1
|
de Sá SVM, Sousa Monteiro C, Fernandes JO, Pinto E, Faria MA, Cunha SC. Evaluating the human neurotoxicity and toxicological interactions impact of co-occurring regulated and emerging mycotoxins. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114239. [PMID: 38609220 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins can inflict harmful effects on diverse organs, and mounting evidence indicates their potential involvement in human neurodegenerative diseases. Given the common occurrence of these toxins in food, there is an increasing demand for a comprehensive assessment of their combined toxicity to enhance our understanding of their potential hazards. This research investigates mycotoxin exposure from widely consumed cereal-based products, including enniatin B (ENNB), sterigmatocystin (STG), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), cyclopiazonic acid (CPZ), citrinin (CIT), and ochratoxin A (OTA). Employing the median-effect equation based on Chou and Talalay's mass-action law, we assessed their cytotoxicity in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Notably, ENNB displayed the highest neurotoxicity (IC50 = 3.72 µM), followed by OTA (9.10 µM) and STG (9.99 µM). The combination of OTA + STG exhibited the highest toxicity (IC50 = 3.77 µM), while CPZ + CIT showed the least detrimental effect. Approximately 70 % of tested binary combinations displayed synergistic or additive effects, except for ENNB + STG, ENNB + AFB1, and CPZ + CIT, which showed antagonistic interactions. Intriguingly, the senary combination displayed moderate antagonism at the lowest exposure and moderate synergism at higher doses. OTA exhibited predominantly synergistic interactions, comprising approximately 90 %, a noteworthy finding considering its prevalence in food. Conversely, ENNB interactions tended to be antagonistic. The most remarkable synergy occurred in the STG and CIT combination, enabling a 50-fold reduction in CIT dosage for an equivalent toxic effect. These findings highlight the biological relevance of robust synergistic interactions, emphasizing the need to assess human exposure hazards accurately, particularly considering frequent mycotoxin co-occurrence in environmental and food settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soraia V M de Sá
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carolina Sousa Monteiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - José O Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eugénia Pinto
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Porto, Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Miguel A Faria
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sara C Cunha
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu X, Zhang X, Zhou W, Liang L, Zhang J, Wen C, Li Y, Xu X, Liu G. Combined toxicity of oil-based PAH4 mixtures on HL-7702 cells. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169038. [PMID: 38056657 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a group of prevalent persistent organic pollutants in the environment are always found as mixtures. The combined toxicity of oil-based PAH4 seems seldom to be mentioned. To evaluate the combined toxicity of oil-based PAH4 mixtures on HL-7702 cells, the effects of single, binary, ternary, and quaternary mixtures on cell viability were examined, and the concentration addition model and combination index (CI)-isobologram model were selected to predict the toxicological interactions of the mixtures. The results showed that the PAH4 mixtures had a concentration-dependent effect on cell viability. The CI model was more suitable for elucidating the toxicity interactions of mixtures. In addition, the combined toxicity of BaA + BaP and BaA + Chr + BbF + BaP was antagonistic, BaA + Chr, BaA + BbF, Chr + BbF, and BaA + Chr + BbF was synergistic, and the remaining mixtures shifted from antagonistic to synergistic. Antagonistic effects were observed in all mixtures containing BaP, indicating that oil-based PAH4 mixtures containing BaP had a mitigating effect on cytotoxicity. Furthermore, BbF was identified as playing a key role in the synergistic effects in binary and ternary mixtures. This study provided a new acknowledgment to assess the interactions of PAH4 mixtures which is helpful for further study of the toxicity risks in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; School of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Wanli Zhou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Li Liang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jixian Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Chaoting Wen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Youdong Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Guoyan Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Coulibaly A, Biguezoton AS, Hema DM, Dah FF, Sawadogo I, Bationo RK, Compaoré M, Kiendrebeogo M, Nébié RCH. Evaluation of synergism in essential oils against the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus in Burkina Faso. Exp Parasitol 2023; 255:108643. [PMID: 37949426 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus affects animal production economically by reducing weight gain and milk production and causing diseases, such as babesiosis and anaplasmosis. Using synthetic acaricides to reduce their incidence has caused the emergence of resistant tick populations. The present study aimed to assess the in vitro acaricidal activity of combinations of essential oils (EOs) from Ocimum americanum, Ocimum gratissimum, and Lippia multiflora against R. microplus larvae. In fact, numerous biological properties have been reported on EOs from these three plants, including acaricidal properties. Hence, a larval immersion test was performed using a population of R. microplus resistant to synthetic acaricides used in Burkina Faso. Results revealed that EO from O. gratissimum was the most effective on R. microplus larvae with LC50 and LC90 values at 10.36 and 15.51 mg/mL, respectively. For EO combinations, the most significant synergistic effect was obtained by combination 6 (1/3 O. americanum + 2/3 O. gratissimum +1/6 L. multiflora), with a combination index value of 0.44. All combinations presented dose reduction index >1, indicating a favorable dose reduction. According to the literature, this is the first study to determine the combination effect of EOs from the abovementioned plants in controlling R. microplus activity in vitro. Thus, the combination of these EOs is an alternative to control the resistant populations of invasive cattle ticks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anass Coulibaly
- National Centre for Scientific and Technological Research (CNRST)/IRSAT, Natural Substances Department, 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; Vector-Borne Diseases and Biodiversity Unit (UMaVeB), International Research and Development Centre on Livestock in Sub-humid Areas (CIRDES), 454 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso; Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Chimie Appliquées (LA.BIO.CA), UFR/SVT, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 09 BP 848 Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso.
| | - Abel S Biguezoton
- Vector-Borne Diseases and Biodiversity Unit (UMaVeB), International Research and Development Centre on Livestock in Sub-humid Areas (CIRDES), 454 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Delphine M Hema
- National Centre for Scientific and Technological Research (CNRST)/IRSAT, Natural Substances Department, 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; Vector-Borne Diseases and Biodiversity Unit (UMaVeB), International Research and Development Centre on Livestock in Sub-humid Areas (CIRDES), 454 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso; Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Chimie Appliquées (LA.BIO.CA), UFR/SVT, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 09 BP 848 Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso
| | - Firmin F Dah
- Vector-Borne Diseases and Biodiversity Unit (UMaVeB), International Research and Development Centre on Livestock in Sub-humid Areas (CIRDES), 454 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Ignace Sawadogo
- National Centre for Scientific and Technological Research (CNRST)/IRSAT, Natural Substances Department, 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Rémy K Bationo
- National Centre for Scientific and Technological Research (CNRST)/IRSAT, Natural Substances Department, 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Moussa Compaoré
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Chimie Appliquées (LA.BIO.CA), UFR/SVT, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 09 BP 848 Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso
| | - Martin Kiendrebeogo
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Chimie Appliquées (LA.BIO.CA), UFR/SVT, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 09 BP 848 Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso
| | - Roger C H Nébié
- National Centre for Scientific and Technological Research (CNRST)/IRSAT, Natural Substances Department, 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gupta S, Banavath HN, Tejavath KK. Pharmacoinformatic screening of phytoconstituent and evaluation of its anti-PDAC effect using in vitro studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10627-10641. [PMID: 36510680 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2155701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
With no prominent treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in conventional chemotherapy, recent studies have focused on uniting conventional and traditional medicines including plant phytoconstituents. Herein, we used pharmacoinformatic studies to identify potent phytoconstituent as ligand having inhibition activities against canonical anticancer targets, and evaluated its effect on PDAC cell lines. SwissTargetPrediction and SuperPred tools were utilized to segregate protein targets of ligand in humans, following which FunRich was applied to garner its targets in PDAC. STRING analysis predicted protein-protein interactions and dynamic simulation studies confirmed stability of ligand-protein complex. For in vitro cytotoxic potential, ligand treatment at different concentrations was given to PDAC cell lines both alone and combined with gemcitabine, followed by evaluation of effects on migration. Differential gene expression was checked using PCR for evaluating mechanism of cytotoxicity. Results showed pentagalloylglucose (PGG) with highest docking and MMGBSA scores for Cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2) inhibition site. SwissTargetPrediction and SuperPred analysis detected 40 targets of PGG in PDAC. Simulation data showed stability of protein-ligand complex. In in vitro experiments Mia-PaCa-2 was more sensitive to PGG than Panc-1. PGG successfully inhibited migration both alone and in combination with gemcitabine. Additionally, PGG treatment induced apoptosis in both the cell lines; but showed antagonism when combined with gemcitabine. In conclusion, our report demonstrates PGG has good binding with Cox2 and showed anti-PDAC activity by inhibiting migration and inducing apoptosis, thus it can be used as a therapy option. But further studies are required to confirm its behaviour as a combination therapy drug.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hemanth Naick Banavath
- Department of Sports Bio-Sciences, School of Sports Science MYAS-CURAJ, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Tejavath
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gupta P, Neupane YR, Aqil M, Kohli K, Sultana Y. Lipid-based nanoparticle-mediated combination therapy for breast cancer management: a comprehensive review. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:2739-2766. [PMID: 37261602 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01366-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer due to the unpredictable and complex etiopathology combined with the non-availability of any effective drug treatment has become the major root of concern for oncologists globally. The number of women affected by the said disease state is increasing at an alarming rate attributed to environmental and lifestyle changes indicating at the exploration of a novel treatment strategy that can eradicate this aggressive disease. So far, it is treated by promising nanomedicine monotherapy; however, according to the numerous studies conducted, the inadequacy of these nano monotherapies in terms of elevated toxicity and resistance has been reported. This review, therefore, puts forth a new multimodal strategic approach to lipid-based nanoparticle-mediated combination drug delivery in breast cancer, emphasizing the recent advancements. A basic overview about the combination therapy and its index is firstly given. Then, the various nano-based combinations of chemotherapeutics involving the combination delivery of synthetic and herbal agents are discussed along with their examples. Further, the recent exploration of chemotherapeutics co-delivery with small interfering RNA (siRNA) agents has also been explained herein. Finally, a section providing a brief description of the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has been presented. From this review, we aim to provide the researchers with deep insight into the novel and much more effective combinational lipid-based nanoparticle-mediated nanomedicines tailored specifically for breast cancer treatment resulting in synergism, enhanced antitumor efficacy, and low toxic effects, subsequently overcoming the hurdles associated with conventional chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Yub Raj Neupane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Mohd Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
- Lloyd Institute of Management & Technology (Pharm.), Plot No. 11, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201308, India.
