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Mihăilescu AI, Popa-Velea O, Ciobanu AM, Diaconescu LV, Graur A, Ioniţă I, Carsote M. Psychological Factors Associated with General Quality of Life in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study on a Multicultural Sample of Romanian Medical Students. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1243. [PMID: 38998778 PMCID: PMC11241128 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12131243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the general quality of life (GQOL) of a large number of individuals, including those in the academic environment. This study investigated GQOL in a sample of 613 Romanian medicine students (81.57% were female; mean age = 21.40 ± 1.749 years) in relation to their Big Five personality characteristics, Perceived Stress and Fear of COVID-19. The study was conducted between June 2020 and March 2022. These variables were investigated with the Big Five Inventory-2: Extra-Short Form, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), the Perceived Stress Scale-10 and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Statistical analysis included hierarchical linear regression and t-tests. The results indicated a significant direct relationship between GQOL and the personality traits of Conscientiousness, Extraversion and Agreeableness. However, a significant inverse relationship was observed between GQOL and Perceived Stress and Neuroticism. Fear of COVID-19 was significantly higher in women, while no other socio-demographic variables were associated with GQOL. A total of 61.7% of the studied population returned to their original residency during the pandemic years. These results could be important for better understanding the vulnerability to significant epidemiological events in academic populations and for planning adequate preventive or interventional measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ioana Mihăilescu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Psychiatry, "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia" Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Popa-Velea
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adela Magdalena Ciobanu
- Department of Psychiatry, "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia" Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Veronica Diaconescu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra Graur
- Department of Psychiatry, "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia" Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Ioniţă
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Psychiatry, "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia" Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mara Carsote
- Department of Endocrinology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, "C.I. Parhon" National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania
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Rada C, Faludi C, Lungu M. Emotional, coping factors and personality traits that influenced alcohol consumption in Romanian students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:733. [PMID: 38454357 PMCID: PMC10918990 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18247-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, after 3 months from the installation of the state of emergency on the territory of Romania, data were collected from 677 students and master's students, to explore the problematic alcohol consumption (AC). METHODS The evaluation was done with: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales, Strategic Coping Approach Scale and The Freiburg Personality Inventory. The statistical methods used were linear regression with bootstrap procedure, Spearman's rank correlation, and the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS More than half were affected by depression or anxiety of moderate to extremely severe intensity. The prevalence of problematic alcohol consumption was low: (Hazardous and Extremely Hazardous (2.3) and Medium Risk (10.2). Early onset increases the subsequent risk of problematic AC, compared to women, men recorded a higher AC (p <.01). Anxiety, antisocial action, personality traits Aggressiveness and Somatic complaints had the effect of increasing the alcohol consumption score (p <.01). Significant but weak positive correlations between AC on one hand, and depression, anxiety, stress and antisocial action on the other hand were found (p <.01). CONCLUSIONS Probably the prevalence of AC was low as a result of the fact that most respondents were studying in the field of health promotion and as a result of the closure of entertainment venues. This study advocates for the education of youngsters to clearly express their opinions without violating the boundaries of others' feelings (assertive action) and to act prudently in dangerous or uncertain situations (cautious action) since these coping mechanisms were not associated with problematic alcohol consumption. The promotion of positive, achievement-oriented, life attitudes is equally important, as these characteristics of the Life Satisfaction personality dimensions were also found as non-determinants of alcohol-induced problems. The association of problematic AC with antisocial actions as a coping mechanism and high scores on Aggressiveness calls for interventions to educate the younger generation how to acquire and adopt healthy mechanisms to control tensions without resorting to alcohol consumption, more so as the two variables reinforce each other. Drinking as a means of gaining courage must be carefully reconsidered since anxiety generally hits back, often in increased levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Rada
- Biomedical Department, Francisc I. Rainer Institute of Anthropology, Romanian Academy, Academy House 13 September Avenue, No. 13, 5th District, 050711, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Cristina Faludi
- Faculty of Sociology and Social Work, Social Work Department, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Lungu
- Argeș County Centre for Educational Resources and Assistance, Pitești, Romania
