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Holbert CE, Casero RA, Stewart TM. Polyamines: the pivotal amines in influencing the tumor microenvironment. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:173. [PMID: 38761252 PMCID: PMC11102423 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01034-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular proliferation, function and survival is reliant upon maintaining appropriate intracellular polyamine levels. Due to increased metabolic needs, cancer cells elevate their polyamine pools through coordinated metabolism and uptake. High levels of polyamines have been linked to more immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TME) as polyamines support the growth and function of many immunosuppressive cell types such as MDSCs, macrophages and regulatory T-cells. As cancer cells and other pro-tumorigenic cell types are highly dependent on polyamines for survival, pharmacological modulation of polyamine metabolism is a promising cancer therapeutic strategy. This review covers the roles of polyamines in various cell types of the TME including both immune and stromal cells, as well as how competition for nutrients, namely polyamine precursors, influences the cellular landscape of the TME. It also details the use of polyamines as biomarkers and the ways in which polyamine depletion can increase the immunogenicity of the TME and reprogram tumors to become more responsive to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra E Holbert
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert A Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tracy Murray Stewart
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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2
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Wu H, Ma W, Wang Y, Wang Y, Sun X, Zheng Q. Gut microbiome-metabolites axis: A friend or foe to colorectal cancer progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116410. [PMID: 38460373 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
An expanding corpus of research robustly substantiates the complex interrelation between gut microbiota and the onset, progression, and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Investigations in both animal models and human subjects have consistently underscored the role of gut bacteria in a variety of metabolic activities, driven by dietary intake. These activities include amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate fermentation, and the generation and regulation of bile acids. These metabolic derivatives, in turn, have been identified as significant contributors to the progression of colorectal cancer. This thorough review meticulously explores the dynamic interaction between gut bacteria and metabolites derived from the breakdown of amino acids, fatty acid metabolism, and bile acid synthesis. Notably, bile acids have been recognized for their potential carcinogenic properties, which may expedite tumor development. Extensive research has revealed a reciprocal influence of gut microbiota on the intricate spectrum of colorectal cancer pathologies. Furthermore, strategies to modulate gut microbiota, such as dietary modifications or probiotic supplementation, may offer promising avenues for both the prevention and adjunctive treatment of colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, additional research is imperative to corroborate these findings and enhance our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms in colorectal cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Wenmeng Ma
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yiyao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Qianqian Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China.
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3
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Liu J, Tian R, Sun C, Guo Y, Dong L, Li Y, Song X. Microbial metabolites are involved in tumorigenesis and development by regulating immune responses. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1290414. [PMID: 38169949 PMCID: PMC10758836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1290414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota is symbiotic with the host and can create a variety of metabolites. Under normal conditions, microbial metabolites can regulate host immune function and eliminate abnormal cells in a timely manner. However, when metabolite production is abnormal, the host immune system might be unable to identify and get rid of tumor cells at the early stage of carcinogenesis, which results in tumor development. The mechanisms by which intestinal microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), microbial tryptophan catabolites (MTCs), polyamines (PAs), hydrogen sulfide, and secondary bile acids, are involved in tumorigenesis and development by regulating immune responses are summarized in this review. SCFAs and MTCs can prevent cancer by altering the expression of enzymes and epigenetic modifications in both immune cells and intestinal epithelial cells. MTCs can also stimulate immune cell receptors to inhibit the growth and metastasis of the host cancer. SCFAs, MTCs, bacterial hydrogen sulfide and secondary bile acids can control mucosal immunity to influence the occurrence and growth of tumors. Additionally, SCFAs, MTCs, PAs and bacterial hydrogen sulfide can also affect the anti-tumor immune response in tumor therapy by regulating the function of immune cells. Microbial metabolites have a good application prospect in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors, and our review provides a good basis for related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Ruxian Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Caiyu Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xicheng Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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Elmarsafawi AG, Hesterberg RS, Fernandez MR, Yang C, Darville LN, Liu M, Koomen