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Chauhan S, Naik S, Kumar R, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK, Mishra M, Gupta PK. In Vivo Toxicological Analysis of the ZnFe 2O 4@poly( tBGE- alt-PA) Nanocomposite: A Study on Fruit Fly. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6549-6555. [PMID: 38371810 PMCID: PMC10870305 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Recently, the use of hybrid nanomaterials (NMs)/nanocomposites has widely increased for the health, energy, and environment sectors due to their improved physicochemical properties and reduced aggregation behavior. However, prior to their use in such sectors, it is mandatory to study their toxicological behavior in detail. In the present study, a ZnFe2O4@poly(tBGE-alt-PA) nanocomposite is tested to study its toxicological effects on a fruit fly model. This nanocomposite was synthesized earlier by our group and physicochemically characterized using different techniques. In this study, various neurological, developmental, genotoxic, and morphological tests were carried out to investigate the toxic effects of nanocomposite on Drosophila melanogaster. As a result, an abnormal crawling speed of third instar larvae and a change in the climbing behavior of treated flies were observed, suggesting a neurological disorder in the fruit flies. DAPI and DCFH-DA dyes analyzed the abnormalities in the larva's gut of fruit flies. Furthermore, the deformities were also seen in the wings and eyes of the treated flies. These obtained results suggested that the ZnFe2O4@poly(tBGE-alt-PA) nanocomposite is toxic to fruit flies. Moreover, this is essential to analyze the toxicity of this hybrid NM again in a rodent model in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaily Chauhan
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh , India
- Centre
for Development of Biomaterials, Sharda
University, Greater
Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Seekha Naik
- Department
of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha , India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh , India
- Centre
for Development of Biomaterials, Sharda
University, Greater
Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, Espoo 02150, Finland
- Research
and Development Cell, Lovely Professional
University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab , India
| | - Monalisa Mishra
- Department
of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha , India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh , India
- Centre
for Development of Biomaterials, Sharda
University, Greater
Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh , India
- Department
of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to
Be University), Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
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Dabert M, Papanastasiou DT, Vidal L, Hajjar-Garreau S, Bellet D, Lougnot D, Balan L. Enhancing the Properties of Photo-Generated Metallized Nanocomposite Coatings through Thermal Annealing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:193. [PMID: 38251157 PMCID: PMC10818463 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the effect of thermal annealing on silver nanoparticles@polymer (AgNPs@polymer) nanocomposite coatings was investigated. These photo-generated metallized coatings have a spatial distribution of metal nanoparticles, with a depth-wise decrease in their concentration. During annealing, both structural and morphological variations, as well as a spatial reorganization of AgNPs, were observed, both at the surface and in the core of the AgNPs@polymer coating. Owing to their increased mobility, the polymer chains reorganize spontaneously, and, at the same time, a hopping diffusion process, caused by the minimization of the surface energy, promotes the migration and coalescence of the silver nanoparticles towards the surface. The layer of discrete nanoparticles gradually transforms from a weakly percolative assembly to a denser and more networked structure. Consequently, the surface of the coatings becomes significantly more electrically conductive, hydrophobic, and reflective. The general trend is that the thinner the nanohybrid coating, the more pronounced the effect of thermal annealing on its spatial reorganization and properties. These results open up interesting prospects in the field of metallized coating technology and pave the way for integration into a wide variety of devices, e.g., efficient and inexpensive reflectors for energy-saving applications, electrically conductive microdevices, and printed electronic microcircuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Dabert
- Univ. d’Orléans, Conditions Extrêmes Matériaux Haute Température et Irradiation CNRS UPR 3079, F-45000 Orléans, France
| | | | - Loïc Vidal
- Univ. de Haute Alsace, Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (L.V.); (S.H.-G.)
| | - Samar Hajjar-Garreau
- Univ. de Haute Alsace, Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (L.V.); (S.H.-G.)
