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Pasuch Gluzezak AJ, Dos Santos JL, Maria-Engler SS, Gaspar LR. Evaluation of the photoprotective and antioxidant potential of an avobenzone derivative. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1347414. [PMID: 38487263 PMCID: PMC10937738 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1347414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Solar radiation can cause damage to the skin, and the use of sunscreens is one of the main protective measures. However, photounstable ultraviolet (UV) filters can generate photoproducts and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Adding antioxidants, such as resveratrol, to enhance the action of UV filters in sunscreens is an interesting strategy for reducing the damage caused by UV radiation exposure. However, new compounds must have their stability, safety and efficacy guaranteed. Avobenzone, a commonly used UV filter, stands out as a promising candidate for structural modification to enhance its stability. Its molecular hybridization with other UV filters and antioxidants can lead to safer and more effective compounds. In this study, the photoprotective and antioxidant potential of a derivative of avobenzone, hybridized with resveratrol's molecule, was evaluated using in vitro models of cells in monolayer and reconstructed human skin (RHS). Phototoxic potential was assessed using fibroblasts, while the antioxidant activity was measured using the DCFH2-DA probe in HaCaT keratinocytes and in-house RHS. The derivative exhibited UV absorption and demonstrated photostability. It did not exhibit any phototoxic nor photoreactivity potential. Additionally, it was able to photo stabilize a combination of photounstable UV filters, avobenzone and octyl methoxycinnamate, and to reduce their phototoxic potential. In terms of antioxidant activity, the derivative successfully protected against UVA-induced ROS production in the HaCaT keratinocytes model, showing statistical equivalence to the antioxidant control, quercetin (10 μg/mL). Furthermore, experiments conducted in the RHS model demonstrated a significant reduction of 30.7% in ROS generation compared to the irradiated control. This study demonstrated that structural modifications of avobenzone can lead to the development of a broad spectrum (absorbing UVB and UVA II radiation, as well as a portion of the UVA I radiation), non-phototoxic, non-photoreactive and photostable derivative for sunscreen and anti-aging formulations. This derivative enhances protection against oxidative stress induced by UV radiation and improves the effectiveness of sun protection. In addition to the monolayer model, the use of a standardized in-house RHS model was highly relevant for evaluating the effects of UV radiation and skin aging. This model closely mimics human physiological conditions and enables the testing of new compounds and the investigation of protective mechanisms against skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lorena Rigo Gaspar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Jordão AC, Dos Santos GS, Teixeira TR, Gluzezak AJP, de Souza Azevedo CB, de Castro Pereira K, Tonani L, Gaspar LR, von Zeska Kress MR, Colepicolo P, Debonsi HM. Assessment of the photoprotective potential and structural characterization of secondary metabolites of Antarctic fungus Arthrinium sp. Arch Microbiol 2023; 206:35. [PMID: 38141073 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03756-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Interest in Antarctic fungi has grown due to their resilience in harsh environments, suggesting the presence of valuable compounds from its organisms, such as those presenting photoprotective potential, since this environment suffers the most dangerous UV exposure in the world. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the photoprotective potential of compounds from sustainable marine sources, specifically seaweed-derived fungi from Antarctic continent. These studies led to discovery of photoprotective and antioxidant properties of metabolites from Arthrinium sp., an endophytic fungus from Antarctic brown algae Phaeurus antarcticus. From crude extract, fractions A-I were obtained and compounds 1-6 isolated from E and F fractions, namely 3-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol (1), (-)-orthosporin (2), norlichexanthone (3), anomalin B (4), anomalin A (5), and agonodepside B (6). Compounds 1, 2, and 6 were not previously reported in Arthrinium. Fraction F demonstrated excellent absorbance in both UVA and UVB regions, while compound 6 exhibited lower UVB absorbance, possibly due to synergistic effects. Fraction F and compound 6 displayed photostability and were non-phototoxic to HaCaT cells. They also exhibited antioxidant activity by reducing intracellular ROS production induced by UVA in keratinocyte monolayers and reconstructed human skin models (resulting in 34.6% and 30.2% fluorescence reduction) and did not show irritation potential in HET-CAM assay. Thus, both are promising candidates for use in sunscreens. It is noted that Fraction F does not require further purification, making it advantageous, although clinical studies are necessary to confirm its potential applicability for sunscreen formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Jordão
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Souza Dos Santos
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Thaiz Rodrigues Teixeira
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Disease, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University California San Diego, California, CA, USA
| | - Ana Júlia Pasuch Gluzezak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Bechuate de Souza Azevedo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina de Castro Pereira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ludmilla Tonani
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lorena Rigo Gaspar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia Regina von Zeska Kress
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Pio Colepicolo
