1
|
Li Y, Zhang C, Fu T, Wang XQ, Tan W. Polyfluoroalkyl Tag Decoration Enables Significantly Enhanced Tumor Penetration Ability of a PTK7 Targeting Aptamer. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:674-681. [PMID: 38695582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Aptamers are widely used molecular recognition tools in targeted therapy, but their ability to effectively penetrate deep into solid tumors remains a significant challenge, leading to suboptimal treatment efficacy. Here, we developed a polyfluoroalkyl (PFA) decoration strategy to enhance aptamer recognition, cell internalization, and solid tumor penetration. Our results indicate that PFA with around 11 fluorine atoms significantly improves aptamer internalization both in vitro and in vivo settings. However, we also observed that the use of PFA tags containing 19 and 23 fluorine atoms on aptamers resulted in nonspecific cell anchoring in control cell lines, affecting the specificity of aptamers. Overall, we found that using a chemical modification strategy could enhance the deep tumor penetration ability of aptamers and validate their effectiveness in vivo. This approach has significant practical applications in targeted drug delivery for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Li
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Ting Fu
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Tam WW, Yu Y, Zhuo Z, Xue Z, Tsang C, Qiao X, Wang X, Wang W, Li Y, Tu Y, Gao Y. The application of Aptamer in biomarker discovery. Biomark Res 2023; 11:70. [PMID: 37468977 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are detectable molecules that can reflect specific physiological states of cells, organs, and organisms and therefore be regarded as indicators for specific diseases. And the discovery of biomarkers plays an essential role in cancer management from the initial diagnosis to the final treatment regime. Practically, reliable clinical biomarkers are still limited, restricted by the suboptimal methods in biomarker discovery. Nucleic acid aptamers nowadays could be used as a powerful tool in the discovery of protein biomarkers. Nucleic acid aptamers are single-strand oligonucleotides that can specifically bind to various targets with high affinity. As artificial ssDNA or RNA, aptamers possess unique advantages compared to conventional antibodies. They can be flexible in design, low immunogenicity, relative chemical/thermos stability, as well as modifying convenience. Several SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) based methods have been generated recently to construct aptamers for discovering new biomarkers in different cell locations. Secretome SELEX-based aptamers selection can facilitate the identification of secreted protein biomarkers. The aptamers developed by cell-SELEX can be used to unveil those biomarkers presented on the cell surface. The aptamers from tissue-SELEX could target intracellular biomarkers. And as a multiplexed protein biomarker detection technology, aptamer-based SOMAScan can analyze thousands of proteins in a single run. In this review, we will introduce the principle and workflow of variations of SELEX-based methods, including secretome SELEX, ADAPT, Cell-SELEX and tissue SELEX. Another powerful proteome analyzing tool, SOMAScan, will also be covered. In the second half of this review, how these methods accelerate biomarker discovery in various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongshu Li
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China.
- Shenzhen Institute for Technology Innovation, National Institute of Metrology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Winnie Wailing Tam
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases (TMBJ), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases (TMBJ), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhenjian Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhichao Xue
- Shenzhen Institute for Technology Innovation, National Institute of Metrology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chiman Tsang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoting Qiao
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaokang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weijing Wang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yongyi Li
- Laboratory Animal Center, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yanyang Tu
- Research Center, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou City, China.
| | - Yunhua Gao
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China.
- Shenzhen Institute for Technology Innovation, National Institute of Metrology, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu X, Hou Y, Qin Y, Cheng J, Hou J, Wu Q, Liu Z. Selection of a Novel DNA Aptamer Specific for 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Using Capture-SELEX. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050564. [PMID: 37232925 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A capture systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (Capture-SELEX) was described to discover novel aptamers specific for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and a biosensor based on molecular beacon was constructed to detect 5-HMF. The ssDNA library was immobilized to streptavidin (SA) resin to select the specific aptamer. The selection progress was monitored using real-time quantitative PCR (Q-PCR), and the enriched library was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). Candidate and mutant aptamers were selected and identified by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC). The FAM-aptamer and BHQ1-cDNA were designed as the quenching biosensor to detect 5-HMF in milk matrix. After the 18th round selection, the Ct value decreased from 9.09 to 8.79, indicating that the library was enriched. The HTS results indicated that the total sequence numbers for 9th, 13th, 16th, and 18th were 417054, 407987, 307666, and 259867, but the number of sequences for the top 300 sequences was gradually increased from 9th to 18th, and the ClustalX2 analysis showed that there were four families with high homology rate. ITC results indicated that the Kd values of H1 and its mutants H1-8, H1-12, H1-14, and H1-21 were 2.5 μM, 1.8 μM, 1.2 μM, 6.5 μM, and 4.7 μM. The linear range of the quenching biosensor was from 0 μM to 75 μM, and it had a similar linear range in the 0.1% milk matrix. This is the first report to select a novel aptamer specific for 5-HMF and develop quenching biosensor for the rapid detection of 5-HMF in milk matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xixia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Yingyu Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Yanlin Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Jiaxin Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Jianjun Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Zhenmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang XJ, Zhao Z, Wang X, Su MH, Ai L, Li Y, Yuan Q, Wang XQ, Tan W. A versatile strategy for convenient circular bivalent functional nucleic acids construction. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwac107. [PMID: 36960313 PMCID: PMC10029841 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional nucleic acids (FNAs), such as aptamers, nucleic acid enzymes and riboswitches play essential roles in various fields of life sciences. Tailoring of ingenious chemical moieties toward FNAs can enhance their biomedical properties and/or confer them with exogenic biological functions that, in turn, can considerably expand their biomedical applications, or even improve their clinical translations. Herein, we report the first example of a general chemical tailoring strategy that enables the divergent ligation of DNA sequences. By applying this technology, different types of aptamers and single-stranded nucleic acids of various lengths could be efficiently tailored to deliver the designed circular bivalent aptamers (CBApts) and cyclized DNA sequences with high yields. It is worth noting that CBApts exhibited significantly enhanced nuclease resistance, as well as considerably improved binding, targeting and tumor tissue enrichment abilities, which may pave the way for different investigations for biomedical purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Min-Hui Su
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lili Ai
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | | | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yin X, He Z, Ge W, Zhao Z. Application of aptamer functionalized nanomaterials in targeting therapeutics of typical tumors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1092901. [PMID: 36873354 PMCID: PMC9978196 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1092901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of human death all over the world. Traditional cancer treatments include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy. Although these conventional treatment methods improve the overall survival rate, there are some problems, such as easy recurrence, poor treatment, and great side effects. Targeted therapy of tumors is a hot research topic at present. Nanomaterials are essential carriers of targeted drug delivery, and nucleic acid aptamers have become one of the most important targets for targeted tumor therapy because of their high stability, high affinity, and high selectivity. At present, aptamer-functionalized nanomaterials (AFNs), which combine the unique selective recognition characteristics of aptamers with the high-loading performance of nanomaterials, have been widely studied in the field of targeted tumor therapy. Based on the reported application of AFNs in the biomedical field, we introduce the characteristics of aptamer and nanomaterials, and the advantages of AFNs first. Then introduce the conventional treatment methods for glioma, oral cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer, and the application of AFNs in targeted therapy of these tumors. Finally, we discuss the progress and challenges of AFNs in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Yin
