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Lu Y, Liang Z, Liu L, Zhou Y, Liu C, Zhao Z, Zheng T, Du Q, Liu W. Discovery of novel quinoline scaffold selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) for treatment of ER positive breast cancer with enhanced antiproliferative bioactivity through immunogenic cell death (ICD) effects. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116534. [PMID: 38870830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Combination therapy proven to be an effective therapeutic approach for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Currently, cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors are combined with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) or selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) as first-line therapy for advanced ER-positive breast cancer. Herein, a new family of quinoline scaffold SERDs was synthesized and evaluated in MCF-7 cells. Among them, compounds 18j and 24d exhibited remarkable MCF-7 inhibition, both alone and in combination with ribociclib (CDK4/6 inhibitor), in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, compounds 18j and 24d effectively degraded ER and inhibited ER downstream signaling pathways. Interestingly, compounds 18j and 24d induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and triggered immunogenic cell death (ICD) via damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in MCF-7 cells. These findings highlight the immune-related and enhanced antiproliferative effects of oral SERDs in ER positive breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Zhenlin Liang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yanyu Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Zhihao Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Tianpeng Zheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Qianming Du
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, PR China; School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Wukun Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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Sales CBS, Dias RB, de Faro Valverde L, Bomfim LM, Silva LA, de Carvalho NC, Bastos JLA, Tilli TM, Rocha GV, Soares MBP, de Freitas LAR, Gurgel Rocha CA, Bezerra DP. Hedgehog components are overexpressed in a series of liver cancer cases. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19507. [PMID: 39174588 PMCID: PMC11341691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), are the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, representing a global public health problem. This study evaluated nine patients with HCC. Six of the cases involved hepatic explants, and three involved hepatic segmentectomy for tumor resection. Eight out of nine tumors were HCC, with one being a combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma tumor. Conventional markers of hepatocellular differentiation (Hep Par-1, arginase, pCEA, and glutamine synthetase) were positive in all patients, while markers of hepatic precursor cells (CK19, CK7, EpCAM, and CD56) were negative in most patients, and when positive, they were detected in small, isolated foci. Based on in silico analysis of HCC tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, we found that Hedgehog (HH) pathway components (GLI1, GLI2, GLI3 and GAS1) have high connectivity values (module membership > 0.7) and are strongly correlated with each other and with other genes in biologically relevant modules for HCC. We further validated this finding by analyzing the gene expression of HH components (PTCH1, GLI1, GLI2 and GLI3) in our samples through qPCR, as well as by immunohistochemical analysis. Additionally, we conducted a chemosensitivity analysis using primary HCC cultures treated with a panel of 18 drugs that affect the HH pathway and/or HCC. Most HCC samples were sensitive to sunitinib. Our results offer a comprehensive view of the molecular landscape of HCC, highlighting the significance of the HH pathway and providing insight into focused treatments for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Brandi Schlaepfer Sales
- Department of Biomorphology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, 40110-902, Brazil
| | - Rosane Borges Dias
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
- Department of Propedeutics, School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, 40110-909, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Ludmila de Faro Valverde
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Lagarto, Sergipe, 49400-000, Brazil
| | - Larissa M Bomfim
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Lais Almeida Silva
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Nanashara C de Carvalho
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana Martins Tilli
- Translational Oncology Platform, Center for Technological Development in Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Gisele Vieira Rocha
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Rafael Hospital Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Salvador, Bahia, 41650-010, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil.
- SENAI Institute for Innovation in Advanced Health Systems, SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Bahia, 41650-010, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Antonio Rodrigues de Freitas
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil.
- Medical School of Bahia, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil.
| | - Clarissa A Gurgel Rocha
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil.
- Department of Propedeutics, School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, 40110-909, Brazil.
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Rafael Hospital Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Salvador, Bahia, 41650-010, Brazil.
| | - Daniel P Bezerra
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil.
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Huang Z, Meng FY, Lu LZ, Guo QQ, Lv CJ, Tan NH, Deng Z, Chen JY, Zhang ZS, Zou B, Long HP, Zhou Q, Tian S, Mei S, Tian XF. Calculus bovis inhibits M2 tumor-associated macrophage polarization via Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulation to suppress liver cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:3511-3533. [PMID: 39156500 PMCID: PMC11326087 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i29.3511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calculus bovis (CB), used in traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits anti-tumor effects in various cancer models. It also constitutes an integral component of a compound formulation known as Pien Tze Huang, which is indicated for the treatment of liver cancer. However, its impact on the liver cancer tumor microenvironment, particularly on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), is not well understood.
AIM To elucidate the anti-liver cancer effect of CB by inhibiting M2-TAM polarization via Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulation.
METHODS This study identified the active components of CB using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, evaluated its anti-neoplastic effects in a nude mouse model, and elucidated the underlying mechanisms via network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and molecular docking. In vitro assays were used to investigate the effects of CB-containing serum on HepG2 cells and M2-TAMs, and Wnt pathway modulation was validated by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis.
RESULTS This study identified 22 active components in CB, 11 of which were detected in the bloodstream. Preclinical investigations have demonstrated the ability of CB to effectively inhibit liver tumor growth. An integrated approach employing network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and molecular docking implicated the Wnt signaling pathway as a target of the antineoplastic activity of CB by suppressing M2-TAM polarization. In vitro and in vivo experiments further confirmed that CB significantly hinders M2-TAM polarization and suppresses Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. The inhibitory effect of CB on M2-TAMs was reversed when treated with the Wnt agonist SKL2001, confirming its pathway specificity.
CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that CB mediates inhibition of M2-TAM polarization through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, contributing to the suppression of liver cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Huang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fan-Ying Meng
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lin-Zhu Lu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qian-Qian Guo
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chang-Jun Lv
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Nian-Hua Tan
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Hepatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhe Deng
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jun-Yi Chen
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zi-Shu Zhang
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bo Zou
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| | - Sha Tian
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Si Mei
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Faculty of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xue-Fei Tian
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mechanism of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
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4
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Hao L, Li S, Ye F, Wang H, Zhong Y, Zhang X, Hu X, Huang X. The current status and future of targeted-immune combination for hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1418965. [PMID: 39161764 PMCID: PMC11330771 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1418965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers and the third leading cause of death worldwide. surgery, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), systemic therapy, local ablation therapy, radiotherapy, and targeted drug therapy with agents such as sorafenib. However, the tumor microenvironment of liver cancer has a strong immunosuppressive effect. Therefore, new treatments for liver cancer are still necessary. Immune checkpoint molecules, such as programmed death-1 (PD-1), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), along with high levels of immunosuppressive cytokines, induce T cell inhibition and are key mechanisms of immune escape in HCC. Recently, immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as monotherapy or in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, anti-angiogenesis drugs, chemotherapy agents, and topical therapies has offered great promise in the treatment of liver cancer. In this review, we discuss the latest advances in ICIs combined with targeted drugs (targeted-immune combination) and other targeted-immune combination regimens for the treatment of patients with advanced HCC (aHCC) or unresectable HCC (uHCC), and provide an outlook on future prospects. The literature reviewed spans the last five years and includes studies identified using keywords such as "hepatocellular carcinoma," "immune checkpoint inhibitors," "targeted therapy," "combination therapy," and "immunotherapy".
