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Deng X, Zhang S, Qing Q, Wang P, Ma H, Ma Q, Zhao W, Tang H, Lu M. Distinct biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells separated from different components of human placenta. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 39:101739. [PMID: 38974020 PMCID: PMC11225169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have tremendous potential in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. The placenta-derived MSCs (PMSCs) are becoming favorable sources as they are ethically preferable and rich in MSCs. Although several subgroups of PMSCs have been identified from human term placenta, optimal sources for specific clinical applications remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to isolate MSCs from various components of the placenta, and compare their biological characteristics, including morphology, proliferation, immunophenotype, differentiation potential, growth factor and cytokine secretion, and immunomodulatory properties. Finally, four distinct groups of PMSCs were isolated from the placenta: amniotic membrane-derived MSCs (AM-MSCs), chorionic membrane-derived MSCs (CM-MSCs), chorionic plate-derived MSCs (CP-MSCs), and chorionic villi-derived MSCs (CV-MSCs). The results showed that CV-MSCs had good proliferation ability, and were easier to induce osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation; CP-MSCs exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on the proliferation of activated T cells, secreted high levels of EGF and IL-6, and could well differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondroblasts; AM-MSCs showed good growth dynamics in the early generations, were able to grow at high density, and tended to induce differentiation into osteogenic and neural lineages. These findings may provide novel evidence for the selection of seed cells in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiong Deng
- Zhejiang Gene Stem Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Su Zhang
- Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Quan Qing
- Zhejiang Gene Stem Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Haiyang Ma
- Zhejiang Gene Stem Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Qinghua Ma
- Zhejiang Gene Stem Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Weixiang Zhao
- Zhejiang Gene Stem Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Hanjing Tang
- Zhejiang Gene Stem Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Min Lu
- Zhejiang Gene Stem Cell Biotech Co. Ltd., Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
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Lv S, Zhu G, Li Q, Zhang J, Tang L. Predicting in vivo therapeutic efficacy of CelTrac1000-labeled hair follicle epidermal neural crest stem cells in models of repairing rat facial nerve defects via second near-infrared fluorescence imaging. Life Sci 2024; 352:122869. [PMID: 38950644 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To detect the therapeutic efficacy of CelTrac1000-labeled hair follicle epidermal neural crest stem cells (EPI-NCSCs) on repairing facial nerve defects by second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, CelTrac1000-labeled EPI-NCSCs were microinjected into the acellular nerve allografts (ANAs) to bridge a 10-mm-long gap in the buccal branch of facial nerve in adult rats. Then, Celtrac1000-labeled EPI-NCSCs were detected by NIR-II fluorescence imaging system to visualize the behavior of the transplanted cells in vivo. Additionally, the effect of the transplanted EPI-NCSCs on repairing facial nerve defect was examined. KEY FINDINGS Through 14 weeks of dynamic observation, the transplanted EPI-NCSCs survived in the ANAs in vivo after surgery. Meanwhile, the region of the NIR-II fluorescence signals was gradually limited to be consistent with the direction of the regenerative nerve segment. Furthermore, the results of functional and morphological analysis showed that the transplanted EPI-NCSCs could promote the recovery of facial paralysis and neural regeneration after injury. SIGNIFICANCE Our research provides a novel way to track the transplanted cells in preclinical studies of cell therapy for facial paralysis, and demonstrates the therapeutic potential of EPI-NCSCs combined with ANAs in bridging rat facial nerve defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangrui Lv
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi No 2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guochen Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi No 2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nantong University Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qianwen Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi No 2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nantong University Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi No 2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China
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Patel AA, Mohamed AH, Rizaev J, Mallick AK, Qasim MT, Abdulmonem WA, Jamal A, Hattiwale HM, Kamal MA, Ahmad F. Application of mesenchymal stem cells derived from the umbilical cord or Wharton's jelly and their extracellular vesicles in the treatment of various diseases. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102415. [PMID: 38851032 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) originating from the umbilical cord (UC) or Wharton's jelly (WJ) have attracted substantial interest due to their potential to augment therapeutic approaches for a wide range of disorders. These cells demonstrate a wide range of capabilities in the process of differentiating into a multitude of cell types. Additionally, they possess a significant capacity for proliferation and are conveniently accessible. Furthermore, they possess a status of being immune-privileged, exhibit minimal tumorigenic characteristics, and raise minimal ethical concerns. Consequently, they are well-suited candidates for tissue regeneration and the treatment of diseases. Additionally, UC-derived MSCs offer a substantial yield compared to other sources. The therapeutic effects of these MSCs are closely associated with the release of nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles (MVs), containing lipids, microRNAs, and proteins that facilitate intercellular communication. Due to their reduced tumorigenic and immunogenic characteristics, in addition to their convenient manipulability, EVs have arisen as a viable alternative for the management of disorders. The favorable characteristics of UC-MSCs or WJ-MSCs and their EVs have generated significant attention in clinical investigations encompassing diverse pathologies. Therefore, we present a review encompassing current preclinical and clinical investigations, examining the implications of UC-MSCs in diverse diseases, including those affecting bone, cartilage, skin, liver, kidney, neural, lung, cardiovascular, muscle, and retinal tissues, as well as conditions like cancer, diabetes, sepsis, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyub Ali Patel
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma'a H Mohamed
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hilla, Babil 51001, Iraq.
