1
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Demir EA. Syringic acid alleviates cisplatin-induced ovarian injury through modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation and Nrf2 pathway. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 82:127356. [PMID: 38086229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reproductive toxicity is one of the most important side effects of cisplatin (CIS) and leading to discontinuation of treatment. Syringic acid (SA) is a phenolic acid whose industrial use has increased in recent years due to its antioxidant properties. Recent reports highlight the importance of the supressed Nrf2 pathway in the molecular pathogenesis of CIS toxicity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of SA on CIS-induced ovotoxicity through the Nrf2 pathway for the first time. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty female rats were divided into 5 groups: control, CIS, CIS+SA (5 and 10 mg/kg) and only SA (per se, 10 mg/kg). CIS was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 5 mg/kg on the 1st day, injections of SA followed by three consecutive days in the rats. Serum anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels and ovarian oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), apoptosis and Nrf2 pathway markers were determined colorimetrically. Histopathological examinations of the ovaries with hematoxylin and eosin staining were also used to evaluate CIS-induced ovotoxicity. RESULTS The CIS treatment depleted serum AMH levels, caused histopathological findings and increased OS, inflammation, ERS and apoptosis levels in ovarian tissue. However, treatments with SA significantly ameliorated CIS-induced biochemical and histopathological changes by activating Nrf2 pathway. CONCLUSION The promising adjuvant potential of SA to alleviate CIS-related ovarian damage should be supported by more comprehensive studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ayazoglu Demir
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Macka Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, 61750 Trabzon, Turkey.
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2
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Escuder-Rodríguez JJ, Liang D, Jiang X, Sinicrope FA. Ferroptosis: Biology and Role in Gastrointestinal Disease. Gastroenterology 2024:S0016-5085(24)00239-7. [PMID: 38431204 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of nonapoptotic cell death that involves iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation induced by accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and results in plasma membrane damage and the release of damage-associated molecular patterns. Ferroptosis has been implicated in aging and immunity, as well as disease states including intestinal and liver conditions and cancer. To date, several ferroptosis-associated genes and pathways have been implicated in liver disease. Although ferroptotic cell death is associated with dysfunction of the intestinal epithelium, the underlying molecular basis is poorly understood. As the mechanisms regulating ferroptosis become further elucidated, there is clear potential to use ferroptosis to achieve therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-José Escuder-Rodríguez
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Research Unit, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Deguang Liang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
| | - Frank A Sinicrope
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Research Unit, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.
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3
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Marcellus KA, Bugiel S, Nunnikhoven A, Curran I, Gill SS. Polystyrene Nano- and Microplastic Particles Induce an Inflammatory Gene Expression Profile in Rat Neural Stem Cell-Derived Astrocytes In Vitro. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:429. [PMID: 38470760 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics are considered an emerging environmental pollutant due to their ubiquitous presence in the environment. However, the potential impact of microplastics on human health warrants further research. Recent studies have reported neurobehavioral and neurotoxic effects in marine and rodent models; however, their impact on the underlying cellular physiology in mammals remains unclear. Herein, we exposed neural stem cells and neural stem cell-derived astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and neurons to various sizes and concentrations of polystyrene nano- and microplastics. We investigated their cellular uptake, impact on cytotoxicity, and alteration of gene expression through transcriptome profiling. The cell type most affected by decreased viability were astrocytes after 7 days of repeated exposure. Transcriptional analysis showed that 1274 genes were differentially expressed in astrocytes exposed to 500 nm microplastics, but only 531 genes were altered in astrocytes exposed to 50 nm nanoplastics. Both canonical pathway and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that upregulated pathways were involved in neuroinflammation, innate and adaptive immunity, cell migration, proliferation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and cytoskeleton structures. The downregulated pathways were involved in lipid metabolism, specifically fatty acid oxidation and cholesterol metabolism. Our results show that neural stem cell-derived astrocytes repeatedly exposed to nano- and microplastics for 7 days undergo changes that are hallmarks of astrogliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Marcellus
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Steven Bugiel
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Andrée Nunnikhoven
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Ivan Curran
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Santokh S Gill
- Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
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4
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Kong J, Cheng W, Chang L, Yu J, Wang R, Xie J. Effects of HMGB1/TLR4 on secretion IL-10 and VEGF in human jaw bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Appl Oral Sci 2024; 32:e20230304. [PMID: 38359267 PMCID: PMC10984578 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway on the expression of IL-10 and VEGF in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODOLOGY Human JBMSCs were isolated and cultured. Then, HMGB1 was added into the JBMSCs culture medium, and the protein and mRNA expression levels of IL-10 and VEGF were assessed. Moreover, cells were pretreated with a specific TLR4 inhibitor (TAK-242), and the expression changes of IL-10 and VEGF were compared. RESULTS Compared with the control group, exposure to HMGB1 in human JBMSCs up-regulated TLR4, IL-10, and VEGF secretion at both protein and mRNA levels (P<0. 05). In addition, the increased expression of IL-10 and VEGF could be restrained in TAK-242 group compared with the HMGB1 group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that HMGB1 activate TLR4 signaling pathway in Human JBMSCs, which plays a regulatory role in cytokines expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Kong
- Jinan Stomatological HospitalDepartment of ProsthodonticsChinaJinan Stomatological Hospital, Department of Prosthodontics, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Wei Cheng
- Jinan Stomatological HospitalDepartment of ProsthodonticsChinaJinan Stomatological Hospital, Department of Prosthodontics, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Lianzhen Chang
- Jinan Stomatological HospitalDepartment of PeriodontistChinaJinan Stomatological Hospital, Department of Periodontist, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Jingyi Yu
- Jinan Stomatological HospitalDepartment of ProsthodonticsChinaJinan Stomatological Hospital, Department of Prosthodontics, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Ronglin Wang
- Jinan Stomatological HospitalDepartment of ProsthodonticsChinaJinan Stomatological Hospital, Department of Prosthodontics, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Jianli Xie
- Jinan Stomatological HospitalDepartment of ProsthodonticsChinaJinan Stomatological Hospital, Department of Prosthodontics, Shandong Province, China.
