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Chand S, Tripathi AS, Dewani AP, Sheikh NWA. Molecular targets for management of diabetes: Remodelling of white adipose to brown adipose tissue. Life Sci 2024; 345:122607. [PMID: 38583857 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder characterised metabolic dysfunction that results in elevated glucose level in the bloodstream. Diabetes is of two types, type1 and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is considered as one of the major reasons intended for incidence of diabetes hence it turns out to be essential to study about the adipose tissue which is responsible for fat storage in body. Adipose tissues play significant role in maintaining the balance between energy stabilization and homeostasis. The three forms of adipose tissue are - White adipose tissue (WAT), Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and Beige adipose tissue (intermediate form). The amount of BAT gets reduced, and WAT starts to increase with the age. WAT when exposed to certain stimuli gets converted to BAT by the help of certain transcriptional regulators. The browning of WAT has been a matter of study to treat the metabolic disorders and to initiate the expenditure of energy. The three main regulators responsible for the browning of WAT are PRDM16, PPARγ and PGC-1α via various cellular and molecular mechanism. Presented review article includes the detailed elaborative aspect of genes and proteins involved in conversion of WAT to BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushmita Chand
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alok Shiomurti Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacology, ERA College of Pharmacy, ERA University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anil P Dewani
- Department of Pharmacology, P. Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India
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Liang D, Li G. Pulling the trigger: Noncoding RNAs in white adipose tissue browning. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:399-420. [PMID: 38157150 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) serves as the primary site for energy storage and endocrine regulation in mammals, while brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized for thermogenesis and energy expenditure. The conversion of white adipocytes to brown-like fat cells, known as browning, has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for reversing obesity and its associated co-morbidities. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of transcripts that do not encode proteins but exert regulatory functions on gene expression at various levels. Recent studies have shed light on the involvement of ncRNAs in adipose tissue development, differentiation, and function. In this review, we aim to summarize the current understanding of ncRNAs in adipose biology, with a focus on their role and intricate mechanisms in WAT browning. Also, we discuss the potential applications and challenges of ncRNA-based therapies for overweight and its metabolic disorders, so as to combat the obesity epidemic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehuan Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine (Beijing Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoping Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Yarahmadi G, Tavakoli Ataabadi S, Dashti Z, Dehghanian M. A review on expression and regulatory mechanisms of miR-337-3p in cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38500239 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2329294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
A group of diseases generally referred to as cancer represents a serious threat to people's health all over the world and has a significant negative influence on every aspect of the lives of patients. The development of cancer is influenced by several environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs, can alter the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, migration, metastasis, and apoptosis, lead to the pathogenesis of cancer. Additionally, several effectors modify miRNAs directly, including methylation, circular RNAs, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this review, we have explained the role of mir-337-3p in the pathways related to the pathogenesis of different cancers. Studying the functional role of miR-337-3p is necessary for detecting novel molecules as tumor markers and discovering novel targets for cancer treatment.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghafour Yarahmadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sadegh Tavakoli Ataabadi
- Department of Medical Genetics School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Dashti
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Campus, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehran Dehghanian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Liu Y, Cui B, Zhang P, Xiao S, Duan D, Ding Y. Polymicrobial Infection Induces Adipose Tissue Dysfunction via Gingival Extracellular Vesicles. J Dent Res 2024; 103:187-196. [PMID: 38095271 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231211210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that periodontitis promotes metabolic dysregulation and insulin resistance by affecting the function of white adipose tissue (WAT). However, the mechanisms linking periodontitis to adipose tissue dysfunction still need to be explored. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) deliver messages to distal sites and regulate their function. Also, recent studies have shown that periodontitis changes the composition of EVs in body fluids and that EVs might be one of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between periodontitis and insulin resistance. Herein, we explored the impact of polymicrobial oral infection with periodontal pathogens on the function of WAT and the role of gingival EVs (gEVs) in the process. Mice were subjected to oral inoculation with 109 Porphyromonas gingivalis and 108 Fusobacterium nucleatum every other day for 14 wk. This prolonged bacterial infection induced WAT dysfunction, characterized by reduced levels of AKT phosphorylation, adiponectin, leptin, and genes associated with adipogenesis and lipogenesis. We successfully isolated gEVs with satisfactory yield and purity. The RNA sequencing results showed that the differentially expressed microRNAs in the gEVs of mice with polymicrobial oral infection were involved in insulin signaling and adipose tissue function. Notably, our in vitro experiments and RNA sequencing results revealed the functional similarities between gEVs and plasma-derived EVs. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection with gEVs derived from mice with oral infection induced the dysfunction of WAT in healthy mice. Overall, our findings provide evidence for the influence of polymicrobial oral infection on WAT function and propose gEVs as a novel pathway through which periodontal infection may exert its effects on WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - B Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - P Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - S Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - D Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Sun W, Zhang X, Bai X, Du K, Chen L, Wang H, Jia X, Lai S. miR-889-3p Facilitates the Browning Process of White Adipocyte Precursors by Targeting the SON Gene. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17580. [PMID: 38139409 PMCID: PMC10743546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that beige/brown adipose tissue can dissipate stored energy through thermogenesis; hence, the browning of white adipocytes (WAT) has garnered significant interest in contemporary research. Our preceding investigations have identified a marked downregulation of miR-889-3p concurrent with the natural maturation of brown adipose tissue. However, the specific role and underlying molecular mechanisms of miR-889-3p in the browning process of white adipose tissue warrant further elucidation. In this research, we initially delved into the potential role of miR-889-3p in preadipocyte growth via flow cytometry and CCK-8 assay, revealing that miR-889-3p can stimulate preadipocyte growth. To validate the potential contribution of miR-889-3p in the browning process of white adipose tissue, we established an in vitro rabbit white adipocyte browning induction, which exhibited a significant upregulation of miR-889-3p during the browning process. RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis indicated that miR-889-3p overexpression significantly amplified the mRNA levels of UCP1, PRDM16, and CIDEA, as well as UCP1 protein levels. Furthermore, miR-889-3p overexpression fostered intracellular triglyceride accumulation. Conversely, the downregulation of miR-889-3p hindered the browning of rabbit preadipocytes. Subsequently, based on target gene prediction and luciferase reporter gene determination, we demonstrated that miR-889-3p directly targets the 3'-UTR region of SON. Lastly, we observed that inhibiting SON could facilitate the browning of rabbit preadipocytes. In conclusion, our findings suggest that miR-889-3p facilitates the browning process of white adipocyte precursors by specifically targeting the SON gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Kun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Haoding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Xianbo Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Songjia Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (W.S.); (X.Z.); (X.B.); (K.D.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
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Sun L, Ji S, Xie X, Si L, Liu S, Lin Y, Wang Y, Song Z, Fang N, An Y, Yang J. Deciphering the interaction between Twist1 and PPARγ during adipocyte differentiation. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:764. [PMID: 37996425 PMCID: PMC10667345 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, a worldwide epidemic in recent years, is mainly due to the uncontrolled development of adipose tissues, which includes adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Adipocyte differentiation is a process involving multiple transcription factor cascades, and the exact mechanism has not yet been defined. As a bHLH transcription factor, Twist1 exerts its activity by forming homo- or heterodimers with other factors. In this study, we showed Twist1 restricts adipogenesis through PPARγ. Expression of various differentiation markers (including PPARγ and adiponectin) and triglyceride-containing lipid droplets were decreased with overexpression of Twist1. Pathway enrichment analysis of RNA-seq data showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) caused by Twist1 overexpression were significantly related to lipolysis and PPARγ signaling. This implicates that Twist1 plays important regulatory roles in these processes. ChIP and dual luciferase assays showed that Twist1 could bind either PPARγ or adiponectin promoter to repress their respective transcription or directly to PPARγ protein to regulate its transcriptional activity. Furthermore, Twist1 directly interacted RXRα, which usually forms heterodimer with PPARγ to regulate adipogenesis. Taken together, our results suggest that Twist1 is an inhibitory modulator of adipogenesis and its function is likely through direct interaction with PPARγ protein or its gene promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Bioinformatics Center, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Shaoping Ji