JM, Phanstiel O, Atkins R, Mullinax JE, Pilon-Thomas SA, Locke FL, Epling-Burnette PK, Cleveland JL. Modulating the polyamine/hypusine axis controls generation of CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e169308. [PMID: 37581943 PMCID: PMC10561731 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutaminolysis is a hallmark of the activation and metabolic reprogramming of T cells. Isotopic tracer analyses of antigen-activated effector CD8+ T cells revealed that glutamine is the principal carbon source for the biosynthesis of polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. These metabolites play critical roles in activation-induced T cell proliferation, as well as for the production of hypusine, which is derived from spermidine and is covalently linked to the translation elongation factor eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A). Here, we demonstrated that the glutamine/polyamine/hypusine axis controlled the expression of CD69, an important regulator of tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm). Inhibition of this circuit augmented the development of Trm cells ex vivo and in vivo in the BM, a well-established niche for Trm cells. Furthermore, blocking the polyamine/hypusine axis augmented CD69 expression as well as IFN-γ and TNF-α production in (a) human CD8+ T cells from peripheral blood and sarcoma tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and (b) human CD8+ CAR-T cells. Collectively, these findings support the notion that the polyamine-hypusine circuit can be exploited to modulate Trm cells for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya G. Elmarsafawi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Tumor Biology and
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Rebecca S. Hesterberg
- Department of Tumor Biology and
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Lancia N.F. Darville
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Min Liu
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - John M. Koomen
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Otto Phanstiel
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Shari A. Pilon-Thomas
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Frederick L. Locke
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Li Q, Wang Y, Shi L, Wang Q, Yang G, Deng L, Tian Y, Hua X, Yuan X. Arginase-1 promotes lens epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in different models of anterior subcapsular cataract. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:236. [PMID: 37723490 PMCID: PMC10506332 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01210-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arginase-1 (ARG1) promotes collagen synthesis and cell proliferation. ARG1 is highly expressed in various tumour cells. The mechanisms of ARG1 in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated cataracts were studied herein. METHODS C57BL/6 mice, a human lens epithelial cell line (HLEC-SRA01/04), and human lens capsule samples were used in this study. The right lens anterior capsule of the mouse eye was punctured through the central cornea with a 26-gauge hypodermic needle. Human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) were transfected with ARG1-targeted (siARG1) or negative control siRNA (siNC). For gene overexpression, HLECs were transfected with a plasmid bearing the ARG1 coding sequence or an empty vector. Medium containing 0.2% serum with or without transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-β2) was added for 6 or 24 h to detect mRNA or protein, respectively. The expression of related genes was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. Transwell assays and wound healing assays were used to determine cell migration. Cell proliferation, superoxide levels, nitric oxide (NO) levels, and arginase activity were estimated using Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, a superoxide assay kit, an NO assay kit, and an arginase activity kit. RESULTS ARG1, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin, and Ki67 expression increased after lens capsular injury, while zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) expression decreased. Fibronectin and collagen type I alpha1 chain (collagen 1A1) expression increased, and cell migration increased significantly in ARG1-overexpressing HLECs compared with those transfected with an empty vector after TGF-β2 treatment. These effects were reversed by ARG1 knockdown. The arginase-related pathway plays an important role in EMT. mRNAs of enzymes of the arginase-related pathway were highly expressed after ARG1 overexpression. ARG1 knockdown suppressed these expression changes. Numidargistat (CB-1158) dihydrochloride (CB-1158), an ARG1 inhibitor, suppressed TGF-β2-induced anterior subcapsular cataract (ASC) by reducing the proliferation of lens epithelial cells (LECs) and decreasing fibronectin, α-SMA, collagen 1A1, and vimentin expression. Compared with that in nonanterior subcapsular cataract (non-ASC) patients, the expression of ARG1, collagen 1A1, vimentin, fibronectin, and Ki67 was markedly increased in ASC patients. CONCLUSIONS ARG1 can regulate EMT in EMT-associated cataracts. Based on the pathogenesis of ASC, these findings are expected to provide new therapeutic strategies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Li
- Department of Cataract, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- Department of Cataract, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Luoluo Shi
- Department of Cataract, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Heze Medical College, Heze, Shandong, China
| | - Guang Yang
- School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Deng
- Department of Cataract, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Cataract, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Xia Hua
- Tianjin Aier Eye Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Yuan
- Department of Cataract, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, China.
