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Anker-Hansen C, Pirouzifard M, Memon A, Sundquist J, Sundquist K, Zöller B. Mitochondria-DNA copy-number in osteoporosis and osteoarthritis among middle-aged women - A population-based cohort study. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2024; 6:100501. [PMID: 39101051 PMCID: PMC11295846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is associated with aging. A relationship between mtDNA-CN and degenerative disorders, e.g. osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP), has been suggested. We aimed to investigate the relationship of mtDNA-CN and incident OA and OP. Materials and methods MtDNA-CN was studied in relationship to incident OA and OP in a population-based cohort study of 6916 middle-aged women (52-63 years). Totally 2521 women with sufficient quality of mtDNA were analyzed. After exclusions, 1978 women remained in the study population. Four different endpoints obtained from the National Patient register were studied: 1) OA, 2) OP 3) OA surgery, and 4) OP fracture. In the multivariate model adjustments were made for potential OA and OP risk factors. Results Women with low mtDNA-CN were older and had more activity at work. 125 women (6.32%) were affected by incident OP and 254 women (12.84%) had an OP fracture. Incident OA affected 451 women (22.80%) and 175 women (8.85%) had OA surgery. There were no associations between mtDNA-CN and incident risk of OA (Hazard ratio = 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.83-1.20), OA surgery (0.79, 0.58-1.07), OP (0.89, 0.62-1.27), or OP fracture (1.00, 0.78-1.29). However, incident OP was significantly associated with T-score (bone density), smoking, diabetes mellitus, and chronic obstructive bronchitis (COPD). OA was associated with body mass index and COPD. Conclusions The present study suggests that mtDNA-CN, reflecting mitochondrial dysfunction, is not a major predictor for incident OA or OP. However, due to the limited study size minor associations cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - MirNabi Pirouzifard
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ashfaque Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bengt Zöller
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
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Cai X, Liang C, Zhang M, Dong Z, Weng Y, Yu W. Mitochondrial DNA copy number and cancer risks: A comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1504-1513. [PMID: 38151753 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of cancer. However, the associations between mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and cancer risk are controversial. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed using three independent instrumental variables (IVs) to explore potential associations between mtDNA-CN and 20 types of cancer. The three sets of IVs were primarily obtained from participants in the UK Biobank and the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium using different methods. The outcome data of cancers were investigated using summary statistics from the FinnGen cohort. The potential causal associations were evaluated using the MR-Egger regression, weighted median, inverse-variance weighted (IVW), and weighted mode methods. The robustness of IVW estimates was validated using leave-one-out sensitivity analysis. Additionally, a meta-analysis was conducted to pool results from three sets of IVs. The results revealed that genetically predicted mtDNA-CN was not associated with cancer risk (odds ratio = 1.02; 95% confidence interval: 0.95-1.10). Subgroup analyses indicated no causal association between mtDNA-CN and breast, lung, prostate, skin, colorectal, gastric, liver, cervical uteri, esophageal, thyroid, bladder, pancreas, kidney, corpus uteri, ovary, brain, larynx, and anus cancers. It was observed that mtDNA-CN was associated with lip, oral cavity, and testis cancers. However, these results should be interpreted with caution because a small number of patients with lip and oral cavity or testis cancers were included. The comprehensive MR analysis demonstrated that mtDNA-CN is not a suitable biomarker for tumor risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlei Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaozun Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhebin Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihui Weng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiming Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Lihuili Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo University (Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital), Zhejiang, China
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Mishra S, Stukken CVD, Drury S, Nawrot TS, Martens DS. Prenatal air pollution exposure in relation to the telomere-mitochondrial axis of aging at birth: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 244:117990. [PMID: 38141917 PMCID: PMC10922941 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are central markers of vital biological mechanisms, including cellular aging. Prenatal air pollution exposure may impact molecular markers of aging leading to adverse health effects. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review on human population-based studies investigating the association between prenatal air pollution exposure and TL or mtDNA content at birth. METHODOLOGY Searches were undertaken on PubMed and Web of Science until July 2023. The framework of the review was based on the PRISMA-P guidelines. RESULTS Nineteen studies studied prenatal air pollution and TL or mtDNA content at birth. Studies investigating TL or mtDNA content measured at any other time or did not evaluate prenatal air pollution were excluded. Twelve studies (including 4381 participants with study sample range: 97 to 743 participants) investigated newborn TL and eight studies (including 3081 participants with study sample range: 120 to 743 participants) investigated mtDNA content at birth. Seven studies focused on particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and newborn TL of which all, except two, showed an inverse association in at least one of the gestational trimesters. Of the eight studies on mtDNA content, four focused on PM2.5 air pollution with two of them reporting an inverse association. For PM2.5 exposure, observations on trimester-specific effects were inconsistent. Current literature showing associations with other prenatal air pollutants (including nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and ozone) is inconsistent. CONCLUSION This review provides initial evidence that prenatal PM2.5 exposure impacts the telomere-mitochondrial axis of aging at birth. The current evidence did not reveal harmonious observations for trimester-specific associations nor showed consistent effects of other air pollutants. Future studies should elucidate the specific contribution of prenatal exposure to pollutants other than PM in relation to TL and mtDNA content at birth, and the potential later life health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Mishra