| | - Yasmin Sultana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Weimer P, Kirsten CN, de Araújo Lock G, Nunes KAA, Rossi RC, Koester LS. Co-delivery of beta-caryophyllene and indomethacin in the oily core of nanoemulsions potentiates the anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-stimulated macrophage model. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 191:114-123. [PMID: 37652137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The potentiation of pharmacological effects can be achieved through several strategies, such as the association of substances and delivery in nanostructured systems. In practice, potentiation can be measured by the law of mass action and joint evaluation of the combination index (CI) and dose-response curves. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of the association of β-caryophyllene and indomethacin in the free form and delivered in nanoemulsions using the in vitro model of LPS-stimulated murine macrophage. The results indicated potentiation of the anti-inflammatory effect of nanoemulsified substances compared to free substances, as well as synergistic action between the sesquiterpene and the selected NSAID. In comparison, the association of β-caryophyllene and indomethacin in the free form inhibited the production of nitric oxide by 50% at 48.60 µg/mL (CI = 0.21), while the nanoemulsified association of these substances resulted in an IC50 of 1.45 µg/mL (CI = 0.14). In parallel, cytotoxicity assays on HaCaT and MRC-5 cell lines demonstrated the safety of IC50-equivalent concentrations of the anti-inflammatory action, and no irritating effects on the chorioallantoic membrane of embryonated eggs were observed (HET-CAM assay). The results suggest that β-caryophyllene may be an alternative to replace an inert oily core in nanoemulsion systems when anti-inflammatory effects are desirable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Weimer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752, Santa Cecília, Zip code 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Camila Nedel Kirsten
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição e Alimentos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos, 950, Cristo Rei, Zip code 93022-000, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Graziela de Araújo Lock
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752, Santa Cecília, Zip code 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ketly A A Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752, Santa Cecília, Zip code 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rochele Cassanta Rossi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição e Alimentos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos, 950, Cristo Rei, Zip code 93022-000, São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Letícia Scherer Koester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752, Santa Cecília, Zip code 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chory EJ, Wang M, Ceribelli M, Michalowska AM, Golas S, Beck E, Klumpp-Thomas C, Chen L, McKnight C, Itkin Z, Wilson KM, Holland D, Divakaran S, Bradner J, Khan J, Gryder BE, Thomas CJ, Stanton BZ. High-throughput approaches to uncover synergistic drug combinations in leukemia. SLAS Discov 2023; 28:193-201. [PMID: 37121274 PMCID: PMC10449086 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We report a comprehensive drug synergy study in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this work, we investigate a panel of cell lines spanning both MLL-rearranged and non-rearranged subtypes. The work comprises a resource for the community, with many synergistic drug combinations that could not have been predicted a priori, and open source code for automation and analyses. We base our definitions of drug synergy on the Chou-Talalay method, which is useful for visualizations of synergy experiments in isobolograms, and median-effects plots, among other representations. Our key findings include drug synergies affecting the chromatin state, specifically in the context of regulation of the modification state of histone H3 lysine-27. We report open source high throughput methodology such that multidimensional drug screening can be accomplished with equipment that is accessible to most laboratories. This study will enable preclinical investigation of new drug combinations in a lethal blood cancer, with data analysis and automation workflows freely available to the community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Chory
- Media Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA..
| | - Meng Wang
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michele Ceribelli
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20850, USA
| | - Aleksandra M Michalowska
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20850, USA
| | - Stefan Golas
- Media Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Erin Beck
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20850, USA
| | - Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20850, USA
| | - Lu Chen
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20850, USA
| | - Crystal McKnight
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20850, USA
| | - Zina Itkin
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20850, USA
| | - Kelli M Wilson
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20850, USA
| | - David Holland
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20850, USA
| | - Sanjay Divakaran
- Cardio-Oncology Program, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Bradner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Berkley E Gryder
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Craig J Thomas
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville MD 20850, USA.; Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Benjamin Z Stanton
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Columbus, OH, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA..
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang P, Wang Y, Liu SS, Wang ZJ, Xu YQ. SAHmap: Synergistic-antagonistic heatmap to evaluate the combined synergistic effect of mixtures of three pesticides on multiple endpoints of Caenorhabditis elegans. Environ Pollut 2022; 315:120378. [PMID: 36220575 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The environmental pollution caused by toxic chemicals such as pesticides has become a global problem. The mixture of dichlorvos (DIC), dimethoate (DIM), aldicarb (ALD) poses potential risks to the environment and human health. To fully explore the interaction of complex mixtures on Caenorhabditis elegans behavioral toxicity endpoint. This study created a synergistic-antagonistic heatmap (SAHmap) based on the combination index to systematically describe the toxicological interaction prospect of the mixture system. It was shown that the three pesticides and their binary as well as ternary mixture rays have significant concentration-response relationship on three behavioral endpoints of nematodes, From the perspective of synergistic-antagonistic heatmaps, all the mixture rays in the DIC-DIM mixture system showed strong synergism on the three behavioral and lethal endpoints. In the ternary mixture system, the five mixture rays showed different interaction between the behavioral endpoint and the lethal endpoint, and showed slight synergism to two behavioral endpoints as a whole. The emergence of synergism should arouse our attention to these hazardous chemicals. In addition, the use of SAHmap and the significant linear correlation among three behavioral endpoints further improved the efficiency of the study on the behavioral toxicity of pesticide mixtures to Caenorhabditis elegans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Shu-Shen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Ze-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Ya-Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang SS, Tsai CH, Kuo CY, Li YS, Cheng SP. ACLY inhibitors induce apoptosis and potentiate cytotoxic effects of sorafenib in thyroid cancer cells. Endocrine 2022; 78:85-94. [PMID: 35761130 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) is a critical enzyme at the intersection of glucose and lipid metabolism. ACLY is often upregulated or activated in cancer cells to accelerate lipid synthesis and promote tumor progression. In this study, we aimed to explore the possibility of utilizing ACLY inhibition as a new strategy in the treatment of thyroid cancer. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis of the public datasets was performed. Thyroid cancer cells were treated with two different ACLY inhibitors, SB-204990 and NDI-091143. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis revealed that ACLY expression was increased in anaplastic thyroid cancer. In thyroid cancer cell lines FTC-133 and 8505C, ACLY inhibitors suppressed monolayer cell growth and clonogenic ability in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis showed that ACLY inhibitors increased the proportion of sub-G1 cells in the cell cycle and the number of annexin V-positive cells. Immunoblotting confirmed caspase-3 activation and PARP1 cleavage following treatment with ACLY inhibitors. Compromised cell viability could be partially rescued by co-treatment with the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. Additionally, we showed that ACLY inhibitors impeded three-dimensional growth and cell invasion in thyroid cancer cells. Isobolograms and combination index analysis indicated that ACLY inhibitors synergistically potentiated the cytotoxicity rendered by sorafenib. CONCLUSIONS Targeting ACLY holds the potential for being a novel therapeutic strategy for thyroid cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Sen Huang
- Department of Surgery, Taitung MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taitung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsin Tsai
- Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital and MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Kuo
- Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital and MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Syuan Li
- Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital and MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Cheng
- Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital and MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Morales-Guadarrama G, Méndez-Pérez EA, García-Quiroz J, Avila E, Larrea F, Díaz L. AZD4547 and calcitriol synergistically inhibited BT-474 cell proliferation while modified stemness and tumorsphere formation. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 223:106132. [PMID: 35659529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) overamplification/activation in cancer leads to increased cell proliferation. AZD4547, a FGFR selective inhibitor, hinders breast cancer cells growth. Although luminal B breast tumors may respond to chemotherapy and endocrine therapy, this subtype is associated with poor prognosis, inadequate response and/or acquired drug resistance. Calcitriol, the vitamin D most active metabolite, exerts anti-neoplastic effects and enhances chemotherapeutic drugs activity. In this study, we sought to decrease the concentration of AZD4547 needed to inhibit the luminal-B breast cancer cell line BT-474 proliferation by its combination with calcitriol. Anti-proliferative inhibitory concentrations, combination index and dose-reduction index were analyzed from Sulforhodamine B assays. Western blot and qPCR were used to study FGFR molecular targets. The compound's ability to inhibit BT-474 cells tumorigenic capacity was assessed by tumorspheres formation. Results: BT-474 cells were dose-dependently growth-inhibited by calcitriol and AZD4547 (IC50 = 2.9 nM and 3.08 μM, respectively). Calcitriol at 1 nM synergistically improved AZD4547 antiproliferative effects, allowing a 2-fold AZD4547 dose-reduction. Mechanistically, AZD4547 downregulated p-FGFR1, p-Akt and tumorsphere formation. Calcitriol also decreased tumorspheres, while induced cell differentiation. Both compounds inhibited MYC and CCND1 expression, as well as ALDH, a stemness marker that positively correlated with FGFR1 and negatively with VDR expression in breast cancer transcriptomic data. In conclusion, the drugs impaired self-aggregation capacity, reduced stemness features, induced cell-differentiation and when combined, synergistically inhibited cell proliferation. Overall, our results suggest that calcitriol, at low pharmacological doses, may be a suitable candidate to synergize AZD4547 effects in luminal B breast tumors, allowing to reduce dose and adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Morales-Guadarrama
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Edgar A Méndez-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Janice García-Quiroz
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Euclides Avila
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Fernando Larrea
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Lorenza Díaz
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Khorsand M, Mostafavi-Pour Z, Razban V, Khajeh S, Zare R. Combinatorial effects of telmisartan and docetaxel on cell viability and metastatic gene expression in human prostate and breast cancer cells. Mol Biol Res Commun 2022; 11:11-20. [PMID: 35463822 PMCID: PMC9012430 DOI: 10.22099/mbrc.2022.42638.1700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a unique process resulting in enhanced cell motility, invasiveness, and metastasis in cancer. The EMT is regulated by several transcription factors, including Snail and Slug, which exert crucial roles during cancer progression. We have studied the effects of Docetaxel as the first-line chemotherapy agent for prostate cancer, and Telmisartan as an anti-hypertensive drug on the expression level of Snail and Slug. In addition, the effects of Docetaxel, Telmisartan and their combination on cancer cell proliferation were investigated. The PC3, DU145, MDA-MB468, and HEK cell lines were used for this study. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis and MTT assay were used to study the expression of Snail and Slug level and cell proliferative assay, respectively. We found that a combination of Docetaxel + Telmisartan effectively inhibits the cell proliferation in cancerous cells in comparison with each drug alone (P<0.05). Furthermore, in these cell lines, Docetaxel, Telmisartan and their combination significantly diminished the expression level of Snail and Slug genes compared to control cells (P<0.001), however, in the HEK cell line, this effect was seen only in the combination group. Our data imply that Telmisartan and its combination with Docetaxel exert strong inhibitory effects on the expression level of Snail and Slug genes. Also, these drugs and their combination could inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In conclusion, the combination of Telmisartan and Docetaxel has the potential to suppress the metastasis of prostate and breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Khorsand
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,#Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour and Vahid Razban are both corresponding authors and have got the same contribution in this work,Corresponding Author: Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.Tel:+98 71-32 303029 ; Fax: +98 71-32 303029 , E. mail:
| | - Vahid Razban
- Molecular Medicine Department, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,#Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour and Vahid Razban are both corresponding authors and have got the same contribution in this work
| | - Sahar Khajeh
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razieh Zare
