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Gupta M, Kumar S, Dwivedi V, Gupta DG, Ali D, Alarifi S, Patel A, Yadav VK. Selective synergistic effects of oxalic acid and salicylic acid in enhancing amino acid levels and alleviating lead stress in Zea mays L. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2400451. [PMID: 39235999 PMCID: PMC11382712 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2400451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Lead is one of the major environmental pollutants which is highly toxic to plants and living beings. The current investigation thoroughly evaluated the synergistic effects of oxalic acid (OA) and salicylic acid (SA) on Zea mays L. plants subjected to varying durations (15, 30, 30, and 45 days) of lead (Pb) stress. Besides, the effects of oxalic acid (OA) combined with salicylic acid (SA) for different amino acids at various periods of Pb stress were also investigated on Zea mays L. The soil was treated with lead nitrate Pb (NO3)2 (0.5 mM) to induce Pb stress while the stressed plants were further treated using oxalic acid (25 mg/L), salicylic acid (25 mg/L), and their combination OA + SA (25 mg/L each). Measurements of protein content, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, GSH content, and Pb concentration in maize leaves were done during this study. MDA levels increased by 71% under Pb stress, while protein content decreased by 56%, GSH content by 35%, and CAT activity by 46%. After treatment with SA, OA, and OA+SA, there was a significant reversal of these damages, with the OA+SA combination showing the highest improvement. Specifically, OA+SA treatment led to a 45% increase in protein content and a 39% reduction in MDA levels compared to Pb treatment alone. Moreover, amino acid concentrations increased by 68% under the Pb+OA+SA treatment, reflecting the most significant recovery (p < 0.0001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoti Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Swatantar Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering & Food Technology, University Institute of Engineering, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vinay Dwivedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Gwalior, India
| | - Dikshat Gopal Gupta
- Department of Urology & Pathology, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Marwadi University Research Center, Marwadi University, Rajkot, India
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Xu J, Li L, Ding Z, Xie J. Prolong the shelf-life of the Pakchoi seedlings through the ammonium glycyrrhizinate. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101620. [PMID: 39071937 PMCID: PMC11282947 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Pakchoi seedlings (Brassica chinensis L.) is susceptible to damage and spoilage during harvest and transport, leading to significant quality deterioration and financial losses. This study explored the use of ammonium glycyrrhizinate (AG) to address these issues. AG self-assembles into macromolecules at room temperature, blocking stomata and regulating respiration rates in Pakchoi seedlings. Additionally, it disrupts bacterial cell biofilm and inhibits its synthesis. While AG has been used in medicine, its application in the food industry remains limited. The study found that incorporating AG in Pakchoi seedlings preserves water content and total soluble solids (TSS), while preventing declines in catalase (CAT), Vitamin C (VC), and chlorophyll during storage. AG also reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and maintained peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. At a concentration of 4.25 g L-1, AG enhanced radical scavenging ability and extended the shelf life of Pakchoi seedlings by inhibiting bacteria and postponing senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Li Li
- Shanghai Tramy Green Food (Group) Co.Ltd, Shanghai Tramy Academy of modern Agricultural Industry, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - Zhaoyang Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai 201306, China
- Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-gang Special Area, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai 201306, China
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3
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Spanolios EM, Lewis RE, Caldwell RN, Jilani SZ, Haynes CL. Progress and limitations in reactive oxygen species quantitation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39373601 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03578j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a set of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing radicals. They are produced from a wide range of sources. In biological contexts, cellular stress leads to an overproduction of ROS, which can lead to genetic damage and disease development. In industry, ROS are often productively used for water purification or for analyzing the possible toxicity of an industrial process. Because of their ubiquity, detection of ROS has been an analytical goal across a range of fields. To understand complicated systems and origins of ROS production, it is necessary to move from qualitative detection to quantitation. Analytical techniques that combine quantitation, high spatial and temporal resolution, and good specificity represent detection methods that can fill critical gaps in ROS research. Herein, we discuss the continued progress and limitations of fluorescence, electrochemical, and electron paramagnetic resonance detection of ROS over the last ten years, giving suggestions for the future of the field.
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Gupta S, Kant K, Kaur N, Jindal P, Naeem M, Khan MN, Ali A. Polyamines: Rising stars against metal and metalloid toxicity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109030. [PMID: 39137683 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Globally, metal/metalloid(s) soil contamination is a persistent issue that affects the atmosphere, soil, water and plant health in today's industrialised world. However, an overabundance of these transition ions promotes the excessive buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ion imbalance, which harms agricultural productivity. Plants employ several strategies to overcome their negative effects, including hyperaccumulation, tolerance, exclusion, and chelation with organic molecules. Polyamines (PAs) are the organic compounds that act as chelating agents and modulate various physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes under metal/metalloid(s) stress. Their catabolic products, including H2O2 and gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), are also crucial signalling molecules in abiotic stress situations, particularly under metal/metalloid(s) stress. In this review, we explained how PAs regulate genes and enzymes, particularly under metal/metalloid(s) stress with a specific focus on arsenic (As), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn). The PAs regulate various plant stress responses by crosstalking with other plant hormones, upregulating phytochelatin, and metallothionein synthesis, modulating stomatal closure and antioxidant capacity. This review presents valuable insights into how PAs use a variety of tactics to reduce the harmful effects of metal/metalloid(s) through multifaceted strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalu Gupta
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University), Agra, 282005, India
| | - Krishan Kant
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University), Agra, 282005, India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University), Agra, 282005, India
| | - Parnika Jindal
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University), Agra, 282005, India
| | - M Naeem
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 2020002, UP, India
| | - M Nasir Khan
- Renewable Energy and Environmental Technology Center, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia; Department of Science and Basic Studies, Applied College, University of Tabuk, Tabuk-71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akbar Ali
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University), Agra, 282005, India.
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Mishra V, Tripathi DK, Rai P, Sharma S, Singh VP. Regulation of arsenate stress by nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide in Oryza sativa seedlings: Implication of sulfur assimilation, glutathione biosynthesis, and the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and its genes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109001. [PMID: 39213945 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Seed priming by nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in combating against abiotic stress in plants is well documented. However, knowledge of fundamental mechanisms of their crosstalk is scrambled. Therefore, the reported study examined the probable role of NO and H2S in the mitigation of arsenate toxicity (As(V)) in rice seedlings and whether their potential signalling routes crossover. Results report that As(V) toxicity limited shoot and root length growth with more As accumulation in roots. As(V) further caused elevated reactive oxygen species levels, inhibited ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes and relative gene expression of its enzymes and thus, causing lipid and protein oxidation. These results correlate with reduced nitric oxide synthase-like and L-cysteine desulfhydrase activity along with endogenous NO and H2S. While, L-NAME or PAG augmented As(V) toxicity, and addition of SNP or NaHS effectively reversed their respective effects. Furthermore, SNP under PAG or NaHS under L-NAME were able to pacify As(V) stress, implicating that endogenous NO and H2S efficiently ameliorate As(V) toxicity but without their shared signaling in rice seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Mishra
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Padmaja Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India.
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Cheng P, Sun Y, Wang B, Liang S, Yang Y, Gui S, Zhang K, Qu S, Li L. Mechanism of synergistic action of colistin with resveratrol and baicalin against mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 180:117487. [PMID: 39332187 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The rising incidence of colistin (COL) resistance poses a significant challenge, undermining the therapeutic efficacy of COL against life-threatening bacterial infections. Therefore, the urgent identification and development of new therapeutics are imperative. It has been proven that combinations of antibiotics and promising non-antibiotic agents could be a potential strategy to combat infections caused by MDR pathogens. Due to various antimicrobial properties, medicinal plants have attracted significant attention, which could be promising adjuvant. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effects of combining COL with resveratrol (RST) and baicalin (BAI) against mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli through antibiotic susceptibility testing, checkerboard method and time-killing assays. The mechanisms of combination treatment were analyzed using SEM, fluorometric assays and transcriptome analysis. The molecular docking assay was conducted to elucidate potential interactions between RST, BAI and the MCR-1 protein. Finally, we assessed the in vivo efficacy of combination against mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli. The results demonstrated that the combination of RST, BAI and COL showed significant synergistic activity both in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanistic study revealed that the combination could increase the membrane-damaging ability of COL, disrupt the homeostasis of proton motive force (PMF), inhibit the activity of efflux pumps and impair ATP supply. The molecular docking revealed that RST and BAI could bind to MCR-1 stably, indicating the combination of RST and BAI may be an effective MCR-1 inhibitor. Our findings demonstrated that the combination of RST and BAI might be potential COL adjuvant, providing an alternative approach to address mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cheng
- Animal-Derived Food Safety Innovation Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yingying Sun
- Animal-Derived Food Safety Innovation Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Botao Wang
- Animal-Derived Food Safety Innovation Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shuying Liang
- Animal-Derived Food Safety Innovation Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shixin Gui
- Animal-Derived Food Safety Innovation Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Animal-Derived Food Safety Innovation Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shaoqi Qu
- Animal-Derived Food Safety Innovation Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Animal-Derived Food Safety Innovation Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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7
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Feng Z, Gao B, Qin C, Lian B, Wu J, Wang J. Overexpression of PsMYB62 from Potentilla sericea confers cadmium tolerance in tobacco. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 216:109146. [PMID: 39342660 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Excessive cadmium (Cd) content in soil poses serious hazard to the survival and development of various organisms. Potentilla sericea, characterized by strong resistance and high utility value, is an excellent choice for urban ecological greening. Plant MYB transcription factors can participate in respondind to a variety of abiotic stresses such as heavy metals and salinity. In this study, PsMYB62 was transformed into tobacco by leaf disc infestation to obtain PsMYB62 overexpressing tobacco lines, and its mechanism in response to Cd stress was further investigated. The results showed that with Cd treatment, PsMYB62 overexpressing tobacco exhibited significantly higher net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, chlorophyll content, as well as enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase enzymes, along with increased levels of reduced glutathione, proline, and soluble protein compared to the control. Conversely, levels of O2- and H2O2, and malondialdehyde were markedly lower than those in the control(P<0.05). Moreover, the aboveground Cd content was notably higher in the control than in the transgenic lines, whereas the control was much lower than the transgenic lines in the belowground fraction, with Cd subcellular distribution ratios ranking as follows: cell wall fraction > soluble fraction > organelle fraction (P<0.05). The expression of NtHMA3, NtYSL, NtPDR4 and NtPDR5B were much lower in transgenic lines compared to the control, while NtNAS3, NtSOD, and NtGSH2 exhibited significantly higher expression. Consequently, this study provides genetic resources for molecular breeding of Cd-tolerant plants through genetic engineering and lays a theoretical foundation for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghong Feng
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Bing Gao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Chongyuan Qin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Bing Lian
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Jianhui Wu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Jinghong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Shriti S, Bhar A, Roy A. Unveiling the role of epigenetic mechanisms and redox signaling in alleviating multiple abiotic stress in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1456414. [PMID: 39363922 PMCID: PMC11446805 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1456414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities and subsequent global climate change instigate drastic crop productivity and yield changes. These changes comprise a rise in the number and severity of plant stress factors, which can arise simultaneously or sequentially. When abiotic stress factors are combined, their impact on plants is more substantial than that of a singleton stress factor. One such impact is the alteration of redox cellular homeostasis, which, in turn, can regulate downstream stress-responsive gene expression and resistance response. The epigenetic regulation of gene expression in response to varied stress factors is an interesting phenomenon, which, conversely, can be stable and heritable. The epigenetic control in plants in response to abiotic stress combinations and their interactions with cellular redox alteration is an emerging field to commemorate crop yield management under climate change. The article highlights the integration of the redox signaling pathways and epigenetic regulations as pivotal components in the complex network of plant responses against multi-combinatorial stresses across time and space. This review aims to lay the foundation for developing novel approaches to mitigate the impact of environmental stresses on crop productivity, bridging the gap between theoretical understanding and practical solutions in the face of a changing climate and anthropogenic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Shriti
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anirban Bhar
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College (Autonomous), Rahara, Kolkata, India
| | - Amit Roy
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Koyukan B, Arikan-Abdulveli B, Yildiztugay E, Ozfidan-Konakci C. The regulatory roles of a plant neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, on growth, PSII photochemistry and antioxidant systems in wheat exposed to cadmium and/or mercury stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 362:124978. [PMID: 39303933 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals increase in nature due to anthropogenic activities and negatively impact the growth, progress, and efficiency of plants. Among the toxic metal pollutants that can cause dangerous effects when accumulated by plants, mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) were investigated in this study. These metals typically inhibit important enzymes and halt their functioning, thereby adversely affecting the capability of plants to achieve photosynthesis, respiration, and produce quality crops. Acetylcholine (ACh) serves as a potent neurotransmitter present in both primitive and advanced plant species. Its significant involvement in diverse metabolic processes, particularly in regulating growth and adaptation to stress, is well recognized. For this aim, effects of acetylcholine (ACh1, 10 μM; ACh2, 100 μM) were survey in Triticum aestivum under Hg and/or Cd stress (Hg, 50 μM; Cd, 100 μM). Wheat seedlings exhibited a growth retardation of about 24% under Hg or Cd stress. Combined stress conditions (Cd+Hg) resulted in a decrease in RWC by approximately 16%. Two different doses of ACh treatment to stressed plants positively affected growth parameters and regulated the water relations. Gas exchange was limited in stress groups, and the photochemical quantum competency of PSII (Fv/Fm) was suppressed. Cd+ACh1 and Cd+ACh2 treatments resulted in approximately 2-fold and 1.5-fold improvement in stomatal conductance and carbon assimilation rate, respectively. Similarly, improvement was observed with ACh treatments in wheat seedlings under Hg stress. Under Cd and/or Hg stress, high levels of H2O2 accumulated and lipid peroxidation occurred. According to our results, ACh treatment upon Cd and Hg stresses improved the activities of SOD, POX, and APX, thereby reducing oxidative damage. In conclusion, ACh treatment was found to ensure stress tolerance and limit the adverse effects caused by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buket Koyukan
- Department of Biotechnology, Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, TURKEY.
