1
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Sahin S, Garnæs MF, Bennett A, Dwork N, Tang S, Liu X, Vaidya M, Wang ZJ, Larson PE. A pharmacokinetic model for hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate MRI when using metabolite-specific bSSFP sequences. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:1698-1713. [PMID: 38775035 PMCID: PMC11262974 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolite-specific balanced SSFP (MS-bSSFP) sequences are increasingly used in hyperpolarized [1-13C]Pyruvate (HP 13C) MRI studies as they improve SNR by refocusing the magnetization each TR. Currently, pharmacokinetic models used to fit conversion rate constants, kPL and kPB, and rate constant maps do not account for differences in the signal evolution of MS-bSSFP acquisitions. METHODS In this work, a flexible MS-bSSFP model was built that can be used to fit conversion rate constants for these experiments. The model was validated in vivo using paired animal (healthy rat kidneys n = 8, transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate n = 3) and human renal cell carcinoma (n = 3) datasets. Gradient echo (GRE) acquisitions were used with a previous GRE model to compare to the results of the proposed GRE-bSSFP model. RESULTS Within simulations, the proposed GRE-bSSFP model fits the simulated data well, whereas a GRE model shows bias because of model mismatch. For the in vivo datasets, the estimated conversion rate constants using the proposed GRE-bSSFP model are consistent with a previous GRE model. Jointly fitting the lactate T2 with kPL resulted in less precise kPL estimates. CONCLUSION The proposed GRE-bSSFP model provides a method to estimate conversion rate constants, kPL and kPB, for MS-bSSFP HP 13C experiments. This model may also be modified and used for other applications, for example, estimating rate constants with other hyperpolarized reagents or multi-echo bSSFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Sahin
- UC Berkeley – UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | | | - Anna Bennett
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Nicholas Dwork
- Biomedical Informatics and Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | | | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Manushka Vaidya
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Zhen Jane Wang
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Peder E.Z. Larson
- UC Berkeley – UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
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2
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Agarwal S, Gordon J, Bok RA, von Morze C, Vigneron DB, Kurhanewicz J, Ohliger MA. Distinguishing metabolic signals of liver tumors from surrounding liver cells using hyperpolarized 13 C MRI and gadoxetate. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:2114-2125. [PMID: 38270193 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To use the hepatocyte-specific gadolinium-based contrast agent gadoxetate combined with hyperpolarized (HP) [1-13 C]pyruvate MRI to selectively suppress metabolic signals from normal hepatocytes while preserving the signals arising from tumors. METHODS Simulations were performed to determine the expected changes in HP 13 C MR signal in liver and tumor under the influence of gadoxetate. CC531 colon cancer cells were implanted into the livers of five Wag/Rij rats. Liver and tumor metabolism were imaged at 3 T using HP [1-13 C] pyruvate chemical shift imaging before and 15 min after injection of gadoxetate. Area under the curve for pyruvate and lactate were measured from voxels containing at least 75% of normal-appearing liver or tumor. RESULTS Numerical simulations predicted a 36% decrease in lactate-to-pyruvate (L/P) ratio in liver and 16% decrease in tumor. In vivo, baseline L/P ratio was 0.44 ± 0.25 in tumors versus 0.21 ± 0.08 in liver (p = 0.09). Following administration of gadoxetate, mean L/P ratio decreased by an average of 0.11 ± 0.06 (p < 0.01) in normal-appearing liver. In tumors, mean L/P ratio post-gadoxetate did not show a statistically significant change from baseline. Compared to baseline levels, the relative decrease in L/P ratio was significantly greater in liver than in tumors (-0.52 ± 0.16 vs. -0.19 ± 0.25, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The intracellular hepatobiliary contrast agent showed a greater effect suppressing HP 13 C MRI metabolic signals (through T1 shortening) in normal-appearing liver when compared to tumors. The combined use of HP MRI with selective gadolinium contrast agents may allow more selective imaging in HP 13 C MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Agarwal
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeremy Gordon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert A Bok
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Cornelius von Morze
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel B Vigneron
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael A Ohliger
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
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3
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Liu X, Cui D, Xu D, Bok R, Wang ZJ, Vigneron DB, Larson PEZ, Gordon JW. Dynamic T 2 * relaxometry of hyperpolarized [1- 13 C]pyruvate MRI in the human brain and kidneys. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:1030-1042. [PMID: 38013217 PMCID: PMC10872504 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to quantifyT 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ for hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate and metabolites in the healthy human brain and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients at 3 T. METHODS DynamicT 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ values were measured with a metabolite-specific multi-echo spiral sequence. The dynamicT 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ of [1-13 C]pyruvate, [1-13 C]lactate, and 13 C-bicarbonate was estimated in regions of interest in the whole brain, sinus vein, gray matter, and white matter in healthy volunteers, as well as in kidney tumors and the contralateral healthy kidneys in a separate group of RCC patients.T 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ was fit using a mono-exponential function; and metabolism was quantified using pyruvate-to-lactate conversion rate maps and lactate-to-pyruvate ratio maps, which