1
|
Suliman M, Nagasawa M, Al-Omari FA, Uoshima K. The effects of collagen cross-link deficiency on osseointegration process of pure titanium implants. J Prosthodont Res 2024; 68:449-455. [PMID: 37793821 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_22_00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effect of collagen cross-link deficiency on collagen fiber formation around an implant and its effect on the osseointegration process. METHODS Wistar rats were fed 0.1% beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) dissolved in water to induce collagen cross-link deficiency. Custom-made mini-implants with machined surfaces were placed proximal to the tibia. At 1, 2, and 4 weeks postoperatively, the bone area around the implant, bone-implant contact ratio, osteoclast/osteocyte activity, and osseointegration strength were evaluated using histological and immunohistochemical analyses and biomechanical tests. RESULTS Long-term disturbance of collagen cross-link formation in the BAPN group resulted in faster collagen fiber maturation than that in controls, with a defective collagen structure, low bone formation quantity, and low bone-implant contact values. Deficiency of collagen cross-links resulted in increased bone resorption and decreased osteocyte activity. CONCLUSIONS Collagen cross-linking is important for the formation of the collagen matrix, and their deficiency may impair bone activity around implants, affecting the osseointegration process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mubarak Suliman
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masako Nagasawa
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Farah A Al-Omari
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Katsumi Uoshima
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lv L, Li Y, Chen X, Qin Z. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the effects of maternal exposure to bisphenol AF on hypothalamic development in male neonatal mice. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 141:304-313. [PMID: 38408830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Fragmented data suggest that bisphenol AF (BPAF), a chemical widely used in a variety of products, might have potential impacts on the hypothalamus. Here, we employed male neonatal mice following maternal exposure to explore the effects of low-dose BPAF on hypothalamic development by RNA-sequencing. We found that maternal exposure to approximately 50 µg/(kg·day) BPAF from postanal day (PND) 0 to PND 15 altered the hypothalamic transcriptome, primarily involving the pathways and genes associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) and intercellular adhesion, neuroendocrine regulation, and neurological processes. Further RNA analysis confirmed the changes in the expression levels of concerned genes. Importantly, we further revealed that low-dose BPAF posed a stimulatory impact on pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus and induced the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue. All findings indicate that developmental exposure to low-dose BPAF could interfere with hypothalamic development and thereby lead to alterations in the metabolism. Interestingly, 5000 µg/(kg·day) BPAF caused slighter, non-significant or even inverse alterations than the low dose of 50 µg/(kg·day), displaying a dose-independent effect. Further observations suggest that the the dose-independent effects of BPAF might be associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory responses caused by the high dose. Overall, our study highlights a risk of low-dose BPAF to human neuroendocrine regulation and metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuanyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhanfen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kuehu DL, Fu Y, Nasu M, Yang H, Khadka VS, Deng Y. Use of Microalgae-Derived Astaxanthin to Improve Cytoprotective Capacity in the Ileum of Heat-Induced Oxidative Stressed Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1932. [PMID: 38998041 PMCID: PMC11240551 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract has a pivotal role in nutrient absorption, immune function, and overall homeostasis. The ileum segment of the small intestine plays respective roles in nutrient breakdown and absorption. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of heat-induced oxidative stress and the potential mitigating effects of an astaxanthin antioxidant treatment on the ileum of broilers. By comparing the growth performance and gene expression profiles among three groups-thermal neutral, heat stress, and heat stress with astaxanthin-thermal neutral temperature conditions of 21-22 °C and heat stress temperature of 32-35 °C, this research aims to elucidate the role of astaxanthin in supporting homeostasis and cellular protection in the ileum. Results showed both treatments under heat stress experienced reduced growth performance, while the group treated with astaxanthin showed a slightly lesser decline. Results further showed the astaxanthin treatment group significantly upregulated in the cytoprotective gene expression for HSF2, SOD2, GPX3, and TXN, as well as the upregulation of epithelial integrity genes LOX, CLDN1, and MUC2. In conclusion, our experimental findings demonstrate upregulation of cytoprotective and epithelial integrity genes, suggesting astaxanthin may effectively enhance the cellular response to heat stress to mitigate oxidative damage and contribute to cytoprotective capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donna Lee Kuehu
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (D.L.K.); (Y.F.); (M.N.); (H.Y.); (V.S.K.)
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Fu
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (D.L.K.); (Y.F.); (M.N.); (H.Y.); (V.S.K.)
| | - Masaki Nasu
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (D.L.K.); (Y.F.); (M.N.); (H.Y.); (V.S.K.)
| | - Hua Yang
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (D.L.K.); (Y.F.); (M.N.); (H.Y.); (V.S.K.)
| | - Vedbar S. Khadka
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (D.L.K.); (Y.F.); (M.N.); (H.Y.); (V.S.K.)
| | - Youping Deng
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (D.L.K.); (Y.F.); (M.N.); (H.Y.); (V.S.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chuang TD, Ton N, Rysling S, Khorram O. In Vivo Effects of Bay 11-7082 on Fibroid Growth and Gene Expression: A Preclinical Study. Cells 2024; 13:1091. [PMID: 38994944 PMCID: PMC11240737 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Current medical therapies for fibroids have major limitations due to their hypoestrogenic side effects. Based on our previous work showing the activation of NF-kB in fibroids, we hypothesized that inhibiting NF-kB in vivo would result in the shrinkage of tumors and reduced inflammation. Fibroid xenografts were implanted in SCID mice and treated daily with Bay 11-7082 (Bay) or vehicle for two months. Bay treatment led to a 50% reduction in tumor weight. RNAseq revealed decreased expression of genes related to cell proliferation, inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, and growth factor expression. Validation through qRT-PCR, Western blotting, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed these findings. Bay treatment reduced mRNA expression of cell cycle regulators (CCND1, E2F1, and CKS2), inflammatory markers (SPARC, TDO2, MYD88, TLR3, TLR6, IL6, TNFα, TNFRSF11A, and IL1β), ECM remodelers (COL3A1, FN1, LOX, and TGFβ3), growth factors (PRL, PDGFA, and VEGFC), progesterone receptor, and miR-29c and miR-200c. Collagen levels were reduced in Bay-treated xenografts. Western blotting and IHC showed decreased protein abundance in certain ECM components and inflammatory markers, but not cleaved caspase three. Ki67, CCND1, and E2F1 expression decreased with Bay treatment. This preclinical study suggests NF-kB inhibition as an effective fibroid treatment, suppressing genes involved in proliferation, inflammation, and ECM remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Der Chuang
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Nhu Ton
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Shawn Rysling
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Omid Khorram
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Laky K, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA. Development and dysfunction of structural cells in eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1485-1499. [PMID: 38849184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a disorder characterized by dysfunction and chronic local inflammation of the esophagus. The incidence and prevalence of EoE are increasing worldwide. The mechanisms responsible are poorly understood, and effective treatment options are limited. From the lumen outward, the esophagus comprises stratified squamous epithelium, lamina propria, and muscle. The tissue-specific nature of EoE strongly suggests that structural cells in the esophagus are involved in the EoE diathesis. Epithelial basal cell hyperplasia and dilated intercellular spaces are cardinal features of EoE. Some patients with EoE develop lamina propria fibrosis, strictures, or esophageal muscle dysmotility. Clinical symptoms of EoE are only weakly correlated with peak eosinophil count, implying that other cell types contribute to EoE pathogenesis. Epithelial, endothelial, muscle, and fibroblast cells can each initiate inflammation and repair, regulate tissue resident immune cells, recruit peripheral leukocytes, and tailor adaptive immune cell responses. A better understanding of how structural cells maintain tissue homeostasis, respond to cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic stressors, and exacerbate and/or resolve inflammatory responses in the esophagus is needed. This knowledge will facilitate the development of more efficacious treatment strategies for EoE that can restore homeostasis of both hematopoietic and structural elements in the esophagus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Laky
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
| | - Pamela A Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Qiao Q, Liu X, Xue W, Chen L, Hou X. Analysis of the association between high antioxidant diet and lifestyle habits and diabetic retinopathy based on NHANES cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11868. [PMID: 38789523 PMCID: PMC11126608 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62707-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in increasing the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy (DR). The oxidative balance score (OBS) and the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) are two tools for assessing the effects of diet and lifestyle on oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between OBS, CDAI and the occurrence of DR. After controlling for potential confounders, OBS was negatively associated with DR with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.976 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.956-0.996, suggesting that for every unit increase in OBS, the risk of DR was reduced by 2.4%. In contrast, the relationship between OBS and CDAI was not significant (P > 0.05), suggesting that it was OBS, not CDAI, that contributed to the reduced risk of diabetic retinopathy. After adjusting for potential confounders, OBS was negatively associated with DR (OR: 0.976; 95% CI 0.956-0.996), but this association was not found in CDAI (P > 0.05), suggesting that for every one-unit increase in OBS, there was a 2.4% reduction in the risk of developing DR. This study suggests that a diet and lifestyle high in OBS reduces the risk of developing DR, which provides a rationale for nutritional interventions to prevent DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qincheng Qiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xingjian Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Xue
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine and Health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine and Health, Jinan, China.