| | - Busra Arikan-Abdulveli
- Department of Biotechnology, Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, TURKEY.
| | - Evren Yildiztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, TURKEY.
| | - Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram, 42090, Konya, TURKEY.
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10
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Liu L, Gui H, Zou D, Jiao W, Wang S, Wan X. Long-term adaptation of water hyacinth to low cadmium involves antioxidant enzyme and metallothionein transcriptional regulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024:143346. [PMID: 39278329 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the main heavy metal pollutants in environment. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is an effective phytoremediation plant for mitigating Cd stress, though the concentration threshold for its long-term survival remains unclear. Our results indicate that 4 mg L-1 Cd may be the maximum threshold for long-term cultivation of water hyacinth, as it significantly inhibits root growth and photosynthesis. The activity of superoxide dismutase increased under low concentration Cd treatment (0.5 and 1.0 mg L-1), potentially contributing to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in water hyacinth. Additionally, we identified the Cd-induced metallothionein gene MT1, whose heterologous expression in yeast enhanced Cd tolerance despite higher Cd accumulation. The upregulation of MT1 may enhance the detoxification capacity of water hyacinth under Cd stress. Our findings establish the Cd range for long-term cultivation of water hyacinth and elucidated the mechanism of its tolerance to moderate Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- College of Resources and Environment of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Hengjun Gui
- College of Resources and Environment of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Dan Zou
- College of Resources and Environment of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Wenyang Jiao
- College of Resources and Environment of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Sheliang Wang
- College of Resources and Environment of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqiong Wan
- College of Resources and Environment of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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11
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Kaur R, Gupta S, Tripathi V, Bharadwaj A. Unravelling the secrets of soil microbiome and climate change for sustainable agroecosystems. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024:10.1007/s12223-024-01194-9. [PMID: 39249146 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01194-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The soil microbiota exhibits an important function in the ecosystem, and its response to climate change is of paramount importance for sustainable agroecosystems. The macronutrients, micronutrients, and additional constituents vital for the growth of plants are cycled biogeochemically under the regulation of the soil microbiome. Identifying and forecasting the effect of climate change on soil microbiomes and ecosystem services is the need of the hour to address one of the biggest global challenges of the present time. The impact of climate change on the structure and function of the soil microbiota is a major concern, explained by one or more sustainability factors around resilience, reluctance, and rework. However, the past research has revealed that microbial interventions have the potential to regenerate soils and improve crop resilience to climate change factors. The methods used therein include using soil microbes' innate capacity for carbon sequestration, rhizomediation, bio-fertilization, enzyme-mediated breakdown, phyto-stimulation, biocontrol of plant pathogens, antibiosis, inducing the antioxidative defense pathways, induced systemic resistance response (ISR), and releasing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the host plant. Microbial phytohormones have a major role in altering root shape in response to exposure to drought, salt, severe temperatures, and heavy metal toxicity and also have an impact on the metabolism of endogenous growth regulators in plant tissue. However, shelf life due to the short lifespan and storage time of microbial formulations is still a major challenge, and efforts should be made to evaluate their effectiveness in crop growth based on climate change. This review focuses on the influence of climate change on soil physico-chemical status, climate change adaptation by the soil microbiome, and its future implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasanpreet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, IAH, GLA University, Mathura, India
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, IAH, GLA University, Mathura, India.
| | - Vishal Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Alok Bharadwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, IAH, GLA University, Mathura, India
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Elbasan F, Arikan-Abdulveli B, Ozfidan-Konakci C, Yildiztugay E, Tarhan İ, Çelik B. Exploring the defense strategies of benzalkonium chloride exposures on the antioxidant system, photosynthesis and ROS accumulation in Lemna minor. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142924. [PMID: 39048046 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
With the advent of technological advancements post the industrial revolution, thousands of chemicals are introduced into the market annually to enhance different facets of human life. Among these, pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), including antibiotics and disinfectants, such as benzalkonium chlorides (BACs), are prominent. BACs, often used for surface and hand disinfection in high concentrations or as preservatives in health products such as nasal sprays and eye drops, may present environmental risks if they seep into irrigation water through prolonged exposure or improper application. The primary objective of this study is to elucidate the tolerance mechanisms that may arise in Lemna minor plants, known for their remarkable capability to accumulate substances efficiently, in response to exogenously applied BACs at varying concentrations. The study applied six different concentrations of BACs, ranging from 0.25 to 10 mg L-1. The experimental period spanned seven days, during which the treatments were conducted in triplicate to ensure reliability and reproducibility of the results. It was observed that low concentrations of BACs (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg L-1) did not elicit any statistically significant changes in growth parameters. However, higher concentrations of BACs (2.5, 5, and 10 mg L-1) resulted in a reduction in RGR by 20%, 28%, and 36%, respectively. Chlorophyll fluorescence declined significantly at BAC doses of 5 and 10 mg L-1, with Fv/Fm ratios decreasing by 9% and 15%, and Fv/Fo ratios by 40% and 39%, respectively. Proline content decreased in all treatment groups, with a 46% reduction at 10 mg L-1 BAC. TBARS and H2O2 contents increased proportionally with BAC dosage, showing the highest increases of 30% and 40% at 10 mg L-1, respectively. The noticeable increase in SOD enzyme activity at BAC concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 2.5 mg L-1, with increases of 2.7-fold, 2.2-fold, and 1.7-fold respectively, along with minimal accumulation of H2O2, suggests that L. minor plants have a strong tolerance to BAC. This is supported by the efficient functioning of the CAT and GST enzymes, especially evident at the same concentrations, where increased activities effectively reduce the buildup of H2O2. In the AsA-GSH cycle, although variations were observed between groups, the contribution of the GR enzyme to the preservation of GSH content by recycling GSSG likely maintained redox homeostasis in the plant, especially at low concentrations of BACs. The study revealed that L. minor effectively accumulates BAC alongside its tolerance mechanisms and high antioxidant activity. These results underscore the potential for environmental cleanup efforts through phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fevzi Elbasan
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Busra Arikan-Abdulveli
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 42090, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Evren Yildiztugay
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - İsmail Tarhan
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Berfin Çelik
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
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13
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Tanveer M, Xing Z, Huang L, Wang L, Shabala S. Effects of superoxide radical on photosynthesis and K + and redox homeostasis in quinoa and spinach. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108886. [PMID: 38950461 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Methyl viologen (MV), also known as paraquat, is a widely used herbicide but has also been reported as highly toxic to different life forms. The mode of its operation is related to superoxide radical (O2.-) production and consequent oxidative damage. However, besides the damage to key macromolecules, reactive oxygen species (ROS; to which O2.- belongs) are also known as regulators of numerous ion transport systems located at cellular membranes. In this study, we used MV as a tool to probe the role of O2.- in regulating membrane-transport activity and systemic acquired tolerance in halophytic Chenopodium quinoa and glycophytic spinach plants. Both plant species showed growth reduction in terms of reduced shoot length, lower shoot fresh and dry weight, photosynthesis rate, and chlorophyll contents; however, quinoa showed less reduction in growth compared with spinach. This whole plant response was further examined by measuring the ion concentration, gene expression of ion transporters, activation of antioxidants, and osmolyte accumulation. We observed that at the mechanistic level, the differences in growth in response to MV were conferred by at least four complementary physiological mechanisms: (1) higher K+ loss from spinach leaves resulted from higher expression of MV-induced plasma membrane-based depolarization-activated K+ efflux GORK channel, (2) higher activation of high-affinity K+ uptake transporter HAK5 in quinoa, (3) higher antioxidant production and osmolyte accumulation in quinoa as compared with spinach, and (4) maintaining a higher rate of photosynthesis due to higher chlorophyll contents, and efficiency of photosystem II and reduced ROS and MDA contents. Obtained results also showed that MV induced O2.- significantly reduced N contents in both species but with more pronounced effects in glycophytic spinach. Taken together this study has shown the role of O2.- in regulating membrane ion transport and N metabolism in the leaves of halophyte vs. glycophyte in the context of oxidative stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Tanveer
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Zeming Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Liping Huang
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China; School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia.