were compared with and without an estimatedT 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ correction. RESULTS TheT 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ of pyruvate was shown to vary during the acquisition, whereas theT 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ of lactate and bicarbonate were relatively constant through time and across the organs studied. TheT 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ of lactate was similar in gray matter (29.75 ± 1.04 ms), white matter (32.89 ± 0.9 ms), healthy kidney (34.61 ± 4.07 ms), and kidney tumor (33.01 ± 2.31 ms); and theT 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ of bicarbonate was different between whole-brain (108.17 ± 14.05 ms) and healthy kidney (58.45 ± 6.63 ms). TheT 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ of pyruvate had similar trends in both brain and RCC studies, reducing from 75.56 ± 2.23 ms to 22.24 ± 1.24 ms in the brain and reducing from 122.72 ± 9.86 ms to 57.38 ± 7.65 ms in the kidneys. CONCLUSION Multi-echo dynamic imaging can quantifyT 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ and metabolism in a single integrated acquisition. Clear differences were observed in theT 2 * $$ {T}_2^{\ast } $$ of metabolites and in their behavior throughout the timecourse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Liu
- Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Di Cui
- Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Duan Xu
- Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert Bok
- Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Zhen J Wang
- Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel B Vigneron
- Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley and San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peder E Z Larson
- Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley and San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeremy W Gordon
- Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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4
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Mu C, Liu X, Kim Y, Riselli A, Korenchan DE, Bok RA, Delos Santos R, Sriram R, Qin H, Nguyen H, Gordon JW, Slater J, Larson PEZ, Vigneron DB, Kurhanewicz J, Wilson DM, Flavell RR. Clinically Translatable Hyperpolarized 13C Bicarbonate pH Imaging Method for Use in Prostate Cancer. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4042-4054. [PMID: 37878761 PMCID: PMC10683509 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Solid tumors such as prostate cancer (PCa) commonly develop an acidic microenvironment with pH 6.5-7.2, owing to heterogeneous perfusion, high metabolic activity, and rapid cell proliferation. In preclinical prostate cancer models, disease progression is associated with a decrease in tumor extracellular pH, suggesting that pH imaging may reflect an imaging biomarker to detect aggressive and high-risk disease. Therefore, we developed a hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI method to image the tumor extracellular pH (pHe) and prepared it for clinical translation for detection and risk stratification of PCa. This method relies on the rapid breakdown of hyperpolarized (HP) 1,2-glycerol carbonate (carbonyl-13C) via base-catalyzed hydrolysis to produce HP 13CO32-, which is neutralized and converted to HP H13CO3-. After injection, HP H13CO3- equilibrates with HP 13CO2 in vivo and enables the imaging of pHe. Using insights gleaned from mechanistic studies performed in the hyperpolarized state, we solved issues of polarization loss during preparation in a clinical polarizer system. We successfully customized a reaction apparatus suitable for clinical application, developed clinical standard operating procedures, and validated the radiofrequency pulse sequence and imaging data acquisition with a wide range of animal models. The results demonstrated that we can routinely produce a highly polarized and safe HP H13CO3- contrast agent suitable for human injection. Preclinical imaging studies validated the reliability and accuracy of measuring acidification in healthy kidney and prostate tumor tissue. These methods were used to support an Investigational New Drug application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. This methodology is now ready to be implemented in human trials, with the ultimate goal of improving the management of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhua Mu
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - Yaewon Kim
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - Andrew Riselli
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - David E. Korenchan
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - Robert A. Bok
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - Romelyn Delos Santos
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - Hecong Qin
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - Hao Nguyen
- Department
of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Jeremy W. Gordon
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - James Slater
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - Peder E. Z. Larson
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - Daniel B. Vigneron
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - David M. Wilson
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
| | - Robert R. Flavell
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94107, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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5
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Sharma G, Enriquez JS, Armijo R, Wang M, Bhattacharya P, Pudakalakatti S. Enhancing Cancer Diagnosis with Real-Time Feedback: Tumor Metabolism through Hyperpolarized 1- 13C Pyruvate MRSI. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050606. [PMID: 37233647 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article discusses the potential of hyperpolarized (HP) 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) as a noninvasive technique for identifying altered metabolism in various cancer types. Hyperpolarization significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio for the identification of 13C-labeled metabolites, enabling dynamic and real-time imaging of the conversion of [1-13C] pyruvate to [1-13C] lactate and/or [1-13C] alanine. The technique has shown promise in identifying upregulated glycolysis in most cancers, as compared to normal cells, and detecting successful treatment responses at an earlier stage than multiparametric MRI in breast and prostate cancer patients. The review provides a concise overview of the applications of HP [1-13C] pyruvate MRSI in various cancer systems, highlighting its potential for use in preclinical and clinical investigations, precision medicine, and long-term studies of therapeutic response. The article also discusses emerging frontiers in the field, such as combining multiple metabolic imaging techniques with HP MRSI for a more comprehensive view of cancer metabolism, and leveraging artificial intelligence to develop real-time, actionable biomarkers for early detection, assessing aggressiveness, and interrogating the early efficacy of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - José S Enriquez
