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Jiang L, Yoo Y. Adolescents' short-form video addiction and sleep quality: the mediating role of social anxiety. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:369. [PMID: 38943173 PMCID: PMC11214215 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01865-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical period for individual growth and development. Insufficient sleep adversely affects adolescents' physical development, blood pressure, vision, and cognitive function. This study examined the effect of short-form video addiction on adolescents' sleep quality, as well as the mediating role of social anxiety, to identify methods for improving adolescents' sleep quality in the Internet era. METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted in this cross-sectional study on 1629 adolescents recruited from three high schools. Their short-form video addiction, social anxiety, and sleep quality were evaluated using corresponding scales. Pearson correlation analysis was carried out to analyze the relationships among short-form video addiction, sleep quality, and social anxiety. Mediating effect analysis was constructed using AMOS 20.0 statistical software. RESULTS Participants' sleep quality score is 6.12 ± 3.29 points. The detection rate of sleep quality among them is 31.06%. Short-form video addiction, sleep quality, and social anxiety are significantly correlated (r = 0.439, 0.404, 0.457, P < 0.001). The direct effect of short-form video addiction on sleep quality is 0.248, accounting for 62.4% of the total effect. The indirect effect exerted through social anxiety is 0.149, accounting for 37.6%. CONCLUSIONS Sleep disorders are very common among Chinese adolescents. Short-form video addiction is positively correlated with adolescents' sleep quality and social anxiety. Social anxiety partially mediates the relationship between short-form video addiction and sleep quality. The adverse effects of short-form video addiction and social anxiety on the sleep quality of this group must be minimized. Schools are recommended to implement measures to promote sleep quality among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Physical Education Institute, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
| | - Yizoon Yoo
- Chonnam University, Jeollanam do, Gwangju, South Korea
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Yan N, Long Y, Yuan H, Zhou X, Xie B, Wang Y. The Impact of Mobile Social Media Use on Depressive Mood Among College Students: A Chain Mediating Effect of Upward Social Comparison and Cognitive Overload. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:2111-2120. [PMID: 38813394 PMCID: PMC11135570 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s447372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The 18-24 age group has a much higher rate of depression risk than other age groups, and this age group has the highest proportion among users of mobile social media. The relationship between the use of mobile social media and depressive mood is inconsistent and the mechanism of action is controversial. Purpose This study explored the relationship among the intensity of social media use, upward social comparison, cognitive overload and depressive mood. Methods In this research, we used the Brief Self-rating Depression Scale (PHQ-9), the Social Media Usage Intensity Questionnaire, the Social Comparison Scale on Social Networking Sites and the Social Networking Site Cognitive Overload Scale to investigate the depressive mood and mobile social media use of 568 college students. Results The intensity of mobile social media use, social networking site upward social comparison, and social networking site cognitive overload are all positively correlated with depressive mood. The intensity of mobile social media use has a positive predictive effect on depressive mood, with upward social comparison and cognitive overload acting as independent mediators in the relationship between mobile social media use intensity and depressive symptoms, as well as exhibiting a chained mediating effect of upward social comparison-cognitive overload. Conclusion The upward social comparison and cognitive load that occur during the use of mobile social media are important predictive factors for the occurrence of depressive mood. This study is a supplement to the mechanism of the relationship between mobile social media use and depression, providing more evidence-based evidence and intervention directions for university teachers, mobile social media developers, and psychologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ne Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Xi’an Honghui Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychology, Xi’an Physical Education University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Long
- Department of Psychology, Xi’an Physical Education University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiling Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- The College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Xie
- Department of Psychology, Xi’an Physical Education University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xi’an Honghui Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychiatry, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
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Kim Y, Dhammasaccakarn W, Laeheem K, Rinthaisong I. The Impact of Family Functioning Factors on Smartphone Addiction and Phubbing among Muslim Adolescents in Thailand. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:522. [PMID: 38790517 PMCID: PMC11119046 DOI: 10.3390/children11050522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there is research on protective factors against smartphone addiction (SA) and phubbing, which impact adolescents' physical, psychological, interpersonal, and academic well-being, focused studies on these issues among Thai Muslim students in Southern Thailand remain scarce. OBJECTIVES To bridge this gap, this research aimed to explore the influence of five family functioning factors-discipline, communication and problem-solving (CPS), relationship, emotional status, and family support-guided by family systems theory and the McMaster Model, on SA and phubbing. METHODS Data from 825 Thai Muslim adolescent secondary school students (Female N = 459 (55.7%), Mage = 15.11 ± 1.78) across three southern Thai provinces were analyzed utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM). RESULTS Significant connections were identified between family functioning factors, particularly emotional status and discipline, and SA, and their impact on phubbing behavior. SA was found to mediate the relationship between these two family factors and phubbing. Interestingly, a higher quality of family relationships was found to be associated with an increased risk of SA, while the other two family functions-CPS and family support-demonstrated no significant association with these digital behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Despite its limitations, including a cross-sectional design and reliance on self-reports, the study underscores the importance of specific family functions in preventing and addressing adolescent SA and phubbing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Kim
- Human and Social Development, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Wanchai Dhammasaccakarn
- Human and Social Development, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Kasetchai Laeheem
- Human and Social Development, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Idsaratt Rinthaisong
- Public Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