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Téllez AAC, Sánchez-Fortún S, Sánchez-Fortún A, García-Pérez ME, Chacon-Garcia L, Bartolomé MC. Prediction of the impact induced by Cd in binary interactions with other divalent metals on wild-type and Cd-resistant strains of Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:22555-22565. [PMID: 34791630 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17372-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The metals present in freshwater have a toxic profile with bioaccumulation and are biomagnified along the aquatic food chain. The metals induce high sensitivity in most aquatic organisms, while others, such as some microalgae species, evolve towards resistance. Therefore, this research predicted through the Combination Index method the binary interaction exposed to divalent metals by inhibiting population growth in a Cd-resistant strain (DcRCd100) compared to the wild-type strain (Dc1Mwt) of Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides and evaluate the specific resistance level obtained by DcRCd100 to Cd relative to other divalent metals.The results showed that DcRCd100 presents resistance compared to Dc1Mwt in individual exposure in the order of Fe2+ > Ni2+ > Cd2+ > Co2+ > Zn2+ > Cu2+ > Hg2+ with 50% inhibitory concentration at 72 h of exposure (IC50(72)) values 1253, 644.4, 423, 162.7, 141.3, 35.1, and 9.9 µM, respectively. It induces cross-resistance with high antagonistic rates (Combination Index (CI); CI > > 1) in the Cd/Zn and Cd/Cu. Cd/Ni, its initial response, is antagonistic, and it ends in an additive (CI = 1). DcRCd100 showed a lower resistance in Co, and Cd/Fe resistance was reduced individually. The interaction with Hg increased its resistance ten times more than individually.This research highlights the use of the CI as a highly efficient prediction method of the binary metal interactions in wild-type and Cd-resistant strains of D. chlorelloides. It may have the potential for metal accumulation, allowing the development of new methods of bioremediation of metals in effluents, and to monitor the concentration of metals in wastewater, its relative availability, transport, and mechanisms on resistant strains of microalgae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alondra A Cortés Téllez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Puerta de Hierro Ave., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastián Sánchez-Fortún
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Puerta de Hierro Ave., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Fortún
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Puerta de Hierro Ave., 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martha-Estrella García-Pérez
- Chemical-Biological Sciences Institute, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), 403 Santiago Tapia St., 58000, Morelia (Michoacán), Mexico
| | - Luis Chacon-Garcia
- Chemical-Biological Sciences Institute, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), 403 Santiago Tapia St., 58000, Morelia (Michoacán), Mexico
| | - M Carmen Bartolomé
- Environmental Toxicology LaboratoryFaculty of Chemistry-Pharmacobiology, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), 403 Santiago Tapia St., 58000, Morelia (Michoacán), Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Veloso C, Videira RA, Andrade PB, Cardoso C, Vitorino C. Topical Fixed-Dose Combinations: Current in vitro methodologies for pre-clinical development. Int J Pharm 2022; 617:121621. [PMID: 35219825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The combination of two or more active pharmaceutical ingredients in the same dosage form - fixed-dose combination products - for topical administration represents a promising therapeutic approach for treating several pathologies, including pain. The pre-clinical development of fixed-dose combination products aims to characterize the interactions between the different APIs and ensure that the final medicinal product has the required safety characteristics. To this end, there are several regulatory accepted in vitro tests to assess the safety of medicinal products intended for cutaneous administration. In turn, the evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity should be based on models described in the scientific literature, as there are no models fully validated by competent entities. Therefore, the present work presents the information regarding accepted in vitro tests to assess the safety of topical products and the most used methods to assess anti-inflammatory activity. Additionally, a new approach to select a fixed-dose combination product with the potential to enhance the therapeutic effects of the individual active pharmaceutical ingredients is rationalized by integrating the overall effects on several targets relevant for inflammation and pain management in one numeric index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Veloso
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Romeu A Videira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Cardoso
- Laboratórios Basi, Parque Industrial Manuel Lourenço Ferreira, lote 15, 3450-232 Mortágua, Portugal
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ando S, Moyama C, Kojima N, Fujita M, Ohta K, Kohno Y, Ii H, Nakata S. JCI-20679 suppresses autophagy and enhances temozolomide-mediated growth inhibition of glioblastoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 591:62-67. [PMID: 34999255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.12.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, a type of brain cancer, is one of the most aggressive and lethal types of malignancy. The present study shows that JCI-20679, an originally synthesized mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, enhances the anti-proliferative effects of suboptimal concentrations of the clinically used chemotherapeutic drug temozolomide in glioblastoma cells. Analysis of the effects of temozolomide combined with JCI-20679 using isobologram and combination index methods demonstrated that the combination had synergistic effects in murine and human glioblastoma cells. We found that JCI-20679 inhibited the temozolomide-mediated induction of autophagy that facilitates cellular survival. The autophagy induced by temozolomide increased ATP production, which confers temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma cells. JCI-20679 blocked temozolomide-mediated increases in ATP levels and increased the AMP/ATP ratio. Furthermore, JCI-20679 enhanced the therapeutic effects of temozolomide in an orthotopic transplantation model of glioblastoma. These results indicate that JCI-20679 may be promising as a novel agent for enhancing the efficacy of temozolomide against glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shota Ando
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho 5, Yamashina, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Chiami Moyama
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho 5, Yamashina, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Naoto Kojima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi-Shichono-cho 5, Yamashina, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Fujita
- Center for Medical Education and Clinical Training, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Ohno-Higashi 377-2, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kaito Ohta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi-Shichono-cho 5, Yamashina, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yukina Kohno
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho 5, Yamashina, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ii
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho 5, Yamashina, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakata
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho 5, Yamashina, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pescatore T, Di Nica V, Finizio A, Ademollo N, Spataro F, Rauseo J, Patrolecco L. Sub-lethal effects of soil multiple contamination on the avoidance behaviour of Eisenia fetida. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 226:112861. [PMID: 34628156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Natural ecosystems are frequently exposed to complex mixtures of different chemicals. However, the environmental risk assessment is mainly based on data from individual substances. In this study, the individual and combined effects on the terrestrial earthworm E. fetida exposed to the anionic surfactant sodium lauryl ether sulphate (SLES) and the pesticides chlorpyrifos (CPF) and imidacloprid (IMI) were investigated, by using the avoidance behaviour as endpoint. Earthworms were exposed to a soil artificially contaminated with five sub-lethal concentrations of each contaminant, both as single substances and in combination of binary and ternary mixtures. Overall results showed that IMI provoked the highest avoidance effect on earthworms, with a concentration value that induced an avoidance rate of 50% of treated organisms (AC50) of 1.30 mg/kg, followed by CPF (AC50 75.26 mg/kg) and SLES (AC50 139.67 mg/kg). The application of the Combination Index (CI) method, indicated that a deviation from the additive response occurred for most of the tested chemical mixtures, leading to synergistic or antagonistic avoidance responses. Synergistic effects were produced by the exposure to the two lowest concentrations of the CPF+IMI mixture, and by the highest concentrations of SLES+CPF and SLES+CPF+IMI mixtures. On the contrary, antagonistic effects were observed at the lowest concentrations of the binary mixtures containing the SLES and at almost all the tested concentrations of the SLES+CPF+IMI mixture (with the exception of the highest tested concentration). These results show that the avoidance test is suitable to assess the detrimental effects exerted on earthworms by chemical mixtures in soil ecosystems and the use of behavioural endpoints can increase the ecological significance of environmental risk assessment procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanita Pescatore
- Institute of Polar Sciences - National Research Council (ISP-CNR), Rome, Italy; Department of Ecological and Biological Science (DEB-Tuscia University), Viterbo, Italy
| | - Valeria Di Nica
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
| | - Antonio Finizio
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Ademollo
- Institute of Polar Sciences - National Research Council (ISP-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Spataro
- Institute of Polar Sciences - National Research Council (ISP-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Jasmin Rauseo
- Institute of Polar Sciences - National Research Council (ISP-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Patrolecco
- Institute of Polar Sciences - National Research Council (ISP-CNR), Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
García-Quiroz J, Cárdenas-Ochoa N, García-Becerra R, Morales-Guadarrama G, Méndez-Pérez EA, Santos-Cuevas C, Ramírez-Nava GJ, Segovia-Mendoza M, Prado-García H, Avila E, Larrea F, Díaz L. Antitumoral effects of dovitinib in triple-negative breast cancer are synergized by calcitriol in vivo and in vitro. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 214:105979. [PMID: 34438041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a standard therapeutic option for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, its effectiveness is often compromised by drug-related toxicity and resistance development. Herein, we aimed to evaluate whether an improved antineoplastic effect could be achieved in vitro and in vivo in TNBC by combining dovitinib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, with calcitriol, a natural anticancer hormone. In vitro, cell proliferation and cell-cycle distribution were studied by sulforhodamine B-assays and flow cytometry. In vivo, dovitinib/calcitriol effects on tumor growth, angiogenesis, and endothelium activation were evaluated in xenografted mice by caliper measures, Itgb3/VEGFR2-immunohistochemistry and 99mTc-Ethylenediamine-N,N-diacetic acid/hydrazinonicotinamyl-Glu[cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Lys)]2 (99mTc-RGD2)-tumor uptake. The drug combination elicited a synergistically improved antiproliferative effect in TNBC-derived cells, which allowed a 7-fold and a 3.3-fold dovitinib dose-reduction in MBCDF-Tum and HCC-1806 cells, respectively. Mechanistically, the co-treatment induced a cell cycle profile suggestive of cell death and DNA damage (accumulation of cells in SubG1, S, and G2/M phases), increased the number of multinucleated cells and inhibited tumor growth to a greater extent than each compound alone. Tumor uptake of 99mTc-RGD2 was reduced by dovitinib, suggesting angiogenesis inhibition, which was corroborated by decreased endothelial cell growth, tumor-vessel density and VEGFR2 expression. In summary, calcitriol synergized dovitinib anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo, allowing for a significant dose-reduction of dovitinib while maintaining its antiproliferative potency. Our results suggest the beneficial convergence of independent antitumor mechanisms of dovitinib and calcitriol to inhibit TNBC-tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janice García-Quiroz
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Nohemí Cárdenas-Ochoa
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Rocío García-Becerra
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Gabriela Morales-Guadarrama
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Edgar A Méndez-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Clara Santos-Cuevas
- Departamento de Materiales Radioactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac, 52750, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Gerardo J Ramírez-Nava
- Departamento de Materiales Radioactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac, 52750, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Mariana Segovia-Mendoza
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Heriberto Prado-García
- Departamento de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, C.P. 14080, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Euclides Avila
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Fernando Larrea
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Lorenza Díaz
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Av. Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Aziz B, Khurshid A, Mahmood R, Khan JA, Javaid S, Alam M, Mujtaba Ul Hassan S, Ikram M. Study of synergistic effects of Ficus Carica leaves extract mediated chemo-photodynamic therapy on rhabdomyosarcoma cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 36:102565. [PMID: 34614426 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy for rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) is effective, but it has critical side effects and unavoidable challenges. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an approach to treating cancer with relatively moderate side effects. Plant products are a rich source of polyphenols, which have potent antioxidant and anticancer activities. Therefore, their research has become an emerging field in recent decades. PURPOSE This work aimed to evaluate the potential of hydrophobic extract of Ficus Carica (FC) to determine whether FC in the presence of low dose chemo and Aluminium Phthalocyanine (Photosense®) mediated photodynamic therapy synergistically enhances the treatment efficacy of RD cells. METHOD FC with and without combination with individual therapeutic modalities like photosense mediated photodynamic therapy, chemotherapy, and their combinations were studied for cell viability and morphological changes in invitro RD cells. A semiconductor diode laser (630 nm) was used as a light source in PDT. The cytotoxic effect of FC on cell viability and cellular morphological changes were investigated by MTT reagent and a camera attached to an inverted visible light microscope. The effect of FC, followed by di-combination with low dose chemo (doxorubicin-HCl, and dacarbazine), Photosense® mediated PDT and chemo-Photosense® mediated PDT (tri-combination) at 630 nm diode laser and 10 J/cm2 fluency were also investigated by MTT reagent. The combination index method is used to identify the synergistic effect of combination therapy by using CompuSyn software based on the Chou-Talalay method. RESULTS The dose-dependent effect of FC on cell viability and cellular morphological changes were observed in the RD cell line. It was found that the pre incubation of FC potentiated the anticancer effect as a neoadjuvant agent for doxorubicin-HCl and decarbazine based chemotherapy, Photosense® mediated PDT and chemo-PDT (tri-combination) with synergistic effect (CI<1). CONCLUSION These results suggest a possible thread that the low dose combination of the aforementioned therapeutic modalities in the presence of FC remarkably enhances the treatment efficacy of RD in comparison with a single-agent treatment modality. The proposed sequence of FC with chemo and PDT might present better therapeutic outcomes in RD therapies and may provide result for RD metastasis. FC may also be used in the application of phyto-PDT to cancer in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Aziz
- Photonanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; Department of Physics, Women University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Bagh, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Ahmat Khurshid
- Photonanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan.
