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Wu L, Wang XJ, Luo X, Zhang J, Zhao X, Chen Q. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy based on Schwann cell injury: mechanisms of cell death regulation and therapeutic perspectives. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1427679. [PMID: 39193373 PMCID: PMC11348392 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1427679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a complication of diabetes mellitus that lacks specific treatment, its high prevalence and disabling neuropathic pain greatly affects patients' physical and mental health. Schwann cells (SCs) are the major glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, which play an important role in various inflammatory and metabolic neuropathies by providing nutritional support, wrapping axons and promoting repair and regeneration. Increasingly, high glucose (HG) has been found to promote the progression of DPN pathogenesis by targeting SCs death regulation, thus revealing the specific molecular process of programmed cell death (PCD) in which SCs are disrupted is an important link to gain insight into the pathogenesis of DPN. This paper is the first to review the recent progress of HG studies on apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and necroptosis pathways in SCs, and points out the crosstalk between various PCDs and the related therapeutic perspectives, with the aim of providing new perspectives for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of DPN and the exploration of effective therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Jin Wang
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingqi Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- College of lntegrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Li K, Chen Z, Chang X, Xue R, Wang H, Guo W. Wnt signaling pathway in spinal cord injury: from mechanisms to potential applications. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1427054. [PMID: 39114641 PMCID: PMC11303303 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1427054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) denotes damage to both the structure and function of the spinal cord, primarily manifesting as sensory and motor deficits caused by disruptions in neural transmission pathways, potentially culminating in irreversible paralysis. Its pathophysiological processes are complex, with numerous molecules and signaling pathways intricately involved. Notably, the pronounced upregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway post-SCI holds promise for neural regeneration and repair. Activation of the Wnt pathway plays a crucial role in neuronal differentiation, axonal regeneration, local neuroinflammatory responses, and cell apoptosis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for treating SCI. However, excessive activation of the Wnt pathway can also lead to negative effects, highlighting the need for further investigation into its applicability and significance in SCI. This paper provides an overview of the latest research advancements in the Wnt signaling pathway in SCI, summarizing the recent progress in treatment strategies associated with the Wnt pathway and analyzing their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, we offer insights into the clinical application of the Wnt signaling pathway in SCI, along with prospective avenues for future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Huaibo Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Hao EY, Liu XL, Chang LY, Xue H, Su BF, Chen YF, Wang DH, Shi L, Chen H. Melatonin alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress to improve ovarian function by regulating the mTOR pathway in aged laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103703. [PMID: 38631228 PMCID: PMC11040121 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Granular cell apoptosis is a key factor leading to follicular atresia and decreased laying rate in aged laying hens. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) induced cell apoptosis is a new type of apoptosis pathway. Previous studies have shown that the ERS pathway is involved in the regulation of follicular development and atresia, and can be regulated by mTOR. Melatonin (MEL) can protect the normal development of follicles, but the precise mechanism by which MEL regulates follicular development is not yet clear. So, we investigated the potential relationship between MEL and ERS and mTOR signaling pathway in vivo through intraperitoneal injection of MEL in aged laying hens. The results show that the laying rate, ovarian follicle number, plasma MEL, E2, LH, FSH concentrations, as well as the mRNA expression of mTOR signaling-associated genes TSC1, TSC2, mTOR, 4E-BP1, and S6K in old later-period chicken control (Old-CN) group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). In contrast, the ERS-related of plasma and granular cell layer mRNA expression of Grp78, CHOP, and Caspase-3 was significantly increased (P < 0.01). While both of the effects were reversed by MEL. Then, aging granulosa cells were treated with MEL in vitro, followed by RNA seq analysis, and it was found that 259 and 322 genes were upregulated and downregulated. After performing GO enrichment analysis, it was found that DEGs significantly contribute to the biological processes including cell growth and apoptosis. Using pathway enrichment analysis, we found significant overrepresentation of cellular processes related to mTOR signaling and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, involving genes such as GRB10, SGK1, PRKCA, RPS6KA2, RAF1, PIK3R3, FOXO1, DERL3, HMOX1, TLR7, VAMP7 and INSIG2. The obtained results of RT-PCR showed consistency with the RNA-Seq data. In summary, the underlined results revealed that MEL has significantly contributed to follicular development via activating the mTOR signaling pathway-related genes and alleviating ERS-related genes in laying hens. The current study provides a theoretical background for enhancing the egg-laying capability of hens and also providing a basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of follicular selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Ying Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Xue-Lu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Li-Yun Chang
- Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, Hebei 063002, China
| | - Han Xue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Bo-Fei Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - De-He Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China.
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Xiaoqin S, Yi T, Xiaoyu L, Ya B, Jingwen S, Yin L. Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine monomer in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37767. [PMID: 38552033 PMCID: PMC10977546 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes. Early symptoms are insidious, while late symptoms mainly include numbness, pain, swelling, and loss of sensation in the limbs, which can lead to disability, foot ulcers, amputation, and so on. At present, the pathogenesis is also complex and diverse, and it is not yet clear. Western medicine treatment mainly focuses on controlling blood sugar and nourishing nerves, but the effect is not ideal. In recent years, it has been found that many drug monomers have shown good therapeutic and prognostic effects in the prevention and treatment of diabetes peripheral neuropathy, and related research has become a hot topic. To understand the specific mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine monomers in treatment, this article provides a review of their mechanism research and key roles. It mainly includes flavonoids, phenols, terpenes, saponins, alkaloids, polysaccharides, etc. By nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), the signaling pathways of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Nrf2/ARE, SIRT1/p53, etc, can play a role in lowering blood sugar, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, inhibiting cell apoptosis, and autophagy, promoting sciatic nerve regeneration, and have great potential in the prevention and treatment of this disease. A systematic summary of its related mechanisms of action was conducted, providing ideas for in-depth research and exploration of richer traditional Chinese medicine components, and also providing a relatively complete theoretical reference for clinical research on diabetes peripheral neuropathy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Xiaoqin
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Tian Yi
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Liu Xiaoyu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Bu Ya
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Shui Jingwen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Liping Yin
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
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Xiong J, Wang Z, Dong Y, Cao J, Chen Y. The signal pathway of melatonin mediates the monochromatic light-induced T-lymphocyte apoptosis in chicken thymus. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103331. [PMID: 38100948 PMCID: PMC10764265 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study revealed that under monochromatic red light (RL), the melatonin nuclear receptor reduces the proliferation activity of broiler thymic lymphocytes through the P65 signaling pathway. The main objective of this study was to investigate the signal mechanism by which RL decreases thymic lymphocyte proliferation. Initially, broilers were purchased and randomly assigned to be fed under white light (WL), red light (RL), green light (GL), and blue light (BL). Pinealectomy was performed 3 d later, and the broilers were euthanized after 14 d. The results showed that the expression of the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2/Bcl-xl decreased under RL, while the expression of the pro-apoptotic factor Bax/caspase-3 and the pro-inflammatory factors INF-γ/TNF-α/IL-6 increased. After pinealectomy, the expression of Bax/TNF-α/IL-6 increased in conjunction with the decrease in Bcl-2 expression. In vitro experiments demonstrated that exogenous melatonin decreased the expression of Bax/TNF-α/IL-6 in thymic lymphocytes of chicks reared under RL. This melatonin-induced effect was enhanced by SR1078 (RORα/RORγ agonist) but attenuated by SR3335 (RORα antagonist) and BAY (P65 antagonist). These findings revealed that the melatonin nuclear receptor RORα/RORγ promotes the expression of the pro-apoptotic factor Bax/caspase-3 and the pro-inflammatory factors INF-γ/TNF-α/IL-6, while inhibiting the expression of the antiapoptotic factor Bcl-2/Bcl-xl. Our research suggested the signaling pathway of monochromatic red light impacts the apoptosis of thymus lymphocytes in broiler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Qixia, Nanjing 210046, China; Laboratory of Anatomy of Domestic Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- Laboratory of Anatomy of Domestic Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yulan Dong
- Laboratory of Anatomy of Domestic Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Laboratory of Anatomy of Domestic Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yaoxing Chen
- Laboratory of Anatomy of Domestic Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China.
