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Shi Y, Hao R, Ji H, Gao L, Yang J. Dietary zinc supplements: beneficial health effects and application in food, medicine and animals. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5660-5674. [PMID: 38415843 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Zinc, a crucial trace element is vital for the growth and development of humans. It is frequently described as 'the flower of life' and 'the source of intelligence'. Zinc supplements play a pivotal role in addressing zinc deficiency by serving as a vital source of this essential micronutrients, effectively replenishing depleted zinc levels in the body. In this paper, we first described the biological behavior of zinc in the human body and briefly described the physiological phenomena associated with zinc levels. The benefits and drawbacks of various zinc supplement forms are then discussed, with emphasis on the most recent zinc supplement formulations. Finally, the application of zinc supplements in food, medicine, and animal husbandry is further summarized. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Rui Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Haixia Ji
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Junyan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Fatima A, Zaheer T, Pal K, Abbas RZ, Akhtar T, Ali S, Mahmood MS. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Significant Role in Poultry and Novel Toxicological Mechanisms. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:268-290. [PMID: 37060542 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have involved a lot of consideration owing to their distinctive features. The ZnO NPs can be described as particularly synthesized mineral salts via nanotechnology, varying in size from 1 to 100 nm, while zinc oxide (ZnO), it is an inorganic substrate of zinc (Zn). The Zn is a critical trace element necessary for various biological and physiological processes in the body. Studies have revealed ZnO NPs' efficient immuno-modulatory, growth-promoting, and antimicrobial properties in poultry birds. They offer increased bioavailability as compared to their traditional sources, producing better results in terms of productivity and welfare and consequently reducing ecological harm in the poultry sector. However, they have also been reported for their toxicological effects, which are size, shape, concentration, and exposure route dependent. The investigations done so far have yielded inconsistent results, therefore, a lot of additional studies and research are required to clarify the harmful consequences of ZnO NPs and to bring them to a logical end. This review explores an overview of efficient possible role of ZnO NPs, while comparing them with other nutritional Zn sources, in the poultry industry, primarily as dietary supplements that effect the growth, health, and performance of the birds. In addition to the anti-bacterial mechanisms of ZnO NPs and their promising role as antifungal, and anti-colloidal agent, this paper also covers the toxicological mechanisms of ZnO NPs and their consequent toxicological hazards to vital organs and the reproductive system of poultry birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjmand Fatima
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tean Zaheer
- Institute of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kaushik Pal
- University Center for Research and Development (UCRD), Department of Physics, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Gharuan, Punjab, 140413, India.
| | - Rao Zahid Abbas
- Institute of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Tayyaba Akhtar
- KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub-Campus UVAS-Lahore, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Sultan Ali
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Hassan S, Sharif M, Mirza MA, Rehman MSU. Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Zinc Nanoparticles Prepared by Different Green Methods on Egg Production, Egg Quality, Bone Mineralization, and Antioxidant Capacity in Caged Layers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5794-5804. [PMID: 36997774 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03640-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study was planned to evaluate the effect of dietary zinc-oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles synthesized by different plant extracts on egg production, egg quality, bone mineralization, and antioxidant capacity in caged layers. Nanoparticles of ZnO were synthesized by using extracts of Allium sativum (AS), Aloe vera (AV), Curcuma longa (CL), and Zingiber officinale (ZO). Different sources of nano ZnO (AS, AV, CL, and ZO) with varying levels (35, 70, or 105 ppm) were tested on 288 caged LSL layers of 25 weeks of age. Each diet was offered to 4 replicates of 6 birds each level and the duration of trial was 8 weeks. Daily egg production, feed consumption, and fortnightly egg quality parameters were recorded. Egg quality parameters (egg weight, egg mass, shape index, yolk index, albumen index, Haugh unit score, specific gravity, and eggshell thickness) were determined fortnightly by taking 2 eggs from each replicate randomly. Antioxidant capacity and bone mineralization were determined at the end of the trial. Results showed that the nano ZnO preparations were not effective (P < 0.05) on laying performance but additional levels (70 ppm) improved egg production, feed conversion ratio, egg mass, Haugh unit score, and antioxidant capacity of chickens. An interaction was found among nanoparticles prepared by Allium sativum and Zingiber officianale extracts with 70 ppm level regarding total antioxidant capacity and egg production (P > 0.05). Interaction among source and level was not found regarding feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg quality, bone characteristics, and concentration of Zn. Results of the present study suggest that nano ZnO sources may not be a factor that affects performance, but level affects the birds' physiology. Thus, it is concluded that nano ZnO with 70 ppm concentration is sufficient to optimize the laying performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safdar Hassan