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Griesi JM, Bernardes JM, Alonso M, Gómez-Salgado J, Ruiz-Frutos C, Fagundo-Rivera J, López-López D, Camacho-Vega JC, Dias A. Risk perception of healthcare workers in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25297. [PMID: 38352759 PMCID: PMC10861974 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To validate the items of the Emotional Impact Questionnaire coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) related to risk perception, estimating its degree, among healthcare workers in the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic, identifying possible associated factors.Methods: cross-sectional study in 1872 healthcare workers of Brazil. The population was characterized by sociodemographic and occupational information, knowledge about COVID-19, quality of information received, risk perception and preventive measures about the disease, and sense of coherence. Results Being divorced, having a chronic disease, spending more than 1 h per day getting informed about COVID-19, and always or almost always wearing a mask regardless of symptoms, as well as self-perception of health were associated with high-risk perception. An inverse association was found between risk perception, sense of coherence and not knowing if one has had occasional contact with confirmed COVID-19 cases. Conclusion Risk perception is influenced by emotions, experiences, and knowledge. Sense of coherence and resilience have a role in reducing risk perception. Understanding risk perception is crucial for developing effective strategies to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and other similar scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Muraguti Griesi
- Department of Public Health, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - João Marcos Bernardes
- Department of Public Health, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, 18618-687, Brazil
- Public (Collective) Health Graduate Program, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Melissa Alonso
- Public (Collective) Health Graduate Program, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007, Huelva, Spain
- Safety and Health Graduate Program, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, 092301, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007, Huelva, Spain
- Safety and Health Graduate Program, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, 092301, Ecuador
| | | | - Daniel López-López
- Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry. Industrial Campus of Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, 15403, Ferrol, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Camacho-Vega
- Department of Building Construction II, Higher Technical School of Building Engineering, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Adriano Dias
- Department of Public Health, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, 18618-687, Brazil
- Public (Collective) Health Graduate Program, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, 18618-687, Brazil
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Yuan D, Yu H, Lin W, Zha L. Determinants of Residential Satisfaction During the Initial Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Xiangyang City, China. Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1606016. [PMID: 38090665 PMCID: PMC10713804 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1606016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To explore the impacts of psychological character strengths, self-efficacy, and the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases on residential satisfaction at the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods: To achieve the study aim, we collected data from 281 observations from Xiangyang City, China, via an online survey. Data were analyzed using linear regression. Results: Character strengths and the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases significantly impacted residential satisfaction. While self-efficacy did not directly impact residential satisfaction, it moderated the relationship between the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases and residential satisfaction. The control variables of social trust and shared value positively impacted residential satisfaction, and their influence on residential satisfaction was higher than that of character strengths. The sociodemographic variables of marriage, age, educational attainment, and housing area per capita also impacted residential satisfaction significantly. However, strong ties and weak ties became insignificant variables due to social distancing strategies. Conclusion: The study findings offer insights for local governments to enhance residential satisfaction in the community to avoid social panic during unpredictable threats or future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinghuan Yuan
- School of Public Administration and Emergency Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Public Policy Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyuan Yu
- School of Public Administration and Emergency Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyi Lin
- School of Public Administration and Emergency Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Common Prosperity and National Governance Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisi Zha
- School of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou, China
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Phulkerd S, Thapsuwan S, Soottipong Gray R, Chamratrithirong A, Pattaravanich U, Ungchusak C, Saonuam P. Life Satisfaction Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic in Thailand. Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1605483. [PMID: 37519434 PMCID: PMC10372220 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate prevalence of life satisfaction in the Thai population before and during the COVID-19 epidemic, and factors associated with life satisfaction during the epidemic. Methods: Multistage sampling was used to draw a sample from the Thai population. A total of 3,115 Thai participants age 15 years or older from a nationally-representative longitudinal survey in 2019 and in 2021 were included in this study. The study applied the Scale with Life Satisfaction (SWLS) instrument to measure life satisfaction among the Thai population before and during the COVID-19 epidemic. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the association between life satisfaction and other variables. The follow-up survey response rate for individuals was 44.8%. Results: An average life satisfaction score during the COVID-19 epidemic (in 2021) was 22.4 which decreased from 25.5 before the COVID-19 epidemic (in 2019). More than one-third of the participants (36.5%) reported having less life satisfaction during the epidemic, which was nearly 20 percentage points higher than before the epidemic (17.7%). Controlling for life satisfaction in 2019, the analysis found statistical associations between demographic and economic characteristics and health-related behaviours, and life satisfaction during 2021. People in the older age cohorts (p ≤ 0.001), in a rural area (p ≤ 0.05), having higher education (p ≤ 0.001), still being employed (p ≤ 0.01) and becoming unemployed (p ≤ 0.01) had higher life satisfaction. The possibility of higher life satisfaction was also found in people who maintained good health (p ≤ 0.01), sufficient physical activity (p ≤ 0.001), and fruit and vegetable intake (p ≤ 0.01). People with income loss during the epidemic had lower life satisfaction (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that policies and systems for resilience and social protection are needed for empowering individuals-especially the poor and vulnerable-to cope with crises, and improve health and wellbeing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinya Phulkerd
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sasinee Thapsuwan
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | | | - Umaporn Pattaravanich
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chantana Ungchusak
- Healthy Lifestyle Promotion Section of Thai Health Promotion Foundation, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pairoj Saonuam
- Healthy Lifestyle Promotion Section of Thai Health Promotion Foundation, Bangkok, Thailand
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Lau NS, Cheung RYM, Lai CKS, Lau AYT, Fung MC. Effects of mindfulness on stress, life satisfaction, and savoring beliefs among Hong Kong Chinese adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1118288. [PMID: 37255518 PMCID: PMC10226523 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1118288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescents all over the world are vulnerable in facing developmental challenges. Recent studies have evidenced that the unexpected interruptions of school learning during the COVID-19 pandemic have raised concerns about the well-being of adolescents. This present study sought to investigate the relationship between mindfulness, stress, savoring beliefs, and satisfaction of life among adolescents in Hong Kong during COVID-19. A total of 240 Hong Kong Chinese adolescents between 15 and 19 years of age (M = 15.60; SD = 0.70) from schools with different religious backgrounds completed an online survey. Findings from hierarchical linear regression indicated that statistically, mindfulness negatively predicted stress and positively predicted life satisfaction and savoring beliefs. Students with faiths did not show any significant differences in mindfulness and other variables in this study from students without faiths. In terms of implications, these findings provide positive evidence that mindfulness may be an important aspect for interventions designed to enhance life satisfaction and savoring beliefs, and reduce stress of adolescents over challenging times. Overall, this study suggests youth service providers to develop effective strategies in schools and communities for further promoting wellbeing and resilience of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngar-sze Lau
- Department of Educational Administration and Policy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rebecca Y. M. Cheung
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Cheuk Ki Stephanie Lai
- Department of Special Education and Counseling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Abby Yan Tung Lau
- Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Man Ching Fung
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Chang YH, Yang CT, Hsieh S. Social support enhances the mediating effect of psychological resilience on the relationship between life satisfaction and depressive symptom severity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4818. [PMID: 36964160 PMCID: PMC10036971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychosocial factors, including life satisfaction, resilience, and social support, have been proposed to influence depressive symptom severity in adults because the age of onset of depressive disorders, i.e. adolescence to early adulthood, is associated with various impairments in psychosocial functioning. In this study, a psychosocial model was constructed to verify these relationships to prevent depression. For this study, 370 participants were recruited from the community via poster or online advertisements. They completed several questionnaires to assess depressive symptom severity: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS), Peace of Mind (PoM) scale, Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). A negative association was found between depressive symptom severity and all other variables, including PoM and CD-RISC scores, life satisfaction, and social support. Such factors can be considered protective against increased depressive symptom severity. In addition, indirect effects of PoM and resilience on the negative association between SwLS scores and depressive symptom severity were observed. Moreover, social support was found to mediate the correlation between PoM and resilience, implying that social support mediates the relationship between state of mind and resilience. The psychosocial model suggested that depressive symptom severity is influenced by internal factors (an individual's state of mind, subjective view of events and their life) and external factors (including social support).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC.
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC.
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shulan Hsieh
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC.
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan, ROC.
