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Kalairaj A, Rajendran S, Panda RC, Senthilvelan T. A study on waterlogging tolerance in sugarcane: a comprehensive review. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:747. [PMID: 38874798 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is an important crop, native to tropical and subtropical regions and it is a major source of sugar and Bioenergy in the world. Abiotic stress is defined as environmental conditions that reduce growth and yield below the optimum level. To tolerate these abiotic stresses, plants initiate several molecular, cellular, and physiological changes. These responses to abiotic stresses are dynamic and complex; they may be reversible or irreversible. Waterlogging is an abiotic stress phenomenon that drastically reduces the growth and survival of sugarcane, which leads to a 15-45% reduction in cane's yield. The extent of damage due to waterlogging depends on genotypes, environmental conditions, stage of development and duration of stress. An improved understanding of the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of sugarcane to waterlogging stress could help to develop new breeding strategies to sustain high yields against this situation. The present review offers a summary of recent findings on the adaptation of sugarcane to waterlogging stress in terms of growth and development, yield and quality, as well as biochemical and adaptive-molecular processes that may contribute to flooding tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashmitha Kalairaj
- Department of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602 105, India
| | - Swethashree Rajendran
- Department of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602 105, India
| | - Rames C Panda
- Chemical Engineering Division, RajaLakshmi Engineering College, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602 105, India
| | - T Senthilvelan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602 105, India.
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Sultana S, Rahman MM, Das AK, Haque MA, Rahman MA, Islam SMN, Ghosh PK, Keya SS, Tran LSP, Mostofa MG. Role of salicylic acid in improving the yield of two mung bean genotypes under waterlogging stress through the modulation of antioxidant defense and osmoprotectant levels. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108230. [PMID: 38100888 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Waterlogging (WL) is a major hindrance to the growth and development of leguminous crops, including mung bean. Here, we explored the effect of salicylic acid (SA) pretreatment on growth and yield output of two elite mung bean genotypes (BU Mung bean-4 and BU Mung bean-6) subjected to WL stress. SA pretreatment significantly improved shoot dry weight, individual leaf area, and photosynthetic pigment contents in both genotypes, while those improvements were higher in BU Mung bean-6 when compared with BU Mung bean-4. We also found that SA pretreatment significantly reduced the reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative burden in both BU Mung bean-6 and BU Mung bean-4 by enhancing peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase activities, as well as total flavonoid contents. SA pretreatment further improved the accumulation of proline and free amino acids in both genotypes, indicating that SA employed these osmoprotectants to enhance osmotic balance. These results were particularly corroborated with the elevated levels of leaf water status and leaf succulence in BU Mung bean-6. SA-mediated improvement in physiological and biochemical mechanisms led to a greater yield-associated feature in BU Mung bean-6 under WL conditions. Collectively, these findings shed light on the positive roles of SA in alleviating WL stress, contributing to yield improvement in mung bean crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Sultana
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mezanur Rahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Ashim Kumar Das
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraful Haque
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abiar Rahman
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Shah Mohammad Naimul Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Protik Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjida Sultana Keya
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Zhang X, Huang C, Meng Y, Liu X, Gao Y, Liu Z, Ma S. Physiological Mechanism of Waterlogging Stress on Yield of Waxy Maize at the Jointing Stage. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3034. [PMID: 37687280 PMCID: PMC10489971 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
In the main agricultural area for waxy maize production in China, waterlogging occurs frequently during the waxy maize jointing stage, and this causes significant yield reduction. It is very important to understand the physiological mechanism of waterlogging stress in waxy maize during the jointing stage to develop strategies against waterlogging stress. Therefore, this study set waterlogging treatments in the field for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days during the waxy maize jointing stage, and were labelled CK, WS2, WS4, WS6, WS8 and WS10, respectively. By analyzing the effect of waterlogging on the source, sink, and transport of photoassimilates, the physiological mechanism of waterlogging stress in the jointing stage was clarified. The results show that PEPC and POD activities and Pro content decreased significantly under WS2 compared to CK. Except for these three indicators, the Pn, GS, leaf area, kernel number, yield, and puncture strength of stems were significantly decreased under the WS4. Under the WS6, the content of MDA began to increase significantly, while almost all other physiological indices decreased significantly. Moreover, the structure of stem epidermal cells and the vascular bundle were deformed after 6 days of waterlogging. Therefore, the threshold value of waterlogging stress occured at 4 to 6 days in the jointing stage of waxy maize. Moreover, waterlogging stress at the jointing stage mainly reduces the yield by reducing the number of kernels; specifically, the kernel number decreased by 6.7-15.5% in 4-10 days of waterlogging, resulting in a decrease of 9.9-20.2% in the final yield. Thus, we have shown that waterlogging stress at the jointing stage results in the decrease of potential waxy maize kernel numbers and yield when the synthesis of sources was limited and the transport of photoassimilates was restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuepeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xinxiang 453002, China; (X.Z.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xinxiang 453002, China; (X.Z.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Field Observation and Research Station of Efficient Water Use for Agriculture, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Ye Meng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xinxiang 453002, China; (X.Z.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- School of Faculty Engineering, University of Putra Malaysia, Selonga 43400, Malaysia
| | - Xuchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xinxiang 453002, China; (X.Z.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Field Observation and Research Station of Efficient Water Use for Agriculture, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xinxiang 453002, China; (X.Z.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Field Observation and Research Station of Efficient Water Use for Agriculture, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Zhandong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xinxiang 453002, China; (X.Z.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Field Observation and Research Station of Efficient Water Use for Agriculture, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Shoutian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Farmland Irrigation Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xinxiang 453002, China; (X.Z.); (C.H.); (Y.M.); (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Field Observation and Research Station of Efficient Water Use for Agriculture, Xinxiang 453002, China
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Owusu AG, Lv YP, Liu M, Wu Y, Li CL, Guo N, Li DH, Gao JS. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the potential mechanism of waterlogging resistance in cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1088537. [PMID: 37409297 PMCID: PMC10319419 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1088537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is susceptible to long-term waterlogging stress; however, genomic information of cotton response mechanisms toward long days of waterlogging is quite elusive. Methods Here, we combined the transcriptome and metabolome expression level changes in cotton roots after 10 and 20 days of waterlogging stress treatment pertaining to potential resistance mechanisms in two cotton genotypes. Results and discussion Numerous adventitious roots and hypertrophic lenticels were induced in CJ1831056 and CJ1831072. Transcriptome analysis revealed 101,599 differentially expressed genes in cotton roots with higher gene expression after 20 days of stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating genes, antioxidant enzyme genes, and transcription factor genes (AP2, MYB, WRKY, and bZIP) were highly responsive to waterlogging stress among the two genotypes. Metabolomics results showed higher expressions of stress-resistant metabolites sinapyl alcohol, L-glutamic acid, galactaric acid, glucose 1-phosphate, L-valine, L-asparagine, and melibiose in CJ1831056 than CJ1831072. Differentially expressed metabolites (adenosine, galactaric acid, sinapyl alcohol, L-valine, L-asparagine, and melibiose) significantly correlated with the differentially expressed PRX52, PER1, PER64, and BGLU11 transcripts. This investigation reveals genes for targeted genetic engineering to improve waterlogging stress resistance to enhance abiotic stress regulatory mechanisms in cotton at the transcript and metabolic levels of study.
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Abdelaziz AM, Elshaer MA, Abd-Elraheem MA, Ali OMOM, Haggag MI, El-Sayyad GS, Attia MS. Ziziphus spina-christi extract-stabilized novel silver nanoparticle synthesis for combating Fusarium oxysporum-causing pepper wilt disease: in vitro and in vivo studies. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:69. [PMID: 36670250 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The novelty of the present study is studying the ability of aqueous Ziziphus spina-christi leaves' extract (ZSCE) to produce eco-friendly and cost-effective silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) against Fusarium wilt disease. Phytochemical screening of ZSCE by HPLC showed that they contain important antimicrobial substances such as Rutin, Naringin, Myricetin, Quercetin, Kaempferol, Hesperidin, Syringeic, Eugenol, Pyrogallol, Gallic and Ferulic. Characterization methods reveal a stable Ag NPs with a crystalline structure, spherical in shape with average particle size about 11.25 nm. ZSCE and Ag NPs showed antifungal potential against F. oxysporum at different concentrations with MIC of Ag NPs as 0.125 mM. Ag NPs treatment was the most effective, as it gave the least disease severity (20.8%) and the highest protection rate (75%). The application of ZSCE or Ag NPs showed a clear recovery, and its effectiveness was not limited for improving growth and metabolic characteristics only, but also inducing substances responsible for defense against pathogens and activating plant immunity (such as increasing phenols and strong expression of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase as well as isozymes). Owing to beneficial properties such as antifungal activity, and the eco-friendly approach of cost and safety, they can be applied in agricultural field as novel therapeutic nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Elshaer
- Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abd-Elraheem
- Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Omar M Omar M Ali
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt
| | - Muhammad I Haggag
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Gharieb S El-Sayyad
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt. .,Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