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging of Tumor and Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment of Shaoxing City, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhenqiang He
- Clinical Medical College of Hebei University, Baoding, China.,Department of Radiology, Hebei University Affiliated Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Weiying Ge
- Department of Radiology, Hebei University Affiliated Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging of Tumor and Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment of Shaoxing City, Shaoxing, China.,Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu M, Wang Z, Li S, Deng Y, He N. Identification of PHB2 as a Potential Biomarker of Luminal A Breast Cancer Cells Using a Cell-Specific Aptamer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:51593-51601. [PMID: 36346944 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Precise diagnosis of breast cancer molecular subtypes remains a great challenge in clinics. The present molecular biomarkers are not specific enough to classify breast cancer subtypes precisely, which requests for more accurate and specific molecular biomarkers to be discovered. Aptamers evolved by the cell-systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) method show great potential in the discovery and identification of cell membrane targets via aptamer-based cell membrane protein pull-down, which has been regarded as a novel and powerful weapon for the discovery and identification of new molecular biomarkers. Herein, a cell membrane protein PHB2 was identified as a potential molecular biomarker specifically expressed in the cell membranes of MCF-7 breast cancer cells using a DNA aptamer MF3Ec. Further experiments demonstrated that the PHB2 protein is differentially expressed in the cell membranes of MCF-7, SK-BR-3, and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and MCF-10A cells, and the binding molecular domains of aptamer MF3Ec and anti-PHB2 antibodies to the PHB2 protein are different due to there being no obvious competitions between aptamer MF3Ec and anti-PHB2 antibodies in the binding to the cell membranes of target MCF-7 cells. Due to those four cells belonging to luminal A, HER2-positive, and triple-negative breast cancer cell subtypes and human normal mammary epithelial cells, respectively, the PHB2 protein in the cell membrane may be a potential biomarker for precise diagnosis of the luminal A breast cancer cell subtype, which is endowed with the ability to differentiate the luminal A breast cancer cell subtype from HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer cell subtypes and human normal mammary epithelial cells, providing a new molecular biomarker and therapeutic target for the accurate and precise classification and diagnostics and personalized therapy of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education (Southeast University), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210042, P. R. China
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, P. R. China
| | - Zhifei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Song Li
- Economical Forest Cultivation and Utilization of 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center in Hunan Province, Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, P. R. China
| | - Yan Deng
- Economical Forest Cultivation and Utilization of 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center in Hunan Province, Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, P. R. China
| | - Nongyue He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education (Southeast University), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
- Economical Forest Cultivation and Utilization of 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center in Hunan Province, Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qu Y, Shen F, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Huang H, Xu Y, Li Q, Zhu X, Sun L. Applications of Functional DNA Materials in Immunomodulatory Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:45079-45095. [PMID: 36171537 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, nanoscale or microscale functional materials derived from DNA have shown great potential for immunotherapy as superior delivery carriers. DNA nanostructures with excellent programmability and addressability enable the precise assembly of molecules or nanoparticles. DNA hydrogels have predictable structures and adjustable mechanical strength, thus being advantageous in controllable release of cargos. In addition, utilizing systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment technology, a variety of DNA aptamers have been screened for specific recognition of ions, molecules, and even cells. Moreover, a wide variety of chemical modifications can further enrich the function of DNA. The unique advantages of functional DNA materials make them extremely attractive in immunomodulation. Recently, functional DNA materials-based immunotherapy has shown great potential in fighting against many diseases like cancer, viral infection, and inflammation. Therefore, in this review, we focus on discussing the progress of the applications of functional DNA materials in immunotherapy; before that, we also summarize the characteristics of the functional DNA materials descried above. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future opportunities of functional DNA materials in immunomodulatory therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Fengyun Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yufei Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lele Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li R, Wu X, Li J, Lu X, Zhao RC, Liu J, Ding B. A covalently conjugated branched DNA aptamer cluster-based nanoplatform for efficiently targeted drug delivery. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:9369-9378. [PMID: 35726974 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01252a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs is essential for precise treatment of various diseases to reduce possible serious side-effects. A screened DNA aptamer has been widely developed for active targeting delivery. Herein, we report a facile strategy for the construction of a branched DNA aptamer cluster-based nanoplatform for efficiently targeted drug delivery. In our design, the terminal-modified DNA aptamer can be covalently conjugated to form a branched aptamer cluster by click reaction easily. The branched aptamer cluster-modified DNA tetrahedron (TET) demonstrates highly targeted cellular uptake with the modification of only one site. After loading the chemotherapeutic drug (doxorubicin, DOX), the DNA aptamer cluster-based nanoplatform elicits a remarkable and selective inhibition of tumor cell proliferation by much-enhanced targeted delivery. This covalently conjugated branched DNA aptamer cluster-based nanoplatform provides a new strategy for the development of targeted drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runze Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Dongdan Santiao No. 5, Beijing 100005, China.
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, 11 BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Dongdan Santiao No. 5, Beijing 100005, China.
| | - Xuehe Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, 11 BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Dongdan Santiao No. 5, Beijing 100005, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jianbing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, 11 BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baoquan Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, 11 BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Aptamer Targets Triple-Negative Breast Cancer through Specific Binding to Surface CD49c. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061570. [PMID: 35326720 PMCID: PMC8946172 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Targeted therapy directed against many biomarkers has not shown significant improvement in outcome in TNBC, and therefore it is urgent to discover more biomarker candidates. Here, we found a DNA aptamer that bound to TNBC cells and identified CD49c as a specific surface marker for TNBC cells using the aptamer-facilitated biomarker discovery technology. The findings suggest that this DNA aptamer can be a drug delivery vehicle and CD49c is a potential target of targeted therapy for TNBC. Abstract Although targeted cancer therapy can induce higher therapeutic efficacy and cause fewer side effects in patients, the lack of targetable biomarkers on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells limits the development of targeted therapies by antibody technology. Therefore, we investigated an alternative approach to target TNBC by using the PDGC21T aptamer, which selectively binds to poorly differentiated carcinoma cells and tumor tissues, although the cellular target is still unknown. We found that synthetic aptamer probes specifically bound cultured TNBC cells in vitro and selectively targeted TNBC xenografts in vivo. Subsequently, to identify the target molecule on TNBC cells, we performed aptamer-mediated immunoprecipitation in lysed cell membranes followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Sequencing analysis revealed a highly conserved peptide sequence consistent with the cell surface protein CD49c (integrin α3). For target validation, we stained cultured TNBC and non-TNBC cells with an aptamer probe or a CD49c antibody and found similar cell staining patterns. Finally, competition cell-binding assays using both aptamer and anti-CD49c antibody revealed that CD49c is the biomarker targeted by the PDGC21T aptamer on TNBC cells. Our findings provide a molecular foundation for the development of targeted TNBC therapy using the PDGC21T aptamer as a targeting ligand.