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6
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Lee DF, Atencio N, Bouchey S, Shoemaker MR, Dodd JS, Satre M, Miller KA, McFarlane JS. Kinetic and structural characterization of carboxyspermidine dehydrogenase of polyamine biosynthesis. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105033. [PMID: 37437886 PMCID: PMC10413350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are positively charged alkylamines ubiquitous among eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and archaea. Humans obtain polyamines through dietary intake, metabolic production, or uptake of polyamines made by gut microbes. The polyamine biosynthetic pathway used by most gut microbes differs from that used by human cells. This alternative pathway employs carboxyspermidine dehydrogenase (CASDH), an enzyme with limited characterization. Here, we solved a 1.94 Å X-ray crystal structure of Bacteroides fragilis CASDH by molecular replacement. BfCASDH is composed of three domains with a fold similar to saccharopine dehydrogenase but with a distinct active site arrangement. Using steady-state methods, we determined kcat and kcat/Km for BfCASDH and Clostridium leptum CASDH using putrescine, diaminopropane, aspartate semi-aldehyde, NADH, and NADPH as substrates. These data revealed evidence of cooperativity in BfCASDH. Putrescine is the likely polyamine substrate and NADPH is the coenzyme used to complete the reaction, forming carboxyspermidine as a product. These data provide the first kinetic characterization of CASDH-a key enzyme in the production of microbial polyamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle F Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado, USA
| | - Niko Atencio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado, USA
| | - Shade Bouchey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado, USA
| | - Madeline R Shoemaker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado, USA
| | - Joshua S Dodd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado, USA
| | - Meredith Satre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado, USA
| | - Kenneth A Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeffrey S McFarlane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado, USA.
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van Veen S, Kourti A, Ausloos E, Van Asselberghs J, Van den Haute C, Baekelandt V, Eggermont J, Vangheluwe P. ATP13A4 Upregulation Drives the Elevated Polyamine Transport System in the Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF7. Biomolecules 2023; 13:918. [PMID: 37371498 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamine homeostasis is disturbed in several human diseases, including cancer, which is hallmarked by increased intracellular polyamine levels and an upregulated polyamine transport system (PTS). Thus far, the polyamine transporters contributing to the elevated levels of polyamines in cancer cells have not yet been described, despite the fact that polyamine transport inhibitors are considered for cancer therapy. Here, we tested whether the upregulation of candidate polyamine transporters of the P5B transport ATPase family is responsible for the increased PTS in the well-studied breast cancer cell line MCF7 compared to the non-tumorigenic epithelial breast cell line MCF10A. We found that MCF7 cells presented elevated expression of a previously uncharacterized P5B-ATPase, ATP13A4, which was responsible for the elevated polyamine uptake activity. Furthermore, MCF7 cells were more sensitive to polyamine cytotoxicity, as demonstrated by cell viability, cell death and clonogenic assays. Importantly, the overexpression of ATP13A4 WT in MCF10A cells induced a MCF7 polyamine phenotype, with significantly higher uptake of BODIPY-labeled polyamines and increased sensitivity to polyamine toxicity. In conclusion, we established ATP13A4 as a new polyamine transporter in the human PTS and showed that ATP13A4 may play a major role in the increased polyamine uptake of breast cancer cells. ATP13A4 therefore emerges as a candidate therapeutic target for anticancer drugs that block the PTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah van Veen
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Antria Kourti
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elke Ausloos
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joris Van Asselberghs
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chris Van den Haute
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Viral Vector Core, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Baekelandt
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Eggermont
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Senekowitsch S, Wietkamp E, Grimm M, Schmelter F, Schick P, Kordowski A, Sina C, Otzen H, Weitschies W, Smollich M. High-Dose Spermidine Supplementation Does Not Increase Spermidine Levels in Blood Plasma and Saliva of Healthy Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Pharmacokinetic and Metabolomic Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081852. [PMID: 37111071 PMCID: PMC10143675 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Spermidine is a biogenic polyamine that plays a crucial role in mammalian metabolism. As spermidine levels decline with age, spermidine supplementation is suggested to prevent or delay age-related diseases. However, valid pharmacokinetic data regarding spermidine remains lacking. Therefore, for the first time, the present study investigated the pharmacokinetics of oral spermidine supplementation. (2) Methods: This study was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blinded, two-armed crossover trial with two 5-day intervention phases separated by a washout phase of 9 days. In 12 healthy volunteers, 15 mg/d of spermidine was administered orally, and blood and saliva samples were taken. Spermidine, spermine, and putrescine were quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The plasma metabolome was investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. (3) Results: Compared with a placebo, spermidine supplementation significantly increased spermine levels in the plasma, but it did not affect spermidine or putrescine levels. No effect on salivary polyamine concentrations was observed. (4) Conclusions: This study's results suggest that dietary spermidine is presystemically converted into spermine, which then enters systemic circulation. Presumably, the in vitro and clinical effects of spermidine are at least in part attributable to its metabolite, spermine. It is rather unlikely that spermidine supplements with doses <15 mg/d exert any short-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Senekowitsch
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Eliza Wietkamp
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Grimm
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmelter
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp Schick
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anna Kordowski
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hans Otzen