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Langan P, Bernád V, Walsh J, Henchy J, Khodaeiaminjan M, Mangina E, Negrão S. Phenotyping for waterlogging tolerance in crops: current trends and future prospects. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5149-5169. [PMID: 35642593 PMCID: PMC9440438 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Yield losses to waterlogging are expected to become an increasingly costly and frequent issue in some regions of the world. Despite the extensive work that has been carried out examining the molecular and physiological responses to waterlogging, phenotyping for waterlogging tolerance has proven difficult. This difficulty is largely due to the high variability of waterlogging conditions such as duration, temperature, soil type, and growth stage of the crop. In this review, we highlight use of phenotyping to assess and improve waterlogging tolerance in temperate crop species. We start by outlining the experimental methods that have been utilized to impose waterlogging stress, ranging from highly controlled conditions of hydroponic systems to large-scale screenings in the field. We also describe the phenotyping traits used to assess tolerance ranging from survival rates and visual scoring to precise photosynthetic measurements. Finally, we present an overview of the challenges faced in attempting to improve waterlogging tolerance, the trade-offs associated with phenotyping in controlled conditions, limitations of classic phenotyping methods, and future trends using plant-imaging methods. If effectively utilized to increase crop resilience to changing climates, crop phenotyping has a major role to play in global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Langan
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Villő Bernád
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jason Walsh
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Computer Science and UCD Energy Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joey Henchy
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Eleni Mangina
- School of Computer Science and UCD Energy Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sónia Negrão
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Attia MS, Abdelaziz AM, Al-Askar AA, Arishi AA, Abdelhakim AM, Hashem AH. Plant Growth-Promoting Fungi as Biocontrol Tool against Fusarium Wilt Disease of Tomato Plant. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:775. [PMID: 35893143 PMCID: PMC9331501 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) improve plant health and resist plant pathogens. The present study was carried out to biocontrol tomato Fusarium wilt using PGPF through antifungal activity and enhance tomato plant immune response. Four PGPF were identified genetically as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Mucor circinelloides and Pencillium oxalicum. In vitro antagonistic activity assay of PGPF against Fusariumoxysporum was evaluated, where it exhibited promising antifungal activity where MIC was in the range 0.25-0.5 mg/mL. Physiological markers of defense in a plant as a response to stimulation of induced systemic resistance (ISR) were recorded. Our results revealed that A. niger, M. circinelloides, A. flavus and P. oxalicum strains significantly reduced percentages of disease severity by 16.60% and 20.83% and 37.50% and 45.83 %, respectively. In addition, they exhibited relatively high protection percentages of 86.35%, 76.87%, 56.87% and 59.06 %, respectively. With concern to the control, it is evident that the percentage of disease severity was about 87.50%. Moreover, the application of M. circinelloides, P. oxalicum, A. niger and A. flavus successfully recovered the damage to morphological traits, photosynthetic pigments' total carbohydrate and total soluble protein of infected plants. Moreover, the application of tested PGPF enhanced the growth of healthy and infected tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Amer M. Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr A. Arishi
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Ahmed M. Abdelhakim
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Amr H. Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (M.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
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Al-Enazi NM, AlTami MS, Alhomaidi E. Unraveling the potential of pesticide-tolerant Pseudomonas sp. augmenting biological and physiological attributes of Vigna radiata (L.) under pesticide stress. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17765-17783. [PMID: 35765317 PMCID: PMC9200474 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01570f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the agricultural domain, chemical pesticides are repetitively and harshly used to kill harmful pests, but they often pose a serious threat to microbial diversity, soil fertility and agricultural output. To deal with these problems, pesticide-tolerant plant growth promoting (PGP) rhizobacterial strains are often used to combat pesticidal toxicity. Here, Pseudomonas sp. PGR-11 (accession no. OM348534), recovered from a Vigna radiata (L.) rhizosphere, produced various growth regulating (GR) substances, including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA; 82.5 ± 9.2 μg mL-1), enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase (μM α-ketobutyrate mg-1 protein h-1), siderophores and ammonia. Strain PGR-11 grew well when cultured in growth medium with added metalaxyl (MTXL; 1200 μg mL-1), carbendazim (CBZM; 800 μg mL-1) and tebuconazole (TBZL; 1600 μg mL-1). Pseudomonas sp. synthesized PGP substances even in the presence of increasing doses of pesticides. The phytotoxicity of the tested pesticides was assessed both in vitro and under pot-house conditions using a Vigna radiata (L.) crop. Increasing concentrations of chemical pesticides negatively impacted the growth, physiological and biochemical features. However, pesticide-tolerant Pseudomonas sp. relieved the toxicity and improved the biological attributes of the plant. Bio-inoculated plants showed significant enhancement in germination attributes, dry biomass, symbiotic features and yield features when compared to un-inoculated ones. Furthermore, with 100 μg metalaxyl kg-1 soil, strain PGR-11 increased the