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Hosana Maria Debonsi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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3
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Yan J, Li Z, Liang Y, Yang C, Ou W, Mo H, Tang M, Chen D, Zhong C, Que D, Feng L, Xiao H, Song X, Yang P. Fucoxanthin alleviated myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury through inhibition of ferroptosis via the NRF2 signaling pathway. Food Funct 2023; 14:10052-10068. [PMID: 37861458 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02633g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Background: Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a severe complication of revascularization therapy in patients with myocardial infarction. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to find more therapeutic solutions for MIRI. Recently, ferroptosis, which is characterized by lipid peroxidation, was considered a critical contributor to MIRI. Fucoxanthin (FX), a natural antioxidant carotenoid, which is abundant in brown seaweed, exerts protective effects under various pathological conditions. However, whether FX alleviates MIRI is unclear. This study aims to clarify the effects of FX on MIRI. Methods: Mice with left anterior descending artery ligation and reperfusion were used as in vivo models. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCs) induced with hypoxia and reperfusion were used as in vitro models. TTC-Evans blue staining was performed to validate the infarction size. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to detect mitochondrial injury in cardiomyocytes. In addition, 4 weeks after MIRI, echocardiography was performed to measure cardiac function; fluorescent probes and western blots were used to detect ferroptosis. Results: TTC-Evans blue staining showed that FX reduced the infarction size induced by MIRI. Transmission electron microscopy showed that FX ameliorated the MIRI-induced myofibril loss and mitochondrion shrinkage. Furthermore, FX improved LVEF and LVFS and inhibited myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis after 4 weeks in mice with MIRI. In the in vitro study, calcein AM/PI staining and TUNEL staining showed that FX reduced cell death caused by hypoxia and reperfusion treatment. DCFH-DA and MitoSOX probes indicated that FX inhibited cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, C11-BODIPY 581/591 staining, ferro-orange staining, MDA assay, Fe2+ assay, 4-hydroxynonenal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western blot were performed and the results revealed that FX ameliorated ferroptosis in vitro and in vivo, as indicated by inhibiting lipid ROS and Fe2+ release, as well as by modulating ferroptosis hallmark FTH, TFRC, and GPX4 expression. Additionally, the protective effects of FX were eliminated by the NRF2 inhibitor brusatol, as observed from western blotting, C11-BODIPY 581/591 staining, and calcein AM/PI staining, indicating that FX exerted cardio-protective effects on MIRI through the NRF2 pathway. Conclusion: Our study showed that FX alleviated MIRI through the inhibition of ferroptosis via the NRF2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zehua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaobo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Ou
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaqiang Mo
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Deshu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Chongbin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongdong Que
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Liyun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xudong Song
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Pingzhen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
- Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
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Smeriglio A, Lionti J, Ingegneri M, Burlando B, Cornara L, Grillo F, Mastracci L, Trombetta D. Xanthophyll-Rich Extract of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin as New Photoprotective Cosmeceutical Agent: Safety and Efficacy Assessment on In Vitro Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104190. [PMID: 37241930 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The nutritional and health properties of algae make them perfect functional ingredients for nutraceutical and cosmeceutical applications. In this study, the Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin (Phaeodactylaceae), a pleiomorphic diatom commonly found in marine ecosystems, was investigated. The in vitro culture conditions used favoured the fusiform morphotype, characterized by a high accumulation of neutral lipids, as detected by fluorescence microscopy after BODIPY staining. These data were confirmed by HPLC-DAD-APCI-MS/MS analyses carried out on the ethanolic extract (PTE), which showed a high content of xanthophylls (98.99%), and in particular of fucoxanthin (Fx, 6.67 g/100 g PTE). The antioxidant activity (ORAC, FRAP, TEAC and β-carotene bleaching) and photostability of PTE and Fx against UVA and UVB rays were firstly evaluated by in vitro cell-free assays. After this, phototoxicity and photoprotective studies were carried out on in vitro reconstructed human epidermidis models. Results demonstrated that PTE (0.1% Fx) and 0.1% Fx, both photostable, significantly (p < 0.05) reduce oxidative and inflammatory stress markers (ROS, NO and IL-1α), as well as cytotoxicity and sunburn cells induced by UVA and UVB doses simulating the solar radiation, with an excellent safety profile. However, PTE proved to be more effective than Fx, suggesting its effective and safe use in broad-spectrum sunscreens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Joseph Lionti
- Archimede Ricerche Srl, Corso Italia 220, 18033 Camporosso, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Via Leon Battista Alberti, 2, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Ingegneri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Burlando
