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Tavares V, Marques IS, Melo IGD, Assis J, Pereira D, Medeiros R. Paradigm Shift: A Comprehensive Review of Ovarian Cancer Management in an Era of Advancements. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1845. [PMID: 38339123 PMCID: PMC10856127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the female genital malignancy with the highest lethality. Patients present a poor prognosis mainly due to the late clinical presentation allied with the common acquisition of chemoresistance and a high rate of tumour recurrence. Effective screening, accurate diagnosis, and personalised multidisciplinary treatments are crucial for improving patients' survival and quality of life. This comprehensive narrative review aims to describe the current knowledge on the aetiology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of OC, highlighting the latest significant advancements and future directions. Traditionally, OC treatment involves the combination of cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. Although more therapeutical approaches have been developed, the lack of established predictive biomarkers to guide disease management has led to only marginal improvements in progression-free survival (PFS) while patients face an increasing level of toxicity. Fortunately, because of a better overall understanding of ovarian tumourigenesis and advancements in the disease's (epi)genetic and molecular profiling, a paradigm shift has emerged with the identification of new disease biomarkers and the proposal of targeted therapeutic approaches to postpone disease recurrence and decrease side effects, while increasing patients' survival. Despite this progress, several challenges in disease management, including disease heterogeneity and drug resistance, still need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Tavares
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Soares Marques
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Guerra de Melo
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Assis
- Clinical Research Unit, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Deolinda Pereira
- Oncology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- Research Department, Portuguese League Against Cancer (NRNorte), 4200-172 Porto, Portugal
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Kamińska K, Wiercigroch E, Małek K, Grzesiak M. Biomolecular composition of porcine ovarian follicles following in vitro treatment of vitamin D 3 and insulin alone or in combination. Reprod Biol 2023; 23:100818. [PMID: 37862827 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to analyze changes in biomolecular composition of granulosa and theca interna cells of porcine ovarian follicles following in vitro treatment of vitamin D3 and insulin alone or in combination. Medium antral follicles (n = 4/each group) were cultured alone (C; control) or in the presence of 1α,25(OH)2D3 (VD; 100 ng/mL) and insulin (I; 10 ng/mL) separately or in combination, VD and I (VD+I). Then paraplast-embedded ovarian follicles were used for Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and respective histological stainings. FTIR analysis revealed changes in the content of fibrous proteins (mainly collagens) within theca interna following vitamin D3 and insulin co-administration that was verified by Masson's trichrome staining. Treatment-dependent differences were also observed in the secondary structure of proteins, indicating enhanced conversion to α-helices in response to vitamin D3 and insulin action/interaction in both follicular compartments. In the granulosa and theca interna layers, tendency to lower DNA content in the VD+I group was noted and confirmed by Fulgen's staining. Finally, altered monosaccharides production in both follicular layers was found. Based on FTIR results, it is possible to attribute the observed alterations to biological processes that could be regulated by vitamin D3 and insulin in the porcine ovarian follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Kamińska
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Poland; Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wiercigroch
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamilla Małek
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Grzesiak
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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Mueller PR, Kershner AJ, Breitrick BI, Keller KN, Radtke RL, Patel RJ, Gierach K, Arvedson J, Moyle-Heyrman GE, Pearson DA. Vitamin D and docosahexaenoic acid inhibit proliferation of the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR4. Nutr Health 2023:2601060231202565. [PMID: 37728210 DOI: 10.1177/02601060231202565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in women. Improved preventative, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies are needed. Certain dietary patterns and nutrients such as vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids are associated with reduced cancer risk, but their effects on ovarian cancer remain to be fully elucidated, and their combined effects have not been explored. AIM To determine the individual and combined effects of the active vitamin D metabolite, calcitriol, and the omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid, on cell growth, and the abundance of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), proteins that modulate cell cycle progression, and apoptotic markers. METHODS OVCAR4 cells, a model of ovarian cancer, were treated with calcitriol, and docosahexaenoic acid, either alone or in combination. Effects on cell growth were determined by the sulforhodamine B assay. Changes in VDR, the cell cycle promotor c-Myc, the cell cycle inhibitor p27 and cleaved PARP, were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS While OVCAR4 cell growth was inhibited by individual treatment with either calcitriol or docosahexaenoic acid, the combined treatment revealed enhanced growth inhibition as compared to either treatment alone. Furthermore, long-term treatment (12 days) yielded stronger growth inhibition at lower concentrations as compared to short-term treatments (3 days). Accompanying this growth inhibition was a decrease in c-Myc, and an increase in p27. CONCLUSIONS The observed reduction in cell growth mediated by calcitriol and docosahexaenoic acid highlights the need for further research utilizing these nutrients, alone and especially in combination, to support ovarian cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Mueller