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sharif
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Aslam Mirza
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saif Ur Rehman
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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Hassan FA, Elkassas NEM, El-Bltagy EA, Mohamed MS, Mobarez S, Salim IH, Abdel-Aal MM. Dietary zinc-chitosan nanoparticles addition influences on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility, carcass indices, and immune function in weaned rabbits. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4819-4827. [PMID: 37051844 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2197467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to study the effect of zinc oxide-chitosan nanoparticles (Zn-CNPs) on growth performance, plasma constituents, carcass indices, and immune function in rabbit diets. Eighty weaned V-line males rabbits at 5 weeks of age were divided into four dietary groups of control diet; 50 Zn-CNPs; 75 Zn-CNPs;100 Zn-CNPs. Supplementation of Zn-CNPs did not affect final live body weight and average daily weight gain. 100 ppm Zn-CNPs recorded (p < 0.05) higher digestibility of DM, OM, CP, EE, and NFE. Dietary groups of 75 and 100 ppm were higher (p < 0.05) in DCP, TDN (%), and DE (kcal/kg). Zn-CNPs supplementation was higher (p < 0.05) in hot carcass and spleen weights %. The addition of Zn-CNPs in diets promoted dressing%. Significant increases (p < 0.05) in plasma total protein and albumin levels for 75 and 100 Zn-CNPs. Zn-CNPs decreased (p < 0.05) glucose, total cholesterol, LDL concentrations and increased (p < 0.05) plasma zinc levels, IgG, IgM. Plasma HDL level increased (p < 0.05) with 75 and 100 ppm Zn-CNPs. In conclusion, Zn-CNPs supplementations can use safely as a zinc source in rabbits diets without any detrimental effects on growth performance, plasma constituents, and carcass indices. Moreover, 50, 75, and 100 ppm Zn-CNPs enhanced the immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzia A Hassan
- Department of By-products Utilization Research, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nabila E M Elkassas
- Departement of Rabbit Breeding, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - E A El-Bltagy
- Department of By-products Utilization Research, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Manal S Mohamed
- Department of Poultry Nutrition Research, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samia Mobarez
- Department of Poultry Nutrition Research, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Salim
- Department of Poultry Nutrition Research, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - M M Abdel-Aal
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Mohamed ASA, Abd El Latif MA, Hussein EAM, Toson EMA, Saleh M, Kokoszynski D, Elnesr SS, Mohany M, Al-Rejaie SS, Elwan H. Efficacy of Dietary Supplementation with Zinc-Chromium Mixture, Organic Selenium, or Their Combinations on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Blood Profiles of Broilers under Heat Stress Conditions. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2539. [PMID: 37570347 PMCID: PMC10416910 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the effects of organic selenium (0.0-0.6 mg and 0.9 mg Se/Kg diet) and Zn-Cr mixture (100 mg Zn/Kg diet plus 1.5 mg Cr/Kg diet) on broiler chicken performance, carcass traits, blood hematology, and biochemistry under heat stress conditions, this study was conducted. Under temperatures between 30.21 to 31.82 °C, 240 broiler chickens (Ross-308), which were 7-day-old, were randomly assigned to one of six treatments: T1 (control), T2 (100 mg Zn per kg of diet and 1.5 mg Cr per kg of diet), T3 (0.6 mg Se per kg of diet), T4 (0.9 mg Se per kg of diet), T5 (100 mg Zn, 1.5 mg Cr and (LSe), and T6 (100 mg Zn, 1.5 mg Cr and (HSe)). At 35 days old, the chicks fed a diet containing Zn-Cr with low or high organic selenium (organic-Se) outweighed the control group in terms of live body weight, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). In comparison to the control treatment, birds fed diets supplemented with Zn-Cr or organic-Se (LSe, HSe) significantly increased their serum levels of total protein and total antioxidant capacity. However, these additives resulted in a decrease (p < 0.01) in their serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, creatinine, and uric acid. Together, it was found that trace elements (Zn-Cr and organic-Se) may greatly lessen the impacts of heat stress on broilers by promoting growth performance and boosting metabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhameed S. A. Mohamed
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, EL-Minya 61519, Egypt; (A.S.A.M.); (M.A.A.E.L.); (E.M.A.T.)