- Department of Pharmacy-DIFAR, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Cornara
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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5
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Tavares RSN, Adamoski D, Girasole A, Lima EN, da Silva Justo-Junior A, Domingues R, Silveira ACC, Marques RE, de Carvalho M, Ambrosio ALB, Leme AFP, Dias SMG. Different biological effects of exposure to far-UVC (222 nm) and near-UVC (254 nm) irradiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 243:112713. [PMID: 37086566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet C (UVC) light has long been used as a sterilizing agent, primarily through devices that emit at 254 nm. Depending on the dose and duration of exposure, UV 254 nm can cause erythema and photokeratitis and potentially cause skin cancer since it directly modifies nitrogenated nucleic acid bases. Filtered KrCl excimer lamps (emitting mainly at 222 nm) have emerged as safer germicidal tools and have even been proposed as devices to sterilize surgical wounds. All the studies that showed the safety of 222 nm analyzed cell number and viability, erythema generation, epidermal thickening, the formation of genetic lesions such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and pyrimidine-(6-4)-pyrimidone photoproducts (6-4PPs) and cancer-inducing potential. Although nucleic acids can absorb and be modified by both UV 254 nm and UV 222 nm equally, compared to UV 254 nm, UV 222 nm is more intensely absorbed by proteins (especially aromatic side chains), causing photooxidation and cross-linking. Here, in addition to analyzing DNA lesion formation, for the first time, we evaluated changes in the proteome and cellular pathways, reactive oxygen species formation, and metalloproteinase (MMP) levels and activity in full-thickness in vitro reconstructed human skin (RHS) exposed to UV 222 nm. We also performed the longest (40 days) in vivo study of UV 222 nm exposure in the HRS/J mouse model at the occupational threshold limit value (TLV) for indirect exposure (25 mJ/cm2) and evaluated overall skin morphology, cellular pathological alterations, CPD and 6-4PP formation and MMP-9 activity. Our study showed that processes related to reactive oxygen species and inflammatory responses were more altered by UV 254 nm than by UV 222 nm. Our chronic in vivo exposure assay using the TLV confirmed that UV 222 nm causes minor damage to the skin. However, alterations in pathways related to skin regeneration raise concerns about direct exposure to UV 222 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Spagolla Napoleão Tavares
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Douglas Adamoski
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Girasole
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ellen Nogueira Lima
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amauri da Silva Justo-Junior
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Romênia Domingues
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Clara Caznok Silveira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Elias Marques
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Murilo de Carvalho
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andre Luis Berteli Ambrosio
- Sao Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Carlos, Zip Code 13563-1203, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Franco Paes Leme
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Martha Gomes Dias
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Zip Code 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Wang Y, Yang J, Wang Y, Chang Y, Xue C, Zhang T. Preparation and properties of fucoxanthin-loaded liposomes stabilized by sea cucumber derived cholesterol sulfate instead of cholesterol. J Biosci Bioeng 2023; 135:160-166. [PMID: 36494249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of steady-state phospholipid liposomes requires cholesterol as a stabilizer, but excessive intake of cholesterol may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The sulfated sterols extracted from sea cucumber, mainly including sulfated 24-methylene cholesterol and cholesterol sulfate, have been reported to have a variety of physiological activities. Sulfated sterols are similar to cholesterol in structure and have the potential to replace cholesterol to prepare novel stable multifunctional liposomes, allowing the liposomes to act as carriers for the delivery of less bioavailable nutrients while allowing sulfated sterols in the lipid bilayer to exert physiologically active effects. This study aimed to prepare a novel multifunctional nanoliposome stabilized with sulfated sterols from sea cucumber instead of cholesterol by ultrasound-assisted thin-film dispersion method. The results showed that stable and uniformly dispersed nanoliposomes could be formed when the substitution ratio of sea cucumber-derived cholesterol sulfate was 100% and the ratio of lecithin to cholesterol sulfate was 3:1. Fucoxanthin encapsulated liposome with egg yolk lecithin/sea cucumber-derived cholesterol sulfate/fucoxanthin mass ratio of 6:2:3 was successfully prepared, with an average particle size of 214 ± 3 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) value of 0.297 ± 0.006, the zeta potential of -57.2 ± 1.10 mV, and the encapsulation efficiency of 85.5 ± 0.8%. The results of digestion and absorption in vitro and in vivo showed that liposomes could significantly improve the bioavailability of fucoxanthin and prolong its residence time in serum. As an efficient multifunctional carrier, this novel liposome has great potential for applications in functional foods and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunling Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jinyue Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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7