- Department of Human Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alexandra J Kershner
- Department of Human Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Brooke I Breitrick
- Department of Human Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Katharina N Keller
- Department of Human Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rebecca L Radtke
- Department of Human Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ruchita J Patel
- Department of Human Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kylie Gierach
- Department of Human Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jon Arvedson
- Department of Human Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Georgette E Moyle-Heyrman
- Department of Human Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Debra A Pearson
- Department of Human Biology, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA
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Jung S, Jin S, Je Y. Vitamin D Intake, Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, and Risk of Ovarian Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2023; 32:561-573. [PMID: 36930144 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2022.0432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In vitro research suggests that vitamin D may protect against the risk of ovarian cancer. However, ecological and epidemiologic evidence is still debatable. Materials and Methods: We searched eligible studies via MEDLINE and Web of Science databases, as well as a hand search to examine the association between vitamin D intake or blood 25(OH)D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) and ovarian cancer risk in a meta-analysis. The overall relative risk (RR) was determined using a random-effect model. Results: For ovarian cancer incidence, 15 observational studies were included [5,634 cases for vitamin D intake and 975 cases for blood 25(OH)D]. For overall vitamin D intake (from food and supplements), the pooled RR of ovarian cancer risk for the highest versus lowest groups was 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-1.14). For blood 25(OH)D levels, however, people with high blood 25(OH)D levels had 37% lower risk of ovarian cancer than those with low levels (pooled RR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.42-0.93). By study design, the inverse association was stronger in case-control studies than in prospective studies. The dose-response meta-analysis also supports the inverse association between blood 25(OH)D levels and ovarian cancer risk. When the pooled RRs were restricted to studies that adjusted for body mass index (BMI), they tended to be stronger, but the difference by adjustment for BMI was not significant. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that having a high blood 25(OH)D level is associated with a lower risk of ovarian cancer. More well-designed prospective studies are needed to confirm the link between vitamin D status and ovarian cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Jung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shaoyue Jin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Youjin Je
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kamiya S, Nakamori Y, Takasawa A, Takasawa K, Kyuno D, Ono Y, Magara K, Osanai M. Vitamin D metabolism in cancer: potential feasibility of vitamin D metabolism blocking therapy. Med Mol Morphol 2023; 56:85-93. [PMID: 36749415 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-023-00348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the possibility of the vitamin D metabolizing enzyme CYP24A1 being a therapeutic target for various tumors including breast, colorectal and prostate tumors. Given the pleiotropic cellular activity of vitamin D, its deficiency impairs its physiological function in target cells and results in various pathologies including cancer. In addition, accumulated data have shown that elevated expression of CYP24A1 promotes carcinogenesis in various cancer subtypes by decreasing the bioavailability of vitamin D metabolites. Thus, we propose the potential feasibility of vitamin D metabolism-blocking therapy in various types of human malignancies that express constitutive CYP24A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakura Kamiya
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0061, Japan
| | - Yuna Nakamori
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0061, Japan.,Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0061, Japan
| | - Kumi Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0061, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kyuno
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0061, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ono
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0061, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Magara
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0061, Japan
| | - Makoto Osanai
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0061, Japan.
