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Landreth K, Burgess M, Watson L, Lorusso JM, Grayson B, Harte MK, Neill JC. Handling prevents and reverses cognitive deficits induced by sub-chronic phencyclidine in a model for schizophrenia in rats. Physiol Behav 2023; 263:114117. [PMID: 36781093 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Treatments for schizophrenia are not effective in ameliorating cognitive deficits. Therefore, novel therapies are needed to treat cognitive impairments associated with schizophrenia (CIAS), which are modelled in rats through administration of sub-chronic phencyclidine (scPCP). We have previously shown that enrichment via voluntary exercise prevents and reverses impairments in novel object recognition (NOR) in this model. The present study aimed to investigate if handling could prevent delay-induced NOR deficits and prevent and reverse scPCP-induced NOR deficits. Two cohorts of adult female Lister Hooded rats were used. In experiment one, handling (five minutes/day, five days/week for two weeks), took place before scPCP administration (2 mg/kg, i.p. twice-daily for seven days). NOR tests were conducted at two, four, and seven weeks post-handling with a one-minute inter-trial interval (ITI) and at five weeks post-dosing with a six-hour ITI. In experiment two, rats were handled after scPCP administration and tested immediately in the one-minute ITI NOR task and again at two weeks post-handling. In both handling regimens, the scPCP control groups failed to discriminate novelty, conversely the scPCP handled groups significantly discriminated in this task. In the 6 h ITI test, vehicle control and scPCP control failed to discriminate novelty; however, the vehicle handled and scPCP handled groups did significantly discriminate. Handling rats prevented and reversed scPCP-induced deficits and prevented delay-induced NOR deficits. These findings add to evidence that environmental enrichment is a viable treatment for cognitive deficits in rodent tests and models of relevance to schizophrenia, with potential to translate into effective treatments for CIAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Landreth
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - M Burgess
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - L Watson
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - J M Lorusso
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - B Grayson
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| | - M K Harte
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - J C Neill
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom; Medical Psychedelics Working Group, Drug Science, United Kingdom
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2
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Stevens KL, Teich CD, Longenecker JM, Sponheim SR. Relational memory function in schizophrenia: Electrophysiological evidence for early perceptual and late associative abnormalities. Schizophr Res 2023; 254:99-108. [PMID: 36821940 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
We used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine encoding and retrieval during episodic memory in people with schizophrenia (SZ) and biological relatives of SZ (SZr). To isolate contextual from item-specific aspects of memory, we employed the Relational and Item-Specific Encoding (RISE) task. Twenty two healthy controls (HCs), 22 SZ, and 19 SZr, encoded visual depictions of objects when displayed alone (item-specific) or in pairs (relational encoding), and were later tested on recognition of specific objects and whether pairs of objects had appeared together. An early posterior component (P2) during encoding predicted later recognition and was diminished in SZ. A late negative potential (LNP) over left frontal brain regions during recognition was larger for relationally encoded objects than new and item-specific encoded objects in HCs. This pattern was absent for SZ and SZr. Smaller P2 and LNP components were associated with greater self-reported cognitive-perceptual abnormalities. Early posterior brain responses likely relevant to perceptual functions supporting memory formation were diminished in schizophrenia. Late frontal electrophysiological responses associated with relational aspects of memory appear diminished in SZ and SZr, potentially reflecting the influence of genetic liability for schizophrenia on brain functions supporting episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara L Stevens
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, United States of America; University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, United States of America
| | - Collin D Teich
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, United States of America; University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, United States of America
| | - Julia M Longenecker
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Center, United States of America; University of Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Scott R Sponheim
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, United States of America; University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, United States of America.
