1
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Alarcan H, Bruno C, Emond P, Raoul C, Vourc'h P, Corcia P, Camu W, Veyrune JL, Garlanda C, Locati M, Juntas-Morales R, Saker S, Suehs C, Masseguin C, Kirby J, Shaw P, Malaspina A, De Vos J, Al-Chalabi A, Leigh PN, Tree T, Bensimon G, Blasco H. Pharmacometabolomics applied to low-dose interleukin-2 treatment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024; 1536:82-91. [PMID: 38771698 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating motor neuron disease. The immunosuppressive functions of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) are impaired in ALS, and correlate to disease progression. The phase 2a IMODALS trial reported an increase in Treg number in ALS patients following the administration of low-dose (ld) interleukin-2 (IL-2). We propose a pharmacometabolomics approach to decipher metabolic modifications occurring in patients treated with ld-IL-2 and its relationship with Treg response. Blood metabolomic profiles were determined on days D1, D64, and D85 from patients receiving 2 MIU of IL-2 (n = 12) and patients receiving a placebo (n = 12). We discriminated the three time points for the treatment group (average error rate of 42%). Among the important metabolites, kynurenine increased between D1 and D64, followed by a reduction at D85. The percentage increase of Treg number from D1 to D64, as predicted by the metabolome at D1, was highly correlated with the observed value. This study provided a proof of concept for metabolic characterization of the effect of ld-IL-2 in ALS. These data could present advances toward a personalized medicine approach and present pharmacometabolomics as a key tool to complement genomic and transcriptional data for drug characterization, leading to systems pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Alarcan
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Clément Bruno
- Service de Pharmacologie Médicale, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - Patrick Emond
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
- Laboratoire de Médecine nucléaire in vitro, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - Cédric Raoul
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- ALS Reference Center, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Vourc'h
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Corcia
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
- Service de Neurologie, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - William Camu
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- ALS Reference Center, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Veyrune
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Montepllier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Raúl Juntas-Morales
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carey Suehs
- Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie clinique, Santé Publique, Innovation et Méthodologie (BESPIM), Université de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Christophe Masseguin
- Delegation for Clinical Research and Innovation, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Janine Kirby
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Pamela Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Andrea Malaspina
- UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - John De Vos
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, University Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Timothy Tree
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Gilbert Bensimon
- Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie clinique, Santé Publique, Innovation et Méthodologie (BESPIM), Université de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Hélène Blasco
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
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2
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Wieser NV, Ghiboub M, Verseijden C, van Goudoever JB, Schoonderwoerd A, de Meij TGJ, Niemarkt HJ, Davids M, Lefèvre A, Emond P, Derikx JPM, de Jonge WJ, Sovran B. Exploring the Immunomodulatory Potential of Human Milk: Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation and Its Impact on Neonatal Gut Health. Nutrients 2024; 16:1531. [PMID: 38794769 PMCID: PMC11124328 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Several metabolites of the essential amino acid tryptophan have emerged as key players in gut homeostasis through different cellular pathways, particularly through metabolites which can activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). This study aimed to map the metabolism of tryptophan in early life and investigate the effects of specific metabolites on epithelial cells and barrier integrity. Twenty-one tryptophan metabolites were measured in the feces of full-term and preterm neonates as well as in human milk and formula. The ability of specific AHR metabolites to regulate cytokine-induced IL8 expression and maintain barrier integrity was assessed in Caco2 cells and human fetal organoids (HFOs). Overall, higher concentrations of tryptophan metabolites were measured in the feces of full-term neonates compared to those of preterm ones. Within AHR metabolites, indole-3-lactic acid (ILA) was significantly higher in the feces of full-term neonates. Human milk contained different levels of several tryptophan metabolites compared to formula. Particularly, within the AHR metabolites, indole-3-sulfate (I3S) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were significantly higher compared to formula. Fecal-derived ILA and milk-derived IAA were capable of reducing TNFα-induced IL8 expression in Caco2 cells and HFOs in an AHR-dependent manner. Furthermore, fecal-derived ILA and milk-derived IAA significantly reduced TNFα-induced barrier disruption in HFOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi V. Wieser
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (C.V.); (W.J.d.J.)
| | - Mohammed Ghiboub
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (C.V.); (W.J.d.J.)