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ryan Armijo
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
| | - Muxin Wang
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shivanand Pudakalakatti
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
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6
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Wei Y, Yang C, Jiang H, Li Q, Che F, Wan S, Yao S, Gao F, Zhang T, Wang J, Song B. Multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: state of the art and future directions. Insights Imaging 2022; 13:135. [PMID: 35976510 PMCID: PMC9382599 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-022-01262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of heteronuclear fluorine, sodium, phosphorus, and other probes and imaging technologies as well as the optimization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment and sequences, multi-nuclear magnetic resonance (multi-NMR) has enabled localize molecular activities in vivo that are central to a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative pathologies, metabolic diseases, kidney, and tumor, to shift from the traditional morphological imaging to the molecular imaging, precision diagnosis, and treatment mode. However, due to the low natural abundance and low gyromagnetic ratios, the clinical application of multi-NMR has been hampered. Several techniques have been developed to amplify the NMR sensitivity such as the dynamic nuclear polarization, spin-exchange optical pumping, and brute-force polarization. Meanwhile, a wide range of nuclei can be hyperpolarized, such as 2H, 3He, 13C, 15 N, 31P, and 129Xe. The signal can be increased and allows real-time observation of biological perfusion, metabolite transport, and metabolic reactions in vivo, overcoming the disadvantages of conventional magnetic resonance of low sensitivity. HP-NMR imaging of different nuclear substrates provides a unique opportunity and invention to map the metabolic changes in various organs without invasive procedures. This review aims to focus on the recent applications of multi-NMR technology not only in a range of preliminary animal experiments but also in various disease spectrum in human. Furthermore, we will discuss the future challenges and opportunities of this multi-NMR from a clinical perspective, in the hope of truly bridging the gap between cutting-edge molecular biology and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiwei Yang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Jiang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Che
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Wan
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Yao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Gao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazheng Wang
- Clinical & Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Radiology, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, China.
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7
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Agarwal S, Decavel-Bueff E, Wang YH, Qin H, Santos RD, Evans MJ, Sriram R. Defining the Magnetic Resonance Features of Renal Lesions and Their Response to Everolimus in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex. Front Oncol 2022; 12:851192. [PMID: 35814396 PMCID: PMC9260108 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.851192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an inherited genetic disorder characterized by mutations in TSC1 or TSC2 class of tumor suppressers which impact several organs including the kidney. The renal manifestations are usually in the form of angiomyolipoma (AML, in 80% of the cases) and cystadenomas. mTOR inhibitors such as rapamycin and everolimus have shown efficacy in reducing the renal tumor burden. Early treatment prevents the progression of AML; however, the tumors regrow upon cessation of therapy implying a lifelong need for monitoring and management of this morbid disease. There is a critical need for development of imaging strategies to monitor response to therapy and progression of disease which will also facilitate development of newer targeted therapy. In this study we evaluated the potential of multiparametric 1H magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) to monitor tumor response to therapy in a preclinical model of TSC, the transgenic mouse A/J Tsc2+/-. We found 2-dimensional T2-weighted sequence with 0.5 mm slice thickness to be optimal for detecting renal lesions as small as 0.016 mm3. Baseline characterization of lesions with MRI to assess physiological parameters such as cellularity and perfusion is critical for distinguishing between cystic and solid lesions. Everolimus treatment for three weeks maintained tumor growth at 36% from baseline, while control tumors displayed steady growth and were 70% larger than baseline at the end of therapy. Apparent diffusion coefficient, T1 values and normalized T2 intensity changes were also indictive of response to treatment. Our results indicate that standardization and implementation of improved MR imaging protocols will significantly enhance the utility of mpMRI in determining the severity and composition of renal lesions for better treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Agarwal
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Emilie Decavel-Bueff
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Yung-Hua Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Hecong Qin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Romelyn Delos Santos
