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Saed GM. Is there a link between talcum powder, oxidative stress, and ovarian cancer risk? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024; 24:485-491. [PMID: 38712572 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2352506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The link between talcum powder use and cancer, particularly ovarian cancer, has been a topic of scientific research and legal debate for several years. Studies have suggested a potential association between long-term talcum powder use in the genital area and an increased risk of ovarian cancer. AREAS COVERED The following report includes up-to-date evidence to support the potential link between talcum powder use and the risk of developing ovarian cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer, which is part of the World Health Organization, classified talc-based body powder as possibly carcinogenic to humans when used in the female genital area. However, other studies have not consistently supported this association, and thus more research is needed to establish a clear and definitive link between talcum powder use and cancer. Despite this, recent molecular-level data have linked talc to alterations in redox balance, gene mutations, and inflammatory responses. Specifically, we have identified a role for talc to induce the pro-oxidant state, inhibit apoptosis, and more importantly induced cellular transformation in normal ovarian cells. EXPERT OPINION We presented unequivocal evidence to support our opinion that talc is not biologically inert and induces molecular changes that mimic the hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan M Saed
- C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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Zhu T, Lin Z, Tang X, Liu J, Zhang Y, Zhong X. Programmable activation of berbamine and photosensitizers for enhanced photodynamic therapy using emission-switchable upconversion nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2024; 659:124202. [PMID: 38705247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows great potential in precision tumor treatment. However, its efficacy is inhibited by the antioxidant defense capacities of tumor cells. To address this challenge, a near-infrared light-controlled nanosystem (UCNPs@mSiO2@Azo@ZnPc&BBM, PB@UA) was developed using emission-switchable upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to independently and precisely control the release of berbamine (BBM) and activation of photosensitizer for enhanced PDT in deep tissues. Firstly, BBM release was triggered by exciting PB@UA at 980 nm. The BBM could inhibit the activities of antioxidant enzymes and disrupt calcium ion regulation, making the tumor cells more susceptible to ROS-induced cell death in the following PDT treatment. The PDT was initiated by irradiating the photosensitizers of ZnPc on PB@UA at 808 nm and achieved a tumor inhibition rate of 80.91 % in vivo, which is significantly higher than that of unique PDT (31.78 %) or BBM (11.29 %) treatment and demonstrates the potential of our strategy for improved cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhiyuan Lin
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jinliang Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Zhong
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Patil D, Raut S, Joshi M, Bhatt P, Bhatt LK. PAQR4 oncogene: a novel target for cancer therapy. Med Oncol 2024; 41:161. [PMID: 38767705 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02382-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Despite decades of basic and clinical research and trials of promising new therapies, cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to the emergence of drug resistance to anticancer drugs. These resistance events have a very well-understood underlying mechanism, and their therapeutic relevance has long been recognized. Thus, drug resistance continues to be a major obstacle to providing cancer patients with the intended "cure". PAQR4 (Progestin and AdipoQ Receptor Family Member 4) gene is a recently identified novel protein-coding gene associated with various human cancers and acts through different signaling pathways. PAQR4 has a significant influence on multiple proteins that may regulate various gene expressions and may develop chemoresistance. This review discusses the roles of PAQR4 in tumor immunity, carcinogenesis, and chemoresistance. This paper is the first review, discussing PAQR4 in the pathogenesis of cancer. The review further explores the PAQR4 as a potential target in various malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Swapnil Raut
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Mitesh Joshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be University), Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Purvi Bhatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be University), Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India.
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Azumi M, Kusama K, Yoshie M, Nakano S, Tsuru A, Kato T, Tamura K. Involvement of ferroptosis in eribulin-induced cytotoxicity in ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 971:176544. [PMID: 38552939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a unique clinicopathological subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer that is resistant to standard chemotherapy. Eribulin, a microtubule dynamics inhibitor of halichondrin class, has unique effects in the cancer microenvironment such as induction of epithelization and reduction in metastatic potential in breast cancer cells; however, nothing is known about the effect of eribulin and the detailed mechanisms in OCCC. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of ferroptosis and its mechanism in the antitumor activity of eribulin in OCCC cells and a mouse xenograft model. We found that eribulin-induced cell death was reduced by ferroptosis inhibitors; deferoxamine, an iron chelator and ferrostatin-1, a lipid peroxidation inhibitor. Eribulin increased the levels of intracellular iron, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid peroxides, and increased the mitochondrial membrane potential. Eribulin downregulated the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the mitochondrial enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The combination of eribulin and ML210, a glutathione peroxidase 4-inhibiting ferroptosis inducer, had a synergistic effect on ferroptosis. Taken together, our findings show firstly that eribulin triggers ferroptosis in OCCC and this effect occurs via the suppression of the Nrf2-HO-1 signaling pathway, SOD activity and the promotion of lipid peroxidation. These findings suggest that eribulin-induced ferroptosis is associated with its anti-tumor effect and also could be a potential therapeutic target in OCCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Azumi
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Kusama
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Yoshie
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Saya Nakano
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Atsuya Tsuru
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Kato
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tamura
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
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Xin X, Liu J, Liu X, Xin Y, Hou Y, Xiang X, Deng Y, Yang B, Yu W. Melatonin-Derived Carbon Dots with Free Radical Scavenging Property for Effective Periodontitis Treatment via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8307-8324. [PMID: 38437643 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease closely associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) involvement. Eliminating ROS to control the periodontal microenvironment and alleviate the inflammatory response could potentially serve as an efficacious therapy for periodontitis. Melatonin (MT), renowned for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics, is frequently employed as an ROS scavenger in inflammatory diseases. However, the therapeutic efficacy of MT remains unsatisfactory due to the low water solubility and poor bioavailability. Carbon dots have emerged as a promising and innovative nanomaterial with facile synthesis, environmental friendliness, and low cost. In this study, melatonin-derived carbon dots (MT-CDs) were successfully synthesized via the hydrothermal method. The MT-CDs have good water solubility and biocompatibility and feature excellent ROS-scavenging capacity without additional modification. The in vitro experiments proved that MT-CDs efficiently regulated intracellular ROS, which maintained mitochondrial homeostasis and suppressed the production of inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, findings from the mouse model of periodontitis indicated that MT-CDs significantly inhibited the deterioration of alveolar bone and reduced osteoclast activation and inflammation, thereby contributing to the regeneration of damaged tissue. In terms of the mechanism, MT-CDs may scavenge ROS, thereby preventing cellular damage and the production of inflammatory factors by regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway. The findings will offer a vital understanding of the advancement of secure and effective ROS-scavenging platforms for more biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Xin
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Junjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
- Department of Hand and Podiatric Surgery, Orthopedics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130031, P. R. China
| | - Xinchan Liu
- VIP Integrated Department of Stomatological Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xin
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Yubo Hou
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Xingchen Xiang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Weixian Yu
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
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Zhou X, Wang X, Li J, Zhang M, Yang Y, Lei S, He Y, Yang H, Zhou D, Guo C. Integrated Network Pharmacology and in vivo Experimental Validation Approach to Explore the Potential Antioxidant Effects of Annao Pingchong Decoction in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:699-717. [PMID: 38465266 PMCID: PMC10922012 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s439873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Annao Pingchong decoction (ANPCD) is a traditional Chinese decoction which has definite effects on treating intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) validated through clinical and experimental studies. However, the impact of ANPCD on oxidative stress (OS) after ICH remains unclear and is worth further investigating. Aim To investigate whether the therapeutic effects of ANPCD on ICH are related to alleviating OS damage and seek potential targets for its antioxidant effects. Materials and Methods The therapeutic candidate genes of ANPCD on ICH were identified through a comparison of the target genes of ANPCD, target genes of ICH and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and functional enrichment analysis were combined with targets-related literature to select suitable antioxidant targets. The affinity between ANPCD and the selected target was verified using macromolecular docking. Subsequently, the effects of ANPCD on OS and the selected target were further investigated through in vivo experiments. Results Forty-eight candidate genes were screened, in which silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is one of the core genes that has antioxidant effects and ICH significantly affected its expression. The good affinity between 6 compounds of ANPCD and SIRT1 was also demonstrated by macromolecular docking. The results of in vivo experiments demonstrated that ANPCD significantly decreased modified neurological severity scoring (mNSS) scores and serum MDA and 8-OHdG content in ICH rats, while significantly increasing serum SOD and CAT activity, complicated with the up-regulation of ANPCD on SIRT1, FOXO1, PGC-1α and Nrf2. Furthermore, ANPCD significantly decreased the apoptosis rate and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (P53, cytochrome c and caspase-3). Conclusion ANPCD alleviates OS damage and apoptosis after ICH in rats. As a potential therapeutic target, SIRT1 can be effectively regulated by ANPCD, as are its downstream proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqing Zhou
- Experiment Center of Medical Innovation, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Wang
- Experiment Center of Medical Innovation, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengxue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Experiment Center of Medical Innovation, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shihui Lei
- Experiment Center of Medical Innovation, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying He