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14
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Freitas CDT, Demarco D, Oliveira JS, Ramos MV. Review: Laticifer as a plant defense mechanism. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 346:112136. [PMID: 38810884 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Laticifers have been utilized as paradigms to enhance comprehension of specific facets of plant ecology and evolution. From the beginning of seedling growth, autonomous laticifer networks are formed throughout the plant structure, extending across all tissues and organs. The vast majority of identified products resulting from laticifer chemistry and metabolism are linked to plant defense. The latex, which is the fluid contained within laticifers, is maintained under pressure and has evolved to serve as a defense mechanism against both aggressors and invaders, irrespective of their capabilities or tactics. Remarkably, the latex composition varies among different species. The current goal is to understand the specific functions of various latex components in combating plant enemies. Therefore, the study of latex's chemical composition and proteome plays a critical role in advancing our understanding about plant defense mechanisms. Here, we will discuss some of these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleverson D T Freitas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara. Campus do Pici, Bloco 907, Fortaleza, Ceará CEP 60451-970, Brazil.
| | - Diego Demarco
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jefferson S Oliveira
- Federal University of Delta of Parnaíba, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Márcio V Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara. Campus do Pici, Bloco 907, Fortaleza, Ceará CEP 60451-970, Brazil.
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15
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Rasool S, Jensen B, Roitsch TG, Meyling NV. Enzyme regulation patterns in fungal inoculated wheat may reflect resistance and tolerance towards an insect herbivore. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 300:154298. [PMID: 38924905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Seed inoculation with entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) causes plant-mediated effects against arthropod herbivores, but the responses vary among EPF isolates. We used a wheat model system with three isolates representing Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium spp. causing either negative or positive effects against the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi. Activities of six carbohydrate enzymes increased in plants showing biomass build-up after EPF inoculations. However, only aldolase activity showed positive correlation with R. padi numbers. Plants inoculated with M. robertsii hosted fewest aphids and showed increased activity of superoxide dismutase, implying a defense strategy of resistance towards herbivores. In M. brunneum-inoculated plants, hosting most R. padi, activities of catalase and glutathione reductase were increased suggesting enhanced detoxification responses towards aphids. However, M. brunneum simultaneously increased plant growth indicating that this isolate may cause the plant to tolerate herbivory. EPF seed inoculants may therefore mediate either tolerance or resistance towards biotic stress in plants in an isolate-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Rasool
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands.
| | - Birgit Jensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Thomas G Roitsch
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Nicolai V Meyling
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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16
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Srivashtav V, Verma D, Kansara R, Jha S, Singh A. Effect of cadmium toxicity on growth, physiochemical parameters and antioxidant system of castor seedlings. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36536. [PMID: 39262939 PMCID: PMC11388685 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The research was aimed to determine the potential impact of cadmium contamination on Ricinus communis. The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity in the root was highest when exposed to 0.2 mM of Cd, with an increase of 15.63 % and 14.48 % at 0 and 24 h, respectively, compared to its control. However, citrate synthase (CS) activity declined in leaves, in contrast, to root, i.e., 12.22 % at 48 h of Cd stress. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) activity was maximum in leaves at 0.2 mM of Cd at 0 and 24 h, i.e., 12.36 % and 13.08 % respectively, and later decreased in activity was seen in roots and leaves as the Cd stress increased. Moreover, the level of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) declined in leaves as the Cd level increased, while activity increased in roots at 0.4 mM of Cd i.e., 17.21 %, 17.52 %, and 10.53 % at 0, 24, and 48 h respectively. The important metabolite, glutathione level in the roots of SKP 84 was higher than in the leaf extract. A decline in biomass of up to 28.70 % and 30.91 % and plant length of up to 20.80 % and 26.10 % in shoot and roots, respectively, tolerance index was maximum at 0.2 mM, i.e., 98.62 % was seen. The leaves had 35.40 % catalase (CAT) activity, while the roots had 78.26 % guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activity at 0.6 mM of Cd. At 0.2 mM of Cd, the maximum activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) was observed, with 67.32 % and 62.85 % activity in roots and leaves respectively. However, a reduction in the SOD activity was seen as the Cd stress increased. Increased Cd levels decreased chlorophyll but increased MDA and proline content in leaves at 0.8 mM of Cd, i.e., 82.92 % and 21.7 %, respectively. It indicated that R. communis SKP 84, a fusarium wilt resistance line, is also tolerant to Cd and can be used for phytoremediation in Cd-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Srivashtav
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, 231001, U.P, India
| | - Deepika Verma
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, 231001, U.P, India
| | - Rohan Kansara
- Food Quality Testing Laboratory, N.M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, 396450, Gujarat, India
| | - Sanjay Jha
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ASPEE Shakilam Agricultural Biotech Institute, Navsari Agricultural University, Athwa Farm, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhinav Singh
- Department of Agricultural Statistics, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, 231001, U.P, India
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17
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Bozaba TO, Kuru İS. The effect of the combined application of elicitors to Salvia virgata Jacq. under salinity stress on physiological and antioxidant defense. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:788. [PMID: 39164648 PMCID: PMC11337643 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the most important stress barriers to crop production worldwide. Developing and implementing new strategies against salinity stress is critical for increasing agricultural productivity and supporting sustainable farming. Elicitors such as nanoparticles and Salicylic acid have recently been used potentially for better product yield. Therefore, in our research the Salvia virgata plant was exposed to salinity (NaCl) stress, and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP), salicylic acid (SA), and the ZnONP + SA combination were applied to plants divided into different groups. While salinity stress decreased the amount of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid pigments, SA, ZnONP, and SA + ZnONP elicitors combined with salinity stress enhanced the content of all three pigments. While salt stress raised MDA, H2O2, total phenolic, total flavonoid, soluble sugar and proline content, elicitor applications enhanced proline, soluble sugar, total phenolic and total flavonoid content more. Additionally, the application of NaCl + SA + ZnONP increased proline content by 21.55% and sugar content by 15.73% compared to NaCl application, while decreasing MDA content by 42.28% and H2O2 levels by 42.34%, thereby alleviating the plant's salt stress. It was revealed that DPPH, ABTS, and CUPRAC antioxidant activity sequence used to determine the total antioxidant activity displayed similarities, and it was found as NaCI + ZnONP > NaCI + SA > NaCI + SA + ZnONP > NaCI > Control. Furthermore, all elicitor applications increased CAT, GR, APX, and SOD enzyme activities while reducing oxidative stress in S. virgata plants. When all the data were evaluated, it was confirmed that SA and ZnONP had a synergistic effect and that SA and ZnONP have the potential to support plant development and growth under salinity. SA and ZnONP applications may have the capacity to least the detrimental impacts of salinity stress on plants. However, further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of SA and ZnONPs in ameliorating salinity or different stress factors in various other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Türkan Oktay Bozaba
- Institute of Graduate Studies, Department of Biology, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Selçuk Kuru
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Sason Vocational School, Batman University, Batman, Turkey.
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18
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Li M, Shang Z, Ma Y, Zhao H, Ni Z, Wei Z, Zhang X. Tolerance Mechanisms and Removal Efficiency of Chlorella pyrenoidosa in Treating 3-Fluorophenol Pollution. Metabolites 2024; 14:449. [PMID: 39195545 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14080449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the growth tolerance mechanisms of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to 3-fluorophenol and its removal efficiency by algal cells. Our results indicate that C. pyrenoidosa can tolerate up to 100 mg/L of 3-fluorophenol, exhibiting a significant hormesis effect characterized by initial inhibition followed by promotion of growth. In C. pyrenoidosa cells, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), were higher than or comparable to the control group. Metabolic analysis revealed that the 3-fluorophenol treatment activated pathways, such as glycerol phospholipid metabolism, autophagy, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, contributed to the stabilization of cell membrane structures and enhanced cell repair capacity. After 240 h of treatment, over 50% of 3-fluorophenol was removed by algal cells, primarily through adsorption. Thus, C. pyrenoidosa shows potential as an effective biosorbent for the bioremediation of 3-fluorophenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Development and Applications in Special Environment, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zhenfang Shang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yonglan Ma
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Huijun Zhao
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zhijing Ni
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Development and Applications in Special Environment, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zhaojun Wei
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xiu Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Development and Applications in Special Environment, Yinchuan 750021, China
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19
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Liu C, Liu Q, Mou Z. Redox signaling and oxidative stress in systemic acquired resistance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:4535-4548. [PMID: 38693779 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Plants fully depend on their immune systems to defend against pathogens. Upon pathogen attack, plants not only activate immune responses at the infection site but also trigger a defense mechanism known as systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in distal systemic tissues to prevent subsequent infections by a broad-spectrum of pathogens. SAR is induced by mobile signals produced at the infection site. Accumulating evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role in SAR signaling. ROS burst at the infection site is one of the earliest cellular responses following pathogen infection and can spread to systemic tissues through membrane-associated NADPH oxidase-dependent relay production of ROS. It is well known that ROS ignite redox signaling and, when in excess, cause oxidative stress, damaging cellular components. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on redox regulation of several SAR signaling components. We discuss the ROS amplification loop in systemic tissues involving multiple SAR mobile signals. Moreover, we highlight the essential role of oxidative stress in generating SAR signals including azelaic acid and extracellular NAD(P) [eNAD(P)]. Finally, we propose that eNAD(P) is a damage-associated molecular pattern serving as a converging point of SAR mobile signals in systemic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Qingcai Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Zhonglin Mou
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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20
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Zaidi S, Hayat S, Pichtel J. Arsenic-induced plant stress: Mitigation strategies and omics approaches to alleviate toxicity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108811. [PMID: 38870680 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a metalloid pollutant that is extensively distributed in the biosphere. As is among the most prevalent and toxic elements in the environment; it induces adverse effects even at low concentrations. Due to its toxic nature and bioavailability, the presence of As in soil and water has prompted numerous agricultural, environmental, and health concerns. As accumulation is detrimental to plant growth, development, and productivity. Toxicity of As to plants is a function of As speciation, plant species, and soil properties. As inhibits root proliferation and reduces leaf number. It is associated with defoliation, reduced biomass, nutrient uptake, and photosynthesis, chlorophyll degradation, generation of reactive oxygen species, membrane damage, electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation and genotoxicity. Plants respond to As stress by upregulating genes involved in detoxification. Different species have adopted avoidance and tolerance responses for As detoxification. Plants also activate phytohormonal signaling to mitigate the stressful impacts of As. This review addresses As speciation, uptake, and accumulation by plants. It describes plant morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes and how phytohormones respond to As stress. The review closes with a discussion of omic approaches for alleviating As toxicity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameen Zaidi
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Shamsul Hayat
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
| | - John Pichtel
- Environment, Geology, and Natural Resources, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306-0495, USA
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21
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Hatami M, Ghorbanpour M. Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles-induced reactive oxygen species: Phytotoxicity and detoxification mechanisms in plant cell. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108847. [PMID: 38889532 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is advancing rapidly in this century and the industrial use of nanoparticles for new applications in the modernization of different industries such as agriculture, electronic, food, energy, environment, healthcare and medicine is growing exponentially. Despite applications of several nanoparticles in different industries, they show harmful effects on biological systems, especially in plants. Various mechanisms for the toxic effects of nanoparticles have already been proposed; however, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) molecules including radicals [(e.g., superoxide (O2•‒), peroxyl (HOO•), and hydroxyl (HO•) and non-radicals [(e.g., hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and singlet oxygen (1O2) is more important. Excessive production/and accumulation of ROS in cells and subsequent induction of oxidative stress disrupts the normal functioning of physiological processes and cellular redox reactions. Some of the consequences of ROS overproduction include peroxidation of lipids, changes in protein structure, DNA strand breaks, mitochondrial damage, and cell death. Key enzymatic antioxidants with ROS scavenging ability comprised of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione reductase (GR), and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems including alpha-tocopherol, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, ascorbate, and glutathione play vital role in detoxification and maintaining plant health by balancing redox reactions and reducing the level of ROS. This review provides compelling evidence that phytotoxicity of nanoparticles, is mainly caused by overproduction of ROS after exposure. In addition, the present review also summarizes the intrinsic detoxification mechanisms in plants in response to nanoparticles accumulation within plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Hatami
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - Mansour Ghorbanpour
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Arak University, 38156-8-8349, Arak, Iran.