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Michael J. Evans
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Renuka Sriram,
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8
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Sushentsev N, McLean MA, Warren AY, Benjamin AJV, Brodie C, Frary A, Gill AB, Jones J, Kaggie JD, Lamb BW, Locke MJ, Miller JL, Mills IG, Priest AN, Robb FJL, Shah N, Schulte RF, Graves MJ, Gnanapragasam VJ, Brindle KM, Barrett T, Gallagher FA. Hyperpolarised 13C-MRI identifies the emergence of a glycolytic cell population within intermediate-risk human prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:466. [PMID: 35075123 PMCID: PMC8786834 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarised magnetic resonance imaging (HP 13C-MRI) is an emerging clinical technique to detect [1-13C]lactate production in prostate cancer (PCa) following intravenous injection of hyperpolarised [1-13C]pyruvate. Here we differentiate clinically significant PCa from indolent disease in a low/intermediate-risk population by correlating [1-13C]lactate labelling on MRI with the percentage of Gleason pattern 4 (%GP4) disease. Using immunohistochemistry and spatial transcriptomics, we show that HP 13C-MRI predominantly measures metabolism in the epithelial compartment of the tumour, rather than the stroma. MRI-derived tumour [1-13C]lactate labelling correlated with epithelial mRNA expression of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA and LDHB combined), and the ratio of lactate transporter expression between the epithelial and stromal compartments (epithelium-to-stroma MCT4). We observe similar changes in MCT4, LDHA, and LDHB between tumours with primary Gleason patterns 3 and 4 in an independent TCGA cohort. Therefore, HP 13C-MRI can metabolically phenotype clinically significant disease based on underlying metabolic differences in the epithelial and stromal tumour compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sushentsev
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mary A McLean
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne Y Warren
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Arnold J V Benjamin
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cara Brodie
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amy Frary
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew B Gill
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julia Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joshua D Kaggie
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benjamin W Lamb
- Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- School of Allied Health, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew J Locke
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jodi L Miller
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian G Mills
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Andrew N Priest
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Nimish Shah
- Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Martin J Graves
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vincent J Gnanapragasam
- Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Urology Translational Research and Clinical Trials Office, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tristan Barrett
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Ursprung S, Woitek R, McLean MA, Priest AN, Crispin-Ortuzar M, Brodie CR, Gill AB, Gehrung M, Beer L, Riddick ACP, Field-Rayner J, Grist JT, Deen SS, Riemer F, Kaggie JD, Zaccagna F, Duarte JAG, Locke MJ, Frary A, Aho TF, Armitage JN, Casey R, Mendichovszky IA, Welsh SJ, Barrett T, Graves MJ, Eisen T, Mitchell TJ, Warren AY, Brindle KM, Sala E, Stewart GD, Gallagher FA. Hyperpolarized 13C-Pyruvate Metabolism as a Surrogate for Tumor Grade and Poor Outcome in Renal Cell Carcinoma-A Proof of Principle Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:335. [PMID: 35053497 PMCID: PMC8773685 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiating aggressive clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) from indolent lesions is challenging using conventional imaging. This work prospectively compared the metabolic imaging phenotype of renal tumors using carbon-13 MRI following injection of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate (HP-13C-MRI) and validated these findings with histopathology. Nine patients with treatment-naïve renal tumors (6 ccRCCs, 1 liposarcoma, 1 pheochromocytoma, 1 oncocytoma) underwent pre-operative HP-13C-MRI and conventional proton (1H) MRI. Multi-regional tissue samples were collected using patient-specific 3D-printed tumor molds for spatial registration between imaging and molecular analysis. The apparent exchange rate constant (kPL) between 13C-pyruvate and 13C-lactate was calculated. Immunohistochemistry for the pyruvate transporter (MCT1) from 44 multi-regional samples, as well as associations between MCT1 expression and outcome in the TCGA-KIRC dataset, were investigated. Increasing kPL in ccRCC was correlated with increasing overall tumor grade (ρ = 0.92, p = 0.009) and MCT1 expression (r = 0.89, p = 0.016), with similar results acquired from the multi-regional analysis. Conventional 1H-MRI parameters did not discriminate tumor grades. The correlation between MCT1 and ccRCC grade was confirmed within a TCGA dataset (p < 0.001), where MCT1 expression was a predictor of overall and disease-free survival. In conclusion, metabolic imaging using HP-13C-MRI differentiates tumor aggressiveness in ccRCC and correlates with the expression of MCT1, a predictor of survival. HP-13C-MRI may non-invasively characterize metabolic phenotypes within renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Ursprung
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Ramona Woitek
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Mary A. McLean
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Andrew N. Priest
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Mireia Crispin-Ortuzar
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Cara R. Brodie
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Andrew B. Gill
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Marcel Gehrung
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Lucian Beer
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Antony C. P. Riddick
- Department of Urology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.C.P.R.); (T.F.A.); (J.N.A.)