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Saghari Y, Movahedi M, Tebianian M, Entezari M. The Neuroprotective Effects of Curcumin Nanoparticles on The Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in The Rats-The Roles of The Protein Kinase RNA-Like ER Kinase/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase and Transcription Factor EB proteins. CELL JOURNAL 2024; 26:62-69. [PMID: 38351730 PMCID: PMC10864777 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2023.1995696.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reduction of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)/re-oxygenation injury, is defined as the paradoxical exacerbation of the cellular dysfunction and death, following restoration of the blood flow to previously ischemic tissues. The re-establishment of blood flow is essential to salvage the ischemic tissues. As a result, the treatment of IRI with novel therapies, which have fewer side effects, are of great importance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of curcumin nanoparticle (CN) pre-treatment on the cerebral I/R rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, CN was administered to rats orally five days before the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) and continued for three days. The intensity of oxidative stress, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione (GSH) content, the activity of mitochondrial enzymes, including succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), curcumin bioavailability, pERK/ERK expression ratio and TFEB protein were studied. Data analysis was performed using Graphpad Prism V.8 software, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS V.26 software). RESULTS Cerebral IRI-damage significantly increased the oxidative stress (P=0.0008) and decreased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT) (P<0.001), super oxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0.001), reduced GSH (P<0.001), mitochondrial enzymes, pERK/ERK expression ratio (P=0.002) and TEFB protein (P=0.005) in rats' brains. In addition, the pre-treatment of the rats with CN resulted in a decrease in the reactive oxygen species (ROS), and an increase in the activities of antioxidants and mitochondrial enzymes. This in turn up-regulated the pERK/ERK expression ratio and TEFB expression. CONCLUSION CN has neuroprotective effects on the cerebral IRI condition due to its antioxidant properties and is able to overexpress the pERK and TFEB proteins; thus, it can be considered as a suitable treatment option during and after the incidence of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Saghari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Monireh Movahedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Tebianian
- Department of Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Barangi S, Mehri S, Moosavi Z, Yarmohammadi F, Hayes AW, Karimi G. Melatonin attenuates liver injury in arsenic-treated rats: The potential role of the Nrf2/HO-1, apoptosis, and miR-34a/Sirt1/autophagy pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23635. [PMID: 38229313 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic is a toxic metalloid found in the environment in different organic and inorganic forms. Molecular mechanisms implicated in arsenic hepatotoxicity are complex but include oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. The current study focused on the potential protective capacity of melatonin against arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were allocated into control, arsenic (15 mg/kg; orally), arsenic (15 mg/kg) plus melatonin (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg; intraperitoneally), and melatonin alone (30 mg/kg) groups for 28 days. After the treatment period, the serum sample was separated to measure liver enzymes (AST and ALT). The liver tissue was removed and then histological alterations, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant capacity, the levels of Nrf2 and HO-1, apoptosis (Bcl-2, survivin, Mcl1, Bax, and caspase-3), and autophagy (Sirt1, Beclin-1, and LC3 II/I ratio) proteins, as well as the expression level of miR-34a, were evaluated on this tissue. Arsenic exposure resulted in the enhancement of serum AST, ALT, and substantial histological damage in the liver. Increased levels of malondialdehyde, a lipid peroxidation marker, and decreased levels of physiological antioxidants including glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were indicators of arsenic-induced oxidative damage. The levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and antiapoptotic proteins diminished, while proapoptotic and autophagy proteins were elevated in the arsenic group concomitant with a low level of hepatic miR-34a. The co-treatment of melatonin and arsenic reversed the changes caused by arsenic. These findings showed that melatonin reduced the hepatic damage induced by arsenic due to its antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties as well as its regulatory effect on the miR-34a/Sirt1/autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Barangi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Moosavi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yarmohammadi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Pérez-Montes C, Jiménez-Cubides JP, Velasco A, Arévalo R, Santos-Ledo A, García-Macia M. REDOX Balance in Oligodendrocytes Is Important for Zebrafish Visual System Regeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2026. [PMID: 38136146 PMCID: PMC10740785 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) present continuous growth and regenerate many parts of their body after an injury. Fish oligodendrocytes, microglia and astrocytes support the formation of new connections producing effective regeneration of the central nervous system after a lesion. To understand the role of oligodendrocytes and the signals that mediate regeneration, we use the well-established optic nerve (ON) crush model. We also used sox10 fluorescent transgenic lines to label fully differentiated oligodendrocytes. To quench the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we used the endogenous antioxidant melatonin. Using these tools, we measured ROS production by flow cytometry and explored the regeneration of the optic tectum (OT), the response of oligodendrocytes and their mitochondria by confocal microscopy and Western blot. ROS are produced by oligodendrocytes 3 h after injury and JNK activity is triggered. Concomitantly, there is a decrease in the number of fully differentiated oligodendrocytes in the OT and in their mitochondrial population. By 24 h, oligodendrocytes partially recover. Exposure to melatonin blocks the changes observed in these oligodendrocytes at 3 h and increases their number and their mitochondrial populations after 24 h. Melatonin also blocks JNK upregulation and induces aberrant neuronal differentiation in the OT. In conclusion, a proper balance of ROS is necessary during visual system regeneration and exposure to melatonin has a detrimental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Pérez-Montes
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (J.P.J.-C.); (A.V.); (R.A.)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jhoana Paola Jiménez-Cubides
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (J.P.J.-C.); (A.V.); (R.A.)