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5
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Sharma A, Goel A, Lin Z. Analysis of anti-rheumatic activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis via in vivo and pharmacovigilance approaches. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1307799. [PMID: 38116080 PMCID: PMC10728290 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1307799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immune-mediated disease associated with chronic inflammation of numerous joints. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (NAT) is a traditional remedy for RA, a chronic inflammatory disorder. Aim: The current project aims to demonstrate the role of the NAT extracts in sub-acute toxicity, pharmacovigilance, and anti-rheumatic biomarkers. Method: Hydroethanolic extract (1:1) of plant leaves was prepared by using the reflux method. The safety of the dose was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats, and the anti-inflammatory effects of NAT on RA symptoms, including paw volumes, body weight, arthritic index, withdrawal latency, hematology and serological test, radiology, and histopathology, were evaluated in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritis Sprague-Dawley rat models. The inflammatory (TNF-α and COX-2) and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10) were analyzed in control and experimental groups. Result: The study showed that 500 mg/kg BW NAT leaf extract was found to be least toxic without showing any subacute toxicity symptoms. The pharmacovigilance study highlighted the potential side effects of NAT, such as drowsiness, sedation, and lethargy, at high dosages. Treatment with the plant extract mitigated paw edema, restored the immune organ and body weights, and ameliorated the level of blood parameters such as hemoglobin, red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), C-reactive proteins, and rheumatoid factor. Treatment with the plant extracts also reduced the level of cyclooxygenase 2 and TNF-α and increased the level of IL-10 in the serum of arthritic rats dose-dependently. Radiographic analysis of the ankle joint showed an improvement in the hind legs. Histological examination of the ankle joints revealed that the plant extract treatment decreased pannus formation, inflammation, and synovial hyperplasia in arthritic animals. Conclusion: NAT 500 mg/kg could serve as a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anjana Goel
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Zhijian Lin
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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6
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Yoo SH, Jue MJ, Kim YH, Cho S, Kim WJ, Kim KM, Han JI, Lee H. The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Mini-Cog Score and High-Mobility Group Box 1 Levels in Elderly Patients with Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6610. [PMID: 37892748 PMCID: PMC10607676 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine prevents postoperative cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), which acts as an inflammatory marker. This study investigated the HMGB1 levels and the cognitive function using a Mini-Cog© score in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery with dexmedetomidine infusion. In total, 128 patients aged ≥ 65 years were analyzed. The patients received saline in the control group and dexmedetomidine in the dexmedetomidine group until the end of surgery. Blood sampling and the Mini-Cog© test were performed before the surgery and on postoperative days 1 and 3. The primary outcomes were the effect of dexmedetomidine on the HMGB1 levels and the Mini-Cog© score in terms of postoperative cognitive function. The Mini-Cog© score over time differed significantly between the groups (p = 0.008), with an increase in the dexmedetomidine group. The postoperative HMGB1 levels increased over time in both groups; however, there was no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.969). The probability of perioperative neurocognitive disorders decreased by 0.48 times as the Mini-Cog© score on postoperative day 3 increased by 1 point. Intraoperative dexmedetomidine has shown an increase in the postoperative Mini-Cog© score. Thus, the Mini-Cog© score is a potential tool for evaluating cognitive function in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hee Yoo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (S.H.Y.); (M.J.J.); (S.C.); (W.-j.K.); (J.I.H.)
| | - Mi Jin Jue
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (S.H.Y.); (M.J.J.); (S.C.); (W.-j.K.); (J.I.H.)
| | - Yu-Hee Kim
- Advanced Biomedical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sooyoung Cho
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (S.H.Y.); (M.J.J.); (S.C.); (W.-j.K.); (J.I.H.)
| | - Won-joong Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (S.H.Y.); (M.J.J.); (S.C.); (W.-j.K.); (J.I.H.)
| | - Kye-Min Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul 01757, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jong In Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (S.H.Y.); (M.J.J.); (S.C.); (W.-j.K.); (J.I.H.)
| | - Heeseung Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (S.H.Y.); (M.J.J.); (S.C.); (W.-j.K.); (J.I.H.)