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Guan B, Chen K, Tong Z, Chen L, Chen Q, Su J. Advances in Fucoxanthin Research for the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammation-Related Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224768. [PMID: 36432455 PMCID: PMC9694790 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to its unique structure and properties, fucoxanthin (FX), a carotenoid, has attracted significant attention. There have been numerous studies that demonstrate FX's anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-obesity properties against inflammation-related diseases. There is no consensus, however, regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. In this review, we summarize the potential health benefits of FX in inflammatory-related diseases, from the perspective of animal and cellular experiments, to provide insights for future research on FX. Previous work in our lab has demonstrated that FX remarkably decreased LPS-induced inflammation and improved survival in septic mice. Further investigation of the activity of FX against a wide range of diseases will require new approaches to uncover its molecular mechanism. This review will provide an outline of the current state of knowledge regarding FX application in the clinical setting and suggest future directions to implement FX as a therapeutic ingredient in pharmaceutical sciences in order to develop it into a treatment strategy against inflammation-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Guan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Kunsen Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Zhiyong Tong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Neurocritical Care, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
- Correspondence: (Q.C.); (J.S.); Tel./Fax: +86-0591-22868190 (Q.C.); +86-0591-22868830 (J.S.)
| | - Jingqian Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
- Correspondence: (Q.C.); (J.S.); Tel./Fax: +86-0591-22868190 (Q.C.); +86-0591-22868830 (J.S.)
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8
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Marine algae colorants: Antioxidant, anti-diabetic properties and applications in food industry. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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Montuori E, Capalbo A, Lauritano C. Marine Compounds for Melanoma Treatment and Prevention. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810284. [PMID: 36142196 PMCID: PMC9499452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is considered a multifactorial disease etiologically divided into melanomas related to sun exposure and those that are not, but also based on their mutational signatures, anatomic site, and epidemiology. The incidence of melanoma skin cancer has been increasing over the past decades with 132,000 cases occurring globally each year. Marine organisms have been shown to be an excellent source of natural compounds with possible bioactivities for human health applications. In this review, we report marine compounds from micro- and macro-organisms with activities in vitro and in vivo against melanoma, including the compound Marizomib, isolated from a marine bacterium, currently in phase III clinical trials for melanoma. When available, we also report active concentrations, cellular targets and mechanisms of action of the mentioned molecules. In addition, compounds used for UV protection and melanoma prevention from marine sources are discussed. This paper gives an overview of promising marine molecules which can be studied more deeply before clinical trials in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Montuori
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anita Capalbo
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Lauritano
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0815833221
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10
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Deng J, Wu X, He W, Mu X, Nie X. Molecular mechanisms of Marine-Derived Natural Compounds as photoprotective strategies. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109174. [PMID: 35998505 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Excessive exposure of the skin to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) causes oxidative stress, inflammation, immunosuppression, apoptosis, and changes in the extracellular matrix, which lead to the development of photoaging and photodamage of skin. At the molecular level, these pathological changes are mainly caused by the activation of related protein kinases and downstream transcription pathways, the increase of matrix metalloproteinase, the formation of reactive oxygen species, and the combined action of cytokines and inflammatory mediators. At present, the photostability, toxicity, and damage to marine ecosystems of most sun protection products in the market have affected their efficacy and safety. Another way is to use natural products produced by various marine species. Marine organisms have evolved a variety of molecular strategies to protect themselves from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation, and their unique chemicals have attracted more and more attention in the research of photoprotection and photoaging resistance. This article provides an extensive description of the recent literature on the potential of Marine-Derived Natural Compounds (MDNCs) as photoprotective and photoprotective agents. It reviews the positive effects of MDNCs in counteracting UV-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, apoptosis, immunosuppression, and extracellular matrix degradation. Some MDNCs have the potential to develop feasible solutions for related phenomena, such as photoaging and photodamage caused by UVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Liu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Junyu Deng
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Xingqian Wu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Wenjie He
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Xingrui Mu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Xuqiang Nie
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China.