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3
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Ibi D, Nakasai G, Koide N, Sawahata M, Kohno T, Takaba R, Nagai T, Hattori M, Nabeshima T, Yamada K, Hiramatsu M. Reelin Supplementation Into the Hippocampus Rescues Abnormal Behavior in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:285. [PMID: 32982694 PMCID: PMC7492784 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the majority of schizophrenia patients, chronic atypical antipsychotic administration produces a significant reduction in or even complete remission of psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. However, these drugs are not effective in improving cognitive and emotional deficits in patients with schizophrenia. Atypical antipsychotic drugs have a high affinity for the dopamine D2 receptor, and a modest affinity for the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. The cognitive and emotional deficits in schizophrenia are thought to involve neural networks beyond the classical dopaminergic mesolimbic pathway, however, including serotonergic systems. For example, mutations in the RELN gene, which encodes Reelin, an extracellular matrix protein involved in neural development and synaptic plasticity, are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. Furthermore, hippocampal Reelin levels are down-regulated in the brains of both schizophrenic patients and in rodent models of schizophrenia. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Reelin microinjection into the mouse hippocampus on behavioral phenotypes to evaluate the role of Reelin in neurodevelopmental disorders and to test a therapeutic approach that extends beyond classical monoamine targets. To model the cognitive and emotional deficits, as well as histological decreases in Reelin-positive cell numbers and hippocampal synaptoporin distribution, a synaptic vesicle protein, offspring that were prenatally exposed to maternal immune activation were used. Microinjections of recombinant Reelin protein into the hippocampus rescued impairments in object memory and anxiety-like behavior and recruited synaptoporin in the hippocampus in offspring exposed to antenatal inflammation. These results suggest that Reelin supplementation has the potential to treat cognitive and emotional impairments, as well as synaptic disturbances, in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ibi
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Genki Nakasai
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nayu Koide
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahito Sawahata
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takao Kohno
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rika Takaba
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taku Nagai
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Project Office for Neuropsychological Research Center, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Hattori
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Yamada
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hiramatsu
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
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4
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Mitsadali I, Grayson B, Idris NF, Watson L, Burgess M, Neill J. Aerobic exercise improves memory and prevents cognitive deficits of relevance to schizophrenia in an animal model. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:695-708. [PMID: 32431225 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120922963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) greatly reduces patients' functionality, and remains an unmet clinical need. The sub-chronic phencyclidine (scPCP) rat model is commonly employed in studying CIAS. We have previously shown that voluntary exercise reverses impairments in novel object recognition (NOR) induced by scPCP. However, there has not been a longitudinal study investigating the potential protective effects of exercise in a model of CIAS. This study aimed to investigate the pro-cognitive and protective effects of exercise on CIAS using the translational NOR and attentional set-shifting tasks (ASST). METHODS Female Lister Hooded rats were either exercised (wheel running for one hour per day, five days per week, for six weeks; n=20) or not (n=20) and then tested in a natural-forgetting NOR test. Rats in each group were then administered either PCP (2 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.)) or saline solution (1 mL/kg i.p.) for seven days, followed by seven days washout. Three NOR tests were conducted immediately and two and nine weeks after washout, and a natural-forgetting NOR test was carried out again eight weeks post washout. Rats were trained and tested in ASST from week 6 to week 10 post washout. RESULTS Non-exercised rats displayed a deficit in both of the natural-forgetting NOR tests, whereas exercised rats did not. The scPCP exercise group did not show the expected deficit in NOR at any time point, and had a significantly ameliorated deficit in the ASST compared to the scPCP control group. CONCLUSION Voluntary exercise has long-lasting pro-cognitive and protective effects in two cognitive domains. Exercise improves cognition and could provide protection against CIAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idil Mitsadali
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ben Grayson
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nagi F Idris
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Linzi Watson
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Matthew Burgess
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Joanna Neill