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7
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Ren W, Zhao L, Sun Y, Wang X, Shi X. HMGB1 and Toll-like receptors: potential therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases. Mol Med 2023; 29:117. [PMID: 37667233 PMCID: PMC10478470 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00717-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HMGB1, a nucleoprotein, is expressed in almost all eukaryotic cells. During cell activation and cell death, HMGB1 can function as an alarm protein (alarmin) or damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) and mediate early inflammatory and immune response when it is translocated to the extracellular space. The binding of extracellular HMGB1 to Toll-like receptors (TLRs), such as TLR2 and TLR4 transforms HMGB1 into a pro-inflammatory cytokine, contributing to the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases. TLRs, which are members of a family of pattern recognition receptors, can bind to endogenous DAMPs and activate the innate immune response. Additionally, TLRs are key signaling molecules mediating the immune response and play a critical role in the host defense against pathogens and the maintenance of immune balance. HMGB1 and TLRs are reported to be upregulated in several autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and autoimmune thyroid disease. The expression levels of HMGB1 and some TLRs are upregulated in tissues of patients with autoimmune diseases and animal models of autoimmune diseases. The suppression of HMGB1 and TLRs inhibits the progression of inflammation in animal models. Thus, HMGB1 and TLRs are indispensable biomarkers and important therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases. This review provides comprehensive strategies for treating or preventing autoimmune diseases discovered in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xichang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoguang Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
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8
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Young MD, Cancio TS, Thorpe CR, Willis RP, Snook JK, Jordan BS, Demons ST, Salinas J, Yang Z. Circulatory HMGB1 is an early predictive and prognostic biomarker of ARDS and mortality in a swine model of polytrauma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1227751. [PMID: 37520569 PMCID: PMC10382277 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1227751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in polytrauma patients. Pharmacological treatments of ARDS are lacking, and ARDS patients rely on supportive care. Accurate diagnosis of ARDS is vital for early intervention and improved outcomes but is presently delayed up to days. The use of biomarkers for early identification of ARDS development is a potential solution. Inflammatory mediators high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), syndecan-1 (SDC-1), and C3a have been previously proposed as potential biomarkers. For this study, we analyzed these biomarkers in animals undergoing smoke inhalation and 40% total body surface area burns, followed by intensive care for 72 h post-injury (PI) to determine their association with ARDS and mortality. We found that the levels of inflammatory mediators in serum were affected, as well as the degree of HMGB1 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal activation in the lung. The results showed significantly increased HMGB1 expression levels in animals that developed ARDS compared with those that did not. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that HMGB1 levels at 6 h PI were significantly associated with ARDS development (AUROC=0.77) and mortality (AUROC=0.82). Logistic regression analysis revealed that levels of HMGB1 ≥24.10 ng/ml are associated with a 13-fold higher incidence of ARDS [OR:13.57 (2.76-104.3)], whereas the levels of HMGB1 ≥31.39 ng/ml are associated with a 12-fold increase in mortality [OR: 12.00 (2.36-93.47)]. In addition, we found that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapeutic treatment led to a significant decrease in systemic HMGB1 elevation but failed to block SDC-1 and C3a increases. Immunohistochemistry analyses showed that smoke inhalation and burn injury induced the expression of HMGB1 and TLR4 and stimulated co-localization of HMGB1 and TLR4 in the lung. Interestingly, MSC treatment reduced the presence of HMGB1, TLR4, and the HMGB1-TLR4 co-localization. These results show that serum HMGB1 is a prognostic biomarker for predicting the incidence of ARDS and mortality in swine with smoke inhalation and burn injury. Therapeutically blocking HMGB1 signal activation might be an effective approach for attenuating ARDS development in combat casualties or civilian patients.
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9
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Golub A, Ordak M, Nasierowski T, Bujalska-Zadrozny M. Advanced Biomarkers of Hepatotoxicity in Psychiatry: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for New Psychoactive Substances. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119413. [PMID: 37298365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the factors that increase the effectiveness of the pharmacotherapy used in patients abusing various types of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) is the proper functioning of the liver. However, the articles published to date on NPS hepatotoxicity only address non-specific hepatic parameters. The aim of this manuscript was to review three advanced markers of hepatotoxicity in psychiatry, namely, osteopontin (OPN), high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and glutathione dehydrogenase (GDH, GLDH), and, on this basis, to identify recommendations that should be included in future studies in patients abusing NPSs. This will make it possible to determine whether NPSs do indeed have a hepatotoxic effect or whether other factors, such as additional substances taken or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, are responsible. NPS abusers are at particular risk of HCV infection, and for this reason, it is all the more important to determine what factors actually show a hepatotoxic effect in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniela Golub
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Ordak
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Nasierowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowowiejska 27 Str., 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrozny
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Banushi B, Joseph SR, Lum B, Lee JJ, Simpson F. Endocytosis in cancer and cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2023:10.1038/s41568-023-00574-6. [PMID: 37217781 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis is a complex process whereby cell surface proteins, lipids and fluid from the extracellular environment are packaged, sorted and internalized into cells. Endocytosis is also a mechanism of drug internalization into cells. There are multiple routes of endocytosis that determine the fate of molecules, from degradation in the lysosomes to recycling back to the plasma membrane. The overall rates of endocytosis and temporal regulation of molecules transiting through endocytic pathways are also intricately linked with signalling outcomes. This process relies on an array of factors, such as intrinsic amino acid motifs and post-translational modifications. Endocytosis is frequently disrupted in cancer. These disruptions lead to inappropriate retention of receptor tyrosine kinases on the tumour cell membrane, changes in the recycling of oncogenic molecules, defective signalling feedback loops and loss of cell polarity. In the past decade, endocytosis has emerged as a pivotal regulator of nutrient scavenging, response to and regulation of immune surveillance and tumour immune evasion, tumour metastasis and therapeutic drug delivery. This Review summarizes and integrates these advances into the understanding of endocytosis in cancer. The potential to regulate these pathways in the clinic to improve cancer therapy is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blerida Banushi
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shannon R Joseph
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Benedict Lum
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason J Lee
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
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11
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Choi M, Shin J, Lee CE, Chung JY, Kim M, Yan X, Yang WH, Cha JH. Immunogenic cell death in cancer immunotherapy. BMB Rep 2023; 56:275-286. [PMID: 37081756 PMCID: PMC10230015 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2023-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has been acknowledged as a new paradigm for cancer treatment, with notable therapeutic effects on certain cancer types. Despite their significant potential, clinical studies over the past decade have revealed that cancer immunotherapy has low response rates in the majority of solid tumors. One of the key causes for poor responses is known to be the relatively low immunogenicity of solid tumors. Because most solid tumors are immune desert 'cold tumors' with antitumor immunity blocked from the onset of innate immunity, combination therapies that combine validated T-based therapies with approaches that can increase tumor-immunogenicity are being considered as relevant therapeutic options. This review paper focuses on immunogenic cell death (ICD) as a way of enhancing immunogenicity in tumor tissues. We will thoroughly review how ICDs such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis can improve anti-tumor immunity and outline clinical trials targeting ICD. Finally, we will discuss the potential of ICD inducers. as an adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy.[BMB Reports 2023; 56(5): 275-286].