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Bioinformatics Center, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xuan Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Lei Si
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Bioinformatics Center, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shaohao Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Bioinformatics Center, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yao Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Bioinformatics Center, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Bioinformatics Center, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhenhua Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Bioinformatics Center, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Na Fang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Bioinformatics Center, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yang An
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Bioinformatics Center, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Huang L, Xing Y, Ning X, Yu Z, Bai X, Liu L, Sun S. Roles of Twist1 in lipid and glucose metabolism. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:270. [PMID: 37784111 PMCID: PMC10544448 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The abnormal lipid and glucose metabolisms are linked to the metabolic disorders, tumorigenesis, and fibrotic diseases, which attracts the increasing attention to find out the key molecules involved in the lipid and glucose metabolism as the possible therapeutic targets on these diseases. A transcriptional factor Twist1 has been associated with not only the embryonic development, cancer, and fibrotic diseases, but also the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. In this review, we will discuss the roles and mechanisms of Twist1 in the obesity-associated white adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, brown adipose tissue metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle to provide a rational perspective to consider Twist1 as a potential treatment target in clinic. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyifei Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Changle Road, No. 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Xing
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Changle Road, No. 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ning
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Changle Road, No. 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhixiang Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Changle Road, No. 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Changle Road, No. 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Limin Liu
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shiren Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Changle Road, No. 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Ayache L, Bushell A, Lee J, Salminen I, Crespi B. Mother's warmth from maternal genes: genomic imprinting of brown adipose tissue. Evol Med Public Health 2023; 11:379-385. [PMID: 37928960 PMCID: PMC10621903 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoad031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays key roles in mammalian physiology, most notably with regard to thermoregulation in infants and juveniles. Previous studies have suggested that intragenomic conflict, in the form of genomic imprinting, mediates BAT thermogenesis, because it represents a public good for groups of siblings, or a mother with her offspring, who huddle together to conserve warmth. By this hypothesis, maternally expressed imprinted genes should promote BAT, while paternally expressed genes should repress it. Methodology We systematically searched the literature using two curated lists of genes imprinted in humans and/or mice, in association with evidence regarding effects of perturbation to imprinted gene expression on BAT development or activity. Results Overall, enhanced BAT was associated with relatively higher expression of maternally expressed imprinted genes, and relatively lower expression of paternally expressed imprinted genes; this pattern was found for 16 of the 19 genes with sufficient information for robust ascertainment (Binomial test, P < 0.005, 2-tailed). Conclusions and implications These results support the kinship theory of imprinting and indicate that future studies of BAT, and its roles in human health and disease, may usefully focus on effects of imprinted genes and associated genomic conflicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Ayache
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Aiden Bushell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Jessica Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Iiro Salminen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Bernard Crespi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