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, People’s Republic of China
| | - Desheng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Guo
- Experiment Center of Medical Innovation, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
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Fan C, Yuan S, Zhang Y, Nie Y, Xiang L, Luo T, Xi Q, Zhang Y, Gu Z, Wang P, Zhou H. Peroxiredoxin-1 as a molecular chaperone that regulates glutathione S-transferase P1 activity and drives mutidrug resistance in ovarian cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 37:101639. [PMID: 38288281 PMCID: PMC10823101 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is among the most prevalent gynecological malignancies around the globe. Nonetheless, chemoresistance continues to be one of the greatest obstacles in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of chemoresistance and identifying new treatment options for ovarian cancer patients is urgently required. In this study, we found that the mRNA and protein expression levels of PRDX1 were significantly increased in cisplatin resistant A2780/CDDP cells. Cell survival assays revealed that PRDX1 depletion substantially increased ovarian cancer cell sensitivity to cisplatin, docetaxel, and doxorubicin. Additionally, PRDX1 significantly increased GSTP1 activity, resulting in multidrug resistance. Biochemical experiments showed that PRDX1 interacted with GSTP1 through Cysteine 83, which regulated GSTP1 activity as well as chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer cells. Our findings indicate that the molecular chaperone activity of PRDX1 is a promising new therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengling Fan
- Baoying Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, 118 Anyi East Road, Baoying County, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shubin Yuan
- Jiangsu Yinfeng Science and Technology Association, No. 7, Yongfeng Avenue, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuemei Zhang
- Baoying Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, 118 Anyi East Road, Baoying County, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yinmei Nie
- Baoying Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, 118 Anyi East Road, Baoying County, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Baoying Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, 118 Anyi East Road, Baoying County, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tianchao Luo
- Baoying Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, 118 Anyi East Road, Baoying County, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qi Xi
- Jiangsu Yinfeng Science and Technology Association, No. 7, Yongfeng Avenue, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Jiangsu Yinfeng Science and Technology Association, No. 7, Yongfeng Avenue, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixiang Gu
- Jiangsu Yinfeng Science and Technology Association, No. 7, Yongfeng Avenue, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Jiangsu Yinfeng Science and Technology Association, No. 7, Yongfeng Avenue, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxia Zhou
- Baoying Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, 118 Anyi East Road, Baoying County, Yangzhou, China
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Yaylim İ, Aru M, Farooqi AA, Hakan MT, Buttari B, Arese M, Saso L. Regulation of Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in cancer drug resistance by galectin-1: cellular and molecular implications. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2024; 7:8. [PMID: 38434765 PMCID: PMC10905161 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is characterized by the deregulation of the redox state in the cells, which plays a role in the initiation of various types of cancers. The activity of galectin-1 (Gal-1) depends on the cell redox state and the redox state of the microenvironment. Gal-1 expression has been related to many different tumor types, as it plays important roles in several processes involved in cancer progression, such as apoptosis, cell migration, adhesion, and immune response. The erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) signaling pathway is a crucial mechanism involved in both cell survival and cell defense against oxidative stress. In this review, we delve into the cellular and molecular roles played by Gal-1 in the context of oxidative stress onset in cancer cells, particularly focusing on its involvement in activating the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. The emerging evidence concerning the anti-apoptotic effect of Gal-1, together with its ability to sustain the activation of the Nrf2 pathway in counteracting oxidative stress, supports the role of Gal-1 in the promotion of tumor cells proliferation, immuno-suppression, and anti-tumor drug resistance, thus highlighting that the inhibition of Gal-1 emerges as a potential strategy for the restraint and regression of tumor progression. Overall, a deeper understanding of the multi-functionality and disease-specific expression profiling of Gal-1 will be crucial for the design and development of novel Gal-1 inhibitors as anticancer agents. Excitingly, although it is still understudied, the ever-growing knowledge of the sophisticated interplay between Gal-1 and Nrf2/Keap1 will enable researchers to gain valuable insights into the underlying causes of carcinogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlhan Yaylim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34280, Turkiye
| | - Melek Aru
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34280, Turkiye
- Department of Medical Education, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul 34396, Turkiye
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mehmet Tolgahan Hakan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34280, Turkiye
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Marzia Arese
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University, Rome 00185, Italy
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Zakeri S, Rahimi Z, Rezvani N, Vaisi-Raygani A, Alibakhshi R, Zakeri S, Yari K. The influence of Nrf2 gene promoter methylation on gene expression and oxidative stress parameters in preeclampsia. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:64. [PMID: 38419047 PMCID: PMC10903067 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01791-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious medical condition that usually causes high blood pressure and affects multiple organs. Considering the adverse effect of oxidative stress on the process of PE in pregnant women and regarding the role of the Nrf2 gene in placental oxidative pathways, this study was conducted to investigate the DNA methylation status of Nrf2 in PE and healthy pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present case-control study consisted of 70 PE and 70 healthy pregnant women. Blood and placenta samples were taken from all subjects, and the percentage of the Nrf2 gene methylation in the samples was assessed by the Methyl Light PCR method. Also, the Nrf2 gene expression was evaluated by real-time PCR. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative status (TOS) were measured by the colorimetric method. RESULTS In PE women, there was a significant increase in blood pressure, term of pregnancy, and BMI. In addition, there were enhanced Nrf2 DNA methylation percentage in placenta tissue and increased TOS levels in placenta tissue and blood compared to healthy pregnant women (P < 0.05). Also, in the PE group, there was a significant decrease in Nrf2 gene expression and TAC level in placenta tissue compared to the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The Nrf2 gene undergoes epigenetic modifications of DNA hypermethylation in the PE placenta. Decreased expression of this gene and the changes in the level of oxidative parameters (TAC, TOS) confirm it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Zakeri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Avenue, Kermanshah, P.O.Box: 67148-69914, Iran
| | - Zohreh Rahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Avenue, Kermanshah, P.O.Box: 67148-69914, Iran.
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Nayebali Rezvani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Avenue, Kermanshah, P.O.Box: 67148-69914, Iran
| | - Asad Vaisi-Raygani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Avenue, Kermanshah, P.O.Box: 67148-69914, Iran
| | - Reza Alibakhshi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Avenue, Kermanshah, P.O.Box: 67148-69914, Iran
| | - Sahel Zakeri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kheirolah Yari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Li N, Jiang X, Zhang Q, Huang Y, Wei J, Zhang H, Luo H. Synergistic suppression of ovarian cancer by combining NRF2 and GPX4 inhibitors: in vitro and in vivo evidence. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:49. [PMID: 38396022 PMCID: PMC10885431 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01366-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a significant challenge in women's health due to the lack of effective screening and diagnostic methods, often leading to late detection and the highest mortality rate among all gynecologic tumors worldwide. Recent research has shown that ovarian cancer has an "iron addiction" phenotype which makes it vulnerable to ferroptosis inducers. We tested the combination of NRF2-targeted inhibitors with GPX4-targeted inhibitors in ovarian cancer through in vitro and in vivo experiment. The data showed that combination treatment effectively suppressed adherent cell growth, inhibited suspended cell spheroid formation, and restrained the ability of spheroid formation in 3D-culture. Mechanistically, the combination induced accumulation of ROS, 4-HNE, as well as activation of caspase-3 which indicates that this combination simultaneously increases cell ferroptosis and apoptosis. Notably, inhibition of GPX4 or NRF2 can suppress ovarian cancer spreading and growth in the peritoneal cavity of mice, while the combination of NRF2 inhibitor ML385 with GPX4 inhibitors showed a significant synergistic effect compared to individual drug treatment in a syngeneic mouse ovarian cancer model. Overall, these findings suggest that combining NRF2 inhibitors with GPX4 inhibitors results in a synergy suppression of ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo, and maybe a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China.
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, the Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China.
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China.
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xingmei Jiang
- Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, the Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongmei Huang
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, the Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
| | - Jinbin Wei
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, the Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China.
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 534023, China.
| | - Hui Luo
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, the Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China.
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11
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Fantone S, Piani F, Olivieri F, Rippo MR, Sirico A, Di Simone N, Marzioni D, Tossetta G. Role of SLC7A11/xCT in Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:587. [PMID: 38203758 PMCID: PMC10779187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most dangerous gynecologic cancers worldwide and has a high fatality rate due to diagnosis at an advanced stage of the disease as well as a high recurrence rate due to the occurrence of chemotherapy resistance. In fact, chemoresistance weakens the therapeutic effects, worsening the outcome of this pathology. Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (SLC7A11, also known as xCT) is the functional subunit of the Xc- system, an anionic L-cystine/L-glutamate antiporter expressed on the cell surface. SLC7A11 expression is significantly upregulated in several types of cancers in which it can inhibit ferroptosis and favor cancer cell proliferation, invasion and chemoresistance. SLC7A11 expression is also increased in ovarian cancer tissues, suggesting a possible role of this protein as a therapeutic target. In this review, we provide an overview of the current literature regarding the role of SLC7A11 in ovarian cancer to provide new insights on SLC7A11 modulation and evaluate the potential role of SLC7A11 as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Fantone
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS INRCA, 60124 Ancona, Italy; (S.F.); (F.O.)
| | - Federica Piani
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS INRCA, 60124 Ancona, Italy; (S.F.); (F.O.)