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22
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Zhao K, Gao Z, Nizamani MM, Hu M, Li M, Li X, Wang J. Mechanisms of Litchi Response to Postharvest Energy Deficiency via Energy and Sugar Metabolisms. Foods 2024; 13:2288. [PMID: 39063372 PMCID: PMC11275267 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the post-harvest phase, fruit is inexorably subjected to extrinsic stressors that expedite energy expenditure and truncate the storage lifespan. The present study endeavors to elucidate the response strategies of litchi to the alterations of energy state caused by 2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) treatment through energy metabolism and sugar metabolism. It was observed that the DNP treatment reduced the energy state of the fruit, exacerbated membrane damage and triggered rapid browning in the pericarp after 24 h of storage. Furthermore, the expression of genes germane to energy metabolism (LcAtpB, LcAOX1, LcUCP1, LcAAC1, and, LcSnRK2) reached their peak within the initial 24 h of storage, accompanied by an elevation in the respiratory rate, which effectively suppressed the rise in browning index of litchi pericarp. The study also posits that, to cope with the decrease of energy levels and membrane damage, litchi may augment the concentrations of fructose, glucose, inositol, galactose, and sorbose, thus safeguarding the canonical metabolic functions of the fruit. Collectively, these findings suggest that litchi can modulate energy and sugar metabolism to cope with fruit senescence under conditions of energy deficiency. This study significantly advances the understanding of the physiological responses exhibited by litchi fruit to post-harvest external stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunkun Zhao
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (K.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zhaoyin Gao
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (K.Z.); (Z.G.)
| | - Mir Muhammad Nizamani
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Meijiao Hu
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (M.H.); (M.L.)
| | - Min Li
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (M.H.); (M.L.)
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Hainan Inspection and Detection Center for Modern Agriculture, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Jiabao Wang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (K.Z.); (Z.G.)
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Javaid S, Qureshi IZ, Khurshid A, Afsar T, Husain FM, Khurshid M, Trembley JH, Razak S. Photoactive metabolite mediated photodynamic therapy of Rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines using medicinal plants and Doxorubicin co-treatments. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:270. [PMID: 39010043 PMCID: PMC11251096 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal plant-mediated combinational therapies have gained importance globally due to minimal side effects and enhanced treatment outcomes compared to single-drug modalities. We aimed to analyze the cytotoxic potential of each conventional treatment i.e., photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemotherapy (doxorubicin hydrochloride; Dox-HCl) with or without various concentrations of medicinal plant extracts (PE) on soft tissue cancer Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cell line. METHODS The Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cell line was cultured and treated with Photosensitizer (Photosense (AlPc4)), Chemo (Dox-HCl), and their combinations with different concentrations of each plant extract i.e., Thuja occidentalis, Moringa oleifera, Solanum surattense. For the source of illumination, a Diode laser (λ = 630 nm ± 1 nm, Pmax = 1.5 mW) was used. Photosensitizer uptake time (∼ 45 min) was optimized through spectrophotometric measurements (absorption spectroscopy). Drug response of each treatment arm was assessed post 24 h of administration using 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5- 5-diphenyl-2 H- tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS PE-mediated Chemo-Photodynamic therapy (PDT) exhibited synergistic effects (CI < 1). Moreover, Rhabdomyosarcoma culture pretreated with various plant extracts for 24 h exhibited significant inhibition of cell viability however most effective outcomes were shown by low and high doses of Moringa oleifera compared to other plant extracts. Post low doses treated culture with all plant extracts followed by PDT came up with more effectiveness when compared to all di-therapy treatments. CONCLUSION The general outcome of this work shows that the ethanolic plant extracts (higher doses) promote the death of cancerous cells in a dose-dependent way and combining Dox-HCl and photo-mediated photodynamic therapy can yield better therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumbal Javaid
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Biophotonics and Photonanomedicine Research laboratory (BPRL), Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Zia Qureshi
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmat Khurshid
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Biophotonics and Photonanomedicine Research laboratory (BPRL), Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fohad Mabood Husain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Khurshid
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Janeen H Trembley
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System Research Service, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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LoRicco JG, Bagdan K, Sgambettera G, Malone S, Tomasi T, Lu I, Domozych DS. Chemically induced phenotype plasticity in the unicellular zygnematophyte, Penium margaritaceum. PROTOPLASMA 2024:10.1007/s00709-024-01962-x. [PMID: 38967680 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity allows a plant cell to alter its structure and function in response to external pressure. This adaptive phenomenon has also been important in the evolution of plants including the emergence of land plants from a streptophyte alga. Penium margaritaceum is a unicellular zygnematophyte (i.e., the group of streptophyte algae that is sister to land plants) that was employed in order to study phenotypic plasticity with a focus on the role of subcellular expansion centers and the cell wall in this process. Live cell fluorescence labeling, immunofluorescence labeling, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy showed significant subcellular changes and alterations to the cell wall. When treated with the actin-perturbing agent, cytochalasin E, cytokinesis is arrested and cells are transformed into pseudo-filaments made of up to eight or more cellular units. When treated with the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, roscovitine, cells converted to a unique phenotype with a narrow isthmus zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine G LoRicco
- Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, 518 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA.
| | - Kaylee Bagdan
- Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, 518 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - Gabriel Sgambettera
- Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, 518 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - Stuart Malone
- Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, 518 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - Tawn Tomasi
- Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, 518 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - Iris Lu
- Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, 518 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - David S Domozych
- Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, 518 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
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25
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Badr A, Basuoni MM, Ibrahim M, Salama YE, Abd-Ellatif S, Abdel Razek ES, Amer KE, Ibrahim AA, Zayed EM. Ameliorative impacts of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on seedling growth, physiological biomarkers, and gene expression in eight wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars under salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:605. [PMID: 38926865 PMCID: PMC11201109 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Plants spontaneously accumulate γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a nonprotein amino acid, in response to various stressors. Nevertheless, there is limited knowledge regarding the precise molecular mechanisms that plants employ to cope with salt stress. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of GABA on the salt tolerance of eight distinct varieties of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by examining plant growth rates and physiological and molecular response characteristics. The application of salt stress had a detrimental impact on plant growth markers. Nevertheless, the impact was mitigated by the administration of GABA in comparison to the control treatment. When the cultivars Gemmiza 7, Gemmiza 9, and Gemmiza 12 were exposed to GABA at two distinct salt concentrations, there was a substantial increase in both the leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate. Both the control wheat cultivars and the plants exposed to salt treatment and GABA treatment showed alterations in stress-related biomarkers and antioxidants. This finding demonstrated that GABA plays a pivotal role in mitigating the impact of salt treatments on wheat cultivars. Among the eight examined kinds of wheat, CV. Gemmiza 7 and CV. Gemmiza 11 exhibited the most significant alterations in the expression of their TaSOS1 genes. CV. Misr 2, CV. Sakha 94, and CV. Sakha 95 exhibited the highest degree of variability in the expression of the NHX1, DHN3, and GR genes, respectively. The application of GABA to wheat plants enhances their ability to cope with salt stress by reducing the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other stress indicators, regulating stomatal aperture, enhancing photosynthesis, activating antioxidant enzymes, and upregulating genes involved in salt stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelfattah Badr
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Basuoni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yossry E Salama
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Beheira Governorate, Damanhour, 22516, Egypt
| | - Sawsan Abd-Ellatif
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of the Scientific Research and Technological Application (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Elsayed S Abdel Razek
- Livestock Research Department, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
| | - Khaled E Amer
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Beheira Governorate, Damanhour, 22516, Egypt
| | - Amira A Ibrahim
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Arish University, Al-Arish, 45511, Egypt.