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
| | - Jisoo Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
| | - Chae-Eun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
| | - Joo-Yoon Chung
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
| | - Xiuwen Yan
- Affiliated Cancer Institute & Hospital and Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 910095, China, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hao Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Ho Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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12
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Choi M, Shin J, Lee CE, Chung JY, Kim M, Yan X, Yang WH, Cha JH. Immunogenic cell death in cancer immunotherapy. BMB Rep 2023; 56:275-286. [PMID: 37081756 PMCID: PMC10230015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has been acknowledged as a new paradigm for cancer treatment, with notable therapeutic effects on certain cancer types. Despite their significant potential, clinical studies over the past decade have revealed that cancer immunotherapy has low response rates in the majority of solid tumors. One of the key causes for poor responses is known to be the relatively low immunogenicity of solid tumors. Because most solid tumors are immune desert 'cold tumors' with antitumor immunity blocked from the onset of innate immunity, combination therapies that combine validated T-based therapies with approaches that can increase tumor-immunogenicity are being considered as relevant therapeutic options. This review paper focuses on immunogenic cell death (ICD) as a way of enhancing immunogenicity in tumor tissues. We will thoroughly review how ICDs such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis can improve anti-tumor immunity and outline clinical trials targeting ICD. Finally, we will discuss the potential of ICD inducers. as an adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy.[BMB Reports 2023; 56(5): 275-286].
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
| | - Jisoo Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
| | - Chae-Eun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
| | - Joo-Yoon Chung
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
| | - Xiuwen Yan
- Affiliated Cancer Institute & Hospital and Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 910095, China, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hao Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Ho Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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13
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de Oliveira Rodrigues Junior E, de Santana IR, Durço AO, Conceição LSR, Barreto AS, Menezes IAC, Roman-Campos D, Dos Santos MRV. The effects of flavonoids in experimental sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 37115723 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a host's dysregulated immune response to an infection associated with systemic inflammation and excessive oxidative stress, which can cause multiple organ failure and death. The literature suggests that flavonoids, a broad class of secondary plant metabolites, have numerous biological activities which can be valuable in the treatment of sepsis. This study aimed to review the effects of flavonoids on experimental sepsis, focusing mainly on survival rate, and also summarizing information on its mechanisms of action. We searched in the main databases up to November 2022 using relevant keywords, and data were extracted and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Thirty-two articles met the study criteria for review and 29 for meta-analysis. Overall, 30 different flavonoids were used in the studies. The flavonoids were able to strongly inhibit inflammatory response by reducing the levels of important pro-inflammatory mediators, for example, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1β, oxidative stress, and showed antibacterial and anti-apoptotic actions. The meta-analysis found an increase of 50% in survival rate of the animals treated with flavonoids. They appear to act as multi-target drugs and may be an excellent therapeutic alternative to reduce a number of the complications caused by sepsis, and consequently, to improve survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Izabel Rodrigues de Santana
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, Sergipe, Brazil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Hospital Universitário, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Aimée Obolari Durço
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Hospital Universitário, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Lino Sérgio Rocha Conceição
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Sergipe, Hospital Universitário, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - André Sales Barreto
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Hospital Universitário, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Department of Health Education, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Danilo Roman-Campos
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Roberto Viana Dos Santos
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, Sergipe, Brazil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Hospital Universitário, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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14
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Lorvellec M, Chouquet A, Koch J, Bally I, Signor L, Vigne J, Dalonneau F, Thielens NM, Rabilloud T, Dalzon B, Rossi V, Gaboriaud C. HMGB1 cleavage by complement C1s and its potent anti-inflammatory product. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1151731. [PMID: 37180096 PMCID: PMC10169756 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1151731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement C1s association with the pathogenesis of several diseases cannot be simply explained only by considering its main role in activating the classical complement pathway. This suggests that non-canonical functions are to be deciphered for this protease. Here the focus is on C1s cleavage of HMGB1 as an auxiliary target. HMGB1 is a chromatin non-histone nuclear protein, which exerts in fact multiple functions depending on its location and its post-translational modifications. In the extracellular compartment, HMGB1 can amplify immune and inflammatory responses to danger associated molecular patterns, in health and disease. Among possible regulatory mechanisms, proteolytic processing could be highly relevant for HMGB1 functional modulation. The unique properties of HMGB1 cleavage by C1s are analyzed in details. For example, C1s cannot cleave the HMGB1 A-box fragment, which has been described in the literature as an inhibitor/antagonist of HMGB1. By mass spectrometry, C1s cleavage was experimentally identified to occur after lysine on position 65, 128 and 172 in HMGB1. Compared to previously identified C1s cleavage sites, the ones identified here are uncommon, and their analysis suggests that local conformational changes are required before cleavage at certain positions. This is in line with the observation that HMGB1 cleavage by C1s is far slower when compared to human neutrophil elastase. Recombinant expression of cleavage fragments and site-directed mutagenesis were used to confirm these results and to explore how the output of C1s cleavage on HMGB1 is finely modulated by the molecular environment. Furthermore, knowing the antagonist effect of the isolated recombinant A-box subdomain in several pathophysiological contexts, we wondered if C1s cleavage could generate natural antagonist fragments. As a functional readout, IL-6 secretion following moderate LPS activation of RAW264.7 macrophage was investigated, using LPS alone or in complex with HMGB1 or some recombinant fragments. This study revealed that a N-terminal fragment released by C1s cleavage bears stronger antagonist properties as compared to the A-box, which was not expected. We discuss how this fragment could provide a potent brake for the inflammatory process, opening the way to dampen inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lorvellec