| | - Rashid Mahmood
- Photonanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Ahmad Khan
- Photonanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
| | - Sumbal Javaid
- Photonanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Masroor Alam
- Department of Virology and Imunology, National Institute of Health, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Mujtaba Ul Hassan
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
| | - Masroor Ikram
- Photonanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Slavova-Kazakova A, Janiak MA, Sulewska K, Kancheva VD, Karamać M. Synergistic, additive, and antagonistic antioxidant effects in the mixtures of curcumin with (-)-epicatechin and with a green tea fraction containing (-)-epicatechin. Food Chem 2021; 360:129994. [PMID: 33989877 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The combinations of curcumin with green tea flavan-3-ols produce various synergistic biological effects. This study aimed to verify the antioxidant effects in mixtures of curcumin with (-)-epicatechin (EC) or with EC fraction from green tea in a non-polar lipid system (triacylglycerol autoxidation) and in a polar conditions (ABTS assay). Curcumin was 2.5-2.6 and 2.9-3.6 times weaker antioxidant than EC and EC fraction, respectively. The synergism was found in mixtures using the isobologram analysis of ABTS•+ scavenging activity results. The strongest effect with a combination index of 0.751 was in the equimolar mixture of pure compounds. In the lipid system, antagonism occurred for curcumin and EC fraction combination. However, an additive effect was found between curcumin and EC. In conclusion, the antioxidant effects in the curcumin and EC mixtures depended on the polarity of the assay media, the ratio of antioxidants, and presence other phenolics in the system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Slavova-Kazakova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Michał A Janiak
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Sulewska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Vessela D Kancheva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Magdalena Karamać
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Holland-Letz T, Kopp-Schneider A. An R-shiny application to calculate optimal designs for single substance and interaction trials in dose response experiments. Toxicol Lett 2021; 337:18-27. [PMID: 33232777 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Optimal experimental design theory proposes choosing specific settings in experimental trials in order to maximize the precision of the resulting parameter estimates. In dose response experiments, this corresponds to choosing the optimal dose levels for every available observation, and can be applied both to singular dose-response relationships and to interaction experiments where two substances are given simultaneously at several different mixture ratios ("ray designs"). While the theory of experimental design for this situation is well developed, the mathematical complexity prevents widespread use in practical applications. A simple to use application making the theory accessible to practitioners is thus very desirable. METHODS Results from established optimal experimental design theory are applied to dose response applications, focusing on log-logistic and Weibull class dose response functions. Suitable optimal design algorithms to solve these problems are implemented into an R-shiny based online application. RESULTS The application provides an interface to easily calculate D-optimal designs not only for singular dose experiments, but also for interaction trials with several combination rays of substances. Furthermore, the app also allows evaluating the efficiency of existing candidate designs, and finally allows construction of designs which perform robustly under different assumptions in regard to the true parameters.
Collapse
|
20
|
Ojo AF, Peng C, Ng JC. Combined effects and toxicological interactions of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances mixtures in human liver cells (HepG2). Environ Pollut 2020; 263:114182. [PMID: 32247900 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The combined effects and toxicological interactions of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixtures remain largely unknown even though they occur as complex mixtures in the environment. This study investigated the toxicity of individual and combined PFAS to human liver cell line (HepG2). The Combination Index (CI)-isobologram equation method was used to determine the toxicological interactions of PFAS in binary, ternary and multi-component mixtures. The results indicated that the cytotoxicity of individual PFAS to HepG2 cells increased with increasing carbon chain lengths when separated into non-sulfonated and sulfonated groups. The respective cytotoxicity of PFAS is in the order of PFDA > PFNA > PFOA > PFHpA for perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and in the order of PFOS > PFHxS for perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids. The toxicological interaction of PFOS and PFOA with other PFAS clearly showed a different pattern of combined toxicity in HepG2 Cells. The binary, ternary, and multi-component combinations of PFOS with PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFHxS, and PFHpA displayed synergistic interactions for almost all inhibitory effect levels tested, whereas, either synergistic or antagonistic effect was observed in mixtures with PFOA. Overall, the pattern of interactions of PFAS mixtures is predominated by synergism, especially at low to medium effect levels; the exceptions to this were the antagonistic interactions found in mixture with PFOA, PFHxS, and PFHpA. These cytotoxicity results may have an implication on the health risk assessment of PFAS mixtures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atinuke F Ojo
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Cheng Peng
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Jack C Ng
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Roszak J, Smok-Pieniążek A, Spryszyńska S, Kowalczyk K, Domeradzka-Gajda K, Świercz R, Grobelny J, Tomaszewska E, Ranoszek-Soliwoda K, Celichowski G, Cieślak M, Puchowicz D, Stępnik M. Cytotoxic effects in transformed and non-transformed human breast cell lines after exposure to silver nanoparticles in combination with selected aluminium compounds, parabens or phthalates. J Hazard Mater 2020; 392:122442. [PMID: 32193110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to assess cytotoxic effects of selected aluminium compounds, parabens and phthalates in combination with silver nanoparticles (AgNP, 15 and 45 nm by STEM, Ag15 and Ag45, respectively) on cell lines of the human breast epithelium, normal (MCF-10A) and transformed (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7). Combination indices were the most spectacular at effective concentrations (ED) inducing 25 % decrease in viability for the combinations of Ag15 with AlCl3 for MDA-MB-231 cells or aluminium zirconium tetrachlorohydrex Gly (AlZr) for MCF-10A and MCF-7 cells, where rather strong antagonism was revealed. As the ED values increased, those effects were enhanced (e.g. Ag15+AlCl3 for MDA-MB-231) or reversed into synergism (e.g. Ag15+AlZr for MCF-7). Another strong effect was observed for aluminium chloride hydroxide, which increasing ED, induced synergistic effect with both Ag15 and Ag45 on MCF-10A cells. Another interesting synergistic effect was observed for DBPh, but only in combination with Ag45 on MCF-10A and MCF-7. The results on cytotoxicity, cell cycle and oxidative stress induction indicate complex response of the cell lines to combined treatment with silver nanoparticles and the chemicals, which were influenced by diverse factors, such as physico-chemical characteristics of AgNP, method of their synthesis, concentrations used, and finally cell type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Roszak
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Dept, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - A Smok-Pieniążek
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Dept, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - S Spryszyńska
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Dept, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - K Kowalczyk
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Dept, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - K Domeradzka-Gajda
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Dept, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - R Świercz
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Dept, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - J Grobelny
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Poland
| | - E Tomaszewska
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Poland
| | - K Ranoszek-Soliwoda
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Poland
| | - G Celichowski
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Poland
| | - M Cieślak
- Scientific Department of Unconventional Technologies and Textiles, Łukasiewicz-Textile Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - D Puchowicz
- Scientific Department of Unconventional Technologies and Textiles, Łukasiewicz-Textile Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - M Stępnik
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Dept, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tóth G, Háhn J, Kriszt B, Szoboszlay S. Acute and chronic toxicity of herbicides and their mixtures measured by Aliivibrio fischeri ecotoxicological assay. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 185:109702. [PMID: 31585394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of our work was to determine the acute and chronic toxicity of three of the EU's most common herbicides - mesotrione, S-metolachlor, terbuthylazine - and their mixtures by Aliivibrio fischeri ecotoxicological assays. While comparing the sensitivity of the acute (30 min) Microtox® standard assay with the chronic (25 h) test adapted to microtiter plate, joint effects (antagonism, additive effect and synergism) to the bioluminescence inhibition (consequently the metabolic damage) in A. fischeri were also determined by Combination Index (CI) method. 30 min of exposure to mesotrione and S-metolachlor resulted in a relatively low acute toxicity (EC50 values were 118 and 265 mg/L), while terbuthylazine did not cause bioluminescence inhibition at all. Results showed that the chronic toxicity of S-metolachlor and terbuthylazine to A. fischeri (EC5010h = 59.2 and 4.9 mg/L and EC5015h = 54.0 and 9.6 mg/L, respectively) is larger by at least one order of magnitude than that after 30 min of contact time. Considering mesotrione no significant difference was experienced in toxicity. Regarding the EC50 values, all of the mixtures had synergistic joint effects in the acute assay. However, in the chronic test all the mixtures showed antagonistic responses with the exception of mesotrione and S-metolachlor (ratio 1:1) combination, which also had additive and synergistic effects after 10 and 15 h of exposure, similarly to the short-term test. This is also the first report of the joint effects of these herbicides. The chronic test is a more sensitive indicator to the active ingredients; both acute and chronic assays supply valuable data of the toxic properties of the pesticides. Moreover, the short- and long-term joint effects of their mixtures supporting a more accurate and reliable risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gergő Tóth
- Szent István University, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Environmental Safety and Ecotoxicology, 1 Páter Károly Street, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary
| | - Judit Háhn
- Szent István University, Regional University Center of Excellence, 1 Páter Károly Street, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary.
| | - Balázs Kriszt
- Szent István University, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Environmental Safety and Ecotoxicology, 1 Páter Károly Street, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary
| | - Sándor Szoboszlay
- Szent István University, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Environmental Safety and Ecotoxicology, 1 Páter Károly Street, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Holland-Letz T, Leibner A, Kopp-Schneider A. Modeling dose-response functions for combination treatments with log-logistic or Weibull functions. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:197-204. [PMID: 31786636 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Dose-response curves of new substances in toxicology and related areas are commonly fitted using log-logistic functions. In more advanced studies, an additional interest is often how these substances will behave when applied in combination with a second substance. Here, an essential question for both design and analysis of these combination experiments is whether the resulting dose-response function will still be a member of the class of log-logistic functions, and, if so, what function parameters will result for the combined substances. Different scenarios might be considered in regard to whether a true interaction between the substances is expected, or whether the combination will simply be additive. In this paper, it is shown that the resulting function will in general not be a log-logistic function, but can be approximated very closely with one. Parameters for this approximation can be predicted from the parameters of both ingredients. Furthermore, some simple interaction structures can still be represented with a single log-logistic function. The approach can also be applied to Weibull-type dose-response functions, and similar results are obtained. Finally, the results were applied to a real data set obtained from cell culture experiments involving two cancer treatments, and the dose-response curve of a combination treatment was predicted from the properties of the singular substances.