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Zheng Y, Yang N, Pang Y, Gong Y, Yang H, Ding W, Yang H. Mitochondria-associated regulation in adipose tissues and potential reagents for obesity intervention. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1132342. [PMID: 37396170 PMCID: PMC10313115 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1132342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A systematic review analysis was used to assess the profile of mitochondrial involvement in adipose tissue regulation and potential reagents to intervene in obesity through the mitochondrial pathway. Methods Three databases, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, were searched online for literature associated with mitochondria, obesity, white adipose tissue, and brown adipose tissue published from the time of their creation until June 22, 2022, and each paper was screened. Results 568 papers were identified, of which 134 papers met the initial selection criteria, 76 were selected after full-text review, and 6 were identified after additional searches. A full-text review of the included 82 papers was performed. Conclusion Mitochondria play a key role in adipose tissue metabolism and energy homeostasis, including as potential therapeutic agents for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zheng
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ni Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueshan Pang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanju Gong
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Weijun Ding
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongya Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Liang X, Wang W, Liu Y, Liu Y, Wang M, Shangguan W, Miao S, Gu T, Liu E, Li G. CircRNA_0263 and circRNA_1507 are dysregulated in a rat model of atrial fibrosis induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:63-81. [PMID: 36777857 PMCID: PMC9908462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to characterize circular RNA (circRNA) profiles associated with atrial fibrosis-related atrial fibrillation (AF) and reveal critical circRNAs for AF. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control and atrial fibrosis-related AF groups (n = 15 in each group). The rats in the atrial fibrosis-related AF group were induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), and then confirmed by electrocardiograms, echocardiography, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson staining, immunohistochemistry assays and western blotting. After that, the atrial tissues were sent for circRNA sequencing, and the differentially expressed circRNAs were identified and validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Finally, a series of cell experiments were performed to explore the roles of two crucial circRNAs in rat atrial fibroblasts. Results: A CIH-induced AF model was successfully established in the rats. After sequencing, five upregulated and 11 downregulated circRNAs were identified in the CIH-induced AF group. These dysregulated circRNAs were primarily associated with "carbohydrate metabolism" and "cardiovascular diseases". Two circRNAs (circRNA_0263 and circRNA_1507) were predicted to regulate target gene expression by interacting with corresponding miRNAs, including rno-miR-29b-5p, rno-miR-29b-3p, rno-miR-496-5p, rno-miR-136-5p, and novel123-mature. Additionally, circRNA_0263 knockdown and circRNA_1507 overexpression inhibited the cell viability of fibroblasts, and downregulated the expression of fibrosis-related proteins. Conclusion: A series of circRNAs were identified as dysregulated in an AF rat model, and circRNA_0263 and circRNA_1507 might be crucial for atrial fibrosis-related AF development by competing with several miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiding Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Taikang Ningbo HospitalNingbo 315100, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central HospitalTianjin 300170, People’s Republic of China
| | - Manman Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical UniversityJining 272000, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Shangguan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Miao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianshu Gu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Enzhao Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangping Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Ma J, You D, Chen S, Fang N, Yi X, Wang Y, Lu X, Li X, Zhu M, Xue M, Tang Y, Wei X, Huang J, Zhu Y. Epigenetic association study uncovered H3K27 acetylation enhancers and dysregulated genes in high-fat-diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. Epigenomics 2022; 14:1523-1540. [PMID: 36851897 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the regulatory landscape underlying the active enhancer marked by H3K27ac in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats. Materials & methods: H3K27ac chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput RNA sequencing to construct regulatory profiles and transcriptome of liver from NAFLD rat model induced by HFD. De novo motif analysis for differential H3K27ac peaks. Functional enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway and protein-protein interaction network were examined for differential peak-genes. The mechanism was further verified by western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR and real-time PCR. Results: A total of 1831 differential H3K27ac peaks were identified significantly correlating with transcription factors and target genes (CYP8B1, PLA2G12B, SLC27A5, CYP7A1 and APOC3) involved in lipid and energy homeostasis. Conclusion: Altered acetylation induced by HFD leads to the dysregulation of gene expression, further elucidating the epigenetic mechanism in the etiology of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhu Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Dandan You