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Maria Rita Rippo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Angelo Sirico
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano Hospital, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Nicoletta Di Simone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Milan, Italy;
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
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12
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Zwimpfer TA, Scherer K, Schötzau A, Heinzelmann‐Schwarz V, Hartmann K, Vetter M, Montavon C. Desensitization in patients with hypersensitivity to platinum and taxane in gynecological cancers. Cancer Med 2023; 13:e6840. [PMID: 38140783 PMCID: PMC10807606 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to paclitaxel and carboplatin has the risk of developing hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), which could necessitate using less effective treatments to avoid anaphylaxis. Desensitization to platinum and taxane HSRs can be used to complete chemotherapy according to the standard regimen; therefore, this study investigated rates and benefits of successful desensitization in patients with gynecologic cancers (GC). METHODS We collected data from 241 patients with GC who had at least one cycle of platinum or taxane chemotherapy. The rate of HSRs and successful desensitization were evaluated, and an outcome analysis was conducted. RESULTS The rate of HSRs to platinum and taxane was 6.39% and 13.07%, respectively. We observed a 100% success rate of desensitization in our cohort. Patients with HSR were significantly younger (57.1 vs. 64.9 years, p = 0.030) in the taxane cohort. Importantly, the overall survival (OS) of patients with platinum and taxane HSRs who underwent desensitization was comparable to that of patients with no HSRs (platinum vs. controls; median OS 60.36 vs. 60.39 months, p = 0.31; taxane vs. controls; OS 80.29 vs. 60.00 months, p = 0.59). CONCLUSION Thus, we show that desensitization for platinum and taxane HSRs is safe and effective, resulting in an outcome that is well comparable to patients without HSR. Based on these observations, desensitization procedures might be considered as standard of care before switching to less effective treatment for patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor A. Zwimpfer
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Hospital for WomenUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Gynecological Cancer CenterUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Peter MacCallum Cancer CenterEast MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Kathrin Scherer
- Division of Allergy Unit, Department of DermatologyCantonal Hospital AarauAarauSwitzerland
| | - Andreas Schötzau
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Hospital for WomenUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Viola Heinzelmann‐Schwarz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Hospital for WomenUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Gynecological Cancer CenterUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Karin Hartmann
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Marcus Vetter
- Cancer Center, Cantonal Hospital BasellandMedical University ClinicLiestalSwitzerland
| | - Céline Montavon
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Hospital for WomenUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Gynecological Cancer CenterUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
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13
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Fan Y, Pan Y, Jia L, Gu S, Liu B, Mei Z, Lv C, Huang H, Zhu G, Deng Q. BIRC5 facilitates cisplatin-chemoresistance in a m 6 A-dependent manner in ovarian cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 13:e6811. [PMID: 38112021 PMCID: PMC10807614 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment for metastatic ovarian cancer (OC). However, chemoresistance continues to pose significant clinical challenges. Recent research has highlighted the baculoviral inhibitor of the apoptosis protein repeat-containing 5 (BIRC5) as a member of the inhibitor of the apoptosis protein (IAP) family. Notably, BIRC5, which has robust anti-apoptotic capabilities, is overexpressed in numerous cancers. Its dysfunction has been linked to challenges in cancer treatment. Yet, the role of BIRC5 in the chemoresistance of OC remains elusive. In our present study, we observed an upregulation of BIRC5 in cisplatin-resistant cell lines. This upregulation was associated with enhanced chemoresistance, which was diminished when the expression of BIRC5 was silenced. Intriguingly, BIRC5 exhibited a high number of N6-methyladenosine (m6 A) binding sites. The modification of m6 A was found to enhance the expression of BIRC5 by recognizing and binding to the 3'-UTR of mRNA. Additionally, the insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) was shown to stabilize BIRC5 mRNA, synergizing with METTL3 and intensifying chemoresistance. Supporting these in vitro findings, our in vivo experiments revealed that tumors were significantly smaller in size and volume when BIRC5 was silenced. This reduction was notably counteracted by co-silencing BIRC5 and overexpressing IGF2BP1. Our results underscored the pivotal role of BIRC5 in chemoresistance. The regulation of its expression and the stability of its mRNA were influenced by m6 A modifications involving both METTL3 and IGF2BP1. These insights presented BIRC5 as a promising potential therapeutic target for addressing cisplatin resistance in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadan Fan
- Department of GynecologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Yinglian Pan
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical CollegeHaikouChina
| | - Liping Jia
- Department of GynecologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Shuzhen Gu
- Department of GynecologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Binxin Liu
- Department of GynecologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Ziman Mei
- Department of GynecologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Chunyan Lv
- Department of GynecologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Haohao Huang
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation ArmyWuhanChina
| | - Genhai Zhu
- Department of GynecologyHainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Qingchun Deng
- Department of GynecologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
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14
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Wang Y, Pei H, Chen W, Du R, Li J, He Z. Palmatine Protects PC12 Cells and Mice from Aβ25-35-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:7955. [PMID: 38138445 PMCID: PMC10745955 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28247955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a common degenerative disease which has a great impact on people's daily lives, but there is still a certain market gap in the drug research about it. Palmatine, one of the main components of Huangteng, the rattan stem of Fibraurea recisa Pierre (Menispermaceae), has potential in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of palmatine on amyloid beta protein 25-35-induced rat pheochromocytoma cells and AD mice and to investigate its mechanism of action. CCK8 assays, ELISA, the Morris water maze assay, fluorescent probes, calcein/PI staining, immunofluorescent staining and Western blot analysis were used. The experimental results show that palmatine can increase the survival rate of Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cells and mouse hippocampal neurons, reduce apoptosis, reduce the content of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, GSH, SOD, MDA and ROS, improve the learning and memory ability of AD mice, inhibit the expression of Keap-1 and Bax, and promote the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and Bcl-2. We conclude that palmatine can ameliorate oxidative stress and neuroinflammation produced by Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cells and mice by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. In conclusion, our results suggest that palmatine may have a potential therapeutic effect on AD and could be further investigated as a promising therapeutic agent for AD. It provides a theoretical basis for the development of related drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
| | - Hongyan Pei
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
| | - Weijia Chen
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
| | - Rui Du
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jianming Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
| | - Zhongmei He
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.W.); (H.P.); (W.C.); (R.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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15
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Kasai S, Kokubu D, Mizukami H, Itoh K. Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species, Insulin Resistance, and Nrf2-Mediated Oxidative Stress Response-Toward an Actionable Strategy for Anti-Aging. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1544. [PMID: 37892226 PMCID: PMC10605809 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced mainly by mitochondrial respiration and function as signaling molecules in the physiological range. However, ROS production is also associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, including insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This review focuses on the etiology of IR and early events, especially mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production in insulin-sensitive tissues. Importantly, IR and/or defective adipogenesis in the white adipose tissues (WAT) is thought to increase free fatty acid and ectopic lipid deposition to develop into systemic IR. Fatty acid and ceramide accumulation mediate coenzyme Q reduction and mtROS production in IR in the skeletal muscle, while coenzyme Q synthesis downregulation is also involved in mtROS production in the WAT. Obesity-related IR is associated with the downregulation of mitochondrial catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in the WAT, and the accumulation of BCAA and its metabolites as biomarkers in the blood could reliably indicate future T2D. Transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates antioxidant enzyme expression in response to oxidative stress, is downregulated in insulin-resistant tissues. However, Nrf2 inducers, such as sulforaphane, could restore Nrf2 and target gene expression and attenuate IR in multiple tissues, including the WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Kasai
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
| | - Daichi Kokubu
- Department of Vegetable Life Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
- Diet & Well-being Research Institute, KAGOME CO., LTD., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nasushiobara 329-2762, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mizukami
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
- Department of Vegetable Life Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
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16
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Chen JW, Chen S, Chen GQ. Recent advances in natural compounds inducing non-apoptotic cell death for anticancer drug resistance. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:729-747. [PMID: 38239395 PMCID: PMC10792489 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The induction of cell death is recognized as a potent strategy for cancer treatment. Apoptosis is an extensively studied form of cell death, and multiple anticancer drugs exert their therapeutic effects by inducing it. Nonetheless, apoptosis evasion is a hallmark of cancer, rendering cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy drugs. Consequently, there is a growing interest in exploring novel non-apoptotic forms of cell death, such as ferroptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and paraptosis. Natural compounds with anticancer properties have garnered significant attention due to their advantages, including a reduced risk of drug resistance. Over the past two decades, numerous natural compounds have been discovered to exert anticancer and anti-resistance effects by triggering these four non-apoptotic cell death mechanisms. This review primarily focuses on these four non-apoptotic cell death mechanisms and their recent advancements in overcoming drug resistance in cancer treatment. Meanwhile, it highlights the role of natural compounds in effectively addressing cancer drug resistance through the induction of these forms of non-apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wen Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, China
