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Getirana-Mota M, Aidar FJ, Ribeiro Neto F, Santos TP, Almeida-Neto PFD, Cabral BGDAT, Vieira-Souza LM, D. Garrido N, Reis VM, Souza RF. Comparison of Neuromuscular Fatigue in Powerlifting Paralympics in Different Training Methods. Sports Med Int Open 2024; 8:a22077922. [PMID: 38812958 PMCID: PMC11135401 DOI: 10.1055/a-2207-7922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Mean propulsive velocity (MPV) has been associated with neuromuscular fatigue; however, its suitability for strength training in Paralympic powerlifting (PP) remains uncertain. The objective of this work was to evaluate the MPV in two training methods (traditional-TRAD and eccentric-ECC). Eleven PP athletes were evaluated pre, during the intervention and post intervention at a load of 80% of the 1RM for TRAD and 110%-80% of 1 RM for ECC. The results demonstrated that there was no significant neuromuscular fatigue for the TRAD (~5% performance loss), as well as no significant decline in MPV during the intervention. For the ECC, there is a significant reduction in MPV before and after training (~12% loss of performance). A difference between TRAD and ECC after the intervention was also identified (0.87 m/s±0.22, 95% CI 0.72-1.02 vs. 0.72±0.20, 95% CI 0.59-0.86 p=0.042, F(3.30)=10.190, η2p=0.505 - very high effect). During the intervention for ECC, no significant decline in MPV was observed. The results of this study suggest that the mechanical indices of MPV do not seem to be effective indicators of neuromuscular fatigue in the sample studied or in the context of this specific training regime, being more indicated as a control of training volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Getirana-Mota
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe,
Sao Cristovao, Brazil
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and
Paralympic Sports - GPEPS, the Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão,
Brazil
- Graduate Program of Physiological Science, Federal University of
Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Felipe J. Aidar
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe,
Sao Cristovao, Brazil
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and
Paralympic Sports - GPEPS, the Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão,
Brazil
- Graduate Program of Physiological Science, Federal University of
Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | | | - Taísa Pereira Santos
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe,
Sao Cristovao, Brazil
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and
Paralympic Sports - GPEPS, the Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão,
Brazil
| | | | | | - Lucio Marques Vieira-Souza
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe,
Sao Cristovao, Brazil
- Physical Education Course, State University of Minas Gerais-UEMG,
Passos, Brazil
| | - Nuno D. Garrido
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human
Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real,
Portugal
| | - Victor M. Reis
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human
Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real,
Portugal
| | - Raphael Fabricio Souza
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe,
Sao Cristovao, Brazil
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and
Paralympic Sports - GPEPS, the Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão,
Brazil
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2
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Tu B, Wang Y, Wu Z, Zhou W, Tang X, Zhang C, Gao Y. DIA-based serum proteomics revealed the protective effect of modified siwu decoction against hypobaric hypoxia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117303. [PMID: 37827297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Siwu decoction (SWD) is a common traditional formula for nourishing blood, and its derived formulas are also widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinic. However, the protective effects of SWD and its derived formulas on blood deficiency and blood stasis caused by rushing to the plateau are rarely reported, and the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study explores the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of modified siwu decoction (MSWD) adding Persicae Semans (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) and Carthami Flos (Carthamus tinctorius L.) against hypobaric hypoxia (HH). The acute toxicity of MSWD was also evaluated to further validate the potential of MSWD as a therapeutic candidate for HH. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hypoxic models of C57BL/6 J and KM male mice were used to evaluate the pharmacological effect of MSWD. 2 μL serum sample of C57BL/6 J mice was digested into peptide mixtures and analyzed with DIA mode on an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos mass spectrometer after LC separation. The peptide and protein identifications were limited to a 1% FDR. Screening of differential expressed proteins, correlation analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis, principal components analysis and Mfuzz analysis were all performed by R packages. The protein-protein interaction network was analyzed using the STRING website and constructed with Cytoscape software. RESULTS MSWD showed a protective effect against acute hypoxia exposure through increasing the number of red blood cells and improving hemodynamics indexes in mice. Meanwhile, the biochemical results showed that MSWD could reduce the inflammation and oxidative stress, reduce the content of organ injury biomarkers and significantly improve the high-intensity exercise ability of mice. Subsequently, serum DIA proteomic results revealed significant changes in proteomic characteristics after MSWD intervention. Specifically, proteins related to oxidative stress and ubiquitin-proteasome system, such as Sod1, Gstp1, Vcp and Usp14, were down-regulated after MSWD intervention, suggesting that the protective effect of MSWD involved the reduction of oxidative stress and energy expenditure. MSWD also intervened in energy metabolism and lipid metabolism processes by altering the expression levels of Eno1, Sphk1 and Apoa1 to ameliorate hypoxia-induced disorders. At the same time, MSWD acute toxicity test showed no obvious toxicity. CONCLUSIONS MSWD has a good protective effect against HH by ameliorating hypoxia-induced disorders of energy and lipid metabolism, supporting MSWD as a safe drug candidate for the prevention and treatment of acute hypoxia fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodan Tu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330000, China; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yihao Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Zhenhui Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330000, China; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xianglin Tang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guang Zhou, 510006, China
| | - Yue Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330000, China; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guang Zhou, 510006, China; Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, 100853, China.