| | - Ehab M Zayed
- Cell Study Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619, Egypt
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Chakraborty N, Das A, Pal S, Roy S, Sil SK, Adak MK, Hassanzamman M. Exploring Aluminum Tolerance Mechanisms in Plants with Reference to Rice and Arabidopsis: A Comprehensive Review of Genetic, Metabolic, and Physiological Adaptations in Acidic Soils. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1760. [PMID: 38999600 PMCID: PMC11243567 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) makes up a third of the Earth's crust and is a widespread toxic contaminant, particularly in acidic soils. It impacts crops at multiple levels, from cellular to whole plant systems. This review delves into Al's reactivity, including its cellular transport, involvement in oxidative redox reactions, and development of specific metabolites, as well as the influence of genes on the production of membrane channels and transporters, alongside its role in triggering senescence. It discusses the involvement of channel proteins in calcium influx, vacuolar proton pumping, the suppression of mitochondrial respiration, and the initiation of programmed cell death. At the cellular nucleus level, the effects of Al on gene regulation through alterations in nucleic acid modifications, such as methylation and histone acetylation, are examined. In addition, this review outlines the pathways of Al-induced metabolic disruption, specifically citric acid metabolism, the regulation of proton excretion, the induction of specific transcription factors, the modulation of Al-responsive proteins, changes in citrate and nucleotide glucose transporters, and overall metal detoxification pathways in tolerant genotypes. It also considers the expression of phenolic oxidases in response to oxidative stress, their regulatory feedback on mitochondrial cytochrome proteins, and their consequences on root development. Ultimately, this review focuses on the selective metabolic pathways that facilitate Al exclusion and tolerance, emphasizing compartmentalization, antioxidative defense mechanisms, and the control of programmed cell death to manage metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilakshi Chakraborty
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Abir Das
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayan Pal
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumita Roy
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudipta Kumar Sil
- Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Malay Kumar Adak
- Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Mirza Hassanzamman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shar-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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27
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Tsivileva O, Shaternikov A, Evseeva N. Basidiomycetes Polysaccharides Regulate Growth and Antioxidant Defense System in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6877. [PMID: 38999986 PMCID: PMC11241571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Higher-fungi xylotrophic basidiomycetes are known to be the reservoirs of bioactive metabolites. Currently, a great deal of attention has been paid to the exploitation of mycelial fungi products as an innovative alternative in crop protection. No data exist on the mechanisms behind the interaction between xylotrophic mushrooms' glycopolymeric substances and plants. In this study, the effects of basidiomycete metabolites on the morphophysiological and biochemical variables of wheat plants have been explored. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Saratovskaya 29) seedlings were treated with extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs) isolated from the submerged cultures of twenty basidiomycete strains assigned to 13 species and 8 genera. The EPS solutions at final concentrations of 15, 40, and 80 mg/L were applied to wheat seedlings followed by their growth for 10 days. In the plant samples, the biomass, length of coleoptile, shoot and root, root number, rate of lipid peroxidation by malondialdehyde concentration, content of hydrogen peroxide, and total phenols were measured. The peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity were defined. Most of the EPS preparations improved biomass yields, as well as the morphological parameters examined. EPS application enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased oxidative damage to lipids. Judging by its overall effect on the growth indices and redox system of wheat plants, an EPS concentration of 40 mg/L has been shown to be the most beneficial compared to other concentrations. This study proves that novel bioformulations based on mushroom EPSs can be developed and are effective for wheat growth and antioxidative response. Phytostimulating properties found for EPSs give grounds to consider extracellular metabolites produced in the xylotrophic basidiomycete cultures as an active component capable of inducing plant responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Tsivileva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, 410049 Saratov, Russia
| | - Andrei Shaternikov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, 410049 Saratov, Russia
| | - Nina Evseeva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, 410049 Saratov, Russia
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28
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Elsisi M, Elshiekh M, Sabry N, Aziz M, Attia K, Islam F, Chen J, Abdelrahman M. The genetic orchestra of salicylic acid in plant resilience to climate change induced abiotic stress: critical review. STRESS BIOLOGY 2024; 4:31. [PMID: 38880851 PMCID: PMC11180647 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-024-00160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Climate change, driven by human activities and natural processes, has led to critical alterations in varying patterns during cropping seasons and is a vital threat to global food security. The climate change impose several abiotic stresses on crop production systems. These abiotic stresses include extreme temperatures, drought, and salinity, which expose agricultural fields to more vulnerable conditions and lead to substantial crop yield and quality losses. Plant hormones, especially salicylic acid (SA), has crucial roles for plant resiliency under unfavorable environments. This review explores the genetics and molecular mechanisms underlying SA's role in mitigating abiotic stress-induced damage in plants. It also explores the SA biosynthesis pathways, and highlights the regulation of their products under several abiotic stresses. Various roles and possible modes of action of SA in mitigating abiotic stresses are discussed, along with unraveling the genetic mechanisms and genes involved in responses under stress conditions. Additionally, this review investigates molecular pathways and mechanisms through which SA exerts its protective effects, such as redox signaling, cross-talks with other plant hormones, and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Moreover, the review discusses potentials of using genetic engineering approaches, such as CRISPR technology, for deciphering the roles of SA in enhancing plant resilience to climate change related abiotic stresses. This comprehensive analysis bridges the gap between genetics of SA role in response to climate change related stressors. Overall goal is to highlight SA's significance in safeguarding plants and by offering insights of SA hormone for sustainable agriculture under challenging environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elsisi
- School of Biotechnology, Nile University, Giza, 12588, Egypt
| | - Moaz Elshiekh
- School of Biotechnology, Nile University, Giza, 12588, Egypt
| | - Nourine Sabry
- School of Biotechnology, Nile University, Giza, 12588, Egypt
| | - Mark Aziz
- School of Biotechnology, Nile University, Giza, 12588, Egypt
| | - Kotb Attia
- College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Islam
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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Mansoor S, Tripathi P, Ghimire A, Hamid S, Abd El-Moniem D, Chung YS, Kim Y. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the nodulation-competent zone and inference of transcription regulatory network in silicon applied Glycine max [L.]-Merr. Roots. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:169. [PMID: 38864921 PMCID: PMC11169057 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The study unveils Si's regulatory influence by regulating DEGs, TFs, and TRs. Further bHLH subfamily and auxin transporter pathway elucidates the mechanisms enhancing root development and nodulation. Soybean is a globally important crop serving as a primary source of vegetable protein for millions of individuals. The roots of these plants harbour essential nitrogen fixing structures called nodules. This study investigates the multifaceted impact of silicon (Si) application on soybean, with a focus on root development, and nodulation employing comprehensive transcriptomic analyses and gene regulatory network. RNA sequence analysis was utilised to examine the change in gene expression and identify the noteworthy differentially expressed genes (DEGs) linked to the enhancement of soybean root nodulation and root development. A set of 316 genes involved in diverse biological and molecular pathways are identified, with emphasis on transcription factors (TFs) and transcriptional regulators (TRs). The study uncovers TF and TR genes, categorized into 68 distinct families, highlighting the intricate regulatory landscape influenced by Si in soybeans. Upregulated most important bHLH subfamily and the involvement of the auxin transporter pathway underscore the molecular mechanisms contributing to enhanced root development and nodulation. The study bridges insights from other research, reinforcing Si's impact on stress-response pathways and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis crucial for nodulation. The study reveals significant alterations in gene expression patterns associated with cellular component functions, root development, and nodulation in response to Si.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Mansoor
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Pooja Tripathi
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amit Ghimire
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Saira Hamid
- Watson Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamia University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Pulwama, J&K, India
| | - Diaa Abd El-Moniem
- Department of Plant Production (Genetic Branch), Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, 45511, Egypt
| | - Yong Suk Chung
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoonha Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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30
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He J, Zhou Y, Geilfus CM, Cao J, Fu D, Baram S, Liu Y, Li Y. Enhancing tomato fruit antioxidant potential through hydrogen nanobubble irrigation. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae111. [PMID: 38898962 PMCID: PMC11186064 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Eating fruits and vegetables loaded with natural antioxidants can boost human health considerably and help fight off diseases linked to oxidative stress. Hydrogen has unique antioxidant effects. However, its low-solubility and fast-diffusion has limited its applications in agriculture. Integration of hydrogen with nanobubble technology could address such problems. However, the physiological adaptation and response mechanism of crops to hydrogen nanobubbles is still poorly understood. Antioxidant concentrations of lycopene, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, and resveratrol in hydrogen nanobubble water drip-irrigated tomato fruits increased by 16.3-264.8% and 2.2-19.8%, respectively, compared to underground water and oxygen nanobubble water. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were combined to investigate the regulatory mechanisms that differed from the controls. Comprehensive multi-omics analysis revealed differences in the abundances of genes responsible for hormonal control, hydrogenase genes, and necessary synthetic metabolites of antioxidants, which helped to clarify the observed improvements in antioxidants. This is the first case of hydrogen nanobubble water irrigation increasing numerous natural antioxidant parts in fruits. Considering the characteristics of hydrogen and the application of the nanobubble technology in agriculture, the findings of the present study could facilitate the understanding of the potential effects of hydrogen on biological processes and the mechanisms of action on plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- Department of Soil Science & Plant Nutrition, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Hessen 65366, Germany
| | - Jiankang Cao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Daqi Fu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shahar Baram
- Institute for Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
| | - Yanzheng Liu
- Department of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 102208, China
| | - Yunkai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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31
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Adil MF, Sehar S, Ma Z, Tahira K, Askri SMH, El-Sheikh MA, Ahmad A, Zhou F, Zhao P, Shamsi IH. Insights into the alleviation of cadmium toxicity in rice by nano-zinc and Serendipita indica: Modulation of stress-responsive gene expression and antioxidant defense system activation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:123952. [PMID: 38641035 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The adversities of cadmium (Cd) contamination are quite distinguished among other heavy metals (HMs), and so is the efficacy of zinc (Zn) nutrition in mitigating Cd toxicity. Rice (Oryza sativa) crop, known for its ability to absorb HMs, inadvertently facilitates the bioaccumulation of Cd, posing a significant risk to both the plant itself and to humans consuming its edible parts, and damaging the environment as well. The use of nanoparticles, such as nano-zinc oxide (nZnO), to improve the nutritional quality of crops and combat the harmful effects of HMs, have gained substantial attention among scientists and farmers. While previous studies have explored the individual effects of nZnO or Serendipita indica (referred to as S.i) on Cd toxicity, the synergistic action of these two agents has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, the gift of nature, i.e., S. indica, was incorporated alongside nZnO (50 mg L-1) against Cd stress (15 μM L-1) and their alliance manifested as phenotypic level modifications in two rice genotypes (Heizhan43; Hz43 and Yinni801; Yi801). Antioxidant activities were enhanced, specifically peroxidase (61.5 and 122.5% in Yi801 and Hz43 roots, respectively), leading to a significant decrease in oxidative burst; moreover, Cd translocation was reduced (85% for Yi801 and 65.5% for Hz43 compared to Cd alone treatment). Microstructural study showed a decrease in number of vacuoles and starch granules with ameliorative treatments. Overall, plants treated with nZnO displayed gene expression pattern (particularly of ZIP genes), different from the ones with alone or combined S.i and Cd. Inferentially, the integration of nZnO and S.i holds great promise as an effective strategy for alleviating Cd toxicity in rice plants. By immobilizing Cd ions in the soil and promoting their detoxification, this novel approach contributes to environmental restoration and ensures food safety worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faheem Adil
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shafaque Sehar
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhengxin Ma
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Khajista Tahira
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Muhammad Hassan Askri
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mohamed A El-Sheikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqeel Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fanrui Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China; Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Imran Haider Shamsi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Kaya C, Uğurlar F, Seth CS. Sodium nitroprusside modulates oxidative and nitrosative processes in Lycopersicum esculentum L. under drought stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:152. [PMID: 38806834 PMCID: PMC11133051 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Sodium nitroprusside mediates drought stress responses in tomatoes by modulating nitrosative and oxidative pathways, highlighting the interplay between nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, and antioxidant systems for enhanced drought tolerance. While nitric oxide (NO), a signalling molecule, enhances plant tolerance to abiotic stresses, its precise contribution to improving tomato tolerance to drought stress (DS) through modulating oxide-nitrosative processes is not yet fully understood. We aimed to examine the interaction of NO and nitrosative signaling, revealing how sodium nitroprusside (SNP) could mitigate the effects of DS on tomatoes. DS-seedlings endured 12% polyethylene glycol (PEG) in a 10% nutrient solution (NS) for 2 days, then transitioned to half-strength NS for 10 days alongside control plants. DS reduced total plant dry weight, chlorophyll a and b, Fv/Fm, leaf water potential (ΨI), and relative water content, but improved hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proline, and NO content. The SNP reduced the DS-induced H2O2 generation by reducing thiol (-SH) and the carbonyl (-CO) groups. SNP increased not only NO but also the activity of L-cysteine desulfhydrase (L-DES), leading to the generation of H2S. Decreases in S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) and NADPH oxidase (NOX) suggest a potential regulatory mechanism in which S-nitrosylation [formation of S-nitrosothiol (SNO)] may influence protein function and signaling pathways during DS. Moreover, SNP improved ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) and reduced oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels in tomato plants under drought. Furthermore, the interaction of NO and H2S, mediated by L-DES activity, may serve as a vital cross-talk mechanism impacting plant responses to DS. Understanding these signaling interactions is crucial for developing innovative drought-tolerance strategies in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, 63200, Turkey.