| | - Jasur Rizaev
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare management, Rector, Samarkand State Medical University, 18, Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Ayaz Khurram Mallick
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maytham T Qasim
- College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar 64001, Iraq
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; Health and Basic Science Research Centre, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haroonrashid M Hattiwale
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Azhar Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuzail Ahmad
- College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Diriya, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
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Christoffers S, Seiler L, Wiebe E, Blume C. Possibilities and efficiency of MSC co-transfection for gene therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:150. [PMID: 38783353 PMCID: PMC11119386 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03757-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are not only capable of self-renewal, trans-differentiation, homing to damaged tissue sites and immunomodulation by secretion of trophic factors but are also easy to isolate and expand. Because of these characteristics, they are used in numerous clinical trials for cell therapy including immune and neurological disorders, diabetes, bone and cartilage diseases and myocardial infarction. However, not all trials have successful outcomes, due to unfavourable microenvironmental factors and the heterogenous nature of MSCs. Therefore, genetic manipulation of MSCs can increase their prospect. Currently, most studies focus on single transfection with one gene. Even though the introduction of more than one gene increases the complexity, it also increases the effectivity as different mechanism are triggered, leading to a synergistic effect. In this review we focus on the methodology and efficiency of co-transfection, as well as the opportunities and pitfalls of these genetically engineered cells for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Christoffers
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 3-5, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Lisa Seiler
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 3-5, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elena Wiebe
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 3-5, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cornelia Blume
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 3-5, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover, Germany
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Ya J, Pellumbaj J, Hashmat A, Bayraktutan U. The Role of Stem Cells as Therapeutics for Ischaemic Stroke. Cells 2024; 13:112. [PMID: 38247804 PMCID: PMC10814781 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke remains one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Current reperfusion treatments for ischaemic stroke are limited due to their narrow therapeutic window in rescuing ischaemic penumbra. Stem cell therapy offers a promising alternative. As a regenerative medicine, stem cells offer a wider range of treatment strategies, including long-term intervention for chronic patients, through the reparation and replacement of injured cells via mechanisms of differentiation and proliferation. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the therapeutic role of stem cells for ischaemic stroke. This paper discusses the pathology during acute, subacute, and chronic phases of cerebral ischaemic injury, highlights the mechanisms involved in mesenchymal, endothelial, haematopoietic, and neural stem cell-mediated cerebrovascular regeneration, and evaluates the pre-clinical and clinical data concerning the safety and efficacy of stem cell-based treatments. The treatment of stroke patients with different types of stem cells appears to be safe and efficacious even at relatively higher concentrations irrespective of the route and timing of administration. The priming or pre-conditioning of cells prior to administration appears to help augment their therapeutic impact. However, larger patient cohorts and later-phase trials are required to consolidate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ulvi Bayraktutan
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, Queens Medical Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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Gupta P, Rathi P, Gupta R, Baldi H, Coquerel Q, Debnath A, Derami HG, Raman B, Singamaneni S. Neuronal maturation-dependent nano-neuro interaction and modulation. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:1537-1555. [PMID: 37672212 PMCID: PMC10615777 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00258f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-enabled neuromodulation is a promising minimally-invasive tool in neuroscience and engineering for both fundamental studies and clinical applications. However, the nano-neuro interaction at different stages of maturation of a neural network and its implications for the nano-neuromodulation remain unclear. Here, we report heterogeneous to homogeneous transformation of neuromodulation in a progressively maturing neural network. Utilizing plasmonic-fluors as ultrabright fluorescent nanolabels, we reveal that negative surface charge of nanoparticles renders selective nano-neuro interaction with a strong correlation between the maturation stage of the individual neurons in the neural network and the density of the nanoparticles bound on the neurons. In stark contrast to homogeneous neuromodulation in a mature neural network reported so far, the maturation-dependent density of the nanoparticles bound to neurons in a developing neural network resulted in a heterogeneous optical neuromodulation (i.e., simultaneous excitation and inhibition of neural network activity). This study advances our understanding of nano-neuro interactions and nano-neuromodulation with potential applications in minimally-invasive technologies for treating neuronal disorders in parts of the mammalian brain where neurogenesis persists throughout aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Priya Rathi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Rohit Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Harsh Baldi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Quentin Coquerel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Avishek Debnath