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11
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Chu CC, Hasan ZAA, Tan CP, Nyam KL. In vitro safety evaluation of sunscreen formulation from nanostructured lipid carriers using human cells and skin model. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 84:105431. [PMID: 35809791 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is a risk of toxicological reactions due to systemic absorption and photo-instability of sunscreens. The study aimed to investigate the safety profile (cytotoxicity, phototoxicity, photostability, UV filter release profile, and skin irritation properties) of sunscreen (NLC-TRF sunscreen) produced from nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF). The cytotoxicity and phototoxicity of the sunscreen were evaluated on normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and skin irritation properties was tested on skin model. Besides, the photoprotection in pre- and post-UV irradiation were analysed to determine the photostability. Additionally, the release profile for UV filters (diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate (DHHB) and ethylhexyl triazone (EHT)) were evaluated. The NLC-TRF sunscreen demonstrated no cytotoxicity and skin irritation to cause cell death. It showed no phototoxic effect and high photostability up to 10 Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) to ensure high SPF value above 50 and broad-spectrum of UV absorption. The NLC-TRF sunscreen implies its safety for topical application with sustainable release profile for UV filter (cumulative release of 28% for DHHB and 40% for EHT after 8 h) due to the application of NLCs. The results suggest that the NLC-TRF sunscreen is an advanced formulation with improved stability and is safe for topical delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Chin Chu
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zafarizal Aldrin Azizul Hasan
- Advanced Oleochemical Technology Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kar Lin Nyam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Mohibbullah M, Haque MN, Sohag AAM, Hossain MT, Zahan MS, Uddin MJ, Hannan MA, Moon IS, Choi JS. A Systematic Review on Marine Algae-Derived Fucoxanthin: An Update of Pharmacological Insights. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:279. [PMID: 35621930 PMCID: PMC9146768 DOI: 10.3390/md20050279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin, belonging to the xanthophyll class of carotenoids, is a natural antioxidant pigment of marine algae, including brown macroalgae and diatoms. It represents 10% of the total carotenoids in nature. The plethora of scientific evidence supports the potential benefits of nutraceutical and pharmaceutical uses of fucoxanthin for boosting human health and disease management. Due to its unique chemical structure and action as a single compound with multi-targets of health effects, it has attracted mounting attention from the scientific community, resulting in an escalated number of scientific publications from January 2017 to February 2022. Fucoxanthin has remained the most popular option for anti-cancer and anti-tumor activity, followed by protection against inflammatory, oxidative stress-related, nervous system, obesity, hepatic, diabetic, kidney, cardiac, skin, respiratory and microbial diseases, in a variety of model systems. Despite much pharmacological evidence from in vitro and in vivo findings, fucoxanthin in clinical research is still not satisfactory, because only one clinical study on obesity management was reported in the last five years. Additionally, pharmacokinetics, safety, toxicity, functional stability, and clinical perspective of fucoxanthin are substantially addressed. Nevertheless, fucoxanthin and its derivatives are shown to be safe, non-toxic, and readily available upon administration. This review will provide pharmacological insights into fucoxanthin, underlying the diverse molecular mechanisms of health benefits. However, it requires more activity-oriented translational research in humans before it can be used as a multi-target drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mohibbullah
- Department of Fishing and Post Harvest Technology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
- Seafood Research Center, Silla University, #605, Advanced Seafood Processing Complex, Wonyang-ro, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49277, Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Division of Bioindustry, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea
| | - Md. Nazmul Haque
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.N.H.); (I.S.M.)