| | - Daniel Bellet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, F-38000 Grenoble, France; (D.T.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniel Lougnot
- Univ. de Haute Alsace, Centre de Recherches sur les Economies, les Sociétés, les Arts et les Techniques CRESAT EA 3436, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
| | - Lavinia Balan
- Univ. d’Orléans, Conditions Extrêmes Matériaux Haute Température et Irradiation CNRS UPR 3079, F-45000 Orléans, France
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Lin Q, Wang Z, Meng Q, Mao Q, Xian D, Tian B. A Co-Sputtering Process Optimization for the Preparation of FeGaB Alloy Magnetostrictive Thin Films. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2948. [PMID: 37999302 PMCID: PMC10675025 DOI: 10.3390/nano13222948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
A co-sputtering process for the deposition of Fe0.8Ga0.2B alloy magnetostrictive thin films is studied in this paper. The soft magnetic performance of Fe0.8Ga0.2B thin films is modulated by the direct-current (DC) sputtering power of an FeGa target and the radio-frequency (RF) sputtering power of a B target. Characterization results show that the prepared Fe0.8Ga0.2B films are amorphous with uniform thickness and low coercivity. With increasing FeGa DC sputtering power, coercivity raises, resulting from the enhancement of magnetism and grain growth. On the other hand, when the RF sputtering power of the B target increases, the coercivity decreases first and then increases because of the conversion of the films from a crystalline to an amorphous state. The lowest coercivity of 7.51 Oe is finally obtained with the sputtering power of 20 W for the FeGa target and 60 W for the B target. Potentially, this optimization provides a simple way for improving the magnetoelectric coefficient of magnetoelectric composite materials and the sensitivity of magnetoelectric sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Q.L.); (Z.W.); (D.X.); (B.T.)
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Xiamen Institute of Technology, Xiamen 361021, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 265503, China
- Xi’an Jiaotong University (Yantai) Research Institute for Intelligent Sensing Technology and System, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Zelin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Q.L.); (Z.W.); (D.X.); (B.T.)
| | - Qingzhi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Q.L.); (Z.W.); (D.X.); (B.T.)
| | - Qi Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Q.L.); (Z.W.); (D.X.); (B.T.)
| | - Dan Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Q.L.); (Z.W.); (D.X.); (B.T.)
| | - Bian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Q.L.); (Z.W.); (D.X.); (B.T.)
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 265503, China
- Xi’an Jiaotong University (Yantai) Research Institute for Intelligent Sensing Technology and System, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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Cheng PW, Kurioka T, Chen CY, Chang TFM, Chiu WT, Hosoda H, Takase K, Ishihata H, Kurosu H, Sone M. Platinum Metallization of Polyethylene Terephthalate by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Catalyzation and the Tensile Fracture Strength. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2377. [PMID: 36984256 PMCID: PMC10051456 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is known to be highly inert, and this makes it difficult to be metallized. In addition, Pt electroless plating is rarely reported in the metallization of polymers. In this study, the metallization of biocompatible Pt metal is realized by supercritical CO2 (sc-CO2)-assisted electroless plating. The catalyst precursor used in the sc-CO2 catalyzation step is an organometallic compound, palladium (II) acetylacetonate (Pd(acac)2). The electrical resistance is evaluated, and a tape adhesion test is utilized to demonstrate intactness of the Pt layer on the PET film. The electrical resistance of the Pt/PET with 60 min of the Pt deposition time remains at a low level of 1.09 Ω after the adhesion test, revealing positive effects of the sc-CO2 catalyzation step. A tensile test is conducted to evaluate the mechanical strength of the Pt/PET. In-situ electrical resistances of the specimen are monitored during the tensile test. The fracture strength is determined from the stress value when the short circuit occurred. The fracture strength is 33.9 MPa for a specimen with 30 min of the Pt deposition time. As the Pt deposition time increases to 45 min and 60 min, the fracture strengths reach 52.3 MPa and 65.9 MPa, respectively. The promoted fracture strength and the decent electrical conductivity demonstrate the advantages toward biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Wei Cheng
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kurioka
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Chun-Yi Chen
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Tso-Fu Mark Chang
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Wan-Ting Chiu
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hideki Hosoda
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kei Takase
- Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishihata
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Ecological Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Kurosu
- Cooperative Major in Human Centered Engineering, Nara Women’s University, Kitauoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Masato Sone