| | - Maha A. Abd El Latif
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, EL-Minya 61519, Egypt; (A.S.A.M.); (M.A.A.E.L.); (E.M.A.T.)
| | - Eman A. M. Hussein
- Department of Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom 32514, Egypt;
| | - Enas M. A. Toson
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, EL-Minya 61519, Egypt; (A.S.A.M.); (M.A.A.E.L.); (E.M.A.T.)
| | - Mohamed Saleh
- Department of Poultry Production, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt;
| | - Dariusz Kokoszynski
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85084 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.); (S.S.A.-R.)
| | - Salim S. Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.); (S.S.A.-R.)
| | - Hamada Elwan
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, EL-Minya 61519, Egypt; (A.S.A.M.); (M.A.A.E.L.); (E.M.A.T.)
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El-Shobokshy SA, Abo-Samaha MI, El-Maksoud EMA, Khatab SA, Khafaga AF, Wirtu G. Influence of Nano-Methionine supplementation in drinking water on growth performance, lipid metabolism, and related gene expression in broiler chicken. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9:743-753. [PMID: 36714509 PMCID: PMC9868780 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2022.i644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The study aimed to determine how Nano-Methionine (Nano-Meth) affected growth, lipid metabolism, and relative gene expression for acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), growth hormone receptor (GHR), insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGFR-1), myostatin (MSTN), and cholecystokinin (CCK) genes in broiler chickens. Materials and Methods A total of 100 1-day-old broilers were randomly assigned into 2 groups: 1) the control group received drinking water without any supplements, and 2) the Nano-Meth group received 10 ml/l of 5% Nano-Meth starting from 1 day old until 35 days old (the end of the experiment). Results Nano-Meth improved final body weight, weight gains, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio. Compared to the control group, Nano-Meth significantly lowered the serum levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein in chickens. Nano-Meth significantly increased the serum levels of total protein, albumin, high-density lipoprotein, and glucose more than the control group. Nano-Meth lowered the mRNA gene expression of ACC, FAS, MSTN, and CCK but increased that of GHR and IGFR-1. Conclusions We concluded that supplementation with Nano-Meth enhances growth performance and decreases lipid accumulation in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Set A. El-Shobokshy
- Department of Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Magda I. Abo-Samaha
- Poultry Breeding and Production, Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman M. Abd El-Maksoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shymaa A. Khatab
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F. Khafaga
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Gemechu Wirtu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
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Su Q, Zhao X, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zeng Z, Cui H, Wang C. Nano Functional Food: Opportunities, Development, and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010234. [PMID: 36613678 PMCID: PMC9820276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional food is a kind of food with special physiological effects that can improve health status or reduce illness. However, the active ingredients in functional foods are usually very low due to the instability and easy degradation of some nutrients. Therefore, improving the utilization rate of the effective ingredients in functional food has become the key problem. Nanomaterials have been widely used and studied in many fields due to their small size effect, high specific surface area, high target activity, and other characteristics. Therefore, it is a feasible method to process and modify functional food using nanotechnology. In this review, we summarize the nanoparticle delivery system and the food nanotechnology in the field of functional food. We also summarize and prospect the application, basic principle, and latest development of nano-functional food and put forward corresponding views.