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3
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Santos LCV, Aidar FJ, Villar R, Greco G, de Santana JL, Marçal AC, de Almeida-Neto PF, de Araújo Tinoco Cabral BG, Badicu G, Nobari H, de Souza RF, da Silva Júnior WM. Evaluation of the Training Session in Elite Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes Based on Biomechanical and Thermal Indicators. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:151. [PMID: 37624131 PMCID: PMC10459933 DOI: 10.3390/sports11080151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paralympic powerlifting (PP) is performed on a bench press, aiming to lift as much weight as possible in a single repetition. PURPOSE To evaluate thermal asymmetry and dynamic force parameters with 45 and 80% 1 Repetition Maximum (1 RM) in PP athletes. METHODS Twelve elite PP male athletes were evaluated before and after a training session regarding skin temperature (thermography) and dynamic force indicators (Average Propulsive Velocity-MPV, Maximum Velocity-VMax, and Power). The training consisted of five series of five repetitions (5 × 5) with 80% 1 RM. The force indicators and dynamics before and after (45% 1 RM) were evaluated in series "1" and "5" with 80% 1 RM. RESULTS The temperature did not present asymmetry, and there were differences between the moment before and after. In MPV, Vmax, and Power, with 45% 1 RM, there were differences both in asymmetry and in moments (p < 0.005). With 80% 1 RM, asymmetry was observed, but no differences between moments (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION No thermal asymmetry was observed. There were reductions in MVP and VMax at 45 and 80% 1 RM but without significant differences between time points (before and after). However, there was asymmetry in the moments before and after within a safety standard, where Paralympic powerlifting was safe in terms of asymmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Christine Vieira Santos
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (L.C.V.S.); (A.C.M.); (R.F.d.S.); (W.M.d.S.J.)
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Felipe J. Aidar
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (L.C.V.S.); (A.C.M.); (R.F.d.S.); (W.M.d.S.J.)
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Physiological Science, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
- Cardiorespiratory & Physiology of Exercise Research Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; (R.V.); (J.L.d.S.)
| | - Rodrigo Villar
- Cardiorespiratory & Physiology of Exercise Research Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; (R.V.); (J.L.d.S.)
| | - Gianpiero Greco
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Jefferson Lima de Santana
- Cardiorespiratory & Physiology of Exercise Research Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; (R.V.); (J.L.d.S.)
| | - Anderson Carlos Marçal
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (L.C.V.S.); (A.C.M.); (R.F.d.S.); (W.M.d.S.J.)
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (P.F.d.A.-N.); (B.G.d.A.T.C.)
| | | | - Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Brasov, Romania;
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Raphael Frabrício de Souza
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (L.C.V.S.); (A.C.M.); (R.F.d.S.); (W.M.d.S.J.)
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Walderi Monteiro da Silva Júnior
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (L.C.V.S.); (A.C.M.); (R.F.d.S.); (W.M.d.S.J.)