| | - Sibao Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, China
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Guo-Qing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, China
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong 999077, China
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17
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Afzal S, Abdul Manap AS, Attiq A, Albokhadaim I, Kandeel M, Alhojaily SM. From imbalance to impairment: the central role of reactive oxygen species in oxidative stress-induced disorders and therapeutic exploration. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1269581. [PMID: 37927596 PMCID: PMC10622810 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1269581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased production and buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to various health issues, including metabolic problems, cancers, and neurological conditions. Our bodies counteract ROS with biological antioxidants such as SOD, CAT, and GPx, which help prevent cellular damage. However, if there is an imbalance between ROS and these antioxidants, it can result in oxidative stress. This can cause genetic and epigenetic changes at the molecular level. This review delves into how ROS plays a role in disorders caused by oxidative stress. We also look at animal models used for researching ROS pathways. This study offers insights into the mechanism, pathology, epigenetic changes, and animal models to assist in drug development and disease understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheryar Afzal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aimi Syamima Abdul Manap
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Attiq
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Albokhadaim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Sameer M. Alhojaily
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Mentese A, Demir S, Kucuk H, Yulug E, Alemdar NT, Demir EA, Aliyazicioglu Y. Vanillic acid abrogates cisplatin-induced ovotoxicity through activating Nrf2 pathway. Tissue Cell 2023; 84:102161. [PMID: 37478646 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Although cisplatin (CDDP) is an effective anticancer agent, the ovotoxicity that can occur in female patients limits its use. Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are known to contribute to CDDP-induced ovotoxicity. Vanillic acid (VA) is a dietary herbal secondary metabolite with high free radical scavenging activity. It was aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of VA against CDDP-induced ovotoxicity in rats in this study for the first time. Ovotoxicity was achieved with a single dose of CDDP (5 mg/kg) in female rats. The therapeutic effect of VA was evaluated with 3-day administration of two different doses (5 and 10 mg/kg). While OS, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis markers were measured in tissue samples, the levels of reproductive hormones were determined in serum samples using colorimetric methods. The results showed that CDDP-induced nuclear factor erythroid 2-associated factor 2 (Nrf2) inhibition combined with increased OS, inflammation, ERS and apoptosis increased ovarian damage. VA treatments reversed these changes via activating Nrf2 pathway dose-dependently. In addition, histopathological findings also supported the biochemical results. VA may be a good therapeutic molecule candidate for CDDP-induced ovarian damage due to strong antioxidant and Nrf2 activator properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Mentese
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Hatice Kucuk
- Department of Pathology, Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 61250 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Esin Yulug
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Nihal Turkmen Alemdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey; Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100 Rize, Turkey
| | - Elif Ayazoglu Demir
- Department of Ch emistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Macka Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, 61750 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Aliyazicioglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
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19
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Ruangsawasdi N, Boonnak N, Pruksaniyom C, Rodanant P. Xanthones Isolated from Cratoxylum cochinchinensis Reduced Oxidative Stress in Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14675. [PMID: 37834121 PMCID: PMC10573000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthone compounds from Cratoxylum cochinchinensis (C. cochinchinensis) have demonstrated antioxidant effects and potency in treating many inflammatory diseases. However, the efficiency of the three xanthone extracts isolated from the young fruit of this plant, i.e., two geranyloxy xanthones (F6, F8) and one 1,3,7-hydroxy xanthone (F137), as antioxidants and therapeutics for periodontal disease has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of three xanthones isolated from C. cochinchinensis on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and their osteogenic differentiation. The antioxidant activity of the aqueous extracts was determined using a DPPH assay, and their cytotoxicity was evaluated using an MTT assay. H2O2 was used to induce intracellular stress, and the scavenging effect of the isolated compounds against reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed with a fluorescence assay. The expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was evaluated, and the effects of the three compounds on PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation were investigated. The isolated compounds reduced both extracellular and intracellular ROS in a dose-dependent manner and induced the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in PDLSCs. Under redox conditions, these compounds potentiated PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation. Our study demonstrated that the hydroxy xanthones from C. cochinchinensis had antioxidant effects on the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and might be effective therapeutic substrates for damage prevention and the regeneration of damaged periodontal tissues in periodontitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisarat Ruangsawasdi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Nawong Boonnak
- Department of Basic Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Science and digital innovation, Thaksin University, Songkhla 90000, Thailand;
| | - Chareerut Pruksaniyom
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Pirasut Rodanant
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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20
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Lin L, Wu Q, Lu F, Lei J, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Zhu N, Yu Y, Ning Z, She T, Hu M. Nrf2 signaling pathway: current status and potential therapeutic targetable role in human cancers. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1184079. [PMID: 37810967 PMCID: PMC10559910 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1184079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a borderless global health challenge that continues to threaten human health. Studies have found that oxidative stress (OS) is often associated with the etiology of many diseases, especially the aging process and cancer. Involved in the OS reaction as a key transcription factor, Nrf2 is a pivotal regulator of cellular redox state and detoxification. Nrf2 can prevent oxidative damage by regulating gene expression with antioxidant response elements (ARE) to promote the antioxidant response process. OS is generated with an imbalance in the redox state and promotes the accumulation of mutations and genome instability, thus associated with the establishment and development of different cancers. Nrf2 activation regulates a plethora of processes inducing cellular proliferation, differentiation and death, and is strongly associated with OS-mediated cancer. What's more, Nrf2 activation is also involved in anti-inflammatory effects and metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and multidrug resistance. Nrf2 is highly expressed in multiple human body parts of digestive system, respiratory system, reproductive system and nervous system. In oncology research, Nrf2 has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. Therefore, certain natural compounds and drugs can exert anti-cancer effects through the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and blocking the Nrf2 signaling pathway can reduce some types of tumor recurrence rates and increase sensitivity to chemotherapy. However, Nrf2's dual role and controversial impact in cancer are inevitable consideration factors when treating Nrf2 as a therapeutic target. In this review, we summarized the current state of biological characteristics of Nrf2 and its dual role and development mechanism in different tumor cells, discussed Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and its downstream genes, elaborated the expression of related signaling pathways such as AMPK/mTOR and NF-κB. Besides, the main mechanism of Nrf2 as a cancer therapeutic target and the therapeutic strategies using Nrf2 inhibitors or activators, as well as the possible positive and negative effects of Nrf2 activation were also reviewed. It can be concluded that Nrf2 is related to OS and serves as an important factor in cancer formation and development, thus provides a basis for targeted therapy in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Feifei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Jiaming Lei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Medical School of Facial Features, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Ni Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - You Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Zhifeng Ning
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Tonghui She
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Meichun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
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21
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Gavia-García G, Hernández-Álvarez D, Arista-Ugalde TL, Aguiñiga-Sánchez I, Santiago-Osorio E, Mendoza-Núñez VM, Rosado-Pérez J. The Supplementation of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum (Chayote) Promotes Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Protection in Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2023; 15:4106. [PMID: 37836390 PMCID: PMC10574595 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to determine the effect of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum (chayote) on gene expression related to antioxidant protection mechanisms and the inflammatory process in older adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). A quasi-experimental study was carried out in a convenience sample of 46 older adults diagnosed with MetS: (i) placebo group (PG; n = 20); (ii) experimental group (EG; n = 26). The clinical, biochemical, anthropometric parameters and SOD, GPx, and CAT enzyme activity, alongside total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α), and mRNA expression of SOD, GPx, CAT, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, Nrf2, NFkB p50, and NFkB p65, were measured at baseline and 6 months post-intervention. A statistically significant decrease was observed in TOS (baseline, 28.9 ± 3.6 vs. post, 23.7 ± 3.4, p < 0.01) and OSI (baseline, 24.1 ± 3.8 vs. post, 17.7 ± 4), as well as an increase in IL-6 (baseline, 10.7 ± 1.1 vs. post, 12.3 ± 2, p = 0.03), SOD activity (baseline, 167.1 ± 11.9 vs. post, 180.6 ± 7.6, p < 0.05), CAT activity (baseline, 1.0 ± 0.2 vs. post, 1.3 ± 0.2, p < 0.01), and TAS (baseline, 1.1 ± 0.1 vs. post, 1.4 ± 0.1, p < 0.01) in the EG compared to the PG. Regarding the expression of Nrf2, SOD, and IL-6, the EG showed a significant increase vs. basal levels (47%, 44%, and 43%, respectively). Our findings suggest that Sechium edule supplementation promotes the antioxidant response and decreases oxidative stress via Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Gavia-García
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.G.-G.); (D.H.-Á.); (T.L.A.-U.)
| | - David Hernández-Álvarez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.G.-G.); (D.H.-Á.); (T.L.A.-U.)
| | - Taide Laurita Arista-Ugalde
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.G.-G.); (D.H.-Á.); (T.L.A.-U.)
| | - Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (I.A.-S.); (E.S.-O.)
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (I.A.-S.); (E.S.-O.)
| | - Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.G.-G.); (D.H.-Á.); (T.L.A.-U.)
| | - Juana Rosado-Pérez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (G.G.-G.); (D.H.-Á.); (T.L.A.-U.)