| | - Ferhat Uğurlar
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, 63200, Turkey
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Wang C, Lei J, Jin X, Chai S, Jiao C, Yang X, Wang L. A Sweet Potato MYB Transcription Factor IbMYB330 Enhances Tolerance to Drought and Salt Stress in Transgenic Tobacco. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:693. [PMID: 38927629 PMCID: PMC11202548 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
MYB transcription factors (TFs) play vital roles in plant growth, development, and response to adversity. Although the MYB gene family has been studied in many plant species, there is still little known about the function of R2R3 MYB TFs in sweet potato in response to abiotic stresses. In this study, an R2R3 MYB gene, IbMYB330 was isolated from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). IbMYB330 was ectopically expressed in tobacco and the functional characterization was performed by overexpression in transgenic plants. The IbMYB330 protein has a 268 amino acid sequence and contains two highly conserved MYB domains. The molecular weight and isoelectric point of IbMYB330 are 29.24 kD and 9.12, respectively. The expression of IbMYB330 in sweet potato is tissue-specific, and levels in the root were significantly higher than that in the leaf and stem. It showed that the expression of IbMYB330 was strongly induced by PEG-6000, NaCl, and H2O2. Ectopic expression of IbMYB330 led to increased transcript levels of stress-related genes such as SOD, POD, APX, and P5CS. Moreover, compared to the wild-type (WT), transgenic tobacco overexpression of IbMYB330 enhanced the tolerance to drought and salt stress treatment as CAT activity, POD activity, proline content, and protein content in transgenic tobacco had increased, while MDA content had decreased. Taken together, our study demonstrated that IbMYB330 plays a role in enhancing the resistance of sweet potato to stresses. These findings lay the groundwork for future research on the R2R3-MYB genes of sweet potato and indicates that IbMYB330 may be a candidate gene for improving abiotic stress tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wang
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China; (C.W.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (C.J.)
- Crop Institute of Jiangxi Academy Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Jian Lei
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China; (C.W.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Xiaojie Jin
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China; (C.W.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Shasha Chai
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China; (C.W.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Chunhai Jiao
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China; (C.W.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Xinsun Yang
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China; (C.W.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (C.J.)
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Lianjun Wang
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China; (C.W.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (S.C.); (C.J.)
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Rehman A, Rahman SU, Li P, Shah IH, Manzoor MA, Azam M, Cao J, Malik MS, Jeridi M, Ahmad N, Alabbosh KF, Liu Q, Khalid M, Niu Q. Modulating plant-soil microcosm with green synthesized ZnONPs in arsenic contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134130. [PMID: 38555668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Biogenic nanoparticle (NP), derived from plant sources, is gaining prominence as a viable, cost-effective, sustainable, and biocompatible alternative for mitigating the extensive environmental impact of arsenic on the interplay between plant-soil system. Herein, the impact of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) was assessed on Catharanthus roseus root system-associated enzymes and their possible impact on microbiome niches (rhizocompartments) and overall plant performance under arsenic (As) gradients. The application of ZnONPs at different concentrations successfully modified the arsenic uptake in various plant parts, with the root arsenic levels increasing 1.5 and 1.4-fold after 25 and 50 days, respectively, at medium concentration compared to the control. Moreover, ZnONPs gradients regulated the various soil enzyme activities. Notably, urease and catalase activities showed an increase when exposed to low concentrations of ZnONPs, whereas saccharase and acid phosphatase displayed the opposite pattern, showing increased activities under medium concentration which possibly in turn influence the plant root system associated microflora. The use of nonmetric multidimensional scaling ordination revealed a significant differentiation (with a significance level of p < 0.05) in the structure of both bacterial and fungal communities under different treatment conditions across root associated niches. Bacterial and fungal phyla level analysis showed that Proteobacteria and Basidiomycota displayed a significant increase in relative abundance under medium ZnONPs concentration, as opposed to low and high concentrations, respectively. Similarly, in depth genera level analysis revealed that Burkholderia, Halomonas, Thelephora and Sebacina exhibited a notably high relative abundance in both the rhizosphere and rhizoplane (the former refers to the soil region influenced by root exudates, while the latter is the root surface itself) under medium concentrations of ZnONPs, respectively. These adjustments to the plant root-associated microcosm likely play a role in protecting the plant from oxidative stress by regulating the plant's antioxidant system and overall biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Rehman
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Saeed Ur Rahman
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pengli Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Iftikhar Hussain Shah
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Aamir Manzoor
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Azam
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Junfeng Cao
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | | | - Mouna Jeridi
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | | | - Qunlu Liu
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Qingliang Niu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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35
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Losada-Barreiro S, Paiva-Martins F, Bravo-Díaz C. Analysis of the Efficiency of Antioxidants in Inhibiting Lipid Oxidation in Terms of Characteristic Kinetic Parameters. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:593. [PMID: 38790698 PMCID: PMC11118216 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, we aim to find physical evidence demonstrating the crucial role that the effective concentration of antioxidants (AOs) present at the interfacial region of emulsions has in controlling the inhibition of the lipid oxidation reaction. We prepared a series of antioxidants of different hydrophobicities derived from chlorogenic and protocatechuic acids. We first monitored, in intact emulsions, the (sigmoidal) production of conjugated dienes and determined the corresponding induction times, tind. Independently, we determined the effective concentrations of the antioxidants in the same intact emulsions. Results show that both the length of the induction periods and the antioxidant interfacial concentrations parallel each other, with a maximum at the octyl-dodecyl derivatives. The ratio between the interfacial antioxidant concentrations and the induction periods remains constant for all AOs in the same series, so that the rates of initiation of lipid oxidation are the same regardless of the hydrophobicity of the antioxidant employed. The constancy in the rate of initiation provides strong experimental evidence for a direct relationship between interfacial concentrations and antioxidant efficiencies. Results suggest new possibilities to investigate lipid peroxidation under non-forced conditions and are of interest to formulators interested in preparing emulsions with antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Losada-Barreiro
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Fátima Paiva-Martins
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Carlos Bravo-Díaz
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
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36
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Ikram S, Li Y, Lin C, Yi D, Heng W, Li Q, Tao L, Hongjun Y, Weijie J. Selenium in plants: A nexus of growth, antioxidants, and phytohormones. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 296:154237. [PMID: 38583194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for both human and animals. Plants serve as the primary source of Se in the food chain. Se concentration and availability in plants is influenced by soil properties and environmental conditions. Optimal Se levels promote plant growth and enhance stress tolerance, while excessive Se concentration can result in toxicity. Se enhances plants ROS scavenging ability by promoting antioxidant compound synthesis. The ability of Se to maintain redox balance depends upon ROS compounds, stress conditions and Se application rate. Furthermore, Se-dependent antioxidant compound synthesis is critically reliant on plant macro and micro nutritional status. As these nutrients are fundamental for different co-factors and amino acid synthesis. Additionally, phytohormones also interact with Se to promote plant growth. Hence, utilization of phytohormones and modified crop nutrition can improve Se-dependent crop growth and plant stress tolerance. This review aims to explore the assimilation of Se into plant proteins, its intricate effect on plant redox status, and the specific interactions between Se and phytohormones. Furthermore, we highlight the proposed physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying Se-mediated phytohormone-dependent plant growth modulation and identified research opportunities that could contribute to sustainable agricultural production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufian Ikram
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Chai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Debao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Heng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Hongjun
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Weijie
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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37
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Yu P, Song X, Zhang W, Yao Y, Ren J, Wang L, Liu W, Meng Z, Meng X. Analysis of ginseng rusty root symptoms transcriptome and its pathogenesis directed by reactive oxygen species theory. PLANT DIRECT 2024; 8:e586. [PMID: 38766510 PMCID: PMC11099884 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Ginseng rusty root symptoms (GRS) is a primary disease of ginseng, which seriously decreases the yield and quality of ginseng and causes enormous losses to ginseng production. GRS prevention and control is still challenging due to its unclear etiology. In this study, the phloem tissue of healthy Panax ginseng (AG), the nonred tissue of the phloem epidermis around the lesion (BG), and the red lesion site tissue of GRS (CG) were extracted for mRNA transcriptomic analysis; 35,958 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and were associated with multiple stress resistance pathways, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and iron ion binding. Further study showed that the contents of O2 •-, H2O2, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased in BG and CG tissues. Under anaerobic conditions caused by excessive soil moisture, the overproduction of ROS destroys cell membranes, simultaneously converting Fe2+ to Fe3+ and depositing it in the cell wall, which results in GRS, as evidenced by the success of the GRS induction test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Yu
- Country College of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Xiaowen Song
- Country College of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Country College of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Yao Yao
- Country College of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Junling Ren
- Country College of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Liyang Wang
- Country College of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Wenfei Liu
- Country College of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Zhaoping Meng
- Country College of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
| | - Xiangcai Meng
- Country College of PharmacyHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
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38