Collapse
|
10
|
Thomas BJ, Porciani D, Burke DH. Cancer immunomodulation using bispecific aptamers. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:894-915. [PMID: 35141049 PMCID: PMC8803965 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Evasion of immune destruction is a major hallmark of cancer. Recent US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals of various immunomodulating therapies underline the important role that reprogramming the immune system can play in combating this disease. However, a wide range of side effects still limit the therapeutic potential of immunomodulators, suggesting a need for more precise reagents with negligible off-target and on-target/off-tumor effects. Aptamers are single-chained oligonucleotides that bind their targets with high specificity and affinity owing to their three-dimensional (3D) structures, and they are one potential way to address this need. In particular, bispecific aptamers (bsApts) have been shown to induce artificial immune synapses that promote T cell activation and subsequent tumor cell lysis in various in vitro and in vivo pre-clinical models. We discuss these advances here, along with gaps in bsApt biology at both the cellular and resident tissue levels that should be addressed to accelerate their translation into the clinic. The broad application, minimal production cost, and relative lack of immunogenicity of bsApts give them some ideal qualities for manipulating the immune system. Building upon lessons from other novel therapies, bsApts could soon provide clinicians with an immunomodulating toolbox that is not only potent and efficacious but exercises a wide therapeutic index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Thomas
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - David Porciani
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Donald H. Burke
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang PJJ, Liu J. Selection of Aptamers for Sensing Caffeine and Discrimination of Its Three Single Demethylated Analogues. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3142-3149. [PMID: 35143165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With the growing consumption of caffeine-containing beverages, detection of caffeine has become an important biomedical, bioanalytical, and environmental topic. We herein isolated four high-quality aptamers for caffeine with dissociation constants ranging from 2.2 to 14.6 μM as characterized using isothermal titration calorimetry. Different binding patterns were obtained for the three single demethylated analogues: theobromine, theophylline, and paraxanthine, highlighting the effect of the molecular symmetry of the arrangement of the three methyl groups in caffeine. A structure-switching fluorescent sensor was designed showing a detection limit of 1.2 μM caffeine, which reflected the labeled caffeine concentration within 6.1% difference for eight commercial beverages. In 20% human serum, a detection limit of 4.0 μM caffeine was achieved. With the four aptamer sensors forming an array, caffeine and the three analogues were well separated from nine other closely related molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jung Jimmy Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Arshavsky‐Graham S, Heuer C, Jiang X, Segal E. Aptasensors versus immunosensors—Which will prevail? Eng Life Sci 2022; 22:319-333. [PMID: 35382545 PMCID: PMC8961048 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202100148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the invention of the first biosensors 70 years ago, they have turned into valuable and versatile tools for various applications, ranging from disease diagnosis to environmental monitoring. Traditionally, antibodies have been employed as the capture probes in most biosensors, owing to their innate ability to bind their target with high affinity and specificity, and are still considered as the gold standard. Yet, the resulting immunosensors often suffer from considerable limitations, which are mainly ascribed to the antibody size, conjugation chemistry, stability, and costs. Over the past decade, aptamers have emerged as promising alternative capture probes presenting some advantages over existing constraints of immunosensors, as well as new biosensing concepts. Herein, we review the employment of antibodies and aptamers as capture probes in biosensing platforms, addressing the main aspects of biosensor design and mechanism. We also aim to compare both capture probe classes from theoretical and experimental perspectives. Yet, we highlight that such comparisons are not straightforward, and these two families of capture probes should not be necessarily perceived as competing but rather as complementary. We, thus, elaborate on their combined use in hybrid biosensing schemes benefiting from the advantages of each biorecognition element.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Arshavsky‐Graham
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering Technion ‐ Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Christopher Heuer
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering Technion ‐ Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Xin Jiang
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering Technion ‐ Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Ester Segal
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering Technion ‐ Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
- Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute Technion ‐ Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li J, Xie S, Qu F, Tan W. Aptasensors for Cancerous Exosome Detection. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2504:3-20. [PMID: 35467275 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2341-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancerous exosomes that carry multiple biomarkers are attractive targets for the early diagnosis and therapy of cancer. As one of the powerful molecular recognition tools, aptamers with excellent binding affinity and specificity toward biomarkers have been exploited to construct various aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensors) for exosome detection. Here, we review recent advances in aptasensors for the detection of cancerous exosomes. We first discuss the importance and potential of cancerous exosomes in cancer diagnosis and then summarize some conventional aptasensors from the perspective of biomarker recognition and signal collection strategies. Finally, we comment on the outlook for aptasensor research and new directions for cancerous exosome detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sitao Xie
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengli Qu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Weihong Tan
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kuang J, Fu Z, Sun X, Lin C, Yang S, Xu J, Zhang M, Zhang H, Ning F, Hu P. A colorimetric aptasensor based on a hemin/EpCAM aptamer DNAzyme for sensitive exosome detection. Analyst 2022; 147:5054-5061. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01410f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are considered as potential biomarkers that can reflect information from their parent cell-associated cancer microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Kuang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhibo Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xuezhi Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chuhui Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shenglong Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiayao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hongyang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fanghong Ning
- School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pheno-SELEX: Engineering Anti-Metastatic Aptamers through Targeting the Invasive Phenotype Using Systemic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8120212. [PMID: 34940365 PMCID: PMC8698736 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8120212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple methods (e.g., small molecules and antibodies) have been engineered to target specific proteins and signaling pathways in cancer. However, many mediators of the cancer phenotype are unknown and the ability to target these phenotypes would help mitigate cancer. Aptamers are small DNA or RNA molecules that are designed for therapeutic use. The design of aptamers to target cancers can be challenging. Accordingly, to engineer functionally anti-metastatic aptamers we used a modification of systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) we call Pheno-SELEX to target a known phenotype of cancer metastasis, i.e., invasion. A highly invasive prostate cancer (PCa) cell line was established and used to identify aptamers that bound to it with high affinity as opposed to a less invasive variant to the cell line. The anti-invasive aptamer (AIA1) was found to inhibit in vitro invasion of the original highly invasive PCa cell line, as well as an additional PCa cell line and an osteosarcoma cell line. AIA1 also inhibited in vivo development of metastasis in both a PCa and osteosarcoma model of metastasis. These results indicate that Pheno-SELEX can be successfully used to identify aptamers without knowledge of underlying molecular targets. This study establishes a new paradigm for the identification of functional aptamers.