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.A.M.S.); (M.T.H.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Md. Tahmeed Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.A.M.S.); (M.T.H.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Md. Sarwar Zahan
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh; (M.S.Z.); (M.J.U.)
| | - Md. Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh; (M.S.Z.); (M.J.U.)
| | - Md. Abdul Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.A.M.S.); (M.T.H.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (M.N.H.); (I.S.M.)
| | - Jae-Suk Choi
- Seafood Research Center, Silla University, #605, Advanced Seafood Processing Complex, Wonyang-ro, Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49277, Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Division of Bioindustry, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea
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13
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Infante VHP, Maia Campos PMBG, Gaspar LR, Darvin ME, Schleusener J, Rangel KC, Meinke MC, Lademann J. Safety and efficacy of combined essential oils for the skin barrier properties: In vitro, ex vivo and clinical studies. Int J Cosmet Sci 2022; 44:118-130. [PMID: 34986500 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and the synergistic effects of tea tree, lavender, eucalyptus and tangerine essential oils in combination on the skin using in vitro, ex vivo and clinical studies. METHODS The phototoxicity was predicted using 3T3 neutral red uptake phototoxicity test (OECD TG 432). Skin penetration was evaluated by confocal Raman microspectroscopy using direct application of essential oils to pig ears. For the clinical studies, 40 participants were enrolled and randomized in three groups: (1) lavender, eucalyptus and tangerine, (2) the same essential oils plus melaleuca and (3) placebo group. The skin was evaluated by noninvasive techniques before and after a 90-day period of topical use. RESULTS The essential oils were non-phototoxic, but the tangerine oil showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity (IC50: 33.1 µg/ml), presenting 35% of penetration in the viable epidermis. On the contrary, 17.7 µg/ml in combination was applied per day in the clinical study and the penetration rate for the combinations (10%, 1.77 µg/ml achieving the viable epidermis) guaranteed the safety, since in the clinical study, the application of the four essential oils improved skin barrier and morphologic skin characteristics, as well as increased skin hydration and decreased sebum levels, with no unwanted effects reported. CONCLUSIONS All essential oils studied were considered non-cytotoxic or non-phototoxic separately except tangerine, which present a dose-dependent cytotoxicity. Finally, the essential oils in combination in an appropriate amount were safe and effective in the improvement of the hydrolipidic balance and morphological properties of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor H P Infante
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrícia M B G Maia Campos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lorena Rigo Gaspar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maxim E Darvin
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Schleusener
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karen C Rangel
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martina C Meinke
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lademann
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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14
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Costa-Lotufo LV, Colepicolo P, Pupo MT, Palma MS. Bioprospecting macroalgae, marine and terrestrial invertebrates & their associated microbiota. BIOTA NEOTROPICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2022-1345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The present review aims the discussion of the impact of the bioprospection initiative developed by the projects associated to BIOprospecTA, a subprogram of the program BIOTA, supported by FAPESP. This review brings a summary of the main results produced by the projects investigating natural products (NPs) from non-plants organisms, as examples of the success of this initiative, focusing on the progresses achieved by the projects related to NPs from macroalgae, marine invertebrates, arthropods and associated microorganisms. Macroalgae are one of the most studied groups in Brazil with the isolation of many bioactive compounds including lipids, carotenoids, phycocolloids, lectins, mycosporine-like amino acids and halogenated compounds. Marine invertebrates and associated microorganisms have been more systematically studied in the last thirty years, revealing unique compounds, with potent biological activities. The venoms of Hymenopteran insects were also extensively studied, resulting in the identification of hundreds of peptides, which were used to create a chemical library that contributed for the identification of leader models for the development of antifungal, antiparasitic, and anticancer compounds. The built knowledge of Hymenopteran venoms permitted the development of an equine hyperimmune serum anti honeybee venom. Amongst the microorganisms associated with insects the bioprospecting strategy was to understand the molecular basis of intra- and interspecies interactions (Chemical Ecology), translating this knowledge to possible biotechnological applications. The results discussed here reinforce the importance of BIOprospecTA program on the development of research with highly innovative potential in Brazil.
