S, Presaghi F, Teo AR, Cerutti R. Psychometric Properties of the Italian Version of the 25-Item Hikikomori Questionnaire for Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191610408. [PMID: 36012042 PMCID: PMC9408307 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hikikomori is a form of social withdrawal that is commonly described as having an onset during adolescence, a life stage when other psychiatric problems can also emerge. This study aimed to adapt the 25-item Hikikomori Questionnaire (HQ-25) for the Italian adolescent population, examining its psychometric properties; associations between hikikomori and psychoticism, depression, anxiety, problematic internet use (PIU), psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), to confirm convergent validity of the HQ-25; and the interaction effect between symptoms of hikikomori and PIU in predicting PLEs. Two-hundred and twenty-one adolescents participated in the study. Measures included the HQ-25, the Psychoticism subscale of the Personality Inventory for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the Depression and Anxiety subscales of the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Internet Disorder Scale, and the Brief Prodromal Questionnaire. Data showed a satisfactory fit for a three-factor model for the HQ-25 that is consistent with the original study on the HQ-25. Three factors (socialization, isolation, and emotional support) were associated with psychopathology measures. Six participants reported lifetime history of hikikomori. Symptoms of hikikomori and PIU did not interact in predicting PLEs. This is the first study to validate the HQ-25 in a population of adolescents. Findings provide initial evidence of the adequate psychometric properties of the Italian version of the HQ-25 for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Amendola
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Presaghi
- Department of Psychology of Development and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alan Robert Teo
- Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care (CIVIC), VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Rita Cerutti
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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18
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Wang D, Chen H, Chen Z, Liu W, Wu L, Chen Y, Sun M, Fan F. Current psychotic-like experiences among adolescents in China: Identifying risk and protective factors. Schizophr Res 2022; 244:111-117. [PMID: 35661996 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aim to explore the prevalence of current PLEs over past month and relevant influential factors among adolescents. METHODS A total of 67,538 students completed one online survey between April 21st and May 12th, 2021. Current PLEs were assessed using the 8-item Positive Subscale of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-P8). Participants were defined as having frequent PLEs if they selected "often" or "nearly always" on one or more items of CAPE-P8. Family function, school climate and a series of socio-demographic were also evaluated. RESULTS In this sample, 49.3% adolescents reported having at least one PLE over the past month, while 15.4% experienced high frequent PLEs. Alcohol intake was positively associated with high frequent PLEs (OR = 2.61, 95% CI = 2.37-2.88). Adolescents with chronic physical illness (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.73-2.18) or family history of psychiatric illness (OR = 2.61, 95% CI = 2.22-2.77) were more likely to suffer from high frequent PLEs. Dysfunction family function (OR moderate = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.98-2.09; OR severe = 6.98, 95% CI = 6.48-7.53) or poor school climate (OR = 3.14, 95% CI = 2.93-3.37) was associated with elevated high frequent PLEs. CONCLUSIONS Several factors of socio-demographics, unhealthy lifestyle, family and school environments are found to be related to frequent PLEs. These factors should also be taken into consideration for effective psychosocial intervention in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Wang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huilin Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, UK
| | - Zihao Chen
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxu Liu
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Wu
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Sun
- Department of Social Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Fan
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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Dysfunctional Attitudes as a Mediator in the Association Between Problematic Internet Use and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. JOURNAL OF RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10942-021-00394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Chu H, Yang Y, Zhou J, Wang W, Qiu X, Yang X, Qiao Z, Song X, Zhao E. Social Support and Suicide Risk Among Chinese University Students: A Mental Health Perspective. Front Public Health 2021; 9:566993. [PMID: 33681117 PMCID: PMC7925394 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.566993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: World Health Organization recognizes suicide as a public health priority. This study aimed to investigate the risk life events which led university students to consider suicide and explore the protective mechanism of social support (including subjective support, objective support, and support utilization) on suicide risk. Methods: Three thousand nine hundred and seventy-two university students were recruited in Harbin, China. Social Support Rating Scale, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the 25-item scale of suicide acceptability were used to collect participants' information. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and mediation analysis were employed for statistical analysis. Results: "Drug addict," "infected with HIV," and "incurable illness" were the top three events that led university students to consider suicide. Social support played an important protective role against suicide risk. Subjective support and support utilization had total effects on suicide acceptability, including direct and indirect effects. Anxiety (indirect effect = -0.022, 95% CI = -0.037 ~ -0.009) and depressive symptoms (indirect effect = -0.197, 95% CI = -0.228 ~ -0.163) mediated the relationship between subjective support and suicide acceptability; meanwhile, the association between support utilization and suicide acceptability was mediated by anxiety (indirect effect = -0.054, 95% CI = -0.088 ~ -0.024) and depressive symptoms (indirect effect = -0.486, 95% CI = -0.558 ~ -0.422). However, the protective impact of objective support worked totally through decreasing anxiety (indirect effect = -0.018, 95% CI = -0.035 ~ -0.006) and depressive symptoms (indirect effect = -0.196, 95% CI = -0.246 ~ -0.143). Moreover, the mediation effects of depressive symptoms had stronger power than anxiety in the impact of social support on suicide risk. Conclusions: Among Chinese university students, suicide acceptability was elevated when there was a health scare. Social support effectively reduced suicide risk via decreasing anxiety and depressive symptoms. From the mental health perspective, families, peers, teachers, and communities should work together to establish a better social support system for university students, if necessary, help them to seek professional psychological services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Chu
- Medical Psychology Department of the Public Health Institute of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanjie Yang
- Medical Psychology Department of the Public Health Institute of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Medical Psychology Department of the Public Health Institute of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Medical Psychology Department of the Public Health Institute of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- Medical Psychology Department of the Public Health Institute of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuxian Yang
- Medical Psychology Department of the Public Health Institute of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhengxue Qiao
- Medical Psychology Department of the Public Health Institute of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuejia Song
- Medical Psychology Department of the Public Health Institute of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Erying Zhao
- Medical Psychology Department of the Public Health Institute of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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21
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Uršič K, Bucik V, Klemenčič S, Bratina N, Battelino T, Dovč K, Drobnič Radobuljac M. Validation of the Lifetime Incidence of Traumatic Events (LITE-S/P) Questionnaires in Children and Adolescents in Slovenia. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:665315. [PMID: 34276439 PMCID: PMC8280467 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.665315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A traumatic event is an extremely threatening and frightening experience in an individual's life. Children who are exposed to traumatic events are twice as likely to develop a mental disorder. Screening can provide insight into the traumatic experience of children, identifying those eligible for further evaluation, and support. With this aim, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the Lifetime Incidence of Traumatic Events questionnaire (LITE) in Slovene by calculating retest reliabilty, construct validity (cross-informant agreement) and external validity, where we calculated the correlation of the number of differenet traumatic events with psychopathological symptoms. Methods: 280 child-parent pairs (children aged 11.3 ± 2.2 years) from various Slovenian primary schools participated in the study. They were divided into two groups: 180 healthy primary school students and 100 children with Type 1 Diabetes (our study was a part of a larger study The Influence of Psychobiological Adversity on Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Study). Two versions of the LITE questionnaire were used. Children completed the child report (LITE-S) and parents the parent report (LITE-P) version. After 4 weeks, 117 children, and 114 parents filled out the LITEs again. External validity was assessed using the Youth Self Report and Child Behaviour Checklist syndrome-oriented scales. Results: Retest reliability for individual scales was r = 0.469-0.639 (ρ = 0.443-0.636; p < 0.001), but higher for individual items (κ = 0.263-0.821; p < 0.001). Correlations between reports from parents and children were r = 0.313-0.345 (ρ = 0.317-0.348; p < 0.001). The number of different events experienced by children correlated significantly with the measured depressive-anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Conclusions: Based on our results, the LITE-S and LITE-P "All events" scale have acceptable psychometric properties for use in research and in clinical practise screening. We recommend looking at single items, taking into consideration the responses from both the child and the parent for more precise information. To improve the precision of the psychodiagnostic capacity of the questionnaire, further research on various populations should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Uršič
- Department for Haematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Valentin Bucik
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simona Klemenčič
- Department for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Bratina
- Department for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tadej Battelino