Collapse
|
16
|
Targeted design of green carbon dot-CA-125 aptamer conjugate for the fluorescence imaging of ovarian cancer cell. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 80:75-88. [PMID: 34716880 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aptamer-Carbon Dot (CD) bioconjugation is an attractive target-tracking strategy in detecting cell surface antigens. This study describes an effective imaging paradigm for CA-125 antigen imaging. Our experience encompasses green CD synthesis and characterization, CD-capture probe conjugation through covalent bonding, the hybridization linkage of CD-probe to aptamer and their coupling confirmation, and fluorescent targeted imaging of ovarian cancer cells. As a result, the synthesized CDs from lemon extract by hydrothermal reaction show average size of 2 nm with maximum fluorescence intensity at excitation/emission 360/450 nm. CD-probe construction was provided by functional group interactions of CD and probe via EDC/NHS chemistry. The linkage of CD-probe to aptamer was conducted by Watson-Crick nucleotide pairing. The assessment of CD-probe and CD-probe-aptamer fabrication was validated by the increase in surface roughness through AFM analysis, the diminish of fluorescence intensity of CD after bioconjugation, and particle size growth of the construct. Conjugates with negligible cytotoxicity, appropriate zeta potential, and good aptamer release were applied in cellular imaging. This targeted diagnosis method was employed the four reported DNA aptamers toward fluorescence intensity. The DOV-3 aptamer showed more qualified detection over other aptamer conjugates during fluorescent microscopy analysis. In conclusion, the CD-probe-aptamer conjugate applications as toxic-free method can open new horizons in fluorescent nano-imaging in the field of targeted cancer cell diagnosis.
Collapse
|
17
|
Earnest KG, McConnell EM, Hassan EM, Wunderlich M, Hosseinpour B, Bono BS, Chee MJ, Mulloy JC, Willmore WG, DeRosa MC, Merino EJ. Development and characterization of a DNA aptamer for MLL-AF9 expressing acute myeloid leukemia cells using whole cell-SELEX. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19174. [PMID: 34580387 PMCID: PMC8476576 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98676-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current classes of cancer therapeutics have negative side effects stemming from off-target cytotoxicity. One way to avoid this would be to use a drug delivery system decorated with targeting moieties, such as an aptamer, if a targeted aptamer is available. In this study, aptamers were selected against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells expressing the MLL-AF9 oncogene through systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Twelve rounds of SELEX, including two counter selections against fibroblast cells, were completed. Aptamer pools were sequenced, and three candidate sequences were identified. These sequences consisted of two 23-base primer regions flanking a 30-base central domain. Binding studies were performed using flow cytometry, and the lead sequence had a binding constant of 37.5 + / - 2.5 nM to AML cells, while displaying no binding to fibroblast or umbilical cord blood cells at 200 nM. A truncation study of the lead sequence was done using nine shortened sequences, and showed the 5' primer was not important for binding. The lead sequence was tested against seven AML patient cultures, and five cultures showed binding at 200 nM. In summary, a DNA aptamer specific to AML cells was developed and characterized for future drug-aptamer conjugates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin G Earnest
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Erin M McConnell
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Eman M Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Wunderlich
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Bianca S Bono
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa J Chee
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - James C Mulloy
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Maria C DeRosa
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Edward J Merino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang F, Huang J, Xin H, Lei J. Triple-Layered Metal-Organic Framework Hybrid for Tandem Response-Driven Enhanced Chemotherapy. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2068-2074. [PMID: 34114330 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The precise release of drugs is essential to improve cancer therapeutic efficacy. In this work, a tandem responsive strategy was developed based on a triple-layered metal-organic framework (MOF) hybrid. The MOF nanoprobe was stepwise fabricated with a telomerase-responsive inner, a pH-sensitive MOF filling and H2 O2 -responsive coordination complex shell of Fe3+ and eigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). In the tumor microenvironment, the shell was dissociated by endogenous H2 O2 and simultaneously produced highly reactive hydroxyl radicals by a Fenton reaction. Meanwhile, the released EGCG could downregulate the expression of P-glycoprotein responsible for drug resistance. After the dissociation of the framework by protons, telomerase could trigger the release of the drug from the DNA duplex on the exposed inner shell. By integrating confined drug release, inhibited efflux pump and chemodynamic therapy, the all-in-one chemotherapy strategy was identified with enhanced therapeutic efficacy in drug-resistant cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Guo Y, Li K, Gao Y, Zhao S, Shi M, Li J, Liu Z, Wang Z, He L. CLEC3B Identified as a Potential Lung Cancer Biomarker in Serum by Aptamer‐Capture Technology. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbin Guo
- College of Environment & Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao Hebei Province 066004 China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Environment & Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao Hebei Province 066004 China
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Environment & Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao Hebei Province 066004 China
| | - Shuhua Zhao
- College of Environment & Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao Hebei Province 066004 China
| | - Ming Shi
- College of Environment & Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao Hebei Province 066004 China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Environment & Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao Hebei Province 066004 China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- College of Environment & Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao Hebei Province 066004 China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- College of Environment & Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao Hebei Province 066004 China
| | - Lei He
- College of Environment & Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao Hebei Province 066004 China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Roy D, Pascher A, Juratli MA, Sporn JC. The Potential of Aptamer-Mediated Liquid Biopsy for Early Detection of Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115601. [PMID: 34070509 PMCID: PMC8199038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The early detection of cancer favors a greater chance of curative treatment and long-term survival. Exciting new technologies have been developed that can help to catch the disease early. Liquid biopsy is a promising non-invasive tool to detect cancer, even at an early stage, as well as to continuously monitor disease progression and treatment efficacy. Various methods have been implemented to isolate and purify bio-analytes in liquid biopsy specimens. Aptamers are short oligonucleotides consisting of either DNA or RNA that are capable of binding to target molecules with high specificity. Due to their unique properties, they are considered promising recognition ligands for the early detection of cancer by liquid biopsy. A variety of circulating targets have been isolated with high affinity and specificity by facile modification and affinity regulation of the aptamers. In this review, we discuss recent progress in aptamer-mediated liquid biopsy for cancer detection, its associated challenges, and its future potential for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhruvajyoti Roy
- Helio Health, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-949-8722383
| | - Andreas Pascher
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (A.P.); (M.A.J.); (J.C.S.)
| | - Mazen A. Juratli
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (A.P.); (M.A.J.); (J.C.S.)