Collapse
|
24
|
Ulrich-Merzenich G, Welslau L, Aziz-Kalbhenn H, Kelber O, Shcherbakova A. Synergy quantifications to identify individual contributions of combination partners to the overall activity - The example of STW 5. Phytomedicine 2019; 60:153013. [PMID: 31326154 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rationale of combinations of plant extracts is often questioned. The common argument for combinations is a higher efficacy of the combination partners by multitargeting and the elimination of adverse events. AIM STW5, a well-known fixed herbal multicomponent preparation, is recommended in the German treatment guidelines for functional gastrointestinal diseases. The study assessed effects of STW5, its single plant components and combinations thereof on different targets to identify synergistic, additive or antagonistic effects of the combination partners. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS STW5, its nine components and triple combinations thereof were investigated in two in vitro models - human esophageal epithelial cells (Het1A) and intestinal smooth muscle cells (HISMC) - in comparison to Omeprazole (OM) for the release of interleukin 8 (IL-8) as surrogate for inflammation and of Ca2+ as surrogate for motion, under non-inflammatory and inflammatory (Capsaicin 80 µM (CAP)) conditions. The combination index (CI) of triple combinations was calculated to assess synergistic, antagonistic and additive effects. RESULTS In Het-1A cells, STW5 showed, under non-inflammatory as well as inflammatory conditions, releases of IL-8 (49.3 ± 4.2 pg/ml, 33.7 ± 2 pg/ml) comparable to the untreated control (46.3 ± 4.8 pg/ml). CAP increased IL-8 releases to 85.8 ± 14 pg/ml (p < 0.005). Among the single plant extracts the Iberis amara extract (IBE) induced high IL-8 releases under non-inflammatory (441 ± 177 pg/ml) and inflammatory (625± 121 pg/ml) conditions. The Silybum marianum (L.) extract (SM) reduced releases up to 20.1 ± 8 pg/ml (inflammation). The CI-values of triple combinations with IBE ranged from high synergy (CI<0.03) to antagonism (CI:480). Within the triple combinations SM was the most effective combination partner to reduce IL-8. The combination of Angelica archangelica (L.)/Carum carvi (L.) was also effective. In HISMCs, STW5 induced concentration dependent higher Ca2+-releases. Only Melissa officinalis (L.) (MO) induced high Ca2+- releases in HISMCs. CONCLUSION In Het-1A, STW5 inhibited Il-8 releases, although one of its components (IBE) stimulated IL-8 strongly. The combination partners in STW5 assured an overall marked anti-inflammatory action. In the triple combinations SM was identified as most important combination partner for the IL-8 reduction. CI-measurements can support the identification of active combination partners in a multicomponent preparation and can give directions towards the search for multitarget effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun Ulrich-Merzenich
- Medical Clinic III, UKB, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 26, Laboratories UG 65/69, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Lisa Welslau
- Medical Clinic III, UKB, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 26, Laboratories UG 65/69, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Heba Aziz-Kalbhenn
- Research & Development, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Bayer Consumer Health, Havelstr. 5, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Olaf Kelber
- Research & Development, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Bayer Consumer Health, Havelstr. 5, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Anastasiia Shcherbakova
- Medical Clinic III, UKB, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 26, Laboratories UG 65/69, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Volga State University of Technology, Lenin sq. 3, 424020 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang Y, Yang F, Zhang J, Sun G, Wang C, Guo Y, Wen R, Sun W. Quantitative fingerprint and quality control analysis of Compound Liquorice Tablet combined with antioxidant activities and chemometrics methods. Phytomedicine 2019; 59:152790. [PMID: 31005815 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbal medicine (HM), as a complex system, is difficult to investigate their quality consistency effectively by chromatographic fingerprinting obtained in a single detection method. Moreover, active compound discovery affords no information about pharmacological activity until late in the discovery process, and the interaction between HMs in vitro is not yet clear, which requires sufficient practice to prove their effectiveness. PURPOSE Therefore, the purpose of this study was to improve the quality control methods of Compound Liquorice Tablet (CLT) using multi-wavelength fusion fingerprinting, explore the possible antioxidant components and assess the interaction between herbs combined with bioactivity evaluation. METHODS AND DESIGN Once the theoretical standard preparation obtained in combination of multi-wavelength fusion fingerprinting and hierarchical clustering analysis, averagely linear quantified fingerprint method could rapidly calculate the composition similarities and efficiently quantify the multiple components of CLTs without any chemical standard. Furthermore, the fingerprint-efficacy relationship was investigated by integrating high performance liquid chromatography fingerprints with antioxidant activity assessment using the partial least squares model, which was capable of directly discovering the bioactive ingredients. Hereafter, combination index value was introduced to evaluate the correlation between the two antioxidant herbs in CLT formula. RESULTS The results showed that CLT samples were effectively identified and quantified, and their quality was accurately distinguished. By analyzing the antioxidant evaluation results, it was found that CLT had strong antioxidant activity, and through the study on PLS model and antioxidant activity assay of individual compounds, it was found that the order of chemical constituents responsible for antioxidant activity in CLT was as follows: flavonoids > saponins > alkaloids. Finally, it was determined that the CI value of GE-PPCE was in the range of 1.20-1.61, indicating that the interaction of the GE-PPCE pair was a slight antagonism. CONCLUSION Thus, this study provided a preferred way for monitoring the quality consistency of HM, exploring possible bioactive components of HMs and assessing the interaction between herbs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Fangliang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Guoxiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Florham Park, NJ, United States of America
| | - Ran Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Wanyang Sun
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine &Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Background For treating a complex disease such as cancer, some effective means are needed to control biological networks that underlies the disease. The one-target one-drug paradigm has been the dominating drug discovery approach in the past decades. Compared to single target-based drugs, combination drug targets may overcome many limitations of single drug target and achieve a more effective and safer control of the disease. Most of existing combination drug targets are developed based on clinical experience or text-and-trial strategy, which cannot provide theoretical guidelines for designing and screening effective drug combinations. Therefore, systematic identification of multiple drug targets and optimal intervention strategy needs to be developed. Results We developed a strategy to screen the synergistic combinations of two drug targets in disease networks based on the classification of single drug targets. The method tried to identify the sensitivity of single intervention and then the combination of multiple interventions that can restore the disease network to a desired normal state. In our strategy of screening drug target combinations, we first classified all drug targets into sensitive and insensitive single drug targets. Then, we identified the synergistic and antagonistic of drug target combinations, including the combinations of sensitive drug targets, the combinations of insensitive drug target and the combination of sensitive and insensitive targets. Finally, we applied our strategy to Arachidonic Acid (AA) metabolic network and found 18 pairs of synergistic drug target combinations, five of which have been proven to be viable by biological or medical experiments. Conclusions Different from traditional methods for judging drug synergy and antagonism, we propose the framework of how to enhance the efficiency by perturbing two sensitive targets in a combinatorial way, how to decrease the drug dose and therefore its side effect and cost by perturbing combinatorially a main sensitive target and an auxiliary insensitive target, and how to perturb two insensitive targets to realize the transition from a disease state to a healthy one which cannot be realized by perturbing each insensitive target alone. Although the idea is mainly applied to an AA metabolic network, the strategy holds for more general molecular networks such as combinatorial regulation in gene regulatory networks. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12859-019-2730-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, No.99, Shangda Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Jiao
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, No.99, Shangda Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, No.99, Shangda Road, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhou X, Razmovski-Naumovski V, Kam A, Chang D, Li CG, Chan K, Bensoussan A. Synergistic study of a Danshen (Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Sanqi (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma) combination on cell survival in EA.hy926 cells. BMC Complement Altern Med 2019; 19:50. [PMID: 30791910 PMCID: PMC6385400 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2458-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background This study investigated the protective effects of the Danshen (DS) and Sanqi (SQ) herb pair on cell survival in the human cardiovascular endothelial (EA.hy926) cell line exposed to injury. Methods Nine combination ratios of Danshen-Sanqi extracts (DS-SQ) were screened for their protective effects in the EA.hy926 cell line against two different cellular impairments induced by DL-homocysteine (Hcy) – adenosine (Ado) – tumour necrosis factors (TNF) and oxidative stress (H2O2), respectively. The type of interaction (synergistic, antagonistic, additive) between DS and SQ was analysed using a combination index (CI) model. The effects of key bioactive compounds from DS and SQ were tested using the same models. The compound from each herb that demonstrated the most potent activity in cell viability was combined to evaluate their synergistic/antagonistic interaction using CI. Results DS-SQ ratios of 6:4 (50–300 μg/mL) produced synergistic effects (CI < 1) in restoring cell viability, reducing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and caspase-3 expressions against Hcy-Ado-TNF. Additionally, DS-SQ 6:4 (50–150 μg/mL) was found to synergistically protect endothelial cells from impaired cellular injury induced by oxidative damage (H2O2) by restoring reduced cell viability and inhibiting excessive expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In particular, the combination of salvianolic acid A (SA) and ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) at 4:6 (1–150 μM) showed synergistic effects in preventing cytotoxic effects caused by Hcy-Ado-TNF (CI < 1). This simplified combination also demonstrated synergistic effects on H2O2-induced oxidative damage on EA.hy926 cells. Conclusions This study provides scientific evidence to support the traditional use of the DS-SQ combination on protecting endothelial cells through their synergistic interactions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-019-2458-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
28
|
Khaki-Khatibi F, Ghorbani M, Sabzichi M, Ramezani F, Mohammadian J. Adjuvant therapy with stattic enriches the anti-proliferative effect of doxorubicin in human ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells via arresting cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1240-1248. [PMID: 30551374 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjuvant therapy with novel and effective component has been presented as a contrivance in breast cancer treatment versus the conventional methods. The current research was done to evaluate the implement of stattic, specific STAT3 inhibitor on the anti-proliferative and apoptotic behavior of doxorubicin on ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells. Cell viability was investigated by MTT assay, the percentage of apoptosis by DAPI staining, and Annexin V. Real Time-PCR was applied to find out the correlation between mechanistic roles of the STAT3 pathway and apoptotic signal in the modulation of Bcl-2 and Bax gene expressions axis. The IC50 values for doxorubicin and stattic were 2.5 ± 0.18 μM and 3.5 ± 0.28 μM, respectively. Combination index (CI) value for ZR-75-1 breast cancer was 0.72, which indicated a strong synergistic effect. Incubation of the cells with a combination of stattic and doxorubicin revealed a significant increase in growth inhibitory effect of doxorubicin with more than 50% decrease in proliferation rate and a two-fold increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells. Assessment of gene expression levels demonstrated a visible decrease in antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl accompanied by an increase in pro-apoptotic Bax mRNA levels (p < 0.05). Taken together, our results show that combination of a STAT3 inhibitor and doxorubicin can be figured out as a promising approach for dealing of patients with breast cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khaki-Khatibi
- Department of Biochemistry & Clinical laboratory, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Marjan Ghorbani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sabzichi
- Department of Biochemistry & Clinical laboratory, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jamal Mohammadian