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Hamed Gholami Derami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Baranidharan Raman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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Phan TN, Fan CH, Yeh CK. Application of Ultrasound to Enhancing Stem Cells Associated Therapies. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-023-10546-w. [PMID: 37119453 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10546-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cell therapy exhibits self-renewal capacity and multi-directional differentiation potential and is considered an important regenerative approach for the treatment of several diseases. However, insufficient cell transplantation efficiency, uncontrollable differentiation, low cell viability, and difficult tracing limit its clinical applications and treatment outcome. Ultrasound (US) has mechanical, cavitation, and thermal effects that can produce different biological effects on organs, tissues, and cells. US can be combined with different US-responsive particles for enhanced physical-chemical stimulation and drug delivery. In the meantime, US also can provide a noninvasive and harmless imaging modality for deep tissue in vivo. An in-depth evaluation of the role and mechanism of action of US in stem cell therapy would enhance understanding of US and encourage research in this field. In this article, we comprehensively review progress in the application of US alone and combined with US-responsive particles for the promotion of proliferation, differentiation, migration, and in vivo detection of stem cells and the potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Nhan Phan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiang Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Salmanvandi M, Haramshahi SMA, Mansouri E, Alizadeh A. The Effect of Rosmarinic Acid on Neural Differentiation of Wartons Jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Two-dimensional and Three-dimensional Cultures using Chitosan-based Hydrogel. Basic Clin Neurosci 2023; 14:117-128. [PMID: 37346869 PMCID: PMC10279992 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.2021.2596.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Numerous studies have shown the positive effects of rosmarinic acid on the nervous system. Rosmarinic acid as a herbal compound with anti-inflammatory effects can prevent thedestructive effect of inflammation on the nervous system. Furthermore, various studies haveemphasized the advantages of three-dimensional (3D) culture over the two-dimensional (2D) culture of cells. Methods In this study, thermosensitive chitosan (CH)-based hydrogel as a 3D scaffoldwith the combination of chitosan, beta-glycerol phosphate and hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (CH-GP-HEC) loaded with rosmarinic acid was used to induce neuronal differentiation in humanWharton jelly stem cells. Also, cells were divided into eight groups to evaluate the effect of 3Dcell culture and to compare gene expression in different induction conditions. Results The results ofgene expression analysis showed the highest expression of neuronal markers in Whartons jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) cultured in chitosan, beta-glycerol phosphate and hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (ch-gp-hec) loaded with differentiation medium androsmarinic acid. According to the results of gene expression, rosmarinic acid alone has a positiveeffect on the induction of expression of neural markers. This positive effect is enhanced by cellculture in 3D conditions. Conclusion This study shows that rosmarinic acid can be considered an inexpensiveand available compound for use in neural tissue engineering. The results of this study indicatethat rosmarinic acid can be considered a cheap and available compound for use in neural tissueengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Salmanvandi
- Department of Material Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Amin Haramshahi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Mansouri
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Tissue Engineering Products-Hazrat Fatemeh hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Gupta V, Mahata T, Roy R, Gharai PK, Jana A, Garg S, Ghosh S. Discovery of imidazole-based GSK-3 β inhibitors for transdifferentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells to neurons: A potential single-molecule neurotherapeutic foresight. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1002419. [PMID: 36590911 PMCID: PMC9797524 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1002419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transdifferentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) to functional neurons is crucial for the development of future neuro-regenerative therapeutics. Currently, transdifferentiation of hMSCs to neurons requires a "chemical cocktail" along with neural growth factors. The role of the individual molecules present in a "chemical cocktail" is poorly understood and may cause unwanted toxicity or adverse effects. Toward, this goal, we have showcased the discovery of an imidazole-based "single-molecule" transdifferentiation initiator SG-145C. This discovery was achieved via screening of a small molecule library through extensive in silico studies to shortlist the best-fitting molecules. This discovery evolved through a careful selection to target Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), which is one of the important proteins responsible for neurogenesis. Rigorous computational experiments, as well as extensive biological assays, confirmed that SG-145C has significant potential to transdifferentiate hMSCs to neurons. Interestingly, our results suggest that SG-145C can inhibit the proteasomal degradation of phosphorylated β-catenin, in turn promoting transdifferentiation of hMSCs into neurons via the Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Gupta