chl-a, chl-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, SPAD index, photosystem efficiency (Fv/Fm), PSII quantum yield (FPSII), photochemical quenching (qP) and non-photochemical quenching (NpQ) content by 12, 19, 16, 27, 34, 41, 26, 29 and 33%, respectively, over un-inoculated but pesticide-treated plants. Additionally, inoculation of Pseudomonas sp. with 100 μg tebuconazole kg-1 soil caused a significant (p ≤ 0.05) enhancement in transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (g s), photosynthetic rate (P N), vapor pressure deficit (kPa) and internal CO2 concentration (C i) of 19, 26, 23, 28 and 34%, respectively. Conclusively, the power to tolerate abnormally high pesticide concentration, the capacity to produce/secrete PGP substances even in a pesticide-stressed medium and the potential for improving/increasing the growth and physiology of plants by pesticide detoxification makes Pseudomonas sp. PGR-11 a fascinating choice for augmenting the productivity of V. radiata (L.) even in pesticide-stressed soils. The current findings will be helpful for exploring pesticide-tolerant ACC-deaminase-positive microbial strains as gifted entities for the environmental bioremediation of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf M Al-Enazi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj 11492 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S AlTami
- Biology Department, College of Science, Qassim University Burydah Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alhomaidi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia
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Islam MR, Rahman MM, Mohi-Ud-Din M, Akter M, Zaman E, Keya SS, Hasan M, Hasanuzzaman M. Cytokinin and gibberellic acid-mediated waterlogging tolerance of mungbean ( Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). PeerJ 2022; 10:e12862. [PMID: 35186468 PMCID: PMC8820211 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) is one of the most important pulse crops, well-known for its protein-rich seeds. Growth and productivity are severely undermined by waterlogging. METHODS In this study, we aim to evaluate how two promising phytohormones, namely cytokinin (CK) and gibberellic acid (GA3), can improve waterlogging tolerance in mungbean by investigating key morphological, physiological, biochemical, and yield-related attributes. RESULTS Our results showed that foliar application of CK and GA3 under 5-day of waterlogged conditions improved mungbean growth and biomass, which was associated with increased levels of photosynthetic rate and pigments. Waterlogged-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the consequently elevated levels of malondialdehyde were considerably reduced by CK and GA3 treatments. Mungbean plants sprayed with either CK or GA3 suffered less oxidative stress due to the enhancement of total phenolics and flavonoids levels. Improvement in the contents of proline and total soluble sugars indicated a better osmotic adjustment following CK and GA3 treatments in waterlogged-exposed plants. Most fundamentally, CK or GA3-sprayed waterlogged-stressed mungbean plants demonstrated better performance in the aforementioned parameters after the 15-day recovery period as compared to water-sprayed waterlogged-exposed plants. Our results also revealed that CK and GA3 treatments increased yield-associated features in the waterlogged-stressed plant. Here, both phytohormones are efficient in improving mungbean resistance to waterlogging. However, CK was found to be more effective. Overall, our findings suggested that CK or GA3 could be used for managing waterlogging-induced damage to mungbean and perhaps in other cash crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mezanur Rahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States
| | - Mohammed Mohi-Ud-Din
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Munny Akter
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Erin Zaman
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjida Sultana Keya
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States
| | - Mehfuz Hasan
- Department of Genetic and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Castañeda-Murillo CC, Rojas-Ortiz JG, Sánchez-Reinoso AD, Chávez-Arias CC, Restrepo-Díaz H. Foliar brassinosteroid analogue (DI-31) sprays increase drought tolerance by improving plant growth and photosynthetic efficiency in lulo plants. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08977. [PMID: 35243095 PMCID: PMC8873547 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of agronomic alternatives such as plant hormone sprays has been considered a tool to mitigate drought stress. This research aimed to evaluate the use of foliar brassinosteroid analogue DI-31 (BRs) sprays on plant growth, leaf exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, and biochemical variables in lulo (Solanum quitoense L. cv. septentrionale) seedlings grown under drought stress conditions. Seedlings were grown in plastic pots (3 L) using a mix between peat and sand (1:1 v/v) as substrate. Lulo plants were subjected to drought stress by suppressing 100% of the water needs at 30–37 and 73–80 days after transplanting (DAT). Foliar BRs analogue (DI-31) sprays were carried out at four different rates (0, 1, 2, 4, or 8 mL of analogue per liter) at different times (30, 33, 44, 60, 73, and 76 DAT). Drought stress caused a reduction in the Fv/Fm ratio, leaf gas exchange properties, total biomass, and relative water content. Foliar DI-31 sprays enhanced leaf photosynthesis in well-watered (WW) (∼10.7 μmol m−2 s−1) or water-stressed plants (WS) (∼6.1 μmol m−2 s−1) when lulo plants were treated at a dose of 4 and 8 mL·L−1 compared to their respective controls (0 mL·L−1 for WW: 8.83 μmol m−2 s−1 and WS: 2.01 μmol m−2 s−1). Also, DI-31 sprays enhanced the photochemical efficiency of PSII, and plant growth. They also increased the concentration of photosynthetic pigments (TChl and Cx + c) and reduced lipid peroxidation of membranes (MDA) under drought conditions. The results allow us to suggest that the use of DI-31 at a dose of 4 or 8 mL·L−1 can be a tool for managing water stress conditions caused by low water availability in the soil in lulo-producing areas to face situations of moderate water deficit at different times of the year.
