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Yokoyama K, Ihira H, Matsuzaki-Kihara Y, Mizumoto A, Tashiro H, Shimada K, Yama K, Miyajima R, Sasaki T, Kozuka N, Ikeda N. Development of the Self-Assessment Self-Disclosure Questionnaire to Examine the Association between Self-Disclosure and Frailty among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan. Geriatrics (Basel) 2024; 9:67. [PMID: 38920423 PMCID: PMC11202530 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics9030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-disclosure is the attitude of communicating one's experiences and condition to others and is an indicator of mental health and an open personality. Frailty, characterized by reduced physical and psychological resistance, predicts the incidence of dependency and mortality. Although low self-disclosure may be associated with frailty, there is no scale to measure older adults' self-disclosure. This cross-sectional study assessed the validity of a self-assessment self-disclosure questionnaire and examined the association between the content of self-disclosures to friends and acquaintances and frailty among community-dwelling older adults. A total of 237 adults aged ≥65 in Japan were surveyed using a mailed self-administered questionnaire in 2021. The self-disclosure scale consisted of 10 items and showed adequate validity. Participants were classified into a robust group (n = 117, women 57.3%) and a frailty group (n = 120, women 73.3%) using the Kihon Checklist. After adjusting for covariates, multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models revealed frailty was associated with lower self-disclosure of recent positive events, motivation and strengths (indicating strong points) in life, relationships with family and relatives, experiences of work and social activities, and financial status. The proposed questionnaire must still be further tested in other populations, but our initial results may contribute to preventing frailty and improving mental health among community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Yokoyama
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hikaru Ihira
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Mizumoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, Eniwa 061-1449, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tashiro
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Shimada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yama
- N Field Home-Visit Nursing Station Dune Sapporo, Sapporo 003-0808, Japan
| | | | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Naoki Kozuka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hokkaido Chitose College of Rehabilitation, Chitose 066-0055, Japan
| | - Nozomu Ikeda
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
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Ramaiya A, Chandra-Mouli V, Both R, Gottert A, Guglielmi S, Beckwith S, Li M, Blum RW. Assessing the health, social, educational and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: a rapid review of the literature. Sex Reprod Health Matters 2023; 31:2187170. [PMID: 36987980 PMCID: PMC10062253 DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2023.2187170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has caused profound health, social, educational and economic devastation around the world, especially among the lives of adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. This paper looks at a wide array of outcomes impacting adolescents' daily lives including health (mental, physical, sexual and reproductive health, vaccine perceptions and overlap between these topics), social relationships (family and peer), education and socio-economic disparities. Both scientific and grey literature between December 2019 and February 2022 were sought from PubMed, Google Scholar and organisations conducting research among adolescents, and coded. A total of 89 articles were included, 73% of which were peer-reviewed; 37% of the articles were from WHO's Western Pacific region; 62% of the articles were cross-sectional; 75% were quantitative. Three major topics emerged in more than half the articles: mental health (72%), education (61%) and socio-economic ramifications (55%). However, there were regional differences in topics and many of them overlapped. The results indicate that, where there has been research, almost all findings have been linked to worse mental health during the pandemic. Overall, remote education was seen as a negative experience. The ramification of school closures on future aspirations, in particular early school leaving, highlights the importance of prioritising education during future pandemics based on the situation within the country. Gender and other disparities have made marginalised adolescents vulnerable to the economic ramifications of containment measures. Given the risks identified, there is a pressing need to put adolescents at the centre of establishing priorities for their health agenda for post-pandemic recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astha Ramaiya
- Assistant Scientist, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli
- Scientist, Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health Research, UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Human Reproductive Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Ann Gottert
- Associate II, Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Silvia Guglielmi
- Qualitative researcher, Gender and Adolescence: Global Evidence, London, UK
| | - Sam Beckwith
- PhD candidate, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mengmeng Li
- PhD candidate, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert W. Blum
- Professor, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Nowell C, Pfeifer JH, Enticott P, Silk T, Vijayakumar N. Value of Self-Disclosure to Parents and Peers During Adolescence. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:289-301. [PMID: 36166491 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Self-disclosure is a crucial part of developing close interpersonal relationships during adolescence. In particular, sharing information with a greater depth of intimacy is thought to strengthen social bonds and thus support mental health. The current study investigated the value for different depths of self-disclosures to close others (mothers and best friends) during adolescence and its association with mental health and well-being. Fifty-four girls (11.0-15.9 years) completed a forced-choice monetary paradigm to assess value for self-disclosures and questionnaires on mental health. Participants significantly valued (i.e., forfeited monetary reward) for disclosures to both mothers and best friends, although intimate disclosures were more "costly" than superficial disclosures. Greater value for intimate self-disclosures to mothers was also associated with better mental health and well-being.