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Werner Weitschies
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Smollich
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
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9
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Coni S, Bordone R, Ivy DM, Yurtsever ZN, Di Magno L, D'Amico R, Cesaro B, Fatica A, Belardinilli F, Bufalieri F, Maroder M, De Smaele E, Di Marcotullio L, Giannini G, Agostinelli E, Canettieri G. Combined inhibition of polyamine metabolism and eIF5A hypusination suppresses colorectal cancer growth through a converging effect on MYC translation. Cancer Lett 2023; 559:216120. [PMID: 36893894 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
A key mechanism driving colorectal cancer (CRC) development is the upregulation of MYC and its targets, including ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a master regulator of polyamine metabolism. Elevated polyamines promote tumorigenesis in part by activating DHPS-mediated hypusination of the translation factor eIF5A, thereby inducing MYC biosynthesis. Thus, MYC, ODC and eIF5A orchestrate a positive feedback loop that represents an attractive therapeutic target for CRC therapy. Here we show that combined inhibition of ODC and eIF5A induces a synergistic antitumor response in CRC cells, leading to MYC suppression. We found that genes of the polyamine biosynthesis and hypusination pathways are significantly upregulated in colorectal cancer patients and that inhibition of ODC or DHPS alone limits CRC cell proliferation through a cytostatic mechanism, while combined ODC and DHPS/eIF5A blockade induces a synergistic inhibition, accompanied to apoptotic cell death in vitro and in mouse models of CRC and FAP. Mechanistically, we found that this dual treatment causes complete inhibition of MYC biosynthesis in a bimodal fashion, by preventing translational elongation and initiation. Together, these data illustrate a novel strategy for CRC treatment, based on the combined suppression of ODC and eIF5A, which holds promise for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Coni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Rosa Bordone
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Devon Michael Ivy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Zuleyha Nihan Yurtsever
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Di Magno
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Rodrigo D'Amico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Bianca Cesaro
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fatica
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Belardinilli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Bufalieri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Marella Maroder
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico De Smaele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Di Marcotullio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Agostinelli
- International Polyamines Foundation-ONLUS, Via del Forte Tiburtino 98, 00159, Rome, Italy; Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale del Policlinico 151, 00155, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Canettieri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed S.p.A., Via Atinense 18, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy.
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10
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Silva JD, Marques J, Santos IP, Batista de Carvalho ALM, Martins CB, Laginha RC, Batista de Carvalho LAE, Marques MPM. A Non-Conventional Platinum Drug against a Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Line. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041698. [PMID: 36838683 PMCID: PMC9964417 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A dinuclear Pt(II) complex with putrescine as bridging polyamine ligand ([Pt2Put2(NH3)4]Cl4) was synthesized and assessed as to its potential anticancer activity against a human non-small cell lung cancer line (A549), as well as towards non-cancer cells (BEAS-2B). This effect was evaluated through in vitro cytotoxicity assays (MTT and SRB) coupled to microFTIR and microRaman spectroscopies, the former delivering information on growth-inhibiting and cytotoxic abilities while the latter provided very specific information on the metabolic impact of the metal agent (at the sub-cellular level). Regarding cancer cells, a major impact of [Pt2Put2(NH3)4]Cl4 was evidenced on cellular proteins and lipids, as compared to DNA, particularly via the Amide I and Amide II signals. The effect of the chelate on non-malignant cells was lower than on malignant ones, evidencing a promising low toxicity towards healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica D. Silva
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Marques
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês P. Santos
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Clara B. Martins
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel C. Laginha
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís A. E. Batista de Carvalho
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-239-854-462
| | - Maria Paula M. Marques
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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11
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Understanding the Polyamine and mTOR Pathway Interaction in Breast Cancer Cell Growth. MEDICAL SCIENCES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:medsci10030051. [PMID: 36135836 PMCID: PMC9504347 DOI: 10.3390/medsci10030051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are nutrient-like polycationic molecules involved in metabolic processes and signaling pathways linked to cell growth and cancer. One important pathway is the PI3K/Akt pathway where studies have shown that polyamines mediate downstream growth effects. Downstream of PI3K/Akt is the mTOR signaling pathway, a nutrient-sensing pathway that regulate translation initiation through 4EBP1 and p70S6K phosphorylation and, along with the PI3K/Akt, is frequently dysregulated in breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of intracellular polyamine modulation on mTORC1 downstream protein and general translation state in two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. The effect of mTORC1 pathway inhibition on the growth and intracellular polyamines was also measured. Results showed that polyamine modulation alters 4EBP1 and p70S6K phosphorylation and translation initiation in the breast cancer cells. mTOR siRNA gene knockdown also inhibited cell growth and decreased putrescine and spermidine content. Co-treatment of inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis and mTORC1 pathway induced greater cytotoxicity and translation inhibition in the breast cancer cells. Taken together, these data suggest that polyamines promote cell growth in part through interaction with mTOR pathway. Similarly intracellular polyamine content appears to be linked to mTOR pathway regulation. Finally, dual inhibition of polyamine and mTOR pathways may provide therapeutic benefits in some breast cancers.