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism (AGEM), 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Caroline Verseijden
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (C.V.); (W.J.d.J.)
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism (AGEM), 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Johannes B. van Goudoever
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children’s Hospital, Dutch National Human Milk Bank, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.B.v.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Anne Schoonderwoerd
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children’s Hospital, Dutch National Human Milk Bank, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.B.v.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Tim G. J. de Meij
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism (AGEM), 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik J. Niemarkt
- Department of Neonatology, Maxima Medical Center, De Run 4600, 5504 DB Veldhoven, The Netherlands;
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University Eindhoven, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Davids
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Antoine Lefèvre
- UMR 1253, iBrain, University of Tours, Inserm, 37044 Tours, France; (A.L.); (P.E.)
| | - Patrick Emond
- UMR 1253, iBrain, University of Tours, Inserm, 37044 Tours, France; (A.L.); (P.E.)
- In Vitro Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Regional University Hospital Center of Tours University, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Joep P. M. Derikx
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Wouter J. de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (C.V.); (W.J.d.J.)
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism (AGEM), 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Bruno Sovran
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (C.V.); (W.J.d.J.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Emma Center for Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Pathak S, Nadar R, Kim S, Liu K, Govindarajulu M, Cook P, Watts Alexander CS, Dhanasekaran M, Moore T. The Influence of Kynurenine Metabolites on Neurodegenerative Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:853. [PMID: 38255925 PMCID: PMC10815839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
As the kynurenine pathway's links to inflammation, the immune system, and neurological disorders became more apparent, it attracted more and more attention. It is the main pathway through which the liver breaks down Tryptophan and the initial step in the creation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in mammals. Immune system activation and the buildup of potentially neurotoxic substances can result from the dysregulation or overactivation of this pathway. Therefore, it is not shocking that kynurenines have been linked to neurological conditions (Depression, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, Huntington's Disease, Schizophrenia, and cognitive deficits) in relation to inflammation. Nevertheless, preclinical research has demonstrated that kynurenines are essential components of the behavioral analogs of depression and schizophrenia-like cognitive deficits in addition to mediators associated with neurological pathologies due to their neuromodulatory qualities. Neurodegenerative diseases have been extensively associated with neuroactive metabolites of the kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan breakdown. In addition to being a necessary amino acid for protein synthesis, Tryptophan is also transformed into the important neurotransmitters tryptamine and serotonin in higher eukaryotes. In this article, a summary of the KP, its function in neurodegeneration, and the approaches being used currently to target the route therapeutically are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhrud Pathak
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Rishi Nadar
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Shannon Kim
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Keyi Liu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Manoj Govindarajulu
- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Preston Cook
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | | | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Timothy Moore
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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4
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Landemaine L, Da Costa G, Fissier E, Francis C, Morand S, Verbeke J, Michel ML, Briandet R, Sokol H, Gueniche A, Bernard D, Chatel JM, Aguilar L, Langella P, Clavaud C, Richard ML. Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from atopic or healthy skin have opposite effect on skin cells: potential implication of the AHR pathway modulation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1098160. [PMID: 37304256 PMCID: PMC10250813 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1098160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Staphylococcus epidermidis is a commensal bacterium ubiquitously present on human skin. This species is considered as a key member of the healthy skin microbiota, involved in the defense against pathogens, modulating the immune system, and involved in wound repair. Simultaneously, S. epidermidis is the second cause of nosocomial infections and an overgrowth of S. epidermidis has been described in skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis. Diverse isolates of S. epidermidis co-exist on the skin. Elucidating the genetic and phenotypic specificities of these species in skin health and disease is key to better understand their role in various skin conditions. Additionally, the exact mechanisms by which commensals interact with host cells is partially understood. We hypothesized that S. epidermidis isolates identified from different skin origins could play distinct roles on skin differentiation and that these effects could be mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway. Methods For this purpose, a library of 12 strains originated from healthy skin (non-hyperseborrheic (NH) and