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Chouquet
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Jonas Koch
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Bally
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Luca Signor
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Jeanne Vigne
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabien Dalonneau
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Nicole M. Thielens
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Thierry Rabilloud
- Chemistry and Biology of Metals, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5249, CEA, IRIG-LCBM, Grenoble, France
| | - Bastien Dalzon
- Chemistry and Biology of Metals, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5249, CEA, IRIG-LCBM, Grenoble, France
| | - Véronique Rossi
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Christine Gaboriaud
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
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15
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Vitali R, Mancuso AB, Palone F, Pioli C, Cesi V, Negroni A, Cucchiara S, Oliva S, Carissimi C, Laudadio I, Stronati L. PARP1 Activation Induces HMGB1 Secretion Promoting Intestinal Inflammation in Mice and Human Intestinal Organoids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087096. [PMID: 37108260 PMCID: PMC10138503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) has been recently reported to promote HMGB1 acetylation and its secretion outside cells. In this study, the relationship between HMGB1 and PARP1 in controlling intestinal inflammation was explored. C57BL6/J wild type (WT) and PARP1-/- mice were treated with DSS to induce acute colitis, or with the DSS and PARP1 inhibitor, PJ34. Human intestinal organoids, which are originated from ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, were exposed to pro-inflammatory cytokines (INFγ + TNFα) to induce intestinal inflammation, or coexposed to cytokines and PJ34. Results show that PARP1-/- mice develop less severe colitis than WT mice, evidenced by a significant decrease in fecal and serum HMGB1, and, similarly, treating WT mice with PJ34 reduces the secreted HMGB1. The exposure of intestinal organoids to pro-inflammatory cytokines results in PARP1 activation and HMGB1 secretion; nevertheless, the co-exposure to PJ34, significantly reduces the release of HMGB1, improving inflammation and oxidative stress. Finally, HMGB1 release during inflammation is associated with its PARP1-induced PARylation in RAW264.7 cells. These findings offer novel evidence that PARP1 favors HMGB1 secretion in intestinal inflammation and suggest that impairing PARP1 might be a novel approach to manage IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Vitali
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Barbara Mancuso
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Palone
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pioli
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cesi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Negroni
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cucchiara
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Oliva
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Carissimi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Laudadio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Stronati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
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16
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DeWulf B, Minsart L, Verdonk F, Kruys V, Piagnerelli M, Maze M, Saxena S. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1): Potential Target in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071088. [PMID: 37048161 PMCID: PMC10093266 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) remains a challenge for intensivists that is exacerbated by lack of an effective diagnostic tool and an unambiguous definition to properly identify SAE patients. Risk factors for SAE development include age, genetic factors as well as pre-existing neuropsychiatric conditions. Sepsis due to certain infection sites/origins might be more prone to encephalopathy development than other cases. Currently, ICU management of SAE is mainly based on non-pharmacological support. Pre-clinical studies have described the role of the alarmin high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the complex pathogenesis of SAE. Although there are limited data available about the role of HMGB1 in neuroinflammation following sepsis, it has been implicated in other neurologic disorders, where its translocation from the nucleus to the extracellular space has been found to trigger neuroinflammatory reactions and disrupt the blood–brain barrier. Negating the inflammatory cascade, by targeting HMGB1, may be a strategy to complement non-pharmacologic interventions directed against encephalopathy. This review describes inflammatory cascades implicating HMGB1 and strategies for its use to mitigate sepsis-induced encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram DeWulf
- Department of Anesthesia—Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan Brugge Oostende AV, 8000 Bruges, Belgium
| | - Laurens Minsart
- Department of Anesthesia, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Franck Verdonk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, GRC 29, DMU DREAM, Hôpital Saint-Antoine and Sorbonne University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Kruys
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Gene, Department of Molecular Biology, Free University of Brussels (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Michael Piagnerelli
- Department of Intensive Care, CHU-Charleroi, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6042 Charleroi, Belgium
- Experimental Medicine Laboratory (ULB Unit 222), CHU-Charleroi, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6110 Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium
| | - Mervyn Maze
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sarah Saxena
- Department of Anesthesia—Critical Care, AZ Sint-Jan Brugge Oostende AV, 8000 Bruges, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Gene, Department of Molecular Biology, Free University of Brussels (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
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17
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Febrile Urinary Tract Infections in Children: The Role of High Mobility Group Box-1. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:children10010047. [PMID: 36670598 PMCID: PMC9856601 DOI: 10.3390/children10010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differentiating between febrile lower urinary tract infection (LUTI) and acute pyelonephritis (APN) is crucial for prompt clinical management. We investigated whether the high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) could be a useful biomarker in differentiating between LUTI or APN. METHODS We enrolled seventy-four pediatric patients with suspected LUTI/APN, according to the positive or negative renal scintigraphy (DMSA) scan. If the first DMSA findings were abnormal, a second DMSA was performed after six months. Voiding cystourethrography ruled out vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). RESULTS Higher serum (s) HMGB1 levels characterized the APN group when compared to LUTI patients (13.3 (11.8-14.3) versus 5.9 (5.2-6.8) ng/mL, p: 0.02), whereas there were no differences according to urine (u) HMGB1 values. sHMGB1 correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (β = 0.47; p: 0.02). Receiver operating characteristic curves identified the best diagnostic profile for detecting APN. sHMGB1 area under the curve was different from CRP (p: 0.01) and white blood cells (p: 0.003). After multivariate analyses, VUR (HR:4.81) and sHMGB1 (HR 1.16; p: 0.006) were independently associated with the risk of renal scarring development. CONCLUSIONS sHMGB1 could represent a marker to differentiate APN from LUTI. Measurement of sHMGB1 could select children for early intervention or long-term follow-up.