| | - Johanna Field-Rayner
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - James T. Grist
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Surrin S. Deen
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Frank Riemer
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Joshua D. Kaggie
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Fulvio Zaccagna
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Joao A. G. Duarte
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Matthew J. Locke
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Amy Frary
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Tevita F. Aho
- Department of Urology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.C.P.R.); (T.F.A.); (J.N.A.)
| | - James N. Armitage
- Department of Urology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.C.P.R.); (T.F.A.); (J.N.A.)
| | - Ruth Casey
- Department of Endocrinology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Iosif A. Mendichovszky
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Sarah J. Welsh
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tristan Barrett
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Martin J. Graves
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Tim Eisen
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Thomas J. Mitchell
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Urology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.C.P.R.); (T.F.A.); (J.N.A.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1RQ, UK
| | - Anne Y. Warren
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Pathology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Kevin M. Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Evis Sala
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Grant D. Stewart
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Urology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.C.P.R.); (T.F.A.); (J.N.A.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ferdia A. Gallagher
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
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Fiedorowicz M, Wieteska M, Rylewicz K, Kossowski B, Piątkowska-Janko E, Czarnecka AM, Toczylowska B, Bogorodzki P. Hyperpolarized 13C tracers: Technical advancements and perspectives for clinical applications. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Nguyen NT, Bae EH, Do LN, Nguyen TA, Park I, Shin SS. In Vivo Assessment of Metabolic Abnormality in Alport Syndrome Using Hyperpolarized [1- 13C] Pyruvate MR Spectroscopic Imaging. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11040222. [PMID: 33917329 PMCID: PMC8067337 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11040222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alport Syndrome (AS) is a genetic disorder characterized by impaired kidney function. The development of a noninvasive tool for early diagnosis and monitoring of renal function during disease progression is of clinical importance. Hyperpolarized 13C MRI is an emerging technique that enables non-invasive, real-time measurement of in vivo metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using this technique for assessing changes in renal metabolism in the mouse model of AS. Mice with AS demonstrated a significant reduction in the level of lactate from 4- to 7-week-old, while the levels of lactate were unchanged in the control mice over time. This reduction in lactate production in the AS group accompanied a significant increase of PEPCK expression levels, indicating that the disease progression in AS triggered the gluconeogenic pathway and might have resulted in a decreased lactate pool size and a subsequent reduction in pyruvate-to-lactate conversion. Additional metabolic imaging parameters, including the level of lactate and pyruvate, were found to be different between the AS and control groups. These preliminary results suggest that hyperpolarized 13C MRI might provide a potential noninvasive tool for the characterization of disease progression in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen-Trong Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Korea;
| | - Eun-Hui Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea;
| | - Luu-Ngoc Do
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (L.-N.D.); (T.-A.N.)
| | - Tien-Anh Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (L.-N.D.); (T.-A.N.)
| | - Ilwoo Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (L.-N.D.); (T.-A.N.)
- Department of Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (S.-S.S.); Tel.: +82-62-220-5744 (I.P.); +82-62-220-5882 (S.-S.S.)
| | - Sang-Soo Shin
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (L.-N.D.); (T.-A.N.)
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (S.-S.S.); Tel.: +82-62-220-5744 (I.P.); +82-62-220-5882 (S.-S.S.)