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Stacy Drury
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dries S Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
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Li Y, Sundquist K, Vats S, Hong MG, Wang X, Chen Y, Hedelius A, Saal LH, Sundquist J, Memon AA. Mitochondrial heteroplasmic shifts reveal a positive selection of breast cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:696. [PMID: 37798736 PMCID: PMC10557196 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04534-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is, despite screening, not always detected early enough and is together with other tumor types known to shed genetic information in circulation. Unlike single-copy nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies range from 100s to 10,000s per cell, thus providing a potentially alternative to identify potential missing cancer information in circulation at an early stage. METHODS To characterize mitochondrial mutation landscapes in breast cancer, whole mtDNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were performed on 86 breast cancer biopsies and 50 available matched baseline cancer-free whole blood samples from the same individuals, selected from a cohort of middle-aged women in Sweden. To determine whether the mutations can be detected in blood plasma prior to cancer diagnosis, we further designed a nested case-control study (n = 663) and validated the shortlisted mutations using droplet digital PCR. RESULTS We detected different mutation landscapes between biopsies and matched whole blood samples. Compared to whole blood samples, mtDNA from biopsies had higher heteroplasmic mutations in the D-loop region (P = 0.02), RNR2 (P = 0.005), COX1 (P = 0.037) and CYTB (P = 0.006). Furthermore, the germline mtDNA mutations had higher heteroplasmy level than the lost (P = 0.002) and de novo mutations (P = 0.04). The nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution ratio (dN/dS) was higher for the heteroplasmic mutations (P = 7.25 × 10-12) than that for the homoplasmic mutations, but the de novo (P = 0.06) and lost mutations (P = 0.03) had lower dN/dS than the germline mutations. Interestingly, we found that the critical regions for mitochondrial transcription: MT-HSP1 (odds ratio [OR]: 21.41), MT-TFH (OR: 7.70) and MT-TAS2 (OR: 3.62), had significantly higher heteroplasmic mutations than the rest of the D-loop sub-regions. Finally, we found that the presence of mt.16093T > C mutation increases 67% risk of developing breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that mitochondrial genetic landscape changes during cancer pathogenesis and positive selection of mtDNA heteroplasmic mutations in breast cancer. Most importantly, the mitochondrial mutations identified in biopsies can be traced back in matched plasma samples and could potentially be used as early breast cancer diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Li
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden.
- Center for Primary Health Care Research Wallenberg Laboratory, Skåne University Hospital, 5th floor, Inga Marie Nilssons gata 53, S-205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Functional Pathology, Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Sakshi Vats
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mun-Gwan Hong
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Xiao Wang
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yilun Chen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Hedelius
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lao H Saal
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Functional Pathology, Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Ashfaque A Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
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Ochi S, Roy B, Prall K, Shelton RC, Dwivedi Y. Strong associations of telomere length and mitochondrial copy number with suicidality and abuse history in adolescent depressed individuals. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3920-3929. [PMID: 37735501 PMCID: PMC10730407 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in adolescents and is a major risk factor for suicidality. Recent evidence shows that accelerated cellular senescence/aging is associated with psychiatric illness, including depression, in adults. The present study examined if the relationships of telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), two critical indicators of cellular senescence/aging, are altered in depressed adolescents and whether these alterations are associated with suicidality, early-life adversities, and other co-occuring factors. In genomic DNA isolated from 53 adolescents (ages 16-19, 19 MDD with suicide attempt/suicidal ideation [MDD + SI/SA], 14 MDD without SA/SI [MDD-SI/SA], and 20 healthy controls [HC]), TL and mtDNAcn were measured as the ratio between the number of telomere repeats and that of a single-copy nuclear-hemoglobin [HBG] gene or the amount of mtDNA (NADH dehydrogenase, subunit 1) relative to HBG. Our data show that TL was significantly lower, and mtDNAcn was significantly higher in the total MDD group than HC. TL was significantly lower and mtDNAcn was significantly higher in the MDD + SA/SI group than in the HC, whereas there were no differences in the MDD-SI/SA group. TL was positively correlated with mtDNAcn in both HC and MDD-SA/SI groups; however, TL was negatively correlated with mtDNAcn in MDD + SA/SI. Furthermore, TL was negatively correlated with the severity of both depression and anxiety, while mtDNAcn was positively correlated with the severity of prior emotional abuse. Our study indicates that cellular senescence is more advanced in depressed adolescents with suicidal ideation and that childhood emotional abuse may participate in such a process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Ochi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Bhaskar Roy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kevin Prall