| | - Almudena Velasco
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (J.P.J.-C.); (A.V.); (R.A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rosario Arévalo
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (J.P.J.-C.); (A.V.); (R.A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Adrián Santos-Ledo
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (J.P.J.-C.); (A.V.); (R.A.)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marina García-Macia
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Investigations Network on Frailty and Ageing (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Zhu X, Xie S, Chen J, Lu Q, Wang X, Duan F, Xu S, Zhang Y, Huang H, Wang Y, Wang H, Chen B, Huang H. Sildenafil Enhances the Therapeutic Effect of Islet Transplantation for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy via mTOR/S6K1 Pathway. Int J Endocrinol 2023; 2023:8199029. [PMID: 37841556 PMCID: PMC10576648 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8199029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of sildenafil in combination with islet transplantation for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods A streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model was established to evaluate the effects of islet transplantation and sildenafil intervention. The mice were subjected to different interventions for 6 weeks, and histopathological staining and immunohistochemistry techniques were employed to examine the pathological changes and protein expressions of BDNF, MBP, and cleaved caspase-3 in the sciatic nerve tissue. Moreover, RSC96 cells were cocultured with islet cells and sildenafil under high glucose conditions to investigate the potential involvement of the mTOR/S6K1 pathway, BDNF, and MBP proteins. Western blotting was used to detect protein expression in each group. Results The results showed that islet transplantation can restore sciatic nerve injury in diabetic mice, and sildenafil can enhance the therapeutic effect of islet transplantation. In addition, the combination of sildenafil and islet cells significantly upregulated the expression levels of mTOR/S6K1, BDNF, and MBP in RSC96 cells under high glucose conditions. Conclusions Islet transplantation can reverse sciatic nerve injury in diabetic mice, and islet cells exhibit a protective effect on RSC96 cells under high glucose conditions via the activation of the mTOR/S6K1 pathway. Sildenafil enhances the therapeutic effect of islet transplantation, which may represent a potential treatment strategy for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandong Zhu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shangjing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiaohong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Feixiang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sinian Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongjian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huanjie Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Klymenko A, Lutz D. Melatonin signalling in Schwann cells during neuroregeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:999322. [PMID: 36299487 PMCID: PMC9589221 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.999322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has widely been thought that in the process of nerve regeneration Schwann cells populate the injury site with myelinating, non–myelinating, phagocytic, repair, and mesenchyme–like phenotypes. It is now clear that the Schwann cells modify their shape and basal lamina as to accommodate re–growing axons, at the same time clear myelin debris generated upon injury, and regulate expression of extracellular matrix proteins at and around the lesion site. Such a remarkable plasticity may follow an intrinsic functional rhythm or a systemic circadian clock matching the demands of accurate timing and precision of signalling cascades in the regenerating nervous system. Schwann cells react to changes in the external circadian clock clues and to the Zeitgeber hormone melatonin by altering their plasticity. This raises the question of whether melatonin regulates Schwann cell activity during neurorepair and if circadian control and rhythmicity of Schwann cell functions are vital aspects of neuroregeneration. Here, we have focused on different schools of thought and emerging concepts of melatonin–mediated signalling in Schwann cells underlying peripheral nerve regeneration and discuss circadian rhythmicity as a possible component of neurorepair.
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Combining Network Pharmacology with Experimental Validation to Elucidate the Mechanism of Salvianolic Acid B in Treating Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4997327. [PMID: 36065266 PMCID: PMC9440779 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4997327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is a bioactive component of Radix Salviae, which has antiinflammation and antiapoptotic activity in diabetic complications. However, the molecular mechanism of action of Sal B on diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is unknown. This study was designed to identify a mechanism for Sal B in the treatment of DPN by using a pharmacology network, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments. Methods. Sal B and DPN-related targets from Gene Cards and OMIM platforms were retrieved and screened. Then, an analysis of possible targets with STRING and Cytoscape software was conducted. KEGG signaling pathways were determined using the R software. Subsequently, the binding capacity of Sal B to target proteins was analyzed by molecular docking and in vitro experiments. Results. A total of 501 targets related to Sal B and 4662 targets related to DPN were identified. Among these targets, 108 intersection targets were shared by Sal B and DPN. After topological and cluster analysis, 11 critical targets were identified, including p38MAPK. KEGG analysis revealed that the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway likely plays an important role in Sal B action on DPN. The p38MAPK protein is a key target in the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Molecular docking results suggested that Sal B and p38MAPK have excellent binding affinity (<−5 kcal/mol). The in vitro experiments revealed that Sal B downregulates the expressions of p-P38MAPK, inflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis targets, which are upregulated by hyperglycemia. Conclusion. Sal B may alter DPN by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis activated by p38MAPK.
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12
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Curcumin protect Schwann cells from inflammation response and apoptosis induced by high glucose through the NF-κB pathway. Tissue Cell 2022; 77:101873. [PMID: 35868051 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Demyelination disease as diabetes mellitus (DM) complication is characterized by apoptosis of Schwann cells (SCs) and several reports have demonstrated that high glucose content can induce an inflammation response and lead to the apoptosis of SCs. For NF-κB plays a pivotal role in the inflammatory response, hence we hypothesized that high glucose content can induce inflammation though the NF-κB pathway. First we verified that 150 mM high glucose can increase the expression of cleaved caspase 3, interleukin (IL)- 1β, Cyto-C and NF-κB with time through Western blot and increase the apoptosis of RSC96s through Flow Cytometry. Then we found that high glucose can increase the nuclear translocation NF-κB through confocal system which can promote the expression of inflammation genes such as IL-1β. Curcumin has been reported to possess anti-inflammation activities to protect cells. In this study, we found that application with 25 μM curcumin could alleviate the inflammation response and protect the cells from apoptosis. We revealed that the expression of NF-κB and p-NF-κB was decreased and the translocation was also inhibited after curcumin application. Accordingly, the secretion of IL-1β and the apoptosis of RSC96s induce by high glucose was suppressed. Our cumulative findings suggest that curcumin can protect SCs from apoptosis through the inhibition of the inflammatory response though the NF-κB pathway.
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High glucose induces apoptosis, glycogen accumulation and suppresses protein synthesis in muscle cells of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Br J Nutr 2022; 127:1601-1612. [PMID: 34256876 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521002634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The effect and the mechanism of high glucose on fish muscle cells are not fully understood. In the present study, muscle cells of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) were treated with high glucose (33 mM) in vitro. Cells were incubated in three kinds of medium containing 5 mM glucose, 5 mM glucose and 28 mM mannitol (as an isotonic contrast) or 33 mM glucose named the Control group, the Mannitol group and the high glucose (HG) group, respectively. Results showed that high glucose increased the ADP:ATP ratio and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), induced the release of cytochrome C (CytC) and cell apoptosis. High glucose also led to cell glycogen accumulation by increasing the glucose uptake ability and affecting the mRNA expressions of glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase. Meanwhile, it activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), inhibited the activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway and the expressions of myogenic regulatory factors (MRF). The expressions of myostatin-1 (mstn-1) and E3 ubiquitin ligases including muscle RING-finger protein 1 (murf-1) and muscle atrophy F-box protein (mafbx) were also increased by the high glucose treatment. No difference was found between the Mannitol group and the Control group. These results demonstrate that high glucose has the effects of inducing apoptosis, increasing glycogen accumulation and inhibiting protein synthesis on muscle cells of olive flounder. The mitochondria-mediated apoptotic signalling pathway, AMPK and mTOR pathways participated in these biological effects.
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Melatonin Alleviates Oxidative Stress Induced by H2O2 in Porcine Trophectodern Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061047. [PMID: 35739944 PMCID: PMC9219737 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Placental oxidative stress has been implicated as a main risk factor for placental dysfunction. Alleviation of oxidative stress and enhancement of antioxidant capacity of porcine trophectoderm (PTr2) cells are effective means to maintaining normal placental function. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of melatonin (MT) on H2O2-induced oxidative damage in PTr2 cells. Our data revealed that pretreatment with MT could significantly improve the decrease in cell viability induced by H2O2, and reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the ratio of apoptotic cells. Here, we compared the transcriptomes of untreated versus melatonin-treated PTr2 cells by RNA-seq analysis and found that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were highly enriched in the Wnt signaling, TGF-beta signaling and mTOR signaling pathways. Moreover, pretreatment with MT upregulated the antioxidant-related genes such as early growth response3 (EGR3), WAP four-disulfide core domain1 (WFDC1), heme oxygenase1 (HMOX1) and vimentin (VIM). These findings reveal that melatonin protects PTr2 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage.