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Tanushree Mahata
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajsekhar Roy
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prabir Kumar Gharai
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Aniket Jana
- Smart Healthcare, Interdisciplinary Research Platform, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shubham Garg
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India,Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan, India,Smart Healthcare, Interdisciplinary Research Platform, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan, India,*Correspondence: Surajit Ghosh,
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Electrical stimulation enhances the neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells in three-dimensional conductive scaffolds through the voltage-gated calcium ion channel. Brain Res 2022; 1798:148163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hernández-Pérez OR, Juárez-Navarro KJ, Diaz NF, Padilla-Camberos E, Beltran-Garcia MJ, Cardenas-Castrejon D, Corona-Perez H, Hernández-Jiménez C, Díaz-Martínez NE. Biomolecules resveratrol + coenzyme Q10 recover the cell state of human mesenchymal stem cells after 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced damage and improve proliferation and neural differentiation. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:929590. [PMID: 36117620 PMCID: PMC9471188 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.929590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are a critical affection with a high incidence around the world. Currently, there are no effective treatments to solve this problem. However, the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and antioxidants in neurodegenerative diseases has shown to be a promising tool due to their multiple therapeutic effects. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of a combination of resveratrol (RSV) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on the proliferation and differentiation of MSC and the protector effects in induced damage. To characterize the MSCs, we performed flow cytometry, protocols of cellular differentiation, and immunocytochemistry analysis. The impact of RSV + CoQ10 in proliferation was evaluated by supplementing 2.5 and 10 μM of RSV + CoQ10 in a cellular kinetic for 14 days. Cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase levels (LDH) were also analyzed. The protective effect of RSV + CoQ10 was assessed by supplementing the treatment to damaged MSCs by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+); cellular viability, LDH, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated.. MSCs expressed the surface markers CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105 and showed multipotential ability. The combination of RSV + CoQ10 increased the proliferation potential and cell viability and decreased LDH levels. In addition, it reverted the effect of MPP+-induced damage in MSCs to enhance cell viability and decrease LDH and ROS. Finally, RSV + CoQ10 promoted the differentiation of neural progenitors. The combination of RSV + CoQ10 represents a potential treatment to improve MSCs capacities and protect against neurodegenerative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar R. Hernández-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular y Bioingeniería de Tejidos, Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, CONACYT Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Karen J. Juárez-Navarro
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular y Bioingeniería de Tejidos, Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, CONACYT Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Nestor F. Diaz
- Instituto Nacional de Perinatología (INPER), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Padilla-Camberos
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, CONACYT Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Miguel J. Beltran-Garcia
- Departamento de Biotecnológicas y Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Néstor E. Díaz-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular y Bioingeniería de Tejidos, Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, CONACYT Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Néstor E. Díaz-Martínez,
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Immunofluorescent Evidence for Nuclear Localization of Aromatase in Astrocytes in the Rat Central Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168946. [PMID: 36012212 PMCID: PMC9408820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens regulate a variety of neuroendocrine, reproductive and also non-reproductive brain functions. Estradiol biosynthesis in the central nervous system (CNS) is catalyzed by the enzyme aromatase, which is expressed in several brain regions by neurons, astrocytes and microglia. In this study, we performed a complex fluorescent immunocytochemical analysis which revealed that aromatase is colocalized with the nuclear stain in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive astrocytes in cell cultures. Confocal immunofluorescent Z-stack scanning analysis confirmed the colocalization of aromatase with the nuclear DAPI signal. Nuclear aromatase was also detectable in the S100β positive astrocyte subpopulation. When the nuclear aromatase signal was present, estrogen receptor alpha was also abundant in the nucleus. Immunostaining of frozen brain tissue sections showed that the nuclear colocalization of the enzyme in GFAP-positive astrocytes is also detectable in the adult rat brain. CD11b/c labelled microglial cells express aromatase, but the immunopositive signal was distributed only in the cytoplasm both in the ramified and amoeboid microglial forms. Immunostaining of rat ovarian tissue sections and human granulosa cells revealed that aromatase was present only in the cytoplasm. This novel observation suggests a new unique mechanism in astrocytes that may regulate certain CNS functions via estradiol production.