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Nielsen TS, Engelsmann MN, Hansen SV, Maribo H. Bioavailability of Different Zinc Sources in Pigs 0-3 Weeks Post-Weaning. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:2921. [PMID: 36359046 PMCID: PMC9655132 DOI: 10.3390/ani12212921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioavailability of dietary zinc (Zn) in pigs may differ according to the Zn source and is affected by other components in the diet. The aim was to determine the biomarkers of Zn bioavailability (apparent total tract digestibility of Zn and serum Zn status) following six different sources of added Zn and their effect on the performance and faecal consistency score in piglets 0-3 weeks after weaning on day 28. The sources of Zn were Zn oxide (ZnO), Zn sulfate (ZnSO4), porous ZnO, Zn-glycinate, amino acid-bound Zn and hydroxy covalent-bound Zn added at 100 mg/kg (ZnO and ZnSO4 also added at 1000 mg/kg), in a total of eight treatments (n = 12/treatment). Pigs were individually housed, and titanium dioxide was included as an indigestible marker in the feed. The digestibility of Zn on day 14 post-weaning was negative for all six Zn sources at 100 mg Zn/kg, indicating insufficient Zn supply. The digestibility of Zn differed according to the Zn source, but the digestibility of Zn from ZnO and ZnSO4 did not differ between processed inorganic or chelated organic sources of Zn. However, the differences in Zn digestibility between Zn sources were not reflected as differences in the serum Zn status, feed intake, gain or probability of diarrhoea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina S. Nielsen
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Maiken N. Engelsmann
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Sally V. Hansen
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Hanne Maribo
- SEGES Innovation P/S, DK-1609 Copenhagen V, Denmark
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Bhagat S, Singh S. Nanominerals in nutrition: Recent developments, present burning issues and future perspectives. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Chen C, Qu M, Liang H, Ouyang K, Xiong Z, Zheng Y, Yan Q, Xu L. Gastrointestinal digestibility insights of different levels of coated complex trace minerals supplementation on growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:982699. [PMID: 36176698 PMCID: PMC9513376 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.982699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the optimum additional level of coated complex trace minerals (TMs) and its impacts on the growth performance of broilers through measurement of digestibility of nutrients and intestinal development. In a 56-day trial, a total of 360 one-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into six dietary treatment groups. Each treatment contained six replicates, with 10 birds. The control group was supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg of uncoated complex TMs in the basal diet (UCCTM1000). The remaining 5 treatments were degressively supplemented with coated complex TMs from 1,000 to 200 mg/kg in the basal diet, which were considered as (CCTM1000), (CCTM800), (CCTM600), (CCTM400), (CCTM200), respectively. Results: On comparing the UCCTM1000 supplementation, the CCTM1000 supplementation decreased the feed to gain ratio (F/G) (P < 0.05), increased digestibility of crude protein (CP) (P < 0.05), crude fat (CF) (P < 0.05), villus height (VH) of duodenum (P < 0.05), and the mRNA expression level of occludin in jejunal mucosa (P < 0.05). In addition, the F/G was lower in the CCTE600 group than that in the CCTE200 group (P < 0.05). The VH to crypt depth (CD) ratio (V/C) of jejunum and ileum in the CCTM400 and CCTM600 groups was higher (P < 0.05) than that in the CCTM1000 group. The serum endotoxin and D-lactate level and CP digestibility were increased by dietary coated complex TMs addition level. The mRNA expression levels of claudin-1 and ZO-1 in the CCTM600 group were higher (P < 0.05) than that in the CCTM1000 group. In conclusion, adding 600 mg/kg of coated complex TMs showed the minimum F/G and the maximum crude protein digestibility and intestine development of yellow-feathered broilers compared with other treatments. This supplementation level of coated complex TMs could totally replace 1,000 mg/kg of uncoated complex TMs to further decrease the dose of TMs and raise economic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbin Chen
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety Innovation Team, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingren Qu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety Innovation Team, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huan Liang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety Innovation Team, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kehui Ouyang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety Innovation Team, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhihui Xiong
- Gongqingcheng Element Animal Nutrition Co., Ltd., Gongqingcheng, China
| | - Youchang Zheng
- Gongqingcheng Element Animal Nutrition Co., Ltd., Gongqingcheng, China
| | - Qiuliang Yan
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Lanjiao Xu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety Innovation Team, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Zhu X, Shang X, Lin G, Li H, Feng X, Zhang H. Effects of Zinc Glycinate on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes, and Intestinal Morphology of Yellow Feather Broilers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4089-4097. [PMID: 34739674 PMCID: PMC9374618 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02990-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of zinc glycinate (Gly-Zn) on growth performance, serum biochemical index, intestinal morphology, and hepatic metallothionein (MT) mRNA expression in the liver of yellow feather broilers. A total of 540 18-day-old yellow feather broilers were randomly divided into three groups: control group (basal diet), ZnSO4 group (basal diet plus 60 mg Zn/kg from ZnSO4), and Gly-Zn group (basal diet plus 60 mg Zn/kg from zinc glycinate). Each treatment group had 6 replicates with 30 birds in each replicate. The experiment lasted for 42 days (18 to 59 days of age). The results showed that Gly-Zn supplementation significantly improved the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of broilers during 18 to 39 days of age compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05) but not different from the ZnSO4 group. The Gly-Zn group had higher glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (P < 0.05) and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations than the broilers in the control and ZnSO4 group. It was also observed that zinc content in the tibia of Gly-Zn group broilers was higher than the control and ZnSO4 group (P < 0.05). The results of intestinal morphology parameters showed that the Gly-Zn group significantly increased the villus height in duodenum and jejunum (P < 0.05) and decreased crypt depth in duodenum and ileum compared to the control group. However, there were no significant differences between the Gly-Zn group and ZnSO4 group in duodenum and ileum regarding intestinal morphology parameters. The Gly-Zn group significantly increased mRNA expression of MT in the liver than both control and ZnSO4 groups (P < 0.05). Collectively, the results indicated that supplementing 60 mg Zn/kg through zinc glycinate improved growth performance and serum indexes as well as intestinal morphology of yellow feather broilers. It also regulates MT gene expression more effectively than the ZnSO4 group at the transcriptional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Xiuguo Shang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Guozhao Lin
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Haojie Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Xin Feng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Huihua Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China.
