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Hashem AH, El-Naggar ME, Abdelaziz AM, Abdelbary S, Hassan YR, Hasanin MS. Bio-based antimicrobial food packaging films based on hydroxypropyl starch/polyvinyl alcohol loaded with the biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126011. [PMID: 37517763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, bio-based active food packaging materials have received much attention. It is known that the utilization of traditional materials for food packaging applications lack some critical characteristics such as resistance to the harmful microbes that cause a damage to the preserved foods. Therefore, the current study aimed to find an alternative packaging films comprises an efficient biopolymers. This research work was designed to prepare film mats using hydroxypropyl starch (HPS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), palmitic acid (PA) and biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs). The fabricated films were coded as 1H, 2H, 3H and 4H based on the utilized concentration of ZnONPs. The biosynthesized ZnONPs and the bio-based films loaded with ZnONPs were characterized. The results revealed that ZnONPs exhibited nearly spherical shape and size ∼40 nm. The surface structure of the produced bioactive packaging films exhibited smooth with homogeneous features, excellent mechanical and thermal stability properties. The prepared bioactive packaging film loaded with ZnONPs (4H) exhibited superior antibacterial activity among other films against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with inhibition zones 15.1 ± 0.76 and 12.1 ± 0.71 mm respectively. Correspondingly, packing film 4H exhibited potential antifungal activity toward Aspergillus niger RCMB 02724, A. flavus RCMB 02782, Penicillium expansum IMI 89372 and Fusarium oxysporum RCMB 001004 with inhibition zones (16 ± 1.0, 22 ± 0.90, 18.0 ± 1.1 and12.3 ± 0.57 mm respectively). Moreover, all prepared films did not show cytotoxicity on the normal cell line (Wi38) and recorded biodegradability properties that reached around 85 % after four weeks in soil. Based on these results, the antimicrobial films comprising HPS/PVA and loaded with the biosynthesized ZnONPs can be considered as a suitable film for food packaging purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mehrez E El-Naggar
- Institute of Textile Research and Technology, National Research Centre, 33 EL Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Salah Abdelbary
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Youssef R Hassan
- Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Hasanin
- Institute of Chemical Industries Research, National Research Centre, 33 EL Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
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Hashem AH, Al-Askar AA, Abd Elgawad H, Abdelaziz AM. Bacterial Endophytes from Moringa oleifera Leaves as a Promising Source for Bioactive Compounds. SEPARATIONS 2023; 10:395. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10070395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial endophytes reside within the tissues of living plant species without causing any harm or disease to their hosts. Bacterial endophytes have produced a variety of bioactive compounds that can be used for different biomedical applications. In the current study, two bacterial endophytes were isolated from healthy Moringa oleifera leaves, and identified genetically as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Alcaligenes faecalis. Phytochemical results illustrated that A. faecalis produced phenolics at 547.2 mg/g, tannins at 156.7 µg/g, flavonoids at 32.8 µg/g, and alkaloids at 111.2 µg/g compared to S. maltophilia, which produced phenolics at 299.5 mg/g, tannins at 78.2 µg/g, flavonoids at 12.4 µg/g, and alkaloids at 29.4 µg/g. GC-MS analysis indicated that A. faecalis extract has 24 bioactive compounds, including 9 major compounds, namely octadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, linoleic acid ethyl ester, octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, methyl stearate, nonacosane, indolizine, palmitoleic acid, and heptacosane. On the other hand, S. maltophilia extract has 11 bioactive compounds, including 8 major compounds, namely oleic acid, octadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, cis-2-phenyl-1, 3-dioxolane-4-methyl, ergotamine, diisooctyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, and pentadecanoic acid. To check the safety of these extracts, the cytotoxicity of Ethyl acetate (EA) extracts of S. maltophilia and A. faecalis were evaluated against the Vero normal cell line, and the results confirmed that these extracts are safe to use. Moreover, results revealed that EA extracts of S. maltophilia and A. faecalis exhibited anticancer activity against the cancerous MCF7 cell line, where IC50 was 202.4 and 119.7 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, EA extracts of S. maltophilia had antibacterial and antifungal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and unicellular fungi. Likewise, the EA extract of A. faecalis exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activity against Gram-positive bacteria, as well as unicellular fungi, but did not show any activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Also, EA extracts of S. maltophilia and A. faecalis exhibited moderate antioxidant activity where IC50 were 146.2 and 147.6 µg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, the two isolated endophytic bacteria S. maltophilia and A. faecalis have promising bioactive compounds that have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H. Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada Abd Elgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2180, Belgium