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Tao Y, Tang Q, Wang S, Zou X, Ma Z, Zhang L, Liu G, Liu X. The impact of long-term online learning on social anxiety and problematic smartphone use symptoms among secondary school students with different levels of fear of missing out: Evidence from a symptom network and longitudinal panel network analysis. J Behav Addict 2024; 13:102-119. [PMID: 38206330 PMCID: PMC10988399 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2023.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The advancement of communication technology and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic have led to an increased reliance on online education. However, the effects of the long-term use of smart devices for online learning on students' social anxiety and problematic smartphone use (PSU) and the role of fear of missing out (FoMO) in this process have yet to be fully explored. Methods This study analysed longitudinal data from 2,356 high school students (female = 1,137 (48.26%), mean age = 13.84, SD age = 1.37) in China, divided into high- and low-FoMO groups based on their scores on the FoMO scale, to examine the impact of four months of online learning on social anxiety and PSU. The Social Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI) were used to assess social anxiety and PSU symptoms. Results The undirected symptom networks revealed more bridge symptoms among the students in the high-FoMO group, although their overall symptom scores decreased. The results of the directed cross-lagged panel networks showed that "productivity loss" predicted other symptoms in the low-FoMO group but that "afraid of negative evaluation" was the predictor in the high-FoMO group. Meanwhile, "withdrawal/escape" and "productivity loss" were the symptoms that were most affected by other symptoms in the high-FoMO and low-FoMO groups, respectively. Conclusions The current study therefore sheds light on the changes in social anxiety and PSU symptoms among secondary school students during long-term online learning, as well as the moderating role of FoMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Tao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Qihui Tang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shujian Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xinyuan Zou
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zijuan Ma
- School of Psychology, South Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- College Students' Mental Health Education Center, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, 100875, China
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Long Q, Huang B, Tang Y, Wu J, Yu J, Qiu J, Huang Y, Huang G. Peer victimization and non-suicidal self-injury among high school students: the mediating role of social anxiety, mobile phone addiction, and sex differences. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:25. [PMID: 38178004 PMCID: PMC10768228 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05495-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peer victimization (PV) is one of the major causes of non-suicidal self-injury. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), peer victimization, social anxiety, and mobile phone addiction are significantly related; however, the interaction mechanism and effect of sex differences remain to be determined. OBJECTIVE Herein, we investigated the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI among Chinese high school students. We also explored the chain mediating roles of social anxiety and mobile phone addiction and the regulatory role of sex. The findings of this study provide insights for theoretical interventions based on internal mechanisms. METHOD A self-reported survey of 14,666 high school students from Sichuan County was conducted using a peer victimization scale, NSSI scale, social anxiety scale, and mobile phone addiction scale. A self-administered questionnaire was used to capture sociodemographic information. RESULTS Peer victimization, social anxiety, and mobile phone addiction were positively correlated with NSSI. Peer victimization had significant direct predictive effects on NSSI (95% CI: 0.341, 0.385) and significant indirect predictive effects on NSSI through social anxiety (95% CI: 0.008, 0.019) or mobile phone addiction (95% CI: 0.036, 0.053). Peer victimization had significant indirect predictive effects on NSSI through social anxiety as well as mobile phone addiction (95% CI: 0.009, 0.014). The first stage (predicting the effect of peer victimization on NSSI) and the third stage (predicting the effect of mobile phone addiction on NSSI) were both moderated by sex. CONCLUSIONS Peer victimization could directly predict NSSI and indirectly predict NSSI through social anxiety and mobile phone addiction. Thus, social anxiety and mobile phone addiction exhibited chain mediating effects between peer victimization and NSSI in high school students; moreover, sex might be involved in the regulation of the mediation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianmei Long
- Department of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, 637000, Nanchong, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, 637000, Nanchong, China
| | - Yiyu Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, 637000, Nanchong, China
| | - Junlin Wu
- The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, 621000, Mianyang, China
| | - Jia Yu
- The Third Hospital of Panzhihua, Panzhihua Mental Health Center, 617061, Panzhihua, China
| | - Junlin Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, 637000, Nanchong, China
| | - Yanqing Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, 637000, Nanchong, China
| | - Guoping Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, North Sichuan Medical College, 637000, Nanchong, China.
- The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, 621000, Mianyang, China.
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Kang KW, Kim J, Kim KT, Kim MK, Cho YW. Association Between Electronic Device Use at Bedtime and COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Adverse Events During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korean Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e413. [PMID: 38111283 PMCID: PMC10727916 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to heightened mood disturbances linked to increased electronic device use at bedtime (EUB). General anxiety may contribute to an increased likelihood of experiencing nocebo responses, which have been reported to be associated with COVID-19 vaccine-related adverse events (CAEs). However, no related studies have been conducted to examine this association to date. METHODS We executed a nationwide cross-sectional study to explore these correlations during the pandemic. Using data from the 2022 National Sleep Survey of South Korea, we analyzed the sleep health of 4,000 adults aged 20-69 years between January and February 2022. Shift workers and those with severe sleep disorders were excluded. Participants with EUB more than four days a week were labeled as high frequency EUB, and those reporting CAEs after both vaccine doses were marked as having a presence of CAEs. The survey also included details about anthropometric data, socioeconomic status, and sleep status. RESULTS Of the 3,702 participants, 92.6% had received two or more vaccine doses, with 41.2% experiencing CAEs. Furthermore, 73.7% had a high EUB frequency. Factors associated with CAE reporting included younger age, female sex, and high EUB frequency, while heavy alcohol use was found to be less likely to be associated with CAE reporting. Notably, a high EUB frequency was significantly associated with reported CAEs (odds ratio, 1.223; 95% confidence interval, 1.028-1.455; P = 0.023). CONCLUSION A nationwide online survey conducted in South Korea during the pandemic found that individuals who engaged in the relatively frequent use of electronic devices during bedtime had worse sleep quality and increased COVID-19-related adverse events compared with those using these devices less frequently. These findings have the potential to enhance our understanding of the impact of the use of electronic devices at bedtime on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Wook Kang