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18
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Wang H. Regulation of HMGB1 Release in Health and Diseases. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010046. [PMID: 36611839 PMCID: PMC9818800 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost a half century ago, a group of nuclear proteins were co-purified with histones from calf thymus and termed as "high mobility group" (HMG) proteins because of their relative rapid mobility on SDS-PAGE gels [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Wang
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
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19
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Zou C, Liu L, Huang C, Hu S. Baiying qingmai formulation ameliorates thromboangiitis obliterans by inhibiting HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB signaling pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1018438. [PMID: 36304158 PMCID: PMC9592700 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1018438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Baiying Qingmai Formulation (BF) is a classical clinical prescription used for decades to treat thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO). Although it effectively relieves pain and ischemic ulcers in patients with TAO, its anti-TAO mechanisms remain unclear. The chemical components of BF were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography and the potential targets of the compounds identified in BF were analyzed using molecular docking. Further, the signaling pathways and molecular mechanism of BF in treating TAO were studied using a rat model of TAO. Seven compounds (gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, paeoniflorin, quercetin, and paeonol) were identified in BF, and molecular docking predicted their high affinities with HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB proteins. In in vivo studies, BF not only inhibited the protein expression of HMGB1, RAGE, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1; mRNA levels of HMGB1 and RAGE; and the phosphorylation of NF-κB, ERK, Janus kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK in the femoral artery, but also reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, HMGB1) and stable metabolite (TXB2) of cytokine promoting thrombosis (TXA2) in the plasma. Moreover, BF stimulated the secretion of stable metabolite (6-keto-PGF1α) of cytokine inhibiting thrombosis (PGI2) in the plasma. BF inhibited the inflammatory response and thrombosis in the femoral artery, thus reducing the degree of vascular occlusion, which alleviated the symptoms in rats with TAO. Our findings suggest that BF ameliorates TAO by inhibiting the activation of the ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK and HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB signaling pathways, thereby providing novel ideas for the treatment of TAO and essential information for the further development and utilization of BF as a promising drug to treat TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongchong Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuanqi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Song Hu,
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20
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Kumari S, Sharma S, Advani D, Khosla A, Kumar P, Ambasta RK. Unboxing the molecular modalities of mutagens in cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62111-62159. [PMID: 34611806 PMCID: PMC8492102 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16726-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of the majority of human cancers is associated with a myriad of environmental causes, including physical, chemical, and biological factors. DNA damage induced by such mutagens is the initial step in the process of carcinogenesis resulting in the accumulation of mutations. Mutational events are considered the major triggers for introducing genetic and epigenetic insults such as DNA crosslinks, single- and double-strand DNA breaks, formation of DNA adducts, mismatched bases, modification in histones, DNA methylation, and microRNA alterations. However, DNA repair mechanisms are devoted to protect the DNA to ensure genetic stability, any aberrations in these calibrated mechanisms provoke cancer occurrence. Comprehensive knowledge of the type of mutagens and carcinogens and the influence of these agents in DNA damage and cancer induction is crucial to develop rational anticancer strategies. This review delineated the molecular mechanism of DNA damage and the repair pathways to provide a deep understanding of the molecular basis of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. A relationship between DNA adduct formation and cancer incidence has also been summarized. The mechanistic basis of inflammatory response and oxidative damage triggered by mutagens in tumorigenesis has also been highlighted. We elucidated the interesting interplay between DNA damage response and immune system mechanisms. We addressed the current understanding of DNA repair targeted therapies and DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment and discussed how antiviral agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunotherapeutic agents combined with traditional approaches lay the foundations for future cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Kumari
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Sudhanshu Sharma
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Dia Advani
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Akanksha Khosla
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
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21
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Zhang C, Wang H, Wang H, Shi S, Zhao P, Su Y, Wang H, Yang M, Fang M. A microsatellite DNA-derived oligodeoxynucleotide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting the HMGB1-TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:964112. [PMID: 35992691 PMCID: PMC9386506 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.964112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) with uncontrolled inflammatory response has high morbidity and mortality rates in critically ill patients. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are involved in the development of uncontrolled inflammatory response injury and associated lethality. In this study, we investigated the inhibit effect of MS19, a microsatellite DNA-derived oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) with AAAG repeats, on the inflammatory response induced by various PAMPs in vitro and in vivo. In parallel, a microsatellite DNA with AAAC repeats, named as MS19-C, was used as controls. We found that MS19 extensively inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induced by various PAMPs stimulation, including DNA viruses, RNA viruses, bacterial components lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and curdlan, as well as the dsDNA and dsRNA mimics, in primed bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM). Other than various PAMPs, MS19 also demonstrated obvious effects on blocking the high mobility group box1 (HMGB1), a representative damage-associated-molecular pattern (DAMP), nuclear translocation and secretion. With the base substitution from G to C, MS19-C has been proved that it has lost the inhibitory effect. The inhibition is associated with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling but not the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) transduction. Moreover, MS19 capable of inhibiting the IL-6 and TNF-α production and blocking the HMGB1 nuclear translocation and secretion in LPS-stimulated cells was used to treat mice ALI induced by LPS in vivo. In the ALI mice model, MS19 significantly inhibited the weight loss and displayed the dramatic effect on lessening the ALI by reducing consolidation, hemorrhage, intra-alveolar edema in lungs of the mice. Meanwhile, MS19 could increase the survival rate of ALI by downregulating the inflammation cytokines HMGB1, TNF-a, and IL-6 production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The data suggest that MS19 might display its therapeutic role on ALI by inhibiting the HMGB1-TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghua Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Endoscopy, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongrui Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuyou Shi
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Peiyan Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Ming Yang,
| | - Mingli Fang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Mingli Fang,
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22