- Hematology & Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Veschi S, De Lellis L, Florio R, Lanuti P, Massucci A, Tinari N, De Tursi M, di Sebastiano P, Marchisio M, Natoli C, Cama A. Effects of repurposed drug candidates nitroxoline and nelfinavir as single agents or in combination with erlotinib in pancreatic cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:236. [PMID: 30241558 PMCID: PMC6151049 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer death. Combination therapies with classical chemotherapeutic agents improved treatment of advanced PC at the cost of a relevant toxicity, but the 5-year survival rate remains below 5%. Consequently, new therapeutic options for this disease are urgently needed. In this study, we explored the effect of two repurposed drug candidates nelfinavir and nitroxoline, approved for non-anticancer human use, in PC cell lines. Nelfinavir and nitroxoline were tested as single agents, or in combinations with or without erlotinib, a targeted drug approved for PC treatment. Methods The effects of the drugs on the viability of AsPC-1, Capan-2 and BxPC-3 PC cell lines were assessed by MTT. The impact of the treatments on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The effects of treatments on proteins relevant in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis were evaluated by western blot. Self-renewal capacity of PC cell lines after drug treatments was assessed using a clonogenic assay. Results When used as single agents, nelfinavir and nitroxoline decreased viability, affected cell cycle and reduced the expression of relevant cell cycle proteins. The effects on apoptosis were variable among PC cell lines. Moreover, these agents drastically impaired clonogenic activity of the three PC cell lines. Combinations of nelfinavir and nitroxoline, with or without erlotinib, resulted in dose- and cell-dependent synergistic effects on cell viability. These effects were paralleled by cell cycle alterations and more consistent apoptosis induction as compared to single agents. Treatments with drug combinations induced drastic impairment of clonogenic activity in the three cell lines. Conclusions This study shows that two non-antitumor drugs, nelfinavir and nitroxoline, as single agents or in combination have antitumor effects that appear comparable, or in some case more pronounced than those of erlotinib in three PC cell lines. Our results support repurposing of these approved drugs as single agents or in combination for PC treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0904-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Veschi
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura De Lellis
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy. .,Unit of General Pathology, Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Rosalba Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alberto Massucci
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nicola Tinari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele De Tursi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Marco Marchisio
- Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Clara Natoli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cama
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy. .,Unit of General Pathology, Center on Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Phyu SM, Smith TAD. Combination treatment of cancer cells with pan-Akt and pan-mTOR inhibitors: effects on cell cycle distribution, p-Akt expression level and radiolabelled-choline incorporation. Invest New Drugs 2018; 37:424-430. [PMID: 30056610 PMCID: PMC6538571 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0642-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Signal transduction pathways, which regulate cell growth and survival, are up-regulated in many cancers and there is considerable interest in their pharmaceutical modulation for cancer treatment. However inhibitors of single pathway components induce feedback mechanisms that overcome the growth moderating effect of the inhibitor. Combination treatments have been proposed to provide a more complete pathway inhibition. Here the effect of dual treatment of cancer cells with a pan-Akt and a pan-mTOR inhibitor was explored. Breast (SKBr3 and MDA-MB-468) and colorectal (HCT8) cancer cells were treated with the pan-Akt inhibitor MK2206 and pan-mTOR inhibitor AZD8055. Cytotoxic effect of the two drugs were determined using the MTT assay and the Combination Index and isobolomic analysis used to determine the nature of the interaction of the two drugs. Flow cytometry and western blot were employed to demonstrate drug effects on cell cycle distribution and phosph-Aktser473 expression. Radiolabelled ([methyl-3H]) Choline uptake was measured in control and drug-treated cells to determine the modulatory effects of the drugs on choline incorporation. The two drugs acted synergistically to inhibit the growth rate of each cancer cell line. Flow cytometry demonstrated G0/G1 blockade with MK2206 and AZD8055 which was greater when cells were treated with both drugs. The incorporation of [methyl-3H] choline was found be decreased to a greater extent in cells treated with both drugs compared with cells treated with either drug alone. Conclusions Pan-mTOR and pan-Akt inhibition may be highly effective in cancer treatment and measuring changes in choline uptake could be useful in detecting efficacious drug combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Myat Phyu
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Tim A D Smith
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK. .,Biomedical Physics Building, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sobral MMC, Faria MA, Cunha SC, Ferreira IMPLVO. Toxicological interactions between mycotoxins from ubiquitous fungi: Impact on hepatic and intestinal human epithelial cells. Chemosphere 2018; 202:538-548. [PMID: 29587235 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisin B1 (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are toxic fungal metabolites co-occurring naturally in the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicological interactions of these mycotoxins concerning additive, antagonistic and synergistic toxicity towards human cells. The theoretical biology-based Combination index-isobologram method was used to evaluate the individual and binary effect of these toxins and determine the type of the interaction using as models Caco-2 (intestinal) and HepG2 (hepatic) cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT test at the concentrations of 0.625-20 μM for all the compounds. DON exerted the highest toxicity toward both cells, OTA and AFB1 also showed a dose-effect response, whereas no toxicity was verified for FB1. Synergism or antagonism effects occurred when exposing AFB1-DON and AFB1-OTA on Caco-2 cells at higher or lower concentrations, respectively; while DON-OTA showed synergism throughout all inhibition levels. Concerning HepG2, AFB1-DON exerted a strong synergism, regardless of the level; whereas AFB1-OTA had slight synergism/nearly additive effect; and, OTA-DON had a moderate antagonism/nearly additive effect. Synergistic strengths as high as a dose reduction index of 10 for AFB1-DON were observed in hepatic cells. Taken together our findings indicate that the toxicological effects differ regarding the type of mycotoxins used for combinations and the stronger synergistic effect was observed for mixtures containing DON in both cells. Therefore, even though DON has not been classified as to its carcinogenicity to humans, this mycotoxin may present a serious threat to health, mainly when co-occurring in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Madalena C Sobral
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel A Faria
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sara C Cunha
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel M P L V O Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mohan L, Raghav D, Ashraf SM, Sebastian J, Rathinasamy K. Indirubin, a bis-indole alkaloid binds to tubulin and exhibits antimitotic activity against HeLa cells in synergism with vinblastine. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:506-517. [PMID: 29883946 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Indirubin, a bis-indole alkaloid used in traditional Chinese medicine has shown remarkable anticancer activity against chronic myelocytic leukemia. The present work was aimed to decipher the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for its anticancer attributes. Our findings suggest that indirubin inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells with an IC50 of 40 μM and induced a mitotic block. At concentrations higher than its IC50, indirubin exerted a moderate depolymerizing effect on the interphase microtubular network and spindle microtubules in HeLa cells. Studies with goat brain tubulin indicated that indirubin bound to tubulin at a single site with a dissociation constant of 26 ± 3 μM and inhibited the in vitro polymerization of tubulin into microtubules in the presence of glutamate as well as microtubule-associated proteins. Molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamics simulation studies indicate that indirubin stably binds to tubulin at the interface of the α-β tubulin heterodimer. Further, indirubin stabilized the binding of colchicine on tubulin and promoted the cysteine residue modification by 5,5'-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid, indicating towards alteration of tubulin conformation upon binding. In addition, we found that indirubin synergistically enhanced the anti-mitotic and anti-proliferative activity of vinblastine, a known microtubule-targeted agent. Collectively our studies indicate that perturbation of microtubule polymerization dynamics could be one of the possible mechanisms behind the anti-cancer activities of indirubin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Mohan
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Darpan Raghav
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Shabeeba M Ashraf
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Jomon Sebastian
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Krishnan Rathinasamy
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mallick S, Barua A, Paul G, Banerjee SN. Novel combination of 2-methoxyestradiol and cyclophosphamide enhances the antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic effects on S-180 ascitic tumour cells. J Cell Commun Signal 2018; 12:467-478. [PMID: 28795302 PMCID: PMC5910319 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoma 180 (S-180) tumour cell line is a stable murine tumour cell line with 98-99% stumour takes capacity in Swiss albino mouse - Mus musculus. 2 Methoxyestradiol (2ME) - a promising anti-neoplastic and anti-angiogenic agent, showed toxicity to host body in higher concentration. Cyclophosphamide (CP), the anti-neoplastic agent has long been used as a chemotherapeutic drug for treatment of different cancers. Our studies have shown that the combination effect of 2ME and CP on S-180 tumour cell line is anti-proliferative and less toxic. The treatment with lower concentrations of 2ME and CP (6.5 mg 2ME/kg body weight + 75 mg CP/kg body weight) antagonistically increased the life span of tumour bearing mice and synergistically inhibited the viable cell population. 2ME or CP treatment individually induces G2/M arrest. The combination treatment of 2ME + CP (6.5 mg 2ME/kg body weight + 75 mg CP/kg body weight) produced a significant increase of cells in the G0 which is the indication of cell arrest or apoptosis. Reduction of cell viability by 2ME + CP treatments is due to apoptotic cell death. This combination therapy produced a significant inhibitory effect of cell proliferation and augmentation of cell accumulation in the G0 phase (i.e. apoptosis). Apoptosis is validated by Fluorescence staining of control and treated S-180 tumour cells with Acridine Orange and EtBr dye. Moreover, a steady increase in the frequency of complex chromosomal aberrations (i.e. tri-, qudri-radial translocations) in tumour cells was noted in that particular concentration of combination therapy treated series along with the increase in dead cell frequency and tumour regression pattern. It is assumed that, these chromosomal abnormalities or damages recorded in higher frequency prevent the affected metaphases to enter into the next cell cycle through apoptosis or necrosis. This study introduces a novel combination, where this particular concentration of 2ME + CP (i.e. 6.5 mg 2ME/kg body weight + 75 mg CP/kg body weight) not only enhanced the life span of tumour bearing mouse and decreased the tumour volume antagonistically but also inhibited the viable cell population synergistically, which could serve as a potential effective regimen for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srabantika Mallick
- Department of Zoology, Rammohan College, 102/1 Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Atish Barua
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700026, India
| | - Goutam Paul
- Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sakalli S, Burkina V, Pilipenko N, Zlabek V, Zamaratskaia G. In vitro effects of diosmin, naringenin, quercetin and indole-3-carbinol on fish hepatic CYP1A1 in the presence of clotrimazole and dexamethasone. Chemosphere 2018; 192:105-112. [PMID: 29100118 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are widely present in fruits, vegetables and other plants and have great health benefits owing to their antioxidant properties. They are naturally found in the aquatic environment as well as discharged from sewage treatment plants after their large consumption. Little is known about their impact on fish; particularly in light of their interactions with pharmaceuticals. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the effects of diosmin, naringenin, quercetin and idole-3-carbinol on CYP1A-dependent 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity on rainbow trout hepatic microsomes in the presence of two pharmaceuticals: clotrimazole and dexamethasone. The interactions between the phytochemicals and pharmaceuticals used in this study were determined using a combination index. Hepatic microsomes were exposed to two concentrations (1-or 50 μM) of phytochemicals and pharmaceuticals separately and in combinations. Singly, clotrimazole inhibited EROD activity 40% and 90% of control, while dexamethasone did not. Naringenin and diosmin inhibited EROD activity alone up to 90% and 55% respectively, but activities were further inhibited in the presence of either pharmaceutical. The preliminary study of combinations of clotrimazole with phytochemicals primarily showed synergistic effects. While EROD activity was not inhibited in the presence of quercetin or indole-3-carbinol, significant and synergistic inhibition was detected when either of these was combined with clotrimazole or dexamethasone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sidika Sakalli
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic.