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22
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Alnajem A, Al-Maghrebi M. The Regulatory Effects of JAK2/STAT3 on Spermatogenesis and the Redox Keap1/Nrf2 Axis in an Animal Model of Testicular Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2023; 12:2292. [PMID: 37759514 PMCID: PMC10528395 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The male reproductive system requires the pleiotropic activity of JAK/STAT to maintain its function, especially spermatogenesis. The study aims to investigate the effect of JAK2 signaling on the expression of the Keap1/Nrf2 axis, spermatogenesis, and the Sertoli cells (Sc) junctions in an animal model of testicular ischemia reperfusion injury (tIRI). Testes subjected to tIRI exhibited increased JAK2/STAT3 activity associated with spermatogenic arrest and reduced expression of the Sc junctions. In addition, there was an increased protein expression of Keap1 and decreased Nrf2., which was coupled with the downregulation of gene expression of antioxidant enzymes. Reduced SOD and CAT activities were accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation during tIRI. Increased caspase 9 activity and Bax/Bcl2 ratio indicated initiation of apoptosis. Inhibition of JAK2 activity by AG490 maintained the integrity of spermatogenesis and SC junctions, normalized the expression of the Keap1/Nrf2 axis and its downstream antioxidant enzymes, and prevented germ cell apoptosis. The results further emphasized the regulatory role of JAK2/STAT3 on spermatogenesis, Keap1/Nrf2 signaling, and maintenance of the testicular redox balance to combat testicular dysfunction and male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alnajem
- Department of Medicine, Jaber Al-Ahmed Hospital, South Surra 47761, Kuwait;
| | - May Al-Maghrebi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
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23
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Psilopatis I, Schaefer JI, Arsenakis D, Bolovis D, Levidou G. SOX11 and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Metastatic Serous Ovarian Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2540. [PMID: 37760985 PMCID: PMC10526401 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancies, with serous carcinoma being the most common histopathologic subtype. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) correlates with increased metastatic potential, whereas the transcription factor SRY-box transcription factor 11 (SOX11) is overexpressed in diverse malignancies. METHODS In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the potential role of the immunohistochemical expression of SOX11 in 30 serous ovarian carcinomas in association with E-cadherin and vimentin expression as well as with patients' clinicopathological data. RESULTS Most of the examined cases showed concurrent expression of E-cadherin and vimentin, whereas SOX11 was expressed in a minority of the cases (26.7%). Interestingly, the positive cases more frequently had a metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis compared with the negative cases (p = 0.09), an association, however, of marginal significance. Moreover, there was a negative correlation between E-cadherin and SOX11 expression (p = 0.0077) and a positive correlation between vimentin and SOX11 expression (p = 0.0130). CONCLUSIONS The present work, for the first time, provides preliminary evidence of a possible implication of SOX11 overexpression in the promotion of EMT in metastatic serous ovarian cancer, thereby endorsing tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iason Psilopatis
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Klinikum Nuremberg, Paracelsus University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Erlangen, Universitaetsstrasse 21–23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jule Ida Schaefer
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Klinikum Nuremberg, Paracelsus University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Arsenakis
- Department of Gynecology, Medical School, Klinikum Nuremberg, Paracelsus University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Bolovis
- Department of Gynecology, Medical School, Klinikum Nuremberg, Paracelsus University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Georgia Levidou
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Klinikum Nuremberg, Paracelsus University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
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24
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Pozzi V, Campagna R, Sartini D, Emanuelli M. Enzymes Dysregulation in Cancer: From Diagnosis to Therapeutical Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13815. [PMID: 37762118 PMCID: PMC10530952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic reprogramming that occurs in cancer cells is a hallmark of cancer [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pozzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (D.S.); (M.E.)
| | - Roberto Campagna
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (D.S.); (M.E.)
| | - Davide Sartini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (D.S.); (M.E.)
| | - Monica Emanuelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (D.S.); (M.E.)
- New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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25
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Gao X, Wang B, Huang Y, Wu M, Li Y, Li Y, Zhu X, Wu M. Role of the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Ovarian Aging: Potential Mechanism and Protective Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13327. [PMID: 37686132 PMCID: PMC10488162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ovary holds a significant role as a reproductive endocrine organ in women, and its aging process bears implications such as menopause, decreased fertility, and long-term health risks including osteoporosis, cardiovascular disorders, and cognitive decline. The phenomenon of oxidative stress is tightly linked to the aging metabolic processes. More and more studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress impacts both physiologic and pathologic ovarian aging, and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway plays a crucial role in regulating the antioxidant response. Furthermore, various therapeutic approaches have been identified to ameliorate ovarian aging by modulating the Nrf2 pathway. This review summarizes the important role of the Nrf2/ Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) signaling pathway in regulating oxidative stress and influencing ovarian aging. Additionally, it highlights the therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Gao
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (B.W.); (Y.H.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Bo Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (B.W.); (Y.H.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yibao Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (B.W.); (Y.H.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Meng Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (B.W.); (Y.H.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuting Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (B.W.); (Y.H.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yinuo Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (B.W.); (Y.H.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (B.W.); (Y.H.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Mingfu Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (X.G.); (B.W.); (Y.H.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
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Lee W, Mun Y, Lee KY, Park JM, Chang TS, Choi YJ, Lee BH. Mefenamic Acid-Upregulated Nrf2/SQSTM1 Protects Hepatocytes against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Damage. TOXICS 2023; 11:735. [PMID: 37755745 PMCID: PMC10536671 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Mefenamic acid (MFA) is a commonly prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. MFA is known to have potent antioxidant properties and a neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress. However, its impact on the liver is unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the antioxidative effects of MFA and their underlying mechanisms. We observed that MFA treatment upregulated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Treatment with various anthranilic acid derivative-class NSAIDs, including MFA, increased the expression of sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) in HepG2 cells. MFA disrupted the interaction between Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and Nrf2, activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. SQTM1 knockdown experiments revealed that the effect of MFA on the Nrf2 pathway was masked in the absence of SQSTM1. To assess the cytoprotective effect of MFA, we employed tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) as a ROS inducer. Notably, MFA exhibited a protective effect against tBHP-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. This cytoprotective effect was abolished when SQSTM1 was knocked down, suggesting the involvement of SQSTM1 in mediating the protective effect of MFA against tBHP-induced toxicity. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that MFA exhibits cytoprotective effects by upregulating SQSTM1 and activating the Nrf2 pathway. These findings improve our understanding of the pharmacological actions of MFA and highlight its potential as a therapeutic agent for oxidative stress-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - You-Jin Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (K.-Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (T.-S.C.)
| | - Byung-Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (K.-Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (T.-S.C.)
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Tossetta G, Piani F, Borghi C, Marzioni D. Role of CD93 in Health and Disease. Cells 2023; 12:1778. [PMID: 37443812 PMCID: PMC10340406 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
CD93 (also known as complement protein 1 q subcomponent receptor C1qR1 or C1qRp), is a transmembrane glycoprotein encoded by a gene located on 20p11.21 and composed of 652 amino acids. CD93 can be present in two forms: soluble (sCD93) and membrane-bound (CD93). CD93 is mainly expressed on endothelial cells, where it plays a key role in promoting angiogenesis both in physiology and disease, such as age-related macular degeneration and tumor angiogenesis. In fact, CD93 is highly expressed in tumor-associated vessels and its presence correlates with a poor prognosis, poor immunotherapy response, immune cell infiltration and high tumor, node and metastasis (TNM) stage in many cancer types. CD93 is also expressed in hematopoietic stem cells, cytotrophoblast cells, platelets and many immune cells, i.e., monocytes, neutrophils, B cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Accordingly, CD93 is involved in modulating important inflammatory-associated diseases including systemic sclerosis and neuroinflammation. Finally, CD93 plays a role in cardiovascular disease development and progression. In this article, we reviewed the current literature regarding the role of CD93 in modulating angiogenesis, inflammation and tumor growth in order to understand where this glycoprotein could be a potential therapeutic target and could modify the outcome of the abovementioned pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Federica Piani
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Heart, Chest and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (C.B.)
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Heart, Chest and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (C.B.)