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Mabrouk M, Ismail E, Beherei H, Abo-Elfadl MT, Salem ZA, Das DB, AbuBakr N. Biocompatibility of hydroxyethyl cellulose/glycine/RuO 2 composite scaffolds for neural-like cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:2097-2108. [PMID: 35504415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of scaffolds for nerve regeneration is one of the most challenging topics in regenerative medicine at the moment, which is also interlinked with the development of biocompatible substrates for cells growth. This work is targeted towards the development of green biomaterial composite scaffolds for nerve cell culture applications. Hybrid scaffolds of hydroxyethyl cellulose/glycine (HEC/Gly) composite doped with different concentrations of green ruthenium oxide (RuO2) were synthesized and characterized via a combination of different techniques. X-rays diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses showed a crystalline nature for all the samples with noticeable decrease in the peak intensity of the fabricated scaffolds as compared to that for pure glycine. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests revealed an increase in the vibrational bands of the synthesized RuO2 containing scaffolds which are related to the functional groups of the natural plant extract (Aspalathuslinearis) used for RuO2 nanoparticles (NPs) synthesis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results revealed a 3D porous structure of the scaffolds with variant features attributed to the concentration of RuO2 NPs in the scaffold. The compressive test results recorded an enhancement in mechanical properties of the fabricated scaffolds (up to 8.55 MPa), proportionally correlated to increasing the RuO2 NPs concentration in HEC/Gly composite scaffold. Our biocompatibility tests revealed that the composite scaffolds doped with 1 and 2 ml of RuO2 demonstrated the highest proliferation percentages (152.2 and 135.6%) compared to control. Finally, the SEM analyses confirmed the impressive cells attachments and differentiation onto the scaffold surfaces as evidenced by the presence of many neuron-like cells with apparent cell bodies and possessing few short neurite-like processes. The presence of RuO2 and glycine was due to their extraordinary biocompatibility due to their cytoprotective and regenerative effects. Therefore, we conclude that these scaffolds are promising for accommodation and growth of neural-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Mabrouk
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, Advanced Materials, Technology and Mineral Resources Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33El Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt.
| | - Enas Ismail
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; Physics Department, Faculty of Science (Girl's branch), Al Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan Beherei
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, Advanced Materials, Technology and Mineral Resources Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33El Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud T Abo-Elfadl
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth Street, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Zeinab A Salem
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Diganta B Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE113TU, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Nermeen AbuBakr
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Afjeh-Dana E, Naserzadeh P, Moradi E, Hosseini N, Seifalian AM, Ashtari B. Stem Cell Differentiation into Cardiomyocytes: Current Methods and Emerging Approaches. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2566-2592. [PMID: 35508757 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10280-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are globally known to be important causes of mortality and disabilities. Common treatment strategies for CVDs, such as pharmacological therapeutics impose serious challenges due to the failure of treatments for myocardial necrosis. By contrast, stem cells (SCs) based therapies are seen to be promising approaches to CVDs treatment. In such approaches, cardiomyocytes are differentiated from SCs. To fulfill SCs complete potential, the method should be appointed to generate cardiomyocytes with more mature structure and well-functioning operations. For heart repairing applications, a greatly scalable and medical-grade cardiomyocyte generation must be used. Nonetheless, there are some challenges such as immune rejection, arrhythmogenesis, tumorigenesis, and graft cell death potential. Herein, we discuss the types of potential SCs, and commonly used methods including embryoid bodies related techniques, co-culture, mechanical stimulation, and electrical stimulation and their applications, advantages and limitations in this field. An estimated 17.9 million people died from CVDs in 2019, representing 32 % of all global deaths. Of these deaths, 85 % were due to heart attack and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Afjeh-Dana
- Radiation Biology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Naserzadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Moradi
- Radiation Biology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Hosseini
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alexander Marcus Seifalian
- Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialisation Centre (NanoRegMed Ltd), London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, UK
| | - Behnaz Ashtari