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15
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Tang M, Zheng Y, Li J, Hu Y. The X box binding protein 1/C/EBP homologous protein pathway induces apoptosis of endothelial cells under hyperglycemia. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:454. [PMID: 35720621 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maoshun Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518106, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518106, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518106, P.R. China
| | - Yuanlang Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518106, P.R. China
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Busa P, Kuthati Y, Huang N, Wong CS. New Advances on Pathophysiology of Diabetes Neuropathy and Pain Management: Potential Role of Melatonin and DPP-4 Inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:864088. [PMID: 35496279 PMCID: PMC9039240 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.864088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-diabetes and diabetes are growing threats to the modern world. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with comorbidities such as hypertension (83.40%), obesity (90.49%), and dyslipidemia (93.43%), creating a substantial burden on patients and society. Reductive and oxidative (Redox) stress level imbalance and inflammation play an important role in DM progression. Various therapeutics have been investigated to treat these neuronal complications. Melatonin and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (DPP-4i) are known to possess powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and have garnered significant attention in the recent years. In this present review article, we have reviewed the recently published reports on the therapeutic efficiency of melatonin and DPP-4i in the treatment of DM. We summarized the efficacy of melatonin and DPP-4i in DM and associated complications of diabetic neuropathy (DNP) and neuropathic pain. Furthermore, we discussed the mechanisms of action and their efficacy in the alleviation of oxidative stress in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Busa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yaswanth Kuthati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Niancih Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Grauate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Grauate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chih-Shung Wong,
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Amerian N, Talebi A, Safari M, Sameni HR, Ghanbari A, Hayat P, Mohammadi M, Ardekanian M, Zarbakhsh S. Effect of sesamol on damaged peripheral nerves: Evaluation of functional, histological, molecular, and oxidative stress parameters. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2022; 12:602-613. [PMID: 36583179 PMCID: PMC9768853 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2022.20663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective Peripheral nerve injury is a clinical problem that may cause sensory and motor inabilities. Sesamol is an antioxidant that can help in repairing damaged central nervous system (CNS) and other organs. The present study aimed to investigate whether the antioxidant effects of sesamol could improve the function, structure, and myelination in rats' damaged peripheral nervous system (PNS). Materials and Methods In this study, 28 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. In the sham group, the sciatic nerve was exposed and restored to its place without inducing crush injury. The control received DMSO (solvent) and the two experimental groups received 50 or 100 mg/kg sesamol intraperitoneally for 28 days after sciatic nerve crush injury, respectively. Next, sciatic function index (SFI), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and myelin protein zero (MPZ) proteins in the sciatic nerve, and histological indices of the sciatic nerve and gastrocnemius muscle were evaluated. Results The results showed that sesamol reduced oxidative stress parameters, increased expression of NGF and MPZ proteins, and improved function and regeneration of the damaged sciatic nerve. Furthermore, a significant regeneration was observed in the gastrocnemius muscle after treatment with sesamol. Although administration of both doses of sesamol was useful, the 100 mg/kg dose was more effective than the 50 mg/kg one. Conclusion The results suggest that sesamol may be effective in improving damaged peripheral nerves in rats by reducing oxidative stress and increasing the expression of NGF and MPZ proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Amerian
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Athar Talebi
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Safari
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sameni
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbari
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Parisa Hayat
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moslem Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Ardekanian
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sam Zarbakhsh
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran,Corresponding Author: Tel: +98-2333654162, Fax: +98-2333654209,
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Romero A, Ramos E, López-Muñoz F, Gil-Martín E, Escames G, Reiter RJ. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Its Neuroinvasive Capacity: Is It Time for Melatonin? Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022; 42:489-500. [PMID: 32772307 PMCID: PMC7415199 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The world faces an exceptional new public health concern caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), subsequently termed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO). Although the clinical symptoms mostly have been characterized, the scientific community still doesn´t know how SARS-CoV-2 successfully reaches and spreads throughout the central nervous system (CNS) inducing brain damage. The recent detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in frontal lobe sections from postmortem examination has confirmed the presence of the virus in neural tissue. This finding reveals a new direction in the search for a neurotherapeutic strategy in the COVID-19 patients with underlying diseases. Here, we discuss the COVID-19 outbreak in a neuroinvasiveness context and suggest the therapeutic use of high doses of melatonin, which may favorably modulate the immune response and neuroinflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2. However, clinical trials elucidating the efficacy of melatonin in the prevention and clinical management in the COVID-19 patients should be actively encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Romero
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López-Muñoz
- grid.449750.b0000 0004 1769 4416Faculty of Health Sciences, University Camilo José Cela, C/ Castillo de Alarcón 49, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain ,grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (i+12), Avda. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain ,grid.410919.40000 0001 2152 2367Portucalense Institute of Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioural Neurosciences (INPP), Portucalense University, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 541, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Thematic Network for Cooperative Health Research (RETICS), Addictive Disorders Network, Health Institute Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Gil-Martín
- grid.6312.60000 0001 2097 6738Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.507088.2Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria CIBERFES, IBS. Granada, Granada Hospital Complex, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- grid.267309.90000 0001 0629 5880Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
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Ding M, Tang Z, Liu W, Shao T, Yuan P, Chen K, Zhou Y, Han J, Zhang J, Wang G. Burdock Fructooligosaccharide Attenuates High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress Injury in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:784187. [PMID: 34955856 PMCID: PMC8695902 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.784187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress injury are thought to play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Attenuating high glucose (HG)-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury has become a potential approach to ameliorate DN. In recent years, burdock fructooligosaccharide (BFO), a water-soluble inulin-type fructooligosaccharide extracted from burdock root, has been shown to have a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and hypolipidemic activities. However, the role and mechanism of BFO in rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E cells) have rarely been investigated. The present study investigated the protective effect of BFO on HG-induced damage in NRK-52E cells. BFO could protect NRK-52E cells against the reduced cell viability and significantly increased apoptosis rate induced by HG. These anti-oxidative stress effects of BFO were related to the significant inhibition of the production of reactive oxygen species, stabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased antioxidant (superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities. Furthermore, BFO increased the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and Bcl-2 and decreased the expression of Bax. In conclusion, these findings suggest that BFO protects NRK-52E cells against HG-induced damage by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Ding
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhiyan Tang
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Taili Shao
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Pingchuan Yuan
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Kaoshan Chen
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Yuyan Zhou
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Jun Han
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu, China
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20
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Oliveira-Abreu K, Cipolla-Neto J, Leal-Cardoso JH. Effects of Melatonin on Diabetic Neuropathy and Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:100. [PMID: 35008523 PMCID: PMC8744787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to complications, the majority of which are nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Redox imbalance and inflammation are important components of the pathophysiology of these complications. Many studies have been conducted to find a specific treatment for these neural complications, and some of them have investigated the therapeutic potential of melatonin (MEL), an anti-inflammatory agent and powerful antioxidant. In the present article, we review studies published over the past 21 years on the therapeutic efficacy of MEL in the treatment of DM-induced neural complications. Reports suggest that there is a real prospect of using MEL as an adjuvant treatment for hypoglycemic agents. However, analysis shows that there is a wide range of approaches regarding the doses used, duration of treatment, and treatment times in relation to the temporal course of DM. This wide range hinders an objective analysis of advances and prospective vision of the paths to be followed for the unequivocal establishment of parameters to be used in an eventual therapeutic validation of MEL in neural complications of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klausen Oliveira-Abreu