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Li D, Chen J, Zhou F, Zhang W, Chen H. Aldo-keto reductase-7A2 protects against atorvastatin-induced hepatotoxicity via Nrf2 activation. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 393:110956. [PMID: 38484826 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Atorvastatin (ATO), as a cholesterol-lowering drug, was the world's best-selling drug in the early 2000s. However, ATO overdose-induced liver or muscle injury is a threat to many patients, which restricts its application. Previous studies suggest that ATO overdose is accompanied with ROS accumulation and increased lipid peroxidation, which are the leading causes of ATO-induced liver damage. This study is, therefore, carried out to investigate the roles of anti-oxidant pathways and enzymes in protection against ATO-induced hepatotoxicity. Here we show that in ATO-challenged HepG2 cells, the expression levels of transcription factor NFE2L2/Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2) are significantly upregulated. When Nrf2 is pharmacologically inhibited or genetically inactivated, ATO-induced cytotoxicity is significantly aggravated. Aldo-keto reductase-7A (AKR7A) enzymes, transcriptionally regulated by Nrf2, are important for bioactivation and biodetoxification. Here, we reveal that in response to ATO exposure, mRNA levels of human AKR7A2 are significantly upregulated in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, knockdown of AKR7A2 exacerbates ATO-induced hepatotoxicity, suggesting that AKR7A2 is essential for cellular adaptive response to ATO-induced cell damage. In addition, overexpression of AKR7A2 in HepG2 cells can significantly mitigate ATO-induced cytotoxicity and this process is Nrf2-dependent. Taken together, these findings indicate that Nrf2-mediated AKR7A2 is responsive to high concentrations of ATO and contributes to protection against ATO-induced hepatotoxicity, making it a good candidate for mitigating ATO-induced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Jiajin Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Wenhe Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
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Inayat H, Mehmood H, Danish S, Alharbi SA, Ansari MJ, Datta R. Impact of cobalt and proline foliar application for alleviation of salinity stress in radish. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:287. [PMID: 38627664 PMCID: PMC11020780 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Salinity stress ranks among the most prevalent stress globally, contributing to soil deterioration. Its negative impacts on crop productivity stem from mechanisms such as osmotic stress, ion toxicity, and oxidative stress, all of which impede plant growth and yield. The effect of cobalt with proline on mitigating salinity impact in radish plants is still unclear. That's why the current study was conducted with aim to explore the impact of different levels of Co and proline on radish cultivated in salt affected soils. There were four levels of cobalt, i.e., (0, 10, 15 and 20 mg/L) applied as CoSO4 and two levels of proline (0 and 0.25 mM), which were applied as foliar. The treatments were applied in a complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Results showed that 20 CoSO4 with proline showed improvement in shoot length (∼ 20%), root length (∼ 23%), plant dry weight (∼ 19%), and plant fresh weight (∼ 41%) compared to control. The significant increase in chlorophyll, physiological and biochemical attributes of radish plants compared to the control confirms the efficacy of 20 CoSO4 in conjunction with 10 mg/L proline for mitigating salinity stress. In conclusion, application of cobalt with proline can help to alleviate salinity stress in radish plants. However, multiple location experiments with various levels of cobalt and proline still needs in-depth investigations to validate the current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Inayat
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Mehmood
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Subhan Danish
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), Moradabad, India
| | - Rahul Datta
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, 61300, Czech Republic
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40
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Neyshabouri FA, Ghotbi-Ravandi AA, Shariatmadari Z, Tohidfar M. Cadmium toxicity promotes hormonal imbalance and induces the expression of genes involved in systemic resistances in barley. Biometals 2024:10.1007/s10534-024-00597-y. [PMID: 38615113 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-024-00597-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widely distributed pollutant that adversely affects plants' metabolism and productivity. Phytohormones play a vital role in the acclimation of plants to metal stress. On the other hand, phytohormones trigger systemic resistances, including systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and induced systemic resistance (ISR), in plants in response to biotic interactions. The present study aimed to investigate the possible induction of SAR and ISR pathways in relation to the hormonal alteration of barley seedlings in response to Cd stress. Barley seedlings were exposed to 1.5 mg g-1 Cd in the soil for three days. The nutrient content, oxidative status, phytohormones profile, and expression of genes involved in SAR and ISR pathways of barley seedlings were examined. Cd accumulation resulted in a reduction in the nutrient content of barley seedlings. The specific activity of superoxide dismutase and the hydrogen peroxide content significantly increased in response to Cd toxicity. Abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene content increased under Cd exposure. Cd treatment resulted in the upregulation of NPR1, PR3, and PR13 genes in SAR pathways. The transcripts of PAL1 and LOX2.2 genes in the ISR pathway were also significantly increased in response to Cd treatment. These findings suggest that hormonal-activated systemic resistances are involved in the response of barley to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Alzahra Neyshabouri
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Ghotbi-Ravandi
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Shariatmadari
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Tohidfar
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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41
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Jin H, Zhao H, Shi R, Fan F, Cheng W. Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of a Manila Clam-Derived Antioxidant Peptide: Insights into Mechanisms of Action and Cytoprotective Effects against Oxidative Stress. Foods 2024; 13:1160. [PMID: 38672836 PMCID: PMC11049014 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in various pathological conditions due to their ability to induce oxidative damage to cellular components. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant properties of a peptide isolated from the hydrolysate of Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) muscle. Purification steps yielded RPTE2-2-4, exhibiting potent scavenging activities against DPPH•, HO•, and O2•-, akin to Vitamin C. Structural analysis showed that the isolated peptide, LFKKNLLTL, exhibited characteristics associated with antioxidant activity, including a short peptide length and the presence of aromatic and hydrophobic amino acid residues. Moreover, our study demonstrated the cytoprotective effects of the peptide against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Pretreatment with the peptide resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in intracellular ROS levels and elevation of glutathione (GSH) levels, indicating its ability to modulate cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative damage. Furthermore, the peptide stimulated the expression of the cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), further reinforcing its antioxidant properties. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of the Manila clam-derived peptide as a natural antioxidant agent with therapeutic implications for oxidative stress-related diseases. Further investigation into its mechanisms of action and in vivo efficacy is warranted to validate its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (H.J.); (H.Z.)
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huishuang Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (H.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Rui Shi
- ChiBi Public Inspection and Testing Center, Xianning 437300, China;
| | - Fengjiao Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenjian Cheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (H.J.); (H.Z.)
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Chaouachi L, Marín-Sanz M, Barro F, Karmous C. Genetic diversity of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) to mitigate abiotic stress: Drought, heat, and their combination. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301018. [PMID: 38574054 PMCID: PMC10994418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought and heat are the main abiotic constraints affecting durum wheat production. This study aimed to screen for tolerance to drought, heat, and combined stresses in durum wheat, at the juvenile stage under controlled conditions. Five durum wheat genotypes, including four landraces and one improved genotype, were used to test their tolerance to abiotic stress. After 15 days of growing, treatments were applied as three drought levels (100, 50, and 25% field capacity (FC)), three heat stress levels (24, 30, and 35°C), and three combined treatments (100% FC at 24°C, 50% FC at 30°C and 25% FC at 35°C). The screening was performed using a set of morpho-physiological, and biochemical traits. The results showed that the tested stresses significantly affect all measured parameters. The dry matter content (DM) decreased by 37.1% under heat stress (35°C), by 37.3% under severe drought stress (25% FC), and by 53.2% under severe combined stress (25% FC at 35°C). Correlation analyses of drought and heat stress confirmed that aerial part length, dry matter content, hydrogen peroxide content, catalase, and Glutathione peroxidase activities could be efficient screening criteria for both stresses. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that only the landrace Aouija tolerated the three studied stresses, while Biskri and Hedhba genotypes were tolerant to drought and heat stresses and showed the same sensitivity under combined stress. Nevertheless, improved genotype Karim and the landrace Hmira were the most affected genotypes by drought, against a minimum growth for the Hmira genotype under heat stress. The results showed that combined drought and heat stresses had a more pronounced impact than simple effects. In addition, the tolerance of durum wheat to drought and heat stresses involves several adjustments of morpho-physiological and biochemical responses, which are proportional to the stress intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Chaouachi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Cereal Breeding (LR14 AGR01), National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, Carthage University, Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Miriam Marín-Sanz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture-Spanish National Research Council (IAS-CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Barro
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture-Spanish National Research Council (IAS-CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Chahine Karmous
- Laboratory of Genetics and Cereal Breeding (LR14 AGR01), National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, Carthage University, Carthage, Tunisia
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43
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Imran A, Ghosh A. Evolutionary expansion, functional diversification, and transcript profiling of plant Glutathione Peroxidases. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 341:111991. [PMID: 38266716 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) play a crucial role in combating activated oxygen species and have been widely studied for their involvement in stress responses. In addition to their stress-related functions, GPXs exhibit diverse roles such as immunological response, and involvement in growth and development. These enzymes are found in both animals and plants, with multiple families identified in the evolutionarily diverse species. These families consist of conserved genes as well as unique members, highlighting the evolutionary diversification of GPX members. While animals have eight GPX families, plants possess five families. Notably, plant genomes undergo duplication and expansion events, leading to an increase in the number of GPX genes and the overall size of the GPX superfamily. This expansion suggests a wide range of functional roles for GPX. In this study, the evolutionary diversification, family expansion, and diverse functional roles of GPX enzymes have been investigated. Additionally, the expression profile of Arabidopsis and Oryza sativa GPX genes were analyzed in different developmental stages, tissues, and abiotic stress conditions. Further extensive research has been required to unravel the intricate interplay between GPX and other proteins, to gain the comprehensive mechanism governing the physiological and developmental roles of GPX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Imran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Ajit Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh.