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Hao
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shenghao Li
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fanghang Ye
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hengyi Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxin Zhong
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaopeng Huang
- Department of Urology/Andrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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5
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Laface C, Ricci AD, Vallarelli S, Ostuni C, Rizzo A, Ambrogio F, Centonze M, Schirizzi A, De Leonardis G, D’Alessandro R, Lotesoriere C, Giannelli G. Autotaxin-Lysophosphatidate Axis: Promoter of Cancer Development and Possible Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7737. [PMID: 39062979 PMCID: PMC11277072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX) is a member of the ectonucleotide pyrophosphate/phosphodiesterase (ENPP) family; it is encoded by the ENPP2 gene. ATX is a secreted glycoprotein and catalyzes the hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylcholine to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA is responsible for the transduction of various signal pathways through the interaction with at least six G protein-coupled receptors, LPA Receptors 1 to 6 (LPAR1-6). The ATX-LPA axis is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, such as angiogenesis, embryonic development, inflammation, fibrosis, and obesity. However, significant research also reported its connection to carcinogenesis, immune escape, metastasis, tumor microenvironment, cancer stem cells, and therapeutic resistance. Moreover, several studies suggested ATX and LPA as relevant biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets. In this review of the literature, we aimed to deepen knowledge about the role of the ATX-LPA axis as a promoter of cancer development, progression and invasion, and therapeutic resistance. Finally, we explored its potential application as a prognostic/predictive biomarker and therapeutic target for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Laface
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Angela Dalia Ricci
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Simona Vallarelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Carmela Ostuni
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzo
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Ambrogio
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Matteo Centonze
- Personalized Medicine Laboratory, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Schirizzi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Giampiero De Leonardis
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Rosalba D’Alessandro
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (G.D.L.)
| | - Claudio Lotesoriere
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
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Wang Z, Wu L, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Zhang T, Wei H, Wang Z. Protein and metabolic profiles of tyrosine kinase inhibitors co-resistant liver cancer cells. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1394241. [PMID: 38835670 PMCID: PMC11149701 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1394241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) patients often develop resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like sorafenib (SR) and lenvatinib (RR). We established HCC cell lines resistant to these drugs and analyzed the correlation between protein and metabolite profiles using bioinformatics. Our analysis revealed overexpression of MISP, CHMP2B, IL-18, TMSB4X, and EFEMP1, and downregulation of IFITM3, CA4, AGR2, and SLC51B in drug-resistant cells. Differential signals are mainly enriched in steroid hormone biosynthesis, cell adhesion, and immune synapses, with metabolic pathways including cytochrome P450 drug metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and glycolysis. Proteomics and metabolomics analysis showed co-enrichment signals in drug metabolism, amino acids, glucose metabolism, ferroptosis, and other biological processes. Knocking down MISP, CHMP2B, IL-18, TMSB4X, and EFEMP1 significantly reduced drug resistance, indicating their potential as therapeutic response biomarkers. This study characterizes protein and metabolic profiles of drug-resistant HCC cells, exploring metabolite-protein relationships to enhance understanding of drug resistance mechanisms and clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengbin Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linqing Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Cadres's Healthcare Office, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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7
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Zeng J, Deng Q, Chen Z, Yan S, Dong Q, Zhang Y, Cui Y, Li L, He Y, Shi J. Recent development of VEGFR small molecule inhibitors as anticancer agents: A patent review (2021-2023). Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107278. [PMID: 38484586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
VEGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is an important regulatory factor that promotes angiogenesis and vascular permeability. It plays a significant role in processes such as tumor angiogenesis, tumor cell invasion, and metastasis. VEGFR is mainly composed of three subtypes: VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3. Among them, VEGFR-2 is the crucial signaling receptor for VEGF, which is involved in various pathological and physiological functions. At present, VEGFR-2 is closely related to a variety of cancers, such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Hepatocellular carcinoma, Renal cell carcinoma, breast cancer, gastric cancer, glioma, etc. Consequently, VEGFR-2 serves as a crucial target for various cancer treatments. An increasing number of VEGFR inhibitors have been discovered to treat cancer, and they have achieved tremendous success in the clinic. Nevertheless, VEGFR inhibitors often exhibit severe cytotoxicity, resistance, and limitations in indications, which weaken the clinical therapeutic effect. In recent years, many small molecule inhibitors targeting VEGFR have been identified with anti-drug resistance, lower cytotoxicity, and better affinity. Here, we provide an overview of the structure and physiological functions of VEGFR, as well as some VEGFR inhibitors currently in clinical use. Also, we summarize the in vivo and in vitro activities, selectivity, structure-activity relationship, and therapeutic or preventive use of VEGFR small molecule inhibitors reported in patents in the past three years (2021-2023), thereby presenting the prospects and insights for the future development of targeted VEGFR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zeng
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Qichuan Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shuang Yan
- Sichuan University of Arts and Science, DaZhou 635000, China
| | - Qin Dong
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Yuan Cui
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Yuxin He
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
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8
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Alhudaithi SS, Abul Kalam M, Binobaid L, Ali R, Almutairi MM, Qamar W, Bin Hithlayn H, Almutairi A, Alshememry AK. Sorafenib and Piperine co-loaded PLGA nanoparticles: Development, characterization, and anti-cancer activity against hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102064. [PMID: 38633710 PMCID: PMC11022100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits high mortality rates in the advanced stage (>90 %). Sorafenib (SORA) is a targeted therapy approved for the treatment of advanced HCC; however, the reported response rate to such a therapeutic is suboptimal (<3%). Piperine (PIP) is an alkaloid demonstrated to exert a direct tumoricidal activity in HCC and improve the pharmacokinetic profiles of anticancer drugs including SORA. In this study, we developed a strategy to improve efficacy outcomes in HCC using PIP as an add-on treatment to support the first-line therapy SORA using biodegradable Poly (D, L-Lactide-co-glycolide, PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs). SORA and PIP (both exhibit low aqueous solubility) were co-loaded into PLGA NPs (PNPs) and stabilized with various concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The SORA and PIP-loaded PNPs (SP-PNPs) were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Release of these drugs from SP-PNPs was investigated in vitro at both physiological and acidic pH, and kinetic models were employed to assess the mechanism of drug release. The in vitro efficacy of SP-PNPs against HCC cells (HepG2) was also evaluated. FTIR and XRD analyses revealed that the drugs encapsulated in PNPs were in an amorphous state, with no observed chemical interactions among the drugs or excipients. Assessment of drug release in vitro at pH 5 and 7.4 showed that SORA and PIP loaded in PNPs with 0.5 % PVA were released in a sustained manner, unlike pure drugs, which exhibited relatively fast release. SP-PNPs with 0.5 % PVA were spherical, had an average size of 224 nm, and had a high encapsulation efficiency (SORA ∼ 82 %, PIP ∼ 79 %), as well as superior cytotoxicity compared to SORA monotherapy in vitro. These results suggest that combining PIP with SORA using PNPs may be an effective strategy for the treatment of HCC and may set the stage for a comprehensive in vivo study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this novel formulation using a murine HCC model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman S. Alhudaithi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Abul Kalam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama Binobaid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raisuddin Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Almutairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hessa Bin Hithlayn