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Keun Tae Kim
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Myeong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yong Won Cho
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
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Jo H, Baek EM. Exploring the dynamics of mobile app addiction: the interplay of communication, affective factors, flow, perceived enjoyment, and habit. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:404. [PMID: 37986198 PMCID: PMC10662456 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid proliferation of mobile apps and their increasing usage have led to growing concerns about potential addiction among users. Previous research has identified several factors that contribute to addiction, including flow, perceived enjoyment, and habit. However, the underlying mechanisms and the role of affective factors remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the key factors that affect mobile app addiction by proposing a theoretical framework incorporating communication, affective factors, flow, perceived enjoyment, and habit. Data were collected from 320 mobile app users through a questionnaire survey. The research employed partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the data and test the proposed relationships. The analysis indicates that communication is significantly associated with perceived enjoyment but does not directly affect flow and habit. The research unveils that positive affect significantly influences both flow and perceived enjoyment, but does not influence habit. Negative affect was found to have no significant effect on flow, perceived enjoyment, and habit. The results demonstrate that flow, perceived enjoyment, and habit are significantly related to addiction. The findings reveal that perceived enjoyment has a substantial impact on both flow and habit. These findings offer valuable guidelines for future research and practical implications for developers and policymakers in addressing the challenges associated with mobile app addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jo
- HJ Institute of Technology and Management, 71 Jungdong-ro 39, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14721, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Baek
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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Peng P, Chen Z, Ren S, Liu Y, He R, Liang Y, Tan Y, Tang J, Chen X, Liao Y. Determination of the cutoff point for Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale for adolescents: a latent profile analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:675. [PMID: 37716941 PMCID: PMC10504767 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS) is a validated 6-item measurement tool for assessing problematic smartphone use (PSU). However, the absence of established cutoff points for SABAS hinders its utilities. This study aimed to determine the optimal cutoff point for SABAS through latent profile analysis (LPA) and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses among 63, 205. Chinese adolescents. Additionally, the study explored whether PSU screening with SABAS could effectively capture problematic social media use (PSMU) and internet gaming disorder (IGD). METHOD We recruited 63,205. adolescents using cluster sampling. Validated questionnaires were used to assess PSMU, IGD, and mental health (depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, well-being, resilience, and externalizing and internalizing problems). RESULTS LPA identified a 3-class model for PSU, including low-risk users (38.6%, n = 24,388.), middle-risk users (42.5%, n = 26,885.), and high-risk users (18.9%, n = 11,932.). High-risk users were regarded as "PSU cases" in ROC analysis, which demonstrated an optimal cut-off point of 23 (sensitivity: 98.1%, specificity: 96.8%). According to the cutoff point, 21.1% (n = 13,317.) were identified as PSU. PSU adolescents displayed higher PSMU, IGD, and worse mental health. PSU screening effectively captured IGD (sensitivity: 86.8%, specificity: 84.5%) and PSMU (sensitivity: 84.5%, specificity: 80.2%). CONCLUSION A potential ideal threshold for utilizing SABAS to identify PSU could be 23 (out of 36). Employing SABAS as a screening tool for PSU holds the potential to reliably pinpoint both IGD and PSMU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhangming Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Silan Ren
- Department of Nursing, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruini He
- Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yudiao Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Youguo Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yanhui Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
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Liu X, Tian R, Liu H, Bai X, Lei Y. Exploring the Impact of Smartphone Addiction on Risk Decision-Making Behavior among College Students Based on fNIRS Technology. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1330. [PMID: 37759931 PMCID: PMC10526789 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Smartphone Addiction is a social issue caused by excessive smartphone use, affecting decision-making processes. Current research on the risky decision-making abilities of smartphone addicts is limited. This study used the functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) brain imaging technique and a Sequential Risk-Taking Task experimental paradigm to investigate the decision-making behavior and brain activity of smartphone addicts under varying risk levels. Using a mixed experimental design, the research assessed decision-making ability and brain activation levels as dependent variables across two groups (addiction and control), two risk amounts (high and low), and two outcomes (gain and loss). The study included 42 participants, with 25 in the addiction group and 17 in the control group. Results indicated that risk level significantly impacted the decision-making ability of smartphone addicts, with high-risk levels leading to weaker decision-making ability and increased risk-taking. However, at low-risk levels, decision-making abilities between addicts and healthy individuals showed no significant difference. Furthermore, brain imaging results using fNIRS revealed stronger brain activation in the dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (dlPFC) region for smartphone addicts under loss outcome conditions, with no significant differences between the two groups in terms of brain activation at varying risk volumes. These findings are critical in promoting healthy smartphone use, guiding clinical treatment, and advancing brain mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Liu
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China; (R.T.); (H.L.); (X.B.)
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Ruoyi Tian
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China; (R.T.); (H.L.); (X.B.)
| | - Huafang Liu
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China; (R.T.); (H.L.); (X.B.)
| | - Xue Bai
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China; (R.T.); (H.L.); (X.B.)
| | - Yi Lei
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China; (R.T.); (H.L.); (X.B.)