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil;
| | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas 1, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Jose Henrique Leal-Cardoso
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia, Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil;
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21
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Wang M, Yang D, Hu Z, Shi Y, Ma Y, Cao X, Guo T, Cai H, Cai H. Extracorporeal Cardiac Shock Waves Therapy Improves the Function of Endothelial Progenitor Cells After Hypoxia Injury via Activating PI3K/Akt/eNOS Signal Pathway. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:747497. [PMID: 34708093 PMCID: PMC8542843 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.747497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Extracorporeal cardiac shock waves (ECSW) have great potential in the treatment of coronary heart disease. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a class of pluripotent progenitor cells derived from bone marrow or peripheral blood, which have the capacity to migrate to ischemic myocardium and differentiate into mature endothelial cells and play an important role in neovascularization and endothelial repair. In this study, we investigated whether ECSW therapy can improve EPCs dysfunction and apoptosis induced by hypoxia and explored the underlying mechanisms. Methods: EPCs were separated from ApoE gene knockout rat bone marrow and identified using flow cytometry and fluorescence staining. EPCs were used to produce in vitro hypoxia-injury models which were then divided into six groups: Control, Hypoxia, Hypoxia + ECSW, Hypoxia + LY294002 + ECSW, Hypoxia + MK-2206 + ECSW, and Hypoxia + L-NAME + ECSW. EPCs from the Control, Hypoxia, and Hypoxia + ECSW groups were used in mRNA sequencing reactions. mRNA and protein expression levels were analyzed using qRT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and angiogenesis were measured using CCK-8, flow cytometry, gelatin, transwell, and tube formation, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured using an NO assay kit. Results: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were enriched in cancer signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling, and Rap1 signaling pathways. We selected differentially expressed genes in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and verified them using a series of experiments. The results showed that ECSW therapy (500 shots at 0.09 mJ/mm2) significantly improved proliferation, adhesion, migration, and tube formation abilities of EPCs following hypoxic injury, accompanied by upregulation of p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-eNOS, Bcl-2 protein and NO, PI3K, and Akt mRNA expression, and downregulation of Bax and Caspase3 protein expression. All these effects of ECSW were eliminated using inhibitors specific to PI3K (LY294002), Akt (MK-2206), and eNOS (L-NAME). Conclusion: ECSW exerted a strong repaired effect on EPCs suffering inhibited hypoxia injury by inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting angiogenesis, mainly through activating the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway, which provide new evidence for ECSW therapy in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunke Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xingyu Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Hongbo Cai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongyan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Su G, Wu S, Wu M, Wang L, Yang L, Du M, Zhao X, Su X, Liu X, Bai C, Wei Z, Cheng L, Li G. Melatonin improves the quality of frozen bull semen and influences gene expression related to embryo genome activation. Theriogenology 2021; 176:54-62. [PMID: 34571398 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of animal artificial breeding in vitro is still low. Oxidative damage is an important obstacle for in vitro artificial breeding of animals. Melatonin can reduce the degree of oxidative damage to both gametes and embryos caused by the external environment. However, there is still some controversy concerning the effect of melatonin on frozen semen, especially in the processes of freezing semen, IVM, IVF and IVC. Here, the effects of melatonin on the whole processes of sperm cryopreservation, oocyte maturation, and embryonic development were studied. The results demonstrated that melatonin at 10-3 M concentration significantly improved progressive sperm viability, plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity; however, there were also individual differences between bulls, depending on the age of different individuals. The 10-3 M melatonin treatment reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level by nearly 50% in sperm during IVF. Meanwhile, during IVM, the addition of 10-7 M melatonin significantly increased the maturation rate of oocytes and reduced the ROS levels by 58.8%. In addition, 10-7 M melatonin improved the total cell numbers of the IVF blastocysts. Notably, treatment of IVF embryos with melatonin significantly reduced the levels of ROS and influenced the expression levels of key regulatory genes associated with embryo genome activation. This study is of significance for understanding the function of melatonin in animal artificial breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Meiling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Lina Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Mengxin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Xiaohu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Xuefei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Chunling Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Zhuying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Xilingol Vocational College, No.11 Mingantu Street, Xilinhot, 026000, China
| | - Guangpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China; College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Rd., Hohhot, 010070, China.
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Melatonin as a powerful antioxidant. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2021; 71:335-354. [PMID: 36654092 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2021-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone that has many body functions and, for several decades, its antioxidant potential has been increasingly talked about. There is a relationship between failure in melatonin production in the pineal gland, an insufficient supply of this hormone to the body, and the occurrence of free radical etiology diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and others. Despite the development of molecular biology, numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, the exact mechanism of melatonin antioxidant activity is still unknown. Nowadays, the use of melatonin supplementation is more and more common, not only to prevent insomnia, but also to slow down the aging process and provide protection against diseases. The aim of this study is to get acquainted with current reports on melatonin, antioxidative mechanisms and their importance in diseases of free radical etiology.
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Study on Protection of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells from Amiodarone-Induced Damage by Intermedin through Activation of Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8889408. [PMID: 34434487 PMCID: PMC8382522 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8889408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Amiodarone (AM) is one of the most effective antiarrhythmic drugs and normally administrated by intravenous infusion which is liable to cause serious phlebitis. The therapeutic drugs for preventing this complication are limited. Intermedin (IMD), a member of calcitonin family, has a broad spectrum of biological effects including anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant activities, and antiapoptosis. But now, the protective effects of IMD against amiodarone-induced phlebitis and the underlying molecular mechanism are not well understood. In this study, the aim was to investigate the protective efficiency and potential mechanisms of IMD in amiodarone-induced phlebitis. The results of this study revealed that treatment with IMD obviously attenuated apoptosis and exfoliation of vascular endothelial cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the rabbit model of phlebitis induced by intravenous infusion of amiodarone compared with control. Further tests in vitro demonstrated that IMD lessened amiodarone-induced endothelial cell apoptosis, improved amiodarone-induced oxidative stress injury, reduced inflammatory reaction, and activated the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway which was inhibited by amiodarone. And these effects could be reversed by Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor IWR-1-endo, and si-RNA knocked down the gene of Wnt pathway. These results suggested that IMD exerted the protective effects against amiodarone-induced endothelial injury via activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Thus, IMD could be used as a potential agent for the treatment of phlebitis.
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Melatonin Induces Autophagy via Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165038. [PMID: 34443626 PMCID: PMC8400139 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though an increasing number of anticancer treatments have been discovered, the mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) have still been high in the past few years. It has been discovered that melatonin has pro-apoptotic properties and counteracts inflammation, proliferation, angiogenesis, cell invasion, and cell migration. In previous studies, melatonin has been shown to have an anticancer effect in multiple tumors, including CRC, but the underlying mechanisms of melatonin action on CRC have not been fully explored. Thus, in this study, we investigated the role of autophagy pathways in CRC cells treated with melatonin. In vitro CRC cell models, HT-29, SW48, and Caco-2, were treated with melatonin. CRC cell death, oxidative stress, and autophagic vacuoles formation were induced by melatonin in a dose-dependent manner. Several autophagy pathways were examined, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, 5′–adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways. Our results showed that melatonin significantly induced autophagy via the ER stress pathway in CRC cells. In conclusion, melatonin demonstrated a potential as an anticancer drug for CRC.