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Nguyen PTH, Van Huynh S, Nguyen NNY, Le TB, Le PC, Nantachai G, Tran-Chi VL. The relationship between transmission misinformation, COVID-19 stress and satisfaction with life among adults. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1003629. [PMID: 36846481 PMCID: PMC9947476 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1003629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The perplexing evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant effect on the spiritual lives of Vietnamese people in general, and particularly adults. The objective of this study was to ascertain the link between adult satisfaction with life and COVID-19 stress in Vietnam and investigate if COVID-19 transmission disinformation modifies the effect of COVID-19 stress on adult satisfaction with life. A total of 435 Vietnamese adults were enrolled online to finish answering, including the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SL), the COVID-19 Stress Scale (CS), and the COVID-19 Transmission Misinformation Scale (CTMS), consisting of 350 females and 85 males. Correlation, regression, and basic mediation analyses were used to dissociate the data. According to the findings of our study, there is a difference in gender in satisfaction with life. Females have a greater degree of satisfaction with life than males. Significant differences exist between relatives of direct and indirect COVID-19 transmission misinformation workers. People who had relatives who were frontline medical staff had higher COVID-19 Transmission Misinformation than others. There is a positive correlation between satisfaction with life and COVID-19 spreading disinformation, but it can have adverse effects on persons' physical health. Additionally, COVID-19 transmission misinformation has a role in the relationship between COVID-19 stress and adult life satisfaction. Individuals are more likely to access misinformation about COVID-19 transmission, which results in enhanced life satisfaction. During the COVID-19 epidemic, adults in Vietnam should be aware of the damaging consequences of COVID-19 transmission misinformation on their stress levels. Stress may significantly influence not just one's mental health but also other aspects of one's life. Clinicians should be aware of COVID-19 transmission misinformation and stress, which affect psychological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Thi Hang Nguyen
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, The University of Danang – University of Science and Education, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Son Van Huynh
- Faculty of Psychology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nhi Ngoc Yen Nguyen
- Faculty of Psychology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Bao Le
- Faculty of Psychology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Pha Cam Le
- Faculty of Psychology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Gallayaporn Nantachai
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vinh-Long Tran-Chi
- Faculty of Psychology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,*Correspondence: Vinh-Long Tran-Chi, ✉
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Dymecka J, Gerymski R, Machnik-Czerwik A, Rogowska AM. Does Positive Thinking Help during Difficult Pandemic Times? The Role of Positive Orientation in the Relationship between Fear of COVID-19 and Perceived Stress. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:151-160. [PMID: 36661761 PMCID: PMC9857485 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has become a huge challenge for the modern world. How people perceive themselves and their coping abilities is important for their mental health and well-being. One of the traits that may be important in effectively coping with difficulties is positive orientation: a stable cognitive disposition that is the opposite of depression and is associated with a positive perception of oneself, one's life, events, and the future. This study aimed to verify the role of positive orientation in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and perceived stress. A sample of 907 Polish people took part in this study. FOC-6, P Scale, and PSS-10 questionnaires were used in the presented cross-sectional study. The analysis showed that women scored higher in fear of COVID-19 and perceived stress scores than men (Cohen's d indicated a moderate effect). There was no significant difference in the levels of positive orientation. P Scale results were significantly related to fear of COVID-19 (small effect) only for the whole studied sample, and not for women and men considered separately. Fear of COVID-19 was positively related to the perceived stress score (moderate effect). Positive orientation was negatively related to the PSS-10 scores (also moderate effect) for all tested groups. Fear of COVID-19 and positive orientation were significant predictors of perceived stress scores. The mediation effect of positive orientation was statistically significant, but the effect size was marginally small. Positive orientation is an important predictor of perceived stress, which could be related to the COVID-19 pandemic. People with a positive orientation better cope with the challenges of the pandemic and are optimistic about the future. Working on positive orientation can improve well-being and reduce tension, which is extremely important in difficult pandemic times.