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Svyatova A, Kozinenko VP, Chukanov NV, Burueva DB, Chekmenev EY, Chen YW, Hwang DW, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV. PHIP hyperpolarized [1- 13C]pyruvate and [1- 13C]acetate esters via PH-INEPT polarization transfer monitored by 13C NMR and MRI. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5646. [PMID: 33707497 PMCID: PMC7952547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Parahydrogen-induced polarization of 13C nuclei by side-arm hydrogenation (PHIP-SAH) for [1-13C]acetate and [1-13C]pyruvate esters with application of PH-INEPT-type pulse sequences for 1H to 13C polarization transfer is reported, and its efficiency is compared with that of polarization transfer based on magnetic field cycling (MFC). The pulse-sequence transfer approach may have its merits in some applications because the entire hyperpolarization procedure is implemented directly in an NMR or MRI instrument, whereas MFC requires a controlled field variation at low magnetic fields. Optimization of the PH-INEPT-type transfer sequences resulted in 13C polarization values of 0.66 ± 0.04% and 0.19 ± 0.02% for allyl [1-13C]pyruvate and ethyl [1-13C]acetate, respectively, which is lower than the corresponding polarization levels obtained with MFC for 1H to 13C polarization transfer (3.95 ± 0.05% and 0.65 ± 0.05% for allyl [1-13C]pyruvate and ethyl [1-13C]acetate, respectively). Nevertheless, a significant 13C NMR signal enhancement with respect to thermal polarization allowed us to perform 13C MR imaging of both biologically relevant hyperpolarized molecules which can be used to produce useful contrast agents for the in vivo imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Svyatova
- grid.419389.e0000 0001 2163 7228International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090 ,grid.4605.70000000121896553Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090 ,grid.418953.2Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 10 Ac. Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
| | - Vitaly P. Kozinenko
- grid.419389.e0000 0001 2163 7228International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090 ,grid.4605.70000000121896553Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
| | - Nikita V. Chukanov
- grid.419389.e0000 0001 2163 7228International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090 ,grid.4605.70000000121896553Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
| | - Dudari B. Burueva
- grid.419389.e0000 0001 2163 7228International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090 ,grid.4605.70000000121896553Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- grid.254444.70000 0001 1456 7807Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201 USA ,grid.254444.70000 0001 1456 7807Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201 USA ,grid.254444.70000 0001 1456 7807Integrative Biosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201 USA ,grid.4886.20000 0001 2192 9124Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 119991
| | - Yu-Wen Chen
- grid.28665.3f0000 0001 2287 1366Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Dennis W. Hwang
- grid.28665.3f0000 0001 2287 1366Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- grid.419389.e0000 0001 2163 7228International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090 ,grid.4605.70000000121896553Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- grid.419389.e0000 0001 2163 7228International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
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Ahamed F, Van Criekinge M, Wang ZJ, Kurhanewicz J, Larson P, Sriram R. Modeling hyperpolarized lactate signal dynamics in cells, patient-derived tissue slice cultures and murine models. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4467. [PMID: 33415771 PMCID: PMC8423093 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Determining the aggressiveness of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) noninvasively is a critical part of the diagnostic workup for treating this disease that kills more than 15,000 people annually in the USA. Recently, we have shown that not only the amount of lactate produced, as a consequence of the Warburg effect, but also its efflux out of the cell, is a critical marker of RCC aggressiveness and differentiating RCCs from benign renal tumors. Enzymatic conversions can now be measured in situ with hyperpolarized (HP) 13 C magnetic resonance (MR) on a sub-minute time scale. Using RCC models, we have shown that this technology can interrogate in real time both lactate production and compartmentalization, which are associated with tumor aggressiveness. The dynamic HP MR data have enabled us to robustly characterize parameters that have been elusive to measure directly in intact living cells and murine tumors thus far. Specifically, we were able to measure the same intracellular lactate longitudinal relaxation time in three RCC cell lines of 16.42 s, and lactate efflux rate ranging from 0.14 to 0.8 s-1 in the least to the most aggressive RCC cell lines and correlate it to monocarboxylate transporter isoform 4 expression. We also analyzed dynamic HP lactate and pyruvate data from orthotopic murine RCC tumors using a simplified one-compartment model, and showed comparable apparent pyruvate to lactate conversion rate (kPL ) values with those measured in vitro. This kinetic modeling was then extended to characterize the lactate dynamics in patient-derived living RCC tissue slices; and even without direct measurement of the extracellular lactate signal the efflux parameter was still assessed and was distinct between the benign renal tumors and RCCs. Across all these preclinical models, the rate parameters of kPL and lactate efflux correlated to cancer aggressiveness, demonstrating the validity of our modeling approach for noninvasive assessment of RCC aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayyaz Ahamed
- University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Mark Van Criekinge
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Zhen J. Wang
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peder Larson
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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14
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Tumor Microenvironment Biosensors for Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 23:323-334. [PMID: 33415679 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01570-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization (HP) of a carbon-13 molecule via dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) involves polarization at low temperature, followed by a dissolution procedure producing a solution with highly polarized spins at room temperature. This dissolution DNP method significantly increases the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) over 10,000-fold and facilitates the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to image not only metabolism but also the extracellular microenvironment. The extracellular tumor microenvironment (TME) closely interacts with tumor cells and stimulates their growth and metastasis. Thus, the ability to detect pathological changes in the TME is pivotal for the detection and study of cancers. This review highlights the potential use of MRS to study features of the TME-elevated export of lactate, reduced interstitial pH, imbalanced redox equilibrium, and altered metal homeostasis. The promising outcomes of both in vitro and in vivo assays suggest that DNP-MRS may be a useful technique to study aspects of the TME. With continued improvements, this tool has the potential to study the TME and provide guidance for accurate patient stratification and precise personal therapy. Graphical Abstract.
