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Peng J, Yuan S, Wei Z, Liu C, Li K, Wei X, Yuan S, Guo Z, Wu L, Feng T, Zhou Y, Li J, Yang Q, Liu X, Wu S, Ren L. Temporal network of experience sampling methodology identifies sleep disturbance as a central symptom in generalized anxiety disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:241. [PMID: 38553683 PMCID: PMC10981297 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05698-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A temporal network of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms could provide valuable understanding of the occurrence and maintenance of GAD. We aim to obtain an exploratory conceptualization of temporal GAD network and identify the central symptom. METHODS A sample of participants (n = 115) with elevated GAD-7 scores (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Questionnaire [GAD-7] ≥ 10) participated in an online daily diary study in which they reported their GAD symptoms based on DSM-5 diagnostic criteria (eight symptoms in total) for 50 consecutive days. We used a multilevel VAR model to obtain the temporal network. RESULTS In temporal network, a lot of lagged relationships exist among GAD symptoms and these lagged relationships are all positive. All symptoms have autocorrelations and there are also some interesting feedback loops in temporal network. Sleep disturbance has the highest Out-strength centrality. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates how GAD symptoms interact with each other and strengthen themselves over time, and particularly highlights the relationships between sleep disturbance and other GAD symptoms. Sleep disturbance may play an important role in the dynamic development and maintenance process of GAD. The present study may develop the knowledge of the theoretical model, diagnosis, prevention and intervention of GAD from a temporal symptoms network perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Peng
- Mental Health Education Center, Chengdu University, 610106, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- University of Amsterdam, 1018WB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zihan Wei
- Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Brain Park, School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, 3800, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kuiliang Li
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyi Wei
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, 100000, Beijing, China
| | - Shangqing Yuan
- School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, 100089, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihua Guo
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Tingwei Feng
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Military Psychology Section, Logistics University of PAP, 300309, Tianjin, China
- Military Mental Health Services & Research Center, 300309, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Military Psychology Section, Logistics University of PAP, 300309, Tianjin, China
- Military Mental Health Services & Research Center, 300309, Tianjin, China
| | - Qun Yang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Xufeng Liu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengjun Wu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lei Ren
- Military Psychology Section, Logistics University of PAP, 300309, Tianjin, China.
- Military Mental Health Services & Research Center, 300309, Tianjin, China.
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Ma H, Zhao M, Liu Y, Wei P. Network analysis of depression and anxiety symptoms and their associations with life satisfaction among Chinese hypertensive older adults: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1370359. [PMID: 38562253 PMCID: PMC10983850 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1370359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases among the older adult population in China and older adults with hypertension are more susceptible to mental health problems. This study aimed to explore the network structure of depression and anxiety, and their association with life satisfaction (LS) in older adults with hypertension. Methods A total of 4,993 hypertensive individuals aged 60 and above were selected from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS 2017-2018). The design of the CLHLS study was approved by the Campus Institutional Review Board of Duke University (Pro00062871) and the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Peking University (IRB00001052-13,074). The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10 (CESD-10) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) were used to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms. Central and bridge symptoms were identified via "Expected Influence" and "Bridge Expected Influence", respectively. Network stability was assessed using the case-dropping bootstrap technique. Results Network analysis identified CESD3 (Feeling blue/depressed), GAD4 (Trouble relaxing), and GAD2 (Uncontrollable worry) as the most influential central symptoms in the network of depression and anxiety. Concurrently, GAD1 (Nervousness or anxiety), CESD10 (Sleep disturbances), and CESD1 (Feeling bothered) stand as critical bridge symptoms between depression and anxiety disorders. Moreover, CESD7 (Lack of happiness) exhibited the strongest negative correlation with LS in Chinese hypertensive older adults. Conclusion This exploratory study represents the first investigation to examine the mutual relationship between depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese hypertensive older adults. Interventions addressing targeting bridge symptoms have the potential to alleviate depressive and anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, improving happiness, hope, and sleep quality in this population may