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Üngüren E, Ceyhan S, Türker N. The impact of rumination on life satisfaction of hotel employees during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating role of fear of COVID-19 and the moderating role of sedentary lifestyle. CURRENT ISSUES IN PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 11:193-204. [PMID: 38014382 PMCID: PMC10654347 DOI: 10.5114/cipp.2022.116264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important to determine the individual factors that cause the differentiation of negative reactions of individuals due to epidemics. The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating role of a sedentary lifestyle and the mediating role of fear of COVID-19 on the relationship between rumination and life satisfaction. Intense rumination is known to have a negative impact on individuals' life satisfaction levels. Very little is known about variables that may mediate and moderate this relationship. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE The study was conducted with staff members of five-star accommodation establishments in Turkey. Data were collected with a quantitative research method via questionnaires, completed by 386 full-time employees. RESULTS The results show that rumination negatively affects life satisfaction, and fear of COVID-19 has a mediating role between rumination and life satisfaction. In addition, the study concluded that a sedentary lifestyle moderated the indirect effect of rumination on life satisfaction through fear of COVID-19. This finding indicates that the negative impact of rumination on life satisfaction, mediated by fear of COVID-19, decreased, as the active lifestyle level of employees increased. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate the importance of active lifestyles in reducing negative impacts of the fear of being infected with a disease during times of crisis such as outbreaks and ruminative thoughts on lifestyle. The findings of this study provide substantial contributions with respect to how outbreak-related negative reactions occur and differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engin Üngüren
- Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya, Turkey
- Department of Business, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Sefa Ceyhan
- Department of Business, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Nazlı Türker
- Department of Business Administration, Institute of Graduate Studies, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya, Turkey
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Effect of health anxiety on disease perception and treatment compliance in elderly patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2022; 40:84-90. [PMID: 36064251 PMCID: PMC9119737 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the effect of health anxiety experienced by elderly individuals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on their disease perception and treatment compliance. DESIGN AND METHODS This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted between November 2020 and March 2021. The research data was collected using the Patient Information Form, Health Anxiety Scale (HAS), Disease Perception Scale-Short Form (DPS-SF) and Turkish Modified Morisky Treatment Compliance Scale (MMTCS). RESULTS Of the 401 study participants, 63.1% were in the 65-69 years age group. The mean HAS, DPS-SF and MMTCS motivation and knowledge level sub-dimension scores of the participants were 18.73 ± 8.87, 54.24 ± 9.98, 1.28 ± 0.74 and 2.04 ± 0.92, respectively. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that the health anxiety and disease perception scores were high among elderly individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic, which hindered their treatment compliance.
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Sfeir M, Saliba G, Akel M, Hallit S, Obeid S. Association between perfectionism and life satisfaction among a sample of the Lebanese population: The indirect role of social phobia and validation of the Arabic version of the Social Phobia Inventory. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:2513-2523. [PMID: 35383939 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.13087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the psychometric properties of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), and evaluate the indirect effect of social phobia between perfectionism and life satisfaction (LS). METHODS A cross-sectional study enrolled 683 Lebanese adults (April-May 2021). RESULTS The confirmatory factor analysis results confirmed the one-factor solution of the SPIN items (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92). Social phobia had an indirect effect in the association between rigid, self-critical, and narcissistic perfectionism and life satisfaction. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The study results confirm the psychometric properties of the SPIN to assess social phobia and constitute a preliminary database of the variables that interplay with LS in the Lebanese population. Future studies should suggest clinical tools and techniques to cope with anxiety or reduce perfectionism to enhance LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Sfeir
- Faculty of Social and Political Sciences (SSP), Institute of Psychology (IP), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gisele Saliba
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, 21478, Saudi Arabia.,School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.,Department of Research, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
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13
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Garmy P, Rahr C, Persson L, Einberg EL. School Nurses' Perspectives on Health among School-Aged Children and Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Sch Nurs 2022; 39:150-155. [PMID: 36128797 PMCID: PMC9494153 DOI: 10.1177/10598405221126345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate school nurses' perspectives on students' health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden in 2021. A cross-sectional survey design was used with school nurses (n = 225) working in schools in Sweden from elementary to upper secondary levels. The Clausson School Nurse Perception Questionnaire was used with two additional questions about the COVID-19 pandemic. The school nurses rated students' physical health as very good or good in 78% of the cases and their mental health as very good or good in 64%. There was also a negative trend in mental health during the pandemic, especially among girls. School nurses working in vulnerable areas (i.e., areas with a high proportion of immigrants and those receiving financial assistance) rated students' physical and mental health significantly worse compared other areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernilla Garmy
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health
Sciences, Kristianstad
University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine,
Lund
University, Lund, Sweden
- Pernilla Garmy, Department of Nursing and
Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University,
Kristianstad SE-291 88, Sweden; Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of
Medicine, Lund University, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden.