| | - Judith C. Sporn
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (A.P.); (M.A.J.); (J.C.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang J, Fang X, Zhang C, Ji H, Pang Q, Li X, Luo Z, Wu Q, Zhang L. Development of Aptamer-Based Molecular Tools for Rapid Intraoperative Diagnosis and In Vivo Imaging of Serous Ovarian Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:16118-16126. [PMID: 33787226 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer are based on intraoperative pathology and debulking surgery. The development of a novel molecular tool is significant for rapid intraoperative pathologic diagnosis, which instructs the decision-making on excision surgery and effective chemotherapy. In this work, we represent a DNA aptamer named mApoc46, which is generated from cell-SELEX by targeting patient-derived primary serous ovarian cancer (pSOC) cells. An average dissociation constant (Kd) was determined to be 0.15 ± 0.05 μM by flow cytometry. The mApoc46 aptamer displays a robust specificity to pSOC cells. Labeled with FAM, mApoc46 can selectively stain living pSOC cells in 30 min without staining commercial OC cell lines and cell lines associated with other cancers. Interestingly, FAM-mApoc46 displayed superb selectivity toward high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HG-SOC) tissues in frozen sections against low-grade SOC, ovarian borderline tumor, other nonepithelial ovarian tumors, and healthy ovarian tissue. These results lead to a potential application in the identification of OCs' histological subtypes during operation. In the patient-derived tumor xenograft NCG mice model, Cy5-labeled mApoc46 was found to accumulate at the tumor area and served as an in vivo imaging probe. The mApoc46 probe shows a robust and stable performance to visualize SOC tumors in the body. Therefore, aptamer mApoc46 holds great potential in rapid intraoperative detection, pathological diagnosis, fluorescence image-guided cancer surgery, and targeted drug delivery and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230020, Anhui, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaona Fang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aptamer Selection Center, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P. R. China
| | - Haishuo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Qiushi Pang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230020, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xuqing Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230020, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Zhaofeng Luo
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Aptamer Selection Center, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P. R. China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tan Y, Li Y, Qu YX, Su Y, Peng Y, Zhao Z, Fu T, Wang XQ, Tan W. Aptamer-Peptide Conjugates as Targeted Chemosensitizers for Breast Cancer Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:9436-9444. [PMID: 33306339 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in tumors are commonly associated with poor prognosis, enhanced doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity, and even drug resistance in DOX-related cancer chemotherapy. Several peptides possess remarkable protein inhibition and chemosensitization effects, which are attributed to their specific targeting ability against HSP70. However, the inherent poor cell penetration capacity considerably restricts the biomedical applications of these peptides. We herein describe the design and development of anti-MUC1 aptamer-peptide conjugates (ApPCs) as targeted chemosensitizers to overcome the above-mentioned issues. Moreover, DOX could be loaded on the ApPC to deliver the DOX-enclosed agent ApPC-DOX, which simultaneously acts as a targeted chemosensitizer and anticancer agent for combating drug resistance in breast cancer therapy. This innovative, engineered biocompatible conjugate not only enhances the sensitivity of DOX-resistant cells but also alleviates cardiotoxicity of DOX in vivo, highlighting the success of this targeted chemosensitizer strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tan
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, and Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Li
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, and Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Xin Qu
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, and Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuanye Su
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, and Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Peng
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, and Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zilong Zhao
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, and Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ting Fu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, and Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, and Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Xie S, Ai L, Cui C, Fu T, Cheng X, Qu F, Tan W. Functional Aptamer-Embedded Nanomaterials for Diagnostics and Therapeutics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:9542-9560. [PMID: 33595277 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, various nanomaterials with unique properties have been explored for bioapplications. Meanwhile, aptamers, generated from the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment technology, are becoming an indispensable element in the design of functional nanomaterials because of their small size, high stability, and convenient modification, especially endowing nanomaterials with recognition capability to specific targets. Therefore, the incorporation of aptamers into nanomaterials offers an unprecedented opportunity in the research fields of diagnostics and therapeutics. Here, we focus on recent advances in aptamer-embedded nanomaterials for bioapplications. First, we briefly introduce the properties of nanomaterials that can be functionalized with aptamers. Then, the applications of aptamer-embedded nanomaterials in cellular analysis, imaging, targeted drug delivery, gene editing, and cancer diagnosis/therapy are discussed. Finally, we provide some perspectives on the challenges and opportunities that have arisen from this promising area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sitao Xie
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lili Ai
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Cui
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Ting Fu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangdong Cheng
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengli Qu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Tan
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lin N, Wu L, Xu X, Wu Q, Wang Y, Shen H, Song Y, Wang H, Zhu Z, Kang D, Yang C. Aptamer Generated by Cell-SELEX for Specific Targeting of Human Glioma Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:9306-9315. [PMID: 33030015 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The most prevalent primary brain tumors are gliomas, which start in the glial cells. Although there have been significant technological advances in surgery and radio-chemotherapy, the prognosis and survival of patients with malignant gliomas remain poor. For routine diagnosis of glioma, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging primarily depend on anatomical changes and fail to detect the cellular changes that occur early in the development of malignant gliomas. Therefore, it is urgent to find effective molecular diagnostic tools to detect early stages of malignant gliomas. Currently, cell-based Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (cell-SELEX) technology is one effective tool to obtain DNA or RNA aptamers capable of differentiating the molecular signatures among different types of cell lines. Using cell-SELEX, we generated and characterized an aptamer, termed S6-1b, that can distinguish the molecular differences between glioma cell line SHG44 and human astrocytes. Under the conditions of 4 and 37 °C, respectively, the dissociation constants of aptamer-cell interaction were both measured in the low nanomolar range. The aptamer S6-1b also exhibited excellent selectivity, making it suitable for use in a complex biological environment. Furthermore, the aptamer can effectively target glioma cells for in vivo fluorescence imaging of tumors. The target type of aptamer S6-1b was identified as a cell membrane protein. Our work indicates that aptamer S6-1b has diagnostic and therapeutic potential to specifically deliver imaging or therapeutic agents to malignant gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ningqin Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Xing Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qiaoyi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yuzhe Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Haicong Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yanling Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hongyao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Dezhi Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Chaoyong Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sun Y, Ge S, Xue J, Zhou X, Lu W, Li G, Cao X. Highly sensitive detection of cytochrome c in the NSCLC serum using a hydrophobic paper based-gold nanourchin substrate. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:7062-7078. [PMID: 33408980 PMCID: PMC7747924 DOI: 10.1364/boe.408649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome c (Cyt c) is a biomarker of early apoptosis that plays a critical role in the diagnosis and therapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this work, we proposed a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based biosensor to implement the ultrasensitive detection of Cyt c in the serum of NSCLC patients. The SERS-supporting substrates based on hydrophobic filter paper were composed of gold nanourchins (GNUs) surface-functionalized with the Cyt c aptamer and the cyanine 5-labeled complementary DNA. In the existence of Cyt c, it could specifically bind to its aptamer, which leads to the detachment of complementary strands modified with Cy5 and the great weakness of SERS signal. The finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulation showed that the excellent SERS performance of GNUs aggregation was strongly dependent on a large number of "hot spots" at the tips and between the nanogaps of aggregated GNUs. Alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) was used to make the filter paper modify its property from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, which consequently increased the density of GNUs and extended the retention time of the analyte. SERS biosensors based on hydrophobic paper exhibited prominent reproducibility and selectivity. The detection limit of Cyt c in PBS was 1.148 pg/mL, while the detection limit in human serum was 1.79 pg/mL. Moreover, the analysis of the serum samples of healthy subjects and NSCLC patients confirmed the feasibility of its clinical application. The results were consistent with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results. This method can be a powerful strategy for quantitative detection of extracellular Cyt c, and it is expected that the SERS-based biosensors could be applied in the practical clinical diagnoses of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Shengjie Ge
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Jin Xue
- Guangling College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Wenbo Lu
- Shanxi Normal University, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Linfen 041004, China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xiaowei Cao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Detection of chloramphenicol with an aptamer-based colorimetric assay: critical evaluation of specific and unspecific binding of analyte molecules. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:668. [PMID: 33215333 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04644-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A chloramphenicol (CAP)-binding aptamer of 80 nucleotides (nt) was reported in 2011. In 2014, it was truncated to 40 nt and has since been used by most researchers, although a careful binding study is still lacking. In this work, binding assays using isothermal titration calorimetry and various DNA-staining dyes were performed. By comparing the truncated aptamer with three control sequences, no specific binding of CAP was observed in each case. The secondary structures of the original and truncated aptamers were analyzed, and it was shown that the likelihood of the truncated aptamer to retain the same binding mechanism as the original sequence is low. We further examined gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based label-free colorimetric assays. By quantifying the extinction ratio at 620 nm over that at 520 nm, a similar color response was observed regardless of the sequence of DNA, suggesting the color change mainly reflected other events such as the adsorption of CAP by the AuNPs, instead of aptamer binding to CAP. Salt-induced aggregation experiments suggested direct adsorption of CAP on AuNPs. CAP only weakly inhibited DNA adsorption by AuNPs but did not displace pre-adsorbed DNA. Therefore, CAP adsorption by AuNPs needs to be considered when designing related sensors, for example, by using non-aptamer sequences as controls. This work calls for careful confirmation of aptamer binding and control experiments for designing aptamer and AuNP-based biosensors.