| | - Viktoriia Burkina
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Nadezhda Pilipenko
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Zlabek
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Galia Zamaratskaia
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic; Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Uwizeyimana H, Wang M, Chen W, Khan K. Ecotoxicological effects of binary mixtures of siduron and Cd on mRNA expression in the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Sci Total Environ 2018; 610-611:657-665. [PMID: 28822934 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the eco-toxicological responses of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) exposed to combined siduron (herbicide) and cadmium (Cd). Eisenia fetida gene expressions including metallothionein (MT) and heat shock protein70 (Hsp70) were analyzed using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction after individual and combined siduron (0.90, 1.80, 3.60 and 7.20μgcm-2) and Cd (0.225, 0.45, 0.90 and 1.80μgcm-2) sublethal exposures. Where, the nature of the toxicological interactions between siduron and Cd in inducing or suppressing MT and Hsp70 expression was determined by applying the Combination index (CI)-isobologram model. The results revealed significant variations in MT and weak changes in Hsp70 expression when the earthworms were exposed to individual Cd. The individual siduron exposure exhibited a significant down-regulation (p<0.01) in MT during all treatments and in Hsp70 expression only at 7.20μgcm-2 concentration; while the mixtures of siduron and Cd exposures resulted a significant down regulation (p<0.05) in both MT and Hsp70 expressions. Moreover, the combined siduron and Cd exposure revealed nearly additive effect (CI=1) at the lower effect levels and significant synergistic effect (CI<1) at the higher effect levels for both MT and Hsp70 expression. The synergistic effects of combined siduron and Cd suggest that there might be a potential risk connected to the co-occurrence of these chemicals in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Herman Uwizeyimana
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Meie Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Weiping Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China.
| | - Kifayatullah Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Swat 19130, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Holland-Letz T, Gunkel N, Amtmann E, Kopp-Schneider A. Parametric modeling and optimal experimental designs for estimating isobolograms for drug interactions in toxicology. J Biopharm Stat 2017; 28:763-777. [PMID: 29173022 DOI: 10.1080/10543406.2017.1397005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In toxicology and related areas, interaction effects between two substances are commonly expressed through a combination index [Formula: see text] evaluated separately at different effect levels and mixture ratios. Often, these indices are combined into a graphical representation, the isobologram. Instead of estimating the combination indices at the experimental mixture ratios only, we propose a simple parametric model for estimating the underlying interaction function. We integrate this approach into a joint model where both the parameters of the dose-response functions of the singular substances and the interaction parameters can be estimated simultaneously. As an additional benefit, this concept allows to determine optimal statistical designs for combination studies optimizing the estimation of the interaction function as a whole. From an optimal design perspective, finding the interaction parameters generally corresponds to a [Formula: see text]-optimality resp. [Formula: see text]-optimality design problem, while estimation of all underlying dose response parameters corresponds to a [Formula: see text]-optimality design problem. We show how optimal designs can be obtained in either case as well as how combination designs providing reasonable performance in regard to both criteria can be determined by putting a constraint on the efficiency in regard to one of the criteria and optimizing for the other. As all designs require prior information about model parameter values, which may be unreliable in practice, the effect of misspecifications is investigated as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Holland-Letz
- a Division of Biostatistics , German Cancer Research Center , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Nikolas Gunkel
- b Division of Cancer Drug Development , German Cancer Research Center , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Eberhard Amtmann
- b Division of Cancer Drug Development , German Cancer Research Center , Heidelberg , Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tran BN, Nguyen HT, Kim JO, Yong CS, Nguyen CN. Combination of a chemopreventive agent and paclitaxel in CD44-targeted hybrid nanoparticles for breast cancer treatment. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:1420-32. [PMID: 29027133 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0968-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The CD44 receptor, which is upregulated in many cancer cells, provides a selective cellular surface for targeted drug delivery systems. We developed a hybrid nanocarrier for the CD44-targeted delivery of ibuprofen (IBU) and paclitaxel (PTX). The solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were prepared by a hot-melt oil/water emulsion technique and then coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) by electrostatic interactions. The final SLN were spherical with a hydrodynamic diameter (Z) of 72.16 ± 2.9 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.276 ± 0.009, and zeta potential (ZP) of 28.20 ± 0.69 mV. Similarly, SLN coated with HA (SLN-HA) exhibited acceptable physical properties (Z 169.3 ± 0.55 nm, PDI 0.285 ± 0.004, and ZP - 10.5 ± 0.15 mV). Cell viability assays showed that the combination of IBU, a chemopreventive agent, and PTX exerted a synergistic inhibitory effect on the proliferation of cancer cells (CI < 1.0). Additionally, our observations indicated that both SLN and SLN-HA enhanced apoptosis and cellular uptake compared to the cocktail of free drugs. HA indicated its affinity for cancer cells through the improvement of cellular uptake and induction of apoptosis. These results clearly indicated that these nanoparticle systems hold great promise for drug delivery in breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
38
|
Anastasiadi M, Lambert RJW. Modelling the effect of combined antimicrobials: A base model for multiple-hurdles. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 252:10-17. [PMID: 28436829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Combining antimicrobials to reduce microbial growth and to combat the potential impact of antimicrobial resistance is an important subject both in foods and in pharmaceutics. Modelling of combined treatments designed to reduce or eliminate microbial contamination in foods (microbiological predictive modelling) has become commonplace. Two main reference models are used to analyse mixtures: the Bliss Independence and the Loewe reference models (LRM). By using optical density to analyse the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila, Cronobacter sakazakii and Escherichia coli in combined NaCl/NaCl (a mock combination experiment) and combined NaCl/KCl experiments, previous models for combined antimicrobials in foods, based on the Bliss approach, were shown to be inconsistent and that models based on the LRM more applicable. The LRM was shown, however, to be valid only in the specific cases where the concentration exponents of all components in a mixture were identical. This is assured for a mock combination experiment but not for a true mixture. This, essentially, invalidates the LRM as a general reference model. A new model, based on the LRM but allowing for mixed exponents, was used to analyse the combined inhibition data, and concluded that the NaCl/KCl system gave the additive effect expected from literature studies. This study suggests the need to revise current models used to analyse combined effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - R J W Lambert
- Dept. Life Sciences Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Di Nica V, Villa S, Finizio A. Toxicity of individual pharmaceuticals and their mixtures to Aliivibrio fischeri: Evidence of toxicological interactions in binary combinations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017; 36:815-822. [PMID: 27862218 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The combined toxicities of binary mixtures of veterinary pharmaceutical active compounds were examined using the bioluminescent bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri as a test organism (Microtox® test). Mixtures were prepared at an equitoxic ratio that corresponded to the inhibitory concentration, 10% (IC10) of individual pharmaceutical active compounds. In addition, the toxicity was determined of a multicomponent mixture that contained all of the investigated pharmaceutical active compounds mixed at a ratio corresponding to their individual predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) values. The experimental results were successively compared with those obtained by applying the 2 most widely used models for predicting mixture toxicity, the concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) models. Although the toxicity of the multicomponent mixture tested was well predicted by the CA and IA models, deviations from the model predictions were found for almost all of the binary mixtures. The deviations from the CA and IA models were greater at lower concentrations, particularly when diclofenac sodium and amoxicillin were present in the mixture. Based on these results, another hypothesis was tested, that of toxicological interactions occurring in binary mixtures (in the direction of synergistic or antagonistic effects), by applying the combination index method, which allowed for computerized quantification of synergism, the additive effect and antagonism. The application of this method confirmed, for at least half of the binary combinations, the clear presence of synergistic deviations at the lowest tested concentrations, with a tendency toward antagonism at the higher ones. In 1 case, a relevant antagonistic interaction was observed. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:815-822. © 2016 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Di Nica
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Villa
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Finizio
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ma M, Pi F, Wang J, Ji J, Sun X. New insights into cytotoxicity induced by microcystin-LR, estradiol, and ractopamine with mathematical models: Individual and combined effects. Chemosphere 2017; 168:223-233. [PMID: 27783963 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Humans are most likely to be exposed to microcystins (MCs) combined with other water pollutants rather than to individual compounds through the consumption of contaminated drinking water or through recreational activities, such as swimming. However, the combined effects of MC-LR, estradiol (EST), and ractopamine (RAC) have not been extensively researched. The goal of this study was to investigate the combined effects of these compounds. For this purpose, cytotoxicity was evaluated in HepG2 cells treated with single or combined doses of MC-LR, EST, and RAC based on concentration addition (CA), independent action (IA), and Chou-Talalay's combination-index (CI) methods. Singly applied MC-LR and EST induced HepG2 cellular proliferation at low-concentration levels (1 × 10-12-1 × 10-9 M), and decreased viability at higher doses of exposure (1 × 10-9-1 × 10-6 M). Exposure to binary or ternary mixtures of MC-LR, EST, and RAC exhibited synergistic effects at high concentrations, irrespective of the models used. In contrast, antagonism was observed for the mixture of MC-LR and EST at relatively low concentrations. A synergistic effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was observed for the combined drugs at high concentrations. Additionally, the ratio of apoptotic cells was increased more by the combined drugs than the single drugs, consistent with the inhibition of cell viability. The ROS increase after treatment with the combined drugs may enhance cytotoxicity and subsequently lead to cell apoptosis. Given the interactions between MC-LR, EST, and RAC, government regulatory standards for MC-LR should consider the toxicological interactions between MC-LR and other environment pollutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control of Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control of Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jiasheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control of Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Department of Environmental Health Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Jian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control of Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control of Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Uwizeyimana H, Wang M, Chen W. Evaluation of combined noxious effects of siduron and cadmium on the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:5349-5359. [PMID: 28013463 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contaminants do not often occur as individual chemicals but rather in complex mixtures whose joint effects can create a strong toxicity to surrounding organisms. To determine the combined harmful effects of siduron (herbicide) and cadmium (heavy metal) toward Eisenia fetida earthworms, samples of worm's coelomocytes were subjected to siduron and cadmium (Cd) at sublethal concentrations (lower than LC50)-siduron 0, 0.8, 2.4, and 7.2 μg cm-2 Cd 0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 μg cm-2 in filter paper contact assay, both as individual compounds and combinations. The CI-isobologram model was utilized to reveal the types of toxicological interactions between siduron and cadmium in inducing DNA damage toward earthworms. The results indicated that tail DNA percentage (TDNA %) at individual siduron and cadmium concentrations (with the exception of the lowest concentration of Cd 0.04 μgcm -2) were highly significant compared to those of the control (p < 0.01). Tail moments (TM) at individual Cd concentrations (0.8 and 1.6 μg cm -2) were highly significant compared to those of the control (p < 0.05), while the increase of TM for individual siduron was only significant (p < 0.05) at 7.2 μg cm -2 which is the highest dose/concentration of siduron used in this study. The combinations of siduron and Cd indicated a significant synergism (CI < 1) at the lower effect levels and a significant antagonism (CI > 1) at the higher effect levels. The synergistic effect for a particular combination of chemicals suggests that there might be a possible risk connected to the coincidence of these chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Herman Uwizeyimana