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Chaves-Gómez JL, Chávez-Arias CC, Prado AMC, Gómez-Caro S, Restrepo-Díaz H. Mixtures of Biological Control Agents and Organic Additives Improve Physiological Behavior in Cape Gooseberry Plants under Vascular Wilt Disease. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2059. [PMID: 34685868 PMCID: PMC8537006 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the soil application of mixtures of biological control agents (BCAs) (Trichoderma virens and Bacillus velezensis) and organic additives (chitosan and burnt rice husk) on the physiological and biochemical behavior of cape gooseberry plants exposed to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali (Foph) inoculum. The treatments with inoculated and non-inoculated plants were: (i) T. virens + B. velezensis (Mix), (ii) T. virens + B. velezensis + burnt rice husk (MixRh), (iii) T. virens + B. velezensis + chitosan (MixChi), and (iv) controls (plants without any mixtures). Plants inoculated and treated with Mix or MixChi reduced the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) (57.1) and disease severity index (DSI) (2.97) compared to inoculated plants without any treatment (69.3 for AUDPC and 3.2 for DSI). Additionally, these groups of plants (Mix or MixChi) obtained greater leaf water potential (~-0.5 Mpa) and a lower MDA production (~12.5 µmol g-2 FW) than plants with Foph and without mixtures (-0.61 Mpa and 18.2 µmol g-2 FW, respectively). The results suggest that MixChi treatments may be a promising alternative for vascular wilt management in cape gooseberry crops affected by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Chaves-Gómez
- Departamento de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.L.C.-G.); (C.C.C.-A.); (S.G.-C.)
| | - Cristian Camilo Chávez-Arias
- Departamento de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.L.C.-G.); (C.C.C.-A.); (S.G.-C.)
| | - Alba Marina Cotes Prado
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria-AGROSAVIA, Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Km 14 vía Bogotá a Mosquera, Mosquera 250047, Colombia;
| | - Sandra Gómez-Caro
- Departamento de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.L.C.-G.); (C.C.C.-A.); (S.G.-C.)
| | - Hermann Restrepo-Díaz
- Departamento de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (J.L.C.-G.); (C.C.C.-A.); (S.G.-C.)
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The Application of Phytohormones as Biostimulants in Corn Smut Infected Hungarian Sweet and Fodder Corn Hybrids. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091822. [PMID: 34579355 PMCID: PMC8472417 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of this research was to investigate the effects of corn smut (Ustilago maydis DC. Corda) infection on the morphological (plant height, and stem diameter), and biochemical parameters of Zea mays L. plants. The biochemical parameters included changes in the relative chlorophyll, malondialdehyde (MDA), and photosynthesis pigments' contents, as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes-ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The second aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of phytohormones (auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, and ethylene) on corn smut-infected plants. The parameters were measured 7 and 11 days after corn smut infection (DACSI). Two hybrids were grown in a greenhouse, one fodder (Armagnac) and one a sweet corn (Desszert 73). The relative and the absolute amount of photosynthetic pigments were significantly lower in the infected plants in both hybrids 11 DACSI. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes and MDA content were higher in both infected hybrids. Auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin application diminished the negative effects of the corn smut infection (CSI) in the sweet corn hybrid. Phytohormones i.e., auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin can be a new method in protection against corn smut.
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Mendoza-Vargas LA, Villamarín-Romero WP, Cotrino-Tierradentro AS, Ramírez-Gil JG, Chávez-Arias CC, Restrepo-Díaz H, Gómez-Caro S. Physiological Response of Cape Gooseberry Plants to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali, Fusaric Acid, and Water Deficit in a Hydrophonic System. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:702842. [PMID: 34421951 PMCID: PMC8374548 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.702842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cape gooseberry production has been limited by vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali (Foph). Fusaric acid (FA) is a mycotoxin produced by many Fusarium species such as F. oxysporum formae speciales. The effects of the interaction between this mycotoxin and plants (such as cape gooseberry) under biotic stress (water deficit, WD) have been little explored. Three experiments were carried out. The objectives of this study were to evaluate (i) different Foph inoculum densities (1 × 104 and 1 × 106 conidia ml-1; experiment (1); (ii) the effect of times of exposure (0, 6, 9, and 12 h) and FA concentrations (0, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg L-1; experiment (2), and (iii) the interaction between Foph (1 × 104 conidia mL-1) or FA (25 mg L-1 × 9 h), and WD conditions (experiment 3) on the physiological (plant growth, leaf stomatal conductance (g s ), and photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm ratio) and biochemical [malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline] responses of cape gooseberry seedling ecotype Colombia. The first experiment showed that Foph inoculum density of 1 × 106 conidia ml-1 caused the highest incidence of the disease (100%). In the second experiment, g s (~40.6 mmol m-2 s-1) and Fv/Fm ratio (~0.59) decreased, whereas MDA (~9.8 μmol g-1 FW) increased in plants with exposure times of 9 and 12 h and an FA concentration of 100 mg L-1 compared with plants without FA exposure or concentrations (169.8 mmol m-2 s-1, 0.8, and 7.2 μmol g-1 FW for g s , Fv/Fm ratio and MDA, respectively). In the last experiment, the interaction between Foph or FA and WD promoted a higher area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) (Foph × WD = 44.5 and FA × WD = 37) and lower g s (Foph × WD = 6.2 mmol m-2 s-1 and FA × WD = 9.5 mmol m-2 s-1) compared with plants without any interaction. This research could be considered as a new approach for the rapid scanning of responses to the effects of FA, Foph, and WD stress not only on cape gooseberry plants but also on other species from the Solanaceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sandra Gómez-Caro