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
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28
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Schiavoni V, Campagna R, Pozzi V, Cecati M, Milanese G, Sartini D, Salvolini E, Galosi AB, Emanuelli M. Recent Advances in the Management of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Novel Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3207. [PMID: 37370817 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) belongs to a heterogenous cancer group arising from renal tubular epithelial cells. Among RCC subtypes, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common variant, characterized by high aggressiveness, invasiveness and metastatic potential, features that lead to poor prognosis and high mortality rate. In addition, diagnosis of kidney cancer is incidental in the majority of cases, and this results in a late diagnosis, when the stage of the disease is advanced and the tumor has already metastasized. Furthermore, ccRCC treatment is complicated by its strong resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. Therefore, there is active ongoing research focused on identifying novel biomarkers which could be useful for assessing a better prognosis, as well as new molecules which could be used for targeted therapy. In this light, several novel targeted therapies have been shown to be effective in prolonging the overall survival of ccRCC patients. Thus, the aim of this review is to analyze the actual state-of-the-art on ccRCC diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic options, while also reporting the recent advances in novel biomarker discoveries, which could be exploited for a better prognosis or for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Schiavoni
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberto Campagna
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Pozzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Monia Cecati
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulio Milanese
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Davide Sartini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Eleonora Salvolini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Monica Emanuelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
- New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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Choi MS, Kim JH, Lee CY, Lee YM, Lee S, Chang HK, Kim HJ, Heo K. Gentian Violet Inhibits Cell Proliferation through Induction of Apoptosis in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1657. [PMID: 37371752 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gentian violet (GV) is known to have antibacterial and antifungal effects, but recent studies have demonstrated its inhibitory effects on the growth of several types of cancer cells. Here, we investigated the anticancer efficacy of GV in ovarian cancer cells. GV significantly reduced the proliferation of OVCAR8, SKOV3, and A2780 cells. Results of transferase dUTP nick and labeling (TUNEL) assay and Western blot assay indicated that the inhibitory effect of GV on ovarian cancer cells was due to the induction of apoptosis. Moreover, GV significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulated the expression of p53, PUMA, BAX, and p21, critical components for apoptosis induction, in ovarian cancer cells. Our results suggest that GV is a novel antiproliferative agent and is worthy of exploration as a potential therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sung Choi
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Kim
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Yeon Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Yul Min Lee
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukmook Lee
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
- Antibody Research Institute, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Kyun Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan 15855, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
- Antibody Research Institute, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun Heo
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
- Antibody Research Institute, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
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30
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Tossetta G, Fantone S, Piani F, Crescimanno C, Ciavattini A, Giannubilo SR, Marzioni D. Modulation of NRF2/KEAP1 Signaling in Preeclampsia. Cells 2023; 12:1545. [PMID: 37296665 PMCID: PMC10252212 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Placentation is a key and tightly regulated process that ensures the normal development of the placenta and fetal growth. Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive pregnancy-related disorder involving about 5-8% of all pregnancies and clinically characterized by de novo maternal hypertension and proteinuria. In addition, PE pregnancies are also characterized by increased oxidative stress and inflammation. The NRF2/KEAP1 signaling pathway plays an important role in protecting cells against oxidative damage due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. ROS activate NRF2, allowing its binding to the antioxidant response element (ARE) region present in the promoter of several antioxidant genes such as heme oxygenase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase that neutralize ROS, protecting cells against oxidative stress damages. In this review, we analyze the current literature regarding the role of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in preeclamptic pregnancies, discussing the main cellular modulators of this pathway. Moreover, we also discuss the main natural and synthetic compounds that can regulate this pathway in in vivo and in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.F.); (D.M.)
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.F.); (D.M.)
| | - Federica Piani
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40128 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Caterina Crescimanno
- School of Human and Social Science, University “Kore” of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy;
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy; (A.C.); (S.R.G.)
| | - Stefano Raffaele Giannubilo
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy; (A.C.); (S.R.G.)
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.F.); (D.M.)
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31
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Tossetta G, Fantone S, Marzioni D, Mazzucchelli R. Role of Natural and Synthetic Compounds in Modulating NRF2/KEAP1 Signaling Pathway in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113037. [PMID: 37296999 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. Prostate cancer can be treated by surgery or active surveillance when early diagnosed but, when diagnosed at an advanced or metastatic stage, radiation therapy or androgen-deprivation therapy is needed to reduce cancer progression. However, both of these therapies can cause prostate cancer resistance to treatment. Several studies demonstrated that oxidative stress is involved in cancer occurrence, development, progression and treatment resistance. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/KEAP1 (Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1) pathway plays an important role in protecting cells against oxidative damage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and NRF2 activation can determine cell fate. In particular, toxic levels of ROS lead physiological cell death and cell tumor suppression, while lower ROS levels are associated with carcinogenesis and cancer progression. On the contrary, a high level of NRF2 promotes cell survival related to cancer progression activating an adaptive antioxidant response. In this review, we analyzed the current literature regarding the role of natural and synthetic compounds in modulating NRF2/KEAP1 signaling pathway in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberta Mazzucchelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Pathological Anatomy, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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32
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Durán AG, Chinchilla N, Simonet AM, Gutiérrez MT, Bolívar J, Valdivia MM, Molinillo JMG, Macías FA. Biological Activity of Naphthoquinones Derivatives in the Search of Anticancer Lead Compounds. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15050348. [PMID: 37235382 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15050348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Naphthoquinones are a valuable source of secondary metabolites that are well known for their dye properties since ancient times. A wide range of biological activities have been described highlighting their cytotoxic activity, gaining the attention of researchers in recent years. In addition, it is also worth mentioning that many anticancer drugs possess a naphthoquinone backbone in their structure. Considering this background, the work described herein reports the evaluation of the cytotoxicity of different acyl and alkyl derivatives from juglone and lawsone that showed the best activity results from a etiolated wheat coleoptile bioassay. This bioassay is rapid, highly sensitive to a wide spectrum of activities, and is a powerful tool for detecting biologically active natural products. A preliminary cell viability bioassay was performed on cervix carcinoma (HeLa) cells for 24 h. The most promising compounds were further tested for apoptosis on different tumoral (IGROV-1 and SK-MEL-28) and non-tumoral (HEK-293) cell lines by flow cytometry. Results reveal that derivatives from lawsone (particularly derivative 4) were more cytotoxic on tumoral than in non-tumoral cells, showing similar results to those obtained with of etoposide, which is used as a positive control for apoptotic cell death. These findings encourage further studies on the development of new anticancer drugs for more directed therapies and reduced side effects with naphthoquinone skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra G Durán
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Nuria Chinchilla
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ana M Simonet
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M Teresa Gutiérrez
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cádiz, República Saharaui 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Jorge Bolívar
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cádiz, República Saharaui 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Manuel M Valdivia
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cádiz, República Saharaui 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - José M G Molinillo
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Francisco A Macías
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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33
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Tossetta G, Inversetti A. Ovarian Cancer: Advances in Pathophysiology and Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108930. [PMID: 37240277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We are pleased to present this Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, entitled "Ovarian Cancer: Advances in Pathophysiology and Therapies" [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Annalisa Inversetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
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34
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Tossetta G, Fantone S, Giannubilo SR, Ciavattini A, Senzacqua M, Frontini A, Marzioni D. HTRA1 in Placental Cell Models: A Possible Role in Preeclampsia. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3815-3828. [PMID: 37232715 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The HtrA serine peptidase 1 (HTRA1) is a multidomain secretory protein with serine-protease activity involved in the regulation of many cellular processes in both physiological and pathological conditions. HTRA1 is normally expressed in the human placenta, and its expression is higher in the first trimester compared to the third trimester, suggesting an important role of this serine protease in the early phases of human placenta development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional role of HTRA1 in in vitro models of human placenta in order to define the role of this serine protease in preeclampsia (PE). BeWo and HTR8/SVneo cells expressing HTRA1 were used as syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast models, respectively. Oxidative stress was induced by treating BeWo and HTR8/SVneo cells with H2O2 to mimic PE conditions in order to evaluate its effect on HTRA1 expression. In addition, HTRA1 overexpression and silencing experiments were performed to evaluate the effects on syncytialization, cell mobility, and invasion processes. Our main data showed that oxidative stress significantly increased HTRA1 expression in both BeWo and HTR8/SVneo cells. In addition, we demonstrated that HTRA1 has a pivotal role in cell motility and invasion processes. In particular, HTRA1 overexpression increased while HTRA1 silencing decreased cell motility and invasion in HTR8/SVneo cell model. In conclusion, our results suggest an important role of HTRA1 in regulating extravillous cytotrophoblast invasion and motility during the early stage of placentation in the first trimester of gestation, suggesting a key role of this serine protease in PE onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Raffaele Giannubilo
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Martina Senzacqua
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Frontini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60128 Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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35
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Tossetta G, Fantone S, Goteri G, Giannubilo SR, Ciavattini A, Marzioni D. The Role of NQO1 in Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097839. [PMID: 37175546 PMCID: PMC10178676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most dangerous gynecologic malignancies showing a high fatality rate because of late diagnosis and relapse occurrence due to chemoresistance onset. Several researchers reported that oxidative stress plays a key role in ovarian cancer occurrence, growth and development. The NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is an antioxidant enzyme that, using NADH or NADPH as substrates to reduce quinones to hydroquinones, avoids the formation of the highly reactive semiquinones, then protecting cells against oxidative stress. In this review, we report evidence from the literature describing the effect of NQO1 on ovarian cancer onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Gaia Goteri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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36
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Roberts JA, Rainbow RD, Sharma P. Mitigation of Cardiovascular Disease and Toxicity through NRF2 Signalling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076723. [PMID: 37047696 PMCID: PMC10094784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular toxicity and diseases are phenomena that have a vastly detrimental impact on morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology driving the development of these conditions is multifactorial but commonly includes the perturbance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signalling, iron homeostasis and mitochondrial bioenergetics. The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)-related factor 2 (NRF2), a master regulator of cytoprotective responses, drives the expression of genes that provide resistance to oxidative, electrophilic and xenobiotic stresses. Recent research has suggested that stimulation of the NRF2 signalling pathway can alleviate cardiotoxicity and hallmarks of cardiovascular disease progression. However, dysregulation of NRF2 dynamic responses can be severely impacted by ageing processes and off-target toxicity from clinical medicines including anthracycline chemotherapeutics, rendering cells of the cardiovascular system susceptible to toxicity and subsequent tissue dysfunction. This review addresses the current understanding of NRF2 mechanisms under homeostatic and cardiovascular pathophysiological conditions within the context of wider implications for this diverse transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. Roberts
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Richard D. Rainbow
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Parveen Sharma
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
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37
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Tian S, Zhao H, Guo H, Feng W, Jiang C, Jiang Y. Propolis Ethanolic Extract Attenuates D-gal-induced C2C12 Cell Injury by Modulating Nrf2/HO-1 and p38/p53 Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076408. [PMID: 37047379 PMCID: PMC10094417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous study has shown that propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) has a protective effect on aging skeletal muscle atrophy. However, the exact molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PEE on D-galactose (D-gal)-induced damage in mouse C2C12 cells. The results revealed that PEE increased the viability of senescent C2C12 cells, decreased the number of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal)-positive cells and promoted the differentiation of C2C12 cells. PEE resisted oxidative stress caused by D-gal by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and maintained the differentiation ability of C2C12 cells. PEE inhibited apoptosis by suppressing p38 phosphorylation and reducing p53 expression. In summary, our findings reveal the molecular mechanism by which PEE protects D-gal-induced C2C12 cells, providing a theoretical basis for the development of PEE for the alleviation of muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhao Tian
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang 032200, China
| | - Huiting Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Hongru Guo
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Wei Feng
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Conglin Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Yusuo Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
- Correspondence:
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38
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Liang J, Gao Y, Feng Z, Zhang B, Na Z, Li D. Reactive oxygen species and ovarian diseases: Antioxidant strategies. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102659. [PMID: 36917900 PMCID: PMC10023995 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mainly produced in mitochondria and are involved in various physiological activities of the ovary through signaling and are critical for regulating the ovarian cycle. Notably, the imbalance between ROS generation and the antioxidant defense system contributes to the development of ovarian diseases. These contradictory effects have critical implications for potential antioxidant strategies that aim to scavenge excessive ROS. However, much remains to be learned about how ROS causes various ovarian diseases to the application of antioxidant therapy for ovarian diseases. Here, we review the mechanisms of ROS generation and maintenance of homeostasis in the ovary and its associated physiological effects. Additionally, we have highlighted the pathological mechanisms of ROS in ovarian diseases and potential antioxidant strategies for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Liang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yingzhuo Gao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ziyi Feng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhijing Na
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Da Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Diseases and Fertility Remodeling of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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39
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Ovarian Cancer and Glutamine Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055041. [PMID: 36902470 PMCID: PMC10003179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are known to have a distinct metabolic profile and to exhibit significant changes in a variety of metabolic mechanisms compared to normal cells, particularly glycolysis and glutaminolysis, in order to cover their increased energy requirements. There is mounting evidence that there is a link between glutamine metabolism and the proliferation of cancer cells, demonstrating that glutamine metabolism is a vital mechanism for all cellular processes, including the development of cancer. Detailed knowledge regarding its degree of engagement in numerous biological processes across distinct cancer types is still lacking, despite the fact that such knowledge is necessary for comprehending the differentiating characteristics of many forms of cancer. This review aims to examine data on glutamine metabolism and ovarian cancer and identify possible therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer treatment.