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Yin D, Zhai F, Lu W, Moss AF, Kuang Y, Li F, Zhu Y, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Zhang S. Comparison of Coated and Uncoated Trace Minerals on Growth Performance, Tissue Mineral Deposition, and Intestinal Microbiota in Ducks. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:831945. [PMID: 35495727 PMCID: PMC9039745 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.831945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormally low or high levels of trace elements in poultry diets may elicit health problems associated with deficiency and toxicity, and impact poultry growth. The optimal supplement pattern of trace mineral also impacts the digestion and absorption in the body. For ducks, the limited knowledge of trace element requirements puzzled duck production. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of dietary inclusions of coated and uncoated trace minerals on duck growth performance, tissue mineral deposition, serum antioxidant status, and intestinal microbiota profile. A total of 1,080 14-day-old Cherry Valley male ducks were randomly divided into six dietary treatment groups in a 2 (uncoated or coated trace minerals) × 3 (300, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg supplementation levels) factorial design. Each treatment was replicated 12 times (15 birds per replicate). Coated trace minerals significantly improved average daily gain (p < 0.05), increased Zn, Se, and Fe content of serum, liver, and muscle, increased serum antioxidant enzyme (p < 0.05) and decreased the excreta Fe, Zn, and Cu concentrations. Inclusions of 500 mg/kg of coated trace minerals had a similar effect on serum trace minerals and tissue metal ion deposition as the 1,000 mg/kg inorganic trace minerals. Higher concentrations of Lactobacillus, Sphaerochatea, Butyricimonas, and Enterococcus were found in birds fed with coated trace minerals. In conclusion, diets supplemented with coated trace minerals could reduce the risk of environmental contamination from excreted minerals without affecting performance. Furthermore, coated trace minerals may improve the bioavailability of metal ions and the colonization of probiotic microbiota to protect microbial barriers and maintain gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafei Yin
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Zhai
- Yichun Tequ Feed Company, Yichun, China
| | - Wenbiao Lu
- Fujian Syno Biotech Co., Ltd., Fuzhou, China
| | - Amy F Moss
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Fangfang Li
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yujing Zhu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruiyang Zhang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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13
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Flores KR, Fahrenholz A, Ferket PR, Biggs TJ, Grimes JL. Effect of methionine chelated Zn and Mn and corn particle size on Large White male turkey live performance and carcass yields. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101444. [PMID: 34547618 PMCID: PMC8463767 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Most turkey research has been conducted with a regular corn particle size set through phase-feeding programs. This study's first objective was to determine the effect of increasing corn particle size through the feed phases on performance, processing yield, and feed milling energy usage in Large White commercial male turkey production. Zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) are essential microminerals for animals' healthy growth. The source in which these elements are supplied to the bird will determine their bioavailability, effect on bird growth, and subsequent environmental impact. This study's second objective was to measure both inorganic and chelated Zn and Mn sources on turkey performance, turkey carcass processing yields, and subsequent litter residues. Twelve hundred Nicolas Select male poults were randomly assigned to 48 concrete; litter-covered floor pens. The experimental design was a completely randomized block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of 2 sources of minerals (organic blend vs. inorganic) formulated to match breeder recommendations and 2 types of corn mean particle size (coarse corn [1,000-3,500 µm] vs. fine corn [276 µm]). The ASABE S319.4 standard was used to measure corn mean particle size. Bird performance, carcass processing yield, litter content of Zn and Mn, and pellet mill energy consumption were analyzed in SAS 9.4 in a mixed model. There was a reduction of pellet mill energy usage of 36% when coarse corn was added post-pelleting. Birds fed increasing coarse corn mean particle size were 250 g lighter on average in body weight (BW) than birds fed a constant control mean particle size. No difference was found in feed intake (FI) or feed conversion ratio (FCR). Birds fed methionine chelated Zn and Mn blended with inorganic mineral sources were 250 g heavier on average than birds fed only an inorganic source of minerals. In addition, feeding an organic blend of Zn and Mn resulted in greater breast meat yield. Litter from birds fed the control corn mean particle size, and inorganic minerals had a higher concentration of Zn in the litter but were not different when the chelated Zn/Mn were fed. In conclusion, increasing the corn mean particle size and adding it post pellet could save money during feed milling; however, birds might have a slightly lower BW. A combination of inorganic and chelated Zn and Mn may improve performance and increase total breast meat yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Flores
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA
| | - A Fahrenholz
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA
| | - P R Ferket
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA
| | - T J Biggs
- Global Animal Products, Inc. Amarillo, TX 79118, USA
| | - J L Grimes
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA.