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yıldız G, İlgün S, Şeker Karatoprak G, Köse YB, Göger F, Temel HE, Demirci B. Chemical profile, in vitro pharmacological activity and Satureja cuneifolia Ten. evaluation of essential oil based on distillation time. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1944-1960. [PMID: 36938717 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2190960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The medicinal plant Satureja cuneifolia Ten. was widely utilized as spice, tea and traditional medicine. The objective of the current study was to examine the chemical composition and in vitro biological activities (LOX, MMP-1, and MMP-12 enzyme inhibition activity and cytotoxicity on A549 cell line) of Satureja cuneifolia extracts and essential oils. The essential oils of the flowering aerial parts were hydro-distilled at four different distillation times (5, 30, 60, and 180 min) using the Clevenger apparatus. The total essential oil and four fragments were compared in terms of the major component, yield, and distillation time. Volatile compounds of the infusion were extracted by using HS-SPME. Ethanolic extract had the strongest inhibition activity on the LOX enzyme (84.50%), while the essential oils exhibited more cytotoxic activity on the A549 cell line than the extracts. The oils and the infusion were analyzed using GC-MS and the primary chemicals identified by LC-MS/MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gülsüm Yıldız
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkiye
| | - Selen İlgün
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkiye
| | | | - Yavuz Bülent Köse
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkiye
| | - Fatih Göger
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkiye
| | - Halide Edip Temel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Eskişehir, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkiye
| | - Betül Demirci
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkiye
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Q, Goracci C, Sundar IK, Rahman I. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure exaggerates bleomycin-induced collagen overexpression during pulmonary fibrogenesis. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:9. [PMID: 38509574 PMCID: PMC10956237 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is known to cause lung inflammatory and injurious responses. Smoke exposure is associated with the pathobiology related to lung fibrosis, whereas the mechanism that ETS exposure augments pulmonary fibrogenesis is unclear. We hypothesized that ETS exposure could exacerbate fibrotic responses via collagen dynamic dysregulation and complement activation. C57BL/6J and p16-3MR mice were exposed to ETS followed by bleomycin administration. ETS exposure exacerbated bleomycin-induced collagen and lysyl oxidase overexpression in the fibrotic lesion. ETS exposure also led to augmented bleomycin-induced upregulation of C3 and C3AR, which are pro-fibrotic markers. Moreover, overexpressed collagens and C3 levels were highly significant in males than females. The old mice (17 months old) were exposed to ETS and treated with bleomycin to induce fibrogenesis which is considered as an aging-associated disease. Fewer gene and protein dysregulations trends were identified between ETS exposure with the bleomycin group and the bleomycin alone group in old mice. Based on our findings, we suggested that ETS exposure increases the risk of developing severe lung fibrotic responses via collagen overexpression and lysyl oxidase-mediated collagen stabilization in the fibrotic lesion, and potentially affected the complement system activation induced by bleomycin. Further, male mice were more susceptible than females during fibrogenesis exacerbation. Thus ETS and bleomycin induced lung fibrotic changes via collagen-lysyl oxidase in an age-dependent mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Wang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Chiara Goracci
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sasaki M, Hara T, Wang JX, Zhou Y, Kennedy KV, Umeweni CN, Alston MA, Spergel ZC, Ishikawa S, Teranishi R, Nakagawa R, Mcmillan EA, Whelan KA, Karakasheva TA, Hamilton KE, Ruffner MA, Muir AB. Lysyl Oxidase Regulates Epithelial Differentiation and Barrier Integrity in Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 17:923-937. [PMID: 38340809 PMCID: PMC11026689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Epithelial disruption in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) encompasses both impaired differentiation and diminished barrier integrity. We have shown that lysyl oxidase (LOX), a collagen cross-linking enzyme, is up-regulated in the esophageal epithelium in EoE. However, the functional roles of LOX in the esophageal epithelium remains unknown. METHODS We investigated roles for LOX in the human esophageal epithelium using 3-dimensional organoid and air-liquid interface cultures stimulated with interleukin (IL)13 to recapitulate the EoE inflammatory milieu, followed by single-cell RNA sequencing, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, histology, and functional analyses of barrier integrity. RESULTS Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on patient-derived organoids revealed that LOX was induced by IL13 in differentiated cells. LOX-overexpressing organoids showed suppressed basal and up-regulated differentiation markers. In addition, LOX overexpression enhanced junctional protein genes and transepithelial electrical resistance. LOX overexpression restored the impaired differentiation and barrier function, including in the setting of IL13 stimulation. Transcriptome analyses on LOX-overexpressing organoids identified an enriched bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway compared with wild-type organoids. In particular, LOX overexpression increased BMP2 and decreased the BMP antagonist follistatin. Finally, we found that BMP2 treatment restored the balance of basal and differentiated cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data support a model whereby LOX exhibits noncanonical roles as a signaling molecule important for epithelial homeostasis in the setting of inflammation via activation of the BMP pathway in the esophagus. The LOX/BMP axis may be integral in esophageal epithelial differentiation and a promising target for future therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Sasaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Takeo Hara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua X Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yusen Zhou
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kanak V Kennedy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chizoba N Umeweni
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maiya A Alston
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zachary C Spergel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Satoshi Ishikawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ryugo Teranishi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ritsu Nakagawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emily A Mcmillan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly A Whelan
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tatiana A Karakasheva
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathryn E Hamilton
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Melanie A Ruffner
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Division of Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Amanda B Muir
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Du W, Xia X, Hu F, Yu J. Extracellular matrix remodeling in the tumor immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1340634. [PMID: 38332915 PMCID: PMC10850336 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1340634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a significant constituent of tumors, fulfilling various essential functions such as providing mechanical support, influencing the microenvironment, and serving as a reservoir for signaling molecules. The abundance and degree of cross-linking of ECM components are critical determinants of tissue stiffness. In the process of tumorigenesis, the interaction between ECM and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) frequently leads to ECM stiffness, thereby disrupting normal mechanotransduction and promoting malignant progression. Therefore, acquiring a thorough comprehension of the dysregulation of ECM within the TME would significantly aid in the identification of potential therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. In this regard, we have compiled a comprehensive summary encompassing the following aspects: (1) the principal components of ECM and their roles in malignant conditions; (2) the intricate interaction between ECM and immune cells within the TME; and (3) the pivotal regulators governing the onco-immune response in ECM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Du
- Department of Targeting Therapy and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueming Xia
- Division of Head & Neck Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayun Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sun D, Wei S, Wang D, Zeng M, Mo Y, Li H, Liang C, Li L, Zhang JW, Wang L. Integrative analysis of potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for glomerulus-associated diabetic nephropathy based on cellular senescence. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1328757. [PMID: 38390397 PMCID: PMC10881763 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1328757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetic nephropathy (DN), distinguished by detrimental changes in the renal glomeruli, is regarded as the leading cause of death from end-stage renal disease among diabetics. Cellular senescence plays a paramount role, profoundly affecting the onset and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injuries. This study was designed to delve deeply into the pathological mechanisms between glomerulus-associated DN and cellular senescence. Methods Glomerulus-associated DN datasets and cellular senescence-related genes were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and CellAge database respectively. By integrating bioinformatics and machine learning methodologies including the LASSO regression analysis and Random Forest, we screened out four signature genes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the selected genes. Rigorous experimental validations were subsequently conducted in the mouse model to corroborate the identification of three signature genes, namely LOX, FOXD1 and GJA1. Molecular docking with chlorogenic acids (CGA) was further established not only to validate LOX, FOXD1 and GJA1 as diagnostic markers but also reveal their potential therapeutic effects. Results and discussion In conclusion, our findings pinpointed three diagnostic markers of glomerulus-associated DN on the basis of cellular senescence. These markers could not only predict an increased risk of DN progression but also present promising therapeutic targets, potentially ushering in innovative treatments for DN in the elderly population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Sun
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuqi Wei
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Zeng
- Nephrology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University: Shenzhen Longhua New District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yihao Mo
- Nephrology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University: Shenzhen Longhua New District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huafeng Li
- Nephrology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University: Shenzhen Longhua New District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Caixing Liang
- Nephrology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University: Shenzhen Longhua New District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu Li
- Publicity Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Wei Zhang
- Nephrology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University: Shenzhen Longhua New District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Wang
- Nephrology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University: Shenzhen Longhua New District People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Czarnowska E, Ratajska A, Jankowska-Steifer E, Flaht-Zabost A, Niderla-Bielińska J. Extracellular matrix molecules associated with lymphatic vessels in health and disease. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:13-34. [PMID: 37350542 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels (LyVs), responsible for fluid, solute, and immune cell homeostasis in the body, are closely associated with the adjacent extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules whose structural and functional impact on LyVs is currently more appreciated, albeit not entirely elucidated. These molecules, serving as a platform for various connective tissue cell activities and affecting LyV biology should be considered also as an integral part of the lymphatic system. Any alterations and changes in ECM molecules over the course of disease impair the function and structure of the LyV network. Remodeling of LyV cells, which are components of lymphatic vessel walls, also triggers alterations in ECM molecules and interstitial tissue composition. Therefore, in this review we aimed to present the current knowledge on ECM in tissues and particularly on molecules surrounding lymphatics in normal conditions and in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Ratajska
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Jankowska-Steifer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kas SM, Mundra PA, Smith DL, Marais R. Functional classification of DDOST variants of uncertain clinical significance in congenital disorders of glycosylation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17648. [PMID: 37848450 PMCID: PMC10582084 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are rare genetic disorders with a spectrum of clinical manifestations caused by abnormal N-glycosylation of secreted and cell surface proteins. Over 130 genes are implicated and next generation sequencing further identifies potential disease drivers in affected individuals. However, functional testing of these variants is challenging, making it difficult to distinguish pathogenic from non-pathogenic events. Using proximity labelling, we identified OST48 as a protein that transiently interacts with lysyl oxidase (LOX), a secreted enzyme that cross-links the fibrous extracellular matrix. OST48 is a non-catalytic component of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex, which transfers glycans to substrate proteins. OST48 is encoded by DDOST, and 43 variants of DDOST are described in CDG patients, of which 34 are classified as variants of uncertain clinical significance (VUS). We developed an assay based on LOX N-glycosylation that confirmed two previously characterised DDOST variants as pathogenic. Notably, 39 of the 41 remaining variants did not have impaired activity, but we demonstrated that p.S243F and p.E286del were functionally impaired, consistent with a role in driving CDG in those patients. Thus, we describe a rapid assay for functional testing of clinically relevant CDG variants to complement genome sequencing and support clinical diagnosis of affected individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sjors M Kas
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK.
| | - Piyushkumar A Mundra
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Duncan L Smith
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Richard Marais
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK.