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Sicardo Jiménez S, Vinolo-Gil MJ, Carmona-Barrientos I, Martin-Vega FJ, García-Muñoz C, Guillén Vargas AR, Gonzalez-Medina G. The Influence of Therapeutic Exercise on Survival and the Quality of Life in Survivorship of Women with Ovarian Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16196. [PMID: 36498270 PMCID: PMC9740561 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the most difficult of all gynaecological cancers to treat, mainly due to its late diagnosis. Although exercise interventions have been reported to be safe and beneficial for ovarian cancer, treatment does not include it and is usually a combination of chemotherapy and surgery. It is increasingly common to include exercise as a tool to increase survival in the cancer population. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of therapeutic exercise on survival and the quality of life in survivorship in women with ovarian cancer. METHODS Literature review of clinical trials, reviews and pilot studies compiled in three databases collected in PubMed, PEDro and Scopus. RESULTS Of the 44 articles found, 10 were selected. Improvements in survival, quality of life and comorbidities associated with ovarian cancer were found with exercise interventions as a treatment tool. CONCLUSIONS Through the application of therapeutic exercise, improvements in survival and quality of life were observed, as well as in the general symptomatology of ovarian cancer. No adverse effects have been found with its use, but future studies with larger sample sizes with more detailed and individualised interventions combined with conventional treatment are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Jesus Vinolo-Gil
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Rehabilitation Clinical Management Unit, Interlevels-Intercenters Hospital Puerta del Mar, Hospital Puerto Real, Cadiz Bay-La Janda Health District, 11006 Cadiz, Spain
- Research Unit, Department Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Ines Carmona-Barrientos
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Research Unit, Department Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- CTS-986 Physical Therapy and Health (FISA), University Institute of Research in Social Sustainable Development (INDESS), 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Gloria Gonzalez-Medina
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Research Unit, Department Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- CTS-986 Physical Therapy and Health (FISA), University Institute of Research in Social Sustainable Development (INDESS), 11009 Cadiz, Spain
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Heidari S, Kolahdouz-Mohammadi R, Khodaverdi S, Mohammadi T, Delbandi AA. Changes in MCP-1, HGF, and IGF-1 expression in endometrial stromal cells, PBMCs, and PFMCs of endometriotic women following 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5634-5646. [PMID: 36259314 PMCID: PMC9667513 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
1,25(OH)2D3 has anti‐inflammatory and growth inhibitory effects. Our study explored the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment on the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 (MCP‐1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), peritoneal fluid mononuclear cells (PFMCs), endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), and its effect on the proliferation of PBMCs and PFMCs of patients with endometriosis compared with controls. PBMCs, PFMCs, and ESCs were obtained from 10 endometriosis patients and 10 non‐endometriotic individuals. After treating cells with 0.1 μM of 1,25(OH)2D3 for 6, 24, and 48 h, the gene and protein expression of mentioned factors were evaluated by real‐time PCR and ELISA methods, respectively. 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment significantly reduced the protein expression of MCP‐1, HGF, and IGF‐1 in PBMCs and PFMCs of endometriotic patients at 48 h (p < 0.05–<0.01). Also, this treatment significantly reduced MCP‐1, HGF, and IGF‐1 gene and/or protein expression in EESCs and EuESCs at 24 and 48 h (p < 0.05–<0.01). 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment also reduced the proliferation of PBMCs and PFMCs of endometriotic patients compared with controls (p < 0.01). 1,25(OH)2D3 can be considered as a potentially effective agent in the prevention and treatment of endometriosis along with other therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahel Heidari
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Kolahdouz-Mohammadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Khodaverdi
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Mohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Delbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Huang H, Cheng M, Zhu X. The Effect of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Exosomes (BMSC-EXO) on Tumor Angiogenesis and Its Mechanism in Ovarian Cancer Microenvironment. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In ovarian cancer microenvironment, BMSC cells can differentiate into a variety of stem cells, thereby reducing the damage to tissues, and this effect lies in the exosomal substances secreted by BMSC cells. Then, in ovarian cancer microenvironment, whether BMSC-exo exhibited an effect