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atheer Almutairi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah K. Alshememry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Tajiri K, Muraishi N, Murayama A, Hayashi Y, Yasuda I. Impact of post-progression survival in second-line treatment with molecular target agents for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2024; 54:403-408. [PMID: 37924508 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Sequential therapies are essential to extend overall survival (OS) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Several second-line treatments with molecular target agents have shown survival benefits. However, the significance of post-progression survival (PPS) in extending OS in patients with HCC given such treatments remains uncertain. METHODS Through a systematic review of the literature in the PubMed database, this study investigated the correlation between PPS and OS and that between progression-free survival (PFS) and OS in patients with HCC given second-line treatments. RESULTS In total, 3935 patients who had received second-line treatment with regorafenib, ramucirumab, or cabozantinib, which are approved molecular target agents, were identified. In the patients treated with regorafenib, PPS showed a strong correlation with OS (R2 = 0.729, R = 0.854, p < 0.001) whereas PFS showed a weak correlation (R2 = 0.218, R = 0.467, p = 0.021). In the patients treated with ramucirumab, PPS showed a strong correlation with OS (R2 = 0.800, R = 0.894, p = 0.016) whereas PFS showed a negligible correlation (R2 = 0.020, R = 0.140, p = 0.791). In the patients treated with cabozantinib, PPS showed a strong correlation with OS (R2 = 0.856, R = 0.925, p = 0.003) as did PFS (R2 = 0.946, R = 0.973, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS PPS plays a more significant role than PFS in extending OS in patients given second-line treatment for unresectable HCC. Sequential therapies after disease progression in second-line treatment are essential to acquire good OS. Maintenance of hepatic reserve function and the patient's general condition is essential during systemic treatments for unresectable HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Tajiri
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Nozomu Muraishi
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Aiko Murayama
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuka Hayashi
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yasuda
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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10
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Zhao Y, He J, Liu X, Yi C, Sun L, Zhu H. Construction and validation of a novel tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand mutant MuR5S4-TR. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2024; 20:210-219. [PMID: 36658682 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) can selectively kill tumor cells but has no significant effect on normal cells. However, the use of TRAIL is limited for resistance by more than 50% of the tumor cell lines. It's very important to develop a more efficient form of TRAIL for cancer treatment. METHODS The N-terminal in soluble fragments (114-281aa) of TRAIL was redesigned to construct a novel TRAIL mutant-MuR5S4-TR. The Cell Counting Kit-8 method to explore the antitumor effects. The potential mechanisms were also explored. RESULTS Novel TRAIL mutant with cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) like and Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac) like structure-MuR5S4-TR was successfully constructed. The prokaryotic expression system was successfully built, and the MuR5S4-TR was purified and reconfirmed by western blot. MuR5S4-TR could enhance the antitumor effects of TRAIL in most of the cancer cell lines significantly, NCI-H460 lung cancer cell line, for instance. After MuR5S4-TR treatment, the expressions of death receptor 4 (DR4), DR5, Caspase-8, and cleaved Caspase-3 were remarkably increased, however, there was no significant difference in X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis expression. CONCLUSION We constructed a novel TRAIL mutant with CPP-like and Smac-like structure-MuR5S4-TR. The MuR5S4-TR showed significantly stronger antitumor effects than TRAIL in many tumor cell lines. The MuR5S4-TR showed strong antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo. This preliminary study implies that MuR5S4-TR may be a more efficient form of TRAIL for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianping He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Osteoporosis, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Trevisani F, Vitale A, Kudo M, Kulik L, Park JW, Pinato DJ, Cillo U. Merits and boundaries of the BCLC staging and treatment algorithm: Learning from the past to improve the future with a novel proposal. J Hepatol 2024; 80:661-669. [PMID: 38266658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In this Expert Opinion, we thoroughly analyse the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging and treatment algorithm for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that, since 1999, has standardised HCC management, offering a structured approach for the prognostic evaluation and treatment of patients with HCC. The first part of the article presents the strengths and evolutionary improvements of the BCLC staging system. Nevertheless, both patient characteristics and available treatments have changed in the last two decades, limiting the role of the BCLC criteria for treatment allocation in a growing number of patients. As therapeutic options expand and become more effective, the stage-linked treatment decision-making algorithm may lead to undertreatment and suboptimal outcomes for patients with disease beyond early-stage HCC. Consequently, strict adherence to BCLC criteria is limited in expert centres, particularly for patients diagnosed beyond early-stage HCC. Although the BCLC system remains the benchmark against which other therapeutic frameworks must be judged, the era of precision medicine calls for patient-tailored therapeutic decision-making (by a multidisciplinary tumour board) rather than stage-dictated treatment allocation. Acknowledging this conceptual difference in clinical management, the second part of the article describes a novel "multiparametric therapeutic hierarchy", which integrates a comprehensive assessment of clinical factors, biomarkers, technical feasibility, and resource availability. Lastly, considering the increasing efficacy of locoregional and systemic treatments, the concept of "converse therapeutic hierarchy" is introduced. These treatments can increase the feasibility (conversion approach) and effectiveness (adjuvant approach of systemic therapy) of potentially curative approaches to greatly improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Trevisani
- Unit of Semetiotics, Liver and Alcohol-related Disease, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Units of Semetiotics, Liver and Alcohol-related disease, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vitale
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Joon-Won Park
- Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - David J Pinato
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Division of Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), The University of Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Umberto Cillo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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12
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Cui J, Ding R, Liu H, Ma M, Zuo R, Liu X. Trends in the incidence and survival of cancer in individuals aged 55 years and older in the United States, 1975-2019. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:72. [PMID: 38172749 PMCID: PMC10763484 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In ageing societies such as the United States, evaluating the incidence and survival rates of cancer in older adults is essential. This study aimed to analyse the incidence and survival rates of cancer in individuals aged 55 years or older in the United States. METHODS This retrospective study (1975-2019) was conducted using combined registry data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Data from the 9, 12, and 17 Registries (Nov 2021 Sub) datasets were used. RESULTS In 2019, the incidence of cancer in individuals older than 55 years and the overall population was 1322.8 and 382.1 per 100,000 population, respectively. From 2000 to 2019, the incidence of cancer in individuals older than 55 years showed a decreasing trend, whereas their five-year survival rates showed an increasing trend. The incidence of cancer in the 75-79 and 80-84 year age groups was the highest among all age groups. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of colon cancer declined significantly, whereas that of intrahepatic bile duct cancer increased considerably. These trends may be due to increased screening for cancers with high incidence rates and improved control of the risk factors for cancer. Rapid development of targeted therapy and immunotherapy combined with early tumour detection may be an important reason for the improved survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Rongmei Ding