- Oncodrug Ltd, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Q, Goracci C, Sundar IK, Rahman I. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure exaggerates bleomycin- induced collagen overexpression during pulmonary fibrogenesis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3406872. [PMID: 37886473 PMCID: PMC10602094 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3406872/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is known to cause lung inflammatory and injurious responses. Smoke exposure is associated with the pathobiology related to lung fibrosis, whereas the mechanism by which ETS exposure augments lung fibrogenesis is unclear. We hypothesized that ETS exposure could exacerbate fibrotic responses via collagen dynamic dysregulation and complement activation. C57BL/6J and p16-3MR mice were exposed to ETS followed by bleomycin administration. ETS exposure exacerbated bleomycin-induced collagen and lysyl oxidase overexpression in the fibrotic lesion. ETS exposure also led to augmented bleomycin-induced upregulation of C3 and C3AR, which are pro-fibrotic markers. Moreover, overexpressed collagens and C3 levels were highly significant in males than females. The old mice (17 months old) were exposed to ETS and treated with bleomycin to induce fibrogenesis, since fibrogenesis is an aging-associated disease. Fewer gene and protein dysregulations trends were identified between ETS exposure with the bleomycin group and the bleomycin alone group in old mice. Based on our findings, we suggested that ETS exposure increases the risk of developing severe lung fibrotic responses via collagen overexpression and lysyl oxidase-mediated collagen stabilization in the fibrotic lesion. ETS exposure also potentially affected the complement system activation induced by bleomycin. Further, male mice were more susceptible than females during fibrogenesis exacerbation.
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu M, Zhao C, Song H, Wang C, Li H, Qiu X, Jing H, Zhuang W. Inhibitory effects of Schisandrin C on collagen behavior in pulmonary fibrosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13475. [PMID: 37596361 PMCID: PMC10439186 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a serious progressive fibrotic disease that is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), thus resulting in stiff lung tissues. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is an enzyme involved in fibrosis by catalyzing collagen cross-linking. Studies found that the ingredients in schisandra ameliorated bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF, but it is unknown whether the anti-PF of schisandra is related to LOX. In this study, we established models of PF including a mouse model stimulated by BLM and a HFL1 cell model induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 to evaluate the inhibition effects of Schisandrin C (Sch C) on PF. We observed that Sch C treatment decreased pulmonary indexes compared to control group. Treatment of Sch C showed a significant reduction in the accumulation of ECM as evidenced by decreased expressions of α-SMA, FN, MMP2, MMP9, TIMP1 and collagen proteins such as Col 1A1, and Col 3A1. In addition, the expression of LOX in the lung tissue of mice after Sch C treatment was effectively decreased compared with the MOD group. The inhibition effects in vitro were consistent with those in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that Sch C significantly inhibited TGF-β1/Smad2/3 and TNF-α/JNK signaling pathways. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that Sch C significantly ameliorated PF in vivo and vitro, which may play an important role by reducing ECM deposition and inhibiting the production of LOX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingchen Xu
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, No. 3999 Binjiang East Road, Fengman District, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Chenghe Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, No. 3999 Binjiang East Road, Fengman District, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Haiming Song
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, No. 3999 Binjiang East Road, Fengman District, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Xudong Qiu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - He Jing
- Department of Hand Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Wenyue Zhuang
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, No. 3999 Binjiang East Road, Fengman District, Jilin, 132013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kulus J, Kranc W, Kulus M, Bukowska D, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B, Antosik P. New Gene Markers of Exosomal Regulation Are Involved in Porcine Granulosa Cell Adhesion, Migration, and Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11873. [PMID: 37511632 PMCID: PMC10380331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomal regulation is intimately involved in key cellular processes, such as migration, proliferation, and adhesion. By participating in the regulation of basic mechanisms, extracellular vesicles are important in intercellular signaling and the functioning of the mammalian reproductive system. The complexity of intercellular interactions in the ovarian follicle is also based on multilevel intercellular signaling, including the mechanisms involving cadherins, integrins, and the extracellular matrix. The processes in the ovary leading to the formation of a fertilization-ready oocyte are extremely complex at the molecular level and depend on the oocyte's ongoing relationship with granulosa cells. An analysis of gene expression from material obtained from a primary in vitro culture of porcine granulosa cells was employed using microarray technology. Genes with the highest expression (LIPG, HSD3B1, CLIP4, LOX, ANKRD1, FMOD, SHAS2, TAGLN, ITGA8, MXRA5, and NEXN) and the lowest expression levels (DAPL1, HSD17B1, SNX31, FST, NEBL, CXCL10, RGS2, MAL2, IHH, and TRIB2) were selected for further analysis. The gene expression results obtained from the microarrays were validated using quantitative RT-qPCR. Exosomes may play important roles regarding intercellular signaling between granulosa cells. Therefore, exosomes may have significant applications in regenerative medicine, targeted therapy, and assisted reproduction technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kulus
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
- Center of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
NikhalaShree S, George RJ, Shantha B, Vijaya L, Sulochana KN, Coral K. Copper, Lysyl Oxidase Activity, and Collagen in Aqueous Humour of Primary Glaucoma: An Association with Clinical Parameters. Ophthalmic Res 2023; 66:949-957. [PMID: 37253350 DOI: 10.1159/000531247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To measure copper (Cu), lysyl oxidase (LOX) activity, and collagen levels in aqueous humour (AH) of primary glaucoma patients and correlate with clinical parameters. METHODS 120 patients with 40 each of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), and cataract controls were recruited in this case-control study. AH samples were collected during the trabeculectomy and cataract surgeries. Cu levels were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. LOX unit activity was determined by Amplex Red assay and collagen concentration by Sirius red assay. RESULTS Significantly higher levels of Cu expressed as median (IQR) µmol/L were observed in POAG (p = 0.008) and PACG (p = 0.005) compared to controls. The LOX activity was increased in POAG and PACG (p = 0.04) compared to controls represented as median (IQR) µmol/min. The collagen levels given as median (IQR) mg/ml showed an insignificant increase in POAG and PACG compared to controls (p = 0.78). The LOX unit activity was correlated with visual field index (VFI), which showed a significant increase with the progression of the diseases (p < 0.05), whereas Cu levels were negatively correlated with LOX activity in AH. Cu and LOX activity showed weak correlation with YAG peripheral iridotomy (YAGPI), duration of anti-glaucoma medications, and highest preoperative intraocular pressure. CONCLUSION Elevated Cu and LOX activity was observed in both POAG and PACG groups compared to controls. LOX activity showed notable increase with VFI as the severity of the disease. Although Cu levels are increased in glaucoma, it's insufficient to significantly increase the activity of LOX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sampath NikhalaShree
- R.S. Mehta Jain Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, KBIRVO, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Ronnie Jacob George
- Smt Jadhavbai Nathmal Singhvee Glaucoma Services, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Balekudaru Shantha
- Smt Jadhavbai Nathmal Singhvee Glaucoma Services, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Lingam Vijaya
- Smt Jadhavbai Nathmal Singhvee Glaucoma Services, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | | | - Karunakaran Coral
- R.S. Mehta Jain Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, KBIRVO, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Narciso M, Martínez Á, Júnior C, Díaz-Valdivia N, Ulldemolins A, Berardi M, Neal K, Navajas D, Farré R, Alcaraz J, Almendros I, Gavara N. Lung Micrometastases Display ECM Depletion and Softening While Macrometastases Are 30-Fold Stiffer and Enriched in Fibronectin. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082404. [PMID: 37190331 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical changes in tumors have long been linked to increased malignancy and therapy resistance and attributed to mechanical changes in the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM). However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no mechanical studies on decellularized tumors. Here, we studied the biochemical and mechanical progression of the tumor ECM in two models of lung metastases: lung carcinoma (CAR) and melanoma (MEL). We decellularized the metastatic lung sections, measured the micromechanics of the tumor ECM, and stained the sections for ECM proteins, proliferation, and cell death markers. The same methodology was applied to MEL mice treated with the clinically approved anti-fibrotic drug nintedanib. When compared to healthy ECM (~0.40 kPa), CAR and MEL lung macrometastases produced a highly dense and stiff ECM (1.79 ± 1.32 kPa, CAR and 6.39 ± 3.37 kPa, MEL). Fibronectin was overexpressed from the early stages (~118%) to developed macrometastases (~260%) in both models. Surprisingly, nintedanib caused a 4-fold increase in ECM-occupied tumor area (5.1 ± 1.6% to 18.6 ± 8.9%) and a 2-fold in-crease in ECM stiffness (6.39 ± 3.37 kPa to 12.35 ± 5.74 kPa). This increase in stiffness strongly correlated with an increase in necrosis, which reveals a potential link between tumor hypoxia and ECM deposition and stiffness. Our findings highlight fibronectin and tumor ECM mechanics as attractive targets in cancer therapy and support the need to identify new anti-fibrotic drugs to abrogate aberrant ECM mechanics in metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Narciso
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - África Martínez
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Constança Júnior
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Díaz-Valdivia
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Ulldemolins
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Massimiliano Berardi
- LaserLab, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Optics11, Hettenheuvelweg 37-39, 1101 BM Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kate Neal
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 08036 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 08036 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Alcaraz
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 08036 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Gavara
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sasaki M, Hara T, Wang JX, Zhou Y, Kennedy KV, Umeweni NN, Alston MA, Spergel ZC, Nakagawa R, Mcmillan EA, Whelan KA, Karakasheva TA, Hamilton KE, Ruffner MA, Muir AB. Lysyl oxidase regulates epithelial differentiation and barrier integrity in eosinophilic esophagitis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.27.534387. [PMID: 37034590 PMCID: PMC10081173 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.27.534387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Background & Aims Epithelial disruption in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) encompasses both impaired differentiation and diminished barrier integrity. We have shown that lysyl oxidase (LOX), a collagen cross-linking enzyme, is upregulated in the esophageal epithelium in EoE. However, the functional roles of LOX in the esophageal epithelium remains unknown. Methods We investigated roles for LOX in the human esophageal epithelium using 3-dimensional organoid and air-liquid interface cultures stimulated with interleukin (IL)-13 to recapitulate the EoE inflammatory milieu, followed by single-cell RNA sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blot, histology, and functional analyses of barrier integrity. Results Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on patient-derived organoids revealed that LOX was induced by IL-13 in differentiated cells. LOX-overexpressing organoids demonstrated suppressed basal and upregulated differentiation markers. Additionally, LOX overexpression enhanced junctional protein genes and transepithelial electrical resistance. LOX overexpression restored the impaired differentiation and barrier function, including in the setting of IL-13 stimulation. Transcriptome analyses on LOX-overexpressing organoids identified enriched bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway compared to wild type organoids. Particularly, LOX overexpression increased BMP2 and decreased BMP antagonist follistatin. Finally, we found that BMP2 treatment restored the balance of basal and differentiated cells. Conclusions Our data support a model whereby LOX exhibits non-canonical roles as a signaling molecule important for epithelial homeostasis in the setting of inflammation via activation of BMP pathway in esophagus. The LOX/BMP axis may be integral in esophageal epithelial differentiation and a promising target for future therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Sasaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Takeo Hara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joshua X. Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yusen Zhou