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Li HW, Ying P, Cai QQ, Yang ZH, Wu XL. Exogenous melatonin alleviates hemorrhagic shock‑induced hepatic ischemic injury in rats by inhibiting the NF‑κB/IκBα signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:341. [PMID: 33760198 PMCID: PMC7974417 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) is an indoleamine hormone that can counteract ischemia-induced organ injury through its antioxidant effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of exogenous MT against hemorrhagic shock (HS)-induced hepatic ischemic injury in rats, and the role of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway in this process. A rat model of HS-induced hepatic ischemic injury was established. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β were measured every 6 h, and the 24-h survival rate of the rats was analyzed. All surviving rats were sacrificed after 24 h. Pathological changes in the liver and the hepatocyte apoptosis rate were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and TUNEL assay, respectively, and the expression levels of NF-κB p65 and NF-κB inhibitor α (IκBα) were analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis and western blotting. The results demonstrated that the serum levels of ALT, AST, LDH, GDH, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-1β gradually increased after HS compared with those in rats subjected to a sham procedure, but this increase was attenuated by MT. Furthermore, the survival rate of the MT group was significantly higher compared with that of the HS group. The degree of pathological hepatic injury, the hepatocyte apoptosis rate, and the hepatic levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-1β were significantly decreased in the MT group compared with the HS group. In addition, the mRNA expression of NF-κB p65 was significantly decreased and the mRNA expression of IκBα was significantly increased in the MT group compared with the sham group. Furthermore, the NF-κB p65 protein levels in the MT group were significantly increased in the cytosol but decreased in the nucleus, and the IκBα protein levels were increased while those of phosphorylated IκBα were decreased compared with those in the HS group. Therefore, it may be inferred that exogenous MT alleviates HS-induced hepatic ischemic injury in rats via the inhibition of NF-κB activation and IκBα phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Wei Li
- Department of Emergency, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Pan Ying
- Department of Emergency, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Qi Cai
- Department of Emergency, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Hui Yang
- Department of Emergency, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Long Wu
- Department of Emergency, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318020, P.R. China
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Wang Y, Wang HL, Xing GD, Qian Y, Zhong JF, Chen KL. S-allyl cysteine ameliorates heat stress-induced oxidative stress by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in BMECs. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 416:115469. [PMID: 33640343 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress-induced oxidative stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) threatens the normal growth and development of bovine mammary tissue, resulting in lower milk production of dairy cows. The aim of the present study is to investigate the protective effects of S-allyl cysteine (SAC), an organosulfur component extracted from aged garlic, on heat stress-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in BMECs and to explore its underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that heat stress treatment considerably decreased cell viability, whereas SAC treatment dose-dependently restored cell viability of BMECs under heat-stress conditions. In addition, SAC protected BMECs from heat stress-induced oxidative damage by inhibiting the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. It also inhibited heat stress-induced apoptosis by reducing the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and blocking proteolytic the cleavage of caspase-3 in BMECs. Interestingly, we found that the protective effect of SAC on heat stress-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis was dependent on the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway. SAC promoted the Nrf2 nuclear translocation in heat stress-induced BMECs. The results were also validated by Nrf2 and Keap1 knockdown experiments further demonstrating that Nrf-2 was indeed involved in the protective effect of SAC on heat stress-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis. In summary, our results showed that SAC could protect BMECs from heat stress-induced injury by mediating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, suggesting that SAC could be considered as a therapeutic drug for attenuating heat stress-induced mammary gland diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Guang-Dong Xing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yong Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ji-Feng Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Youyuan Research Institute of Dairy Industry Co., Ltd, Nanjing 211100, China.
| | - Kun-Lin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
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Wang B, Li J, Bao M, Chen R, Li H, Lu B, Chen M, Huang D, Zhang Y, Gao F, Shi G. Melatonin Attenuates Diabetic Myocardial Microvascular Injury through Activating the AMPK/SIRT1 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8882130. [PMID: 34336116 PMCID: PMC8292078 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8882130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac microvascular endothelial cell (CMEC) dysfunction is considered as a major contributor to the cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus, with oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia playing a critical role in the progression of CMEC dysfunction. Melatonin is a kind of hormone well known for its antioxidant properties, which has potential protective effects against diabetes mellitus and its complications. However, the role of melatonin on CMEC dysfunction caused by hyperglycemia and its molecular mechanisms underlying these effects has not been clarified. Herein, we investigate the protective effects of melatonin on high glucose- (HG-) evoked oxidative stress and apoptosis in CMECs and underlying mechanisms. Our results revealed that melatonin ameliorated the injury caused by HG in primary cultured rat CMECs. Injury can be accompanied by reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production, and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Meanwhile, melatonin treatment significantly inhibited HG-induced CMEC apoptosis. Moreover, melatonin increased the activity of the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling axis in CMECs under HG condition, whereas administration of the AMPK inhibitor compound C or SIRT1 silencing partially abrogated the beneficial effects of melatonin. In streptozotocin- (STZ-) evoked diabetic mice, melatonin notably ameliorated cardiac dysfunction and activated the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling. In conclusion, our findings revealed that melatonin attenuates HG-induced CMEC oxidant stress, apoptosis injury, and STZ-induced cardiac dysfunction through regulating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Pharmaceutical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Mi Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Runji Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Binger Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Meixin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Danmei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Pharmaceutical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Pharmaceutical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Fenfei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Pharmaceutical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ganggang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Pharmaceutical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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Tong Y, Zhang L, Gong R, Shi J, Zhong L, Duan X, Zhu Y. A ROS-scavenging multifunctional nanoparticle for combinational therapy of diabetic nephropathy. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:23607-23619. [PMID: 33210670 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06098d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although synergistic therapy for diabetes mellitus has displayed significant promise for the effective treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN), developing a simple and effective strategy to construct multifunctional nanoparticles is still a huge challenge. Moreover, the complicated pathological mechanism of DN involves various pathway dysfunctions that limit the effectiveness of a single therapeutic approach. Herein, hollow mesoporous silica nanocomposite (HMSN) particles doped with trace cerium oxide that exhibit renoprotective activity have been designed, which not only have the ability to prevent ROS-associated DN pathogenesis but also have high drug loading capacity. Interestingly, the metformin (MET) loaded multifunctional nanoparticles (MET-HMSN-CeO2) with a special size exhibited significantly increased kidney accumulation over free MET. Moreover, the cyclic conversion between Ce3+ and Ce4+ of mixed-valence ceria in our system provides the possibility for long-term ROS-scavenging activity to achieve the antioxidative effect. Then, we investigated the renoprotective effect of these nanoparticles on the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced renal injury rat model and high-glucose induced NRK-52E cell damage model. As a result, our findings demonstrated that the nanoparticles could alleviate the DN symptoms by mitigating oxidative stress, suppressing cellular apoptosis and protecting renal injury both in vitro and in vivo. The kidney deficits of DN are significantly improved after treatment with MET-HMSN-CeO2. Overall, our studies indicated that the MET-HMSN-CeO2 multifunctional nanoparticles would be a promising therapeutic candidate for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
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Wang X, Huan Y, Li C, Cao H, Sun S, Lei L, Liu Q, Liu S, Ji W, Liu H, Huang K, Zhou J, Shen Z. Diphenyl diselenide alleviates diabetic peripheral neuropathy in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes by modulating oxidative stress. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Sumsuzzman DM, Choi J, Khan ZA, Hong Y. Protective Effects of Melatonin against Severe Burn-Induced Distant Organ Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121196. [PMID: 33261180 PMCID: PMC7760393 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive burns result in a local wound response and distant-organ injury (DOI) caused by oxidative-stress and inflammation. Melatonin (MT) shows promise in alleviating oxidative-stress and inflammation, but its role in thermal injury is largely unexplored. The present systematic review and meta-analysis were designed to assess the effects of MT on oxidative-stress and inflammatory markers against severe burn-induced DOI. Mean difference (MD)/standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using fixed-effect/random-effects models. Eighteen experimental studies met the inclusion criteria. Compared with the control group, MT significantly decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (SMD, −1.03; 95% CI, −1.30, −0.76, p < 0.00001) and 4-hydroxynonenal (MD, −1.06; 95% CI, −1.57, −0.56, p < 0.0001). Additionally, MT increased the levels of glutathione (SMD, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.27, 2.61, p < 0.00001) and superoxide-dismutase (SMD, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.08, 1.45, p = 0.03). Finally, MT significantly decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (SMD, −1.34; 95% CI, −1.92 to −0.77; p < 0.00001) and C-reactive protein (MD, −12.67; 95% CI, −16.72 to −8.62; p < 0.00001). Meta-analysis indicates that severe burn followed by immediate MT (10 mg/kg) intervention shows significant beneficial effects after 24-h against DOI by regulating oxidative-stress and the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewan Md. Sumsuzzman
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea; (D.M.S.); (J.C.)