| | - Charlotta Rahr
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health
Sciences, Kristianstad
University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Louise Persson
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health
Sciences, Kristianstad
University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Eva-Lena Einberg
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health
Sciences, Kristianstad
University, Kristianstad, Sweden
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14
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Lari Dashtbayaz M, Salehi M, Mozan S. The impact of Covid-19 on organisational commitment with mediating role of satisfaction among the Iraqi auditors. TQM JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/tqm-12-2021-0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe study seeks to examine the effect of the Covid-19 on organisational commitment with the mediating role of job satisfaction of Iraqi auditors to determine the impact the Corona has on the organisational commitment of Iraqi auditors with the mediating role of job satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThe study's statistical population consists of those auditors working in the auditing organisations and private sector auditing institutions in Iraq. The number of respondents was 1,500 and 305 questionnaires were collected and analysed using Cochran's formula. Data were collected using the Covid1-19 questionnaire developed by the researcher, Minnesota Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (1967) and Allen and Meyer (1990) Organisational Commitment Questionnaire. In this study, the components of individual fear, collective fear and the transition from a feeling of security to insecurity with 29 questions for the impact of Covid-19 and job satisfaction components derived from the Minnesota Model, which includes six components (payment system, nature of job, progress opportunities, organisational atmosphere, leadership style and physical condition) is based on 19 questions. The components of organisational commitment are based on three types of emotional commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment with 24 questions. Structural equation modelling using Smart-PLS software was used to analyse the data.FindingsThe results showed that the Covid-19 effect variable was not significant on organisational commitment but was significant considering the mediating role of job satisfaction.Originality/valueThe paper has covered a very interesting topic nowadays and the results may give great insight to auditors in a challenging condition due to COVID 19.
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15
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Demographic and Social Dimension of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Polish Cities: Excess Deaths and Residents’ Fears. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14138194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to present the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on demographic facts and social opinions regarding life in Polish cities under conditions of an epidemic threat. We point out that the way of informing the public about the threat of the disease was conducive to causing moral panic, and the imposed top-down methods of protection against infection and treatment methods, which were uniform for all, brought negative effects in the form of increased mortality and excess deaths. In this article, we present statistical data on the deaths of city dwellers with more than 100,000 inhabitants and the results of public opinion polls on changes in the perception of satisfaction with life in the city and fears related to the risk of disease. The pandemic has contributed to a deterioration in both health (excess deaths, health debt) and the broader quality of life. Previously, living in a large city in Poland provided a number of economic, social, and health benefits. The period of the pandemic and the methods used to fight this threat, have created a situation of moral panic and change unfavorable for urban residents. Based on statistical data and survey research, we attempt to verify this thesis.
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16
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Vagni M, Maiorano T, Giostra V, Pajardi D, Bartone P. Emergency Stress, Hardiness, Coping Strategies and Burnout in Health Care and Emergency Response Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2022; 13:918788. [PMID: 35800954 PMCID: PMC9253608 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.918788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Stress is a growing problem in the general population, but most especially for workers responding to the COVID-19 crisis. The present study examines stress and Burnout in Health Care workers and Emergency Responders during the third COVID wave in Italy. In addition, we explore the value of psychological Hardiness and positive coping strategies as protective factors against the ill-effects of stress. Methods Over a 5-month period in 2021, surveys were administered across all Italian regions to several groups including Health Care workers (N = 220), Emergency Responders (firefighters, civil protection, ambulance personnel; N = 121), volunteer Italian Red Cross workers (N = 328), and a comparison group (N = 400) drawn from the General Population of Italy. Results Results showed that among the groups, Health Care workers had the highest levels of Emergency Stress, while the Red Cross volunteers had relatively lower stress levels. Hardiness and positive coping levels were highest among Red Cross workers, and lowest in the General Population sample. The biggest impact on Burnout was seen among health care workers, especially on Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization. Multiple regression results showed that Hardiness operates as a moderator of the effects of Emergency Stress on Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization aspects of Burnout, while problem focused coping and Stopping Negative Thoughts-Emotions also showed moderating effects. Conclusion These results suggest that Health Care workers and Emergency Responders would benefit from additional training in hardiness and positive coping skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Vagni
- Department of Humanities, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
- *Correspondence: Monia Vagni
| | | | - Valeria Giostra