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Meie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhao J, Bader AG. Evaluating Synergistic Effects of miR-34a Mimics in Combination with Other Therapeutic Agents in Cultured Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1517:115-126. [PMID: 27924478 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6563-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumor suppressor miRNAs such as miR-34a inhibit tumor growth by simultaneously regulating the expression of multiple important oncogenes across multiple oncogenic pathways and, therefore, provide a strong rationale for developing therapeutic miRNA mimics in combination with other therapeutic cancer agents to augment drug sensitivity. Here, we describe the experimental approach for evaluating miRNA and drug combinations using the "fixed ratio" method in cultured non-small cell lung cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Zhao
- Mirna Therapeutics, Inc., 2150 Woodward Street, Suite 100, Austin, TX, 78744, USA
| | - Andreas G Bader
- Mirna Therapeutics, Inc., 2150 Woodward Street, Suite 100, Austin, TX, 78744, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ito H, Ichiyanagi O, Naito S, Bilim VN, Tomita Y, Kato T, Nagaoka A, Tsuchiya N. GSK-3 directly regulates phospho-4EBP1 in renal cell carcinoma cell-line: an intrinsic subcellular mechanism for resistance to mTORC1 inhibition. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:393. [PMID: 27387559 PMCID: PMC4936323 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway is aberrantly activated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We previously demonstrated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) positively regulated RCC proliferation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of GSK-3 in the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway and regulation of the downstream substrates, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1), ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K), and ribosomal protein S6 (S6RP). Methods We used human RCC cell lines (ACHN, Caki1, and A498) and, as normal controls, human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell (HRPTEpC) and non-tumorous kidney tissues that were obtained surgically for treatment of RCC patients. Rapamycin-resistant ACHN (ACHN/RR) cells were generated with chronic exposure of ACHN to rapamycin ranging from 1nM finally to 1 μM. Cell viability, cell cycling and direct interaction between GSK-3β and 4EBP1 were evaluated with MTS assay, flowcytometry and in vitro kinase assay with recombinant GSK-3β and 4EBP1products, respectively. Protein expression and phosphorylation of molecules associated with the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway were examined by immunoblotting. Effects of drug combination were determined as the combination index with CompuSyn software. Results Overexpression and phosphorylation of 4EBP1 and S6RP together with GSK-3 activation were observed in RCC cell lines, but not in human normal kidney cells and tissues. Cell proliferation, p4EBP1 and pS6RP were strongly suppressed by GSK-3 inhibition. Rapamycin and LY294002 sufficiently decreased pS6RP, but only moderately p4EBP1. In vitro kinase assays showed that recombinant GSK-3β phosphorylated recombinant 4EBP1, and the effect was blocked by GSK-3 inhibitors. Different from rapamycin, AR- A014418 remarkably inhibited cell proliferation, and rapidly suppressed p4EBP1 and pS6RP in ACHN and ACHN/RR (in 30 min to 1 h). AR- A014418 and rapamycin combination showed additivity at lower concentrations, but antagonism at higher concentrations. Conclusions GSK-3β could directly phosphorylate 4EBP1 and activate the mTORC1 downstream signaling cascades to enhance protein biosynthesis and cell proliferation in RCC cell lines independent of rapamycin sensitivity. The direct GSK-3β/4EBP1 pathway might be an important subcellular mechanism as an inherent equipment for RCC cells to acquire clinical chemoresistance to mTORC1 inhibitors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2418-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Ito
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan.
| | - Osamu Ichiyanagi
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Sei Naito
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Vladimir N Bilim
- Division of Urology, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tomita
- Division of Urology, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kato
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Akira Nagaoka
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Norihiko Tsuchiya
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kim SH, Kang JG, Kim CS, Ihm SH, Choi MG, Yoo HJ, Lee SJ. Synergistic cytotoxicity of BIIB021 with triptolide through suppression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF-κB signal pathways in thyroid carcinoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:22-32. [PMID: 27470546 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The effec.t of BIIB021, a novel heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) inhibitor, on survival of thyroid carcinoma cells has not been evaluated. In this study, the impact of BIIB021 alone or in combination with the histone acetyltransferase inhibitor triptolide on survival of thyroid carcinoma cells was identified. In 8505C and TPC-1 thyroid carcinoma cells, BIIB021 caused cell death in conjunction with alterations in expression of hsp90 client proteins. Cotreatment of both BIIB021 and triptolide, compared with treatment of BIIB021 alone, decreased cell viability, and increased the percentage of dead cells and cytotoxic activity. All of the combination index values were lower than 1.0, suggesting synergistic activity of BIIB021 with triptolide in induction of cytotoxicity. In treatment of both BIIB021 and triptolide, compared with treatment of BIIB021 alone, the protein levels of total and phospho-p53, and cleaved caspase-3 were elevated, while those of total Akt, phospho-mTOR, phospho-4EBP1, phospho-S6K, phospho-NF-κB, survivin, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (xIAP), cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein (cIAP) and acetyl. histone H4 were reduced. These results suggest that BIIB021 has a cytotoxic activity accompanied by regulation of hsp90 client proteins in thyroid carcinoma cells. Moreover, the synergism between BIIB021 and triptolide in induction of cytotoxicity is associated with the inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF-κB signal pathways, the underexpression of survivin and the activation of DNA damage response in thyroid carcinoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Hyoung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Goo Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Sik Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Ihm
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Gi Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chen C, Wang Y, Qian Y, Zhao X, Wang Q. The synergistic toxicity of the multiple chemical mixtures: implications for risk assessment in the terrestrial environment. Environ Int 2015; 77:95-105. [PMID: 25667058 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The combined toxicity of five insecticides (chlorpyrifos, avermectin, imidacloprid, λ-cyhalothrin, and phoxim), two herbicides (atrazine and butachlor) and a heavy metal (cadmium) has been examined with the earthworm acute toxicity test. Toxicological interactions of these chemicals in four, five, six, seven, and eight-component mixtures were studied using the combination-index (CI) equation method. In four-component and five-component mixtures, the synergistic effects predominated at lower effect levels, while the patterns of interactions found in six, seven, and eight-component mixtures displayed synergism. The λ-CY+IMI+BUT+ATR+CPF+PHO combination displayed the most strongly synergistic interaction, with CI values ranging from 0.09 to 0.15. The nature of the interaction changes with the effect level and the relevance of synergistic effects increase with the complexity of the mixture. The CI method was compared with the classical models of concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) and we found that the CI method could accurately predict the combined toxicity. The predicted synergism resulted from co-existence of the pesticides and the heavy metal especially at low effect levels may have important implications in risk assessment for the real terrestrial environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yongzhong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xueping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang Y, Chen C, Qian Y, Zhao X, Wang Q. Ternary toxicological interactions of insecticides, herbicides, and a heavy metal on the earthworm Eisenia fetida. J Hazard Mater 2015; 284:233-240. [PMID: 25463238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The combined toxicities of five insecticides (chlorpyrifos, avermectin, imidacloprid, λ-cyhalothrin, and phoxim), two herbicides (atrazine and butachlor), and a heavy metal (cadmium) have been examined using the acute toxicity test on the earthworm. With a concentration of 2.75 mg/kg being lethal for 50% of the organisms, imidacloprid exhibited the highest acute toxicity toward the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Toxicological interactions of these chemicals in ternary mixtures were studied using the combination-index (CI) equation method. Twenty-one ternary mixtures exhibited various interactive effects, in which 11 combinations showed synergistic effects, four led to dual synergistic/additive behaviors, one exhibited an additive effect, and five showed increasing antagonism within the entire range of effects. The CI method was compared with the classical models of concentration addition and independent action, and it was found that the CI method could accurately predict combined toxicity of the chemicals studied. The predicted synergism in the majority of the mixtures, especially at low-effect levels, might have implications in the real terrestrial environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongzhong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xueping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang Y, Chen C, Qian Y, Zhao X, Wang Q, Kong X. Toxicity of mixtures of λ-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid and cadmium on the earthworm Eisenia fetida by combination index (CI)-isobologram method. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 111:242-247. [PMID: 25450940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants in the environment do not appear singly and usually occur as mixtures. We applied the combination index (CI)-isobologram method which allows computerized quantitation of synergism, additive effect and antagonism to determine the nature of toxicological interactions of two pesticides λ-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, and heavy metal cadmium towards earthworm Eisenia fetida. In an artificial soil test, λ-cyhalothrin and Cd combination was slightly synergistic at low effect levels which turned into a slight antagonism above f(a) values of 0.6, while the binary mixtures containing imidacloprid exhibited antagonism. The presence of imidacloprid in the ternary mixture also resulted in an antagonistic effect to the earthworms. This behavior became more antagonistic in the ternary mixture in filter paper tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongzhong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xueping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Xiangzhen Kong
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Deng Y, Ng ESK, Kwan YW, Lau CBS, Cheung DWS, Koon JCM, Zhang Z, Zuo Z, Leung PC, Fung KP, Lam FFY. Cerebral vasodilator properties of Danshen and Gegen: a study of their combined efficacy and mechanisms of actions. Phytomedicine 2014; 21:391-399. [PMID: 24192211 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Danshen and Gegen are two commonly used Chinese herbal medicines for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the combination effects of these two herbs on cerebral vascular tone and their underlying mechanisms of actions. Basilar artery rings were obtained from rats and precontracted with U46619. Cumulative administrations of aqueous extracts of Danshen, Gegen, or the two herbs combined (DG; ratio 7:3) produced concentration-dependent relaxation of the artery rings. Statistical analysis on these findings produced a combination index (CI) of 1.041 at ED50, which indicates the two herbs produced additive vasodilator effects when used as a combined decoction. Removal of the endothelium had no effect on the vasodilator properties of Danshen, Gegen, and DG. However, their maximum effects (Imax) were significantly blunted by a KATP channel inhibitor glibenclamide, a non-selective K(+) channel inhibitor tetraethylammonium (TEA), and by a combination of K(+) channel inhibitors (glibenclamide+TEA+iberiotoxin+4-aminopyridine+barium chloride). In addition, Danshen, Gegen, and DG produced augmentation of KATP currents and inhibited Ca(2+) influx in vascular smooth muscle cells isolated from rat basilar arteries. Furthermore, these agents inhibited CaCl2-induced contraction in the artery rings. In conclusion, the present study showed that Danshen and Gegen produced additive vasodilator effects on rat cerebral basilar arteries. These effects were independent of endothelium-derived relaxant factors (EDRF), but required the opening of KATP channels and inhibition of Ca(2+) influx in the vascular smooth muscle cells. It is suspected that the cerebral vasodilator effects of Danshen and Gegen produced either on their own or in combination, can help patients with obstructive cerebrovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Deng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - E S K Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Y W Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - C B S Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - D W S Cheung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - J C M Koon
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Z Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Z Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - P C Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - K P Fung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - F F Y Lam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| |
Collapse
|