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea;
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-Aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Healthcare Medical Science & Engineering, Gimhae 50834, Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea; (D.M.S.); (J.C.)
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea;
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-Aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Healthcare Medical Science & Engineering, Gimhae 50834, Korea
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Khan
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea;
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-Aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Healthcare Medical Science & Engineering, Gimhae 50834, Korea
| | - Yonggeun Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea; (D.M.S.); (J.C.)
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea;
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-Aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Healthcare Medical Science & Engineering, Gimhae 50834, Korea
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Harvard Medical School-Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-320-3681; Fax: +82-55-329-1678
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Gu H, Li J, Zhang R. Melatonin upregulates DNA-PKcs to suppress apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells via inhibiting miR-101 under H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:1283-1292. [PMID: 33226571 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03991-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin has been implicated in inhibiting oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of endothelial cells. However, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effect of melatonin on apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by H2O2 and explored the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) upregulation contributed to the protective role of melatonin in HUVECs under oxidative stress with H2O2. Further study showed that melatonin treatment led to a decreased level of miRNA-101, which could be responsible for DNA-PKcs upregulation and DNA-PKcs-mediated apoptosis inhibition in HUVECs under oxidative stress with H2O2. Our results also showed that melatonin increased the activity of PI3K/AKT and DNA-PKcs knockdown in melatonin-treated HUVECs that lead to inactivation of PI3K/AKT signaling under oxidative stress with H2O2. Furthermore, blockade of PI3K/AKT signal with LY294002 significantly reduced melatonin-induced apoptosis inhibition in H2O2-treated HUVECs. Taken together, our findings identify a miR-101/DNA-PKcs/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in melatonin-induced endothelial cell apoptosis inhibition under oxidative stress with H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 the Yellow River West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 the Yellow River West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China.
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Hao EY, Wang DH, Chang LY, Huang CX, Chen H, Yue QX, Zhou RY, Huang RL. Melatonin regulates chicken granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis by activating the mTOR signaling pathway via its receptors. Poult Sci 2020; 99:6147-6162. [PMID: 33142533 PMCID: PMC7647829 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a key regulator of follicle granular cell maturation and ovulation. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays an important role in cell growth regulation. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether the mTOR signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of melatonin-mediated proliferation and apoptotic mechanisms in granulosa cells. Chicken follicle granular cells were cultured with melatonin (0, 2, 20, or 200 μmol/L) for 48 h. The results showed that melatonin treatment enhanced proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in granular cells at 20 μmol/L and 200 μmol/L (P < 0.05) by upregulation of cyclin D1 (P < 0.01) and Bcl-2 (P < 0.01) and downregulation of P21, caspase-3, Beclin1, and LC3-II (P < 0.01). The effects resulted in the activation of the mTOR signaling pathway by increasing the expression of avTOR, PKC, 4E-BP1, S6K (P < 0.05), p-mTOR, and p-S6K. We added an mTOR activator and inhibitor to the cells and identified the optimal dose (10 μmol/L MHY1485 and 100 nmol/L rapamycin) for subsequent experiments. The combination of 20 μmol/L melatonin and 10 μmol/L MHY1485 significantly enhanced granulosa cell proliferation (P < 0.05), while 100 nmol/L rapamycin significantly inhibited proliferation and enhanced apoptosis (P < 0.05), but this action was reversed in the 20-μmol/L melatonin and 100-nmol/L rapamycin cotreatment groups (P < 0.05). This was confirmed by mRNA and protein expression that was associated with proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy (P < 0.05). The combination of 20 μmol/L melatonin and 10 μmol/L MHY1485 also activated the mTOR pathway upstream genes PI3K, AKT1, and AKT2 and downstream genes PKC, 4E-BP1, and S6K (P < 0.05), as well as protein expression of p-mTOR and p-S6K. Rapamycin significantly inhibited the mTOR pathway-related genes mRNA levels (P < 0.05). In addition, activation of the mTOR pathway increased melatonin receptor mRNA levels (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that melatonin regulates chicken granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis by activating the mTOR signaling pathway via its receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Ying Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - De-He Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Li-Yun Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Chen-Xuan Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China.