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shuwen Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Nana Fang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xinrui Yi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xuejin Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Meizi Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yunshu Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jianzhen Huang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Yaling Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
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12
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Ma L, Gilani A, Yi Q, Tang L. MicroRNAs as Mediators of Adipose Thermogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Obesity. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1657. [PMID: 36421371 PMCID: PMC9687157 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health problem worldwide, associated with an increased risk of multiple chronic diseases. The thermogenic activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) correlates with leanness in adults. Understanding the mechanisms behind BAT activation and the process of white fat "browning" has important implications for developing new treatments to combat obesity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small transcriptional regulators that control gene expression in various tissues, including adipose tissue. Recent studies show that miRNAs are involved in adipogenesis and adipose tissue thermogenesis. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the role of miRNAs in adipocyte thermogenesis and obesity. The potential for miRNA-based therapies for obesity and recommendations for future research are highlighted, which may help provide new targets for treating obesity and obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunkun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ankit Gilani
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646099, China
| | - Liling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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13
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Mela V, Ruiz-Limón P, Balongo M, Motahari Rad H, Subiri-Verdugo A, Gonzalez-Jimenez A, Soler R, Ocaña L, el Azzouzi H, Tinahones FJ, Valdivielso P, Murri M. Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Obesity-related Hypertriglyceridemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:2203-2215. [PMID: 35608825 PMCID: PMC9282366 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The prevalence of obesity and hypertriglyceridemia is an alarming worldwide health issue. Mitochondria play a central role in these disorders as they control cell metabolism. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to characterize mitochondrial homeostasis in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (SAT and VAT) in grade III obese patients with and without hypertriglyceridemia. Moreover, this study presents the evaluation of mitochondrial fitness as a marker for hypertriglyceridemia improvement. PATIENTS Eight control and 12 hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) grade III obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Anthropometric and biochemical data were obtained before and 3 months after surgery. Mitochondrial homeostasis was evaluated by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), gene expression and protein abundance in SAT and VAT. RESULTS Mitophagy-related gene expression was increased in HTG SAT and VAT, while mitochondrial marker gene expression and mtDNA were decreased, indicating an altered mitochondrial homeostasis in HTG. Mitophagy protein abundance was increased in VAT of those subjects that did not improve their levels of triglycerides after bariatric surgery, whereas mitochondrial protein was decreased in the same tissue. Indeed, triglyceride levels positively correlated with mitophagy-related genes and negatively with mitochondrial content markers. Moreover, mitochondria content and mitophagy markers seem to be significant predictors of hypertriglyceridemia and hypertriglyceridemia remission. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial homeostasis of adipose tissue is altered in hypertriglyceridemic patients. At the protein level, mitochondria content and mitophagy are potential markers of hypertriglyceridemia remission in obese patients after bariatric surgery. These results may contribute to the implementation of a clinical approach for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Mela
- Correspondence: Virginia Mela, PhD, Endocrine Diseases Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), University Hospital of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n 29010 Málaga, Spain.
| | | | - Manuel Balongo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Hanieh Motahari Rad
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alba Subiri-Verdugo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Rocio Soler
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General y Digestiva, Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Luis Ocaña
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General y Digestiva, Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - Hamid el Azzouzi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3436 HR, Netherlands
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Victoria, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University ofMalaga, 29010, Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Mora Murri
- Mora Murri, PhD, Endocrine Diseases Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), University Hospital of Malaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n 29010 Málaga, Spain.