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Agronomía, Bogotá, Colombia
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Katerova Z, Sergiev I, Todorova D, Shopova E, Dimitrova L, Brankova L. Physiological Responses of Wheat Seedlings to Soil Waterlogging Applied after Treatment with Selective Herbicide. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061195. [PMID: 34208367 PMCID: PMC8231169 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Waterlogging impairs crop development and considerably affects plant productivity worldwide. Wheat is sensitive to waterlogging. Serrate® (Syngenta) is a selective herbicide controlling annual grass and broadleaf weeds for use in wheat. To extend the existing information about the physiological effects of selective herbicides (Serrate® in particular) and subsequent waterlogging in wheat, we monitored phenotype alterations and examined key enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems together with typical oxidative stress biomarkers. Seventeen-day-old wheat (Triticum asetivum L., cv. Sadovo-1) plants were sprayed with Serrate®; 72 h later, waterlogging was applied for 7 days, and then seedlings were left to recover for 96 h. The herbicide did not alter plant phenotype and increased antioxidant defense, along with H2O2 content, confirming the wheat’s tolerance to Serrate®. Evident yellowing and wilting of the leaves were observed at 96 h of recovery in waterlogged wheat, which were stronger in plants subjected to Serrate® + waterlogging. Waterlogging alone and herbicide + waterlogging gradually enhanced the content of stress markers (malondialdehyde, proline, and H2O2), non-enzymatic antioxidants (low-molecular thiols and total phenolics), and the activity of superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. The effects of herbicide + waterlogging were stronger than those of waterlogging alone even during recovery, suggesting that Serrate® interacted synergistically with the subsequently applied flooding.
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Yousef AF, Ali MM, Rizwan HM, Tadda SA, Kalaji HM, Yang H, Ahmed MAA, Wróbel J, Xu Y, Chen F. Photosynthetic apparatus performance of tomato seedlings grown under various combinations of LED illumination. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249373. [PMID: 33858008 PMCID: PMC8049771 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It is already known that the process of photosynthesis depends on the quality and intensity of light. However, the influence of the new light sources recently used in horticulture, known as Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), on this process is not yet fully understood. Chlorophyll a fluorescence measurement has been widely used as a rapid, reliable, and noninvasive tool to study the efficiency of the photosystem II (PSII) and to evaluate plant responses to various environmental factors, including light intensity and quality. In this work, we tested the responses of the tomato photosynthetic apparatus to different light spectral qualities. Our results showed that the best performance of the photosynthetic apparatus was observed under a mixture of red and blue light (R7:B3) or a mixture of red, green and blue light (R3:G2:B5). This was demonstrated by the increase in the effective photochemical quantum yield of PSII (Y[II]), photochemical quenching (qP) and electron transport rate (ETR). On the other hand, the mixture of red and blue light with a high proportion of blue light led to an increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Our results can be used to improve the production of tomato plants under artificial light conditions. However, since we found that the responses of the photosynthetic apparatus of tomato plants to a particular light regime were cultivar-dependent and there was a weak correlation between the growth and photosynthetic parameters tested in this work, special attention should be paid in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F. Yousef
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (branch Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Muhammad M. Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hafiz M. Rizwan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shehu Abubakar Tadda
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Crop Production and Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Agric. Technology, Federal University, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina, Nigeria
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hao Yang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mohamed A. A. Ahmed