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Liu Y, Chen J, Chen K, Liu J, Wang W. The associations between academic stress and depression among college students: A moderated chain mediation model of negative affect, sleep quality, and social support. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2023; 239:104014. [PMID: 37633175 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing competition in tight job market and academic excellence as a social norm in Asian culture have made Chinese college students burdened with immense academic stress. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the associations between academic stress and depression, and the mediating roles of negative affect and sleep quality, as well as the moderating role of social support in the relationship between negative affect and sleep quality. METHODOLOGY A convenience sample of 221 male and 479 female college students aged between 17 and 25 completed questionnaires on academic stress, depression, negative affect, sleep quality and social support. RESULTS Results indicated that academic stress could not only directly affect depression (b = 0.31, p < 001), but also affect depression through the mediation role of negative affect and sleep quality. The chain mediating effects includes three paths, namely, the mediating role of negative affect (indirect effect = 0.21, percentage of total effect = 69.58 %), the mediating role of sleep quality (indirect effect = 0.06, percentage of total effect = 21.03 %), and the chain mediating role of negative affect and sleep quality (indirect effect = 0.06, percentage of total effect = 19.86 %). Social support moderated the adverse influence of negative affect on sleep quality. Social support decreases the impact of negative affect on sleep quality. Specifically, the association between negative affect and sleep quality was stronger for college students with low (bsimple = 0.44, p < 0.001) social support than those with high (bsimple = 0.32, p < 0.001) social support. IMPLICATIONS The results advanced our understanding of how academic stress affects college students' depression. These findings provide implications on the cultivation of stress coping strategies, promotion of emotion regulation skills, exaltation of sleep quality, and improvement of the social support level aiming for future depression preventions and interventions. Specific measures include setting up psychological health courses, teaching emotion management strategies, and establishing web-based programme steming from acceptance and commitment therapy. It should be noted that the cross-sectional design means the causal associations among the variables could not be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Liu
- Department of Education Policy and Leadership, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Educational, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Junjun Chen
- Department of Education Policy and Leadership, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Educational Technology, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Journalism, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Psychology, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China.
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Lee MS, Lee H. Problematic Smartphone Use and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Suicidal Ideation Among South Korean Adolescents. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:843-852. [PMID: 37794666 PMCID: PMC10555507 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of problematic smartphone use (PSU) among adolescents and its association with anxiety and suicidal ideation. METHODS The 16th cross-sectional, population-based Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey was administered in 2020 and included 54,948 adolescents. We used the Korean version of the smartphone overdependence scale and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale to assess PSU and anxiety. Suicidal ideation was assessed through responses to the self-report question. Multiple logistic regression analyses with complex sampling were conducted to identify the association of PSU with anxiety and suicidal ideation. RESULTS In total, 25.1% of the adolescents reported PSU, 33.2% had anxiety symptoms, and 10.9% had seriously considered suicide during the past 12 months. Girls with PSU had a higher risk of anxiety (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.65 to 2.97) and suicidal ideation (aOR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.64 to 1.91) than non-PSU girls. Boys with PSU reported more anxiety (aOR, 2.89; 95% CI, 2.72 to 3.07) and suicidal ideation (aOR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.66 to 1.99) than the non-PSU group. In addition, girls with the lowest household income reported more suicidal ideation than girls with the highest household income (aOR, 3.40; 95% CI, 2.69 to 4.28). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the prevalence of PSU among South Korean adolescents in 2020. The prioritization of the detection of PSU and the identification of psychological factors may help improve the diagnosis and management of mental health problems and potentially yield significant psychosocial benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Sun Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hooyeon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Prasad S, Ait Souabni S, Anugwom G, Aneni K, Anand A, Urhi A, Obi-Azuike C, Gibson T, Khan A, Oladunjoye F. Anxiety and depression amongst youth as adverse effects of using social media : A Review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:3974-3981. [PMID: 37554895 PMCID: PMC10406047 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Social media use has become widely popularized in modern society and because of that, human interactions have drastically changed. In parallel, depression and anxiety have reached unprecedented levels among the youth, and concerns have emerged on social media use compromising mental health. The objectives of our review are to explore if there is a relation between social media and the development of those two disorders among youth, to highlight the patterns that could lead to them, and to give recommendations for future research. Methods Based on the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) Criteria, the authors performed a search of all-time articles published in the Medline database using terms such as social media, social media use, problematic social media use, depression, anxiety, suicidality, self-harm, fear of missing out, cyberchondria, cyberbullying, sexting, and online shopping. The initial search yielded 184 924 articles. After review, 77 articles were included for discussion. Results Social media use is often associated with depression and anxiety. Different patterns are thought to predict poorer mental health outcomes like multitasking, emotional investment, appearance-based activities, passive media use, problematic social media use, cyberbullying, sexting, and disaster awareness. Conclusion Specific patterns of engagement with social media appear to be associated with poor mental health outcomes in youth. It is important for physicians to address social networks exposure in well-visits and for parents to communicate about it openly. However, more in-depth research needs to be done to determine a relation of causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Prasad
- Faculty of Medicine, National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
| | - Sara Ait Souabni
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Marrakesh, Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco
| | - Gibson Anugwom
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine
| | | | - Ayush Anand
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Alexsandra Urhi
- Mental Health Department, Federal Medical Center Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria
| | | | - Taneil Gibson
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences (UMHS), New York
| | - Asma Khan
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