on angiogenesis at the tumor site, and its possible molecular mechanism remains unclear. BALA nude mice and ovarian cancer tumor tissues were collected to isolate vascular endothelial cells which were then assigned into Control group, 40 μg/ml BMSC-exo group, 80 μg/ml BMSC-exo
group, 120 μg/ml BMSC-exo group in the presence of Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor (PNU-74654) followed by analysis of proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer vascular endothelial cells (OCVECs) and the angiogenesis. 40 μg/ml and 80 μg/mlBMSC-exo group
showed significantly higher cell proliferation than control group with higher cell number in 80 μg/ml BMSC-exo group than 40 μg/ml BMSC-exo group (P < 0.05). The number of cell migration after BMSC-exo treatment was increased (P < 0.05) and the tumor
tissue showed obvious angiogenesis with more CD31-positive cells (P < 0.05). PNU-74654 group showed significantly downregulated Wnt and β-catenin proteins (P < 0.05) and lower cell number and higher migration rate of vascular endothelial cells (P <
0.05). In conclusion, exosomes secreted by BMSC can repair damaged tissues possibly through activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Xuancheng People’s Hospital of Anhui Province, Xuancheng City, Anhui, 242000, China
| | - Min Cheng
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Xuancheng People’s Hospital of Anhui Province, Xuancheng City, Anhui, 242099, China
| | - Xialing Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Xuancheng People’s Hospital of Anhui Province, Xuancheng City, Anhui, 242000, China
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Shaik B, Zafar T, Balasubramanian K, Gupta SP. An Overview of Ovarian Cancer: Molecular Processes Involved and Development of Target-based Chemotherapeutics. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:329-346. [PMID: 33183204 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620999201111155426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading gynecologic diseases with a high mortality rate worldwide. Current statistical studies on cancer reveal that over the past two decades, the fifth most common cause of death related to cancer in females of the western world is ovarian cancer. In spite of significant strides made in genomics, proteomics and radiomics, there has been little progress in transitioning these research advances into effective clinical administration of ovarian cancer. Consequently, researchers have diverted their attention to finding various molecular processes involved in the development of this cancer and how these processes can be exploited to develop potential chemotherapeutics to treat this cancer. The present review gives an overview of these studies which may update the researchers on where we stand and where to go further. The unfortunate situation with ovarian cancer that still exists is that most patients with it do not show any symptoms until the disease has moved to an advanced stage. Undoubtedly, several targets-based drugs have been developed to treat it, but drug-resistance and the recurrence of this disease are still a problem. For the development of potential chemotherapeutics for ovarian cancer, however, some theoretical approaches have also been applied. A description of such methods and their success in this direction is also covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basheerulla Shaik
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training & Research, Shamla Hills, Shanti Marg, Bhopal-462002, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Tabassum Zafar
- Department of Biosciences, Barkatullah University, Bhopal-462026, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Satya P Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut-250002, India
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Zhang S, Xing J, Gong Y, Li P, Wang B, Xu L. Downregulation of VDR in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients inhibits otolith‑associated protein expression levels. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:591. [PMID: 34165161 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common peripheral vertigo‑associated disease. Vitamin D (VD) helps maintain normal otolith function and may be associated with BPPV. VD exerts its biological functions primarily via the VD receptor (VDR). The present study demonstrated that serum VD levels were significantly decreased in patients with BPPV compared with in controls. VDR, otolith‑associated protein otoconin‑90 (OC90) and NADPH oxidase 3 (NOX3) expression levels were also significantly decreased in patients with BPPV compared with in controls. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between VD levels and VDR expression. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified VDR expression levels as a potential diagnostic marker for BPPV. OC90 and NOX3 expression levels were notably lower in the inner ear tissue of VDR knockout mice compared with in those of wild‑type mice. In mice overexpressing VDR, OC90 and NOX3 were also overexpressed. Following intravenous injection of VD in VDR knockout mice, expression levels of OC90 and NOX3 were not significantly different from those in VDR knockout mice injected with saline. This indicated that VDR may be underexpressed in patients with BPPV and was associated with the expression levels of otolith‑associated proteins. Moreover, VDR mediated VD activation, leading to otolith protein formation. The present study provided a novel theoretical basis for BPPV onset that may facilitate the development of more effective diagnostic and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, P.R. China