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingxiu Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Ruixue Zuo
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Xun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
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13
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Wang J, Sun L, Liu Y, Zhang Y. FIGNL1 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Formation via Remodeling ECM-receptor Interaction Pathway Mediated by HMMR. Curr Gene Ther 2024; 24:249-263. [PMID: 37929733 PMCID: PMC11071652 DOI: 10.2174/0115665232274223231017052707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of novel biomarkers is crucial for the treatment of HCC. In this study, we investigated a new molecular therapeutic target for HCC. Fidgetin-like 1 (FIGNL1) has been reported to play a vital role in lung adenocarcinoma. However, the potential function of FIGNL1 in HCC is still unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the key regulatory mechanisms of FIGNL1 in the formation of HCC. METHODS The regulatory effect of FIGNL1 on HCC was studied by lentivirus infection. In vitro, the effects of FIGNL1 on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of cells were investigated by CCK8, colony formation assay, transwell and flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the regulation of FIGNL1 on HCC formation in vivo was studied by subcutaneous transplanted tumors. In addition, using transcriptome sequencing technology, we further explored the specific molecular mechanism of FIGNL1 regulating the formation of HCC. RESULTS Functionally, we demonstrated that FIGNL1 knockdown significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. Similarly, the knockdown of FIGNL1 meaningfully weakened hepatocarcinogenesis in nude mice. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that FIGNL1 affected the expression of genes involved in extracellular matrix-receptor (ECM-receptor) interaction pathway, such as hyaluronan mediated motility receptor (HMMR). Further validation found that overexpression of HMMR based on knockdown FIGNL1 can rescue the expression abundance of related genes involved in the ECM-receptor interaction pathway. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that FIGNL1 could modulate the ECM-receptor interaction pathway through the regulation of HMMR, thus regulating the formation of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabei Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Linmao Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Yunguang Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
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14
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Chen H, Wang Z, Wang C. Lenvatinib Combined with the PD-1 Inhibitor Camrelizumab in the Treatment of Primary Liver Cancer Caused Hemorrhagic Exfoliative Gastritis. Case Rep Oncol 2024; 17:543-548. [PMID: 38595961 PMCID: PMC11003730 DOI: 10.1159/000538006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with advanced primary liver cancer often lose the opportunity for surgery when they are found, and the treatment options are limited. Lenvatinib, as a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been used as the first-line treatment for advanced liver cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors, have been successfully used in advanced or metastatic liver cancer. Case Presentation We report a case of combined lenvatinib and the programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor camrelizumab in the treatment of primary liver cancer, in which the rare complication of full-thickness gastric mucosa exfoliation occurred. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the side effect of hemorrhagic exfoliative gastritis with the combination of lenvatinib and camrelizumab. Conclusion Hemorrhagic exfoliative gastritis is an extremely rare clinical complication. Lenvatinib inhibits vascular proliferation and could cause gastrointestinal perforation, which is considered to be the main factor, but whether camrelizumab plays a role in it or only causes gastrointestinal reactions leading to nausea and vomiting, resulting in gastric mucosal exfoliation bleeding, remains to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zihua Wang
- Department of Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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15
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Tian H, Shang H, Chen Y, Wu B, Wang C, Wang X, Cheng W. Sonosensitizer Nanoplatforms Augmented Sonodynamic Therapy-Sensitizing Shikonin-Induced Necroptosis Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7079-7092. [PMID: 38050474 PMCID: PMC10693983 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s435104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Apoptosis resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often leads to treatment failure. Nonetheless, overcoming the resistance of HCC to apoptosis by inducing necroptosis of tumor cells to bypass the apoptotic pathway may be a promising treatment strategy. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has broad prospects in disease treatment because of its noninvasive characteristic and spatiotemporal control. The combination of SDT and shikonin in the treatment of HCC is expected to be a new tumor treatment method that can overcome apoptosis resistance. Methods In this study, the antitumor effect was evaluated using normal liver cell line WRL68, HCC cell line HepG2 and HepG2 xenograft mouse models. Indocyanine green (ICG) was loaded on nanobubbles (NBs) to construct ICG-loaded nanobubbles (ICG-NBs). Combined sonosensitizer nanoplatforms with ultrasound (US) to achieve efficient SDT, the combination of SDT and shikonin in treating HCC can activate shikonin-induced necroptosis. As a result, tumor cells that produced apoptosis resistance were destroyed by necroptosis. Results The results indicated a successful preparation of ICG-NBs with a uniform particle size of 273.0 ± 118.9 nm spherical structures. ICG-NB-mediated SDT, in combination with shikonin treatment, inhibited the viability, invasion, and migration of tumor cells. SDT + shikonin treatment group caused a substantial increase in necroptotic cells. The increased degree of tumor necrosis and the upregulated expression of receptor-interacting protein 3 kinase were observed in vivo studies, which indicated that the antitumor effect was accompanied by enhanced necroptosis in the SDT + shikonin treatment group. Conclusion ICG-NB-mediated SDT combined with shikonin inhibits the growth of HCC by increasing the necroptosis of tumor cells. Therefore, this combination therapy is a promising treatment strategy against the specific cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haitao Shang
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yichi Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bolin Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyue Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Liu S, Li Q, Li Y, Sheng J. Editorial: Advances in chemotherapy-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1325304. [PMID: 38020167 PMCID: PMC10679682 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1325304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, China
| | - Yongzhi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, China
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17
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Zhao J, Xu Y. PITX1 plays essential functions in cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1253238. [PMID: 37841446 PMCID: PMC10570508 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1253238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PITX1, also known as the pituitary homeobox 1 gene, has emerged as a key regulator in animal growth and development, attracting significant research attention. Recent investigations have revealed the implication of dysregulated PITX1 expression in tumorigenesis, highlighting its involvement in cancer development. Notably, PITX1 interacts with p53 and exerts control over crucial cellular processes including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and chemotherapy resistance. Its influence extends to various tumors, such as esophageal, colorectal, gastric, and liver cancer, contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. Despite its significance, a comprehensive review examining PITX1's role in oncology remains lacking. This review aims to address this gap by providing a comprehensive overview of PITX1 in different cancer types, with a particular focus on its clinicopathological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingpu Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yongfeng Xu
- Abdominal Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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18
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Laface C, Memeo R. Clinical Updates for Gastrointestinal Malignancies. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1424. [PMID: 37763191 PMCID: PMC10533174 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers include hepatobiliary tumors, pancreatic cancer (PC), neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, small bowel carcinomas, gastric cancer (GC), anal canal cancer, primary gastric and intestinal lymphomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and the most frequent colorectal cancer (CRC) [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Laface