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Kozak K, Lowe DJE, George TP. Effects of Tobacco Smoking Status on Verbal Learning and Memory in Patients With Schizophrenia and Non-Psychiatric Controls. Am J Addict 2019; 28:503-511. [PMID: 31291035 DOI: 10.1111/ajad.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Patients with schizophrenia have higher rates of tobacco smoking compared to the general population. Moreover, these patients have deficits in cognition, including verbal learning and memory. However, it is not clear whether smoking status alters verbal learning and memory in schizophrenia. We examined the effects of smoking abstinence and reinstatement on verbal learning and memory in people with schizophrenia and nonpsychiatric controls and other cognitive domains as exploratory. METHODS Smoking participants (N = 28; 14 schizophrenia smokers; 14 nonpsychiatric smokers) were studied under smoking satiated, overnight abstinence and smoking reinstatement conditions. Nonsmokers ( n = 30; 15 schizophrenia nonsmokers; 15 nonpsychiatric nonsmokers) were also studied. A comprehensive cognitive battery was administered including verbal learning and memory using the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R). RESULTS A 2 (diagnosis) × 2 (smoking status) repeated measures analysis of variance with time (session) as the within-subjects factor and diagnosis and smoking status as the between-subject factors was performed for HVLT-R and other cognitive outcomes. Smoking abstinence produced a decline in verbal memory of the HVLT discrimination index in smokers with schizophrenia that was partially revised by reinstatement, although trends for other HVLT measures were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE Acute cigarette smoking and abstinence may selectively alter verbal learning and memory deficits in smokers with schizophrenia compared to nonpsychiatric smoking controls and nonsmokers, but additional studies are needed to confirm the preliminary findings in this small sample. (Am J Addict 2019;00:1-9).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kozak
- Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Darby J E Lowe
- Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Tony P George
- Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Division of Brain and Therapeutics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
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6
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Babic I, Gorak A, Engel M, Sellers D, Else P, Osborne AL, Pai N, Huang XF, Nealon J, Weston-Green K. Liraglutide prevents metabolic side-effects and improves recognition and working memory during antipsychotic treatment in rats. J Psychopharmacol 2018; 32:578-590. [PMID: 29493378 DOI: 10.1177/0269881118756061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antipsychotic drugs (APDs), olanzapine and clozapine, do not effectively address the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia and can cause serious metabolic side-effects. Liraglutide is a synthetic glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist with anti-obesity and neuroprotective properties. The aim of this study was to examine whether liraglutide prevents weight gain/hyperglycaemia side-effects and cognitive deficits when co-administered from the commencement of olanzapine and clozapine treatment. METHODS Rats were administered olanzapine (2 mg/kg, three times daily (t.i.d.)), clozapine (12 mg/kg, t.i.d.), liraglutide (0.2 mg/kg, twice daily (b.i.d.)), olanzapine + liraglutide co-treatment, clozapine + liraglutide co-treatment or vehicle (Control) ( n = 12/group, 6 weeks). Recognition and working memory were examined using Novel Object Recognition (NOR) and T-Maze tests. Body weight, food intake, adiposity, locomotor activity and glucose tolerance were examined. RESULTS Liraglutide co-treatment prevented olanzapine- and clozapine-induced reductions in the NOR test discrimination ratio ( p < 0.001). Olanzapine, but not clozapine, reduced correct entries in the T-Maze test ( p < 0.05 versus Control) while liraglutide prevented this deficit. Liraglutide reduced olanzapine-induced weight gain and adiposity. Olanzapine significantly decreased voluntary locomotor activity and liraglutide co-treatment partially reversed this effect. Liraglutide improved clozapine-induced glucose intolerance. CONCLUSION Liraglutide co-treatment improved aspects of cognition, prevented obesity side-effects of olanzapine, and the hyperglycaemia caused by clozapine, when administered from the start of APD treatment. The results demonstrate a potential treatment for individuals at a high risk of experiencing adverse effects of APDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilijana Babic
- 1 Centre for Medical and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,2 Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,3 Illawarra and Shoalhaven Local Health District, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,4 School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashleigh Gorak
- 2 Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,4 School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Martin Engel
- 1 Centre for Medical and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,2 Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Dominic Sellers
- 2 Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,4 School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Else
- 2 Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,4 School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashleigh L Osborne
- 1 Centre for Medical and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,3 Illawarra and Shoalhaven Local Health District, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,4 School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Nagesh Pai
- 2 Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,3 Illawarra and Shoalhaven Local Health District, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,4 School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- 1 Centre for Medical and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,2 Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,4 School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Nealon
- 2 Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,4 School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Katrina Weston-Green
- 1 Centre for Medical and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,2 Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,4 School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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7