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Seth K, Kumar A, Rastogi RP, Meena M, Vinayak V, Harish. Bioprospecting of fucoxanthin from diatoms — Challenges and perspectives. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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16
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Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Effects of Microalgal Carotenoids. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19100531. [PMID: 34677429 PMCID: PMC8539290 DOI: 10.3390/md19100531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute inflammation is a key component of the immune system’s response to pathogens, toxic agents, or tissue injury, involving the stimulation of defense mechanisms aimed to removing pathogenic factors and restoring tissue homeostasis. However, uncontrolled acute inflammatory response may lead to chronic inflammation, which is involved in the development of many diseases, including cancer. Nowadays, the need to find new potential therapeutic compounds has raised the worldwide scientific interest to study the marine environment. Specifically, microalgae are considered rich sources of bioactive molecules, such as carotenoids, which are natural isoprenoid pigments with important beneficial effects for health due to their biological activities. Carotenoids are essential nutrients for mammals, but they are unable to synthesize them; instead, a dietary intake of these compounds is required. Carotenoids are classified as carotenes (hydrocarbon carotenoids), such as α- and β-carotene, and xanthophylls (oxygenate derivatives) including zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, lutein, α- and β-cryptoxanthin, and canthaxanthin. This review summarizes the present up-to-date knowledge of the anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of microalgal carotenoids both in vitro and in vivo, as well as the latest status of human studies for their potential use in prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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17
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Teixeira TR, Rangel KC, Tavares RSN, Kawakami CM, Dos Santos GS, Maria-Engler SS, Colepicolo P, Gaspar LR, Debonsi HM. In Vitro Evaluation of the Photoprotective Potential of Quinolinic Alkaloids Isolated from the Antarctic Marine Fungus Penicillium echinulatum for Topical Use. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:357-372. [PMID: 33811268 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Marine-derived fungi proved to be a rich source of biologically active compounds. The genus Penicillium has been extensively studied regarding their secondary metabolites and biological applications. However, the photoprotective effects of these metabolites remain underexplored. Herein, the photoprotective potential of Penicillium echinulatum, an Antarctic alga-associated fungus, was assessed by UV absorption, photostability study, and protection from UVA-induced ROS generation assay on human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) and reconstructed human skin (RHS). The photosafety was evaluated by the photoreactivity (OECD TG 495) and phototoxicity assays, performed by 3T3 neutral red uptake (3T3 NRU PT, OECD TG 432) and by the RHS model. Through a bio-guided purification approach, four known alkaloids, (-)-cyclopenin (1), dehydrocyclopeptine (2), viridicatin (3), and viridicatol (4), were isolated. Compounds 3 and 4 presented absorption in UVB and UVA-II regions and were considered photostable after UVA irradiation. Despite compounds 3 and 4 showed phototoxic potential in 3T3 NRU PT, no phototoxicity was observed in the RHS model (reduction of cell viability < 30%), which indicates their very low acute photoirritation and high photosafety potential in humans. Viridicatin was considered weakly photoreactive, while viridicatol showed no photoreactivity; both compounds inhibited UVA-induced ROS generation in HaCaT cells, although viridicatol was not able to protect the RHS model against UVA-induced ROS production. Thus, the results highlighted the photoprotective and antioxidant potential of metabolites produced by P. echinulatum which can be considered a new class of molecules for photoprotection, since their photosafety and non-cytotoxicity were predicted using recommended in vitro methods for topical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaiz Rodrigues Teixeira
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Karen Cristina Rangel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Spagolla Napoleão Tavares
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Martins Kawakami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Souza Dos Santos
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvya Stuchi Maria-Engler
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pio Colepicolo
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lorena Rigo Gaspar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Hosana Maria Debonsi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Sui Y, Gu Y, Lu Y, Yu C, Zheng J, Qi H. Fucoxanthin@Polyvinylpyrrolidone Nanoparticles Promoted Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death in Caco-2 Human Colon Cancer Cells. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:92. [PMID: 33562511 PMCID: PMC7915087 DOI: 10.3390/md19020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (FX), a natural carotenoid found in seaweed with multiple functional activities, is unstable with a poor water solubility that limits its utilization. This study aimed to improve FX's stability and bioavailability via the nano-encapsulation of FX in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated FX@PVP nanoparticles (NPs). The FX@PVP NPs were evaluated in terms of their morphology, stability, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC), and in vitro release to optimize the encapsulation parameters, and a 1:8 FX:PVP ratio was found to perform the best with the highest EE (85.50 ± 0.19%) and LC (10.68 ± 0.15%) and improved FX stability. In addition, the FX@PVP NPs were shown to effectively deliver FX into Caco-2 cancer cells, and the accumulation of FX in these cancer cells showed pro-oxidative activities to ameliorate H2O2-induced damage and cell death. The FX@PVP NPs could potentially become a new therapeutical approach for targeted cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sui
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Provincial Aquatic Products Deep Processing Technology Research Center, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yue Gu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Provincial Aquatic Products Deep Processing Technology Research Center, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yujing Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Provincial Aquatic Products Deep Processing Technology Research Center, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chenxu Yu
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Jie Zheng
- Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hang Qi
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Provincial Aquatic Products Deep Processing Technology Research Center, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.)