Collapse
|
27
|
Zheng Y, Wang P, Li S, Geng X, Zou L, Jin M, Zou Q, Wang Q, Yang X, Wang K. Development of DNA Aptamer as a β-Amyloid Aggregation Inhibitor. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:8611-8618. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Pei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shaoyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiuhua Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Liyuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Meimei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Kemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu X, Hou Y, Chen S, Liu J. Controlling dopamine binding by the new aptamer for a FRET-based biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 173:112798. [PMID: 33197768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine is one of the most important neurotransmitters. A high-quality DNA aptamer for dopamine was reported in 2018. However, fundamental understanding of its binding and folding is lacking, which is critical for related biosensor design. Herein, we performed careful assays using a label-free technique called isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) to study its secondary structure. We divided this aptamer into four regions and individually examined each of them. We confirmed two stems, but the third stem is believed to be part of a loop. The aptamer was then truncated. The original aptamer had a Kd of 2.2 ± 0.3 μM at 25 °C. Shortening the structure by one or two base pairs increased the Kd to 6.9 and 44.4 μM, respectively. Dopamine binding was promoted by both increasing the Mg2+ concentration and decreasing the temperature. At 5 °C, a Kd of 0.4 μM was achieved. Based on this understanding, we designed two fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) quenching biosensors that differ only by a base pair. The shorter sensor had 3-fold higher sensitivity and a detection limit of 0.9 μM. In 1% fetal bovine serum, the sensor retained a similar limit of detection of 1.14 μM. A two-fluorophore ratiometric FRET sensor was also demonstrated with a low detection limit of 0.12 μM. This work indicated the feasibility of designing folding-based sensors for dopamine, and this design can be extended to other sensing modalities such as electrochemistry and colorimetry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xixia Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei province, 435002, China; Department of Chemistry, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yaoyao Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei province, 435002, China
| | - Sirui Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei province, 435002, China
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kukkar D, Kukkar P, Kumar V, Hong J, Kim KH, Deep A. Recent advances in nanoscale materials for antibody-based cancer theranostics. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 173:112787. [PMID: 33190049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The quest for advanced management tools or options of various cancers has been on the rise to efficiently reduce their risks of mortality without the demerits of conventional treatments (e.g., undesirable side effects of the medications on non-target tissues, non-targeted distribution, slow clearance of the administered drugs, and the development of drug resistance over the duration of therapy). In this context, nanomaterials-antibody conjugates can offer numerous advantages in the development of cancer theranostics over conventional delivery systems (e.g., highly specific and enhanced biodistribution of the drug in targeted tissues, prolonged systemic circulation, low toxicity, and minimally invasive molecular imaging). This review comprehensively discusses and evaluates recent advances in the application of nanomaterial-antibody bioconjugates for cancer theranostics for the further advancement in the control of diverse cancerous diseases. Further, discussion is expanded to cover the various challenges and limitations associated with the design and development of nanomaterial-antibody conjugates applicable towards better management of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kukkar
- Department of Nanotechnology, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, 140406, India
| | - Preeti Kukkar
- Department of Chemistry, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, 140406, India
| | - Vanish Kumar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Jongki Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea.
| | - Akash Deep
- Central Scientific Instruments Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Sector 30 C, Chandigarh, 160030, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhou J, Li Y, Wang W, Lu Z, Han H, Liu J. Kanamycin Adsorption on Gold Nanoparticles Dominates Its Label-Free Colorimetric Sensing with Its Aptamer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11490-11498. [PMID: 32907335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A short kanamycin-binding aptamer has been widely used for detecting kanamycin. One of the popular signaling methods is based on the color change of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to develop label-free colorimetric biosensors. The general perception was that aptamer binding to its target would inhibit aptamer adsorption by the AuNPs. This inhibited adsorption results in the aggregation of the AuNPs and a color change upon addition of salt. However, the potential adsorption of kanamycin was ignored. Herein, we carefully studied the adsorption of kanamycin on AuNPs and performed a comprehensive analysis using two mutated aptamers and a randomly sequenced DNA which were not supposed to bind kanamycin. In addition, a total of six antibiotics were studied over a wide concentration range. As low as 90 nM kanamycin can induce the aggregation of 3 nM citrate-capped AuNPs, indicating very strong adsorption of kanamycin. The color change was independent of DNA sequence, and all the tested sequences showed a similar color response, regardless of aptamer. Among the different antibiotics, kanamycin and streptomycin induced a color change but not the other four. Our results support an alternative mechanism that kanamycin and streptomycin adsorption by the AuNPs was the main reason for the color change instead of aptamer binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Affiliation(s)
- Xixia Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization Hubei Normal University Huangshi China
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rapid isolation and proteome analysis of urinary exosome based on double interactions of Fe 3O 4@TiO 2-DNA aptamer. Talanta 2020; 221:121571. [PMID: 33076118 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There are accumulating evidence that proteins carried by exosomes in urine are most possibly used as biomarkers or therapeutic carriers for certain diseases. The isolation of exosomes is therefore highly desirable for aiding the downstream protein analysis. Particularly, urine is a dynamic biological fluid changing within a short time, resulting in that the separation of urinary exosome requires more efficient technology. Here, a new biocompatible material (denoted as Fe3O4@TiO2-CD63 aptamer) is designed and synthesized for rapid exosome isolation from human urine, depending on the double interactions of TiO2 with phosphate groups as well as aptamers with specific exosome proteins. Moreover, within 10 min, 92.6% exosomes with intact structure are captured from urine by Fe3O4@TiO2-CD63 aptamers, from which 999 proteins are detected through LC-MS/MS.