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40
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Tossetta G, Marzioni D. Targeting the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in cervical and endometrial cancers. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 941:175503. [PMID: 36641100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cervical and endometrial cancers are among the most dangerous gynaecological malignancies, with high fatality and recurrence rates due to frequent diagnosis at an advanced stage and chemoresistance onset. The NRF2/KEAP1 signalling pathway plays an important role in protecting cells against oxidative damage due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. NRF2, activated by ROS, induces the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase which neutralize ROS, protecting cells against oxidative stress damage. However, activation of NRF2/KEAP1 signalling in cancer cells results in chemoresistance, inactivating drug-mediated oxidative stress and protecting cancer cells from drug-induced cell death. We review the literature on the role of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in cervical and endometrial cancers, with a focus on the expression of its components and downstream genes. We also examine the role of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in chemotherapy resistance and how this pathway can be modulated by natural and synthetic modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy; Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 60126, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy
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41
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Holvoet P. Noncoding RNAs Controlling Oxidative Stress in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041155. [PMID: 36831498 PMCID: PMC9954372 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria in cancer cells tend to overproduce reactive oxygen species (ROS), inducing a vicious cycle between mitochondria, ROS, genomic instability, and cancer development. The first part of this review deals with the role of noncoding RNAs in regulating mitochondrial ROS production and the expression of antioxidants in cancer cells, preventing the increase of ROS in the tumor microenvironment. In addition, cytotoxic T and natural killer cells release high levels of ROS, inducing cell death, while anti-immune regulatory T cells, tumor-associated M2 macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, at least at the initial stage of tumor growth, release low levels of ROS supporting tumor growth. Therefore, this review's second part deals with noncoding RNAs' role in regulating the metabolic reprogramming of immune cells about ROS release. Furthermore, the enrichment of noncoding RNAs in microvesicles allows communication between cell types in a tumor and between a tumor and tumor-adjacent tissues. Therefore, the third part illustrates how noncoding RNA-containing microvesicles secreted by mesenchymal stem cells and primary tumor cells may primarily aid the shift of immune cells to a pro-oncogenic phenotype. Conversely, microvesicles released by tumor-adjacent tissues may have the opposite effect. Our review reveals that a specific noncoding RNA may affect oxidative stress by several mechanisms, which may have opposite effects on tumor growth. Furthermore, they may be involved in mechanisms other than regulating oxidative stress, which may level out their effects on oxidative stress and tumor growth. In addition, several noncoding RNAs might share a specific function, making it very unlikely that intervening with only one of these noncoding RNAs will block this particular mechanism. Overall, further validation of the interaction between noncoding RNAs about cancer types and stages of tumor development is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Holvoet
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Marzioni D, Mazzucchelli R, Fantone S, Tossetta G. NRF2 modulation in TRAMP mice: an in vivo model of prostate cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:873-881. [PMID: 36335520 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and oxidative stress is involved in its occurrence, development and progression. In fact, in transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice, prostate cancer onset is associated with the methylation of the first five CpG in the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) promoter, a key regulator of oxidative stress response, leading to its downregulation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been demonstrated that both natural and synthetic compounds can reactivate NRF2 expression inhibiting the methylation status of its promoter by downregulation of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Interestingly, NRF2 re-expression significantly reduced prostate cancer onset in TRAMP mice highlighting an important role of NRF2 in prostate tumorigenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed the current literature regarding the role of natural and synthetic compounds in modulating NRF2 pathway in TRAMP mice, an in vivo model of prostate cancer, to give an overview on prostate carcinogenesis and its possible prevention. CONCLUSION We can conclude that specific natural and synthetic compounds can downregulate DNMTs and/or HDACs inhibiting the methylation status of NRF2 promoter, then reactivating the expression of NRF2 protecting normal prostatic cells from ROS damage and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberta Mazzucchelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy. .,Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Ancona, Italy.
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Piperine Attenuates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Oxidative Stress, Lung Inflammation, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Modulating the SIRT1/Nrf2 Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314722. [PMID: 36499047 PMCID: PMC9740588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperine (PIP) is a major phytoconstituent in black pepper which is responsible for various pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activity. To investigate the effects and mechanisms of PIP on cigarette smoke (CS)-induced lung pathology using both in-vitro and in-vivo models. BEAS-2B and A549 cells were exposed to CS extract (CSE) for 48 h; BALB/c mice were exposed to CS (9 cigarettes/day, 4 days) to induce features of airway disease. PIP at doses of (0.25, 1.25, and 6.25 µM, in vitro; 1 and 10 mg/kg, in vivo, i.n) and DEX (1 µM, in vitro; 1 mg/kg, in vivo, i.n) were used to assess cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, epithelial−mesenchymal transition (EMT), Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), inflammation-related cellular signaling, and lung function. PIP treatment protects cells from CSE-induced lung epithelial cell death. PIP treatment restores the epithelial marker (p < 0.05) and decreases the mesenchymal, inflammatory markers (p < 0.05) in both in vitro and in vivo models. The PIP treatment improves the altered lung function (p < 0.05) in mice induced by CS exposure. Mechanistically, PIP treatment modulates SIRT1 thereby reducing the inflammatory markers such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α (p < 0.05) and enhancing the epigenetic marker HDAC2 (p < 0.05) and antioxidant marker Nrf2 (p < 0.05) expressions. Thus, PIP alleviates pulmonary inflammation by modulating the SIRT1-mediated inflammatory cascade, inhibits EMT, and activates Nrf2 signaling.