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture—Medicinal and Aromatic Plants), Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Yong Xu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Machine Learning and Intelligent Science, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Faxing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Samal P, Mohapatra PK, Naik SK, Mukherjee AK. Improved photosystem II and defense enzymes activity in rice (Oryza sativa) by biopriming against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2021; 48:298-311. [PMID: 33189157 DOI: 10.1071/fp20221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is a major threat to rice production as it accounts for loss up to 50% of annual rice grain yield. Xoo causes leaf tissue necrosis and as a result there is downregulation of the photosynthetic mechanisms of plant. Measurement of chl a fluorescence is an easy, fast, non-invasive and highly sensitive technique that can be used to understand plant health by measuring alterations in PSII activity, in response to different biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present investigation, rice seeds were bio-primed with two bacterial spp. (e.g. Bacillus subtilis and B. megaterium) and one fungal strain (i.e. Trichoderma erinaceum). The induction of defence against BB disease by bio-priming with biotic agents, was studied as response in alteration of PSII and defence enzymes activity. Field experiment was conducted with the best biotic agent; i.e. B. subtilis obtained from all experiments to study whether defence induction by it have any side effect on rice yield and biomass. Net house and field experiments have suggested that among all the biotic agents studied, bio-priming of rice seeds with B. subtilis has protected the photosynthetic machinery of plants from being damaged by BB without having any detrimental effect on rice grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankajini Samal
- Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack-753006, Odisha, India
| | | | - Soumendra K Naik
- Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack-753003, Odisha, India
| | - Arup K Mukherjee
- Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack-753006, Odisha, India; and Corresponding author. ;
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Cháves-Gómez JL, Becerra-Mutis LM, Chávez-Arias CC, Restrepo-Díaz H, Gómez-Caro S. Screening of Different Physalis Genotypes as Potential Rootstocks or Parents Against Vascular Wilt Using Physiological Markers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:806. [PMID: 32655597 PMCID: PMC7326010 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) is one of the most exported Andean fruits in Colombia. Vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali (FOph) has led to a reduction in crop areas in recent years. Therefore, the aim of this study was to select genotypes with resistance to vascular wilt that can be useful as rootstocks from a group of six Physalis genotypes (Physalis ixocarpa, Physalis floridana, and Physalis peruviana genotypes Colombia, Sudafrica, Peru, and Accession 62) using physiological variables such as maximum quantum efficiency of Photosystem II (Fv/Fm), leaf gas exchange properties [net photosynthesis rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (g s )], and leaf water potential. An experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions in which plants of the different Physalis materials were inoculated with the F. oxysporum f. sp. physali strain Map5 at a concentration of 1 × 106 conidia mL-1. Physiological and disease development variables were measured at 15, 23, and 31 days after inoculation (DAI). The results obtained showed that P. peruviana genotypes Colombia and Sudafrica showed greater susceptibility to the disease (disease severity index 3.8 and 3.6, respectively). Net photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (g s ), water potential (Ψ fw ), and Fv/Fm ratio were lower compared to non-inoculated plants. P. floridana and P. ixocarpa plants inoculated with F. oxysporum showed similar behavior to non-inoculated plants for the evaluated variables. In conclusion, the results obtained suggest that these two genotypes can be considered in breeding programs or as rootstock for the establishment of cape gooseberry crops in soils with the presence of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Gómez-Caro
- Departamento de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
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Castro-Duque NE, Chávez-Arias CC, Restrepo-Díaz H. Foliar Glycine Betaine or Hydrogen Peroxide Sprays Ameliorate Waterlogging Stress in Cape Gooseberry. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9050644. [PMID: 32438675 PMCID: PMC7285368 DOI: 10.3390/plants9050644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous glycine betaine (GB) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) application has not been explored to mitigate waterlogging stress in Andean fruit trees. The objective of this study was to evaluate foliar GB or H2O2 application on the physiological behavior of Cape gooseberry plants under waterlogging. Two separate experiments were carried out. In the first trial, the treatment groups were: (1) plants without waterlogging and with no foliar applications, (2) plants with waterlogging and without foliar applications, and (3) waterlogged plants with 25, 50, or 100 mM of H2O2 or GB, respectively. The treatments in the second trial were: (1) plants without waterlogging and with no foliar applications, (2) plants with waterlogging and without foliar applications, and (3) waterlogged plants with 100 mM of H2O2 or GB, respectively. In the first experiment, plants with waterlogging and with exogenous GB or H2O2 applications at a dose of 100 mM showed higher leaf water potential (-0.5 Mpa), dry weight (1.0 g), and stomatal conductance (95 mmol·m-2·s-1) values. In the second experiment, exogenously supplied GB or H2O2 also increased the relative growth rate, and leaf photosynthesis mitigating waterlogging stress. These results show that short-term GB or H2O2 supply can be a tool in managing waterlogging in Cape gooseberry.