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12
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A systematic exploration reveals the potential of spermidine for hypopigmentation treatment through the stabilization of melanogenesis-associated proteins. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14478. [PMID: 36008447 PMCID: PMC9411574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermidine (SPD), a polyamine naturally present in living organisms, is known to prolong the lifespan of animals. In this study, the role of SPD in melanogenesis was investigated, showing potential as a pigmenting agent. SPD treatment increased melanin production in melanocytes in a dose dependent manner. Computational analysis with RNA-sequencing data revealed the alteration of protein degradation by SPD treatment without changes in the expressions of melanogenesis-related genes. Indeed, SPD treatment significantly increased the stabilities of tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and -2 while inhibiting ubiquitination, which was confirmed by treatment of proteasome inhibitor MG132. Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide (CHX) showed that SPD treatment increased the resistance of TRP-1 and TRP-2 to protein degradation. To identify the proteins involved in SPD transportation in melanocytes, the expression of several solute carrier (SLC) membrane transporters was assessed and, among 27 transporter genes, SLC3A2, SLC7A1, SLC18B1, and SLC22A18 were highly expressed, implying they are putative SPD transporters in melanocytes. Furthermore, SLC7A1 and SLC22A18 were downregulated by SPD treatment, indicating their active involvement in polyamine homeostasis. Finally, we applied SPD to a human skin equivalent and observed elevated melanin production. Our results identify SPD as a potential natural product to alleviate hypopigmentation.
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13
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Holbert CE, Cullen MT, Casero RA, Stewart TM. Polyamines in cancer: integrating organismal metabolism and antitumour immunity. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:467-480. [PMID: 35477776 PMCID: PMC9339478 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The natural mammalian polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are essential for both normal and neoplastic cell function and replication. Dysregulation of metabolism of polyamines and their requirements is common in many cancers. Both clinical and experimental depletion of polyamines have demonstrated their metabolism to be a rational target for therapy; however, the mechanisms through which polyamines can establish a tumour-permissive microenvironment are only now emerging. Recent data indicate that polyamines can play a major role in regulating the antitumour immune response, thus likely contributing to the existence of immunologically 'cold' tumours that do not respond to immune checkpoint blockade. Additionally, the interplay between the microbiota and associated tissues creates a tumour microenvironment in which polyamine metabolism, content and function can all be dramatically altered on the basis of microbiota composition, dietary polyamine availability and tissue response to its surrounding microenvironment. The goal of this Perspective is to introduce the reader to the many ways in which polyamines, polyamine metabolism, the microbiota and the diet interconnect to establish a tumour microenvironment that facilitates the initiation and progression of cancer. It also details ways in which polyamine metabolism and function can be successfully targeted for therapeutic benefit, including specifically enhancing the antitumour immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra E Holbert
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Robert A Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Tracy Murray Stewart
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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14
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Polyamine Immunometabolism: Central Regulators of Inflammation, Cancer and Autoimmunity. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050896. [PMID: 35269518 PMCID: PMC8909056 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are ubiquitous, amine-rich molecules with diverse processes in biology. Recent work has highlighted that polyamines exert profound roles on the mammalian immune system, particularly inflammation and cancer. The mechanisms by which they control immunity are still being described. In the context of inflammation and autoimmunity, polyamine levels inversely correlate to autoimmune phenotypes, with lower polyamine levels associated with higher inflammatory responses. Conversely, in the context of cancer, polyamines and polyamine biosynthetic genes positively correlate with the severity of malignancy. Blockade of polyamine metabolism in cancer results in reduced tumor growth, and the effects appear to be mediated by an increase in T-cell infiltration and a pro-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages. These studies suggest that polyamine depletion leads to inflammation and that polyamine enrichment potentiates myeloid cell immune suppression. Indeed, combinatorial treatment with polyamine blockade and immunotherapy has shown efficacy in pre-clinical models of cancer. Considering the efficacy of immunotherapies is linked to autoimmune sequelae in humans, termed immune-adverse related events (iAREs), this suggests that polyamine levels may govern the inflammatory response to immunotherapies. This review proposes that polyamine metabolism acts to balance autoimmune inflammation and anti-tumor immunity and that polyamine levels can be used to monitor immune responses and responsiveness to immunotherapy.