| | - Juanli Xing
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, P.R. China
| | - Yulin Gong
- Department of Rheumatic Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, P.R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Yongkang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Yongkang, Zhejiang 321300, P.R. China
| | - Boqian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, P.R. China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, P.R. China
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11
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Is Vitamin D Deficiency Related to Increased Cancer Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126444. [PMID: 34208589 PMCID: PMC8233804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is mounting evidence that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is related with increased risk for the development of cancer. Apart from shared common risk factors typical for both diseases, diabetes driven factors including hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and low grade chronic inflammation are of great importance. Recently, vitamin D deficiency was reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including T2DM and cancer. However, little is known whether vitamin D deficiency may be responsible for elevated cancer risk development in T2DM patients. Therefore, the aim of the current review is to identify the molecular mechanisms by which vitamin D deficiency may contribute to cancer development in T2DM patients. Vitamin D via alleviation of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and inflammation reduces diabetes driven cancer risk factors. Moreover, vitamin D strengthens the DNA repair process, and regulates apoptosis and autophagy of cancer cells as well as signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis i.e., tumor growth factor β (TGFβ), insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and Wnt-β-Cathenin. It should also be underlined that many types of cancer cells present alterations in vitamin D metabolism and action as a result of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) and CYP27B1 expression dysregulation. Although, numerous studies revealed that adequate vitamin D concentration prevents or delays T2DM and cancer development, little is known how the vitamin affects cancer risk among T2DM patients. There is a pressing need for randomized clinical trials to clarify whether vitamin D deficiency may be a factor responsible for increased risk of cancer in T2DM patients, and whether the use of the vitamin by patients with diabetes and cancer may improve cancer prognosis and metabolic control of diabetes.
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Association of Polymorphisms in Vitamin D-Metabolizing Enzymes DHCR7 and CYP2R1 with Cancer Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:6615001. [PMID: 34093899 PMCID: PMC8164542 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6615001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The deficiency of vitamin D has been reported to be relevant to cancer risk. DHCR7 and CYP2R1 are crucial components of vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes. Thus, accumulating researchers are concerned with the correlation between polymorphisms of DHCR7 and CYP2R1 genes and cancer susceptibility. Nevertheless, the conclusions of literatures are inconsistent. We conducted an integrated review for the correlation of DHCR7 and CYP2R1 SNPs with cancer susceptibility. In the meanwhile, a meta-analysis was performed using accessible data to clarify the association between DHCR7 and CYP2R1 SNPs and overall cancer risk. Literatures which meet the rigid inclusion and exclusion criteria were involved. The association of each SNP with cancer risk was calculated by odds ratios (ORs). 12 case-control designed studies covering 23780 cases and 27307 controls were ultimately evolved in the present meta-analysis of five SNPs (DHCR7 rs12785878 and rs1790349 SNP; CYP2R1 rs10741657, rs12794714, and rs2060793 SNP). We found that DHCR7 rs12785878 SNP was significantly related to cancer risk in the whole population, Caucasian subgroup, and hospital-based (HB) subgroup. DHCR7 rs1790349 SNP was analyzed to increase cancer risk in Caucasians. Moreover, CYP2R1 rs12794714-A allele had correlation with a lower risk of colorectal cancer. Our findings indicated that rs12785878, rs1790349, and rs12794714 SNPs might potentially be biomarkers for cancer susceptibility.