| | - Amer M. Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
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Hashem AH, Attia MS, Kandil EK, Fawzi MM, Abdelrahman AS, Khader MS, Khodaira MA, Emam AE, Goma MA, Abdelaziz AM. Correction to: Bioactive compounds and biomedical applications of endophytic fungi: a recent review. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:122. [PMID: 37407997 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02131-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Eslam K Kandil
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Fawzi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Abdelrahman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Khader
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Khodaira
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdallah E Emam
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Goma
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Hashem AH, Attia MS, Kandil EK, Fawzi MM, Abdelrahman AS, Khader MS, Khodaira MA, Emam AE, Goma MA, Abdelaziz AM. Bioactive compounds and biomedical applications of endophytic fungi: a recent review. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:107. [PMID: 37280587 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human life has been significantly impacted by the creation and spread of novel species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and virus strains that are difficult to manage. Scientists and researchers have recently been motivated to seek out alternatives and other sources of safe and ecologically friendly active chemicals that have a powerful and effective effect against a wide variety of pathogenic bacteria as a result of all these hazards and problems. In this review, endophytic fungi and their bioactive compounds and biomedical applications were discussed. Endophytes, a new category of microbial source that can produce a variety of biological components, have major values for study and broad prospects for development. Recently, endophytic fungi have received much attention as a source for new bioactive compounds. In addition, the variety of natural active compounds generated by endophytes is due to the close biological relationship between endophytes and their host plants. The bioactive compounds separated from endophytes are usually classified as steroids, xanthones, terpenoids, isocoumarins, phenols, tetralones, benzopyranones and enniatines. Moreover, this review discusses enhancement methods of secondary metabolites production by fungal endophytes which include optimization methods, co-culture method, chemical epigenetic modification and molecular-based approaches. Furthermore, this review deals with different medical applications of bioactive compounds such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant and anticancer activities in the last 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Esalm K Kandil
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Fawzi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Abdelrahman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Khader
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Khodaira
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdallah E Emam
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Goma
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Abdelaziz AM, El-Wakil DA, Hashem AH, Al-Askar AA, AbdElgawad H, Attia MS. Efficient Role of Endophytic Aspergillus terreus in Biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani Causing Damping-off Disease of Phaseolus vulgaris and Vicia faba. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1487. [PMID: 37374989 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The wide spread of plant pathogens affects the whole world, threatening national food security. Various fungi including Rhizoctonia solani induce the fungal disease damping-off that negatively affects plant seedlings' growth. Recently, endophytic fungi are used as safe alternatives to chemical pesticides that harm plant and human health. Here, an endophytic Aspergillus terreus was isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris seeds to control damping-off diseases by improving the defense system in Phaseolus vulgaris and Vicia faba seedlings. Endophytic fungus was morphologically and genetically identified Aspergillus terreus, and it is deposited in GeneBank under accession OQ338187. A. terreus demonstrated antifungal efficacy against R. solani with an inhibition zone at 22.0 mm. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ethyl acetate extract (EAE) of A. terreus were between 0.3125 and 0.625 mg/mL to inhibit R. solani growth. Precisely 58.34% of the Vicia faba plants survived when A. terreus was added compared with the untreated infected (16.67%). Similarly, Phaseolus vulgaris achieved 41.67% compared to the infected (8.33%). Both groups of treated infected plants showed reduced oxidative damage (reduced Malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide levels) as compared to untreated infected plants. Reduced oxidative damage was correlated with the increase in photosynthetic pigments and the antioxidant defense system including polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities. Overall, the endophytic A. terreus can be considered an effective tool to control the suppression of Rhizoctonia solani in legumes, especially Phaseolus vulgaris and Vicia faba, as an alternative to synthetic chemical pesticides that harm the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Deiaa A El-Wakil