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Richard C Shelton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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6
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Campolo J, Borghini A, Parolini M, Mercuri A, Turchi S, Andreassi MG. Clinical and Biological Predictors of Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11091. [PMID: 37446269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical and epidemiological evidence has recently revealed a link between coronary artery disease (CAD) and cancer. Shared risk factors and common biological pathways are probably involved in both pathological conditions. The aim of this paper was to evaluate whether and which conventional risk factors and novel circulating biomarkers could predict cancer incidence and death in patients with CAD. The study included 750 CAD patients, who underwent blood sampling for the evaluation of systemic inflammatory indexes (NLR and SII) and specific biomarkers of oxidative damage (leukocyte telomere length (LTL), mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn)). Study participants were followed up for a mean of 5.4 ± 1.2 years. Sixty-seven patients (8.9%) developed cancer during the follow-up time, and nineteen (2.5%) died of cancer. Cox multivariable analysis revealed that age (HR = 1.071; 95% CI: 1.034-1.109; p < 0.001), smoking habit (HR = 1.994; 95% CI: 1.140-3.488; p = 0.016), obesity (HR = 1.708; 95% CI: 1.022-2.854; p = 0.041) and SII (HR = 1.002; 95% CI: 1.001-1.003; p = 0.045) were associated with cancer incidence, while only age (HR = 1.132; 95% CI: 1.052-1.219; p = 0.001) was a predictor of cancer death. Patients with lung and gastrointestinal cancers had significantly higher median mtDNAcn levels than those without cancer. Our study suggests that aggressive risk factor modification and suppression of chronic inflammation may be essential to preventing cancer in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonica Campolo
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marina Parolini
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
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Malyutina S, Maximov V, Chervova O, Orlov P, Ivanova A, Mazdorova E, Ryabikov A, Simonova G, Voevoda M. The Relationship between All-Cause Natural Mortality and Copy Number of Mitochondrial DNA in a 15-Year Follow-Up Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10469. [PMID: 37445647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We explored the relationship between the copy number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA-CN) and all-cause natural mortality. We examined a random population sample in 2003/2005 (n = 9360, men/women, 45-69, the HAPIEE project) and followed up for 15 years. Using a nested case-control design, we selected non-external deaths among those free from baseline cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer (n = 371), and a sex- and age-stratified control (n = 785). The odds ratios (ORs) of death were 1.06 (95%CI 1.01-1.11) per one-decile decrease in mtDNA-CN independent of age, sex, metabolic factors, smoking, alcohol intake and education. The age-sex-adjusted ORs of death in the second and first tertiles of mtDNA-CN vs. the top tertile were 2.35 (95% CI 1.70-3.26) and 1.59 (1.16-2.17); an increased risk was confined to the second tertile after controlling for smoking and metabolic factors. The multivariable-adjusted OR of CVD death was 1.92 (95% CI 1.18-3.15) in tertile 2 vs. the top tertile of mtDNA-CN, and for cancer-related death the ORs were 3.66 (95% CI 2.21-6.05) and 2.29 (95% CI 1.43-3.68) in tertiles 2 and 1 vs. the top tertile. In the Siberian population cohort, the mtDNA-CN was an inverse predictor of the 15-year risk of natural mortality, due to the greatest impact of CVD and cancer-related death. The findings merit attention for exploring further the role of mtDNA in human ageing and the diversity of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Malyutina
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Vladimir Maximov
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Olga Chervova
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Pavel Orlov
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Ivanova
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Mazdorova
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Andrew Ryabikov
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Galina Simonova
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Mikhail Voevoda
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