- Department of Humanities, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - Daniela Pajardi
- Department of Humanities, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - Paul Bartone
- Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, Washington, DC, United States
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17
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Green ZA, Yıldırım M. Personal growth initiative moderates the mediating effect of COVID-19 preventive behaviors between fear of COVID-19 and satisfaction with life. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09729. [PMID: 35720766 PMCID: PMC9197570 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on a moderated mediation model. First, it determined the mediating effect of COVID-19 preventive behaviors between fear of COVID-19 and satisfaction with life. Next, it examined whether personal growth initiative moderated the mediation effect. The study comprised 461 Pakistani university students (52% men and 48% women) between 18 and 35 years (M = 24.66, SD = 3.51). Results indicated that higher levels of fear of COVID-19 were linked to greater adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviors, which in turn were related to higher levels of satisfaction with life (mediation model). With regard to the hypothesized moderated mediation model, results showed that personal growth initiative moderated the mediating path from fear of COVID-19 to satisfaction with life and from COVID-19 preventive behaviours to satisfaction with life. Further, results suggested that fear of COVID-19 and COVID-19 preventive behaviours had stronger effects on satisfaction with life when personal growth initiative was high, but not when it was low or moderate. It was therefore concluded that personal growth initiative may play a protective role in buffering the negative effect of higher levels of fear of COVID-19 on satisfaction with life and an enabling role in strengthening the relationship between COVID-19 preventive behaviors and satisfaction with life. Theoretical contribution and practical implications of the results are discussed as well as the study limitations and future research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zane Asher Green
- Faculty of Business Administration, Preston University, Islamabad Campus, No 85, Street 3, Sector H-8/1, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Contemporary Research Initiative, Preston University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Murat Yıldırım
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Erzurum, Yolu 4 Km 04100, Merkez, Ağrı, Turkey.,Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behavior, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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18
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Stress in emergency telephone number operators during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of self-efficacy and Big Five personality traits. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2022. [DOI: 10.5114/hpr/115820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundEmergency telephone number operators experience many challenges in their work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their personality traits and self-efficacy may act as important factors in their level of perceived stress. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Big Five personality traits, self-efficacy and perceived stress among emergency tele-phone number operators during the COVID-19 pandemic.Participants and procedureOne hundred emergency telephone number operators participated in the study. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) and Generalized Self Efficacy Scale (GSES) were used.ResultsEmergency telephone number operators experienced a moderate level of perceived stress. The level of perceived stress was associated with all Big Five personality traits and self-efficacy. Stepwise regression showed that self-efficacy and emotional stability were significant predictors of perceived stress in a tested sample of emergency telephone number operators. Self-efficacy acted as a mediator between the 4 Big Five personality traits (except extraversion) and perceived stress.ConclusionsSelf-efficacy can be a very important resource during the struggle of emergency telephone number operators with the suc-cessive waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Operators with a high level of this resource can more effectively cope with the changes and perceive stress as lower. Individuals’ personality traits may affect the level of self-efficacy that determines how stress is perceived. It is important to strengthen the self-efficacy of those involved in the fight against the COVID-19 pan-demic.
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19
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Sense of Coherence and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: The Role of Physical and Neurological Disability. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061716. [PMID: 35330041 PMCID: PMC8949795 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a progressive demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that can lead to permanent disability and significantly impact the quality of life. The present study explores the relationship between neurological disability and disease symptoms, quality of life, and the level of sense of coherence, which is an important resource for coping with the disease. EDSS, GNDS, SOC-29, and MSIS-29 were used in the presented study. The study group consisted of 137 people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. The study showed the correlation between most of the analyzed variables. Mood disability and fatigue were significant predictors of the sense of coherence and explained 34% of its variance. Physical disability and fatigue served as significant predictors of the physical aspect of quality of life, explaining 49% of its variance. Fatigue and sense of coherence were significant predictors of the psychological aspect of quality of life, explaining 47% of the variance. In studies on a group of people with multiple sclerosis, it is worth considering, in addition to the level of disability, also invisible symptoms, such as fatigue or mood disability, which are important for the quality of life and the level of resources. As this study suggests, a sense of coherence is a resource essential for the quality of life of people with disabilities.