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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Schwartzkopf M, Wöhnert SJ, Waclawek V, Carstens N, Rothkirch A, Rubeck J, Gensch M, Drewes J, Polonskyi O, Strunskus T, Hinz AM, Schaper SJ, Körstgens V, Müller-Buschbaum P, Faupel F, Roth SV. Real-time insight into nanostructure evolution during the rapid formation of ultra-thin gold layers on polymers. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:132-138. [PMID: 33290482 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00538j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-thin metal layers on polymer thin films attract tremendous research interest for advanced flexible optoelectronic applications, including organic photovoltaics, light emitting diodes and sensors. To realize the large-scale production of such metal-polymer hybrid materials, high rate sputter deposition is of particular interest. Here, we witness the birth of a metal-polymer hybrid material by quantifying in situ with unprecedented time-resolution of 0.5 ms the temporal evolution of interfacial morphology during the rapid formation of ultra-thin gold layers on thin polystyrene films. We monitor average non-equilibrium cluster geometries, transient interface morphologies and the effective near-surface gold diffusion. At 1 s sputter deposition, the polymer matrix has already been enriched with 1% gold and an intermixing layer has formed with a depth of over 3.5 nm. Furthermore, we experimentally observe unexpected changes in aspect ratios of ultra-small gold clusters growing in the vicinity of polymer chains. For the first time, this approach enables four-dimensional insights at atomic scales during the gold growth under non-equilibrium conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schwartzkopf
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
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6
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Tar H, Kashar TI, Kouki N, Aldawas R, Graff B, Lalevée J. Novel Copper Photoredox Catalysts for Polymerization: An In Situ Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102293. [PMID: 33036390 PMCID: PMC7599841 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The copper II complex (HLCuCl) carrying 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazone (L) is synthesized and evaluated as a new photoredox catalyst/photoinitiator in combination with triethylamine (TEA) and iodonium salt (Iod) for the radical polymerization of ethylene glycol diacrylate during exposure to visible light using a photoreactor at 419 nm. The copper complex reactivity with TEA/Iod salt/gold chloride showed a good production and stability of gold nanoparticles. Finally, the high performance of Cu (II) complex for radical photopolymerization incorporating gold nanoparticles is provided. The photochemical mechanisms for the production of initiating radicals are studied using cyclic voltammetry. Polymer nanocomposites containing gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) in situ photogenerated during the irradiation process were prepared. The formation of Au NPs inside the polymer matrix was through UV-Vis and EDS/SEM analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haja Tar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, King Abdulaziz Rd, Buraydah, Qassim 1162 SA, Saudi Arabia; (N.K.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-16-30-13490
| | - Tahani I. Kashar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, Egypt;
| | - Noura Kouki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, King Abdulaziz Rd, Buraydah, Qassim 1162 SA, Saudi Arabia; (N.K.); (R.A.)
| | - Reema Aldawas
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, King Abdulaziz Rd, Buraydah, Qassim 1162 SA, Saudi Arabia; (N.K.); (R.A.)
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR CNRS 7361 – UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse CEDEX, France; (B.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR CNRS 7361 – UHA, 15, rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse CEDEX, France; (B.G.); (J.L.)
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Yan Q, Cai Z. Issues in Preparation of Metal-Lignin Nanocomposites by Coprecipitation Method. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Dzhardimalieva GI, Uflyand IE. Conjugated Thermolysis of Metal-Containing Monomers: Toward Core–Shell Nanostructured Advanced Materials. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-019-01275-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Fabrication of Hybrid Membranes Containing Nylon-11 and Organic Semiconductor Particles with Potential Applications in Molecular Electronics. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 12:polym12010009. [PMID: 31861628 PMCID: PMC7023623 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical degradation is a major disadvantage in the development of organic semiconductors. This work proposes the manufacture and characterization of organic semiconductor membranes in order to prevent semiconductor properties decreasing. Semiconductor membranes consisting of Nylon-11 and particles of π-conjugated molecular semiconductors were manufactured by high-vacuum evaporation followed by thermal relaxation. Initially, and with the aim of obtaining semiconductor particles, bulk heterojunction (BHJ) was carried out using green chemistry techniques between the zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and the zinc hexadecafluoro-phthalocyanine (F16ZnPc) as n-type molecular semiconductors with the p-type molecular semiconductor dibenzotetrathiafulvalene (DBTTF). Consequently, the π-conjugated semiconductors particles were embedded in a Nylon-11 matrix and characterized, both structurally and considering their optical and electrical properties. Thin films of these materials were manufactured in order to comparatively study the membranes and precursor semiconductor particles. The membranes presented bandgap (Eg) values that were lower than those obtained in the films, which is an indicator of an improvement in their semiconductor capacity. Finally, the membranes were subjected to accelerated lighting conditions, to determine the stability of the polymer and the operating capacity of the membrane. After fatigue conditions, the electrical behavior of the proposed semiconductor membranes remained practically unaltered; therefore, they could have potential applications in molecular electronics. The chemical stability of membranes, which did not degrade in their polymer compound, nor in the semiconductor, was monitored by IR spectroscopy.