| | - Qiao-Xian Yue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Rong-Yan Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Ren-Lu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
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Zhang YZ, Zhou ZC, Song CY, Chen X. The Protective Effect and Mechanism of Dexmedetomidine on Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1139. [PMID: 32848754 PMCID: PMC7406656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the role of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in the inhibition of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and the protection in the nerve damage. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly allocated to four groups: the control group (C group), DPN model group (DPN group), DEX-treated group (DEX group), and the yohimbine treated group (YOH group). DPN was induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg). The body weights, blood glucose level, mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT), thermal withdrawal latency (TWL), the motor, and sensory nerve conduction velocities (MNCV and SNCV) of sciatic nerve were measured. Then the sciatic nerve was isolated for H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining. The oxidative stress makers such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide-dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and apoptosis related cytokines such as Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 were estimated. Results There was no significant difference of the blood glucose and body weight among the DPN group, DEX group, and YOH group. H&E staining showed that DEX treatment can ameliorate the damage of sciatic nerve cells. In the DPN group, MWT, TWL, MNCV, and SNCV were significantly reduced compared with the C group (P < 0.05). In DEX group rats, MWT, TWL, MNCV, and SNCV were increased significantly (P < 0.05) compared with the DPN group and YOH group rats. Lower SOD and GSH-Px, and higher MDA were found in the DPN group compared with the C group (P < 0.01), and DEX treatment restored SOD, GSH-px, and MDA activity significantly (P < 0.01). The expression levels of Bax and caspase-3 were increased, while that of Bcl-2 was decreased significantly in the DPN group compared with the C group (P < 0.05). In the DEX group, the expression levels of Bax and caspase-3 were decreased significantly (P < 0.05), while that of Bcl-2 was increased significantly (P < 0.05) compared with the DPN group and the YOH group. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated that DEX has the inhibitory and protective effects on DPN of rats. This may be associated with its antioxidative and anti-apoptosis responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liuzhou Workers' Hospital, Liuzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, China and Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, China and Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chun-Yu Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, China and Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liuzhou Workers' Hospital, Liuzhou, China
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Oltipraz Prevents High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in RSC96 Cells through the Nrf2/NQO1 Signalling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5939815. [PMID: 32685505 PMCID: PMC7333049 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5939815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Schwann cell (SC) apoptosis contributes to the occurrence and development of DPN. Effective drugs to prevent SC apoptosis are required to relieve and reverse peripheral nerve injury caused by DM. Oltipraz [4-methyl-5-(2-pyrazinyl)-1,2-dithiole-3-thione], an agonist of nuclear factor erythroid derived-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), exerts strong effect against oxidative stress in animal models or clinical patients in certain diseases, including heart failure, acute kidney injury, and liver injury. The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of oltipraz in preventing SC apoptosis induced by high glucose levels. RSC96 cells pretreated with oltipraz were cultured in high-glucose medium (50 mM glucose) for 24 h, and cells cultured in medium containing 5 mM glucose were used as the control. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the degree of apoptosis. A Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to assess cell viability. The mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using JC-1 staining, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured using 20,70-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining. In addition, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were also evaluated using the corresponding kits. Flow cytometry was subsequently used to detect apoptosis, and western blotting was used to measure the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid derived-2-related factor 2 and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1. The results showed that high glucose concentration increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in RSC96 cells. Oltipraz improved cell viability and reduced apoptosis of RSC96 cells in the high glucose environment. Additionally, oltipraz exhibited a significant antioxidative effect, as shown by the decrease in MDA levels, increased SOD levels, and reduced ROS generation in RSC96 cells. The results of the present study suggest that oltipraz exhibits potential as an effective drug for treatment with DPN.
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Chang JF, Liu SH, Lu KC, Ka SM, Hsieh CY, Ho CT, Lin WN, Wen LL, Liou JC, Chang SW, Wu CC, Wang TM, Li YY. Uremic Vascular Calcification Is Correlated With Oxidative Elastic Lamina Injury, Contractile Smooth Muscle Cell Loss, Osteogenesis, and Apoptosis: The Human Pathobiological Evidence. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:78. [PMID: 32266272 PMCID: PMC7105710 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Uremic vascular calcification (UVC) is reminiscent of osteogenesis and apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC). We aimed to identify how circulating procalcific particles dramatically leak into VSMC layer in human tissue models of vascular rings. Methods: According to baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), patients following lower extremity amputation were divided into three groups: normal renal function (eGFR ≧ 60 ml/min), mild-to-moderate (15 ml/min < eGFR ≧ 60 ml/min) and severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) (eGFR ≦ 15 ml/min). Arterial specimens with immunohistochemistry stain were quantitatively analyzed for UVC, internal elastic lamina (EL) disruption, α-SMA, osteogenesis, apoptosis, and oxidative injury. Correlations among UVC severity, eGFR, EL disruption, osteogenesis, and oxidative injury were investigated. Results: CKD arteries were associated with eGFR-dependent EL disruption corresponding to UVC severity. CKD arteries exhibited lower α-SMA, higher expressions of caspase-3 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), indicative of contractile VSMC loss, and apoptosis. Enhanced expressions of alkaline phosphatase and Runx2 were presented in VSMCs of CKD arteries, indicative of osteogenic differentiation. Above eGFR-dependent UVC and EL disruption correlated expressions of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), indicating oxidative EL injury promoted procalcific processes. Conclusions: Circulating uremic milieu triggers vascular oxidative stress, leading to progressive internal EL disruption as a key event in disabling VSMC defense mechanisms and catastrophic mineral ion influx into VSMC layer. Oxidative EL injury begins in early CKD, corresponding with active VSMC re-programming, apoptosis, and ultimately irremediable UVC. In light of this, therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative tissue injury might be of vital importance to hinder the progression of UVC related cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Feng Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institution of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Academy of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hao Liu
- Division of Pathology, En-Chu-Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shuk-Man Ka
- Academy of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Hsieh
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Ho
- Renal Care Joint Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Academy of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institution of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Li Wen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chiun Liou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Chang
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chin Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, En-Chu-Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yao Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Liu YP, Shao SJ, Guo HD. Schwann cells apoptosis is induced by high glucose in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Life Sci 2020; 248:117459. [PMID: 32092332 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that affects approximately half of patients with diabetes. Current treatment regimens cannot treat DPN effectively. Schwann cells (SCs) are very sensitive to glucose concentration and insulin, and closely associated with the occurrence and development of type 1 diabetic mellitus (T1DM) and DPN. Apoptosis of SCs is induced by hyperglycemia and is involved in the pathogenesis of DPN. This review considers the pathological processes of SCs apoptosis under high glucose, which include the following: oxidative stress, inflammatory reactions, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, nitrification and signaling pathways (PI3K/AKT, ERK, PERK/Nrf2, and Wnt/β-catenin). The clarification of mechanisms underlying SCs apoptosis induced by high glucose will help us to understand and identify more effective strategies for the treatment of T1DM DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Pu Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shui-Jin Shao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hai-Dong Guo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Schisandrin A ameliorates MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease in a mouse model via regulation of brain autophagy. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:1012-1020. [PMID: 31552591 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Schisandrin A (Sch A) is one of the principal bioactive lignans isolated from Fructus schisandrae. In this study, we demonstrated its protective effect and biochemical mechanism of action in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Sch A significantly ameliorated behavioural abnormalities and increased the number of nigral dopaminergic neurons detected by tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry. Pre-treatment with Sch A significantly decreased the levels of the inflammatory mediators IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α and markedly improved antioxidant defences by inhibiting the activity of MDA and increasing that of SOD. Furthermore, Sch A activated expression of the autophagy-related proteins LC3-II, beclin1, parkin, and PINK1 and increased mTOR expression. Taken together, these findings indicate that Sch A has neuroprotective effects against the development of Parkinson's disease via regulation of brain autophagy.
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Plotnikov EY, Zorov DB. Pros and Cons of Use of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080316. [PMID: 31426455 PMCID: PMC6719234 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial targeting is a novel strategy, which addresses pathologies originating from mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, one of the most potent therapeutics arises from the group of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, which specifically quench mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). They show very high efficacy in the treatment of a diverse array of pathologies encountered in this Special Issue of Antioxidants. However, despite very encouraging results in the use of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, the mechanistic principle of delivering these agents is, to some extent, counterproductive to the goal of selectively treating a population of damaged mitochondria. The main problem that arises is that injured mitochondria may carry a lower membrane potential when compared with normal ones and as a result, injured mitochondria are capable of taking up less therapeutic antioxidants than healthy mitochondria. Another problem is that the intracellular activity of mitochondrial ROS differs from cytosolic ROS in that they carry specific intracellular functions which are maintained at a delicate equilibrium and which may be disturbed under careless use of antioxidant doses. Consequently, understanding the overall benefit of targeting dysfunctional mitochondria in pathological tissue requires furthering the development of alternative techniques to target mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor Y Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Dmitry B Zorov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia.
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