Collapse
|
33
|
Marshall ML, Wagstaff KM. Internalized Functional DNA Aptamers as Alternative Cancer Therapies. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1115. [PMID: 32848740 PMCID: PMC7396948 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite major advances, cancer remains one of the largest burdens of disease worldwide. One reason behind this is that killing tumor cells without affecting healthy surrounding tissue remains a largely elusive prospect, despite the widespread availability of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. To meet these modern healthcare requirements, it is essential to develop precision therapeutics that minimise off-target side-effects for various cancer types. To this end, highly specific molecular targeting agents against cancer are of great interest. These agents may work by targeting intracellular signalling pathways following receptor binding, or via internalization and targeting to specific subcellular compartments. DNA aptamers represent a promising molecular tool in this arena that can be used for both specific cell surface targeting and subsequent internalization and can also elicit a functional effect upon internalization. This review examines various cancer targeting cell-internalizing aptamers, with a particular focus towards functional aptamers that do not require additional conjugation to nanoparticles or small molecules to elicit a biological response. With a deeper understanding and precise exploitation of cancer specific molecular pathways, functional intracellular DNA aptamers may be a powerful step towards more widespread development of precision therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Marshall
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kylie M Wagstaff
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Rabiee N, Ahmadi S, Arab Z, Bagherzadeh M, Safarkhani M, Nasseri B, Rabiee M, Tahriri M, Webster TJ, Tayebi L. Aptamer Hybrid Nanocomplexes as Targeting Components for Antibiotic/Gene Delivery Systems and Diagnostics: A Review. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:4237-4256. [PMID: 32606675 PMCID: PMC7314593 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s248736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With the passage of time and more advanced societies, there is a greater emergence and incidence of disease and necessity for improved treatments. In this respect, nowadays, aptamers, with their better efficiency at diagnosing and treating diseases than antibodies, are at the center of attention. Here, in this review, we first investigate aptamer function in various fields (such as the detection and remedy of pathogens, modification of nanoparticles, antibiotic delivery and gene delivery). Then, we present aptamer-conjugated nanocomplexes as the main and efficient factor in gene delivery. Finally, we focus on the targeted co-delivery of genes and drugs by nanocomplexes, as a new exciting approach for cancer treatment in the decades ahead to meet our growing societal needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeynab Arab
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Moein Safarkhani
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Nasseri
- Chemical Engineering Department and Bioengineering Division, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara06800, Turkey
- Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry Department, Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA02115, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI53233, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Aptamer binding assays and molecular interaction studies using fluorescence anisotropy - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1125:267-278. [PMID: 32674773 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Binding of nucleic acid aptamers to specific targets and detection with fluorescence anisotropy (FA) or fluorescence polarization (FP) take advantage of the complementary features of aptamers and the fluorescence techniques. We review recent advances in affinity binding assays using aptamers and FA/FP, with an emphasis on studies of molecular interactions and identification of binding sites. Aptamers provide several benefits, including the ease of labelling fluorophores on specific sites, binding-induced changes in aptamer structures, hybridization of the aptamers to complementary sequences, changes in molecular volume upon binding of the aptamer to its target, and adsorption of aptamers onto nanomaterials. Some of these benefits have been utilized for FA/FP assays. Once the aptamer binds to its target, the resulting changes in molecular volume (size), structure, local rotation of the fluorophore, and/or the fluorescence lifetime influence changes to the FA/FP values. Measurements of these fluorescence anisotropy/polarization changes have provided insights into the molecular interactions, such as the binding affinity and the site of binding. Studies of molecular interactions conducted in homogeneous solutions, as well as those with separations, e.g., capillary electrophoresis, have been summarized in this review. Studies on mapping the position of binding in aptamers at the single nucleotide level have demonstrated a unique benefit of the FA/FP techniques and pointed to an exciting direction for future research.
Collapse
|
36
|
Aptamers Against Live Targets: Is In Vivo SELEX Finally Coming to the Edge? MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:192-204. [PMID: 32585627 PMCID: PMC7321788 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapeutics underwent a revolution with the entry of monoclonal antibodies in the medical toolkit. Oligonucleotide aptamers form another family of target agents that have been lagging behind in reaching the clinical arena in spite of their potential clinical translation. Some of the reasons for this might be related to the challenge in identifying aptamers with optimal in vivo specificity, and the nature of their pharmacokinetics. Aptamers usually show exquisite specificity, but they are also molecules that display dynamic structures subject to changing environments. Temperature, ion atmosphere, pH, and other variables are factors that could determine the affinity and specificity of aptamers. Thus, it is important to tune the aptamer selection process to the conditions in which you want your final aptamer to function; ideally, for in vivo applications, aptamers should be selected in an in vivo-like system or, ultimately, in a whole in vivo organism. In this review we recapitulate the implementations in systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) to obtain aptamers with the best in vivo activity.
Collapse
|
37
|
Ahmad T, Sarwar R, Iqbal A, Bashir U, Farooq U, Halim SA, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Recent advances in combinatorial cancer therapy via multifunctionalized gold nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:1221-1237. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The diverse behavior of nanogold in the therapeutic field is related to its unique size and shape. Nanogold offers improvements in modern diagnostic and therapeutic implications, increases disease specificity and targeted drug delivery, and is relatively economical compared with other chemotherapeutic protocols. The diagnosis of cancer and photothermal therapy improve drastically with the implementation of nanotechnology. Different types of nanoparticles, that is, gold silica nanoshells, nanorods and nanospheres of diverse shapes and geometries, are used widely in the photothermal therapy of cancerous cells and nodules. Numerous reviews have been published on the therapeutic applications of gold nanoparticles, but studies on combinatorial applications of nanogold in cancer therapy are limited. This review focuses on the combinatorial cancer therapy using optical properties of nanogold with different shapes and geometries, and their therapeutic applications in cancer diagnosis, photothermal therapy, cancer imaging and targeted drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Touqeer Ahmad
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rizwana Sarwar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Iqbal
- Division of Pharmacy Practice & Policy, School of pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Uzma Bashir
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, 616, Sultanate of Oman
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Selected DNA aptamers as hydroxyapatite affinity reagents. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1110:115-121. [PMID: 32278386 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
DNA aptamers were selected for their ability to bind specifically and quickly to crystalline hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2; HAP), the primary mineral component of enamel and bone. Aptamers were found to have an enhanced percent of G-nucleotides and a propensity for forming a G-quadruplex secondary structure. One aptamer was studied in comparison to control sequences and was found to bind with high affinity and at high loading capacity, with enhanced binding kinetics, and with specificity for crystalline HAP material over amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP). The fluorescently-functionalized aptamer was demonstrated to specifically label HAP in a surface binding experiment and suggests the usefulness of this selected aptamer in biomedical or biotechnology fields where the labeling of specific calcium phosphate materials is required.