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Pandit P, Schwartzkopf M, Rothkirch A, Roth SV, Bernstorff S, Gupta A. Structure-Function Correlations in Sputter Deposited Gold/Fluorocarbon Multilayers for Tuning Optical Response. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1249. [PMID: 31484334 PMCID: PMC6780487 DOI: 10.3390/nano9091249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy to nanoengineer gold/fluorocarbon multilayer (ML) nanostructures is reported. We have investigated the morphological changes occurring at the metal-polymer interface in ML structures with varying volume fraction of gold (Au) and the kinetic growth aspect of the microscale properties of nano-sized Au in plasma polymer fluorocarbon (PPFC). Investigations were carried out at various temperatures and annealing times by means of grazing incidence small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS and GIWAXS). We have fabricated a series of MLs with varying volume fraction (0.12, 0.27, 0.38) of Au and bilayer periodicity in ML structure. They show an interesting granular structure consisting of nearly spherical nanoparticles within the polymer layer. The nanoparticle (NP) morphology changes due to the collective effects of NPs diffusion within ensembles in the in-plane vicinity and interlayer with increasing temperature. The in-plane NPs size distinctly increases with increasing temperature. The NPs become more spherical, thus reducing the surface energy. Linear growth of NPs with temperature and time shows diffusion-controlled growth of NPs in the ML structure. The structural stability of the multilayer is controlled by the volume ratio of the metal in polymer. At room temperature, UV-Vis shows a blue shift of the plasmon peak from 560 nm in ML Au/PTFE_1 to 437 nm in Au/PTFE_3. We have identified the fabrication and postdeposition annealing conditions to limit the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) shift from Δ λ L S P R = 180 nm (Au/PTFE_1) to Δ λ L S P R = 67 nm (Au/PTFE_3 ML)) and their optical response over a wide visible wavelength range. A variation in the dielectric constant of the polymer in presence of varying Au inclusion is found to be a possible factor affecting the LSPR frequency. Our findings may provide insights in nanoengineering of ML structure that can be useful to systematically control the growth of NPs in polymer matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Pandit
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - André Rothkirch
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan V Roth
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sigrid Bernstorff
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14, Km 163.5, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ajay Gupta
- Center for Spintronic Materials, Amity University, UP Noida 201 313, India.
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11
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Innovative natural polymer metal nanocomposites and their antimicrobial activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 136:586-596. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Cobalt-Containing Nanoporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanocuboids from Zeolite Imidazole Frameworks for Supercapacitors. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9081110. [PMID: 31382437 PMCID: PMC6723694 DOI: 10.3390/nano9081110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolyzing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) typically yield composites consisting of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles finely dispersed on carbon matrices. The blend of pseudocapacitive metal oxides and conductive metals, as well as highly porous carbon networks, offer unique opportunities to obtain supercapacitor electrodes with mutually high capacitances and excellent rate capabilities. Herein, we demonstrate nitrogen-doped carbon nanocuboid arrays grown on carbon fibers and incorporating cobalt metal and cobalt metal oxides. This composite was synthesized via pyrolysis of a chemical bath deposited MOF, cobalt-containing zeolite imidazole framework (Co-ZIF). The active materials for charge storage are the cobalt oxide and nitrogen-doped carbon. Additionally, the Co metal and the nanoporous carbon network facilitated electron transport and the rich nanopores in each nanocuboid shortened ion diffusion distance. Benefited from these merits, our Co-ZIF-derived electrode delivered an areal capacitance of 1177 mF cm-2 and excellent cycling stability of ~94% capacitance retained after 20,000 continuous charge-discharge cycles. An asymmetric supercapacitor prototype having the Co-ZIF-derived hybrid material (positive electrode) and activated carbon (negative electrode) achieved a maximal volumetric energy density of 1.32 mWh cm-3 and the highest volumetric power density of 376 mW cm-3. This work highlights the promise of metal-metal oxide-carbon nanostructured composites as electrodes in electrochemical energy storage devices.