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Unit of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, “F. Miulli” General Regional Hospital, 70021 Acquaviva Delle Fonti, Italy
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Ma W, Zhang X, Lu J, Lv S, Zhang Z, Ma H, Chen Q, Cao W, Zhang X. Transmembrane protein 147, as a potential Sorafenib target, could expedite cell cycle process and confer adverse prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:1295-1311. [PMID: 37212496 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
TMEM147 was identified as a core component of ribosome-bound translocon complex at ER/NE. So far, sparse studies reported its expression profiling and oncological implications in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Here we inspected TMEM147 expression levels in HCC cohorts from public databases and tumor tissues. TMEM147 was augmented at transcriptional levels (p < 0.001) and protein levels in HCC patients. A series of bioinformatics tools implemented in R studio were orchestrated in TCGA-LIHC to evaluate the prognostic significance, compile relevant gene clusters, and explore the oncological functions and therapy responses. It is suggested that TMEM147 could predict poor clinical outcomes effectively and independently (p < 0.001, HR = 2.231 for overall survival (OS) vs. p = 0.04, HR = 2.296 for disease-specific survival), and was related to risk factors including advanced histologic tumor grade (p < 0.001), AFP level (p < 0.001) and vascular invasion (p = 0.007). Functional enrichment analyses indicated that TMEM147 was involved in cell cycle, WNT/MAPK signaling pathways and ferroptosis. Expression profiling in HCC cell lines, mouse model, and a clinical trial revealed that TMEM147 was a considerable target and marker for adjuvant therapy in vitro and in vivo. Subsequentially, in vitro wet-lab experimentation authenticated that TMEM147 would be downregulated by Sorafenib administration in hepatoma cells. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of TMEM147 could promote cell cycle progression from S phase into G2/M phase, and enhance cell proliferation, thus attenuating drug efficacy and sensitivity of Sorafenib. Further explorations into TMEM147 may inspire a fresh perspective to predict clinical outcomes and improve therapeutic efficacy for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanshan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Nephrotic, The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shiyu Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongxin Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjing Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Hamaya S, Oura K, Morishita A, Masaki T. Cisplatin in Liver Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10858. [PMID: 37446035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor and is often diagnosed at an unresectable advanced stage. Systemic chemotherapy as well as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) are used to treat advanced HCC. TACE and HAIC have long been the standard of care for patients with unresectable HCC but are limited to the treatment of intrahepatic lesions. Systemic chemotherapy with doxorubicin or chemohormonal therapy with tamoxifen have also been considered, but neither has demonstrated survival benefits. In the treatment of unresectable advanced HCC, cisplatin is administered transhepatic arterially for local treatment. Subsequently, for cisplatin-refractory cases due to drug resistance, a shift to systemic therapy with a different mechanism of action is expected to produce new antitumor effects. Cisplatin is also used for the treatment of liver tumors other than HCC. This review summarizes the action and resistance mechanism of cisplatin and describes the treatment of the major hepatobiliary cancers for which cisplatin is used as an anticancer agent, with a focus on HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Hamaya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kyoko Oura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun 761-0793, Japan
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Maselli FM, Giuliani F, Laface C, Perrone M, Melaccio A, De Santis P, Santoro AN, Guarini C, Iaia ML, Fedele P. Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer: State of Art and New Therapeutic Perspectives. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:5769-5794. [PMID: 37366915 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30060432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common type of tumor in men. In the early stage of the disease, it is sensitive to androgen deprivation therapy. In patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), chemotherapy and second-generation androgen receptor therapy have led to increased survival. However, despite advances in the management of mHSPC, castration resistance is unavoidable and many patients develop metastatic castration-resistant disease (mCRPC). In the past few decades, immunotherapy has dramatically changed the oncology landscape and has increased the survival rate of many types of cancer. However, immunotherapy in prostate cancer has not yet given the revolutionary results it has in other types of tumors. Research into new treatments is very important for patients with mCRPC because of its poor prognosis. In this review, we focus on the reasons for the apparent intrinsic resistance of prostate cancer to immunotherapy, the possibilities for overcoming this resistance, and the clinical evidence and new therapeutic perspectives regarding immunotherapy in prostate cancer with a look toward the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carmelo Laface
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | - Martina Perrone
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | - Assunta Melaccio
- Medical Oncology, San Paolo Hospital, ASL Bari, 70123 Bari, Italy
| | - Pierluigi De Santis
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Guarini
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Iaia
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | - Palma Fedele
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
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22
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Laface C, Maselli FM, Santoro AN, Iaia ML, Ambrogio F, Laterza M, Guarini C, De Santis P, Perrone M, Fedele P. The Resistance to EGFR-TKIs in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Application of New Therapeutic Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1604. [PMID: 37376053 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost 17% of Western patients affected by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have an activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation. Del19 and L858R are the most-common ones; they are positive predictive factors for EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Currently, osimertinib, a third-generation TKI, is the standard first-line therapy for advanced NSCLC patients with common EGFR mutations. This drug is also administered as a second-line treatment for those patients with the T790M EGFR mutation and previously treated with first- (erlotinib, gefitinib) or second- (afatinib) generation TKIs. However, despite the high clinical efficacy, the prognosis remains severe due to intrinsic or acquired resistance to EGRF-TKIs. Various mechanisms of resistance have been reported including the activation of other signalling pathways, the development of secondary mutations, the alteration of the downstream pathways, and phenotypic transformation. However, further data are needed to achieve the goal of overcoming resistance to EGFR-TKIs, hence the necessity of discovering novel genetic targets and developing new-generation drugs. This review aimed to deepen the knowledge of intrinsic and acquired molecular mechanisms of resistance to EGFR-TKIs and the development of new therapeutic strategies to overcome TKIs' resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Laface
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Laura Iaia
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | - Francesca Ambrogio
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Marigia Laterza
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Guarini
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | - Pierluigi De Santis
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | - Martina Perrone
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | - Palma Fedele
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