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Mahmoud MA, Abolashamat KT, Quronfulah BS, Rajeh MT, Badawoud AM, Alzhrani AM, Abdouh IM, Badri HM. The Effects of Social Media Addiction, Psychological Distress, and Loneliness on Suicide Ideations and Attempts Among Healthcare Professionals in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e44234. [PMID: 37772254 PMCID: PMC10523106 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, there has been an alarming increase in psychological distress in many populations. One of the reasons can be attributed to the rapid development of technology and social media, which could adversely affect the mental health of individuals, including those working in healthcare. This study aimed to assess the influence of social media addiction, psychological distress, and loneliness on suicidal ideations and suicide attempts among healthcare students and professionals in Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study collected data from healthcare students and professionals using a five-part questionnaire: (i) demographics, (ii) the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), (iii) the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), (iv) the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DGLS), and (v) suicide ideation and attempts scale. RESULTS There were 800 participants from 33 cities who completed the questionnaire. A total of 31.37% reported lifelong thoughts of suicide, regardless of whether they would actually go through with it (S1), 18.38% had suicidal thoughts within the last 12 months (S2), and 11% had attempted suicide (S3). Of those who attempted suicide, 79 (89.77%) reported seeking help. Multiple logistic regression showed that lifetime suicidal thoughts were predicted by psychological distress, emotional loneliness (EL), social loneliness (SL), and age. Having had suicidal thoughts within the prior 12 months was predicted by psychological distress, SL, and age. Suicidal attempts were predicted by psychological distress, EL, age, and social media addiction. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that psychological distress and loneliness are strongly associated with suicidal ideas and suicide attempts. Such results could serve as a warning call that assists healthcare professionals and mental health teams in arranging and planning effective interventions and actions to raise awareness, as well as reduce the levels of psychological distress and loneliness that could lead to grave consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Mahmoud
- Public Health, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Baraa S Quronfulah
- Health Promotion and Health Education, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Mona T Rajeh
- Public Health Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Amal M Badawoud
- Pharmacy Practice, Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Ismail M Abdouh
- Oral Basic and Clinical Sciences, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawara, SAU
| | - Hatim M Badri
- Environmental Health, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
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Birinci T, Van Der Veer P, Mutlu C, Mutlu EK. The Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of Smartphone Impact Scale. Eval Health Prof 2023; 46:84-91. [PMID: 35575445 DOI: 10.1177/01632787221097703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Smartphone Impact Scale (SIS) was originally developed in English to determine the cognitive, affective, social, and behavioral impacts of smartphones. This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the SIS instrument into Turkish and investigate its psychometric properties. Two hundred and sixty-four young and middle-aged adults (186 females) with a mean age of 36.24 years (SD = 14.93; range, 18-65 years) were included. For cross-cultural adaptation, two bi-lingual translators used the back-translation procedure. Within a 5-to-7-day period after the first assessment, the participants completed the Turkish version of SIS (SIS-T) to evaluate test-retest reliability. Cronbach's alpha (α) was used to assess internal consistency. The correlation between the Turkish version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-T) and the Nottingham Health Profile was determined to check the validity. The SIS-T had a high-level internal consistency (α = 0.86) and test-retest reliability (ICC2,1 = 0.56 to 0.89 for subscales). The SIS-T subscales were correlated with the SAS-T (r = 0.31 to 0.66, p < 0.01), indicating a good concurrent validity. The results show that the SIS-T is semantically and linguistically adequate to determine smartphones' cognitive, affective, social, and behavioral impacts on young and middle-aged adults. Good internal validity and test-retest reliability of the SIS-T were defined to evaluate the impacts of smartphones among Turkish-speaking young and middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tansu Birinci
- 226842Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
| | - Pınar Van Der Veer
- 469683Istinye University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Turkey
| | - Caner Mutlu
- 37523Bursa Uludağ University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Diseases, Turkey
| | - Ebru Kaya Mutlu
- 450200Bandırma Onyedi Eylul University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Turkey
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15
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Zhang K, Guo H, Wang T, Zhang J, Yuan G, Ren J, Zhang X, Yang H, Lu X, Zhu Z, Du J, Shi H, Jin G, Hao J, Sun Y, Su P, Zhang Z. A bidirectional association between smartphone addiction and depression among college students: A cross-lagged panel model. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1083856. [PMID: 36761134 PMCID: PMC9902510 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1083856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Smartphone addiction (SA) is associated with adverse consequences, especially for freshmen. Evidence indicates that SA is associated with depression, and it is necessary to conduct a longitudinal study to explore the association further. Methods SA (measured by the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version) and depression (measured by the Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale) among 1,186 freshmen were surveyed at baseline and a respective 12-month follow-up for each participant. The application of a cross-lagged panel model approach (CLPM) revealed an association between SA and depression after adjusting for demographic variables. Results The CLPM results showed a significant path from baseline SA to follow-up depression (β = 0.08, P < 0.001) and a significant path from baseline depression to follow-up SA (β = 0.08, P < 0.001). Compared with the overall cross-lagged model, the cross-lagged coefficient of the path from baseline SA to follow-up depression increased in the female group (β = 0.10, P = 0.015), and the cross-lagged coefficient of the path from baseline depression to follow-up SA also increased significantly (β = 0.15, P < 0.001). In contrast, the cross-lagged model in the male group showed no predictive effect between SA and depression (P > 0.05). Conclusions The current study showed a significant bidirectional association between smartphone addiction and depression among freshmen, but only in the female population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haiyun Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tianli Wang
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Jianghui Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guojing Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Ren
- The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guifang Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiahu Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Puyu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Zhihua Zhang ✉
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16
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Ma A, Yang Y, Guo S, Li X, Zhang S, Chang H. Adolescent resilience and mobile phone addiction in Henan Province of China: Impacts of chain mediating, coping style. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278182. [PMID: 36574414 PMCID: PMC9794036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As mobile phone use grows, so it brings benefits and risks. As an important part of adolescents healthy growth, resilience plays an indispensable role. Thus, it is important to identify when mobile phone use of an adolescent becomes an addiction. This study proposed to explore the effects of adolescent resilience on mobile phone addiction, and tested the mediating role of coping style and depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS) on phone addiction among 2,268 adolescents in the Henan province, China. METHODS The adolescents were surveyed via an online questionnaire, a mobile phone addiction index (MPAI), a depression, anxiety, and stress scale with 21 items (DASS-21), the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents (RSCA), and the Simplified coping style questionnaire (SCSQ), and we used structural equation modeling to examine the correlations and moderation effects. All data analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 and Amos 23.0. RESULTS The results show that adolescences resilience were negatively related to negative coping, DASS, and mobile phone addiction; both coping style and DASS could mediate the relationship between adolescent resilience and mobile phone addiction among Chinese adolescents. The relationship between adolescent resilience and mobile phone addiction in Chinese adolescents was mediated by the chain of coping styles and DASS. CONCLUSIONS There is a negative relationship which exists between resilience and mobile phone addiction in this population. In addition, stress, anxiety, depression, and coping style significantly influence the risk of adolescent mobile phone addiction and play an intermediary role in Chinese adolescent resilience and mobile phone addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ma