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Zhang H, Ma CG, Dai PB, Zhang J. A reduced graphene oxide-borate compound-loaded melamine sponge/silicone rubber composite with ultra-high dielectric constant. RSC Adv 2019; 9:14276-14285. [PMID: 35519342 PMCID: PMC9064047 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00734b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, at first, graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by a modified Hummers' method, compounded with borates and then loaded onto a melamine sponge (MS) skeleton by an impregnation-reduction method to obtain a reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-borate compound (rGB)-loaded MS. Then, MS/rGB/silicone rubber (SR) composites were prepared by a vacuum infusion process. Moreover, the microstructures, electrical conductivity, and dielectric properties of the composites were investigated. The results showed that rGO presented a sheet-like structure, compounding with borates produced during the reduction of GO by sodium borohydride. rGB was co-loaded onto the MS skeleton, and a three-dimensional percolation network was successfully constructed in the MS/rGB/SR composite. In addition, there was an efficient synergistic effect between rGO and borates, which significantly improved the dielectric constant of the composites. At the rGO volume fraction of 1.89 vol%, the composite had the volume resistivity of 6.57 × 104 Ω cm, the ultra-high dielectric constant of 2.71 × 104 with the dielectric loss of 1.36 at 1 kHz, and the relatively low percolation threshold of 0.815 vol%. Furthermore, the composite exhibited high compression sensitivity at low compressive strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin 541004 China
| | - Chuan-Guo Ma
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin 541004 China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials Guilin 541004 China
| | - Pei-Bang Dai
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin 541004 China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin 541004 China
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14
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Yang C, Chen H, Guan C. Hybrid CoO Nanowires Coated with Uniform Polypyrrole Nanolayers for High-Performance Energy Storage Devices. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E586. [PMID: 30970649 PMCID: PMC6523395 DOI: 10.3390/nano9040586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal oxides with high theoretic capacities are promising materials as battery-type electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors, but their practical applications are limited by their poor electric conductivity and unsatisfied rate capability. In this work, a hybrid structure of CoO nanowires coated with conformal polypyrrole (Ppy) nanolayer is proposed, designed and fabricated on a flexible carbon substrate through a facile two-step method. In the first step, porous CoO nanowires are fabricated on flexible carbon substrate through a hydrothermal procedure combined with an annealing process. In the second step, a uniform nanolayer of Ppy is further coated on the surfaces of the CoO nanowires, resulting in a hybrid core-shell CoO@Ppy nanoarrays. The CoO@Ppy aligned on carbon support can be directly utilized as electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors. Since the conductive Ppy coating layer provides enhanced electric conductivity, the hybrid electrode demonstrates much higher capacity and superior rate capability than pure CoO nanowires. As a further demonstration, Ppy layer can also be realized on SnO₂ nanowires. Such facile conductive-layer coating method can be also applied to other types of conducting polymers (as the shell) and metal oxide materials (as the core) for various energy-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhai Yang
- School of Chemistry & Environment Engineering, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi 445000, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117574, Singapore.
| | - Cao Guan
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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15
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Structure and Thermal Properties of an Al-Based Metallic Glass-Polymer Composite. METALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/met8121037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A composite material based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET, about 1% by mass) and Al85Y8Ni5Co2 metallic glass was obtained by mechanical alloying and consequent spark plasma sintering. The spark plasma sintering was performed at a temperature near to the super cooled liquid region of the metallic glass. Mechanical properties and the structural characterization of the composite material were obtained. It was conceived that composite samples (Al85Y8Ni5Co2/PET) have a better thermal conductivity in comparison with pure PET samples. The formation of the crystalline phases causes degradation of physical properties. It was calculated that the activation energy for crystallization of the Al85Ni5Y8Co2 metallic glass is higher than that of the other types of metallic glasses (Mg67.5Ca5Zn27.5 and Cu54Pd28P18) used for composite preparation previously. This denotes a good thermal stability of the chosen metallic glass.