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Gaboriaud C, Lorvellec M, Rossi V, Dumestre-Pérard C, Thielens NM. Complement System and Alarmin HMGB1 Crosstalk: For Better or Worse. Front Immunol 2022; 13:869720. [PMID: 35572583 PMCID: PMC9095977 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.869720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our immune system responds to infectious (PAMPs) and tissue damage (DAMPs) signals. The complement system and alarmin High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) are two powerful soluble actors of human host defense and immune surveillance. These systems involve molecular cascades and amplification loops for their signaling or activation. Initially activated as alarm raising systems, their function can be finally switched towards inflammation resolution, where they sustain immune maturation and orchestrate repair mechanisms, opening the way back to homeostasis. However, when getting out of control, these defense systems can become deleterious and trigger serious cellular and tissue damage. Therefore, they can be considered as double-edged swords. The close interaction between the complement and HMGB1 pathways is described here, as well as their traditional and non-canonical roles, their functioning at different locations and their independent and collective impact in different systems both in health and disease. Starting from these systems and interplay at the molecular level (when elucidated), we then provide disease examples to better illustrate the signs and consequences of their roles and interaction, highlighting their importance and possible vicious circles in alarm raising and inflammation, both individually or in combination. Although this integrated view may open new therapeutic strategies, future challenges have to be faced because of the remaining unknowns regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the fragile molecular balance which can drift towards disease or return to homeostasis, as briefly discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chantal Dumestre-Pérard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Pôle de Biologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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23
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CgHMGB1 functions as a broad-spectrum recognition molecule to induce the expressions of CgIL17-5 and Cgdefh2 via MAPK or NF-κB signaling pathway in Crassostrea gigas. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 211:289-300. [PMID: 35525493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a highly conserved nucleoprotein, functions in immune recognition, inflammation and antibacterial immunization in vertebrates. In the present study, the mediation mechanism of CgHMGB1 in activating MAPK and NF-κB/Rel signaling pathways to induce the expressions of immune effectors was investigated. CgHMGB1 mRNA was detected in all tested developmental stages from fertilized egg to D-larvae, with the higher expressions in 4-cell and 8-cell stages. CgHMGB1 proteins were mainly distributed in haemocyte granulocytes. The expressions of CgHMGB1 mRNA in haemocytes increased significantly after Vibrio splendidus stimulation, and CgHMGB1 protein translocated into the haemocyte cytoplasm and release into cell-free haemolymph. The phosphorylation of CgERK and CgP38 were induced, the nuclear translocation of CgRel were promoted, and the mRNA expressions of CgIL17-5 and Cgdefh2 increased significantly after rCgHMGB1 treatment. Obvious branchial swelling and cilium shedding were observed after rCgHMGB1 treatment. rCgHMGB1 exhibited binding activity to different polysaccharides, bacteria, and fungi. rCgHMGB1 also displayed obvious antibacterial activity to V. splendidus and E. coli. These results indicated that CgHMGB1 functioned as an immune recognition molecule to recognize various PAMPs and bacteria to induce the mRNA expressions of CgIL17-5 and Cgdefh2 via the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in oysters.
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24
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Dong Y, Ming B, Dong L. The Role of HMGB1 in Rheumatic Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:815257. [PMID: 35250993 PMCID: PMC8892237 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.815257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
HMGB1, a highly conserved non-histone nuclear protein, is widely expressed in mammalian cells. HMGB1 in the nucleus binds to the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to regulate the structure of chromosomes and maintain the transcription, replication, DNA repair, and nucleosome assembly. HMGB1 is actively or passively released into the extracellular region during cells activation or necrosis. Extracellular HMGB1 as an alarmin can initiate immune response alone or combined with other substances such as nucleic acid to participate in multiple biological processes. It has been reported that HMGB1 is involved in various inflammatory responses and autoimmunity. This review article summarizes the physiological function of HMGB1, the post-translational modification of HMGB1, its interaction with different receptors, and its recent advances in rheumatic diseases and strategies for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanji Dong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingxia Ming
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingli Dong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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25
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Bi Q, Sun ZJ, Wu JY, Wang W. Ferroptosis-Mediated Formation of Tumor-Promoting Immune Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:868639. [PMID: 35372083 PMCID: PMC8971052 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.868639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly proposed programmed cell death that has great potential in limiting tumor progression and malignancies that are resistant to conventional therapies. However, recent reports have shown that ferroptosis in the tumor microenvironment can provide a favorable environment to promote tumor survival and progression, which is induced by the infiltration and polarization of pro-tumor immune cells and the dysfunction of anti-tumor immunity. In this mini-review, we introduce the mechanisms of ferroptosis, describe the crosstalk between ferroptosis and cancer, demonstrate the potential ways in which ferroptosis shapes the pro-tumor immune microenvironment, and present our thoughts on ferroptosis-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Bi
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ze-jia Sun
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-yue Wu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Wang,
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26
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HMGB1 Inhibition to Ameliorate Organ Failure and Increase Survival in Trauma. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010101. [PMID: 35053249 PMCID: PMC8773879 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several preclinical and clinical reports have demonstrated that levels of circulating high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) are increased early after trauma and are associated with systemic inflammation and clinical outcomes. However, the mechanisms of the interaction between HMGB1 and inflammatory mediators that lead to the development of remote organ damage after trauma remain obscure. HMGB1 and inflammatory mediators were analyzed in plasma from 54 combat casualties, collected on admission to a military hospital in Iraq, and at 8 and 24 h after admission. In total, 45 (83%) of these patients had traumatic brain injury (TBI). Nine healthy volunteers were enrolled as controls. HMGB1 plasma levels were significantly increased in the first 8 h after admission, and were found to be associated with systemic inflammatory responses, injury severity score, and presence of TBI. These data provided the rationale for designing experiments in rats subjected to blast injury and hemorrhage, to explore the effect of HMGB1 inhibition by CX-01 (2-O, 3-O desulfated heparin). Animals were cannulated, then recovered for 5–7 days before blast injury in a shock tube and volume-controlled hemorrhage. Blast injury and hemorrhage induced an early increase in HMGB1 plasma levels along with severe tissue damage and high mortality. CX-01 inhibited systemic HMGB1 activity, decreased local and systemic inflammatory responses, significantly reduced tissue and organ damage, and tended to increase survival. These data suggest that CX-01 has potential as an adjuvant treatment for traumatic hemorrhage.