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15
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Tse RTH, Wong CYP, Chiu PKF, Ng CF. The Potential Role of Spermine and Its Acetylated Derivative in Human Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031258. [PMID: 35163181 PMCID: PMC8836144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are essential biomolecules for normal cellular metabolism in humans. The roles of polyamines in cancer development have been widely discussed in recent years. Among all, spermine alongside with its acetylated derivative, N1, N12-Diacetylspermine, demonstrate a relationship with the diagnosis and staging of various cancers, including lung, breast, liver, colorectal and urogenital. Numerous studies have reported the level of spermine in different body fluids and organ tissues in patients with different types of cancers. Currently, the role and the underlying mechanisms of spermine in cancer development and progression are still under investigation. This review summarized the roles of spermine in cancer development and as a diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tool in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Ka-Fung Chiu
- Correspondence: (P.K.-F.C.); (C.-F.N.); Tel.: +852-3505-2625 (P.K.-F.C. & C.-F.N.)
| | - Chi-Fai Ng
- Correspondence: (P.K.-F.C.); (C.-F.N.); Tel.: +852-3505-2625 (P.K.-F.C. & C.-F.N.)
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16
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Biogenic Polyamines and Related Metabolites. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010014. [PMID: 35053162 PMCID: PMC8773558 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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17
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Mohamed Sofian Z, Harun N, Mahat MM, Nor Hashim NA, Jones SA. Investigating how amine structure influences drug-amine ion-pair formation and uptake via the polyamine transporter in A549 lung cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 168:53-61. [PMID: 34455038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Transiently associating amines with therapeutic agents through the formation of ion-pairs has been established both in vitro and in vivo as an effective means to systemically direct drug delivery to the lung via the polyamine transport system (PTS). However, there remains a need to better understand the structural traits required for effective PTS uptake of drug ion-pairs. This study aimed to use a structurally related series of amine counterions to investigate how they influenced the stability of theophylline ion-pairs and their active uptake in A549 cells. Using ethylamine (mono-amine), ethylenediamine (di-amine), spermidine (tri-amine) and spermine (tetra-amine) as counterions the ion-pair affinity was shown to increase as the number of protonated amine groups in the counterion structure increased. The mono and diamines generated a single hydrogen bond and the weakest ion-pair affinities (pKFTIR: 1.32 ± 0.04 and 1.43 ± 0.02) whereas the polyamines produced two hydrogen bonds and thus the strongest ion-pair affinities (pKFTIR: 1.93 ± 0.05 and 1.96 ± 0.04). In A549 cells depleted of endogenous polyamines using α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), the spermine-theophylline uptake was significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to non-amine depleted cells and this evidenced the active PTS sequestering of the ion-pair. The mono-amine and di-amine failed to enhance theophylline uptake in these A549 cells, but the tri-amine and tetra-amine both almost doubled the theophylline uptake into the cells when compared to the uptake of free drug. As the data indicated that polyamines with at least 3 amines were required to form ion-pairs that could enhance A549 cell uptake, it suggested that at least two amines were required to physically stabilise the ion-pair and one to interact with the PTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarif Mohamed Sofian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Insitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Norsyifa Harun
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Muzamir Mahat
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nikman Adli Nor Hashim
- Centre for Drug Research in Systems Biology, Structural Bioinformatics and Human Digital Imaging (CRYSTAL), Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Stuart A Jones
- Insitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
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18
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Sagar NA, Tarafdar S, Agarwal S, Tarafdar A, Sharma S. Polyamines: Functions, Metabolism, and Role in Human Disease Management. Med Sci (Basel) 2021; 9:44. [PMID: 34207607 PMCID: PMC8293435 DOI: 10.3390/medsci9020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Putrescine, spermine, and spermidine are the important polyamines (PAs), found in all living organisms. PAs are formed by the decarboxylation of amino acids, and they facilitate cell growth and development via different cellular responses. PAs are the integrated part of the cellular and genetic metabolism and help in transcription, translation, signaling, and post-translational modifications. At the cellular level, PA concentration may influence the condition of various diseases in the body. For instance, a high PA level is detrimental to patients suffering from aging, cognitive impairment, and cancer. The levels of PAs decline with age in humans, which is associated with different health disorders. On the other hand, PAs reduce the risk of many cardiovascular diseases and increase longevity, when taken in an optimum quantity. Therefore, a controlled diet is an easy way to maintain the level of PAs in the body. Based on the nutritional intake of PAs, healthy cell functioning can be maintained. Moreover, several diseases can also be controlled to a higher extend via maintaining the metabolism of PAs. The present review discusses the types, important functions, and metabolism of PAs in humans. It also highlights the nutritional role of PAs in the prevention of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narashans Alok Sagar
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat 131028, Haryana, India
- Food Microbiology Lab, Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swarnava Tarafdar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, All India Institute of Medical Science, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Surbhi Agarwal
- Department of Hematology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India;