- Graduate Program of Health Science, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
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Aidar FJ. Sports and Special Populations: Training Physiology in Health and Sports Performance. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2198. [PMID: 37570438 PMCID: PMC10419208 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11152198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Health is increasingly being studied, notably concerning preventive measures for health issues [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe J. Aidar
- Graduate Program of Physiological Science, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil;
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
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Sellami M, Puce L, Bragazzi NL. Immunological Response to Exercise in Athletes with Disabilities: A Narrative Review of the Literature. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1692. [PMID: 37372810 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For a person with a disability, participating in sports activities and/or competitions can be a challenge for the immune system. The relationship between exercise and immunity response in disabled athletes is, indeed, extremely complex for several reasons, including (1) the chronic low-grade inflammatory and immunodepression-"secondary immune deficiency"-state imposed by the disability/impairment; (2) the impact of the disability on an array of variables, spanning from physical fitness to well-being, quality of life, sleep, and nutritional aspects, among others, which are known to mediate/modulate the effects of exercise on human health; (3) the variability of the parameters related to the exercise/physical activity (modality, frequency, intensity, duration, training versus competition, etc.); and (4) the intra- and inter-individual variability of the immunological response to exercise. In able-bodied athletes, previously published data described several exercise-induced changes affecting various immunological subsets and subpopulations, ranging from neutrophils to lymphocytes, and monocytes. Broadly, moderate intensity workout is accompanied by optimal immunity and resistance to infections such as upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in athletes. Periods of intense training with insufficient recovery can cause a temporary state of immunosuppression, which should end with a few days of rest/recovery from exercise. Disabled athletes are relatively overlooked and understudied with respect to their able-bodied counterparts. Findings from the few studies available on paralympic and disabled athletes are here summarized and analyzed utilizing a narrative approach to review and determine the major features of the immunological and inflammatory responses to exercise in this specific population. Moreover, a few studies have reported behavioral, dietary, and training strategies that can be adopted to limit exercise-induced immunosuppression and reduce the risk of infection in people with disabilities. However, given the paucity of data and contrasting findings, future high-quality investigations on paralympic and disabled athletes are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Sellami
- Physical Education Department, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Luca Puce
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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Puce L, Trabelsi K, Trompetto C, Mori L, Marinelli L, Currà A, Faelli E, Ferrando V, Okwen P, Kong JD, Ammar A, Bragazzi NL. A Bibliometrics-Enhanced, PAGER-Compliant Scoping Review of the Literature on Paralympic Powerlifting: Insights for Practices and Future Research. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:2319. [PMID: 36421643 PMCID: PMC9690829 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Paralympic powerlifting (PP), formerly known as "International Paralympic Committee" (IPC) powerlifting, is the format of powerlifting adapted for athletes with disabilities, and it differs from the version for able-bodied athletes in that it consists of bench press only. According to the mandate of the IPC, PP athletes should be enabled to achieve sporting excellence. As such, rigorous evidence is needed. However, to the best of our knowledge, there exists no systematic assessment of the body of scholarly evidence in the field of PP. Therefore, the present study was conducted to fill in this gap of knowledge, by conducting a scoping review of the literature enhanced by a bibliometrics analysis and by mining two major scholarly databases (MEDLINE via PubMed and Scopus). The aim was to provide a review/summary of the findings to date to help practitioners and athletes. Thirty-seven studies were retained in the present study. These covered the following thematic areas: (i) warm-up strategies (n = 2); (ii) aspects of training (n = 2); (iii) physiological aspects and responses (n = 2); (iv) psychological aspects and responses (n = 2); (v) biomechanics of bench press (n = 8); (vi) recovery strategy (n = 5); (vii) impact of the disability and type of disability (n = 4); (viii) epidemiology of PP (n = 6); and (ix) new analytical/statistical approaches for kinematics assessments, internal load monitoring, and predictions of mechanical outputs in strength exercises and in PP (n = 6). Bibliometrics analysis of the PP-related scientific output revealed that, despite having already become a paralympic sports discipline in 1984, only in the last few years, PP has been attracting a lot of interest from the community of researchers, with the first scholarly contribution dating back to 2012, and with more than one-third of the scientific output being published this year (2022). As such, this scholarly discipline is quite recent and young. Moreover, the community dealing with this topic is poorly interconnected, with most authors contributing to just one article, and with one single author being a hub node of the author network. Distributions of the number of articles and the authors/co-authors were found to be highly asymmetrical, indicating that this research is still in its infancy and has great room as well as great potential to grow. Reflecting this, many research topics are also overlooked and underdeveloped, with the currently available evidence being based on a few studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Puce
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Carlo Trompetto
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Mori
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Lucio Marinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Antonio Currà
- Academic Neurology Unit, A. Fiorini Hospital, 04019 Terracina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Faelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Vittoria Ferrando
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Centro Polifunzionale di Scienze Motorie, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrick Okwen
- Effective Basic Services (eBASE), Bamenda 5175, Cameroon
| | - Jude Dzevela Kong
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Achraf Ammar
- Academic Institute of Sport Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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Badicu G, Clemente FM, Murawska-Cialowicz E. Biological Mechanisms Underlying Physical Fitness and Sports Performance: An Editorial. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1425. [PMID: 36290329 PMCID: PMC9598305 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In general, the concept of a mechanism in biology has three distinct meanings [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Brasov, Romania
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicacoes, Delegacao da Covilha, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Eugenia Murawska-Cialowicz
- Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
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Aidar FJ, Brito CJ, de Matos DG, de Oliveira LAS, de Souza RF, de Almeida-Neto PF, de Araújo Tinoco Cabral BG, Neiva HP, Neto FR, Reis VM, Marinho DA, Marques MC, Clemente FM, Nobari H. Force-velocity relationship in Paralympic powerlifting: two or multiple-point methods to determine a maximum repetition. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:159. [PMID: 36002849 PMCID: PMC9400284 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00552-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Due to the absence of evidence in the literature on Paralympic Powerlifting the present study investigated various methods to assess bench press maximum repetition and the way each method influences the measurement of minimum velocity limit (MVT), load at zero velocity (LD0), and force–velocity (FV).