- Department of Seed Pathology Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Askar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
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El-Batal AI, El-Sayyad GS, Al-Shammari BM, Abdelaziz AM, Nofel MM, Gobara M, Elkhatib WF, Eid NA, Salem MS, Attia MS. Protective role of iron oxide nanocomposites on disease index, and biochemical resistance indicators against Fusarium oxysporum induced-cucumber wilt disease: In vitro, and in vivo studies. Microb Pathog 2023; 180:106131. [PMID: 37121523 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently nanocomposites have become a super-growth inducers as well as vital antifungal agents, which enhance plant growth and suppress plant diseases. A new strategy regarding the fabrication of humic acid (H) and boron (B) conjugated Fe2O3 nanocomposites was performed. Fe2O3 NP-B and Fe2O3 NP-H were synthesized in the presence of gamma-rays (as a direct reducing agent). Gamma-rays provoked reduction of metal ions due to the liberated reducing electrons, (e-aq), in aqueous solutions which can be considered as direct reduction. Antifungal potential against Fusarium oxysporum, the causative agent of wilt disease in cucumber was determined. Disease index percent, metabolic resistance indicators in cucumber plant as response to promotion of systemic resistance (SR) were recorded. Results illustrated that both Fe2O3 NPs-B and Fe2O3 NPs-H had antifungal activity against F. oxysporum in vitro as well as in vivo. Results revealed that minimum inhibitory concentrations of Fe2O3 NPs-B and Fe2O3 NPs-H were 0.25 and 0.125 mM, respectively. Application of Fe2O3 NPs-B (0.25 mM) and Fe2O3 NPs-H (0.125 mM) appeared highly reduced the cucumber wilt disease symptoms incidence caused by F. oxysporum, and recorded disease severity by 83.33%. Fe2O3 NPs-B was the best treatment reducing disease indexes by 20.83% and gave highly protection against wilt disease by 75.0% and came next Fe2O3 NPs-H which reduced disease indexes by 25% and gave 69.99% protection against disease. Fe2O3 NPs-B and Fe2O3 NPs-H treatments improved morphological traits, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, total phenol and antioxidant enzymes activities in both infected and non-infected plants. The beneficial effects of the Fe2O3 NPs-B and Fe2O3 NPs-H were extended to increase not only the total phenol, and total soluble protein content but also the activities of peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes of the healthy and infected cucumber plants in comparison with control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I El-Batal
- Drug Microbiology Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gharieb S El-Sayyad
- Drug Microbiology Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University (ACU), Giza, Egypt; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt.
| | - Bassam M Al-Shammari
- Nutrtion Department, Al-Badaya General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Boys), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Nofel
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Boys), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Gobara
- Chemical Engineering Department, Military Technical College (MTC), Egyptian Armed Forces, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walid F Elkhatib
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization St., Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt
| | - Nerhan A Eid
- Plant Pathology Unit, Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, 11753, Egypt
| | - Marwa S Salem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Boys), Cairo, Egypt.
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Abdelaziz AM, Elshaer MA, Abd-Elraheem MA, Ali OMOM, Haggag MI, El-Sayyad GS, Attia MS. Ziziphus spina-christi extract-stabilized novel silver nanoparticle synthesis for combating Fusarium oxysporum-causing pepper wilt disease: in vitro and in vivo studies. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:69. [PMID: 36670250 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The novelty of the present study is studying the ability of aqueous Ziziphus spina-christi leaves' extract (ZSCE) to produce eco-friendly and cost-effective silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) against Fusarium wilt disease. Phytochemical screening of ZSCE by HPLC showed that they contain important antimicrobial substances such as Rutin, Naringin, Myricetin, Quercetin, Kaempferol, Hesperidin, Syringeic, Eugenol, Pyrogallol, Gallic and Ferulic. Characterization methods reveal a stable Ag NPs with a crystalline structure, spherical in shape with average particle size about 11.25 nm. ZSCE and Ag NPs showed antifungal potential against F. oxysporum at different concentrations with MIC of Ag NPs as 0.125 mM. Ag NPs treatment was the most effective, as it gave the least disease severity (20.8%) and the highest protection rate (75%). The application of ZSCE or Ag NPs showed a clear recovery, and its effectiveness was not limited for improving growth and metabolic characteristics only, but also inducing substances responsible for defense against pathogens and activating plant immunity (such as increasing phenols and strong expression of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase as well as isozymes). Owing to beneficial properties such as antifungal activity, and the eco-friendly approach of cost and safety, they can be applied in agricultural field as novel therapeutic nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Elshaer
- Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abd-Elraheem
- Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Omar M Omar M Ali
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt
| | - Muhammad I Haggag
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - Gharieb S El-Sayyad
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt. .,Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
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Abdelaziz AM, Kalaba MH, Hashem AH, Sharaf MH, Attia MS. Biostimulation of tomato growth and biocontrol of Fusarium wilt disease using certain endophytic fungi. Bot Stud 2022; 63:34. [PMID: 36484866 PMCID: PMC9733755 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-022-00364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.) suffers from numerous fungal pathogens that cause damage to yeild production qualitatively and quantitatively. One of the most destructive disease of tomato is Fusarium wilt that caused by soil borne fungus called F. oxysporum. METHODS In this study, the anti-Fusarium capabilities of the foliar application of fungal endophytes extracts have been investigated on tomato under Fusarium challenges. Antifungal assay, inhibition of conidial germination, disease severity, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, secondary metabolites, oxidative stress, peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidases (PPO) isozymes were tested for potential resistance of tomato growing under Fusarium infection. RESULTS Ethyl acetate extracts of A. flavus MZ045563, A. fumigatus MZ045562 and A. nidulans MZ045561 exhibited antifungal activity toward F. oxysporum where inhibition zone diameters were 15, 12 and 20 mm, respectively. Moreover, extracts of all fungal isolates at concentration 7.5 mg/mL reduced conidia germination from 94.4 to 100%. Fusarium infection caused a destructive effects on tomato plant, high severity desiese index 84.37%, reduction in growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, and soluble protein. However, contents of proline, total phenol, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and antioxidant enzymes activity were increased in tomato plants grown under Fusarium wilt. Treatment of healthy or infected tomato plants by ethyl acetate fungal extracts showed improvements in morphological traits, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, total phenol and antioxidant enzymes activity. Besides, the harmful impacts of Fusarium wilt disease on tomato plants have also been reduced by lowering MDA and H2O2 levels. Also, treated tomato plants showed different responses in number and density of POD and PPO isozymes. CONCLUSION It could be suggested that application of ethyl acetate extracts of tested fungal endophytes especially combination of A. flavus, A. nidulans and A. fumigatus could be commercially used as safe biostimulation of tomato plants as well as biofungicide against tomato Fusarium wilt disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed H Kalaba
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Sharaf
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
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Attia MS, El-Wakil DA, Hashem AH, Abdelaziz AM. Antagonistic Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Fungi Against Fusarium Wilt Disease in Tomato: In vitro and In vivo Study. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022. [PMID: 35689755 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03975-9.pdf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most destructive diseases for tomato plants. The novelty of this work was to investigate the antifungal and plant growth-promoting capabilities of some plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF). Plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) improved the plant health and control plant infections. In this study, two fungal strains as PGPF were isolated and identified as Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus oryzae using molecular method. The extracts of A. fumigatus and R. oryzae exhibited promising antifungal activity against F. oxysporum in vitro. Moreover, antagonistic effect of A. fumigatus and R. oryzae against F. oxysporum causing tomato wilt disease was evaluated in vivo. Disease severity and growth markers were recorded and in vitro antagonistic activity assay of the isolated A. fumigatus and R. oryzae against Fusarium oxysporum was measured. Physiological markers of defense in plant as response to stimulate systemic resistance (SR) were recorded. Our results indicated that A. fumigatus and R. oryzae decreased the percentage of disease severity by 12.5 and 37.5%, respectively. In addition, they exhibited relatively high protection percentage of 86.35 and 59.06% respectively. Fusarium wilt was declined the growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble carbohydrate, and total soluble protein, whereas content of free proline, total phenols, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes activity increased under infection. Moreover, application of A. fumigatus and R. oryzae on infected plants successfully recovered the loss of morphological traits, photosynthetic pigment total carbohydrates, and total soluble proteins in comparison to infected control plants. PGPF strains in both non-infected and infected plants showed several responses in number and density of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) isozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo-11884, Egypt
| | - Deiaa A El-Wakil
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 82817, Saudi Arabia
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo-11884, Egypt.
| | - Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo-11884, Egypt.