| | - Ayon Tarafdar
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat 131028, Haryana, India
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19
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Mallafré-Muro C, Llambrich M, Cumeras R, Pardo A, Brezmes J, Marco S, Gumà J. Comprehensive Volatilome and Metabolome Signatures of Colorectal Cancer in Urine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2534. [PMID: 34064065 PMCID: PMC8196698 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To increase compliance with colorectal cancer screening programs and to reduce the recommended screening age, cheaper and easy non-invasiveness alternatives to the fecal immunochemical test should be provided. Following the PRISMA procedure of studies that evaluated the metabolome and volatilome signatures of colorectal cancer in human urine samples, an exhaustive search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus found 28 studies that met the required criteria. There were no restrictions on the query for the type of study, leading to not only colorectal cancer samples versus control comparison but also polyps versus control and prospective studies of surgical effects, CRC staging and comparisons of CRC with other cancers. With this systematic review, we identified up to 244 compounds in urine samples (3 shared compounds between the volatilome and metabolome), and 10 of them were relevant in more than three articles. In the meta-analysis, nine studies met the criteria for inclusion, and the results combining the case-control and the pre-/post-surgery groups, eleven compounds were found to be relevant. Four upregulated metabolites were identified, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, L-dopa, L-histidinol, and N1, N12-diacetylspermine and seven downregulated compounds were identified, pyruvic acid, hydroquinone, tartaric acid, and hippuric acid as metabolites and butyraldehyde, ether, and 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene as volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Mallafré-Muro
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.M.-M.); (A.P.); (S.M.)
- Signal and Information Processing for Sensing Systems Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Llambrich
- Metabolomics Interdisciplinary Group (MiL@b), Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering and Automation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), IISPV, CERCA, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Raquel Cumeras
- Metabolomics Interdisciplinary Group (MiL@b), Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering and Automation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), IISPV, CERCA, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.L.); (J.B.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Fiehn Lab, NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Antonio Pardo
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.M.-M.); (A.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Jesús Brezmes
- Metabolomics Interdisciplinary Group (MiL@b), Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering and Automation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), IISPV, CERCA, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.L.); (J.B.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Marco
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.M.-M.); (A.P.); (S.M.)
- Signal and Information Processing for Sensing Systems Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Gumà
- Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43204 Reus, Spain;
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20
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Barros M, López-Carrasco A, Amorós P, Gil S, Gaviña P, Parra M, El Haskouri J, Terencio MC, Costero AM. Chromogenic Chemodosimeter Based on Capped Silica Particles to Detect Spermine and Spermidine. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030818. [PMID: 33806899 PMCID: PMC8004735 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new hybrid organic–inorganic material for sensing spermine (Spm) and spermidine (Spd) has been prepared and characterized. The material is based on MCM-41 particles functionalized with an N-hydroxysuccinimide derivative and loaded with Rhodamine 6G. The cargo is kept inside the porous material due to the formation of a double layer of organic matter. The inner layer is covalently bound to the silica particles, while the external layer is formed through hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions. The limits of detection determined by fluorimetric titration are 27 µM and 45 µM for Spm and Spd, respectively. The sensor remains silent in the presence of other biologically important amines and is able to detect Spm and Spd in both aqueous solution and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Barros
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitad Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.B.); (A.L.-C.); (S.G.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Alejandro López-Carrasco
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitad Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.B.); (A.L.-C.); (S.G.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Pedro Amorós
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales (ICMUV), Universitat de València, P.O. Box 2085, 46071 Valencia, Spain;
- Correspondence: (P.A.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Salvador Gil
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitad Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.B.); (A.L.-C.); (S.G.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (M.C.T.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Gaviña
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitad Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.B.); (A.L.-C.); (S.G.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (M.C.T.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Parra
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitad Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.B.); (A.L.-C.); (S.G.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (M.C.T.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jamal El Haskouri
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales (ICMUV), Universitat de València, P.O. Box 2085, 46071 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Maria Carmen Terencio
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitad Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.B.); (A.L.-C.); (S.G.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (M.C.T.)
