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Deng H, Abouzeid CA, Shepler LJ, Ni P, Slavin MD, Barron DS, Herrera-Escobar JP, Kazis LE, Ryan CM, Schneider JC. Moderation Effects of Daily Behavior on Associations Between Symptoms and Social Participation Outcomes After Burn Injury: A 6-Month Digital Phenotyping Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 105:1700-1708. [PMID: 38754720 PMCID: PMC11374484 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the moderation effects of daily behavior on the associations between symptoms and social participation outcomes after burn injury. DESIGN A 6-month prospective cohort study. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-four adult burn survivors. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Symptoms and social participation outcomes were assessed weekly using smartphone surveys, including symptoms of pain (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System [PROMIS] Pain Intensity and Pain Interference), anxiety (PROMIS Anxiety), and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire), as well as outcomes of social interactions and social activities (Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation [LIBRE] Social Interactions and Social Activities). Daily behaviors were automatically recorded by a smartphone application and smartphone logs, including physical activity (steps, travel miles, and activity minutes), sleep (sleep hours), and social contact (number of phone calls and message contacts). RESULTS Multilevel models controlling for demographic and burn injury variables examined the associations between symptoms and social participation outcomes and the moderation effects of daily behaviors. Lower (worse) LIBRE Social Interactions and LIBRE Social Activities scores were significantly associated with higher (worse) PROMIS Pain Intensity, PROMIS Pain Interference, PROMIS Anxiety, and Patient Health Questionnaire-8 scores (P<.05). Additionally, daily steps and activity minutes were associated with LIBRE Social Interactions and LIBRE Social Activities (P<.05), and significantly moderated the association between PROMIS Anxiety and LIBRE Social Activities (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Social participation outcomes are associated with pain, anxiety, and depression symptoms after burn injury, and are buffered by daily physical activity. Future intervention studies should examine physical activity promotion to improve social recovery after burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Deng
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Cailin A Abouzeid
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lauren J Shepler
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Pengsheng Ni
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Mary D Slavin
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Rehabilitation Outcomes Center at Spaulding, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel S Barron
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Lewis E Kazis
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Rehabilitation Outcomes Center at Spaulding, Boston, MA
| | - Colleen M Ryan
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Shriners Hospitals for Children-Boston®, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Schneider
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Rehabilitation Outcomes Center at Spaulding, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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Ramadan OME, Alruwaili MM, Alruwaili AN, Elsharkawy NB, Abdelaziz EM, El Badawy Ezzat RES, El-Nasr EMS. Digital Dilemma of Cyberbullying Victimization among High School Students: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Associations with Stress and Mental Well-Being. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:634. [PMID: 38929214 PMCID: PMC11202024 DOI: 10.3390/children11060634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Cyberbullying has emerged as a pervasive problem among high school students, with potentially severe consequences for their mental well-being. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and associations of cyberbullying with stress and mental well-being among high school students in Zagazig, Egypt. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 562 high school students using a random sampling technique. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that included the Cyberbullying Scale, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, multiple regression, mediation, and logistic regression analyses were employed for data analysis. The prevalence of cyberbullying victimization was 38.3%, with 20.6% exposed to two or three cyberbullying behaviors and 4.1% exposed to four or more. Female students, those under 18 years old, those with lower educational achievement, and those with higher daily internet use were more likely to experience cyberbullying. Cyberbullied students reported significantly higher levels of perceived stress and poorer mental well-being compared to non-cyberbullied students. Perceived stress likely mediated the relationship between cyberbullying victimization and general psychological health. Cyberbullying is a significant problem among high school students in Zagazig, Egypt, with detrimental effects on their stress levels and mental well-being. Targeted interventions and prevention strategies are needed to address cyberbullying and promote the well-being of adolescents in the digital age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Majed Mowanes Alruwaili
- College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.E.R.); (A.N.A.); (N.B.E.); (E.M.A.)
| | - Abeer Nuwayfi Alruwaili
- College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.E.R.); (A.N.A.); (N.B.E.); (E.M.A.)
| | - Nadia Bassuoni Elsharkawy
- College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.E.R.); (A.N.A.); (N.B.E.); (E.M.A.)
- Maternal and Newborn Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Enas Mahrous Abdelaziz
- College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.E.R.); (A.N.A.); (N.B.E.); (E.M.A.)
- Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Pathak VK, Tripathi S, Kumar M, Panigrahi SK, Sohkey R, Kadian A, Bhattacharya M, Jha N. Prevalence and factors associated with cyberbullying among adolescents (15-19 years) in Gurugram District - A community based cross-sectional study. Indian J Psychiatry 2024; 66:449-456. [PMID: 38919578 PMCID: PMC11195741 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_867_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Digitalization in the form of increased Internet use through screen media has also shown its ramification like cyberbullying. They are aggressive acts with the intention or motivation to harm another person through technology. The aim is to study the prevalence of cyberbullying and its association with mental illness in the adolescent age group (15-19 years). Methods This community-based cross-sectional study was rolled out among adolescents aged 15-19 years. A total of 387 were given a semistructured interviewer-administered questionnaire consisting of general details, cyberbullying victimization, and offending questions, PHQ-9 and GAD-7. Results The mean (SD) age was 16.8 (1.3) years. More than half (53.2%) were males, and nearly three-fourths (74.4%) were school-going. Around 28.2% reported being cyberbullied at least once in their lifetime. About 7.0% of adolescents were cyberbullied more than once, and 0.8% more than five times in the past 30 days. The most common ways were posting a mean or hurtful picture (31.9%) and the concerned person's comments (24.2%) online. Multivariable logistic regression analysis found that adolescents attending colleges (AOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.4), using tobacco (AOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4 to 4.5), and depressed (of any severity, AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.3) were at significantly increased risk of being cyberbullied (P < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of cyberbullying among adolescents aged 15-19 is notable, with significant associations found between cyberbullying and attending college, tobacco use, and depression. Understanding the correlates of cyberbullying can inform targeted interventions to support mental health and well-being among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Kumar Pathak
- Department of Community Medicine, Amrita School of Medicine, Faridabad, India
| | - Saparya Tripathi
- Department of Psychiatry, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Mohan Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Rohit Sohkey
- Department of Community Medicine, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Apila Kadian
- Department of Community Medicine, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | | | - Namrta Jha
- Department of Community Medicine, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
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Alwuqaysi B, Abdul-Rahman A, Borgo R. The Impact of Social Media Use on Mental Health and Family Functioning Within Web-Based Communities in Saudi Arabia: Ethnographic Correlational Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e44923. [PMID: 38227352 PMCID: PMC10828947 DOI: 10.2196/44923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, increasing numbers of parents, activists, and decision-makers have raised concerns about the potential adverse effects of social media use on both mental health and family functioning. Although some studies have indicated associations between social media use and negative mental health outcomes, others have found no evidence of mental health harm. OBJECTIVE This correlation study investigated the interplay between social media use, mental health, and family functioning. Analyzing data from 314 users, this study explores diverse mental health outcomes. The study places particular emphasis on the Saudi Arabian sample, providing valuable insights into the cultural context and shedding light on the specific dynamics of social media's impact on mental well-being and family dynamics in this demographic context. METHODS We collected data through a subsection of an anonymous web-based survey titled "The Effect of COVID-19 on Social Media Usage, Mental Health, and Family Functioning." The survey was distributed through diverse web-based platforms in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the Saudi sample. The participants indicated their social media accounts and estimated their daily use. Mental health was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire and family functioning was evaluated using the Family Assessment Device Questionnaire. In addition, 6 mental health conditions (anxiety, self-esteem, depression, body dysmorphia, social media addiction, and eating disorders) were self-reported by participants. RESULTS The study demonstrates a pattern of frequent social media use, with a significant portion dedicating 3-5 hours daily for web-based activities, and most of the sample accessed platforms multiple times a day. Despite concerns about social media addiction and perceived unhealthiness, participants cited staying connected with friends and family as their primary motivation for social media use. WhatsApp was perceived as the most positively impactful, whereas TikTok was considered the most negative for our Saudi sample. YouTube, Instagram, and Snapchat users reported poorer mental health compared with nonusers of these platforms. Mental health effects encompassed anxiety and addiction, with age and gender emerging as significant factors. Associations between social media use and family functioning were evident, with higher social media quartiles correlating