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Attia MS, Hashem AH, Badawy AA, Abdelaziz AM. Biocontrol of early blight disease of eggplant using endophytic Aspergillus terreus: improving plant immunological, physiological and antifungal activities. Bot Stud 2022; 63:26. [PMID: 36030517 PMCID: PMC9420682 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-022-00357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The eggplant suffers from many biotic stresses that cause severe damage to crop production. One of the most destructive eggplant pathogens is Alternaria solani, which causes early blight disease. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of fungal endophytes in protecting eggplant against early blight as well as in improving its growth performance. RESULTS Endophytic Aspergillus terreus was isolated from Ocimum basilicum leaves and identified morphologically and genetically. In vitro, crude extract of endophytic A. terreus exhibited promising antifungal activity against A. solani where minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 1.25 mg/ml. Severity of the disease and rate of protection from the disease were recorded. Vegetative growth indices, physiological resistance signs (photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates, proteins, phenols, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant enzymes), and isozymes were estimated. Alternaria solani caused a highly disease severity (87.5%) and a noticeable decreasing in growth characteristics and photosynthetic pigments except for carotenoids. Also, infection with A. solani caused significant decreases in the contents of carbohydrate and protein by 29.94% and 10.52%, respectively. Infection with A. solani caused enhancement in phenolics (77.21%), free proline (30.56%), malondialdehyde (30.26%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (125.47%), catalase (CAT) (125.93%), peroxidase (POD) (25.07%) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) (125.37%) compared to healthy plants. In contrast, the use of A. terreus on infected plants succeeded in recovering eggplants from the disease, as the disease severity was recorded (caused protection by 66.67%). Application of A. terreus either on healthy or infected eggplants showed several responses in number and density of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) isozymes. CONCLUSION It is necessary for us to address the remarkable improvement in the photosynthetic pigments, protein, carbohydrates, and enzymatic activity compared to infected control, which opens the way for more studies on the use of biocides as safe alternatives against fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Ali A Badawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
| | - Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
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Elbasuney S, El-Sayyad GS, Attia MS, Abdelaziz AM. Ferric Oxide Colloid: Towards Green Nano-Fertilizer for Tomato Plant with Enhanced Vegetative Growth and Immune Response Against Fusarium Wilt Disease. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022; 32:4270-4283. [PMID: 35910584 PMCID: PMC9306234 DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Global food crisis due to climate change, pandemic COVID-19 outbreak, and Russia-Ukraine conflict leads to catastrophic consequences; almost 10 percent of the world’s population go to bed hungry daily. Narrative solution for green agriculture with high vegetation and crop yield is mandatory; novel nanomaterials can improve plant immunity and restrain plant diseases. Iron is fundamental nutrient element; it plays vital role in enzyme activity and RNA synthesis; furthermore it is involved in photosynthesis electron-transfer chains. This study reports on the facile synthesis of colloidal ferric oxide nanoparticles as novel nano-fertilizer to promote vegetation and to suppress Fusarium wilt disease in tomato plant. Disease index, protection percent, photosynthetic pigments, and metabolic indicators of resistance in plant as response to induction of systemic resistance (SR) were recorded. Results illustrated that Fe2O3 NPs had antifungal activity against F. oxysporum. Fe2O3 NPs (at 20 µg/mL) was the best treatment and reduced percent disease indexes by 15.62 and gave highly protection against disease by 82.15% relative to untreated infected plants. Fe2O3 NPs treatments in either (non-infected or infected) plants showed improvements in photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, and antioxidant enzymes activity. The beneficial effects of the synthesized Fe2O3 NPs were extended to increase not only photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes contents but also the activities of peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), enzymes of the healthy and infected tomato plants in comparison with control. For, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities it was found that, application of Fe2O3 NPs (10 µg/mL) on challenged plants offered the best treatments which increased the activities of POD by (34.4%) and PPO by (31.24%). On the other hand, application of Fe2O3 NPs (20 µg/mL) on challenged plants offered the best treatments which increased the activities of CAT by (30.9%), and SOD by (31.33%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Elbasuney
- Head of Nanotechnology Research Center, Military Technical College (MTC), Cairo, Egypt
- School of Chemical Engineering, Military Technical College (MTC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gharieb S. El-Sayyad