- Department for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Klemen Dovč
- Department for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Drobnič Radobuljac
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Unit for Intensive Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department for Mental Health, University Psychiatric Hospital Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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22
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Roca-Campos E, Duque E, Ríos O, Ramis-Salas M. The Zero Violence Brave Club: A Successful Intervention to Prevent and Address Bullying in Schools. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:601424. [PMID: 34305662 PMCID: PMC8292679 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.601424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullying among peers in schools is a growing problem affecting children and adolescents from an early age worldwide. The consequences of bullying victimization in the emotional development of children and youth and their academic achievement are adverse for them and the rest of the school community, with its negative impact extending into the mid and long run. The Zero Violence Brave Club is implemented in schools in the framework of the Dialogic Model of Violence Prevention, a successful educational action according to the INCLUD-ED project [Strategies for inclusion and social cohesion in Europe from Education] (6th Framework Program of Research of the European Commission). The Zero Violence Brave Club has decreased peer bullying in schools by establishing and cultivating a culture of zero tolerance to violence in educational centers located in diverse socioeconomic and cultural contexts. This evidence-based intervention is grounded in the principle that only the person who denounces violence suffered by a peer and takes a stand always on the victim's side-and those who support her or him-against the aggressor can be considered brave. This article reports a qualitative study of the Zero Violence Brave Club as a successful intervention in seven schools in Spain. The schools are diverse in terms of public or private ownership, religious or lay background, and population served (different proportions of cultural minorities and students with special needs), challenging the misconception that the impact of educational interventions depends on the context. Interviews were conducted with teachers in the schools implementing the Zero Violence Brave Club in their class, using the communicative methodology of research. The results shed light on specific mechanisms through which the Zero Violence Brave Club prevents and responds to bullying in schools, such as emptying of social attractiveness any aggressive behaviors or attitudes. Benefits on mental health and psychological wellbeing are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Roca-Campos
- Departament of Comparative Education and Education History, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Duque
- Department of Theory and History of Education, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Ríos
- Department of Pedagogy, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mimar Ramis-Salas
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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23
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Taylor JH, Calkins ME, Gur RE. Markers of Psychosis Risk in the General Population. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:337-348. [PMID: 32220500 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The categorical approach to defining schizophrenia spectrum disorders requires meeting established criteria. To advance early identification and intervention in young people, the field has progressed to studying help-seeking individuals who are at clinical high risk based on subthreshold psychosis spectrum symptoms, and criteria have been articulated for qualifying individuals as at risk. A broader dimensional examination of psychosis has been applied to population-based studies on non-help seekers. This review highlights the ascertainment and assessment approaches to such population-based studies. Most studies are cross-sectional and rely on questionnaires with limited overlap of tools. However, several consistent findings emerge on symptoms, neurocognitive deficits, and neuroimaging parameters and other biomarkers associated with emergence and persistence of psychotic features. The findings are consistent with the literature on abnormalities associated with schizophrenia, including the presence of neurocognitive deficits; abnormalities in brain structure, function, and connectivity that are related to distress; impairment; and functional outcome. These findings support the validity of studying psychosis experiences during development in a way that can chart the emergence of psychosis in the context of general psychopathology. Such studies are necessary for establishing developmental trajectories that characterize this emergence and for identifying risk and resilience biomarkers moderating or modulating the full range of schizophrenia-related manifestations. More community-based studies are needed, with better standardization and harmonization of measures and incorporating longitudinal follow-up, to establish mechanistic links between cellular-molecular aberrations and specific manifestations of psychosis as envisioned by the precision medicine agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome H Taylor
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Penn Medicine and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Monica E Calkins
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Penn Medicine and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Penn Medicine and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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