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Rickard BP, Overchuk M, Chappell VA, Kemal Ruhi M, Sinawang PD, Nguyen Hoang TT, Akin D, Demirci U, Franco W, Fenton SE, Santos JH, Rizvi I. Methods to Evaluate Changes in Mitochondrial Structure and Function in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2564. [PMID: 37174030 PMCID: PMC10177605 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are regulators of key cellular processes, including energy production and redox homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with various human diseases, including cancer. Importantly, both structural and functional changes can alter mitochondrial function. Morphologic and quantifiable changes in mitochondria can affect their function and contribute to disease. Structural mitochondrial changes include alterations in cristae morphology, mitochondrial DNA integrity and quantity, and dynamics, such as fission and fusion. Functional parameters related to mitochondrial biology include the production of reactive oxygen species, bioenergetic capacity, calcium retention, and membrane potential. Although these parameters can occur independently of one another, changes in mitochondrial structure and function are often interrelated. Thus, evaluating changes in both mitochondrial structure and function is crucial to understanding the molecular events involved in disease onset and progression. This review focuses on the relationship between alterations in mitochondrial structure and function and cancer, with a particular emphasis on gynecologic malignancies. Selecting methods with tractable parameters may be critical to identifying and targeting mitochondria-related therapeutic options. Methods to measure changes in mitochondrial structure and function, with the associated benefits and limitations, are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany P. Rickard
- Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Marta Overchuk
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Vesna A. Chappell
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Mustafa Kemal Ruhi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey
| | - Prima Dewi Sinawang
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tina Thuy Nguyen Hoang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Demir Akin
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence for Translational Diagnostics (CCNE-TD), School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Walfre Franco
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Suzanne E. Fenton
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Janine H. Santos
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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9
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Lehle S, Emons J, Hack CC, Heindl F, Hein A, Preuß C, Seitz K, Zahn AL, Beckmann MW, Fasching PA, Ruebner M, Huebner H. Evaluation of automated techniques for extraction of circulating cell-free DNA for implementation in standardized high-throughput workflows. Sci Rep 2023; 13:373. [PMID: 36611077 PMCID: PMC9825368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) is a suitable tool for detecting somatic mutations for the purpose of making decisions on treatment, monitoring treatment response, and predicting survival. High-throughput techniques for ccfDNA extraction are essential to implementing ccfDNA testing in the clinical setting. We set out to compare two automated techniques with regard to hands-on time, ccfDNA output and integrity, and circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). CcfDNA was isolated using the EZ1&2 ccfDNA field test kit (EZ2 kit, QIAGEN) and the Maxwell RSC ccfDNA plasma kit (Maxwell kit, Promega). DNA was extracted from plasma of 30 breast cancer patients enrolled in the iMODE-B (#325_19B; 12.10.2020) study. Real-time PCR, fluorescence-based detection and automated electrophoresis were used to assess ccfDNA concentrations. The ccfDNA yield was significantly higher when extracted with the EZ2 kit. The EZ2 kit enabled the isolation of a higher proportion of short fragments and a lower proportion of long fragments, resulting in lower DNA integrity. Significantly lower mtDNA quantities were detected in the Maxwell eluate than in the EZ2 eluate. Thus, decisions on which extraction method to use should proceed on the basis of the required input for downstream applications, the anticipated fragment size and minimum hands-on time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lehle
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julius Emons
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carolin C. Hack
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix Heindl
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Hein
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caroline Preuß
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katharina Seitz
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna L. Zahn
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Ruebner
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hanna Huebner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstrasse 21-23, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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Memon AA, Vats S, Sundquist J, Li Y, Sundquist K. Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number: Linking Diabetes and Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:1168-1190. [PMID: 36169625 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent Advances: Various studies have suggested that mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN), a surrogate biomarker of mitochondrial dysfunction, is an easily quantifiable biomarker for chronic diseases, including diabetes and cancer. However, current knowledge is limited, and the results are controversial. This has been attributed mainly to methodology and study design. Critical Issues: The incidence of diabetes and cancer has increased significantly in recent years. Moreover, type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been shown to be a risk factor for cancer. mtDNA-CN has been associated with both T2D and cancer. However, it is not known whether mtDNA-CN plays any role in the association between T2D and cancer. Significance: In this review, we have discussed mtDNA-CN in diabetes and cancer, and reviewed the literature and methodology used in published studies so far. Based on the literature review, we have speculated how mtDNA-CN may act as a link between diabetes and cancer. Furthermore, we have provided some recommendations for reliable translation of mtDNA-CN as a biomarker. Future Directions: Further research is required to elucidate the role of mtDNA-CN in the association between T2D and cancer. If established, early lifestyle interventions, such as physical activity and diet control that improve mitochondrial function, may help preventing cancer in patients with T2D. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 1168-1190.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaque A Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sakshi Vats