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20
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Yu Z, Liu H, Ye B, Tang C, Huang D, Liu L. Life Satisfaction and Suicidal Ideation Among Chinese College Students During the Recurrent Outbreak of COVID-19: A Moderated Mediation Model. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:937511. [PMID: 35898633 PMCID: PMC9309380 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.937511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined a moderated mediation model between life satisfaction and suicidal ideation among Chinese college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19. Seven hundred and ninety college students participated in the study and completed questionnaires on life satisfaction, suicidal ideation, depression, and gratitude. Findings indicated that (1) Depression played a partial mediating role between life satisfaction and suicidal ideation. Life satisfaction was not only directly affected suicidal ideation, but also indirectly affected suicidal ideation through the mediating effect of college students' depression; (2) Gratitude played a moderating role in the effect of life satisfaction on depression, and the link between life satisfaction and suicide ideation was only significant for those with higher gratitude. This study provides practical implications for the prevention of suicidal behavior among Chinese college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Yu
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haidong Liu
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Baojuan Ye
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunyan Tang
- Health Education and Counseling Center, Jiangxi Health Vocational College, Nanchang, China
| | - Dawu Huang
- Physical Education College, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
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21
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Yang Q, Shi M, Zeng L, Xu P. University freshmen's excessive smartphone use and psychological safety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:993555. [PMID: 36276311 PMCID: PMC9582602 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.993555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although excessive smartphone use has been confirmed as being associated with specific representations of mental health (e. g., anxiety, depression, wellbeing, etc.) throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the relationship between excessive smartphone use and cognitive representations of mental health (i.e., psychological safety) is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to identify the association between excessive smartphone use and psychological safety among university freshmen during the COVID-19 pandemic; in addition, we examined the mediation effects of hardiness and interpersonal distress in this relationship. In this study, 1,224 university freshmen were selected at random from several universities in Guizhou Province of China. The Psychological Safety Scale was used to evaluate the mental health of university freshmen; the Mobile Phone Dependence Scale was used to evaluate excessive smartphone use; the Hardiness Questionnaire was used to evaluate hardiness; and the Interpersonal Relation Synthetic Diagnose Test was used to evaluate interpersonal distress. The findings showed that: (1) the greater the degree of excessive smartphone use, the more serious respondents' interpersonal distress and the lower their hardiness; (2) excessive smartphone use was not only directly related to the psychological safety of university freshmen but also indirectly related to their psychological safety through the independent mediation of hardiness and interpersonal distress, as well as through the chain mediation of hardiness and interpersonal distress. In general, excessive smartphone use in university freshmen could lead to a decline in their psychological safety. Also, hardiness and interpersonal distress play a complex role in this relationship. During the COVID-19 pandemic, interventions on the mental health of college freshmen should not only provide guidance on how to use their smartphone responsibly but also to provide them with support and guidance for the enhancement of their hardiness and improvement of their interpersonal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Yang
- School of Teacher Education, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mengxi Shi
- School of Teacher Education, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Lianping Zeng
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Educational Psychology, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Dymecka J, Gerymski R, Iszczuk A, Bidzan M. Fear of Coronavirus, Stress and Fear of Childbirth in Polish Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:13111. [PMID: 34948718 PMCID: PMC8700819 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest pandemic of an aggressive coronavirus in the human population in the 21st century. The pandemic may have a negative emotional impact on pregnant women, causing fear and stress. Negative feelings during pregnancy later affect fear of childbirth. Our study aimed to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19, stress and fear of childbirth. We assume that fear of COVID-19 will be a mediator of the relationship between perceived stress and fear of childbirth. A total of 262 Polish pregnant women participated in this study. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FOC-6) and Labour Anxiety Questionnaire (KLP II) were used in the study. There was a statistically significant, moderate, and positive relationship between perceived stress, fear of COVID-19, and fear of childbirth. Fear of COVID-19 was a statistically significant mediator in the relationship between perceived stress and fear of childbirth. The COVID-19 epidemic may have a negative emotional impact on pregnant women, causing fear, stress and increased fear of childbirth. Childbirth during the COVID-19 pandemic is perceived by women as a threat to their well-being and health. Therefore, it is especially important to support a woman in the perinatal period and to enable her to give birth to a child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Dymecka
- Department of Health Psychology and Quality of Life, Institute of Psychology, Opole University, 45-040 Opole, Poland;
| | - Rafał Gerymski
- Department of Health Psychology and Quality of Life, Institute of Psychology, Opole University, 45-040 Opole, Poland;
| | - Adrianna Iszczuk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Opole University, 45-040 Opole, Poland;
| | - Mariola Bidzan
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland;
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