hyperseborrheic (H) skin types) and disease skin (atopic (AD) skin type) was characterized at the genomic and phenotypic levels. Results and discussion Here we showed that strains from atopic lesional skin alter the epidermis structure of a 3D reconstructed skin model whereas strains from NH healthy skin do not. All strains from NH healthy skin induced AhR/OVOL1 path and produced high quantities of indole metabolites in co-culture with NHEK; especially indole-3-aldehyde (IAld) and indole-3-lactic acid (ILA); while AD strains did not induce AhR/OVOL1 path but its inhibitor STAT6 and produced the lowest levels of indoles as compared to the other strains. As a consequence, strains from AD skin altered the differentiation markers FLG and DSG1. The results presented here, on a library of 12 strains, showed that S. epidermidis originated from NH healthy skin and atopic skin have opposite effects on the epidermal cohesion and structure and that these differences could be linked to their capacity to produce metabolites, which in turn could activate AHR pathway. Our results on a specific library of strains provide new insights into how S. epidermidis may interact with the skin to promote health or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Landemaine
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Gregory Da Costa
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Elsa Fissier
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Carine Francis
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | | | | | - Marie-Laure Michel
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Romain Briandet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | | | | | - Jean-Marc Chatel
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Luc Aguilar
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
| | - Cecile Clavaud
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Mathias L. Richard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
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5
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Anderson G. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Pathoetiology and Pathophysiology: Roles of Astrocytes, Gut Microbiome, and Muscle Interactions via the Mitochondrial Melatonergic Pathway, with Disruption by Glyphosate-Based Herbicides. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010587. [PMID: 36614029 PMCID: PMC9820185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathoetiology and pathophysiology of motor neuron loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are still to be determined, with only a small percentage of ALS patients having a known genetic risk factor. The article looks to integrate wider bodies of data on the biological underpinnings of ALS, highlighting the integrative role of alterations in the mitochondrial melatonergic pathways and systemic factors regulating this pathway across a number of crucial hubs in ALS pathophysiology, namely glia, gut, and the muscle/neuromuscular junction. It is proposed that suppression of the mitochondrial melatonergic pathway underpins changes in muscle brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and its melatonergic pathway mimic, N-acetylserotonin, leading to a lack of metabolic trophic support at the neuromuscular junction. The attenuation of the melatonergic pathway in astrocytes prevents activation of toll-like receptor agonists-induced pro-inflammatory transcription factors, NF-kB, and yin yang 1, from having a built-in limitation on inflammatory induction that arises from their synchronized induction of melatonin release. Such maintained astrocyte activation, coupled with heightened microglia reactivity, is an important driver of motor neuron susceptibility in ALS. Two important systemic factors, gut dysbiosis/permeability and pineal melatonin mediate many of their beneficial effects via their capacity to upregulate the mitochondrial melatonergic pathway in central and systemic cells. The mitochondrial melatonergic pathway may be seen as a core aspect of cellular function, with its suppression increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to ROS-induced microRNAs, thereby altering the patterning of genes induced. It is proposed that the increased occupational risk of ALS in farmers, gardeners, and sportsmen and women is intimately linked to exposure, whilst being physically active, to the widely used glyphosate-based herbicides. This has numerous research and treatment implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Anderson
- CRC Scotland & London, Eccleston Square, London SW1V 1PG, UK
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6
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Michaudel C, Danne C, Agus A, Magniez A, Aucouturier A, Spatz M, Lefevre A, Kirchgesner J, Rolhion N, Wang Y, Lavelle A, Galbert C, Da Costa G, Poirier M, Lapière A, Planchais J, Nádvorník P, Illes P, Oeuvray C, Creusot L, Michel ML, Benech N, Bourrier A, Nion-Larmurier I, Landman C, Richard ML, Emond P, Seksik P, Beaugerie L, Arguello RR, Moulin D, Mani S, Dvorák Z, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Langella P, Sokol H. Rewiring the altered tryptophan metabolism as a novel therapeutic strategy in inflammatory bowel diseases. Gut 2022:gutjnl-2022-327337. [PMID: 36270778 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The extent to which tryptophan (Trp) metabolism alterations explain or influence the outcome of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) is still unclear. However, several Trp metabolism end-products are essential to intestinal homeostasis. Here, we investigated the role of metabolites from the kynurenine pathway. DESIGN Targeted quantitative metabolomics was performed in two large human IBD cohorts (1069 patients with IBD). Dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis experiments in mice were used to evaluate effects of identified metabolites. In vitro, ex vivo and in vivo experiments were used to decipher mechanisms involved. Effects on energy metabolism were evaluated by different methods including Single Cell mEtabolism by profiling Translation inHibition. RESULTS In mice and humans, intestinal inflammation severity negatively correlates with the