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Shuangxi Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan province, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | | | - Hongjuan Chang
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China,* E-mail:
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17
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Nowak M, Rachubińska K, Starczewska M, Kupcewicz E, Szylińska A, Cymbaluk-Płoska A, Grochans E. Correlations between Problematic Mobile Phone Use and Depressiveness and Daytime Sleepiness, as Well as Perceived Social Support in Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13549. [PMID: 36294125 PMCID: PMC9603194 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) The aim of this study was to estimate the scale of mobile phone addiction among young adults as well as to establish whether the low level of perceived social support is related to problematic smartphone use, and whether an addictive pattern of mobile phone use is related to the prevalence of depressiveness and excessive daytime sleepiness. (2) The study was carried out using the diagnostic poll method via the questionnaire technique. Both the author's own questionnaire and the following standardized research tools were used: the Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale for Adolescents (MPPUSA), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). (3) Perceived social support was significantly lower in the group of respondents who problematically used their mobile phones in comparison with the ones who used them in a proper way. Severity of depressive symptoms and daytime sleepiness was significantly higher in respondents addicted to their mobiles compared to nonaddicted ones. (4) Conclusions: An important correlation between phone addiction and the prevalence of depressive symptoms and excessive daytime sleepiness exists. Problematic mobile phone use concerns individuals with low levels of perceived social support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nowak
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamila Rachubińska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Starczewska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Kupcewicz
- Department of Nursing, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 14 C Zolnierska Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szylińska
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
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18
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Joshi SC, Woodward J, Woltering S. Cell phone use distracts young adults from academic work with limited benefit to self-regulatory behavior. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-17. [PMID: 36248215 PMCID: PMC9547567 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03830-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We aim to uncover theoretical mechanisms associated with potential negative (i.e., multitasking) and positive (i.e., self-regulation) aspects of cell phone use (CPU) for academic performance in young adults. We hypothesized that, according to the Switch-Load Theory, repeated CPU during academic activities (CPU_Multitasking) would relate negatively, whereas, according to Zimmerman's Theory of Self-Regulated Learning, CPU for self-regulated learning behaviors (CPU_SRLBehavior) would relate positively to the academic performance of undergraduate students. 525 (75.4% female) undergraduate students from a large public university participated in this study during fall 2019 by completing validated quantitative surveys accessing their CPU and academic performance. Spearman's rho was used to compute the correlations and hierarchical regression was used to analyze the variance. Spearman rank-order coefficient showed that CPU_Multitasking relates negatively, but CPU_SRLBehavior is unrelated to the college GPA of undergraduate students. Hierarchical regression showed that CPU_Multitasking was not a significant predictor of academic performance. Young adults who switch to their cell phones during class or study-related activities are more likely to have lower performance in exams as CPU_Multitasking costs time and efficiency (Switch Load Theory). Young adults who use their cell phones for self-regulated learning behavior are less likely to have an impact on their academic performance as CPU_SRLBehavior helps regulate habits but not learning processes. With the known theoretical mechanisms for CPU multitasking and SRL Behavior, this study provides a guiding document for educational computing system practitioners to explore more theory-driven empirical approaches in the field of CPU and academic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh C. Joshi
- Centre for Continuing Education, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Knowledge Acres, Kandoli, Dehradun, India 248007
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, 718B Harrington Tower, College Station, TX 77843-4225 USA
| | - Jay Woodward
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, 718B Harrington Tower, College Station, TX 77843-4225 USA
| | - Steven Woltering
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, 718B Harrington Tower, College Station, TX 77843-4225 USA
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The Prevalence and Predictors of Problematic Mobile Phone Use: a 14-Country Empirical Survey. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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20
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Diffey J, Wright S, Uchendu JO, Masithi S, Olude A, Juma DO, Anya LH, Salami T, Mogathala PR, Agarwal H, Roh H, Aboy KV, Cote J, Saini A, Mitchell K, Kleczka J, Lobner NG, Ialamov L, Borbely M, Hostetler T, Wood A, Rodriguez-Uruchurtu AM, Lawrance E. "Not about us without us" - the feelings and hopes of climate-concerned young people around the world. Int Rev Psychiatry 2022; 34:499-509. [PMID: 36165749 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2022.2126297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The feelings and hopes of young people around the world are often neglected in policymaking and research, with consequences for both their wellbeing and the effectiveness of humanity's response to the climate crisis. Many of them are distressed by climate change's impacts, the inaction of political and corporate leaders, the ways other people respond to their feelings, and the lack of support they have to share their feelings or get involved in meaningful climate-related work. This paper is written by a group of twenty-three concerned young people from fifteen countries. It provides a first-hand account of our deepest feelings, how these feelings affect our daily lives, the support we want to help us cope, and our hopes for a radically more compassionate future. The results are particularly relevant to policymakers, mental health professionals, journalists, educators, and people working with young people more widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Diffey
- Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aditiya Saini
- University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| | | | - Jessica Kleczka
- Freelance Climate Psychology Researcher [Not affiliated with an organisation], UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emma Lawrance
- Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Mental Health Innovations, UK
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Relationship between Nomophobia, Various Emotional Difficulties, and Distress Factors among Students. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:716-730. [PMID: 35877453 PMCID: PMC9316259 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12070053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of nomophobia is a relatively new and is defined as the fear of not being able to use all the features and benefits provided by smartphones. The main goal of this research was to examine the relationship between nomophobia and various emotional difficulties and distress factors. The following measuring instruments were used on a sample of 257 Croatian students whose average age was 22 years: Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q); Scales of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress (DASS); Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale (SELSA); and Emotional Skills and Competences Questionnaire (ESCQ-15). Significant correlations between nomophobia and all examined variables were determined. It was found that nomophobia and emotional skills and competence act as significant predictors in expression of distress factors: 30% of the variance in the severity of depression symptoms, 24% of the variance in the severity of anxiety symptoms, and 26% of the variance in the severity of stress symptoms were explained.