- Drug Microbiology Lab, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amer M. Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Attia MS, El-Wakil DA, Hashem AH, Abdelaziz AM. Antagonistic Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Fungi Against Fusarium Wilt Disease in Tomato: In vitro and In vivo Study. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:5100-5118. [PMID: 35689755 PMCID: PMC9587074 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt is considered one of the most destructive diseases for tomato plants. The novelty of this work was to investigate the antifungal and plant growth-promoting capabilities of some plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF). Plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) improved the plant health and control plant infections. In this study, two fungal strains as PGPF were isolated and identified as Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus oryzae using molecular method. The extracts of A. fumigatus and R. oryzae exhibited promising antifungal activity against F. oxysporum in vitro. Moreover, antagonistic effect of A. fumigatus and R. oryzae against F. oxysporum causing tomato wilt disease was evaluated in vivo. Disease severity and growth markers were recorded and in vitro antagonistic activity assay of the isolated A. fumigatus and R. oryzae against Fusarium oxysporum was measured. Physiological markers of defense in plant as response to stimulate systemic resistance (SR) were recorded. Our results indicated that A. fumigatus and R. oryzae decreased the percentage of disease severity by 12.5 and 37.5%, respectively. In addition, they exhibited relatively high protection percentage of 86.35 and 59.06% respectively. Fusarium wilt was declined the growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble carbohydrate, and total soluble protein, whereas content of free proline, total phenols, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes activity increased under infection. Moreover, application of A. fumigatus and R. oryzae on infected plants successfully recovered the loss of morphological traits, photosynthetic pigment total carbohydrates, and total soluble proteins in comparison to infected control plants. PGPF strains in both non-infected and infected plants showed several responses in number and density of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) isozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo-11884, Egypt
| | - Deiaa A El-Wakil
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 82817, Saudi Arabia
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo-11884, Egypt.
| | - Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo-11884, Egypt.
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Sharaf MH, Abdelaziz AM, Kalaba MH, Radwan AA, Hashem AH. Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities and Phytochemical Analysis of Fungal Endophytes Isolated from Ocimum Basilicum. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022. [PMID: 34661866 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03702-w/figures/6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are living inside plants without any harmful effects; the prospecting about them is increased day by day because they can produce bioactive compounds which can be used in different applications. Herein, the current study was aimed to isolate the endophytic fungi from the Ocimum basilicum plant as safe microorganisms and evaluate their biological activities. The results illustrated that three endophytic fungal strains were isolated and identified morphologically and genetically as Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus flavus and deposited in gene bank under accession numbers MZ045561, MZ045562, and MZ045563 respectively. Moreover, cell-free filtrates of endophytic fungal strains were extracted using ethyl acetate, where these crude extracts exhibited promising antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Candida albicans at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. Furthermore, these endophytic strains exhibited a potential antioxidant activity where IC50 of the crude extract of A. nidulans, A. fumigatus, and A. flavus were (166.3, 68.4, and 347.1 µg/mL) and (151.2, 77.9, and 246.3 µg/mL) using DPPH and ABTS methods, respectively. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate crude extracts of these endophytic fungi did not exhibit any cytotoxic effect against Vero and Wi 38 normal cells. GC-MS analysis of the crude extract of A. nidulans, A. fumigatus, and A. flavus indicated the presence of 22, 22, and 20 active compounds, respectively. The major compounds in the fungal extracts are belonging to fatty acids, fatty acid esters, tetrahydrofurans, and sterols. In conclusion, the isolated endophytic A. nidulans, A. fumigatus, and A. flavus from Ocimum basilicum are promising sources for bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Sharaf
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Kalaba
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Radwan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
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Badawy AA, Alotaibi MO, Abdelaziz AM, Osman MS, Khalil AMA, Saleh AM, Mohammed AE, Hashem AH. Enhancement of Seawater Stress Tolerance in Barley by the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus ochraceus. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11070428. [PMID: 34209783 PMCID: PMC8307109 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Symbiotic plant-fungi interaction is a promising approach to alleviate salt stress in plants. Moreover, endophytic fungi are well known to promote the growth of various crop plants. Herein, seven fungal endophytes were screened for salt tolerance; the results revealed that Aspergillus ochraceus showed a great potentiality in terms of salt tolerance, up to 200 g L−1. The indole acetic acid (IAA) production antioxidant capacity and antifungal activity of A. ochraceus were evaluated, in vitro, under two levels of seawater stress, 15 and 30% (v/v; seawater/distilled water). The results illustrated that A. ochraceus could produce about 146 and 176 µg mL−1 IAA in 15 and 30% seawater, respectively. The yield of IAA by A. ochraceus at 30% seawater was significantly higher at all tryptophan concentrations, as compared with that at 15% seawater. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract of A. ochraceus (1000 µg mL−1) at 15 and 30% seawater was 95.83 ± 1.25 and 98.33 ± 0.57%, respectively. Crude extracts of A. ochraceus obtained at 15 and 30% seawater exhibited significant antifungal activity against F. oxysporum, compared to distilled water. The irrigation of barley plants with seawater (15 and 30%) caused notable declines in most morphological indices, pigments, sugars, proteins, and yield characteristics, while increasing the contents of proline, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. On the other hand, the application of A. ochraceus mitigated the harmful effects of seawater on the growth and physiology of barley plants. Therefore, this study suggests that the endophytic fungus A. ochraceus MT089958 could be applied as a strategy for mitigating the stress imposed by seawater irrigation in barley plants and, therefore, improving crop growth and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Badawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (A.A.B.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.K.)