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Nabi Z, Manzoor S, Nabi SU, Wani TA, Gulzar H, Farooq M, Arya VM, Baloch FS, Vlădulescu C, Popescu SM, Mansoor S. Pattern-Triggered Immunity and Effector-Triggered Immunity: crosstalk and cooperation of PRR and NLR-mediated plant defense pathways during host-pathogen interactions. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:587-604. [PMID: 38737322 PMCID: PMC11087456 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The elucidation of the molecular basis underlying plant-pathogen interactions is imperative for the development of sustainable resistance strategies against pathogens. Plants employ a dual-layered immunological detection and response system wherein cell surface-localized Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) and intracellular Nucleotide-Binding Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptors (NLRs) play pivotal roles in initiating downstream signalling cascades in response to pathogen-derived chemicals. Pattern-Triggered Immunity (PTI) is associated with PRRs and is activated by the recognition of conserved molecular structures, known as Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns. When PTI proves ineffective due to pathogenic effectors, Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI) frequently confers resistance. In ETI, host plants utilize NLRs to detect pathogen effectors directly or indirectly, prompting a rapid and more robust defense response. Additionally epigenetic mechanisms are participating in plant immune memory. Recently developed technologies like CRISPR/Cas9 helps in exposing novel prospects in plant pathogen interactions. In this review we explore the fascinating crosstalk and cooperation between PRRs and NLRs. We discuss epigenomic processes and CRISPR/Cas9 regulating immune response in plants and recent findings that shed light on the coordination of these defense layers. Furthermore, we also have discussed the intricate interactions between the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signalling pathways in plants, offering insights into potential synergistic interactions that would be harnessed for the development of novel and sustainable resistance strategies against diverse group of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarka Nabi
- Division of Plant Pathology, FOA-SKUAST-K, Wadura, 193201 India
| | - Subaya Manzoor
- Division of Plant Pathology, FOA-SKUAST-K, Wadura, 193201 India
| | - Sajad Un Nabi
- ICAR-Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Srinagar, 191132 India
| | | | - Humira Gulzar
- Division of Plant Pathology, FOA-SKUAST-K, Wadura, 193201 India
| | - Mehreena Farooq
- Division of Plant Pathology, FOH-SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025 India
| | - Vivak M. Arya
- Division of Soil Science and Agriculture Chemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Jammu, India
| | - Faheem Shehzad Baloch
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mersin University, 33100 Yenişehir, Mersin Turkey
| | - Carmen Vlădulescu
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, University of Craiova, A. I. Cuza 13, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Simona Mariana Popescu
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, University of Craiova, A. I. Cuza 13, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Sheikh Mansoor
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243 Republic of Korea
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243 Republic of Korea
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45
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Gill S, Ramzan M, Naz G, Ali L, Danish S, Ansari MJ, Salmen SH. Effect of silicon nanoparticle-based biochar on wheat growth, antioxidants and nutrients concentration under salinity stress. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6380. [PMID: 38493184 PMCID: PMC10944501 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55924-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, salinity is an important abiotic stress in agriculture. It induced oxidative stress and nutritional imbalance in plants, resulting in poor crop productivity. Applying silicon (Si) can improve the uptake of macronutrients. On the other hand, using biochar as a soil amendment can also decrease salinity stress due to its high porosity, cation exchange capacity, and water-holding capacity. That's why the current experiment was conducted with novelty to explore the impact of silicon nanoparticle-based biochar (Si-BC) on wheat cultivated on salt-affected soil. There were 3 levels of Si-BC, i.e., control (0), 1% Si-BC1, and 2.5% Si-BC2 applied in 3 replicates under 0 and 200 mM NaCl following a completely randomized design. Results showed that treatment 2.5% Si-BC2 performed significantly better for the enhancement in shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight, shoot and root dry weight, number of leaves, number of tillers, number of spikelets, spike length, spike fresh and dry weight compared to control under no stress and salinity stress (200 mM NaCl). A significant enhancement in chlorophyll a (~ 18%), chlorophyll b (~ 22%), total chlorophyll (~ 20%), carotenoid (~ 60%), relative water contents (~ 58%) also signified the effectiveness of treatment 2.5% Si-BC2 than control under 200 mM NaCl. In conclusion, treatment 2.5% Si-BC2 can potentially mitigate the salinity stress in wheat by regulating antioxidants and improving N, K concentration, and gas exchange attributes while decreasing Na and Cl concentration and electrolyte leakage. More investigations at the field level are recommended for the declaration of treatment 2.5% Si-BC2 as the best amendment for alleviating salinity stress in different crops under variable climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Gill
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Musarrat Ramzan
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | - Gul Naz
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Liaqat Ali
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Subhan Danish
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (MJP Rohilkhand University Bareilly), Moradabad, India, 244001
| | - Saleh H Salmen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Du X, Zhan X, Gu X, Liu X, Mao B. Evaluation of Virus-Free Chrysanthemum 'Hangju' Productivity and Response to Virus Reinfection in the Field: Molecular Insights into Virus-Host Interactions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:732. [PMID: 38475578 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The shoot apical meristem culture has been used widely to produce virus-free plantlets which have the advantages of strong disease resistance, high yield, and prosperous growth potential. However, this virus-free plant will be naturally reinfected in the field. The physiological and metabolic responses in the reinfected plant are still unknown. The flower of chrysanthemum 'Hangju' is a traditional medicine which is unique to China. In this study, we found that the virus-free 'Hangju' (VFH) was reinfected with chrysanthemum virus B/R in the field. However, the reinfected VFH (RVFH) exhibited an increased yield and medicinal components compared with virus-infected 'Hangju' (VIH). Comparative analysis of transcriptomes was performed to explore the molecular response mechanisms of the RVFH to CVB infection. A total of 6223 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the RVFH vs. the VIH. KEGG enrichment and physiological analyses indicated that treatment with the virus-free technology significantly mitigated the plants' lipid and galactose metabolic stress responses in the RVFH. Furthermore, GO enrichment showed that plant viral diseases affected salicylic acid (SA)-related processes in the RVFH. Specifically, we found that phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) genes played a major role in defense-related SA biosynthesis in 'Hangju'. These findings provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying plant virus-host interactions and have implications for developing strategies to improve plant resistance against viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Du
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinqiao Zhan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Xueting Gu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Tongxiang Hangbaiju Technology Academy, Tongxiang 314500, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Tongxiang Hangbaiju Technology Academy, Tongxiang 314500, China
| | - Bizeng Mao
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Tongxiang Hangbaiju Technology Academy, Tongxiang 314500, China
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Elbasan F, Arikan B, Ozfidan-Konakci C, Tofan A, Yildiztugay E. Hesperidin and chlorogenic acid mitigate arsenic-induced oxidative stress via redox regulation, photosystems-related gene expression, and antioxidant efficiency in the chloroplasts of Zea mays. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108445. [PMID: 38402801 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquitous metalloid arsenic (As), which is not essential, can be found extensively in the soil and subterranean water of numerous nations, raising substantial apprehensions due to its impact on both agricultural productivity and sustainability. Plants exposed to As often display morphological, physiological, and growth-related abnormalities, collectively leading to reduced productivity. Polyphenols, operating as secondary messengers within the intricate signaling networks of plants, assume integral functions in the acquisition of resistance to diverse environmental stressors, including but not limited to drought, salinity, and exposure to heavy metals. The pivotal roles played by polyphenols in these adaptive processes underscore their profound significance in plant biology. This study aims to elucidate the impact of hesperidin (HP) and chlorogenic acid (CA), recognized as potent bioactive compounds, on maize plants exposed to As. To achieve this objective, the study examined the physiological and biochemical impacts, including growth parameters, photosynthesis, and chloroplastic antioxidants, of HP (100 μM) and CA (50 μM) on Zea mays plants exposed to arsenate stress (AsV, 100 μM - Na2HAsO4⋅7H2O). As toxicity led to reductions in fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) by 33% and 26%, respectively. However, the application of As+HP and As + CA increased FW by 22% and 40% and DW by 14% and 17%, respectively, alleviating the effects of As stress. As toxicity resulted in the up-regulation of PSII genes (psbA and psbD) and PSI genes (psaA and psaB), indicating a potential response to the re-formation of degraded regions, likely driven by the heightened demand for photosynthesis. Exogenous HP or/and CA treatments effectively counteracted the adverse effects of As toxicity on the photochemical quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm). H2O2 content showed a 23% increase under As stress, and this increase was evident in guard cells when examining confocal microscopy images. In the presence of As toxicity, the chloroplastic antioxidant capacity can exhibit varying trends, with either a decrease or increase observed. After the application of CA and/or HP, a significant increase was observed in the activity of GR, APX, GST, and GPX enzymes, resulting in decreased levels of H2O2 and MDA. Additionally, the enhanced functions of MDHAR and DHAR have modulated the redox status of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH). The HP or CA-mediated elevated levels of AsA and GSH content further contributed to the preservation of redox homeostasis in chloroplasts facing stress induced by As. In summary, the inclusion of HP and CA in the growth medium sustained plant performance in the presence of As toxicity by regulating physiological and biochemical characteristics, chloroplastic antioxidant enzymes, the AsA-GSH cycle and photosynthesis processes, thereby demonstrating their significant potential to confer resistance to maize through the mitigation of As-induced oxidative damage and the safeguarding of photosynthetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fevzi Elbasan
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Busra Arikan
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 42090, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Aysenur Tofan
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Evren Yildiztugay
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
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48
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Ru C, Hu X, Wang W. Nitrogen mitigates the negative effects of combined heat and drought stress on winter wheat by improving physiological characteristics. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14236. [PMID: 38454803 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Extreme drought stress is often accompanied by heat stress after anthesis in winter wheat. Whether nitrogen (N) can mitigate the damage caused by combined stress on wheat plants by regulating root physiological characteristics is still unclear. Thus, this study aimed to study the effects of combined heat and drought stress on photosynthesis, leaf water relations, root antioxidant system, osmoregulatory, and yield in wheat to reveal the physiological mechanism of N regulating the adverse impacts of combined stress on wheat. Heat and drought stress markedly reduced photosynthesis, leaf water content, root vitality, and bleeding sap. The combination of heat and drought strengthens these changes. Within a certain stress range, the increase in soluble sugar and proline contents and the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase under combined stress effectively alleviated the oxidative damage. Compared with those under high N application (N3), wheat plants under low N application (N1) maintained higher yield and yield components under combined stress; the number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and yield increased by 13.65%, 9.07%, and 15.33%, respectively, under N1 compared with those under N3 treatment, which may be attributed to the greater maintenance of photosynthesis, leaf water status, root vitality, and antioxidant and osmoregulation capacities. In summary, reduced N application mitigated the damage caused by combined heat and drought stress in wheat by improving root physiological characteristics and enhanced adaptability to combined stress, which is an appropriate strategy to compensate for yield losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ru
- School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaotao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wene Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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49
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Kamoun H, Feki K, Tounsi S, Jrad O, Brini F. The thioredoxin h-type TdTrxh2 protein of durum wheat confers abiotic stress tolerance of the transformant Arabidopsis plants through its protective role and the regulation of redox homoeostasis. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:317-331. [PMID: 37837550 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01899-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
The thioredoxins (Trxs) are ubiquitous and they play a crucial role in various biological processes like growth and stress response. Although the functions of Trxs proteins are described in several previous reports, the function of the isoform Trxh2 of durum wheat (Triticum durum L.), designated as TdTrxh2, in abiotic stress response still unknown. Thus, we aimed in this study the functional characterization of TdTrxh2 through its expression in yeast cells and Arabidopsis plants. Sequence analysis revealed that TdTrxh2 protein shared the conserved redox site with the other Trxh from other plant species. Under various abiotic stresses, TdTrxh2 was up-regulated in leaves and roots of durum wheat. Interestingly, we demonstrated that TdTrxh2 exhibit protective effect on LDH activity against various treatments. Besides, the expression of TdTrxh2 in yeast cells conferred their tolerance to multiple stresses. Moreover, transgenic Arabidopsis expressing TdTrxh2 showed tolerance phenotype to several abiotic stresses. This tolerance was illustrated by high rate of proline accumulation, root proliferation, low accumulation of reactive oxygen species like H2O2 and O2·-, and high antioxidant CAT and POD enzymes activities. All these findings suggested that TdTrxh2 promotes abiotic stress tolerance through the redox homoeostasis regulation and its protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanen Kamoun
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), BP1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Kaouthar Feki
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), BP1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sana Tounsi
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), BP1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Jrad
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), BP1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Faiçal Brini
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), BP1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
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50
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Kang SM, Adhikari A, Kwon EH, Gam HJ, Jeon JR, Woo JI, Lee IJ. Influence of N-Acetylglucosamine and Melatonin Interaction in Modeling the Photosynthetic Component and Metabolomics of Cucumber under Salinity Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2844. [PMID: 38474090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and melatonin (Mel) in agriculture could be a promising avenue for improving crop resilience and productivity, especially under challenging environmental conditions. In the current study, we treated the cucumber plant with GlcNAc and Mel solely and combinedly under salt stress (150 mM) then studied photosynthetic attributes using the transient OJIP fluorescence method. The results showed that the combination of GlcNAc × Mel significantly improved the plant morphological attributes, such as root and shoot biomass, and also improved chlorophyll and photosynthetic components. The mineral elements such as K, Mg, Ca, and P were significantly elevated, whereas a lower influx of Na was observed in GlcNAc × Mel treated cucumber shoots. A significant reduction in abscisic acid was observed, which was validated by the reduction in proline content and the increase in stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (E), and substomatal CO2 concentration (Ci). Furthermore, the activities of antioxidants such as polyphenol and flavonoid were considerably improved, resulting in a decrease in SOD and CAT with GlcNAc × Mel treatment. In addition, GlcNAc × Mel treatment dropped levels of the toxic radical Malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevated amino acids in cucumber shoots. These findings suggest that the combination of GlcNAc × Mel could be an effective elicitor for modeling plant metabolism to confer stress tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Mo Kang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Arjun Adhikari
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hae Kwon
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jun Gam
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ryeol Jeon
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-In Woo
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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