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kanak V. Kennedy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicole N. Umeweni
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maiya A. Alston
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zachary C. Spergel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ritsu Nakagawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily A. Mcmillan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kelly A. Whelan
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Cancer & Cellular Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tatiana A. Karakasheva
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathryn E. Hamilton
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Melanie A. Ruffner
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amanda B. Muir
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Applewhite B, Gupta A, Wei Y, Yang X, Martinez L, Rojas MG, Andreopoulos F, Vazquez-Padron RI. Periadventitial β-aminopropionitrile-loaded nanofibers reduce fibrosis and improve arteriovenous fistula remodeling in rats. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1124106. [PMID: 36926045 PMCID: PMC10011136 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1124106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) postoperative stenosis is a persistent healthcare problem for hemodialysis patients. We have previously demonstrated that fibrotic remodeling contributes to AVF non-maturation and lysyl oxidase (LOX) is upregulated in failed AVFs compared to matured. Herein, we developed a nanofiber scaffold for the periadventitial delivery of β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) to determine whether unidirectional periadventitial LOX inhibition is a suitable strategy to promote adaptive AVF remodeling in a rat model of AVF remodeling. Methods Bilayer poly (lactic acid) ([PLA)-]- poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) ([PLGA)] scaffolds were fabricated with using a two-step electrospinning process to confer directionality. BAPN-loaded and vehicle control scaffolds were wrapped around the venous limb of a rat femoral-epigastric AVF during surgery. AVF patency and lumen diameter were followed monitored using Doppler ultrasound surveillance and flow was measured before euthanasia. AVFs were harvested after 21 days for histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry. AVF compliance was measured using pressure myography. RNA from AVF veins was sequenced to analyze changes in gene expression due to LOX inhibition. Results Bilayer periadventitial nanofiber scaffolds extended BAPN release compared to the monolayer design (p < 0.005) and only released BAPN in one direction. Periadventitial LOX inhibition led to significant increases in AVF dilation and flow after 21 days. Histologically, BAPN trended toward increased lumen and significantly reduced fibrosis compared to control scaffolds (p < 0.01). Periadventitial BAPN reduced downregulated markers associated with myofibroblast differentiation including SMA, FSP-1, LOX, and TGF-β while increasing the contractile marker MYH11. RNA sequencing revealed differential expression of matrisome genes. Conclusion Periadventitial BAPN treatment reduces fibrosis and promotes AVF compliance. Interestingly, the inhibition of LOX leads to increased accumulation of contractile VSMC while reducing myofibroblast-like cells. Periadventitial LOX inhibition alters the matrisome to improve AVF vascular remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Applewhite
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Aavni Gupta
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Yuntao Wei
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Laisel Martinez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Miguel G. Rojas
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Fotios Andreopoulos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tanrıverdi LH, Özhan O, Ulu A, Yıldız A, Ateş B, Vardı N, Acet HA, Parlakpinar H. Activation of the Mas receptors by AVE0991 and MrgD receptor using alamandine to limit the deleterious effects of Ang II-induced hypertension. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:60-74. [PMID: 36117326 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The MrgD receptor agonist, alamandine (ALA) and Mas receptor agonist, AVE0991 have recently been identified as protective components of the renin-angiotensin system. We evaluated the effects of ALA and AVE0991 on cardiovascular function and remodeling in angiotensin (Ang) II-induced hypertension in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were subject to 4-week subcutaneous infusions of Ang II (80 ng/kg/min) or saline after which they were treated with ALA (50 μg/kg), AVE0991 (576 μg/kg), or ALA+AVE0991 during the last 2 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) values were recorded with tail-cuff plethysmography at 1, 15, and 29 days post-treatment. After euthanization, the heart and thoracic aorta were removed for further analysis and vascular responses. SBP significantly increased in the Ang II group when compared to the control group. Furthermore, Ang II also caused an increase in cardiac and aortic cyclophilin-A (CYP-A), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and cardiomyocyte degeneration but produced a decrease in vascular relaxation. HR, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, NADPH oxidase-4, and lysyl oxidase levels were comparable among groups. ALA, AVE0991, and the drug combination produced antihypertensive effects and alleviated vascular responses. The inflammatory and oxidative stress related to cardiac MCP-1 and CYP-A levels decreased in the Ang II+ALA+AVE0991 group. Vascular but not cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 levels decreased with Ang II administration but were similar to the Ang II+ALA+AVE0991 group. Our experimental data showed the combination of ALA and AVE0991 was found beneficial in Ang II-induced hypertension in rats by reducing SBP, oxidative stress, inflammation, and improving vascular responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Onural Özhan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Ulu
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Azibe Yıldız
- Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Burhan Ateş
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Nigar Vardı
- Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Hacı Ahmet Acet
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Hakan Parlakpinar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schulze F, Lang A, Schoon J, Wassilew GI, Reichert J. Scaffold Guided Bone Regeneration for the Treatment of Large Segmental Defects in Long Bones. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020325. [PMID: 36830862 PMCID: PMC9953456 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone generally displays a high intrinsic capacity to regenerate. Nonetheless, large osseous defects sometimes fail to heal. The treatment of such large segmental defects still represents a considerable clinical challenge. The regeneration of large bone defects often proves difficult, since it relies on the formation of large amounts of bone within an environment impedimental to osteogenesis, characterized by soft tissue damage and hampered vascularization. Consequently, research efforts have concentrated on tissue engineering and regenerative medical strategies to resolve this multifaceted challenge. In this review, we summarize, critically evaluate, and discuss present approaches in light of their clinical relevance; we also present future advanced techniques for bone tissue engineering, outlining the steps to realize for their translation from bench to bedside. The discussion includes the physiology of bone healing, requirements and properties of natural and synthetic biomaterials for bone reconstruction, their use in conjunction with cellular components and suitable growth factors, and strategies to improve vascularization and the translation of these regenerative concepts to in vivo applications. We conclude that the ideal all-purpose material for scaffold-guided bone regeneration is currently not available. It seems that a variety of different solutions will be employed, according to the clinical treatment necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schulze
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Annemarie Lang
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery & Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Janosch Schoon
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georgi I. Wassilew
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Johannes Reichert
- Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3834-86-22530
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang K, Wen D, Xu X, Zhao R, Jiang F, Yuan S, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Li Q. Extracellular matrix stiffness-The central cue for skin fibrosis. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1132353. [PMID: 36968277 PMCID: PMC10031116 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1132353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin fibrosis is a physiopathological process featuring the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), which is the main architecture that provides structural support and constitutes the microenvironment for various cellular behaviors. Recently, increasing interest has been drawn to the relationship between the mechanical properties of the ECM and the initiation and modulation of skin fibrosis, with the engagement of a complex network of signaling pathways, the activation of mechanosensitive proteins, and changes in immunoregulation and metabolism. Simultaneous with the progression of skin fibrosis, the stiffness of ECM increases, which in turn perturbs mechanical and humoral homeostasis to drive cell fate toward an outcome that maintains and enhances the fibrosis process, thus forming a pro-fibrotic "positive feedback loop". In this review, we highlighted the central role of the ECM and its dynamic changes at both the molecular and cellular levels in skin fibrosis. We paid special attention to signaling pathways regulated by mechanical cues in ECM remodeling. We also systematically summarized antifibrotic interventions targeting the ECM, hopefully enlightening new strategies for fibrotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongsheng Wen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feipeng Jiang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengqin Yuan
- School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yifan Zhang, ; Ya Gao, ; Qingfeng Li,
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yifan Zhang, ; Ya Gao, ; Qingfeng Li,
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yifan Zhang, ; Ya Gao, ; Qingfeng Li,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Serra-Bardenys G, Peiró S. Enzymatic lysine oxidation as a posttranslational modification. FEBS J 2022; 289:8020-8031. [PMID: 34535954 PMCID: PMC10078733 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxidoreductases catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions and comprise a very large and diverse group of enzymes, which can be subclassified depending on the catalytic mechanisms of the enzymes. One of the most prominent oxidative modifications in proteins is carbonylation, which involves the formation of aldehyde and keto groups in the side chain of lysines. This modification can alter the local macromolecular structure of proteins, thereby regulating their function, stability, and/or localization, as well as the nature of any protein-protein and/or protein-nucleic acid interactions. In this review, we focus on copper-dependent amine oxidases, which catalyze oxidative deamination of amines to aldehydes. In particular, we discuss oxidation reactions that involve lysine residues and that are regulated by members of the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family of proteins. We summarize what is known about the newly identified substrates and how this posttranslational modification regulates protein function in different contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Peiró
- Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Urbanowicz T, Hanć A, Olasińska-Wiśniewska A, Rodzki M, Witkowska A, Michalak M, Perek B, Haneya A, Jemielity M. Serum copper concentration reflect inflammatory activation in the complex coronary artery disease - A pilot study. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 74:127064. [PMID: 36058104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronary artery disease possess inflammatory background related to enzymatic processes with trace elements involvements as co-factors. The aim of the study was to compare serum, urine and salivary copper, magnesium, calcium and zinc levels with inflammatory indices obtained from the whole blood count in patients with complex coronary artery disease. MATERIAL AND METHOD Fifty-two (42(81 %) males, 10 (19 %) females) consecutive patients (mean (SD) age 68 (9) years with symptomatic complex coronary artery disease were enrolled into prospective single center study in 2021. Serum, saliva and urine samples were collected at the day of admission for trace elements concentration (copper, zinc, magnesium, calcium) and compared with inflammatory indexes obtained from preoperative and perioperative period. RESULTS Multivariable regression analysis revealed relation between the copper serum concentration and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic inflammatory index (SII). CONCLUSION Serum copper concentration interplay with preoperative inflammatory activation in complex coronary disease measured by NLR and SII. The copper serum concentration possesses the strongest relation to preoperative inflammatory activation in patients reffered for off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Urbanowicz