with a greater likelihood of mental health and unhealthy family functioning. Logistic regression identified age and gender as factors linked to affected mental health, particularly noting that female participants aged 25-34 years were found to be more susceptible to affected mental health. In addition, multivariable analysis identified age and social media use quartiles as factors associated with poor family functioning. CONCLUSIONS This study examined how social media affects mental health and family functioning in Saudi Arabia. These findings underscore the need for culturally tailored interventions to address these challenges, considering diverse demographic needs. Recognizing these nuances can guide the development of interventions to promote digital well-being, acknowledging the importance of familial connections in Saudi society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rita Borgo
- King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Bansal S, Garg N, Singh J, Van Der Walt F. Cyberbullying and mental health: past, present and future. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1279234. [PMID: 38288359 PMCID: PMC10823540 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1279234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cyberbullying has attracted the world's attention, and therefore researchers across the world have contributed to the literature on cyberbullying and mental health. Amongst others, they have conducted bibliometric analyses and associated cyberbullying with various factors but have not determined the impact of cyberbullying on people's mental health. Hence, the aim of this study was to conduct bibliometric analyses of cyberbullying and mental health to analyze the academic performance of the literature on impact of cyberbullying on people's mental health; and to propose future research avenues to make further contributions to this field of study. Methodology Spreadsheets and VOSviewer were used to conduct the bibliometric analysis. The data were extracted from the SCOPUS database which provided an extensive collection of data and journals. Findings Having explored the top active countries publishing on the impact of cyberbullying on people's mental health and the academic performance of such research articles by means of a qualitative bibliometric analysis, the results revealed that this research topic is still to be researched extensively. The study also suggests countries/regions where this research topic can be explored further, as well as possible journals for publication of research results, and further studies to be conducted. Discussion The literature presents a fragmented view on the impact of cyberbullying on people's mental health. Studies on cyberbullying are limited for the reasons as discussed in this article. Hence, bibliometric analysis was conducted to analyze the performance of academic literature on the impact of cyberbullying on people's mental health; the academic performance of research articles on cyberbullying and mental health; and to make proposals toward a future research agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhans Bansal
- University School of Management and Entrepreneurship (USME), Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India
| | - Naval Garg
- University School of Management and Entrepreneurship (USME), Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India
| | - Jagvinder Singh
- Department of Operational Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Freda Van Der Walt
- Faculty of Management Sciences, Department of Business Management, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Enrique Torralbas Oslé J, Corcho Rosales E. Personal Exposure to Social Media and Variations by Gender among Cuban Youth. PSYCHOLOGY IN RUSSIA: STATE OF ART 2023; 16:72-89. [PMID: 38162806 PMCID: PMC10755950 DOI: 10.11621/pir.2023.0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Personal exposure is a crucial aspect of digital socialization. It pertains to the amount of time spent on social networks, the number of active accounts, interactions on different platforms, the content published on social networks, the purpose for which the content is shared, the degree of personal exposure, and the changes in social life caused by the exposure. Gender plays an important role in predicting online behavior, but previous studies have yielded contradictory results. Objective To characterize personal exposure to social media in young Cubans (networks used, hours of exposure, published content, how much of one's private life is exposed, alterations due to its use). To define the differences in personal exposure based on the gender variable. Design A survey specifically created for this research was used. The sample was composed of 3345 young Cuban residents between 18 and 35 years old. Results The young people spent a considerable amount of time per day on WhatsApp, Instagram*, and Facebook/Messenger*. Users shared content related to humor, music/art, and their personal lives. These interactions served as a source of entertainment, a means of communication and socialization, and a platform for expressing opinions on various topics. Personal content was shared frequently. The young people reported experiencing disturbances such as family demands, decreased attention span, difficulty sleeping, and decreased social interactions. There were gender differences in the level of personal exposure, with females reporting higher levels of exposure. Conclusion There are high levels of personal exposure among Cuban youth. Different qualities are manifested according to gender. Females reflect the highest levels of personal exposure.