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Schepisi G, Gianni C, Bleve S, De Padova S, Menna C, Lolli C, Filograna A, Conteduca V, Urbini M, Gallà V, Casadei C, Rosti G, De Giorgi U. Vitamin D Deficiency in Testicular Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5145. [PMID: 34067977 PMCID: PMC8152282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular cancer (TC) is the most frequent tumor in young males. In the vast majority of cases, it is a curable disease; therefore, very often patients experience a long survival, also due to their young age at diagnosis. In the last decades, the role of the vitamin D deficiency related to orchiectomy has become an increasingly debated topic. Indeed, vitamin D is essential in bone metabolism and many other metabolic pathways, so its deficiency could lead to various metabolic disorders especially in long-term TC survivors. In our article, we report data from studies that evaluated the incidence of hypovitaminosis D in TC survivors compared with cohorts of healthy peers and we discuss molecular mechanisms and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Schepisi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.G.); (S.B.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.C.); (G.R.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Caterina Gianni
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.G.); (S.B.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.C.); (G.R.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Sara Bleve
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.G.); (S.B.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.C.); (G.R.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Silvia De Padova
- Psycho-Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy;
| | - Cecilia Menna
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.G.); (S.B.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.C.); (G.R.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Cristian Lolli
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.G.); (S.B.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.C.); (G.R.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Alessia Filograna
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.G.); (S.B.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.C.); (G.R.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Vincenza Conteduca
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.G.); (S.B.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.C.); (G.R.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Milena Urbini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy;
| | - Valentina Gallà
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy;
| | - Chiara Casadei
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.G.); (S.B.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.C.); (G.R.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Giovanni Rosti
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.G.); (S.B.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.C.); (G.R.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.G.); (S.B.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.C.); (G.R.); (U.D.G.)
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Ciebiera M, Esfandyari S, Siblini H, Prince L, Elkafas H, Wojtyła C, Al-Hendy A, Ali M. Nutrition in Gynecological Diseases: Current Perspectives. Nutrients 2021; 13:1178. [PMID: 33918317 PMCID: PMC8065992 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet and nutrition are fundamental in maintaining the general health of populations, including women's health. Health status can be affected by nutrient deficiency and vice versa. Gene-nutrient interactions are important contributors to health management and disease prevention. Nutrition can alter gene expression, as well as the susceptibility to diseases, including cancer, through several mechanisms. Gynecological diseases in general are diseases involving the female reproductive system and include benign and malignant tumors, infections, and endocrine diseases. Benign diseases such as uterine fibroids and endometriosis are common, with a negative impact on women's quality of life, while malignant tumors are among the most common cause of death in the recent years. In this comprehensive review article, a bibliographic search was performed for retrieving information about nutrients and how their deficiencies can be associated with gynecological diseases, namely polycystic ovary syndrome, infertility, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, dysmenorrhea, and infections, as well as cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Moreover, we discussed the potential beneficial impact of promising natural compounds and dietary supplements on alleviating these significant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Sahar Esfandyari
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.E.); (H.E.)
| | - Hiba Siblini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (H.S.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Lillian Prince
- Biological Sciences Division, Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
| | - Hoda Elkafas
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.E.); (H.E.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Cairo 15301, Egypt
| | - Cezary Wojtyła
- International Prevention Research Institute-Collaborating Centre, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland;
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (H.S.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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Story MJ. Zinc, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin D: An essential combination for prevention and treatment of cancers. Biochimie 2020; 181:100-122. [PMID: 33307154 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zinc, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and vitamin D are essential nutrients for health, maturation and general wellbeing. Extensive literature searches have revealed the widespread similarity in molecular biological properties of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D, and their similar anti-cancer properties, even though they have different modes of action. These three nutrients are separately essential for good health, especially in the aged. Zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D are inexpensive and safe as they are fundamentally natural and have the properties of correcting and inhibiting undesirable actions without disturbing the normal functions of cells or their extracellular environment. This review of the anticancer properties of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D is made in the context of the hallmarks of cancer. The anticancer properties of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D can therefore be used beneficially through combined treatment or supplementation. It is proposed that sufficiency of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D is a necessary requirement during chemotherapy treatment and that clinical trials can have questionable integrity if this sufficiency is not checked and maintained during efficacy trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Story
- Story Pharmaceutics Pty Ltd, PO Box 6086, Linden Park, South Australia, 5065, Australia.