- Radiation Biology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Oliveira Miranda C. Mesenchymal stem cells for lysosomal storage and polyglutamine disorders: Possible shared mechanisms. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13707. [PMID: 34751953 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells' (MSC) therapeutic potential has been investigated for the treatment of several neurodegenerative diseases. The fact these cells can mediate a beneficial effect in different neurodegenerative contexts strengthens their competence to target diverse mechanisms. On the other hand, distinct disorders may share similar mechanisms despite having singular neuropathological characteristics. METHODS We have previously shown that MSC can be beneficial for two disorders, one belonging to the groups of Lysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs) - the Krabbe Disease or Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy, and the other to the family of Polyglutamine diseases (PolyQs) - the Machado-Joseph Disease or Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. We gave also input into disease characterization since neuropathology and MSC's effects are intrinsically associated. This review aims at describing MSC's multimode of action in these disorders while emphasizing to possible mechanistic alterations they must share due to the accumulation of cellular toxic products. RESULTS Lysosomal storage disorders and PolyQs have different aetiology and associated symptoms, but both result from the accumulation of undegradable products inside neuronal cells due to inefficient clearance by the endosomal/lysosomal pathway. Moreover, numerous cellular mechanisms that become compromised latter are also shared by these two disease groups. CONCLUSIONS Here, we emphasize MSC's effect in improving proteostasis and autophagy cycling turnover, neuronal survival, synaptic activity and axonal transport. LSDs and PolyQs, though rare in their predominance, collectively affect many people and require our utmost dedication and efforts to get successful therapies due to their tremendous impact on patient s' lives and society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Oliveira Miranda
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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16
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Cho H, Park HJ, Seo YK. Induction of PLXNA4 Gene during Neural Differentiation in Human Umbilical-Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Low-Intensity Sub-Sonic Vibration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031522. [PMID: 35163445 PMCID: PMC8835879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC) are a type of mesenchymal stem cells and are more primitive than other MSCs. In this study, we identify novel genes and signal-activating proteins involved in the neural differentiation of hUC-MSCs induced by Low-Intensity Sub-Sonic Vibration (LISSV). RNA sequencing was used to find genes involved in the differentiation process by LISSV. The changes in hUC-MSCs caused by LISSV were confirmed by PLXNA4 overexpression and gene knockdown through small interfering RNA experiments. The six genes were increased among genes related to neurons and the nervous system. One of them, the PLXNA4 gene, is known to play a role as a guide for axons in the development of the nervous system. When the PLXNA4 recombinant protein was added, neuron-related genes were increased. In the PLXNA4 gene knockdown experiment, the expression of neuron-related genes was not changed by LISSV exposure. The PLXNA4 gene is activated by sema family ligands. The expression of SEMA3A was increased by LISSV, and its downstream signaling molecule, FYN, was also activated. We suggest that the PLXNA4 gene plays an important role in hUC-MSC neuronal differentiation through exposure to LISSV. The differentiation process depends on SEMA3A-PLXNA4-dependent FYN activation in hUC-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjin Cho
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Korea;
| | - Hee-Jung Park
- Department of Medical Biotechnology (BK21 Plus Team), Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Korea;
| | - Young-Kwon Seo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology (BK21 Plus Team), Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Human Spinal Cord Injury: The Effect on Individual Values of pNF-H, GFAP, S100 Proteins and Selected Growth Factors, Cytokines and Chemokines. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:578-596. [PMID: 35723326 PMCID: PMC8929137 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, there is no effective way to treat the consequences of spinal cord injury (SCI). SCI leads to the death of neural and glial cells and widespread neuroinflammation with persisting for several weeks after the injury. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy is one of the most promising approaches in the treatment of this injury. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression profile of multiple cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and so-called neuromarkers in the serum of an SCI patient treated with autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). SCI resulted in a significant increase in the levels of neuromarkers and proteins involved in the inflammatory process. BM-MSCs administration resulted in significant changes in the levels of neuromarkers (S100, GFAP, and pNF-H) as well as changes in the expression of proteins and growth factors involved in the inflammatory response following SCI in the serum of a patient with traumatic SCI. Our preliminary results encouraged that BM-MSCs with their neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects could affect the repair process after injury.