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27
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Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhang J, Huang S. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of 6% HES 200/0.5 on RAW264.7 Cells Induced by LPS through HMGB1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.31.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yantaishan Hospital
| | - Yongli Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 80th Army Hospital of People’s Liberation Army
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28
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An Update on the Pathogenic Role of Neutrophils in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Adult-Onset Still's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313038. [PMID: 34884842 PMCID: PMC8657670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are innate immune phagocytes that play a key role in immune defense against invading pathogens. The main offensive mechanisms of neutrophils are the phagocytosis of pathogens, release of granules, and production of cytokines. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been described as a novel defense mechanism in the literature. NETs are a network of fibers assembled from chromatin deoxyribonucleic acid, histones, and neutrophil granule proteins that have the ability to kill pathogens, while they can also cause toxic effects in hosts. Activated neutrophils with NET formation stimulate autoimmune responses related to a wide range of inflammatory autoimmune diseases by exposing autoantigens in susceptible individuals. The association between increased NET formation and autoimmunity was first reported in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-related vasculitis, and the role of NETs in various diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis, has since been elucidated in research. Herein, we discuss the mechanistic role of neutrophils, including NETs, in the pathogenesis of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) and adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD), and provide their clinical values as biomarkers for monitoring and prognosis.
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29
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Saxena S, Kruys V, De Jongh R, Vamecq J, Maze M. High-Mobility Group Box-1 and Its Potential Role in Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders. Cells 2021; 10:2582. [PMID: 34685561 PMCID: PMC8533835 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aseptic surgical trauma provokes the release of HMGB1, which engages the innate immune response after binding to pattern-recognition receptors on circulating bone marrow-derived monocytes (BM-DM). The initial systemic inflammation, together with HMGB1, disrupts the blood-brain barrier allowing penetration of CCR2-expressing BM-DMs into the hippocampus, attracted by the chemokine MCP-1 that is upregulated by HMGB1. Within the brain parenchyma quiescent microglia are activated and, together with the translocated BM-DMs, release proinflammatory cytokines that disrupt synaptic plasticity and hence memory formation and retention, resulting in postoperative cognitive decline (PCD). Neutralizing antibodies to HMGB1 prevents the inflammatory response to trauma and PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Saxena
- Department of Anesthesia, University Hospital Center (CHU de Charleroi), 6000 Charleroi, Belgium;
| | - Véronique Kruys
- ULB Immunology Research Center (UIRC), Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Gene, Department of Molecular Biology, Free University of Brussels (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium;
| | - Raf De Jongh
- Department of Anesthesia, Fondation Hopale, 62600 Berck-sur-Mer, France;
| | - Joseph Vamecq
- Inserm, CHU Lille, Université de Lille, CHRU Lille, Center of Biology and Pathology (CBP) Pierre-Marie Degand, EA 7364 RADEME, 59000 Lille, France;
- Laboratory of Hormonology, Metabolism-Nutrition & Oncology (HMNO), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of North France, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Mervyn Maze
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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30
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Sionov RV. Leveling Up the Controversial Role of Neutrophils in Cancer: When the Complexity Becomes Entangled. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092486. [PMID: 34572138 PMCID: PMC8465406 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cell in the circulation of human and act as gatekeepers to discard foreign elements that have entered the body. They are essential in initiating immune responses for eliminating invaders, such as microorganisms and alien particles, as well as to act as immune surveyors of cancer cells, especially during the initial stages of carcinogenesis and for eliminating single metastatic cells in the circulation and in the premetastatic organs. Since neutrophils can secrete a whole range of factors stored in their many granules as well as produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species upon stimulation, neutrophils may directly or indirectly affect carcinogenesis in both the positive and negative directions. An intricate crosstalk between tumor cells, neutrophils, other immune cells and stromal cells in the microenvironment modulates neutrophil function resulting in both anti- and pro-tumor activities. Both the anti-tumor and pro-tumor activities require chemoattraction towards the tumor cells, neutrophil activation and ROS production. Divergence is seen in other neutrophil properties, including differential secretory repertoire and membrane receptor display. Many of the direct effects of neutrophils on tumor growth and metastases are dependent on tight neutrophil–tumor cell interactions. Among them, the neutrophil Mac-1 interaction with tumor ICAM-1 and the neutrophil L-selectin interaction with tumor-cell sialomucins were found to be involved in the neutrophil-mediated capturing of circulating tumor cells resulting in increased metastatic seeding. On the other hand, the anti-tumor function of neutrophils was found to rely on the interaction between tumor-surface-expressed receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and Cathepsin G expressed on the neutrophil surface. Intriguingly, these two molecules are also involved in the promotion of tumor growth and metastases. RAGE is upregulated during early inflammation-induced carcinogenesis and was found to be important for sustaining tumor growth and homing at metastatic sites. Cathepsin G was found to be essential for neutrophil-supported lung colonization of cancer cells. These data level up the complexity of the dual role of neutrophils in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Vogt Sionov
- Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem Campus, P.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
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31
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Endogenous Regulation and Pharmacological Modulation of Sepsis-Induced HMGB1 Release and Action: An Updated Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092220. [PMID: 34571869 PMCID: PMC8469563 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains a common cause of death in intensive care units, accounting for approximately 20% of total deaths worldwide. Its pathogenesis is partly attributable to dysregulated inflammatory responses to bacterial endotoxins (such as lipopolysaccharide, LPS), which stimulate innate immune cells to sequentially release early cytokines (such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferons (IFNs)) and late mediators (such as high-mobility group box 1, HMGB1). Despite difficulties in translating mechanistic insights into effective therapies, an improved understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of sepsis is still urgently needed. Here, we review recent progress in elucidating the intricate mechanisms underlying the regulation of HMGB1 release and action, and propose a few potential therapeutic candidates for future clinical investigations.
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