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14
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Guo H, Yu Y, Hong Z, Zhang Y, Xie Q, Chen H. Effect of Collagen Peptide-Chelated Zinc Nanoparticles From Pufferfish Skin on Zinc Bioavailability in Rats. J Med Food 2021; 24:987-996. [PMID: 34448624 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-molecular-weight collagen peptides (CPs) with high zinc-chelating ability were extracted from pufferfish skin. Chelation of CPs with zinc was performed to prepare novel CP-chelated zinc (CP-Zn) nanoparticles. CP-Zn nanoparticles were spherical, regular, and well dispersed with an average size of ∼100 nm. The zeta potential assay was used to explore the stability of CP-Zn nanoparticles. CP-Zn nanoparticles were much more stable in the pH range of 3-8. The structural properties of CP-Zn nanoparticles were characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results indicated that CPs were chelated with Zn ions through the amino nitrogen and oxygen atoms from the carboxyl groups. Furthermore, the animal experiment results showed that CP-Zn nanoparticles were more effective in improving zinc bioavailability of Zn-deficient rats than zinc gluconate and zinc sulfate. The study demonstrated that CP-Zn nanoparticles were ideal for zinc supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghui Guo
- Technology Innovation Center for Exploitation of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen City, China
| | - Yun Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, China
| | - Zhuan Hong
- Technology Innovation Center for Exploitation of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen City, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Technology Innovation Center for Exploitation of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen City, China
| | - Quanling Xie
- Technology Innovation Center for Exploitation of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen City, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Technology Innovation Center for Exploitation of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen City, China
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15
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Mahmoud MAM, Yahia D, Abdel-Magiud DS, Darwish MHA, Abd-Elkareem M, Mahmoud UT. Broiler welfare is preserved by long-term low-dose oral exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles: preliminary study. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:605-620. [PMID: 33792477 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1905099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The potential public health risk through utilizing of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in food constitutes the major obstacle to the expansion of nanoparticle (NP) in food industry. Liver histology, bone marrow and liver genotoxicity, immunity, and oxidant status were investigated upon long-term ZnO NPs feed supplementation. One hundred and sixty male IR (Indian River) chicks were randomly allocated to one of the four dietary treatments: control, ZnO NPs at 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg for 42 days. This study revealed non-significant hepatic histopathological alterations and DNA damage and the treatment had no influence on body and organ weights, liver enzymes, lipid peroxidation (MDA), IgG, IgM, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). This study suggests that low-dose (< 40 mg/kg diet) long-term ZnO NPs supplementation to broiler chicks has no observed potential adverse effects on normal histology of the liver, blood physiology, immune system, and DNA damage of liver and bone marrows, which are critical features for validating ZnO NPs for use in food. Further studies are required to evaluate the probable withdrawal period of ZnO NPs before approval as a dietary supplement in broiler or livestock diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal A M Mahmoud
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Environmental sanitation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Doha Yahia
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Doaa S Abdel-Magiud
- Department of Forensic and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley, Egypt
| | - Madeha H A Darwish
- Department of Animal and poultry behavior and management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abd-Elkareem
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Usama T Mahmoud
- Department of Animal and poultry behavior and management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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