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Sobczuk P, Brodziak A, Khan MI, Chhabra S, Fiedorowicz M, Wełniak-Kamińska M, Synoradzki K, Bartnik E, Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska A, Czarnecka AM. Choosing The Right Animal Model for Renal Cancer Research. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100745. [PMID: 32092671 PMCID: PMC7036425 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in the life expectancy of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the last decade is due to changes that have occurred in the area of preclinical studies. Understanding cancer pathophysiology and the emergence of new therapeutic options, including immunotherapy, would not be possible without proper research. Before new approaches to disease treatment are developed and introduced into clinical practice they must be preceded by preclinical tests, in which animal studies play a significant role. This review describes the progress in animal model development in kidney cancer research starting from the oldest syngeneic or chemically-induced models, through genetically modified mice, finally to xenograft, especially patient-derived, avatar and humanized mouse models. As there are a number of subtypes of RCC, our aim is to help to choose the right animal model for a particular kidney cancer subtype. The data on genetic backgrounds, biochemical parameters, histology, different stages of carcinogenesis and metastasis in various animal models of RCC as well as their translational relevance are summarized. Moreover, we shed some light on imaging methods, which can help define tumor microstructure, assist in the analysis of its metabolic changes and track metastasis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Sobczuk
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Brodziak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mohammed Imran Khan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Stuti Chhabra
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
| | - Michał Fiedorowicz
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marlena Wełniak-Kamińska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamil Synoradzki
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Bartnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna M Czarnecka
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
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Elevated Tumor Lactate and Efflux in High-grade Prostate Cancer demonstrated by Hyperpolarized 13C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Prostate Tissue Slice Cultures. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030537. [PMID: 32110965 PMCID: PMC7139946 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive assessment of the biological aggressiveness of prostate cancer (PCa) is needed for men with localized disease. Hyperpolarized (HP) 13C magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy is a powerful approach to image metabolism, specifically the conversion of HP [1-13C]pyruvate to [1-13C]lactate, catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Significant increase in tumor lactate was measured in high-grade PCa relative to benign and low-grade cancer, suggesting that HP 13C MR could distinguish low-risk (Gleason score ≤3 + 4) from high-risk (Gleason score ≥4 + 3) PCa. To test this and the ability of HP 13C MR to detect these metabolic changes, we cultured prostate tissues in an MR-compatible bioreactor under continuous perfusion. 31P spectra demonstrated good viability and dynamic HP 13C-pyruvate MR demonstrated that high-grade PCa had significantly increased lactate efflux compared to low-grade PCa and benign prostate tissue. These metabolic differences are attributed to significantly increased LDHA expression and LDH activity, as well as significantly increased monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) expression in high- versus low- grade PCa. Moreover, lactate efflux, LDH activity, and MCT4 expression were not different between low-grade PCa and benign prostate tissues, indicating that these metabolic alterations are specific for high-grade disease. These distinctive metabolic alterations can be used to differentiate high-grade PCa from low-grade PCa and benign prostate tissues using clinically translatable HP [1-13C]pyruvate MR.