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yanni Li
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
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Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Wang X, Palmer K, Memon AA. Baseline mitochondrial DNA copy number and heart failure incidence and its role in overall and heart failure mortality in middle-aged women. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1012403. [PMID: 36440036 PMCID: PMC9685522 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1012403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of death in both men and women. However, risk factors seem to differ for men and women and significant gaps in sex-specific knowledge exist. Mitochondria are critical for cardiomyocytes and in this study, we investigated the role of baseline mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) in HF incidence in middle-aged women and its possible role in the association between myocardial infarction (MI) and HF. Finally, we also investigated whether baseline mtDNA-CN was associated with overall and HF mortality. Baseline levels of mtDNA-CN were quantified by droplet digital PCR in a population-based follow-up study of middle-aged (50-59 years) Swedish women (n = 2,508). The median follow-up period was 17 years. Levels of mtDNA-CN were associated with age, BMI, alcohol, smoking, education, physical activity and lipid biomarkers. Multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders showed that each standard deviation decrease of baseline mtDNA-CN was associated with higher incidence of HF (HR = 1.34; 95% CI=1.11-1.63). Similar results were obtained when mtDNA-CN levels were categorized into quartiles with lowest vs. highest quartile showing the highest risk of HF incidence (HR = 2.04 95% CI=1.14; 3.63). We could not detect any role of mtDNA-CN in the association between MI and HF incidence. Lower baseline mtDNA-CN levels were associated with both overall (HR = 1.27; 95% CI=1.10-1.46) and HF mortality (HR = 1.93; 95% CI=1.04-3.60); however, in multivariable analysis adjusted for potential confounders, the higher risks of HF mortality were no longer significant (HR=1.57; 95% CI=0.85-2.90). In conclusion, low baseline mtDNA-CN is an easily quantifiable molecular risk factor for HF incidence and may be a risk factor for overall and HF-related mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ashfaque A. Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
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A model to predict a risk of allergic rhinitis based on mitochondrial DNA copy number. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 279:4997-5008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yu TN, Cheng EH, Tsai HN, Lin PY, Chen CH, Huang CC, Lee TH, Lee MS. Assessment of Telomere Length and Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number in Granulosa Cells as Predictors of Aneuploidy Rate in Young Patients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071824. [PMID: 35407431 PMCID: PMC9000104 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: To identify the correlation among female age, cellular aging markers, and aneuploidy rate in in vitro fertilization (IVF) and the preimplantation genetic test for aneuploidy (PGT-A) cycles. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study recruiting 110 infertile women between August 2017 and July 2018. They were divided into young-age (<38 years, n = 60) and advanced-age (≥38 years, n = 50) groups. Peripheral leukocytes were assessed, and the granulosa cells were pooled during oocyte pickup. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and telomere length (TL) were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. PGT-A was performed on the NGS platform. Results: mtDNA copy number and TL were positively correlated in both leukocytes (rho = 0.477, p < 0.001) and granulosa cells (rho = 0.361, p < 0.001), but the two parameters in leukocytes were not correlated with those in granulosa cells. In the young-age group, TL in the granulosa cells was the only factor correlated with the aneuploidy rate (rho = −0.283, p = 0.044), whereas in the advanced-age group, age was the main factor (rho = 0.358, p = 0.018). Conclusions: TL in the granulosa cells was negatively correlated with the aneuploidy rate in the young-age group, supporting the application of PGT-A in younger women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ning Yu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Division of Infertility, Lee Women’s Hospital, Taichung 40652, Taiwan; (E.-H.C.); (H.-N.T.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-C.H.)
| | - En-Hui Cheng
- Division of Infertility, Lee Women’s Hospital, Taichung 40652, Taiwan; (E.-H.C.); (H.-N.T.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-C.H.)
| | - Han-Ni Tsai
- Division of Infertility, Lee Women’s Hospital, Taichung 40652, Taiwan; (E.-H.C.); (H.-N.T.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-C.H.)
| | - Pin-Yao Lin
- Division of Infertility, Lee Women’s Hospital, Taichung 40652, Taiwan; (E.-H.C.); (H.-N.T.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-C.H.)
| | - Chien-Hong Chen
- Division of Infertility, Lee Women’s Hospital, Taichung 40652, Taiwan; (E.-H.C.); (H.-N.T.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-C.H.)
| | - Chun-Chia Huang
- Division of Infertility, Lee Women’s Hospital, Taichung 40652, Taiwan; (E.-H.C.); (H.-N.T.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-C.H.)
| | - Tsung-Hsien Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Division of Infertility, Lee Women’s Hospital, Taichung 40652, Taiwan; (E.-H.C.); (H.-N.T.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-C.H.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-H.L.); (M.-S.L.)
| | - Maw-Sheng Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Division of Infertility, Lee Women’s Hospital, Taichung 40652, Taiwan; (E.-H.C.); (H.-N.T.); (P.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.); (C.-C.H.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-H.L.); (M.-S.L.)
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