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14
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Liu L, Ning X, Wei L, Zhou Y, Zhao L, Ma F, Bai M, Yang X, Wang D, Sun S. Twist1 downregulation of PGC-1α decreases fatty acid oxidation in tubular epithelial cells, leading to kidney fibrosis. Theranostics 2022; 12:3758-3775. [PMID: 35664054 PMCID: PMC9131259 DOI: 10.7150/thno.71722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: A deficiency of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is the metabolic hallmark in proximal tubular cells (PTCs) in renal fibrosis owing to utilization of fatty acids by PTCs as the main energy source. Lipid accumulation may promote lipotoxicity-induced pathological injury in renal tissue. However, the molecular mechanism underlying lipotoxicity and renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) remains unclear. Twist1 has been identified to play an essential role in fatty acid metabolism. We hypothesized that Twist1 may regulate FAO in PTCs and consequently facilitate lipotoxicity-induced TIF. Methods: We used hypoxia-induced Twist1 overexpression to incite defective mitochondrial FAO in PTCs, and used renal ischemia-reperfusion or unilateral ureteral obstruction to induce renal injury in mice. We used knockout cells, mice of Twist1, and Harmine to determine the role of Twist1 in FAO and TIF. Results: Overexpression of Twist1 downregulates the transcription of PGC-1α and further inhibits the expression of FAO-associated genes, such as PPARα, CPT1 and ACOX1. Consequently, reduced FAO and increased intracellular lipid droplet accumulation in a human PTC line (HK-2), leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, and production of increased profibrogenic factors. Twist1 knockout mice with renal injury had increased expression of PGC-1α, which restored FAO and obstructed progression of TIF. Strikingly, pharmacological inhibition of Twist1 by using Harmine reduced lipid accumulation and restored FAO in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Twist1-mediated inhibition of FAO in PTCs results in TIF and suggest that Twist1-targeted inhibition could provide a potential strategy for the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Chang le West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.,School of Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ning
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Chang le West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Chang le West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Chang le West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Chang le West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Chang le West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Chang le West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Chang le West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Chang le West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Shiren Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Chang le West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
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15
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Zhang P, Sheng M, Du C, Chao Z, Xu H, Cheng X, Li C, Xu Y. Assessment of CircRNA Expression Profiles and Potential Functions in Brown Adipogenesis. Front Genet 2021; 12:769690. [PMID: 34745232 PMCID: PMC8569449 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.769690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized for energy expenditure, thus a better understanding of the regulators influencing BAT development could provide novel strategies to defense obesity. Many protein-coding genes, miRNAs, and lncRNAs have been investigated in BAT development, however, the expression patterns and functions of circRNA in brown adipogenesis have not been reported yet. This study determined the circRNA expression profiles across brown adipogenesis (proliferation, early differentiated, and fully differentiated stages) by RNA-seq. We identified 3,869 circRNAs and 36.9% of them were novel. We found the biogenesis of circRNA was significantly related to linear mRNA transcription, meanwhile, almost 70% of circRNAs were generated by alternative back-splicing. Next, we examined the cell-specific and differentiation stage-specific expression of circRNAs. Compared to white adipocytes, nearly 30% of them were specifically expressed in brown adipocytes. Further, time-series expression analysis showed circRNAs were dynamically expressed, and 117 differential expression circRNAs (DECs) in brown adipogenesis were identified, with 77 upregulated and 40 downregulated. Experimental validation showed the identified circRNAs could be successfully amplified and the expression levels detected by RNA-seq were reliable. For the potential functions of the circRNAs, GO analysis suggested that the decreased circRNAs were enriched in cell proliferation terms, while the increased circRNAs were enriched in development and thermogenic terms. Bioinformatics predictions showed that DECs contained numerous binding sites of functional miRNAs. More interestingly, most of the circRNAs contained multiple binding sites for the same miRNA, indicating that they may facilitate functions by acting as microRNA sponges. Collectively, we characterized the circRNA expression profiles during brown adipogenesis and provide numerous novel circRNAs candidates for future brown adipogenesis regulating studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Mingxuan Sheng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Chunyu Du
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Zhe Chao
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Haixia Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Xiaofang Cheng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Cencen Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Yongjie Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China.,Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
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16