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Guo B, Song Y, Zhao L, Cheng X, Ma H, Qiu X, Yang X, Qiao Z, Zhao E, Bu T, Yang J, Mishra R, Yang Y, Zhou J. Sleep quality and creativity in Chinese college student during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of executive function. Front Public Health 2022; 10:987372. [PMID: 36311563 PMCID: PMC9609157 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.987372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has impacted adolescents' interpersonal relationships, life attitudes, and mental health during the past 3 years. However, previous studies predominantly focused on negative problems, while few studies assessed the situation of teenagers from the perspective of positive psychology. Therefore, this study explores the creativity level of Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, the relationship between sleep quality and creativity, and the mediating role of executive function. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted across six colleges in Heilongjiang in China, with a sample of 4,258 college students recruited via stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected through an online survey. A mediation model was constructed, and SPSS PROCESS macro was used to analyze the data. Results The creativity score of Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic was 106.48 ± 13.61. Correlation analysis demonstrated that sleep quality correlated negatively with creativity (r = -0.08, P < 0.01) but positively with executive function (r=0.45, P < 0.01), whilst executive function correlated negatively with creativity (r = -0.10, P < 0.01). Moreover, the mediation model revealed that executive function partially mediated the relationship between sleep quality and creativity in college students (indirect effect = -0.017, SE = 0.004, 95% CI = [-0.025, -0.008]). Executive function accounted for 48.6% of the variance in college students' creativity. Conclusion School administrators should implement measures such as sleep education to enhance students' sleep quality. Concurrently, curriculum and assessment implementation should enhance executive function. Such measures can contribute to improved student creativity, thus helping students overcome the negative emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botang Guo
- Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Song
- Department of Student Affairs, Mental Health Education Center, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Human Resource Management, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinhui Cheng
- Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hanze Ma
- Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuxian Yang
- Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhengxue Qiao
- Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Erying Zhao
- Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianyi Bu
- Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiarun Yang
- Academy of Educational Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Rupam Mishra
- Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanjie Yang
- Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,*Correspondence: Yanjie Yang
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Psychological Science and Health Management Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,Jiawei Zhou
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Wu Y, Shao J, Zhang D, Wang Y, Wang S, Wang Z, Qu Y, Gu J. Pathways from self-disclosure to medical coping strategy among adolescents with moderate and major depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mediation of self-efficacy. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:976386. [PMID: 36117657 PMCID: PMC9478381 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.976386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of adolescent depression in China during the COVID-19 pandemic is increasing. Self-disclosing depressive emotions could help release stress. Self-disclosure, which is a prerequisite for self-efficacy, can directly contribute to people's psychological health, and depression and the choice of coping strategy are determined by the level of self-efficacy perceived. PURPOSE We aimed to discuss the relationship between self-efficacy, self-disclosure, and medical coping strategy. Further, we explore the mediation effect of self-efficacy on the influence of self-disclosure on medical coping strategies in adolescents with depression. METHODS A total of 585 patients aged 11-24 years with moderate and major depression were recruited. All the assessments were completed on the second day after admission, including the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), Distress Disclosure Index (DDI), and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ). Pearson correlation was performed to explore the relationships of these variables. The bootstrap analysis was used to conduct to assess the mediation effects. RESULTS Both direct and indirect effects of self-disclosure on medical coping strategy were found. As predicted, self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between self-disclosure and medical coping strategy (b = 0.0385, 95% CI: 0.0244-0.0538 for Confrontation; b = -0.0466, 95%CI: -0.0651 to -0.0296 for Resignation), respectively. The effect size for Confrontation and Resignation was 0.2659 and 0.2485, respectively. CONCLUSION Self-efficacy played a partial mediating role in the effect of self-disclosure on medical coping strategies for adolescent depression during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the use of a positive self-disclosure mechanism may be anticipated to promote improved self-efficacy and the use of active coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Shao
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongna Wang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shufen Wang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Qu
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianing Gu
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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