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Lim SA. Relationship Between Korean Adolescents’ Dependence on Smartphones, Peer Relationships, and Life Satisfaction. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2022; 52:603-618. [PMID: 35814497 PMCID: PMC9253240 DOI: 10.1007/s10566-022-09703-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background In recent years, the penetration rate of smartphones among Korean teenagers has increased, making it critical to clarify the influence of these devices on adolescents' lives. Objective This study investigated the effects of smartphone dependence on peer relationships and life satisfaction among Korean adolescents. Methods Using the middle school panel of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS), longitudinal data of 2,250 participants (53.4% boys) at Grade 1 (M age = 14.01, SD = 0.03) in 2018, Grade 2 in 2019, and Grade 3 in 2020 were analyzed to examine the causal relationships between smartphone dependence, peer relationships, and life satisfaction. Results This study found that smartphone dependence had a longitudinal effect on negative peer relationships. Negative peer relationships had a longitudinal negative effect on early adolescents' life satisfaction. Finally, negative peer relationships in early adolescents longitudinally mediated the relationship between smartphone dependence and life satisfaction. Conclusions This study showed that early adolescents' dependence on smartphones negatively affects their social relationships and, in turn, negative relationships with peers hindered life satisfaction, suggesting that adolescents' smartphone use should be guided and, when necessary, receive assistance to develop control of their smartphone use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ah Lim
- Department of Education, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, 54896 Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do South Korea
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Ma A, Yang Y, Guo S, Li X, Zhang S, Chang H. The Impact of Adolescent Resilience on Mobile Phone Addiction During COVID-19 Normalization and Flooding in China: A Chain Mediating. Front Psychol 2022; 13:865306. [PMID: 35814111 PMCID: PMC9261930 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.865306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural disasters cause long-term psychological problems and increase substance use in some adults. However, it is unclear whether disasters also lead to these problems in adolescents. We hypothesized the influence of adolescent resilience on mobile phone addiction during the normalization of COVID-19 and flooding. We tested the mediating role of coping style and depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS) on phone addiction among 1,751 adolescents in the Henan Province in China. The adolescents were surveyed via an online questionnaire, and we used structural equation modeling to examine the correlations and moderation effects. The results show that coping style and DASS could mediate the relationship between adolescent resilience and mobile phone addiction among Chinese adolescents. A chain of coping styles and DASS mediated the relationship between adolescent resilience and mobile phone addiction in Chinese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ma
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Nursing, St. Paul University Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shuangxi Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | | | - Hongjuan Chang
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- *Correspondence: Hongjuan Chang,
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Anxiety, Addiction to Social Networks, Internet and Smartphones in Paraguayan Adolescents: A Brief Report. Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol 2022; 10:58-63. [PMID: 35836475 PMCID: PMC9238431 DOI: 10.2478/sjcapp-2022-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several authors have pointed out that the use of smartphones might have an impact on mental health in general. Most of the evidences are focused on the incorrect or overblown use of smartphones, videogame or Internet, particularly focusing on related addiction problems among adolescents. Objective The present study, although preliminary, aims to report the first evidence in Paraguay regarding the association between anxiety and addiction to social networks/internet as well as the use of smartphones among adolescents. Method Participants (100 adolescents, aged 12- 17 years old) were assessed in a school setting with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Scale of risk of Addiction to Social Networks and Internet for adolescents (ERA-RSI). Categorical variables and associations were statistically assessed. Results The average smartphone use in boys rated 8.06 ±3.81 hours and in girls 9.46 ±4.4 hours. The BAI mean score was 20.71 ± 13.2. Of the participants, 27% reported moderate anxiety, and 36% severe anxiety and scores on this scale were not associated with hours of smartphone use. The ERA-RSI mean score was 1.94 ± 0.46 and anxiety was related to the symptoms-addiction, social-use, and nomophobia dimensions of the scale. Conclusion The misuse of smartphones in the Paraguayan pediatric population has been reported to be closely related to anxious symptoms. Our results suggest further research with an impact on possible public health policies aimed at preserving the mental health of children and adolescents exposed to internet and electronic devices.