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Anetta Hanć
- Department of Trace Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Olasińska-Wiśniewska
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Rodzki
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Witkowska
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Michalak
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Perek
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Assad Haneya
- Klinik für Herz, und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitat Klinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Marek Jemielity
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
de Carpentier F, Maes A, Marchand CH, Chung C, Durand C, Crozet P, Lemaire SD, Danon A. How abiotic stress-induced socialization leads to the formation of massive aggregates in Chlamydomonas. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1927-1940. [PMID: 35775951 PMCID: PMC9614484 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Multicellular organisms implement a set of reactions involving signaling and cooperation between different types of cells. Unicellular organisms, on the other hand, activate defense systems that involve collective behaviors between individual organisms. In the unicellular model alga Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), the existence and the function of collective behaviors mechanisms in response to stress remain mostly at the level of the formation of small structures called palmelloids. Here, we report the characterization of a mechanism of abiotic stress response that Chlamydomonas can trigger to form massive multicellular structures. We showed that these aggregates constitute an effective bulwark within which the cells are efficiently protected from the toxic environment. We generated a family of mutants that aggregate spontaneously, the socializer (saz) mutants, of which saz1 is described here in detail. We took advantage of the saz mutants to implement a large-scale multiomics approach that allowed us to show that aggregation is not the result of passive agglutination, but rather genetic reprogramming and substantial modification of the secretome. The reverse genetic analysis we conducted allowed us to identify positive and negative regulators of aggregation and to make hypotheses on how this process is controlled in Chlamydomonas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Félix de Carpentier
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR 8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR 7238, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Alexandre Maes
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR 8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Christophe H Marchand
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR 8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR 7238, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Céline Chung
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR 8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Cyrielle Durand
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR 8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Crozet
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR 8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR 7238, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Polytech-Sorbonne, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane D Lemaire
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR 8226, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR 7238, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lu PY, Niu GJ, Hong PP, Wang JX. Lysyl Oxidase-like Protein Recognizes Viral Envelope Proteins and Bacterial Polysaccharides against Pathogen Infection via Induction of Expression of Antimicrobial Peptides. Viruses 2022; 14:v14092072. [PMID: 36146878 PMCID: PMC9500624 DOI: 10.3390/v14092072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysyl oxidases (LOXs) are copper-dependent monoamine oxidases, and they play critical roles in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. The LOX and LOX-like (LOXL) proteins also have a variety of biological functions, such as development and growth regulation, tumor suppression, and cellular senescence. However, the functions of LOXLs containing repeated scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains in immunity are rarely reported. In this study, we characterized the antiviral and antibacterial functions of a lysyl oxidase-like (LOXL) protein containing tandem SRCR domains in Marsupenaeus japonicus. The mRNA level of LoxL was significantly upregulated in the hemocytes and intestines of shrimp challenged using white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or bacteria. After the knockdown of LoxL via RNA interference, WSSV replication and bacterial loads were apparently increased, and the survival rate of the shrimp decreased significantly, suggesting that LOXL functions against pathogen infection in shrimp. Mechanistically, LOXL interacted with the envelope proteins of WSSV or with lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan from bacteria in shrimp challenged using WSSV or bacteria, and it promoted the expression of a battery of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) via the induction of Dorsal nuclear translocation against viral and bacterial infection. Moreover, LOXL expression was also positively regulated by Dorsal in the shrimp challenged by pathogens. These results indicate that, by acting as a pattern recognition receptor, LOXL plays vital roles in antiviral and antibacterial innate immunity by enhancing the expression of AMPs in shrimp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Yuan Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Guo-Juan Niu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pan-Pan Hong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jin-Xing Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mahapatra S, Sharma MVR, Brownson B, Gallicano VE, Gallicano GI. Cardiac inducing colonies halt fibroblast activation and induce cardiac/endothelial cells to move and expand via paracrine signaling. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar96. [PMID: 35653297 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-02-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF), a common event that develops after myocardial infarction, initially is a reparative process but eventually leads to heart failure and sudden cardiac arrest. In MF, the infarct area is replaced by a collagenous-based scar induced by "excessive" collagen deposition from activated cardiac fibroblasts. The scar prevents ventricular wall thinning; however, over time it expands to noninfarcted myocardium. Therapies to prevent fibrosis include reperfusion, anti-fibrotic agents, and ACE inhibitors. Paracrine factor (PF)/stem cell research has recently gained significance as a therapy. We consistently find that cardiac inducing colonies (CiCs) (derived from human germline pluripotent stem cells) secrete PFs at physiologically relevant concentrations that suppress cardiac fibroblast activation and excessive extracellular matrix protein secretion. These factors also affect human cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells by inducing migration/proliferation of both populations into a myocardial wound model. Finally, CiC factors modulate matrix turnover and proinflammation. Taking the results together, we show that CiCs could help tip the balance from fibrosis toward repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057-145
| | | | - Breanna Brownson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057-145.,Rye High School, Rye, NY 10580
| | - Vaughn E Gallicano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057-145.,Thomas Edison High School, Alexandria, VA 22310
| | - G Ian Gallicano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057-145
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ntambiyukuri A, Li X, Xiao D, Wang A, Zhan J, He L. Circadian Rhythm Regulates Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Inhibits Al-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Peanut. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081271. [PMID: 36013450 PMCID: PMC9410085 DOI: 10.3390/life12081271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peanut is among the most important oil crops in the world. In the southern part of China, peanut is highly produced; however, the arable land is acidic. In acidic soils, aluminum (Al) inhibits plant growth and development by changing the properties of the cell wall and causing the disorder of the intracellular metabolic process. Circadian rhythm is an internal mechanism that occurs about every 24 h and enables plants to maintain internal biological processes with a daily cycle. To investigate the effect of photoperiod and Al stress on the Al-induced programmed cell death (PCD), two peanut varieties were treated with 100 μM AlCl3 under three photoperiodic conditions (8/16, SD; 12/12, ND; 16/8 h, LD). The results show that Al toxicity was higher in ZH2 than in 99-1507 and higher under LD than under SD. Root length decreased by 30, 37.5, and 50% in ZH2 and decreased by 26.08, 34.78, and 47.82% in 99-1507 under SD, ND, and LD, respectively, under Al stress. Photoperiod and Al induced cell death and ROS production. MDA content, PME activity, and LOX activity increased under SD, ND, and LD, respectively, under Al stress both in ZH2 and 99-1507. APX, SOD, CAT, and POD activities were higher under SD, ND, and LD, respectively. Al stress increased the level of AhLHY expression under SD and ND but decreased it under LD in both ZH2 and 99-1507. Contrastingly, AhSTS expression levels increased exponentially and were higher under SD, LD, and ND, respectively, under Al stress. Our results will be a useful platform to research PCD induced by Al and gain new insights into the genetic manipulation of the circadian clock for plant stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Ntambiyukuri
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xia Li
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Nanning 530004, China
- Correspondence: (D.X.); (L.H.)
| | - Aiqin Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jie Zhan
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Longfei He
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Nanning 530004, China
- Correspondence: (D.X.); (L.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liu Y, Zhu J, Yang L, Wu Q, Zhou Z, Zhang X, Zeng W. Lysyl Oxidase-Like Protein-2 Silencing Suppresses the Invasion and Proliferation of Esophageal Cancer Cells. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the effect of silencing lysyl oxidase-like protein-2 (LOXL2) gene on TE-1 cells. TE-1 cells were transfected by LOXL2-siRNA. E-cadherin, LOXL2, and Snail were detected using Western blot and Real-time PCR. Transwell invasion and migration assay was performed. Flow
cytometry detected apoptosis. Cell growth was analyzed with CCK-8 and colony formation. After48 h of transfection, compared with control groups, LOXL2 mRNA in the LOXL2-siRNA group (0.40±0.01) lowered significantly (P < 0.05). Consistently, LOXL2 protein in LOXL2-siRNA group
was (0.48± 0.02), significantly lower than that in blank control (1.04± 0.03) and negative control (1.02± 0.02) (P < 0.05). After 72 h of cell culture, the absorbance of LOXL2-siRNA group was (0.43±0.04), which reduced significantly than blank control
(0.81±0.05) and negative control (0.84±0.06) (P < 0.05). Similarly, cell clone number after LOXL2-siRNA transfection (72.3±4.2)increased significantly than the negative control (178.8±4.6) and blank control (167.3±3.5) (P < 0.05). However,
LOXL2 silencing did not significantly affect cell apoptosis. Furthermore, LOXL2 silencing inhibited Snail while increased E-cadherin (P < 0.05). Conclusively, LOXL2 silencing may suppress the invasion and proliferation of esophageal cancer cells via down-regulating Snail, and up-regulating
E-cadherin to inhibit EMT in esophageal cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Longhai Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zizi Zhou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ovarian Transcriptomic Analysis of Ninghai Indigenous Chickens at Different Egg-Laying Periods. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040595. [PMID: 35456401 PMCID: PMC9027236 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Egg production is an essential indicator of poultry fertility. The ovary is a crucial organ involved in egg production; however, little is known about the key genes and signaling pathways involved in the whole egg-laying cycle of hens. In order to explore the mechanism of egg production at different stages of the egg-laying process, ovarian tissues from four chickens were randomly selected for transcriptome analysis at each of the three ages (145 d, 204 d, and 300 d in the early, peak, and late stages of egg laying). A total of 12 gene libraries were constructed, and a total of 8433 differential genes were identified from NH145d vs. NH204d, NH145d vs. NH300d and NH300d vs. NH204d (Ninghai 145-day-old, Ninghai 204-day-old, and Ninghai 300-day-old), with 1176, 1653 and 1868 up-regulated genes, and 621, 1955 and 1160 down-regulated genes, respectively. In each of the two comparison groups, 73, 1004, and 1030 differentially expressed genes were found to be co-expressed. We analyzed the differentially expressed genes and predicted nine genes involved in egg production regulation, including LRP8, BMP6, ZP4, COL4A1, VCAN, INHBA, LOX, PTX3, and IHH, as well as several essential egg production pathways, such as regulation adhesion molecules (CAMs), calcium signaling pathways, neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction. Transcriptional analysis of the chicken ovary during different phases of egg-lay will provide a useful molecular basis for study of the development of the egg-laying ovary.