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Ma R, Liu W, Sun T, Dang C, Li K. Clinical significance of FBXO43 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its impact on tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15373. [PMID: 37250703 PMCID: PMC10211365 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of FBXO43 on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its clinical significance have not yet been determined. This study aims to determine the clinical significance of FBXO43 in HCC and its impact on the biological functions of HCC cells. Methods Data from TCGA database were downloaded to investigate the expression of FBXO43 in HCC and its correlation with prognosis and immune infiltration. Immunohistochemical staining images of FBXO43 in HCC were acquired from the HPA website. HCC cells (BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721) were transfected with the lentivirus targeting FBXO43 to decrease FBXO43 expression in HCC cells. Western blotting assay was conducted to evaluate the expression level of FBXO43 protein. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of HCC cells. The migration and invasion of HCC cells were investigated by performing scratch wound-healing and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. Results In comparison to normal tissues, FBXO43 is overexpressed in HCC tissue, and high FBXO43 expression is linked to late T stage, TNM stage and tumor grade. Elevated FBXO43 expression is a risk factor for HCC. In patients with high FBXO43 expression, the overall survival, disease-specific survival, progression-free survival and disease-free survival are poorer. The proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells are significantly attenuated in FBXO43 knockdown cells. Also, TCGA data analysis reveals that FBXO43 exhibits a positive correlation with immunosuppression of HCC. Conclusion FBXO43 is overexpressed in HCC, and is linked to late tumor stage, worse prognosis and tumor immunosuppression. FBXO43 knockdown restrains the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rulan Ma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shannxi, China
| | - Tuanhe Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengxue Dang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kang Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Xu B, Lu D, Liu K, Lv W, Xiao J, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Chai J, Wang L. Efficacy and Prognostic Factors of Regorafenib in the Treatment of BCLC Stage C Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Failure of the First-Line Therapy. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:507-518. [PMID: 36814894 PMCID: PMC9940492 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s400533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Regorafenib is a standard second-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of regorafenib in the treatment of patients with Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) stage C HCC after failure of the first-line therapy and to analyze factors affecting the efficacy of regorafenib as the second-line treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 103 BCLC stage C HCC patients who received regorafenib as the second-line treatment. Among them, 51 patients received regorafenib plus transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and 52 patients received regorafenib alone. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events were compared between the two groups, and factors influencing the efficacy of regorafenib were analyzed. Results In patients with BCLC stage C HCC after failure of the first-line therapy, there was no statistically significant difference in median PFS between regorafenib plus TACE group and regorafenib group (5.3 vs 4.0 months, P=0.432). The median OS was significantly longer in the regorafenib plus TACE group than that in the regorafenib group (11.3 vs 8.2 months, P=0.034). Patients in both groups experienced adverse events at rates of 78.43% and 75%, respectively. Rates of grade III-IV serious adverse events were 19.61% and 13.46%, respectively. Hand-foot skin reactions, fatigue, abdominal pain, and hypertension were common side effects of regorafenib. The number of tumors was noted as an independent prognostic factor for PFS in the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, while Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (ECOG-PS) score, tumor size, the number of tumors, and combined local therapy were independent prognostic factors for OS. Regorafenib combined with TACE treatment improved OS for patients with ECOG-PS scores of 0-1, tumor size < 5 cm, and the number of tumors ≥ 3 compared with regorafenib alone. Conclusion Regorafenib exhibited to be a safe and effective sequential therapy for patients with BCLC stage C HCC after failure of the first-line treatment, and its combination with TACE could achieve a higher efficacy. ECOG-PS score, tumor size, the number of tumors, and combined local therapy were noted as prognostic factors affecting patients with BCLC stage C HCC who were treated with regorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Xu
- School of Graduate, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Lu
- School of Graduate, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, People’s Republic of China,Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Dong Lu, Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18056000897, Email
| | - Kaicai Liu
- Infection Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weifu Lv
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingkun Xiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingming Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengfeng Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Chai
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People’s Republic of China
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Cicek B, Hacimuftuoglu A, Kuzucu M, Cetin A, Yeni Y, Genc S, Yildirim S, Bolat I, Kantarci M, Gul M, Hayme S, Matthaios D, Vageli DP, Doukas SG, Tsatsakis A, Taghizadehghalehjoughi A. Sorafenib Alleviates Inflammatory Signaling of Tumor Microenvironment in Precancerous Lung Injuries. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:221. [PMID: 37259369 PMCID: PMC9963576 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
According to population-based studies, lung cancer is the prominent reason for cancer-related mortality worldwide in males and is also rising in females at an alarming rate. Sorafenib (SOR), which is approved for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma, is a multitargeted protein kinase inhibitor. Additionally, SOR is the subject of interest for preclinical and clinical trials in lung cancer. This study was designed to assess in vivo the possible effects of sorafenib (SOR) in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced lung carcinogenesis and examine its probable mechanisms of action. A total of 30 adult male rats were divided into three groups (1) control, (2) DEN, and (3) DEN + SOR. The chemical induction of lung carcinogenesis was performed by injection of DEN intraperitoneally at 150 mg/kg once a week for two weeks. The DEN-administered rats were co-treated with SOR of 10 mg/kg by oral gavage for 42 alternate days. Serum and lung tissue samples were analyzed to determine SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX-2) levels. The tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) levels were measured in lung tissue supernatants. Lung sections were analyzed for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) histopathologically. In addition, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence methods, respectively. SOR reduced the level of SOX-2 that maintenance of cancer stemness and tumorigenicity, and TNF-α and IL-1β levels. Histopathological analysis demonstrated widespread inflammatory cell infiltration, disorganized alveolar structure, hyperemia in the vessels, and thickened alveolar walls in DEN-induced rats. The damage was markedly reduced upon SOR treatment. Further, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analysis also revealed increased expression of COX-2 and JNK expression in DEN-intoxicated rats. However, SOR treatment alleviated the expression of these inflammatory markers in DEN-induced lung carcinogenesis. These findings suggested that SOR inhibits DEN-induced lung precancerous lesions through decreased inflammation with concomitant in reduced SOX-2 levels, which enables the maintenance of cancer stem cell properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Cicek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kuzucu
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cetin
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, 24100 Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Yesim Yeni
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya 44210, Turkey
| | - Sidika Genc
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11230, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Pathology, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Ismail Bolat
- Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Pathology, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Mecit Kantarci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Gul
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Serhat Hayme
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
| | | | - Dimitra P. Vageli
- Yale Larynx Laboratory, Department of Surgery (Otololaryngology), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Havan, CT 06510, USA
| | - Sotirios G. Doukas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rutgers/Saint Peter’s University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11230, Turkey