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Riccardi C, Perrone L, Napolitano F, Sampaolo S, Melone MAB. Understanding the Biological Activities of Vitamin D in Type 1 Neurofibromatosis: New Insights into Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Design. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2965. [PMID: 33066259 PMCID: PMC7602022 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone playing a pivotal role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis as well as in bone health. Vitamin D levels are not exclusively dependent on food intake. Indeed, the endogenous production-occurring in the skin and dependent on sun exposure-contributes to the majority amount of vitamin D present in the body. Since vitamin D receptors (VDRs) are ubiquitous and drive the expression of hundreds of genes, the interest in vitamin D has tremendously grown and its role in different diseases has been extensively studied. Several investigations indicated that vitamin D action extends far beyond bone health and calcium metabolism, showing broad effects on a variety of critical illnesses, including cancer, infections, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Epidemiological studies indicated that low circulating vitamin D levels inversely correlate with cutaneous manifestations and bone abnormalities, clinical hallmarks of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). NF1 is an autosomal dominant tumour predisposition syndrome causing significant pain and morbidity, for which limited treatment options are available. In this context, vitamin D or its analogues have been used to treat both skin and bone lesions in NF1 patients, alone or combined with other therapeutic agents. Here we provide an overview of vitamin D, its characteristic nutritional properties relevant for health benefits and its role in NF1 disorder. We focus on preclinical and clinical studies that demonstrated the clinical correlation between vitamin D status and NF1 disease, thus providing important insights into disease pathogenesis and new opportunities for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Lorena Perrone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Simone Sampaolo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biology, Temple University, BioLife Building (015-00), 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122-6078, USA
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Xu J, Chen K, Zhao F, Huang D, Zhang H, Fu Z, Xu J, Wu Y, Lin H, Zhou Y, Lu W, Wu Y, Xia D. Association between vitamin D/calcium intake and 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of ovarian cancer: a dose-response relationship meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 75:417-429. [PMID: 32814859 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00724-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between vitamin D/calcium and risk of ovarian cancer is still a debatable point. The aim of our study was to systematically investigate the association between vitamin D/calcium, and the risk of ovarian cancer and estimate their dose-response association quantitatively. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant observational studies. Two investigators screened citations and extracted data independently. Data were extracted and the association between vitamin D/calcium and ovarian cancer risk was estimated by calculating pooled relative risks (RRs). Subgroup analyses, publication bias estimation, and dose-response analyses were carried out as well. RESULTS In total, 21 articles involving 980,008 participants were included in our present study. No significant association was observed between total vitamin D intake and ovarian cancer risk (RR: 1.02; 95% CI, 0.89-1.16, p = 0.81). Further subgroup analysis suggested that neither dietary vitamin D intake (RR: 0.80; 95% CI, 0.62-1.03, p = 0.09) nor supplementary vitamin D intake (RR: 0.98; 95% CI, 0.85-1.13, p = 0.80) was associated with the risk of ovarian cancer. As for calcium, total calcium intake was found to be statistically inversely associated with ovarian cancer risk in case-control studies (RR: 0.73; 95% CI, 0.63-0.86, p < 0.001) but not in cohort studies (RR: 1.05; 95% CI, 0.90-1.24, p = 0.52). Besides, supplementation with calcium plus vitamin D was not effective for the prevention of ovarian cancer (p = 0.98). Of note, dose-response analysis based on cohort studies suggested a potential inverse U-shape relationship between calcium intake (including total calcium and dietary calcium) and ovarian cancer risk, which indicated that low dose of calcium intake might reduce ovarian cancer risk while high dose of calcium intake might not. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, vitamin D could not decrease the risk of ovarian cancer. The role of calcium intake was not proven for reducing ovarian cancer risk. Besides, no evidence showed combinative use of calcium and vitamin D have additional benefits for ovarian cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Xu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kelie Chen
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dongdong Huang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Honghe Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhiqin Fu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Jinming Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yongfeng Wu