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Pedersen M, Ursprung S, Jensen JD, Jespersen B, Gallagher F, Laustsen C. Hyperpolarised 13C-MRI metabolic and functional imaging: an emerging renal MR diagnostic modality. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 33:23-32. [PMID: 31782036 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-019-00801-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a well-established modality for assessing renal morphology and function, as well as changes that occur during disease. However, the significant metabolic changes associated with renal disease are more challenging to assess with MRI. Hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI is an emerging technique which provides an opportunity to probe metabolic alterations at high sensitivity by providing an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio of 20,000-fold or more. This review will highlight the current status of hyperpolarised 13C-MRI and its translation into the clinic and how it compares to metabolic measurements provided by competing technologies such as positron emission tomography (PET).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephan Ursprung
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jens Dam Jensen
- Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bente Jespersen
- Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ferdia Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
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Targeting uptake transporters for cancer imaging and treatment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:79-90. [PMID: 31993308 PMCID: PMC6977162 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells reprogram their gene expression to promote growth, survival, proliferation, and invasiveness. The unique expression of certain uptake transporters in cancers and their innate function to concentrate small molecular substrates in cells make them ideal targets for selective delivering imaging and therapeutic agents into cancer cells. In this review, we focus on several solute carrier (SLC) transporters known to be involved in transporting clinically used radiopharmaceutical agents into cancer cells, including the sodium/iodine symporter (NIS), norepinephrine transporter (NET), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). The molecular and functional characteristics of these transporters are reviewed with special emphasis on their specific expressions in cancers and interaction with imaging or theranostic agents [e.g., I-123, I-131, 123I-iobenguane (mIBG), 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and 13C pyruvate]. Current clinical applications and research areas of these transporters in cancer diagnosis and treatment are discussed. Finally, we offer our views on emerging opportunities and challenges in targeting transporters for cancer imaging and treatment. By analyzing the few clinically successful examples, we hope much interest can be garnered in cancer research towards uptake transporters and their potential applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Key Words
- CT, computed tomography
- Cancer imaging
- DDI, drug–drug interaction
- DTC, differentiated thyroid cancer
- FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administrations
- FDG, fluorodeoxyglucose
- GLUT, glucose transporter
- IAEA, the International Atomic Energy Agency
- LACC, locally advanced cervical cancer
- LAT, large amino acid transporter
- MCT, monocarboxylate transporter
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- NE, norepinephrine
- NET, norepinephrine transporter
- NIS, sodium/iodine symporter
- Neuroblastoma
- OCT, organic cation transporter
- PET, positron emission tomography
- PHEO, pheochromocytoma
- RA, retinoic acid
- RET, rearranged during transfection
- SLC, solute carrier
- SPECT, single-photon emission computed tomography
- SUV, standardized uptake value
- TFB, tetrafluoroborate
- TSH, thyroid stimulating hormones
- Thyroid cancer
- Uptake transporter
- Warburg effect
- mIBG
- mIBG, iobenguane/meta-iodobenzylguanidine
- vHL, von Hippel-Lindau
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Graybiel CE, Flavell RR, Wang ZJ, Behr SC. Molecular Imaging of Renal Malignancy: A Review. CURRENT RADIOLOGY REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40134-019-0320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Bancroft Brown J, Sriram R, VanCriekinge M, Delos Santos R, Sun J, Delos Santos J, Tabatabai ZL, Shinohara K, Nguyen H, Peehl DM, Kurhanewicz J. NMR quantification of lactate production and efflux and glutamate fractional enrichment in living human prostate biopsies cultured with [1,6- 13 C 2 ]glucose. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:566-576. [PMID: 30924180 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Image-guided prostate biopsies are routinely acquired in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of prostate cancer, yielding useful tissue for identifying metabolic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We developed an optimized biopsy tissue culture protocol in combination with [1,6-13 C2 ]glucose labeling and quantitative high-resolution NMR to measure glycolysis and tricarboxcylic acid (TCA) cycle activity in freshly acquired living human prostate biopsies. METHODS We acquired 34 MRI-ultrasound fusion-guided prostate biopsies in vials on ice from 22 previously untreated patients. Within 15 min, biopsies were transferred to rotary tissue culture in 37°C prostate medium containing [1,6-13 C2 ]glucose. Following 24 h of culture, tissue lactate and glutamate pool sizes and fractional enrichments were quantified using quantitative 1 H high resolution magic angle spinning Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) spectroscopy at 1°C with and without 13 C decoupling. Lactate effluxed from the biopsy tissue was quantified in the culture medium using quantitative solution-state high-resolution NMR. RESULTS Lactate concentration in low-grade cancer (1.15 ± 0.78 nmol/mg) and benign (0.74 ± 0.15 nmol/mg) biopsies agreed with prior published measurements of snap-frozen biopsies. There was substantial fractional enrichment of [3-13 C]lactate (≈70%) and [4-13 C]glutamate (≈24%) in both low-grade cancer and benign biopsies. Although a significant difference in tissue [3-13 C]lactate fractional enrichment was not observed, lactate efflux was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in low-grade cancer biopsies (0.55 ± 0.14 nmol/min/mg) versus benign biopsies (0.31 ± 0.04 nmol/min/mg). CONCLUSION A protocol was developed for quantification of lactate production-efflux and TCA cycle activity in single living human prostate biopsies, allowing metabolic labeling on a wide spectrum of human tissues (e.g., metastatic, post-non-surgical therapy) from patients not receiving surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Bancroft Brown
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Mark VanCriekinge
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Romelyn Delos Santos
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jinny Sun
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Justin Delos Santos
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Z Laura Tabatabai
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Katsuto Shinohara
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Hao Nguyen
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Donna M Peehl
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
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