Objective To evaluate the precision of the multi-point method using proximal loads (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% of one repetition maximum; 1RM) compared to the four-point method (50, 60, 70, and 80% of 1RM) and the two-point method using distant loads (40 and 80% and 50 and 80% of 1RM) in in the MVT, LD0, and FV, in bench press performed by Paralympic Powerlifters (PP).
Methods To accomplish this, 15 male elite PP athletes participated in the study (age: 27.7 ± 5.7 years; BM: 74.0 ± 19.5 kg). All participants performed an adapted bench press test (free weight) with 6 loads (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% 1RM), 4 loads (50, 60, 70, and 80% 1RM), and 2 loads (40–80% and 50–80% 1RM). The 1RM predictions were made by MVT, LD0, and FV.
Results The main results indicated that the multiple (4 and 6) pointsmethod provides good results in the MVT (R2 = 0.482), the LD0 (R2 = 0.614), and the FV (R2 = 0.508). The two-point method (50–80%) showed a higher mean in MVT [1268.2 ± 502.0 N; ICC95% 0.76 (0.31–0.92)], in LD0 [1504.1 ± 597.3 N; 0.63 (0.17–0.86)], and in FV [1479.2 ± 636.0 N; 0.60 (0.10–0.86)].
Conclusion The multiple-point method (4 and 6 points) and the two-point method (40–80%) using the MVT, LD0, and FV all showed a good ability to predict bench press 1RM in PP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe J Aidar
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão, 49100-000, Brazil.,Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão, 49100-000, Brazil.,Graduate Program of Physiological Science, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão, 49100-000, Brazil.,Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ciro José Brito
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sport, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, 36036-330, Brazil
| | - Dihogo Gama de Matos
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão, 49100-000, Brazil.,Cardiorespiratory and Physiology of Exercise Research Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Levy Anthony S de Oliveira
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Rapahel Fabrício de Souza
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão, 49100-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Henrique P Neiva
- Department of Sport Sciences, Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Beira Interior, 6201-001, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Frederico Ribeiro Neto
- Paralympic Sports Program, SARAH Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Brasilia, 71535-005, Brazil
| | - Victor Machado Reis
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Daniel A Marinho
- Department of Sport Sciences, Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Beira Interior, 6201-001, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Mário C Marques
- Department of Sport Sciences, Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Beira Interior, 6201-001, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto E Lazer, Rua Escola Industrial E Comercial de Nun'Álvares, Instituto Politécnico de Viana Do Castelo, 4900-347, Viana do Castelo, Portugal.,Delegação da Covilhã, Instituto de Telecomunicações, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran. .,Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Braşov, 500068, Braşov, Romania. .,Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Avenida de La Universidad, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
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Aidar FJ, Fraga GS, Getirana-Mota M, Marçal AC, Santos JL, de Souza RF, Vieira-Souza LM, Ferreira ARP, de Matos DG, de Almeida-Neto PF, Garrido ND, Díaz-de-Durana AL, Knechtle B, de Araújo Tinoco Cabral BG, Murawska-Ciałowicz E, Nobari H, Silva AF, Clemente FM, Badicu G. Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10071331. [PMID: 35885857 PMCID: PMC9323516 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10071331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Paralympic powerlifting (PP) training is typically intense and causes fatigue and alterations in the immune system. Objective: To analyze whether IBU would affect performance and the immune system after training in PP. Methodology: 10 athletes at the national level (NL) and 10 at the regional level (RL) participated in the study, where force and blood indicators were evaluated after training. The study took place over three weeks: (1) familiarization and (2 and 3) comparison between recovery methods, with ibuprofen or placebo (IBU vs. PLA), 800 mg. In the evaluation of the force, the peak torque (PT), fatigue index (FI), and blood immune system biomarkers were analyzed. The training consisted of five sets of five repetitions with 80% of one maximum repetition (5 × 5, 80% 1RM) on the bench press. Results: The PT at the national level using IBU was higher than with PLA (p = 0.007, η2p = 0.347), and the FI in the NL was lower with IBU than with PLA (p = 0.002, η2p = 0.635), and when comparing the use of IBU, the NL showed less fatigue than the regional level (p = 0.004, η2p = 0.414). Leukocytes, with the use of IBU in the NL group, were greater than in the RL (p = 0.001, η2p = 0.329). Neutrophils, in the NL with IBU, were greater than in the RL with IBU and PLA (p = 0.025, η2p = 0.444). Lymphocytes, in NL with IBU were lower than in RL with IBU and PLA (p = 0.001, η2p = 0.491). Monocytes, in the NL with IBU and PLA, were lower than in the RL with IBU (p = 0.049, η2p = 0.344). For hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte, the NL with IBU and PLA were higher than the RL with IBU and PLA (p < 0.05). Ammonia, with the use of IBU in the NL, obtained values higher than in the RL (p = 0.007), and with the use of PLA, the NL was higher than the RL (p = 0.038, η2p = 0.570). Conclusion: The training level tends to influence the immune system and, combined with the use of the IBU, it tends to improve recovery and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe J. Aidar
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (F.J.A.); (G.S.F.); (M.G.-M.); (A.C.M.); (J.L.S.); (R.F.d.S.); (L.M.V.-S.)