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Xu X, Dong Y, Ma N, Kong W, Yu C, Gong L, Chen J, Ren J. MiR-337-3p lowers serum LDL-C level through targeting PCSK9 in hyperlipidemic mice. Metabolism 2021; 119:154768. [PMID: 33775647 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in hyperlipemia is recognized as an effective strategy to minimize the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). MiR-337-3p has already been discovered to play regulatory roles in tumor proliferation and metastasis, adipocyte browning and ischemic brain injury, etc. However, the association between miR-337-3p and LDL-C is unknown. METHODS Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset and two hyperlipidemic murine models were used to analyze the potential relationship between miR-337-3p and LDL-C. AAV-mediated liver-directed miRNA overexpression in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mouse model was used to examine the effect of miR-337-3p on LDL-C and WB/RT-PCR/ELISA/luciferase assays were used to investigate the underlying mechanism. RESULTS The expressions of miR-337-3p were obviously lower in multiple hyperlipidemic mouse models and had a negative correlation with serum LDL-C levels. After confirming the effect of miR-337-3p on the improvement of serum LDL-C in vivo, we discovered PCSK9 might be a possible target of miR-337-3p, which was further proved by in vitro experiments. MiR-337-3p could directly interact with both the PCSK9 3'UTR and promoter to inhibit PCSK9 translation and transcription. Furthermore, the result from DiI-LDL uptake assay under the knockdown of PCSK9 demonstrated that miR-337-3p promoting the absorption of LDL-C in HepG2 cells was dependent on PCSK9, and the result from LDLR-/- mouse model indicated that miR-337-3p regulating LDL-C was dependent on PCSK9/LDLR pathway. CONCLUSION We discovered a new function of miR-337-3p in regulating PCSK9 expression and LDL-C absorption, suggesting miR-337-3p might be a new therapeutic target for the development of antihyperlipidemic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoding Xu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunxia Dong
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ningning Ma
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Weiwen Kong
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuwei Yu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Likun Gong
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jin Ren
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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17
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Matarese A, Gambardella J, Sardu C, Santulli G. miR-98 Regulates TMPRSS2 Expression in Human Endothelial Cells: Key Implications for COVID-19. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110462. [PMID: 33143053 PMCID: PMC7693865 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The two main co-factors needed by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to enter human cells are angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). Here, we focused on the study of microRNAs that specifically target TMPRSS2. Through a bioinformatic approach, we identified miR-98-5p as a suitable candidate. Since we and others have shown that endothelial cells play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we mechanistically validated miR-98-5p as a regulator of TMPRSS2 transcription in two different human endothelial cell types, derived from the lung and from the umbilical vein. Taken together, our findings indicate that TMPRSS2 represents a valid target in COVID-19 treatment, which may be achieved by specific non-coding-RNA approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Matarese
- Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein-Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (A.M.); (J.G.)
- AORN “Antonio Cardarelli”, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein-Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (A.M.); (J.G.)
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, “Federico II” University, and International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME), 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Medical Sciences, International University of Health and Medical Sciences “S. Camillo”, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein-Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (A.M.); (J.G.)
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, “Federico II” University, and International Translational Research and Medical Education Consortium (ITME), 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-718-430-3370
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18
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miR-7 Regulates GLP-1-Mediated Insulin Release by Targeting β-Arrestin 1. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071621. [PMID: 32640511 PMCID: PMC7407368 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been shown to potentiate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion binding GLP-1 receptor on pancreatic β cells. β-arrestin 1 (βARR1) is known to regulate the desensitization of GLP-1 receptor. Mounting evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are fundamental in the regulation of β cell function and insulin release. However, the regulation of GLP-1/βARR1 pathways by miRs has never been explored. Our hypothesis is that specific miRs can modulate the GLP-1/βARR1 axis in β cells. To test this hypothesis, we applied a bioinformatic approach to detect miRs that could target βARR1; we identified hsa-miR-7-5p (miR-7) and we validated the specific interaction of this miR with βARR1. Then, we verified that GLP-1 was indeed able to regulate the transcription of miR-7 and βARR1, and that miR-7 significantly regulated GLP-1-induced insulin release and cyclic AMP (cAMP) production in β cells. Taken together, our findings indicate, for the first time, that miR-7 plays a functional role in the regulation of GLP-1-mediated insulin release by targeting βARR1. These results have a decisive clinical impact given the importance of drugs modulating GLP-1 signaling in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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