| | - Modhi O. Alotaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (M.O.A.); (M.S.O.); (A.H.H.)
| | - Amer M. Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (A.A.B.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.K.)
| | - Mahmoud S. Osman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (A.A.B.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.O.A.); (M.S.O.); (A.H.H.)
| | - Ahmed M. A. Khalil
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (A.A.B.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.K.)
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 41911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Saleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Afrah E. Mohammed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amr H. Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (A.A.B.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.O.A.); (M.S.O.); (A.H.H.)
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15
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Hashem AH, Abdelaziz AM, Askar AA, Fouda HM, Khalil AMA, Abd-Elsalam KA, Khaleil MM. Bacillus megaterium-Mediated Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles and Their Antifungal Activity against Rhizoctonia solani in Faba Bean Plants. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:195. [PMID: 33803321 PMCID: PMC8001679 DOI: 10.3390/jof7030195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia root-rot disease causes severe economic losses in a wide range of crops, including Vicia faba worldwide. Currently, biosynthesized nanoparticles have become super-growth promoters as well as antifungal agents. In this study, biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) have been examined as growth promoters as well as antifungal agents against Rhizoctonia solani RCMB 031001 in vitro and in vivo. Se-NPs were synthesized biologically by Bacillus megaterium ATCC 55000 and characterized by using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. TEM and DLS images showed that Se-NPs are mono-dispersed spheres with a mean diameter of 41.2 nm. Se-NPs improved healthy Vicia faba cv. Giza 716 seed germination, morphological, metabolic indicators, and yield. Furthermore, Se-NPs exhibited influential antifungal activity against R. solani in vitro as well as in vivo. Results revealed that minimum inhibition and minimum fungicidal concentrations of Se-NPs were 0.0625 and 1 mM, respectively. Moreover, Se-NPs were able to decrease the pre-and post-emergence of R. solani damping-off and minimize the severity of root rot disease. The most effective treatment method is found when soaking and spraying were used with each other followed by spraying and then soaking individually. Likewise, Se-NPs improve morphological and metabolic indicators and yield significantly compared with infected control. In conclusion, biosynthesized Se-NPs by B. megaterium ATCC 55000 are a promising and effective agent against R. solani damping-off and root rot diseases in Vicia faba as well as plant growth inducer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H. Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 13759, Egypt; (A.H.H.); (A.A.A.); (H.M.F.); (A.M.A.K.)
| | - Amer M. Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 13759, Egypt; (A.H.H.); (A.A.A.); (H.M.F.); (A.M.A.K.)
| | - Ahmed A. Askar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 13759, Egypt; (A.H.H.); (A.A.A.); (H.M.F.); (A.M.A.K.)
| | - Hossam M. Fouda
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 13759, Egypt; (A.H.H.); (A.A.A.); (H.M.F.); (A.M.A.K.)
| | - Ahmed M. A. Khalil
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 13759, Egypt; (A.H.H.); (A.A.A.); (H.M.F.); (A.M.A.K.)