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Hill MD, Fang H, King HD, Iwuagwu CI, McDonald IM, Cook J, Zusi FC, Mate RA, Knox RJ, Post-Munson D, Easton A, Miller R, Lentz K, Clarke W, Benitex Y, Lodge N, Zaczek R, Denton R, Morgan D, Bristow L, Macor JE, Olson R. Development of 4-Heteroarylamino-1'-azaspiro[oxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes] as α7 Nicotinic Receptor Agonists. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:133-137. [PMID: 28105289 PMCID: PMC5238485 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the synthesis of quinuclidine-containing spiroimidates and their utility as α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) partial agonists. A convergent synthetic route allowed for rapid SAR investigation and provided a diverse set of fused 6,5-heteroaryl analogs. Two potent and selective α7 nAChR partial agonists, (1'S,3'R,4'S)-N-(7-bromopyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-1'-azaspiro[oxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-2-amine (20) and (1'S,3'R,4'S)-N-(7-chloropyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4-yl)-4H-1'-azaspiro[oxazole-5,3'-bicyclo[2.2.2]octan]-2-amine (21), were identified. Both agonists improved cognition in a preclinical rodent model of learning and memory. Additionally, 5-HT3A receptor SAR suggested the presence of a steric site that when engaged led to significant loss of affinity at that receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Hill
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Haiquan Fang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - H. Dalton King
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Christiana I. Iwuagwu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Ivar M. McDonald
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - James Cook
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - F. Christopher Zusi
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Robert A. Mate
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Ronald J. Knox
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Debra Post-Munson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Amy Easton
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Regina Miller
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Kimberley Lentz
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Wendy Clarke
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Yulia Benitex
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Nicholas Lodge
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Robert Zaczek
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Rex Denton
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Daniel Morgan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Linda Bristow
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - John E. Macor
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Richard Olson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research
and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
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8
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Hill MD, Fang H, Brown JM, Molski T, Easton A, Han X, Miller R, Hill-Drzewi M, Gallagher L, Matchett M, Gulianello M, Balakrishnan A, Bertekap RL, Santone KS, Whiterock VJ, Zhuo X, Bronson JJ, Macor JE, Degnan AP. Development of 1 H-Pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridines as Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Positive Allosteric Modulators. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:1082-1086. [PMID: 27994742 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is an attractive target for the treatment of schizophrenia due to its role in regulating glutamatergic signaling in association with the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). We describe the synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines and their utility as mGluR5 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) without inherent agonist activity. A facile and convergent synthetic route provided access to a structurally diverse set of analogues that contain neither the aryl-acetylene-aryl nor aryl-methyleneoxy-aryl elements, the predominant structural motifs described in the literature. Binding studies suggest that members of our new chemotype do not engage the receptor at the MPEP and CPPHA mGluR5 allosteric sites. SAR studies culminated in the first non-MPEP site PAM, 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 31 (BMT-145027), to improve cognition in a preclinical rodent model of learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Hill
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Haiquan Fang
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Jeffrey M. Brown
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Thaddeus Molski
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Amy Easton
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Xiaojun Han
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Regina Miller
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Melissa Hill-Drzewi
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Lizbeth Gallagher
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Michele Matchett
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Michael Gulianello
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Anand Balakrishnan
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Robert L. Bertekap
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Kenneth S. Santone
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Valerie J. Whiterock
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Xiaoliang Zhuo
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Joanne J. Bronson
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - John E. Macor
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
| | - Andrew P. Degnan
- Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, United States
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