Collapse
|
32
|
Jacob CDS, Barbosa GK, Rodrigues MP, Pimentel Neto J, Rocha-Braga LC, de Oliveira CG, Chacur M, Ciena AP. Ultrastructural and Molecular Development of the Myotendinous Junction Triggered by Stretching Prior to Resistance Exercise. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2022; 28:1-6. [PMID: 35258447 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927622000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The myotendinous junction (MTJ) is a highly specialized region of the locomotor apparatus. Here, we investigated the ultrastructural and molecular effects in the MTJ region after static stretching prior to the ladder-based resistance training. Thirty-two male, 60-day old Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Sedentary, Resistance Training, Stretching, and Stretching-Resistance Training. The gastrocnemius muscle was processed for transmission electron microscopy techniques and Western blot assay. We observed that the static stretching prior to the ladder-based resistance training increased the MTJ components, the fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 and FGF-6 protein expression. Also, we demonstrated the lower transforming growth factor expression and no difference in the lysyl oxidase expression after combined training. The MTJ alterations in response to combined training demonstrate adaptive mechanisms which can be used for the prescription or development of methods to reduce or prevent injuries in humans and promote the myotendinous interface benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Dos S Jacob
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro13506-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela K Barbosa
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro13506-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro13506-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Jurandyr Pimentel Neto
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro13506-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Lara C Rocha-Braga
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro13506-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Camilla G de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroanatomy of Pain (LAND), Department of Anatomy, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marucia Chacur
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroanatomy of Pain (LAND), Department of Anatomy, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano P Ciena
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro13506-900, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nho RS, Ballinger MN, Rojas MM, Ghadiali SN, Horowitz JC. Biomechanical Force and Cellular Stiffness in Lung Fibrosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:750-761. [PMID: 35183510 PMCID: PMC9088200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is characterized by the continuous accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins produced by apoptosis-resistant (myo)fibroblasts. Lung epithelial injury promotes the recruitment and activation of fibroblasts, which are necessary for tissue repair and restoration of homeostasis. However, under pathologic conditions, a vicious cycle generated by profibrotic growth factors/cytokines, multicellular interactions, and matrix-associated signaling propagates the wound repair response and promotes lung fibrosis characterized not only by increased quantities of ECM proteins but also by changes in the biomechanical properties of the matrix. Importantly, changes in the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the matrix itself can serve to perpetuate fibroblast activity and propagate fibrosis, even in the absence of the initial stimulus of injury. The development of novel experimental models and methods increasingly facilitates our ability to interrogate fibrotic processes at the cellular and molecular levels. The goal of this review is to discuss the impact of ECM conditions in the development of lung fibrosis and to introduce new approaches to more accurately model the in vivo fibrotic microenvironment. This article highlights the pathologic roles of ECM in terms of mechanical force and the cellular interactions while reviewing in vitro and ex vivo models of lung fibrosis. The improved understanding of the fundamental mechanisms that contribute to lung fibrosis holds promise for identification of new therapeutic targets and improved outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Nho
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Megan N Ballinger
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mauricio M Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Samir N Ghadiali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey C Horowitz
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Rojas A, Lindner C, Schneider I, Gonzàlez I, Araya H, Morales E, Gómez M, Urdaneta N, Araya P, Morales MA. Diabetes mellitus contribution to the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment in gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1997-2012. [PMID: 35070037 PMCID: PMC8713306 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i12.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Compelling pieces of evidence derived from both clinical and experimental research has demonstrated the crucial contribution of diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor associated with increased cancer incidence and mortality in many human neoplasms, including gastric cancer (GC). DM is considered a systemic inflammatory disease and therefore, this inflammatory status may have profound effects on the tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly by driving many molecular mechanisms to generate a more aggressive TME. DM is an active driver in the modification of the behavior of many cell components of the TME as well as altering the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to an increased ECM stiffening. Additionally, DM can alter many cellular signaling mechanisms and thus favoring tumor growth, invasion, and metastatic potential, as well as key elements in regulating cellular functions and cross-talks, such as the microRNAs network, the production, and cargo of exosomes, the metabolism of cell stroma and resistance to hypoxia. In the present review, we intend to highlight the mechanistic contributions of DM to the remodeling of TME in GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Cristian Lindner
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Iván Schneider
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Ileana Gonzàlez
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Hernan Araya
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Erik Morales
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
- Servicio de Anatomía Patologica, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Milibeth Gómez
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Nelson Urdaneta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Regional de Talca, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Paulina Araya
- Biomedical Research Lab., Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Miguel Angel Morales
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Du G, Cheng X, Zhang Z, Han L, Wu K, Li Y, Lin X. TGF-Beta Induced Key Genes of Osteogenic and Adipogenic Differentiation in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and MiRNA-mRNA Regulatory Networks. Front Genet 2021; 12:759596. [PMID: 34899844 PMCID: PMC8656281 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.759596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The clinical efficacy of osteoporosis therapy is unsatisfactory. However, there is currently no gold standard for the treatment of osteoporosis. Recent studies have indicated that a switch from osteogenic to adipogenic differentiation in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) induces osteoporosis. This study aimed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the biological mechanisms involved in this process and to identify key genes involved in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in hMSCs to provide new insights for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Methods: Microarray and bioinformatics approaches were used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, and the biological functions and pathways of these genes were analyzed. Hub genes were identified, and the miRNA–mRNA interaction networks of these hub genes were constructed. Results: In an optimized microenvironment, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) could promote osteogenic differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs. According to our study, 98 upregulated genes involved in osteogenic differentiation and 66 downregulated genes involved in adipogenic differentiation were identified, and associated biological functions and pathways were analyzed. Based on the protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks, the hub genes of the upregulated genes (CTGF, IGF1, BMP2, MMP13, TGFB3, MMP3, and SERPINE1) and the hub genes of the downregulated genes (PPARG, TIMP3, ANXA1, ADAMTS5, AGTR1, CXCL12, and CEBPA) were identified, and statistical analysis revealed significant differences. In addition, 36 miRNAs derived from the upregulated hub genes were screened, as were 17 miRNAs derived from the downregulated hub genes. Hub miRNAs (hsa-miR-27a/b-3p, hsa-miR-128-3p, hsa-miR-1-3p, hsa-miR-98-5p, and hsa-miR-130b-3p) coregulated both osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation factors. Conclusion: The upregulated hub genes identified are potential targets for osteogenic differentiation in hMSCs, whereas the downregulated hub genes are potential targets for adipogenic differentiation. These hub genes and miRNAs play important roles in adipogenesis and osteogenesis of hMSCs. They may be related to the prevention and treatment not only of osteoporosis but also of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genfa Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinyuan Cheng
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Linjing Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Keliang Wu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shunde Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaosheng Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhao Y, Ma T, Zou D. Identification of Unique Transcriptomic Signatures and Hub Genes Through RNA Sequencing and Integrated WGCNA and PPI Network Analysis in Nonerosive Reflux Disease. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6143-6156. [PMID: 34848992 PMCID: PMC8627320 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s340452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Transcriptomic studies on gastroesophageal reflux disease are scarce, and gene expression signatures in nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) remain elusive. The aim of the study was to identify gene expression profiles and potential hub genes in NERD. Patients and Methods We performed RNA sequencing on biopsy samples from nine consecutive patients with NERD and six healthy controls. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analysed with the DESeq2 R package. A DEG-based protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to filter hub genes using Cytoscape. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to identify the coexpression relationships of all modules and explore the relationship between gene sets and clinical traits. Results In total, 1195 DEGs were identified, including 649 upregulated and 546 downregulated genes involved in regulating the inflammatory response and epithelial cell differentiation. Overlap of the PPI and WGCNA networks identified five shared genes, namely, THY1, BMP2, LOX, KDR and MMP9, as candidate hub genes in NERD. Quantitative PCR analysis of the expression of these five genes confirmed the sequencing results. Receiver operating characteristic analyses indicated that these hub genes had diagnostic potential for NERD patients. Gene set enrichment analysis confirmed that each hub gene was closely associated with the pathophysiological processes of NERD. In addition, a regulatory network comprising 42 transcription factors (TFs), 28 miRNAs and 5 hub genes was established. Conclusion The five core genes may be promising biomarkers of NERD. The TF/miRNA/hub gene network can improve the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Duowu Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tong X, Zhang S, Wang D, Zhang L, Huang J, Zhang T, Fan H. Azithromycin Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis Partly by Inhibiting the Expression of LOX and LOXL-2. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:709819. [PMID: 34803671 PMCID: PMC8602210 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.709819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and progressive process of tissue repair. Azithromycin (AZM) may be beneficial for the treatment of PF because AZM has anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory roles and inhibits remodeling, but the mechanism is not entirely clear. In this study, we established a mouse PF model induced by bleomycin (BLM) and primary mouse lung fibroblasts stimulated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 to explore the possible mechanisms of AZM in PF. Results showed that AZM reduces mortality and lung inflammation and attenuates BLM-induced PF in mice. AZM effectively reduced the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and type I collagen. Meanwhile, expression of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and lysyl oxidase-like protein (LOXL)-2 in the lung tissue of mice after AZM treatment was significantly lower than in the BLM group. In addition, this study found that AZM significantly inhibits the TGF-β1/Smad and JNK/c-Jun signaling pathways in vivo, and expression of a-SMA, type I collagen, LOX and LOXL-2 in the lung tissue of mice treated with AZM was significantly lower than that in the BLM group. In vitro, AZM also effectively inhibited type I collagen, LOX, LOXL-2 and JNK-c-Jun signaling pathways in TGF-β1-stimulated primary mouse fibroblasts, and this effect was similar to that of a JNK-specific inhibitor (SP600125). In conclusion, AZM effectively attenuated BLM-induced PF in mice, which may play a role by partially inhibiting the JNK/c-Jun and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways and reducing production of LOX and LOXL2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongguang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jizheng Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianli Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu S, Medina-Perez P, Ha-Thi MC, Wieland A, Stecklum M, Hoffmann J, Tchernitsa O, Sers C, Schäfer R. Rapid testing of candidate oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes in signal transduction and neoplastic transformation. Adv Biol Regul 2021; 83:100841. [PMID: 34866037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2021.100841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The COSMIC database (version 94) lists 576 genes in the Cancer Gene Census which have a defined function as drivers of malignancy (oncogenes) or as tumour suppressors (Tier 1). In addition, there are 147 genes with similar functions, but which are less well characterised (Tier 2). Furthermore, next-generation sequencing projects in the context of precision oncology activities are constantly discovering new ones. Since cancer genes differ from their wild-type precursors in numerous molecular and biochemical properties and exert significant differential effects on downstream processes, simple assays that can uncover oncogenic or anti-oncogenic functionality are desirable and may precede more sophisticated analyses. We describe simple functional assays for PTPN11 (protein-tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor-type 11)/SHP2 mutants, which are typically found in RASopathies and exhibit potential oncogenic activity. We have also designed a functional test for lysyl oxidase (LOX), a prototypical class II tumour suppressor gene whose loss of function may contribute to neoplastic transformation by RAS oncogenes. Moreover, we applied this test to analyse three co-regulated, RAS-responsive genes for transformation-suppressive activity. The integration of these tests into systems biology studies will contribute to a better understanding of cellular networks in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paula Medina-Perez
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Minh-Cam Ha-Thi
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Wieland
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Stecklum
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, D-13125, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Jens Hoffmann
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, D-13125, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Oleg Tchernitsa
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Sers
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Posadas Y, López-Guerrero VE, Segovia J, Perez-Cruz C, Quintanar L. Dissecting the copper bioinorganic chemistry of the functional and pathological roles of the prion protein: Relevance in Alzheimer's disease and cancer. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2021; 66:102098. [PMID: 34768088 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.102098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a metal-binding biomolecule that can interact with different protein partners involved in pivotal physiological processes, such as neurogenesis and neuronal plasticity. Recent studies profile copper and PrPC as important players in the pathological mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and cancer. Although the copper-PrPC interaction has been characterized extensively, the role of the metal ion in the physiological and pathological roles of PrPC has been barely explored. In this article, we discuss how copper binding and proteolytic processing may impact the ability of PrPC to recruit protein partners for its functional roles. The importance to dissect the role of copper-PrPC interactions in health and disease is also underscored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanahi Posadas
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, 07350, Mexico; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, 07350, Mexico
| | - Victor E López-Guerrero
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, 07350, Mexico; Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, 07350, Mexico
| | - José Segovia
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, 07350, Mexico
| | - Claudia Perez-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, 07350, Mexico
| | - Liliana Quintanar
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, 07350, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
He Y, Liu T, Dai S, Xu Z, Wang L, Luo F. Tumor-Associated Extracellular Matrix: How to Be a Potential Aide to Anti-tumor Immunotherapy? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:739161. [PMID: 34733848 PMCID: PMC8558531 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.739161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cancer immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint blockade therapy, has made major breakthroughs in the therapy of cancers. However, less than one-third of the cancer patients obtain significant and long-lasting therapeutic effects by cancer immunotherapy. Over the past few decades, cancer-related inflammations have been gradually more familiar to us. It’s known that chronic inflammation in tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a predominant role in tumor immunosuppression. Tumor-associated extracellular matrix (ECM), as a core member of TME, has been a research hotspot recently. A growing number of studies indicate that tumor-associated ECM is one of the major obstacles to realizing more successful cases of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we discussed the potential application of tumor-associated ECM in the cancer immunity and its aide potentialities to anti-tumor immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Oncology Department, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zihan Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Aasebø E, Brenner AK, Hernandez-Valladares M, Birkeland E, Mjaavatten O, Reikvam H, Selheim F, Berven FS, Bruserud Ø. Patient Heterogeneity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Leukemic Cell Communication by Release of Soluble Mediators and Its Effects on Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9040074. [PMID: 34698165 PMCID: PMC8544451 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9040074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive bone marrow malignancy, and non-leukemic stromal cells (including mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs) are involved in leukemogenesis and show AML-supporting effects. We investigated how constitutive extracellular mediator release by primary human AML cells alters proteomic profiles of normal bone marrow MSCs. An average of 6814 proteins (range 6493−6918 proteins) were quantified for 41 MSC cultures supplemented with AML-cell conditioned medium, whereas an average of 6715 proteins (range 6703−6722) were quantified for untreated control MSCs. The AML effect on global MSC proteomic profiles varied between patients. Hierarchical clustering analysis identified 10 patients (5/10 secondary AML) showing more extensive AML-effects on the MSC proteome, whereas the other 31 patients clustered together with the untreated control MSCs and showed less extensive AML-induced effects. These two patient subsets differed especially with regard to MSC levels of extracellular matrix and mitochondrial/metabolic regulatory proteins. Less than 10% of MSC proteins were significantly altered by the exposure to AML-conditioned media; 301 proteins could only be quantified after exposure to conditioned medium and 201 additional proteins were significantly altered compared with the levels in control samples (153 increased, 48 decreased). The AML-modulated MSC proteins formed several interacting networks mainly reflecting intracellular organellar structure/trafficking but also extracellular matrix/cytokine signaling, and a single small network reflecting altered DNA replication. Our results suggest that targeting of intracellular trafficking and/or intercellular communication is a possible therapeutic strategy in AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Aasebø
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (A.K.B.); (H.R.)
- The Proteomics Facility of the University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.H.-V.); (E.B.); (O.M.); (F.S.); (F.S.B.)
| | - Annette K. Brenner
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (A.K.B.); (H.R.)
| | - Maria Hernandez-Valladares
- The Proteomics Facility of the University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.H.-V.); (E.B.); (O.M.); (F.S.); (F.S.B.)
| | - Even Birkeland
- The Proteomics Facility of the University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.H.-V.); (E.B.); (O.M.); (F.S.); (F.S.B.)
| | - Olav Mjaavatten
- The Proteomics Facility of the University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.H.-V.); (E.B.); (O.M.); (F.S.); (F.S.B.)
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (A.K.B.); (H.R.)
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Frode Selheim
- The Proteomics Facility of the University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.H.-V.); (E.B.); (O.M.); (F.S.); (F.S.B.)
| | - Frode S. Berven
- The Proteomics Facility of the University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.H.-V.); (E.B.); (O.M.); (F.S.); (F.S.B.)
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (A.K.B.); (H.R.)