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yexinyi Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Shiravi AA, Saadatkish M, Abdollahi Z, Miar P, Khanahmad H, Zeinalian M. Vitamin D can be effective on the prevention of COVID-19 complications: A narrative review on molecular aspects. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 92:134-146. [PMID: 32811354 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The widespread COVID-19 pandemic has been, currently, converted to a catastrophic human health challenge. Vitamin D (VD) and its metabolites have been used as a palliative treatment for chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases from ancient times. In the current study, some molecular aspects of the potential effects of VD against COVID-19 side-effects have been discussed. An arguable role in autophagy or apoptosis control has been suggested for VD through calcium signaling at the mitochondrial and ER levels. 1,25(OH)2D3 is also an immunomodulator that affects the development of B-cells, T-cells, and NK cells in both innate and acquired immunity. The production of some anti-microbial molecules such as defensins and cathelicidins is also stimulated by VD. The overexpression of glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, and down-regulation of NADPH oxidase are induced by VD to reduce the oxidative stress. Moreover, the multi-organ failure due to a cytokine storm induced by SARS-CoV2 in COVID-19 may be prevented by the immunomodulatory effects of VD. It can also downregulate the renin-angiotensin system which has a protective role against cardiovascular complications induced by COVID-19. Given the many experimental and molecular evidences due to the potential protective effects of VD on the prevention of the COVID-19-induced morbidities, a VD supplementation is suggested to prevent the lethal side-effects of the infection. It is particularly recommended in VD-deficient patients or those at greater risk of serious or critical effects of COVID-19, including the elderly, and patients with pre-existing chronic diseases, especially those in nursing homes, care facilities, and hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir-Abbas Shiravi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Milad Saadatkish
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zeinab Abdollahi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Paniz Miar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Khanahmad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Zeinalian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Ala Cancer Control and Prevention Center, Isfahan, Iran
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Trandafir PC, Adin A, Ugarte MD. Space-time analysis of ovarian cancer mortality rates by age groups in spanish provinces (1989-2015). BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1244. [PMID: 32807139 PMCID: PMC7430125 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is a silent and largely asymptomatic cancer, leading to late diagnosis and worse prognosis. The late-stage detection and low survival rates, makes the study of the space-time evolution of ovarian cancer particularly relevant. In addition, research of this cancer in small areas (like provinces or counties) is still scarce. METHODS The study presented here covers all ovarian cancer deaths for women over 50 years of age in the provinces of Spain during the period 1989-2015. Spatio-temporal models have been fitted to smooth ovarian cancer mortality rates in age groups [50,60), [60,70), [70,80), and [80,+), borrowing information from spatial and temporal neighbours. Model fitting and inference has been carried out using the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) technique. RESULTS Large differences in ovarian cancer mortality among the age groups have been found, with higher mortality rates in the older age groups. Striking differences are observed between northern and southern Spain. The global temporal trends (by age group) reveal that the evolution of ovarian cancer over the whole of Spain has remained nearly constant since the early 2000s. CONCLUSION Differences in ovarian cancer mortality exist among the Spanish provinces, years, and age groups. As the exact causes of ovarian cancer remain unknown, spatio-temporal analyses by age groups are essential to discover inequalities in ovarian cancer mortality. Women over 60 years of age should be the focus of follow-up studies as the mortality rates remain constant since 2002. High-mortality provinces should also be monitored to look for specific risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Camelia Trandafir
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, Campus de Arrosadia, Pamplona, 31006 Spain
- INAMAT, Public University of Navarre, Campus de Arrosadia, Pamplona, 31006 Spain
| | - Aritz Adin
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, Campus de Arrosadia, Pamplona, 31006 Spain
- INAMAT, Public University of Navarre, Campus de Arrosadia, Pamplona, 31006 Spain
| | - María Dolores Ugarte
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, Campus de Arrosadia, Pamplona, 31006 Spain
- INAMAT, Public University of Navarre, Campus de Arrosadia, Pamplona, 31006 Spain
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