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Gupta A, Singh S. Potential Role of Growth Factors Controlled Release in Achieving Enhanced Neuronal Trans-differentiation from Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neural Tissue Repair and Regeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:983-1001. [PMID: 34816381 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With an increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, a need to replace incapable conventional methods has arisen. To overcome this burden, stem cells therapy has emerged as an efficient treatment option. Endeavours to accomplish this have paved the path to neural regeneration through efficient neuronal transdifferentiation. Despite their potential, the use of stem cells still entails several limitations, such as low differentiation efficiency and difficulties in guiding differentiation. The process of neural differentiation through the stem cells is achieved through the use of chemical inducers or growth factors and their direct introduction reduces their bioavailability in the system. To address these limitations, neural regeneration ventures require growth factors to be effectively implemented on stem cells in order to produce functional neuronal precursor cells. An efficient technique to achieve it is through the delivery of growth factors via microcarriers for their sustained release. It ensures the presence of commensurable concentration even at later stages of neuronal transdifferentiation. Nanofibers and nanoparticles, along with liposomes and such, have been used to implement this. The interaction between such carriers and the growth factors is mainly electrostatic. Such interaction enables them to form a stable assembly through immobilisation of the growth factor either onto their surfaces or within the core of their structures. The rate of sustained release depends upon the release kinetics associated with the polymeric structure employed and its interaction with the encapsulated growth factor. The sustained release ensures that the stem cells immerse under the effect of the growth factors for a prolonged period, ultimately aiding in the formation of cells showing ample characteristics of neuron precursors. This review analyses the various carriers that have been employed for the release of growth factors in an orderly fashion and their constituents, along with the advantages and the limitations they pose in delivering the growth factors for facilitating the process of neuronal transdifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Gupta
- Applied Science Department, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, UP, India
| | - Sangeeta Singh
- Applied Science Department, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, UP, India.
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Adamowicz J, Kluth LA, Pokrywczynska M, Drewa T. Tissue Engineering and Its Potential to Reduce Prostate Cancer Treatment Sequelae-Narrative Review. Front Surg 2021; 8:644057. [PMID: 34722618 PMCID: PMC8551715 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.644057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering offers the possibility to overcome limitations of current management for postprostatectomy incontinence and ED. Developed in recent years biotechnological feasibility of mesenchymal stem cell isolation, in vitro cultivation and implantation became the basis for new cell-based therapies oriented to induce regeneration of adult tissue. The perspective to offer patients suffering from post-prostatectomy incontinence or erectile dysfunction minimal invasive one-time procedure utilizing autologous stem cell transplantation is desired management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Adamowicz
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Luis Alex Kluth
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marta Pokrywczynska
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Khan H, Pan JJ, Li Y, Zhang Z, Yang GY. Native and Bioengineered Exosomes for Ischemic Stroke Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:619565. [PMID: 33869170 PMCID: PMC8044840 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.619565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are natural cells-derived vesicles, which are at the forefront toward clinical success for various diseases, including cerebral ischemia. Exosomes mediate cell-to-cell communication in different brain cells during both physiological and pathological conditions. Exosomes are an extensively studied type of extracellular vesicle, which are considered to be the best alternative for stem cell-based therapy. They can be secreted by various cell types and have unique biological properties. Even though native exosomes have potential for ischemic stroke therapy, some undesirable features prevent their success in clinical applications, including a short half-life, poor targeting property, low concentration at the target site, rapid clearance from the lesion region, and inefficient payload. In this review, we highlight exosome trafficking and cellular uptake and survey the latest discoveries in the context of exosome research as the best fit for brain targeting owing to its natural brain-homing abilities. Furthermore, we overview the methods by which researchers have bioengineered exosomes (BioEng-Exo) for stroke therapy. Finally, we summarize studies in which exosomes were bioengineered by a third party for stroke recovery. This review provides up-to-date knowledge about the versatile nature of exosomes with a special focus on BioEng-Exo for ischemic stroke. Standard exosome bioengineering techniques are mandatory for the future and will lead exosomes toward clinical success for stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Khan
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Ji Pan
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Phenotypical Characterization and Neurogenic Differentiation of Rabbit Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030431. [PMID: 33802902 PMCID: PMC8002684 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the rabbit is a frequently used biological model, the phenotype of rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rAT-MSCs) is not well characterized. One of the reasons is the absence of specific anti-rabbit antibodies. The study aimed to characterize rAT-MSCs using flow cytometry and PCR methods, especially digital droplet PCR, which confirmed the expression of selected markers at the mRNA level. A combination of these methods validated the expression of MSCs markers (CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105). In addition, cells were also positive for CD49f, vimentin, desmin, α-SMA, ALDH and also for the pluripotent markers: NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2. Moreover, the present study proved the ability of rAT-MSCs to differentiate into a neurogenic lineage based on the confirmed expression of neuronal markers ENO2 and MAP2. Obtained results suggest that rAT-MSCs have, despite the slight differences in marker expression, the similar phenotype as human AT-MSCs and possess the neurodifferentiation ability. Accordingly, rAT-MSCs should be subjected to further studies with potential application in veterinary medicine but also, in case of their cryopreservation, as a source of genetic information of endangered species stored in the gene bank.