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Anto A, Asif RO, Basu A, Kanapathipillai D, Salam H, Selim R, Zaman J, Eisingerich AB. Exploring the Impact of Social Media on Anxiety Among University Students in the United Kingdom: Qualitative Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e43037. [PMID: 37327030 PMCID: PMC10337317 DOI: 10.2196/43037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid surge in social media platforms has significant implications for users' mental health, particularly anxiety. In the case of social media, the impact on mental well-being has been highlighted by multiple stakeholders as a cause for concern. However, there has been limited research into how the association between social media and anxiety arises, specifically among university students-the generation that has seen the introduction and evolution of social media, and currently lives through the medium. Extant systematic literature reviews within this area of research have not yet focused on university students or anxiety, rather predominantly investigating adolescents or generalized mental health symptoms and disorders. Furthermore, there is little to no qualitative data exploring the association between social media and anxiety among university students. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic literature review of the existing literature and a qualitative study that aims to develop foundational knowledge around the association of social media and anxiety among university students and enhance extant knowledge and theory. METHODS A total of 29 semistructured interviews were conducted, comprising 19 male students (65.5%) and 10 female students (34.5%) with a mean age of 21.5 years. All students were undergraduates from 6 universities across the United Kingdom, with most students studying in London (89.7%). Participants were enrolled through a homogenous purposive sampling technique via social media channels, word of mouth, and university faculties. Recruitment was suspended at the point of data saturation. Participants were eligible for the study if they were university students in the United Kingdom and users of social media. RESULTS Thematic analysis resulted in 8 second-order themes: 3 mediating factors that decrease anxiety levels and 5 factors that increase anxiety levels. Social media decreased anxiety through positive experiences, social connectivity, and escapism. Social media increased anxiety through stress, comparison, fear of missing out, negative experiences, and procrastination. CONCLUSIONS This qualitative study sheds critical light on how university students perceive how social media affects their anxiety levels. Students revealed that social media did impact their anxiety levels and considered it an important factor in their mental health. Thus, it is essential to educate stakeholders, including students, university counselors, and health care professionals, about the potential impact of social media on students' anxiety levels. Since anxiety is a multifactorial condition, pinpointing the main stressors in a person's life, such as social media use, may help manage these patients more effectively. The current research highlights that there are also many benefits to social media, and uncovering these may help in producing more holistic management plans for anxiety, reflective of the students' social media usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Anto
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rafey Omar Asif
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arunima Basu
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Haadi Salam
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rania Selim
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jahed Zaman
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Mejova Y, Hommadova Lu A. I feel you: Mixed-methods study of social support of loneliness on twitter. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chidiac M, Ross C, Marston HR, Freeman S. Age and Gender Perspectives on Social Media and Technology Practices during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13969. [PMID: 36360853 PMCID: PMC9654135 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined social media and technology use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. Therefore, the main research question and objective of this study was to examine similarities and differences in the influences of mobile technology and social media use on Canadians among different age groups and across gender during the COVID-19 pandemic. From June through October 2021, 204 persons completed a 72-item online survey. Survey questions encompassed COVID-19 pandemic experiences and technology use. Standardized measures including the Psychological Wellbeing measure, eHeals, and the UCLA V3 Loneliness scale were collected to examine the psychological influences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings showed that males under 50 years were most likely to self-isolate compared to the other demographic results of the study. Males reported using technology less than females but were more likely to report using technology to share information regarding COVID-19. Respondents under 50 years were also more likely to use smartphones/mobile phones as their most used mobile technology device, whereas respondents over 50 were more split between smartphones/mobile phones and computers/tablets as their most used device. Males scored higher on the UCLA loneliness scale and lower on the Psychological Wellbeing sub-scores compared to females. Further research should explore additional demographics in relation to broader aspects of digital skills across different age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Chidiac
- Center for Technology Adoption for Aging in the North (CTAAN), University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Christopher Ross
- Center for Technology Adoption for Aging in the North (CTAAN), University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Hannah R. Marston
- Health and Wellbeing Strategic Research Area, School of Health, Wellbeing, Education and Language Studies Social Care, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Shannon Freeman
- Center for Technology Adoption for Aging in the North (CTAAN), University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
- School of Nursing, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
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Gao J, Liu F, Xu J, Wang J, Mou J, Wang L. The influence of family incivility on cyberbullying perpetration: A moderated mediation model. Front Psychol 2022; 13:975335. [PMID: 36092052 PMCID: PMC9454330 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.975335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has extended the stress literature by exploring the relationship between family incivility and cyberbullying perpetration, yet relatively less attention has been paid to underlying psychological mechanisms between that relationship among university students. According to the Frustration-Aggression Theory, this study examined the relationships of family incivility, cyberbullying perpetration, negative emotions and neuroticism among Chinese university students. Data were collected from 814 university students (females, N = 423; Mage = 19.96 years, SD = 3.09). The results examined the mechanism through which family incivility was significantly related to cyberbullying perpetration through the mediation of negative emotions, suggesting a strong link of stressful life events to online aggression. In addition, high levels of neuroticism moderated the relationship between family incivility and cyberbullying perpetration, as well as that between family incivility and negative emotions. The study revealed the chronic and potential impact of family incivility, underlined the interaction between stressful life events and online aggression, and put forward the intervention strategies of cyberbullying among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- International College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Teacher Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- United Faculty of China and French, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Jianjun Xu,
| | - Jinyu Wang
- United Faculty of China and French, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiaqi Mou
- United Faculty of China and French, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lingchao Wang
- College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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