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Li W, Wu R, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Li L, Hu Z, Su Q, Mang Y, Zhang X, Dong Y, Zheng K, Ran J, Li L. Analysis of angiogenesis-related subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma and tumor microenvironment infiltration feature in hepatocellular carcinoma. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03084-x. [PMID: 36708372 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly vascularized tumor, and angiogenesis plays an important role in its progression. However, the role of angiogenesis in cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear. METHODS We evaluated the associations of 35 angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) with the clinicopathological features of 816 HCC patients. In addition, we assessed the associations between the ARGs and TME cell infiltration. A nomogram was constructed to determine the prognostic value of ARGs for HCC. The ARG score was used to distinguish angiogenic subtypes of HCC, and its usefulness for predicting the prognosis and treatment response of HCC patients was evaluated. RESULTS We distinguished three ARG clusters differing in terms of TME cell infiltration, immune cell activation status, clinicopathological features, and clinical outcomes. There were significant associations of ARG expression with tumor immunity, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and transforming growth factor-β expression. An ARG score model was constructed to generate a risk score for each patient based on differentially expressed genes between clusters. Furthermore, a high ARG score was associated with high expression of CTLA-4 and PD-L1/PD-1, and a low Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion score, indicating the usefulness of the ARG score for selecting patients for immunotherapy. Considering the relationship between ARGs and tumor immunity, immunotherapy combined with vascular-targeted therapy may be the best treatment for HCC. CONCLUSIONS ARGs play an important role in TME diversity and complexity in HCC patients. The ARG score of HCC predicts TME invasion and can guide immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Ruichao Wu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Shengning Zhang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Yingpeng Zhao
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Laibang Li
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Zongqiang Hu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuming Su
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyi Mang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Xibing Zhang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Yun Dong
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Kepu Zheng
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Jianghua Ran
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Calmette Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China.
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Laface C, Ranieri G, Maselli FM, Ambrogio F, Foti C, Ammendola M, Laterza M, Cazzato G, Memeo R, Mastrandrea G, Lioce M, Fedele P. Immunotherapy and the Combination with Targeted Therapies for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:654. [PMID: 36765612 PMCID: PMC9913568 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most important abilities of a tumor is to establish a state of immunosuppression inside the tumor microenvironment. This is made possible through numerous mechanisms of tumor immune escape that have been identified in experimental studies during the last decades. In addition, the hepatic microenvironment is commonly oriented towards a state of immune tolerance because the liver receives blood from the hepatic arteries and portal veins containing a variety of endogenous antigens. Therefore, the hepatic microenvironment establishes an autoimmune tolerance, preventing an autoimmune reaction in the liver. On this basis, hepatic tumor cells may escape the immune system, avoiding being recognized and destroyed by immune cells. Moreover, since the etiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is often related to cirrhosis, and hepatitis B or C, this tumor develops in the context of chronic inflammation. Thus, the HCC microenvironment is characterized by important immune cell infiltration. Given these data and the poor prognosis of advanced HCC, different immunotherapeutic strategies have been developed and evaluated for these patients. In this review, we describe all the clinical applications of immunotherapy for advanced HCC, from the drugs that have already been approved to the ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Laface
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesca Ambrogio
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Foti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Ammendola
- Department of Health Science, General Surgery, Medicine School of Germaneto, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marigia Laterza
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gerardo Cazzato
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Pathology Section, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Unit of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, “F. Miulli” General Regional Hospital, 70021 Acquaviva Delle Fonti, Italy
| | | | - Marco Lioce
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Palma Fedele
- Medical Oncology, Dario Camberlingo Hospital, 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
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Lin J, Yan J, Deng XL, Wang CS, Wang HS. SPATS2 is correlated with cell cycle progression and immune cells infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:8. [PMID: 36631750 PMCID: PMC9832668 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02633-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The spermatogenesis associated serine rich 2 (SPATS2) is a member of RNA-binding protein in which the abnormal expression is linked with carcinogenesis in serval types of cancer. However, there is no systematic study on the differential expression, prognostic significance, epigenetic regulation, immune infiltration of SPATS2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, we investigated the expression, prognosis, epigenetic regulation, and immune cell infiltration of SPATS2 in HCC. We found that the elevated expression of SPATS2 was unfavorably associated with the clinical pathological stage and prognosis. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that SPATS2 is associated with cell cycle, apoptosis and cancer cell metastasis processes in HCC. Our results confirmed that knockdown of SPATS2 will affect cell cycle, apoptosis and invasion of HCC cell lines. Moreover, the expression of SPATS2 is upregulated by epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation, m6A and histone modification in HCC. In addition, SPATS2 expression was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration or expression of immune related gene markers in HCC. Taken together, our data demonstrated that SPATS2 is associated with progression and immune infiltration, and could serve as a prognostic biomarker for HCC. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of SPATS2 to be used as a therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- grid.411643.50000 0004 1761 0411College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia China
| | - Jia Yan
- grid.410612.00000 0004 0604 6392School of Basic Medical, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia China
| | - Xiu ling Deng
- grid.410612.00000 0004 0604 6392School of Basic Medical, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia China
| | - Chang shan Wang
- grid.411643.50000 0004 1761 0411College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia China
| | - Hai sheng Wang
- grid.410612.00000 0004 0604 6392School of Basic Medical, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia China
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Role of Etiology in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Lenvatinib: A Counterfactual Event-Based Mediation Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020381. [PMID: 36672330 PMCID: PMC9856921 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Whether the etiology of underlying liver disease represents a prognostic factor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with lenvatinib is still a matter of debate. This study investigates whether the viral etiology of HCC plays a prognostic role in overall survival (OS). Methods: Data derived from a multicenter series of 313 HCC patients treated with lenvatinib between 2019 and 2022 were analyzed. Actuarial survival estimates were computed using the Kaplan−Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. We performed an event-based counterfactual mediation analysis to estimate direct (chronic inflammation and immunosuppression), indirect (tobacco smoking, alcohol use, illicit drug abuse with injections), and the total effect of viral etiology on OS. Results were expressed as hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI. Results: Median OS was 21 months (95% CI: 20−23) in the group with other etiologies and 15 months (14−16) in the group with viral etiology (p < 0.0001). The total effect of viral etiology was associated with OS (HR 2.76, 1.32−5.21), and it was mainly explained by the pure direct effect of viral etiology (HR 2.74, 1.15−4.45). By contrast, its total indirect effect was not associated with poorer survival (HR 1.05, 0.82−2.13). These results were confirmed when considering tobacco, alcohol consumption, or injection drug abuse as potential mediators. Median progression-free survival was 9 months (8−10) in patients with other etiologies and 6 months (5−7) in patients with viral etiology (p < 0.0001). No difference in terms of adverse event rate was observed between the two groups. Conclusions: Patients affected by HCC with nonviral etiology treated with lenvatinib exhibit longer survival than those with viral etiology. This finding may have relevance in the treatment decision-making process.