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Altuntaş C, Demiralay M, Sezgin Muslu A, Terzi R. Proline-stimulated signaling primarily targets the chlorophyll degradation pathway and photosynthesis associated processes to cope with short-term water deficit in maize. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 144:35-48. [PMID: 32112235 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00727-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Increased photosynthetic efficiencies in genotypes with greater proline level and in crops treated with proline under water deficit have been reported in recent years, but the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of this process are still not known. We examined photosystem II (PSII) activity, photosynthetic enzymes, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPc), rubisco activase (RCA), and chlorophyll metabolic enzymes, magnesium chelatase (Mg-CHLI), and chlorophyllase (Chlase), which would be the primary targets of exogenous proline to provide photosynthetic protection to plants under PEG-induced short-term water deficit. Two maize genotypes W23/M14 with greater proline content and Şafak with low proline content were hydroponically grown for 21-23 days, and then the seedlings were subjected to water deficit (- 0.75 MPa) induced by PEG6000 for 0, 4, and 8 h. Before the seedlings were exposed to the water deficit, proline (1 mM) was applied to the rooting medium of the Şafak genotype for 2 days. The time course effects of the applications showed that exogenous proline significantly enhanced PSII efficiency, PEPc activity, rubisco activity, and the relative expression levels of PEPc, rubisco large subunit, rubisco small subunit, and RCA genes at 0, 4, and 8 h. The W23/M14 genotype had higher rubisco quantity than the Şafak genotype at all time periods. Proline pre-treatment under the stress-free and PEG conditions reduced the activity of Chlase and the gene expressions of Chlase, while it enhanced Mg-CHLI gene expression at 0, 4, and 8 h. Taken together, the results indicated that the primary target of proline-stimulated signaling in maize seedlings exposed to short-term severe water deficit may be to induce PSII efficiency, activities of carbon dioxide fixation enzymes and chlorophyll metabolism and mitigate chlorophyll degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Altuntaş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Demiralay
- Department of Forestry Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Artvin Coruh University, 08000, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Asiye Sezgin Muslu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Rabiye Terzi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
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Chaves-Gómez JL, Chavez-Arias CC, Cotes Prado AM, Gómez-Caro S, Restrepo-Díaz H. Physiological Response of Cape Gooseberry Seedlings to Three Biological Control Agents Under Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali Infection. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:388-397. [PMID: 31809256 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-19-0466-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) fruit has gained recognition owing to its nutritional value and versatility to be consumed processed or as a fresh product. These characteristics have made it an important product in both national and international markets. One of the main limitations for this crop is Fusarium wilt caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physalis, for which biological control is emerging as an alternative to conventional management with chemical synthesis products. However, information on the effect that biological control agents have on the growth and development of plants is scarce. In this research, the physiological response of cape gooseberry plants (stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, growth parameters, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, and proline and malondialdehyde contents) to the treatment with three potential biocontrol agents (BCAs) Trichoderma koningiopsis, Trichoderma virens, and Bacillus velezensis was determined. The study was conducted under greenhouse conditions; F. oxysporum was inoculated in the soil, and BCAs were soil drenched in the germination and transplanting stages. Plants inoculated with the pathogen and plants without inoculation were used as controls. It was found that the plants inoculated and treated with T. virens showed the lowest disease levels (area under the disease progress curve of 48.5 and disease severity index of 2.1). Additionally, they showed a lower water potential (-0.317 Mpa), a greater leaf area (694.7 cm2), and a higher stomatal conductance (110.3 mmol m-2 s-1) compared with the control. Consequently, it can be concluded that T. virens can be a good candidate for the management of Fusarium wilt in the cape gooseberry crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Chaves-Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Bogotá, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | | | - Alba Marina Cotes Prado
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria AGROSAVIA, C. I. Tibaitatá, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Sandra Gómez-Caro
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Bogotá, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Hermann Restrepo-Díaz
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Bogotá, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
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Anee TI, Nahar K, Rahman A, Mahmud JA, Bhuiyan TF, Alam MU, Fujita M, Hasanuzzaman M. Oxidative Damage and Antioxidant Defense in Sesamum indicum after Different Waterlogging Durations. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E196. [PMID: 31261970 PMCID: PMC6681296 DOI: 10.3390/plants8070196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the duration-dependent changes in the biochemical attributes of sesame in response to waterlogging stress. Sesame plants (Sesamum indicum L. cv. BARI Til-4) were subjected to waterlogging for 2, 4, 6, and 8 days during the vegetative stage and data were measured following waterlogging treatment. The present study proves that waterlogging causes severe damage to different attributes of the sesame plant. The plants showed an increasing trend in lipid peroxidation as well as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and methylglyoxal contents that corresponded to increased stress duration. A prolonged period of waterlogging decreased leaf relative water content and proline content. Photosynthetic pigments, like chlorophyll (chl) a, b, and chl (a+b) and carotenoid contents, also decreased over time in stressed plants. Glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) contents increased under waterlogging, while the GSH/GSSG ratio and ascorbate content decreased, indicating the disruption of redox balance in the cell. Ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione peroxidase activity increased under waterlogging, while dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, and catalase activity mostly decreased. Waterlogging modulated the glyoxalase system mostly by enhancing glyoxalase II activity, with a slight increase in glyoxalase I activity. The present study also demonstrates the induction of oxidative stress via waterlogging in sesame plants and that stress levels increase with increased waterlogging duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taufika Islam Anee
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Anisur Rahman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Jubayer Al Mahmud
- Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Tasnim Farha Bhuiyan
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mazhar Ul Alam
- Institute of Seed Technology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
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