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li Z, Shi L, Li X, Wang X, Wang H, Liu Y. RNF144A-AS1, a TGF-β1- and hypoxia-inducible gene that promotes tumor metastasis and proliferation via targeting the miR-30c-2-3p/LOX axis in gastric cancer. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:177. [PMID: 34583752 PMCID: PMC8480077 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00689-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although recent molecular analyses have improved our knowledge regarding gastric cancer (GC) biology, the molecular mechanisms that confer metastatic potential to GC remain poorly understood. In this study, we intend to explore the function and characterize the underlying mechanism of long noncoding RNA RNF144A-AS1 in GC metastasis and outgrowth. Methods The expression of RNF144A-AS1, miR-30c-2-3p, and Lysyl oxidase (LOX) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR assay. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and subcellular fractionation assay determined the cellular localization of RNF144A-AS1. Cell counting kit 8 assay, transwell assay, and tube formation assay were performed to detect the effect on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis, respectively. Animal models were also applied to verify the effect on tumor metastasis, outgrowth, and angiogenesis. Bioinformatic analysis, luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay explored the interactions among RNF144A-AS1, miR-30c-2-3p, and LOX. Gene regulation was further validated by knockdown of Dicer or mutating the miRNA binding sites on RNF144A-AS1 and LOX 3ʹUTR. Cells were treated with recombinant human TGF-β1 (Transforming Growth Factor β1) to explore the effect of TGF-β1 on RNF144A-AS1. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect protein expression. Results The expression of RNF144A-AS1 was significantly upregulated in GC tissues and was associated with poor prognosis and later-stage diseases. Hypoxia stimulated the expression of RNF144A-AS1 in a HIF-1α-independent manner. Additionally, RNF144A-AS1 was also induced by TGF-β1. Loss and gain of function assays revealed that RNF144A-AS1 promoted tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and proliferation. Mechanism exploration indicated RNF144A-AS1 served as a microRNA decoy of miR-30c-2-3p to release LOX. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis further suggested LOX and RNF144A-AS1 were enriched in the same gene sets, emphasizing the internal mechanism connection between these two genes. Conclusions TGF-β1- and hypoxia-inducible RNF144A-AS1 promoted tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and proliferation through targeting the miR-30c-2-3p/LOX axis in GC, highlighting the value of the RNF144A-AS1/miR-30c-2-3p/LOX axis in therapeutic interventions of GC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-021-00689-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengliang Li
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Huanghe West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Huanghe West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangwei Li
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Huanghe West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Huanghe West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haixiao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Huanghe West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yeliu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Huanghe West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Akagawa M. Protein carbonylation: molecular mechanisms, biological implications, and analytical approaches. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:307-320. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1851027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsugu Akagawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Martins SG, Zilhão R, Thorsteinsdóttir S, Carlos AR. Linking Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage to Changes in the Expression of Extracellular Matrix Components. Front Genet 2021; 12:673002. [PMID: 34394183 PMCID: PMC8358603 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.673002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells are subjected to endogenous [e.g., reactive oxygen species (ROS), replication stress] and exogenous insults (e.g., UV light, ionizing radiation, and certain chemicals), which can affect the synthesis and/or stability of different macromolecules required for cell and tissue function. Oxidative stress, caused by excess ROS, and DNA damage, triggered in response to different sources, are countered and resolved by specific mechanisms, allowing the normal physiological equilibrium of cells and tissues to be restored. One process that is affected by oxidative stress and DNA damage is extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, which is a continuous and highly controlled mechanism that allows tissues to readjust in reaction to different challenges. The crosstalk between oxidative stress/DNA damage and ECM remodeling is not unidirectional. Quite on the contrary, mutations in ECM genes have a strong impact on tissue homeostasis and are characterized by increased oxidative stress and potentially also accumulation of DNA damage. In this review, we will discuss how oxidative stress and DNA damage affect the expression and deposition of ECM molecules and conversely how mutations in genes encoding ECM components trigger accumulation of oxidative stress and DNA damage. Both situations hamper the reestablishment of cell and tissue homeostasis, with negative impacts on tissue and organ function, which can be a driver for severe pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana G Martins
- Centro de Ecologia, Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita Zilhão
- Centro de Ecologia, Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sólveig Thorsteinsdóttir
- Centro de Ecologia, Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Carlos
- Centro de Ecologia, Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Rushton DH, Westgate GE, Van Neste DJ. Following historical "tracks" of hair follicle miniaturisation in patterned hair loss: Are elastin bodies the forgotten aetiology? Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:102-109. [PMID: 34008225 PMCID: PMC9290669 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pattern hair loss (PHL) is a chronic regressive condition of the scalp, where follicular miniaturisation and decreased scalp hair coverage occurs in affected areas. In all PHL cases, there is a measurable progressive shortening of the terminal hair growth duration, along with reduced linear growth rates. In both genders, PHL initially shows an increase in short telogen hairs ≤30 mm in length, reflecting a cycle completion of under 6 months in affected terminal hair follicles. To understand the miniaturisation process, we re-examine the dynamics of miniaturisation and ask the question, "why do miniaturised hair follicles resist treatment?" In the light of recent developments in relation to hair regeneration, we looked back in the older literature for helpful clues "lost to time" and reprise a 1978 Hermann Pinkus observation of an array of elastin deposits beneath the dermal papilla following subsequent anagen/telogen transitions in male balding, originally described by Arao and Perkins who concluded that these changes provide a "morphologic marker of the entire biologic process in the balding scalp." Thus, we have reviewed the role of the elastin-like bodies in hair pathology and we propose that alterations in elastin architecture may contribute to the failure of vellus-like hair reverting back to their terminal status and may indicate a new area for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Hugh Rushton
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Gillian E Westgate
- Centre for Skin Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Evaluation of Important Molecular Pathways and Candidate Diagnostic Biomarkers of Noninvasive to Invasive Stages in Gastric Cancer by In Silico Analysis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5571413. [PMID: 34054953 PMCID: PMC8131151 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5571413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer affects millions of people each year; it is the fifth deadliest cancer globally. Due to failure to perform routine tests such as endoscopy, it is usually diagnosed in the invasive stages. Therefore, finding diagnostic biomarkers in blood can help to speed up the initial diagnosis of cancer. This study aimed to find appropriate diagnostic biomarkers in the extracellular matrix of noninvasive to invasive stages of gastric cancer patients, using bioinformatics analysis. First, we selected the appropriate datasets from the GEO database. We evaluated the genes' signaling pathways, biological processes, and molecular functions. More accurately, we assessed the genes, in which their protein products are released into the extracellular matrix; we evaluated their protein network. Then, we validated the candidate proteins in the GEPIA and TCGA databases. The extracellular matrix, tyrosine kinase receptors, and immune response pathways are effective factors, which are related to the highly expressed genes and metabolism; cell cycle pathways are also impressive on low-expression genes. 69 highly expressed proteins are released into the extracellular matrix. After drawing the protein network, 5 proteins were selected as more suitable candidates for further studies. These proteins' expression significantly increases in the human samples, and the survival chart showed up to about 80% mortality in the individuals over time. With integrated bioinformatics analysis, BGN, LOX, MMP-9, SERPINE1, and TGFB1 proteins have been selected as suitable diagnostic biomarkers for noninvasive to invasive stages of gastric cancer. Further studies are needed to evaluate more precise mechanisms between these proteins.
Collapse
|
47
|
Lin W, Zhang T, Ding G, Hao L, Zhang B, Yu J, Pang Y, Geng F, Zhan L, Zhou M, Yan Q, Wang Y, Zheng C, Li H. Circular RNA circ‑CCT3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating the miR‑1287‑5p/TEAD1/PTCH1/LOX axis. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:375. [PMID: 33760147 PMCID: PMC7986040 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a poor prognosis because of its insensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to serve important roles in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. circ-CCT3, a novel circRNA, was screened from the differential tissue expression results of a circRNA microarray. Relative expression levels of circ-CCT3 in specimens and cell lines were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and the relationship between circ-CCT3 and prognosis was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves. The oncogenic role of circ-CCT3 was confirmed in HCC cells through a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, a colony formation assay, acridine orange/ethidium bromide double fluorescence staining, flow cytometry, a wound-healing assay and a Transwell assay. Bioinformatics prediction and luciferase reporter assays validated that circ-CCT3 facilitated HCC progression through the miR-1287-5p/TEA domain transcription factor 1 (TEAD1) axis. TEAD1 could then directly activate patched 1 and lysyl oxidase transcription, as analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. The present study identified a novel circRNA, circ-CCT3, which may be used as a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wennan Lin
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Computed Tomography, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Guoxu Ding
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Liguo Hao
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Bingquan Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Pang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Geng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Lan Zhan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Minglu Zhou
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Qiyu Yan
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- Department of Computed Tomography, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Chunlei Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Electrophysiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Creamer TJ, Bramel EE, MacFarlane EG. Insights on the Pathogenesis of Aneurysm through the Study of Hereditary Aortopathies. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020183. [PMID: 33514025 PMCID: PMC7912671 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) are permanent and localized dilations of the aorta that predispose patients to a life-threatening risk of aortic dissection or rupture. The identification of pathogenic variants that cause hereditary forms of TAA has delineated fundamental molecular processes required to maintain aortic homeostasis. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) elaborate and remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM) in response to mechanical and biochemical cues from their environment. Causal variants for hereditary forms of aneurysm compromise the function of gene products involved in the transmission or interpretation of these signals, initiating processes that eventually lead to degeneration and mechanical failure of the vessel. These include mutations that interfere with transduction of stimuli from the matrix to the actin-myosin cytoskeleton through integrins, and those that impair signaling pathways activated by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). In this review, we summarize the features of the healthy aortic wall, the major pathways involved in the modulation of VSMC phenotypes, and the basic molecular functions impaired by TAA-associated mutations. We also discuss how the heterogeneity and balance of adaptive and maladaptive responses to the initial genetic insult might contribute to disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. Creamer
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (T.J.C.); (E.E.B.)
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Emily E. Bramel
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (T.J.C.); (E.E.B.)
- Predoctoral Training in Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Elena Gallo MacFarlane
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (T.J.C.); (E.E.B.)
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Vallet SD, Berthollier C, Salza R, Muller L, Ricard-Blum S. The Interactome of Cancer-Related Lysyl Oxidase and Lysyl Oxidase-Like Proteins. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:E71. [PMID: 33383846 PMCID: PMC7794802 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The members of the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family are amine oxidases, which initiate the covalent cross-linking of the extracellular matrix (ECM), regulate ECM stiffness, and contribute to cancer progression. The aim of this study was to build the first draft of the interactome of the five members of the LOX family in order to determine its molecular functions, the biological and signaling pathways mediating these functions, the biological processes it is involved in, and if and how it is rewired in cancer. In vitro binding assays, based on surface plasmon resonance and bio-layer interferometry, combined with queries of interaction databases and interaction datasets, were used to retrieve interaction data. The interactome was then analyzed using computational tools. We identified 31 new interactions and 14 new partners of LOXL2, including the α5β1 integrin, and built an interactome comprising 320 proteins, 5 glycosaminoglycans, and 399 interactions. This network participates in ECM organization, degradation and cross-linking, cell-ECM interactions mediated by non-integrin and integrin receptors, protein folding and chaperone activity, organ and blood vessel development, cellular response to stress, and signal transduction. We showed that this network is rewired in colorectal carcinoma, leading to a switch from ECM organization to protein folding and chaperone activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain D. Vallet
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA Lyon, CPE, Institute of Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, UMR 5246, F-69622 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France; (S.D.V.); (C.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Coline Berthollier
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA Lyon, CPE, Institute of Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, UMR 5246, F-69622 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France; (S.D.V.); (C.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Romain Salza
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA Lyon, CPE, Institute of Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, UMR 5246, F-69622 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France; (S.D.V.); (C.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Laurent Muller
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France;
| | - Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA Lyon, CPE, Institute of Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, UMR 5246, F-69622 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France; (S.D.V.); (C.B.); (R.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lysyl oxidase inhibition enhances browning of white adipose tissue and adaptive thermogenesis. Genes Dis 2020; 9:140-150. [PMID: 35005114 PMCID: PMC8720662 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence from both animal and human studies suggests that activation of beige fat increases cellular energy expenditure, ultimately reducing adiposity. Here, we report the central role of adipocyte-derived lysyl oxidase (Lox) in the formation of thermogenic beige fat. Mice exposed to cold or a β3 agonist showed drastically lower Lox expression in thermogenically activated beige fat. Importantly, inhibition of Lox activity with BAPN stimulated biogenesis of beige fat in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) under housing conditions and potentiated cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis and beiging in both iWAT and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT). Notably, white adipocytes with Lox repression undergo transdifferentiation into beige adipocytes which can be suppressed by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) via ERK activation. This work provides new insight into the molecular control to expand beige fat by Lox inhibition and suggest the potential for utilizing inhibitor of Lox to treat the emerging epidemics of obesity and diabetes.
Collapse
|