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Pishavar E, Luo H, Bolander J, Atala A, Ramakrishna S. Nanocarriers, Progenitor Cells, Combinational Approaches, and New Insights on the Retinal Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1776. [PMID: 33579019 PMCID: PMC7916765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Progenitor cells derived from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPECs) have shown promise as therapeutic approaches to degenerative retinal disorders including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt disease. However, the degeneration of Bruch's membrane (BM), the natural substrate for the RPE, has been identified as one of the major limitations for utilizing RPECs. This degeneration leads to decreased support, survival and integration of the transplanted RPECs. It has been proposed that the generation of organized structures of nanofibers, in an attempt to mimic the natural retinal extracellular matrix (ECM) and its unique characteristics, could be utilized to overcome these limitations. Furthermore, nanoparticles could be incorporated to provide a platform for improved drug delivery and sustained release of molecules over several months to years. In addition, the incorporation of tissue-specific genes and stem cells into the nanostructures increased the stability and enhanced transfection efficiency of gene/drug to the posterior segment of the eye. This review discusses available drug delivery systems and combination therapies together with challenges associated with each approach. As the last step, we discuss the application of nanofibrous scaffolds for the implantation of RPE progenitor cells with the aim to enhance cell adhesion and support a functionally polarized RPE monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Pishavar
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91735, Iran;
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Hongrong Luo
- Engineering Research Center in Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China;
| | - Johanna Bolander
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Antony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581, Singapore
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Khan AA, Huat TJ, Al Mutery A, El-Serafi AT, Kacem HH, Abdallah SH, Reza MF, Abdullah JM, Jaafar H. Significant transcriptomic changes are associated with differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neural progenitor-like cells in the presence of bFGF and EGF. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:126. [PMID: 33133516 PMCID: PMC7594431 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow have different developmental origins, including neural crest. MSCs can differentiate into neural progenitor-like cells (NPCs) under the influence of bFGF and EGF. NPCs can terminally differentiate into neurons that express beta-III-tubulin and elicit action potential. The main aim of the study was to identify key genetic markers involved in differentiation of MSCs into NPCs through transcriptomic analysis. METHOD Total RNA was isolated from MSCs and MSCs-derived NPCs followed by cDNA library construction for transcriptomic analysis. Sample libraries that passed the quality and quantity assessments were subjected to high throughput mRNA sequencing using NextSeq®500. Differential gene expression analysis was performed using the DESeq2 R package with MSC samples being a reference group. The expression of eight differentially regulated genes was counter validated using real-time PCR. RESULTS In total, of the 3,252 differentially regulated genes between MSCs and NPCs with two or more folds, 1,771 were upregulated genes, whereas 1,481 were downregulated in NPCs. Amongst these differential genes, 104 transcription factors were upregulated, and 45 were downregulated in NPCs. Neurogenesis related genes were upregulated in NPCs and the main non-redundant gene ontology (GO) terms enriched in NPCs were the autonomic nervous system, cell surface receptor signalling pathways), extracellular structure organisation, and programmed cell death. The main non-redundant GO terms enriched in MSCs included cytoskeleton organisation cytoskeleton structural constituent, mitotic cell cycle), and the mitotic cell cycle process Gene set enrichment analysis also confirmed cell cycle regulated pathways as well as Biocarta integrin pathway were upregulated in MSCs. Transcription factors enrichment analysis by ChEA3 revealed Foxs1 and HEYL, amongst the top five transcription factors, inhibits and enhances, respectively, the NPCs differentiation of MSCs. CONCLUSIONS The vast differences in the transcriptomic profiles between NPCs and MSCs revealed a set of markers that can identify the differentiation stage of NPCs as well as provide new targets to enhance MSCs differentiation into NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ali Khan
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Science and Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tee Jong Huat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543 Singapore
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab II, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Al Mutery
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Taher El-Serafi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, P.O. Box 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hassen Hadj Kacem
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Science and Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sallam Hasan Abdallah
- Research Institute of Science and Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammed Faruque Reza
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab II, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Jafri Malin Abdullah
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab II, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
- Brain and Behavior Cluster, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab II, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Hasnan Jaafar
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab II, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
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