mitigate the adverse effects of depression and anxiety on LS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pingmin Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Donoso-San Martín R, Leiva A, Dragicevic CD, Medel V, Delano PH. The corticofugal oscillatory modulation of the cochlear receptor during auditory and visual attention is preserved in tinnitus. Front Neural Circuits 2024; 17:1301962. [PMID: 38239605 PMCID: PMC10794612 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1301962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The mechanisms underlying tinnitus perception are still under research. One of the proposed hypotheses involves an alteration in top-down processing of auditory activity. Low-frequency oscillations in the delta and theta bands have been recently described in brain and cochlear infrasonic signals during selective attention paradigms in normal hearing controls. Here, we propose that the top-down oscillatory activity observed in brain and cochlear signals during auditory and visual selective attention in normal subjects, is altered in tinnitus patients, reflecting an abnormal functioning of the corticofugal pathways that connect brain circuits with the cochlear receptor. Methods To test this hypothesis, we used a behavioral task that alternates between auditory and visual top-down attention while we simultaneously measured electroencephalogram (EEG) and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) signals in 14 tinnitus and 14 control subjects. Results We found oscillatory activity in the delta and theta bands in cortical and cochlear channels in control and tinnitus patients. There were significant decreases in the DPOAE oscillatory amplitude during the visual attention period as compared to the auditory attention period in tinnitus and control groups. We did not find significant differences when using a between-subjects statistical approach comparing tinnitus and control groups. On the other hand, we found a significant cluster in the delta band in tinnitus when using within-group statistics to compare the difference between auditory and visual DPOAE oscillatory power. Conclusion These results confirm the presence of top-down infrasonic low-frequency cochlear oscillatory activity in the delta and theta bands in tinnitus patients, showing that the corticofugal suppression of cochlear oscillations during visual and auditory attention in tinnitus patients is preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Donoso-San Martín
- Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis Leiva
- Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Constantino D. Dragicevic
- Departamento de Fonoaudiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vicente Medel
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paul H. Delano
- Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Avanzado de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica, Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronic Engineering (AC3E), Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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MacDonald C, Caimino C, Burns-O’Connell G, Hartley D, Lockwood J, Sereda M, Whitmer W, Cima R, Turton L, Hoare DJ. Tinnitus, Suicide, and Suicidal Ideation: A Scoping Review of Primary Research. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1496. [PMID: 37891863 PMCID: PMC10605905 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus (the perception of sound in the absence of any corresponding external source) is highly prevalent and can be distressing. There are unanswered questions about how tinnitus, suicidal thoughts, and suicidal behaviours co-occur and interact. To establish the extent of scientific literature, this scoping review catalogued primary reports addressing the associations between tinnitus, suicidal ideation, attempted suicide, and death by suicide. We searched OvidSP, Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Google Scholar, EThoS, and ProQuest for all studies and case reports on ideation and/or attempted and/or completed suicide in the context of tinnitus. Twenty-three studies were included, and data were charted according to study type. Several epidemiological and other observational studies gave evidence of risk factors and an association between suicidal ideation, suicidal behaviour, and tinnitus. However, there was no evidence of the direction of causality. Qualitative studies are indicated to explore the patient's experience and understand the dynamics of any interaction between tinnitus and suicidal thoughts and behaviours. A theory-informed model of tinnitus and suicide needs to be developed to inform the development of interventions and how tinnitus patients are supported clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol MacDonald
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK (D.J.H.)
- Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | | | | | - Douglas Hartley
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK (D.J.H.)
- Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Joanna Lockwood
- NIHR MindTech MedTech Co-Operative, Institute of Mental Health, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK;
| | - Magdalena Sereda
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK (D.J.H.)
- Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - William Whitmer
- Hearing Sciences: Scottish Section, Glasgow, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK;
| | - Rilana Cima
- Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven University, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Tinnitus Center of Expertise, Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology, Adelante, 6432 CC Hoensbroek, The Netherlands
- Experimental Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Derek J. Hoare
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG1 5DU, UK (D.J.H.)
- Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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Qi X, Xu W, Li G. Neuroimaging Study of Brain Functional Differences in Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Depressive Disorder. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1282. [PMID: 37759883 PMCID: PMC10526432 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and depressive disorder (DD) are distinct mental disorders, which are characterized by complex and unique neuroelectrophysiological mechanisms in psychiatric neurosciences. The understanding of the brain functional differences between GAD and DD is crucial for the accurate diagnosis and clinical efficacy evaluation. The aim of this study was to reveal the differences in functional brain imaging between GAD and DD based on multidimensional electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics. To this end, 10 min resting-state EEG signals were recorded from 38 GAD and 34 DD individuals. Multidimensional EEG features were subsequently extracted, which include power spectrum density (PSD), fuzzy entropy (FE), and phase lag index (PLI). Then, a direct statistical analysis (i.e., ANOVA) and three ensemble learning models (i.e., Random Forest (RF), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)) were used on these EEG features for the differential recognitions. Our results showed that DD has significantly higher PSD values in the alpha1 and beta band, and a higher FE in the beta band, in comparison with GAD, along with the aberrant functional connections in all four bands between GAD and DD. Moreover, machine learning analysis further revealed that the distinct features predominantly occurred in the beta band and functional connections. Here, we show that DD has higher power and more complex brain activity patterns in the beta band and reorganized brain functional network structures in all bands compared to GAD. In sum, these findings move towards the practical identification of brain functional differences between GAD and DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchen Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Wanxiu Xu
- College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China;
| | - Gang Li
- College of Mathematical Medicine, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
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Bhatt IS, Washnik NJ, Kingsbury S, Deshpande AK, Kingsbury H, Bhagavan SG, Michel K, Dias R, Torkamani A. Identifying Health-Related Conditions Associated with Tinnitus in Young Adults. Audiol Res 2023; 13:546-562. [PMID: 37489384 PMCID: PMC10366783 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the epidemic of tinnitus in college-aged young adults. Our first objective was to identify health conditions associated with tinnitus in young adults. The second objective was to evaluate the predictive utility of some known risk factors. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional design was used to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for tinnitus. SETTING A questionnaire was distributed, reaching out to a large college-aged population. A total of 2258 young adults aged 18-30 years were recruited from April 2021 to February 2022. INTERVENTIONS A questionnaire was administered to investigate the epidemiology of tinnitus in a population of college-aged young adults. RESULTS About 17.7% of young adults reported bothersome tinnitus perception lasting for ≥5 min in the last 12 months. The prevalence of chronic tinnitus (bothersome tinnitus for ≥1 year) and acute tinnitus (bothersome tinnitus for <1 year) was 10.6% and 7.1%, respectively. About 19% of the study sample reported at least one health condition. Individuals reporting head injury, hypertension, heart disease, scarlet fever, and malaria showed significantly higher odds of reporting chronic tinnitus. Meningitis and self-reported hearing loss showed significant associations with bothersome tinnitus. The prevalence of chronic tinnitus was significantly higher in males reporting high noise exposure, a positive history of reoccurring ear infections, European ethnic background, and a positive health history. Risk modeling showed that noise exposure was the most important risk factor for chronic tinnitus, followed by sex, reoccurring ear infections, and a history of any health condition. A positive history of COVID-19 and self-reported severity showed no association with tinnitus. Individuals reporting reoccurring ear infections showed a significantly higher prevalence of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS While young adults with health conditions are at a higher risk of reporting tinnitus, the predictive utility of a positive health history remains relatively low, possibly due to weak associations between health conditions and tinnitus. Noise, male sex, reoccurring ear infections, European ethnicity, and a positive health history revealed higher odds of reporting chronic tinnitus than their counterparts. These risk factors collectively explained about 16% variability in chronic tinnitus, which highlights the need for identifying other risk factors for chronic tinnitus in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishan Sunilkumar Bhatt
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Nilesh J Washnik
- Department of Hearing Speech and Language Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Sarah Kingsbury
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Aniruddha K Deshpande
- Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Hailey Kingsbury
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Srividya Grama Bhagavan
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Klayre Michel
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Raquel Dias
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Ali Torkamani
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Science Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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