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Tossetta G. Metformin Improves Ovarian Cancer Sensitivity to Paclitaxel and Platinum-Based Drugs: A Review of In Vitro Findings. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12893. [PMID: 36361682 PMCID: PMC9654053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most dangerous gynecologic cancers worldwide, showing a high fatality rate and recurrence due to diagnosis at an advanced stage of the disease and the occurrence of chemoresistance, which weakens the therapeutic effects of the chemotherapeutic treatments. In fact, although paclitaxel and platinum-based drugs (carboplatin or cisplatin) are widely used alone or in combination to treat ovarian cancer, the occurrence of chemoresistance significantly reduces the effects of these drugs. Metformin is a hypoglycemic agent that is commonly used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, this drug also shows anti-tumor activity, reducing cancer risk and chemoresistance. This review analyzes the current literature regarding the role of metformin in ovarian cancer and investigates what is currently known about its effects in reducing paclitaxel and platinum resistance to restore sensitivity to these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; ; Tel.: +39-0712206270
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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Duarte D, Guerreiro I, Vale N. Novel Strategies for Cancer Combat: Drug Combination Using Repurposed Drugs Induces Synergistic Growth Inhibition of MCF-7 Breast and HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4930-4949. [PMID: 36286050 PMCID: PMC9601176 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44100335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Our group developed a new model of drug combination consisting of the use of antineoplastic drugs and different repurposed drugs, having demonstrated that antimalarial and central nervous system (CNS) drugs have a promising anticancer profile as standalone agents, as well as in combined regimens. Here, we evaluated the anticancer profiles of two different CNS drugs (edaravone and quetiapine), both alone and in combination with antineoplastic agents for breast and colon cancer, to explore whether these repurposed drugs could synergistically enhance the anticancer potential of chemotherapeutic drugs. We also developed a new model of combination using two repurposed drugs, to explore whether this model of combination could also be suitable for application in breast and colon cancer therapy. MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cells were incubated for 48 h with each individual drug (0.01–100 µM) to determine their IC50. Cells were then treated with the IC50 value for doxorubicin or paclitaxel (MCF-7) or 5-fluorouracil (HT-29) and combined with increasing concentrations of edaravone or quetiapine for 48 h. Both cell lines were also treated with a combination of two antimalarial drugs (mefloquine and pyronaridine) or two CNS drugs (fluphenazine and sertraline) for 48 h. We found that the use of quetiapine in combined therapies seems to synergistically enhance the anticancer activity of doxorubicin for the management of breast cancer. Both CNS drugs significantly improved the cytotoxic potential of 5-fluorouracil in HT-29 cells, with quetiapine synergistically interacting with the antineoplastic drug in this drug combination. Regarding the combination of repurposed drugs, only found one synergic combination regimen (sertraline IC50 plus variable concentrations of fluphenazine) with anticancer potential against HT-29 colon cancer cells was found. Taken together, these results suggest that quetiapine and edaravone can be used as adjuvant agents in chemotherapy for colon cancer. It was also found that the combination of repurposed drugs, specifically the CNS drugs sertraline and fluphenazine, may have an interesting profile for application in colon cancer novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Duarte
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Guerreiro
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Information and Decision (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-220426537
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Lae Lae Phoo N, Sukhamwang A, Dejkriengkraikul P, Yodkeeree S. Diclofenac Sensitizes Signet Ring Cell Gastric Carcinoma Cells to Cisplatin by Activating Autophagy and Inhibition of Survival Signal Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012066. [PMID: 36292923 PMCID: PMC9602524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer has one of the highest incidence rates of cancer worldwide while also contributing to increased drug resistance among patients in clinical practice. Herein, we have investigated the role of diclofenac (DCF) on sensitizing cisplatin resistance in signet ring cell gastric carcinoma cells (SRCGC). Non-toxic concentrations of DCF significantly augmented cisplatin-induced cell death in cisplatin-resistant SRCGC cells (KATO/DDP) but not in cisplatin-sensitive SRCGC cells (KATOIII). Consistently, concomitant treatment of DCF and cisplatin significantly enhanced autophagic cell death due to overproduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). At the molecular level, the induction of ROS has been associated with a reduction in antioxidant enzymes expression while inhibiting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity. Moreover, the combination of DCF and cisplatin also inhibited the expression of survival proteins including Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, cIAP1 and cyclin D1 in KATO/DDP cells when compared with cisplatin alone. This was due, at least in part, to reduce MAPKs, Akt, NF-κB, AP-1 and STAT-3 activation. Taken together, our results suggested that DCF potentiated the anticancer effect of cisplatin in SRCGC via the regeneration of intracellular ROS, which in turn promoted cell death as an autophagy mechanism and potentially modulated the cell survival signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nang Lae Lae Phoo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Amonnat Sukhamwang
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pornngarm Dejkriengkraikul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Anticarcinogenesis and Apoptosis Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Supachai Yodkeeree
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Anticarcinogenesis and Apoptosis Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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Resveratrol and FGF1 Synergistically Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Activation of SIRT1-NRF2 Pathway. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194017. [PMID: 36235670 PMCID: PMC9572068 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) has received attention due to dose-dependent cardiotoxicity through abnormal redox cycling. Native fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) is known for its anti-oxidative benefits in cardiovascular diseases, but possesses a potential tumorigenic risk. Coincidentally, the anti-proliferative properties of resveratrol (RES) have attracted attention as alternatives or auxiliary therapy when combined with other chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms of co-treatment of RES and FGF1 in a DOX-treated model. Here, various cancer cells were applied to determine whether RES could antagonize the oncogenesis effect of FGF1. In addition, C57BL/6J mice and H9c2 cells were used to testify the therapeutic potential of a co-treatment of RES and FGF1 against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. We found RES could reduce the growth-promoting activity of FGF1. Additionally, the co-treatment of RES and FGF1 exhibits a more powerful cardio-antioxidative capacity in a DOX-treated model. The inhibition of SIRT1/NRF2 abolished RES in combination with FGF1 on cardioprotective action. Further mechanism analysis demonstrated that SIRT1 and NRF2 might form a positive feedback loop to perform the protective effect on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. These favorable anti-oxidative activities and reduced proliferative properties of the co-treatment of RES and FGF1 provided a promising therapy for anthracycline cardiotoxicity during chemotherapy.
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Liang Q, Xu Z, Liu Y, Peng B, Cai Y, Liu W, Yan Y. NR2F1 Regulates TGF-β1-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Affecting Platinum Sensitivity and Immune Response in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194639. [PMID: 36230565 PMCID: PMC9563458 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism underlying platinum resistance in ovarian cancer (OC) remains unclear. We used bioinformatic analyses to screen differentially expressed genes responsible for platinum resistance and explore NR2F1′s correlation with prognostic implication and OC staging. Moreover, Gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses were used for pathway analysis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) properties, invasion, and migration capacities were analyzed by biochemical methods. The association between NR2F1 and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) infiltration and immunotherapeutic responses were also researched. A total of 13 co-upregulated genes and one co-downregulated gene were obtained. Among them, NR2F1 revealed the highest correlation with a poor prognosis and positively correlated with OC staging. GSEA and GO analysis suggested the induction of EMT via TGFβ-1 might be a possible mechanism that NR2F1 participates in resistance. In vitro experiments showed that NR2F1 knockdown did not affect cell proliferation, but suppressed cell invasion and migration with or without cisplatin treatment through the EMT pathway. We also found that NR2F1 could regulate TGF-β1 signaling, and treating with TGF-β1 could reverse these effects. Additionally, NR2F1 was predominantly associated with immunosuppressive CAF infiltration, which might cause a poor response to immune check blockades. In conclusion, NR2F1 regulates TGF-β1-mediated EMT affecting platinum sensitivity and immune response in OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuanhong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Bi Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuan Cai
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence:
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Decreased Levels of GSH Are Associated with Platinum Resistance in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081544. [PMID: 36009263 PMCID: PMC9404763 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common and aggressive OC histotype. Although initially sensitive to standard platinum-based chemotherapy, most HGSOC patients relapse and become chemoresistant. We have previously demonstrated that platinum resistance is driven by a metabolic shift toward oxidative phosphorylation via activation of an inflammatory response, accompanied by reduced cholesterol biosynthesis and increased uptake of exogenous cholesterol. To better understand metabolic remodeling in OC, herein we performed an untargeted metabolomic analysis, which surprisingly showed decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in resistant cells. Accordingly, we found reduced levels of enzymes involved in GSH synthesis and recycling, and compensatory increased expression of thioredoxin reductase. Cisplatin treatment caused an increase of reduced GSH, possibly due to direct binding hindering its oxidation, and consequent accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Notably, expression of the cysteine-glutamate antiporter xCT, which is crucial for GSH synthesis, directly correlates with post-progression survival of HGSOC patients, and is significantly reduced in patients not responding to platinum-based therapy. Overall, our data suggest that cisplatin treatment could positively select cancer cells which are independent from GSH for the maintenance of redox balance, and thus less sensitive to cisplatin-induced oxidative stress, opening new scenarios for the GSH pathway as a therapeutic target in HGSOC.
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Human Placental Extract Delays In Vitro Cellular Senescence through the Activation of NRF2-Mediated Antioxidant Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081545. [PMID: 36009264 PMCID: PMC9405396 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells accumulate in the organs of aged animals and exacerbate organ dysfunction, resulting in age-related diseases. Oxidative stress accelerates cellular senescence. Placental extract, used in the alleviation of menopausal symptoms and promotion of wound healing and liver regeneration, reportedly protects against oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the effects of human placental extract (HPE) on cellular senescence in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) under oxidative stress conditions. We demonstrated that HPE delays the onset of cellular senescence. Next-generation sequencing analysis revealed that under oxidative stress conditions, HPE treatment enhanced the expression of the antioxidant genes CYGB, APOE, NQO1, and PTGS1. Further, HPE treatment under oxidative stress conditions increased the protein level of nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)—a vital molecule in the antioxidant pathway—via post-transcriptional and/or post-translational regulations. These findings indicate that HPE treatment in NHDFs, under chronic oxidative stress, delays cellular senescence by mitigating oxidative stress via upregulation of the NRF2-mediated antioxidant pathway, and HPE treatment could potentially ameliorate skin-aging-associated damage, in vivo.
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