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universitat de València, Vicente Andrés Estellés S/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana M. Costero
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitad Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.B.); (A.L.-C.); (S.G.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (M.C.T.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.A.); (A.M.C.)
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21
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Oncology Therapeutics Targeting the Metabolism of Amino Acids. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081904. [PMID: 32824193 PMCID: PMC7463463 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acid metabolism promotes cancer cell proliferation and survival by supporting building block synthesis, producing reducing agents to mitigate oxidative stress, and generating immunosuppressive metabolites for immune evasion. Malignant cells rewire amino acid metabolism to maximize their access to nutrients. Amino acid transporter expression is upregulated to acquire amino acids from the extracellular environment. Under nutrient depleted conditions, macropinocytosis can be activated where proteins from the extracellular environment are engulfed and degraded into the constituent amino acids. The demand for non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) can be met through de novo synthesis pathways. Cancer cells can alter various signaling pathways to boost amino acid usage for the generation of nucleotides, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging molecules, and oncometabolites. The importance of amino acid metabolism in cancer proliferation makes it a potential target for therapeutic intervention, including via small molecules and antibodies. In this review, we will delineate the targets related to amino acid metabolism and promising therapeutic approaches.
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22
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Malpica-Nieves CJ, Rivera-Aponte DE, Tejeda-Bayron FA, Mayor AM, Phanstiel O, Veh RW, Eaton MJ, Skatchkov SN. The involvement of polyamine uptake and synthesis pathways in the proliferation of neonatal astrocytes. Amino Acids 2020; 52:1169-1180. [PMID: 32816168 PMCID: PMC7908810 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02881-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs), such as spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM), are essential to promote cell growth, survival, proliferation, and longevity. In the adult central nervous system (CNS), SPD and SPM are accumulated predominantly in healthy adult glial cells where PA synthesis is not present. To date, the accumulation and biosynthesis of PAs in developing astrocytes are not well understood. The purpose of the present study was to determine the contribution of uptake and/or synthesis of PAs using proliferation of neonatal astrocytes as an endpoint. We inhibited synthesis of PAs using α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO; an inhibitor of the PA biosynthetic enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC)) and inhibited uptake of PAs using trimer44NMe (PTI; a novel polyamine transport inhibitor). DFMO, but not PTI alone, blocked proliferation, suggesting that PA biosynthesis was present. Furthermore, exogenous administration of SPD rescued cell proliferation when PA synthesis was blocked by DFMO. When both synthesis and uptake of PAs were inhibited (DFMO + PTI), exogenous SPD no longer supported proliferation. These data indicate that neonatal astrocytes synthesize sufficient quantities of PAs de novo to support cell proliferation, but are also able to import exogenous PAs. This suggests that the PA uptake mechanism is present in both neonates as well as in adults and can support cell proliferation in neonatal astrocytes when ODC is blocked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Malpica-Nieves
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, P.O. Box 60327, Bayamón, PR, 00960-6032, USA
| | - David E Rivera-Aponte
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, P.O. Box 60327, Bayamón, PR, 00960-6032, USA
| | - Flavia A Tejeda-Bayron
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, P.O. Box 60327, Bayamón, PR, 00960-6032, USA
| | - Angel M Mayor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR, 00956, USA
| | - Otto Phanstiel
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Rüdiger W Veh
- Institut für Zell- Und Neurobiologie, Charité, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Misty J Eaton
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, P.O. Box 60327, Bayamón, PR, 00960-6032, USA
| | - Serguei N Skatchkov
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, P.O. Box 60327, Bayamón, PR, 00960-6032, USA.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, P.O. Box 60327, Bayamón, PR, 00960-6032, USA.
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