amount of xanthurenic (XANA) and kynurenic (KYNA) acids. Supplementation with XANA or KYNA decreases colitis severity through effects on intestinal epithelial cells and T cells, involving Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) activation and the rewiring of cellular energy metabolism. Furthermore, direct modulation of the endogenous tryptophan metabolism, using the recombinant enzyme aminoadipate aminotransferase (AADAT), responsible for the generation of XANA and KYNA, was protective in rodent colitis models. CONCLUSION Our study identified a new mechanism linking Trp metabolism to intestinal inflammation and IBD. Bringing back XANA and KYNA has protective effects involving AhR and the rewiring of the energy metabolism in intestinal epithelial cells and CD4+ T cells. This study paves the way for new therapeutic strategies aiming at pharmacologically correcting its alterations in IBD by manipulating the endogenous metabolic pathway with AADAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Michaudel
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Camille Danne
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Allison Agus
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Magniez
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Anne Aucouturier
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Madeleine Spatz
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Lefevre
- UMR 1253, iBrain, University of Tours, Inserm, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Julien Kirchgesner
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Gastroenterology department, Saint Antoine Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Rolhion
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Aonghus Lavelle
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Chloé Galbert
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Gregory Da Costa
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Poirier
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Alexia Lapière
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Julien Planchais
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Petr Nádvorník
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Illes
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Cyriane Oeuvray
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Laura Creusot
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Michel
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Benech
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Gastroenterology department, Saint Antoine Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Anne Bourrier
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Gastroenterology department, Saint Antoine Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Nion-Larmurier
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Gastroenterology department, Saint Antoine Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Cecilia Landman
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Gastroenterology department, Saint Antoine Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Mathias L Richard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Emond
- UMR 1253, iBrain, University of Tours, Inserm, 37044 Tours, France.,CHRU Tours, Medical Biology Center, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Seksik
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Gastroenterology department, Saint Antoine Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Beaugerie
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Gastroenterology department, Saint Antoine Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Rafael Rose Arguello
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - David Moulin
- CNRS, IMoPA, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Molecular Pharmacology, Genetics and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Zdenek Dvorák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France .,Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Gastroenterology department, Saint Antoine Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
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7
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Turska M, Paluszkiewicz P, Turski WA, Parada-Turska J. A Review of the Health Benefits of Food Enriched with Kynurenic Acid. Nutrients 2022; 14:4182. [PMID: 36235834 PMCID: PMC9570704 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a metabolite of tryptophan, is an endogenous substance produced intracellularly by various human cells. In addition, KYNA can be synthesized by the gut microbiome and delivered in food. However, its content in food is very low and the total alimentary supply with food accounts for only 1-3% of daily KYNA excretion. The only known exception is chestnut honey, which has a higher KYNA content than other foods by at least two orders of magnitude. KYNA is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; it is not metabolized and is excreted mainly in urine. It possesses well-defined molecular targets, which allows the study and elucidation of KYNA's role in various pathological conditions. Following a period of fascination with KYNA's importance for the central nervous system, research into its role in the peripheral system has been expanding rapidly in recent years, bringing some exciting discoveries. KYNA does not penetrate from the peripheral circulation into the brain; hence, the following review summarizes knowledge on the peripheral consequences of KYNA administration, presents data on KYNA content in food products, in the context of its daily supply in diets, and systematizes the available pharmacokinetic data. Finally, it provides an analysis of the rationale behind enriching foods with KYNA for health-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Turska
- Department of Molecular Biology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Paluszkiewicz
- Department of General, Oncological and Metabolic Surgery, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 02-778 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar A. Turski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Parada-Turska
- Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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8
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Li D, Yu S, Long Y, Shi A, Deng J, Ma Y, Wen J, Li X, Liu S, Zhang Y, Wan J, Li N, Ao R. Tryptophan metabolism: Mechanism-oriented therapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Front Immunol 2022; 13:985378. [PMID: 36159806 PMCID: PMC9496178 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.985378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological and psychiatric disorders are a category of chronic diseases that are widespread and pose serious mental and physical health problems for patients. The substrates, products, and enzymes of Tryptophan metabolism all contribute to the development of neurological and psychiatric disorders. This paper deals with three metabolic pathways of tryptophan that produce a series of metabolites called tryptophan Catabolics (TRYCATs). These metabolites are involved in pathological processes such as excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage and are closely associated with neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and depression. Here, we review the elements that affect how tryptophan metabolism is regulated, including inflammation and stress, exercise, vitamins, minerals, diet and gut microbes, glucocorticoids, and aging, as well as the downstream regulatory effects of tryptophan metabolism, including the regulation of glutamate (Glu), immunity, G-protein coupled receptor 35 (Gpr35), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and dopamine (DA). In order to advance the general understanding of tryptophan metabolism in neurological and psychiatric disorders, this paper also summarizes the current situation and effective drugs of tryptophan metabolism in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders and considers its future research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ai Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Songyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinyan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Ao
- Oncology Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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9
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Presset A, Bodard S, Lefèvre A, Millet A, Oujagir E, Dupuy C, Iazourène T, Bouakaz A, Emond P, Escoffre JM, Nadal-Desbarats L. First Metabolomic Signature of Blood-Brain Barrier Opening Induced by Microbubble-Assisted Ultrasound. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:888318. [PMID: 35795688 PMCID: PMC9251546 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.888318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbubble (MB)-assisted ultrasound (US) is a promising physical method to increase non-invasively, transiently, and precisely the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to therapeutic molecules. Previous preclinical studies established the innocuity of this procedure using complementary analytical strategies including transcriptomics, histology, brain imaging, and behavioral tests. This cross-sectional study using rats aimed to investigate the metabolic processes following acoustically-mediated BBB opening in vivo using multimodal and multimatrices metabolomics approaches. After intravenous injection of MBs, the right striata were exposed to 1-MHz sinusoidal US waves at 0.6 MPa peak negative pressure with a burst length of 10 ms, for 30 s. Then, the striata, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood serum, and urine were collected during sacrifice in three experimental groups at 3 h, 2 days, and 1 week after BBB opening (BBBO) and were compared to a control group where no US was applied. A well-established analytical workflow using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry and non-targeted and targeted high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry were performed on biological tissues and fluids. In our experimental conditions, a reversible BBBO was observed in the striatum without physical damage or a change in rodent weight and behavior. Cerebral, peri-cerebral, and peripheral metabolomes displayed specific and sequential metabolic kinetics. The blood serum metabolome was more impacted in terms of the number of perturbated metabolisms than in the CSF, the striatum, and the urine. In addition, perturbations of arginine and arginine-related metabolisms were detected in all matrices after BBBO, suggesting activation of vasomotor processes and bioenergetic supply. The exploration of the tryptophan metabolism revealed a transient vascular inflammation and a perturbation of serotoninergic neurotransmission in the striatum. For the first time, we characterized the metabolic signature following the acoustically-mediated BBBO within the striatum and its surrounding biological compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Presset
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Sylvie Bodard
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Antoine Lefèvre
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Département Analyses Chimique et Métabolomique, PST Analyses des Systèmes Biologiques, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Anaïs Millet
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Edward Oujagir
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Camille Dupuy
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Tarik Iazourène
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Ayache Bouakaz
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Patrick Emond
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Département Analyses Chimique et Métabolomique, PST Analyses des Systèmes Biologiques, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- CHRU Tours, Serv Med Nucl in Vitro, Tours, France
| | - Jean-Michel Escoffre
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Jean-Michel Escoffre,
| | - Lydie Nadal-Desbarats
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Département Analyses Chimique et Métabolomique, PST Analyses des Systèmes Biologiques, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- *Correspondence: Lydie Nadal-Desbarats,
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