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Physiological Science, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Guacira S. Fraga
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (F.J.A.); (G.S.F.); (M.G.-M.); (A.C.M.); (J.L.S.); (R.F.d.S.); (L.M.V.-S.)
| | - Márcio Getirana-Mota
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (F.J.A.); (G.S.F.); (M.G.-M.); (A.C.M.); (J.L.S.); (R.F.d.S.); (L.M.V.-S.)
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Anderson Carlos Marçal
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (F.J.A.); (G.S.F.); (M.G.-M.); (A.C.M.); (J.L.S.); (R.F.d.S.); (L.M.V.-S.)
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Jymmys L. Santos
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (F.J.A.); (G.S.F.); (M.G.-M.); (A.C.M.); (J.L.S.); (R.F.d.S.); (L.M.V.-S.)
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Raphael Fabricio de Souza
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (F.J.A.); (G.S.F.); (M.G.-M.); (A.C.M.); (J.L.S.); (R.F.d.S.); (L.M.V.-S.)
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Lucio Marques Vieira-Souza
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (F.J.A.); (G.S.F.); (M.G.-M.); (A.C.M.); (J.L.S.); (R.F.d.S.); (L.M.V.-S.)
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State Univerity of Minas Gerais (UEMG), Passos 37900-106, Brazil
| | | | - Dihogo Gama de Matos
- Cardiovascular & Physiology of Exercise Laboratory, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;
| | - Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, Brazil; (P.F.d.A.-N.); (B.G.d.A.T.C.)
| | - Nuno Domingos Garrido
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Alfonso López Díaz-de-Durana
- Sports Department, Physical Activity and Sports Faculty-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Beat Knechtle
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, 9001 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz
- Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, Iran;
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Ana Filipa Silva
- Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; (A.F.S.); (F.M.C.)
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Polytechnic Institute of Maia, Maia, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; (A.F.S.); (F.M.C.)
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Brasov, Romania
- Correspondence:
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Does the Level of Training Interfere with the Sustainability of Static and Dynamic Strength in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes? SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Paralympic powerlifting (PP) presents adaptations that the training tends to provide, mainly concerning the mechanical variables. Objective: Our aim was to analyze mechanical, dynamic and static indicators, at different intensities, on the performance of paralympic powerlifting athletes. Methods: 23 athletes of PP, 11 national level (NL) and 12 regional level (RL) performed dynamic and static tests over a comprehensive range of loads. The study evaluated regional and national level athletes and the influence on the training level on the performance of strength. The study was carried out in four weeks, with the first week to familiarize with the one repetition maximum (1RM), day 1, and there was a 72-h rest and familiarization with dynamic and static tests carried out day 2. In week 2, the 1RM tests were performed (day 1 and 72 h later), and the static tests were performed with a distance of 15 cm from the bar to the chest, with the tests of maximum isometric strength, time to maximum isometric strength, rate of force development (RFD), impulse, variability and fatigue index (IF) taking place on day 2. In weeks three and four dynamic tests were performed, including means propulsive velocity, maximum velocity, power and prediction of one maximum repeat. Results: Differences were found, with better results than for RL in relation to NL in MVP (45%, 55%, and 75% 1RM), in VMax (50%, 55%, 75% and 95% 1RM). In power, the NL had better results (40%, 45%, 50%, 60% and 95% 1RM). Conclusion: RL athletes tend to present better results with regard to velocity, however in power, NL athletes tend to present better performances.
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