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Xiang Z, Li G, Mu L, Wang H, Zhou C, Yan H, Huang M. TACE Combined with Lenvatinib and Camrelizumab for Unresectable Multiple Nodular and Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma (>5 cm). Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231200320. [PMID: 37723998 PMCID: PMC10510362 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231200320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had increased globally over the past decades. Previous studies found that transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with lenvatinib had also shown efficacy in the unresectable HCC. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TACE combined with lenvatinib and camrelizumab to treat unresectable multiple nodular and large HCC (>5 cm). MATERIALS AND METHODS Between November 2018 and June 2021, we retrospectively recruited 82 patients with unresectable multiple nodular and large HCC (BCLC stage B or C with a single nodular diameter of >5 cm). Of the patients who had not previously been treated, 33 patients received TACE + lenvatinib + camrelizumab (group A, TLC), and 49 patients treated with TACE + lenvatinib (group B, TLB) as the initial treatment. Related efficacy and safety results were recorded and assessed. RESULTS The median follow-up periods of groups A and B were 14.5 ± 7.9 months (range, 3-36) and 12.5 ± 8.2 months (range, 3-32), respectively (P = 0.799). The progression-free survival (PFS) of groups A and B was 9.4 months and 5.9 months (P < 0.01), respectively, and overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in group A (16.4 months vs 11.0 months, P < 0.01). In group A, the local response rate (LRR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 51.5% and 81.8%, respectively, which was higher than the corresponding 46.9% and 77.6% observed in group B (P = 0.233; 0.429). Patients with BCLC B stage had better PFS and OS (P < 0.05). The BCLC stage was an independent factor that affected PFS and OS. There were no massive bleeding or treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSIONS In patients with unresectable multiple nodular and large HCC (single nodular diameter of >5 cm), TACE combined with target therapy and immunotherapy is safe and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwang Xiang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohong Li
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Emergency Hospital, Middle, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luwen Mu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haofan Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Churen Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huzheng Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingsheng Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Dai X, Sun F, Deng K, Lin G, Yin W, Chen H, Yang D, Liu K, Zhang Y, Huang L. Mallotucin D, a Clerodane Diterpenoid from Croton crassifolius, Suppresses HepG2 Cell Growth via Inducing Autophagic Cell Death and Pyroptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214217. [PMID: 36430694 PMCID: PMC9698996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major subtype of primary liver cancer with a high mortality rate. Pyroptosis and autophagy are crucial processes in the pathophysiology of HCC. Searching for efficient drugs targeting pyroptosis and autophagy with lower toxicity is useful for HCC treatment. Mallotucin D (MLD), a clerodane diterpenoid from Croton crassifolius, has not been previously reported for its anticancer effects in HCC. This study aims to evaluate the inhibitory effects of MLD in HCC and explore the underlying mechanism. We found that the cell proliferation, DNA synthesis, and colony formation of HepG2 cells and the angiogenesis of HUVECs were all greatly inhibited by MLD. MLD caused mitochondrial damage and decreased the TOM20 expression and mitochondrial membrane potential, inducing ROS overproduction. Moreover, MLD promoted the cytochrome C from mitochondria into cytoplasm, leading to cleavage of caspase-9 and caspase-3 inducing GSDMD-related pyroptosis. In addition, we revealed that MLD activated mitophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Using the ROS-scavenging reagent NAC, the activation effects of MLD on pyroptosis- and autophagy-related pathways were all inhibited. In the HepG2 xenograft model, MLD effectively inhibited tumor growth without detectable toxicities in normal tissue. In conclusion, MLD could be developed as a candidate drug for HCC treatment by inducing mitophagy and pyroptosis via promoting mitochondrial-related ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Dai
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Center, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fen Sun
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Center, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kexin Deng
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Center, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gaoyang Lin
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Center, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenjing Yin
- Guangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huaqing Chen
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Center, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dongye Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The University of Hongkong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kewei Liu
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Center, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Guangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (L.H.)
| | - Laiqiang Huang
- Precision Medicine and Healthcare Research Center, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene and Antibody Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, State Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (L.H.)
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32
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Li Y, Wu C, Ge Y, Chen X, Zhu L, Chu L, Wang J, Yan M, Deng H. Identification of a nucleotide metabolism-related signature to predict prognosis and guide patient care in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:1089291. [PMID: 36685912 PMCID: PMC9846068 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1089291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a highly malignant tumor with significant heterogeneity. Metabolic reprogramming plays an essential role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Among them, nucleotide metabolism needs further investigation. Methods: Based on the bioinformatics approach, eleven prognosis-related nucleotide metabolism genes of hepatocellular carcinoma were screened in this study. Based on the Lasso-Cox regression method, we finally identified a prognostic model containing six genes and calculated the risk score for each patient. In addition, a nomogram was constructed on the basis of pathological stage and risk score. Results: Patients with high-risk score had worse prognosis than those with low-risk. The predictive efficiency of the model was efficient in both the TCGA dataset and the ICGC dataset. The risk score is an independent prognostic factor that can be used to screen chemotherapy drugs. In addition, the risk score can be useful in guiding patient care at an early stage. Conclusion: Nucleotide metabolism-related prognostic model can more accurately predict the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. As a novel prediction model, it is expected to help clinical staff to provide targeted treatment and nursing to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Yingnan Ge
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Meiling Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Deng, ; Meiling Yan,
| | - Hao Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Deng, ; Meiling Yan,
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