Collapse
|
39
|
Hassan EM, DeRosa MC. Recent advances in cancer early detection and diagnosis: Role of nucleic acid based aptasensors. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
40
|
Wu L, Wang Y, Zhu L, Liu Y, Wang T, Liu D, Song Y, Yang C. Aptamer-Based Liquid Biopsy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2743-2764. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yidi Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yilong Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Teng Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Dan Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yanling Song
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Chaoyong Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li Y, Liu B, Huang Z, Liu J. Engineering base-excised aptamers for highly specific recognition of adenosine. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2735-2743. [PMID: 34084332 PMCID: PMC8157715 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00086h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA aptamer for adenosine and ATP has been used as a model system for developing analytical biosensors. For practical reasons, it is important to distinguish adenosine from ATP, although this has yet to be achieved despite extensive efforts made on selection of new aptamers. We herein report a strategy of excising an adenine nucleotide from the backbone of a one-site adenosine aptamer, and the adenine-excised aptamer allowed highly specific binding of adenosine. Cognate analytes including AMP, ATP, guanosine, cytidine, uridine, and theophylline all failed to bind to the engineered aptamer according to the SYBR Green I (SGI) fluorescence spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) results. Our A-excised aptamer has two binding sites: the original aptamer binding site in the loop and the newly created one due to base excision from the DNA backbone. ITC demonstrated that the A-excised aptamer strand can bind to two adenosine molecules, with a Kd of 14.8 ± 2.1 μM at 10 °C and entropy-driven binding. Since the wild-type aptamer cannot discriminate adenosine from AMP and ATP, we attributed this improved specificity to the excised site. Further study showed that these two sites worked cooperatively. Finally, the A-excised aptamer was tested in diluted fetal bovine serum and showed a limit of detection of 46.7 μM adenosine. This work provides a facile, cost-effective, and non-SELEX method to engineer existing aptamers for new features and better applications. The DNA aptamer for adenosine and ATP has been used as a model system for developing analytical biosensors.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Li
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Biwu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Zhicheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li X, Yang Y, Zhao H, Zhu T, Yang Z, Xu H, Fu Y, Lin F, Pan X, Li L, Cui C, Hong M, Yang L, Wang KK, Tan W. Enhanced in Vivo Blood–Brain Barrier Penetration by Circular Tau–Transferrin Receptor Bifunctional Aptamer for Tauopathy Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3862-3872. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Hengzhi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Tian Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Yueqiang Fu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Fan Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Xiaoshu Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Long Li
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Cheng Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Min Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Kevin K. Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Brain Rehabilitation Research Center (BRRC), Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Road, Gainesville Florida 32608, United States
| | - Weihong Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Liu D, Wang J, Wu L, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Yang C. Trends in miniaturized biosensors for point-of-care testing. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
44
|
Bing T, Zhang N, Shangguan D. Cell-SELEX, an Effective Way to the Discovery of Biomarkers and Unexpected Molecular Events. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1900193. [PMID: 32648677 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell-SELEX can not only generate aptamers for specific cell isolation/detection, diagnosis, and therapy, but also lead to the discovery of biomarkers and unexpected molecular events. However, most cell-SELEX research is concentrated on aptamer generation and applications. In this progress report, recent research progress with cell-SELEX in terms of the discovery of biomarkers and unexpected molecular events is highlighted. In particular, the key technical challenges for cell-SELEX-based biomarker discovery, namely, the methods for identification and validation of target proteins of aptamers, are discussed in detail. Finally, the prospects of the applications of cell-SELEX in this field now and in the near future are described. It is expected that this report will attract attention to the benefit of cell-SELEX and provide a practical reference for biomedical researchers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Bing
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dihua Shangguan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Nalbantoglu S, Karadag A. Introductory Chapter: Insight into the OMICS Technologies and Molecular Medicine. Mol Med 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.86450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
|
46
|
Wang T, Chen WX, Xu GF, Zhang B, Wei SQ, Hu J, Zhang KH. A universal strategy designed for selecting bench-to-bedside aptamers to serum and validated in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
47
|
Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro YOSHIMOTO
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Khurana B, Gierlich P, Meindl A, Gomes-da-Silva LC, Senge MO. Hydrogels: soft matters in photomedicine. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2613-2656. [PMID: 31460568 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00221a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a shining beacon in the realm of photomedicine, is a non-invasive technique that utilizes dye-based photosensitizers (PSs) in conjunction with light and oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species to combat malignant tissues and infectious microorganisms. Yet, for PDT to become a common, routine therapy, it is still necessary to overcome limitations such as photosensitizer solubility, long-term side effects (e.g., photosensitivity) and to develop safe, biocompatible and target-specific formulations. Polymer based drug delivery platforms are an effective strategy for the delivery of PSs for PDT applications. Among them, hydrogels and 3D polymer scaffolds with the ability to swell in aqueous media have been deeply investigated. Particularly, hydrogel-based formulations present real potential to fulfill all requirements of an ideal PDT platform by overcoming the solubility issues, while improving the selectivity and targeting drawbacks of the PSs alone. In this perspective, we summarize the use of hydrogels as carrier systems of PSs to enhance the effectiveness of PDT against infections and cancer. Their potential in environmental and biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering photoremediation and photochemistry, is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Khurana
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| | - Piotr Gierlich
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland. and CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alina Meindl
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Mathias O Senge
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland. and Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany and Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Technische Universität München, Lichtenberg-Str. 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Four steps for revealing and adjusting the 3D structure of aptamers in solution by small-angle X-ray scattering and computer simulation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:6723-6732. [PMID: 31396648 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid (NA) aptamers bind to their targets with high affinity and selectivity. The three-dimensional (3D) structures of aptamers play a major role in these non-covalent interactions. Here, we use a four-step approach to determine a true 3D structure of aptamers in solution using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and molecular structure restoration (MSR). The approach consists of (i) acquiring SAXS experimental data of an aptamer in solution, (ii) building a spatial distribution of the molecule's electron density using SAXS results, (iii) constructing a 3D model of the aptamer from its nucleotide primary sequence and secondary structure, and (iv) comparing and refining the modeled 3D structures with the experimental SAXS model. In the proof-of-principle we analyzed the 3D structure of RE31 aptamer to thrombin in a native free state at different temperatures and validated it by circular dichroism (CD). The resulting 3D structure of RE31 has the most energetically favorable conformation and the same elements such as a B-form duplex, non-complementary region, and two G-quartets which were previously reported by X-ray diffraction (XRD) from a single crystal. More broadly, this study demonstrates the complementary approach for constructing and adjusting the 3D structures of aptamers, DNAzymes, and ribozymes in solution, and could supply new opportunities for developing functional nucleic acids. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
|
50
|
Sun D, Lu J, Zhang L, Chen Z. Aptamer-based electrochemical cytosensors for tumor cell detection in cancer diagnosis: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1082:1-17. [PMID: 31472698 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells, a type of viable cancer cell circulating from primary or metastatic tumors in the blood stream, can lead to the parallel development of primary tumors and metastatic lesions. Highly selective and sensitive detection of tumor cells has become a hot research topic and can provide a basis for early diagnosis of cancers and anticancer drug evaluation to develop the best treatment plan. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that can bind to target tumor cells in unique three-dimensional structures with high specificity and affinity. Aptamer-based methods or signal amplification methods using aptamers show great potential in improving the selectivity and sensitivity of electrochemical (EC) cytosensors for tumor cell detection. This review covers the remarkable developments in aptamer-based EC cytosensors for the identification of cell type, cell counting and detection of crucial proteins on the cell surface. Various EC techniques have been developed for cancer cell detection, including common voltammetry or impedance, electrochemiluminescence and photoelectrochemistry in a direct approach (aptamer-target cell), sandwich approach (capture probe-target cell-signaling probe) or other approach. The current challenges and promising opportunities in the establishment of EC aptamer cytosensors for tumor cell detection are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duanping Sun
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Ordinary Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Ordinary Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zuanguang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|