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 41911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Mona M. Khaleil
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 41911, Saudi Arabia;
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Attia MS, El-Sayyad GS, Abd Elkodous M, Khalil WF, Nofel MM, Abdelaziz AM, Farghali AA, El-Batal AI, El Rouby WMA. Chitosan and EDTA conjugated graphene oxide antinematodes in Eggplant: Toward improving plant immune response. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 179:333-344. [PMID: 33675834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy regarding the fabrication of chitosan (CS) or ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) on graphene oxide (GO) was performed. The nematocidal potential against Meloidogyne incognita causing root-knot infection in eggplant was tested. The plant immune response was investigated through measuring the photosynthetic pigments, phenols and proline contents, oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzymes activity. Results indicating that, the treatment by pure GO recorded the most mortality percentages of M. incognita 2nd juveniles followed by GO-CS then GO-EDTA. In vivo greenhouse experiments reveals that, the most potent treatment in reducing nematodes was GO-CS which recorded 85.42%, 75.3%, 55.5%, 87.81%, and 81.32% in numbers of 2nd juveniles, galls, females, egg masses and the developmental stage, respectively. The highest chlorophyll a (104%), chlorophyll b (46%), total phenols (137.5%), and free proline (145.2%) were recorded in GO-CS. The highest malondialdehyde (MDA) value was achieved by GO-EDTA (7.22%), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content by 47.51% after the treatment with pure GO. Treatment with GO-CS increased the activities of catalase (CAT) by 98.3%, peroxidase (POD) by 97.52%, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) by 113.8%, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 42.43%. The synthesized nanocomposites increases not only the nematocidal activity but also the plant systematic immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gharieb S El-Sayyad
- Drug Microbiology Lab., Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt; Chemical Engineering Department, Military Technical College (MTC), Egyptian Armed Forces, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - M Abd Elkodous
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; Center for Nanotechnology (CNT), School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nile University, Sheikh Zayed, Giza 16453, Egypt
| | - Waleed F Khalil
- Safety Fuel Cycle Department, Egyptian Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority (ENRRA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Nofel
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Farghali
- Material Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, 62511 Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I El-Batal
- Drug Microbiology Lab., Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Waleed M A El Rouby
- Material Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, 62511 Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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Khalil AMA, Abdelaziz AM, Khaleil MM, Hashem AH. Fungal endophytes from leaves of Avicennia marina growing in semi-arid environment as a promising source for bioactive compounds. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 72:263-274. [PMID: 33063859 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are broadly dispersed residing inside plant tissues and have been demonstrated as a treasure for bioactive natural products. Unexplored harsh and heavy metal contaminant habitat of Avicennia marina may have diverse and potential fungal association. Therefore, this work aimed to isolate the culturable fungal endophytes associated with leaves of A. marina and to evaluate their medical potentialities. Seventeen isolates of endophyte fungi were isolated from healthy leaves and their antimicrobial activities were evaluated. Results showed that isolates had activity against micro-organisms in addition to their antioxidant activity produced a variety of phenolic compounds, besides exhibited a lowest cytotoxicity against ATCC-CCL-81 cell line. Consequently, selected endophytic fungal isolates were identified genetically as Chaetomium sp., Chaetomium madrasense, Chaetomium sp., Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus hiratsukae, Aspergillus ochraceus, Alternaria tenuissima and Curvularia lunata with gene bank accession numbers MT089951, MT089952, MT089953, MT089954, MT089955, MT089956, MT089957 and MT089958 respectively. The most potent fungus extract was analysed using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry which verified the presence of numerous bioactive compounds. These findings confirmed that new endophytic fungal strains derived from A. marina thrive in harsh ecosystem produce bioactive metabolites which can be recommended as a novel source for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M A Khalil
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Biology Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M M Khaleil
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia.,Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - A H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Gaballa KM, Metwally IH, Refky B, AbdEIKhalek M, Saleh S, Abdelaziz AM, Arafa M. Ovarian gastrointestinal stromal tumor: does this diagnosis exist? EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2017; 38:147-149. [PMID: 29767886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare gastrointestinal (GI ) tract tumors. Those tumors rarely arise extra intestinally; within omentum, mesentery, and rarely uterus. The authors report a case of myxoid variant of GIST arising in the ovary with no evidence of a primary tumor in the GI tract. Surgeons as well as gynecologists should bear this possibility in mind when managing pelvic masses.
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Reda IM, Shokeir AA, Abdelaziz AM, Habashy YZ. Action of Bayer preparation A 139 on rabies virus. J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol 1967; 11:422-425. [PMID: 5629906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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