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Adamczewska-Chmiel K, Dudzic K, Chmiela T, Gorzkowska A. Smartphones, the Epidemic of the 21st Century: A Possible Source of Addictions and Neuropsychiatric Consequences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095152. [PMID: 35564547 PMCID: PMC9099766 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Phonoholism is the excessive and harmful use of a smartphone. We are now observing this phenomenon among adults more often. Using a smartphone for several hours may lead to somatic and psychological symptoms, such as headaches and depression. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of phonoholism and to assess the association between smartphone overuse and neuropsychiatric disorders. Materials and Methods: A total of 368 people (70.1% were woman), aged between 19 and 82 years (average age 26.1), took part in an anonymous questionnaire consisting of the following elements: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale (MPPUS-9), and original questions regarding headaches and sleep quality, along with a subjective assessment of the use of smartphones and an objective evaluation based on data from the applications “Stay Free” and “Screen Time”. Results: A total of 61 respondents (16.6%) obtained a score on the MPPUS-9 scale, which revealed their problematic use of mobile devices. Patients with phonoholism had significantly more headaches (85% vs. 58.7%, p = 0.027). Subjects with phonoholism had significantly shorter mean sleep duration (7.14 h vs. 7.42 h, p = 0.0475) and were less likely to feel sleepy during the day (43.33% vs. 59.73%, p = 0.0271). The group with phonoholism had significantly higher scores on the HADS-A anxiety scale (8.29 vs. 10.9, p = 0.015), but a statistical significance was not confirmed for depressive symptoms. Conclusions: The excessive use of the telephone negatively affects both somatic and mental health and can pose a significant clinical problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Adamczewska-Chmiel
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Dudzic
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Chmiela
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Agnieszka Gorzkowska
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
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Tastan S, Tastan B, Ayhan H, Iyigun E, Kose G, Tekaut A. Relationship between nursing students' smartphone addiction and interaction anxiety: A descriptive relation-seeker type study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1922-1928. [PMID: 33694164 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between nursing students' smartphone addiction and interaction anxiety. DESIGN AND METHODS This descriptive relation-seeker type study was conducted with 333 students. The Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version and the Interaction Anxiousness Scale were used. FINDINGS Of the students who participated in the study, 12% were at risk for smartphone addiction. A statistically significant correlation was determined between the scores for the two scales used. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS As students' smartphone addiction risks increased, their interaction anxiety also appeared to increase, pointing to a need for guidance to restrict smartphone use in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevinc Tastan
- Department of Nursing, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Birhan Tastan
- Department of Banking and Finance, Girne American University, Girne, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Hatice Ayhan
- Department of Surgical Nursing, Gulhane Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Iyigun
- Department of Surgical Nursing, Gulhane Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulsah Kose
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Aslı Tekaut
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Gulhane Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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De Pasquale C, Pistorio ML, Sciacca F, Hichy Z. Relationships Between Anxiety, Perceived Vulnerability to Disease, and Smartphone Use During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in a Sample of Italian College Students. Front Psychol 2021; 12:692503. [PMID: 34335409 PMCID: PMC8316825 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.692503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: As of March 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a "pandemic" by the WHO. This has led to the need for governments around the world to implement restrictive containment and isolation measures to stem the spread of the virus; these measures have included social distancing, isolation, and quarantine. The fear of contagion has been indicated as one of the causes of stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia in the general population. With respect to the response of young people to the pandemic, the category of University students deserves further attention. The sudden change in "University" habits (i.e., poor interaction with teachers and colleagues, disturbing learning environment, and difficulty in adapting to online learning), the consequent loss of a social network, and the economic problems in their families have seriously affected the psychophysical well-being of University students. The aim of this study was to explore, in a sample of Italian University students, the relationships among anxiety, perceived vulnerability to disease, and smartphone use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A sample of 194 volunteer college students (i.e., 86 males and 108 females) aged between 18 and 30 years (M = 21.74; SD = 2.39) were recruited to participate in this study. Participants were recruited through an online questionnaire sent to students of the University of Catania, Italy, and distributed from September 2020 to January 2021. The volunteer participants were given an online protocol that included the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) for the evaluation of fear, the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease (PVD) for the evaluation of perceived vulnerability to disease, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for the evaluation of trait and state anxiety, and the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version for Adolescents and Young Adults (SAS-SV) for the evaluation of use, abuse, or addiction of smartphone use. Results: The fear of COVID-19 did not reach an intensity such as to be defined as serious (i.e., fear score: 15.53) in the whole sample. Both men and women showed a high risk of smartphone addiction (i.e., score of males: 28.33 and score of females: 26.88) in SAS-SV. University students showed moderate trait and state anxiety [i.e., a score of 51.60 in Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and a score of 47.21 in State Anxiety Inventory (SAI)] in STAI. In addition, students showed moderate perceived vulnerability to disease (i.e., a score of 51.51) in PVD. The results showed that fear of COVID-19 and trait anxiety appear to be the predictors of SAI and PVD but not the predictors of risk of smartphone addiction (SAS-SV). Conclusions: The data highlighted the presence of a perception of vulnerability to infections in subjects in which there was also a moderate anxiety, both state and trait, associated with the fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is hoped that a large part of the population will soon be vaccinated, including University students, and therefore, it would be desirable to carry out further assessments in the post-vaccine phase to highlight any differences in the state of anxiety and the perception of vulnerability to infections. The possible positive role of the use of smartphones in maintaining social contacts should also be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta De Pasquale
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Pistorio
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University Hospital of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Sciacca
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Zira Hichy
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Wacks Y, Weinstein AM. Excessive Smartphone Use Is Associated With Health Problems in Adolescents and Young Adults. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:669042. [PMID: 34140904 PMCID: PMC8204720 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.669042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: This present paper will review the existing evidence on the effects of excessive smartphone use on physical and mental health. Results: Comorbidity with depression, anxiety, OCD, ADHD and alcohol use disorder. Excessive smartphone use is associated with difficulties in cognitive-emotion regulation, impulsivity, impaired cognitive function, addiction to social networking, shyness and low self-esteem. Medical problems include sleep problems, reduced physical fitness, unhealthy eating habits, pain and migraines, reduced cognitive control and changes in the brain's gray matter volume. In Conclusion: Excessive smartphone use is associated with psychiatric, cognitive, emotional, medical and brain changes that should be considered by health and education professionals.
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