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19
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Xiao H, Zhao J, Fang C, Cao Q, Xing M, Li X, Hou J, Ji A, Song S. Advances in Studies on the Pharmacological Activities of Fucoxanthin. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E634. [PMID: 33322296 PMCID: PMC7763821 DOI: 10.3390/md18120634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin is a natural carotenoid derived mostly from many species of marine brown algae. It is characterized by small molecular weight, is chemically active, can be easily oxidized, and has diverse biological activities, thus protecting cell components from ROS. Fucoxanthin inhibits the proliferation of a variety of cancer cells, promotes weight loss, acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, interacts with the intestinal flora to protect intestinal health, prevents organ fibrosis, and exerts a multitude of other beneficial effects. Thus, fucoxanthin has a wide range of applications and broad prospects. This review focuses primarily on the latest progress in research on its pharmacological activity and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xiao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (H.X.); (J.Z.); (Q.C.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Jiarui Zhao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (H.X.); (J.Z.); (Q.C.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Chang Fang
- Test Center for Agri‐Products Quality of Jinan, Jinan 250316, China;
| | - Qi Cao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (H.X.); (J.Z.); (Q.C.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Maochen Xing
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (H.X.); (J.Z.); (Q.C.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Xia Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (H.X.); (J.Z.); (Q.C.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Junfeng Hou
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (H.X.); (J.Z.); (Q.C.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Aiguo Ji
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (H.X.); (J.Z.); (Q.C.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Shuliang Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (H.X.); (J.Z.); (Q.C.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
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Catanzaro E, Bishayee A, Fimognari C. On a Beam of Light: Photoprotective Activities of the Marine Carotenoids Astaxanthin and Fucoxanthin in Suppression of Inflammation and Cancer. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E544. [PMID: 33143013 PMCID: PMC7692561 DOI: 10.3390/md18110544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Every day, we come into contact with ultraviolet radiation (UVR). If under medical supervision, small amounts of UVR could be beneficial, the detrimental and hazardous effects of UVR exposure dictate an unbalance towards the risks on the risk-benefit ratio. Acute and chronic effects of ultraviolet-A and ultraviolet-B involve mainly the skin, the immune system, and the eyes. Photodamage is an umbrella term that includes general phototoxicity, photoaging, and cancer caused by UVR. All these phenomena are mediated by direct or indirect oxidative stress and inflammation and are strictly connected one to the other. Astaxanthin (ASX) and fucoxanthin (FX) are peculiar marine carotenoids characterized by outstanding antioxidant properties. In particular, ASX showed exceptional efficacy in counteracting all categories of photodamages, in vitro and in vivo, thanks to both antioxidant potential and activation of alternative pathways. Less evidence has been produced about FX, but it still represents an interesting promise to prevent the detrimental effect of UVR. Altogether, these results highlight the importance of digging into the marine ecosystem to look for new compounds that could be beneficial for human health and confirm that the marine environment is as much as full of active compounds as the terrestrial one, it just needs to be more explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Catanzaro
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
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Herranz-López M, Barrajón-Catalán E. Antioxidants and Skin Protection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080704. [PMID: 32759650 PMCID: PMC7466033 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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