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16
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Jayabharathi J, Abirama Sundari G, Thanikachalam V, Panimozhi S. Enhanced internal quantum efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes: A synergistic effect. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Yoon J, Lee J, Hur J. Stretchable Supercapacitors Based on Carbon Nanotubes-Deposited Rubber Polymer Nanofibers Electrodes with High Tolerance against Strain. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8070541. [PMID: 30021963 PMCID: PMC6071244 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report a new fabrication method for a fully stretchable supercapacitor based on single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-coated electrospun rubber nanofibers as stretchable supercapacitor electrodes. The deposition conditions of SWCNT on hydrophobic rubber nanofibers are experimentally optimized to induce a uniform coating of SWCNT. For surfactant-assisted coating of SWCNT, both water contact angle and sheet resistance were lower compared to the cases with other surface treatment methods, indicating a more effective coating approach. The excellent electromechanical properties of this electrode under stretching conditions are demonstrated by the measurement of Young's modulus and normalized sheet resistance. The superb tolerance of the electrode with respect to stretching is the result of (i) high aspect ratios of both nanofiber templates and the SWCNT conductors, (ii) the highly elastic nature of rubbery nanofibers, and (iii) the strong adherence of SWCNT-coated nanofibers on the elastic ecoflex substrate. Electrochemical and electromechanical measurements on stretchable supercapacitor devices reveal that the volumetric capacitance (15.2 F cm-3 at 0.021 A cm-3) of the unstretched state is maintained for strains of up to 40%. At this level of strain, the capacitance after 1,000 charge/discharge cycles was not significantly reduced. The high stability of our stretchable device suggests potential future applications in various types of wearable energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Korea.
| | - Joonhyung Lee
- Device & System Research Center, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, Gyeonggi 443-803, Korea.
| | - Jaehyun Hur
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Korea.
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18
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Ansari Z, Bhattacharya TS, Saha A, Sen K. Block copolymer mediated generation of bimetallic Ni-Pd nanoparticles: Raman sensors of ethyl paraben and ciprofloxacin. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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19
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Abyaneh MK, Araki T, Kaulich B. A Sub-Microanalysis Approach in Chemical Characterisation of Gold Nanorods Formed by a Novel Polymer-Immobilised Gold Seeds Base. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7100331. [PMID: 29035310 PMCID: PMC5666496 DOI: 10.3390/nano7100331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (GNRs) have been fabricated by a novel polymer-immobilised seed mediated method using ultraviolet (UV) photoreduced gold-polymethylmethacrylate (Au–PMMA) nanocomposites as a seed platform and characterised at sub-micron scale regime with synchrotron-based techniques; near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping. In this report, it is shown that investigating polymer nanocomposites using combination of XRF mapping and NEXAFS spectromicroscopy can help to see the growth phenomenon from different perspective than conventional characterisation techniques. XRF maps are used to explore distribution of the constituent elements and showing how polymer matrix making stripe patterns along with regions where GNRs are formed. NEXAFS carbon (C) K-edge spectra have been taken at three different stages of synthesis: (1) on Au–PMMA nanocomposites before UV irradiation, (2) after gold nanoparticles formation, and (3) after GNRs formation. It reveals how polymer matrix has been degraded during GNRs formation and avoiding chemically or physically damage to polymer matrix is crucial to control the formation of GNRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Kazemian Abyaneh
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0DE Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.
| | - Tohru Araki
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0DE Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.
| | - Burkhard Kaulich
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0DE Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK.
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Mescola A, Canale C, Fragouli D, Athanassiou A. Controlled formation of gold nanostructures on biopolymer films upon electromagnetic radiation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:415601. [PMID: 28762334 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa8337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The localized formation of gold nanostructures with controlled size and shape on chitosan films doped with gold precursor upon electromagnetic irradiation of various types is demonstrated here. Such controlled formation is achieved by tuning the wavelength, the energy and the interaction time of the radiation with the composite films. In particular, the use of a single UV nanosecond laser pulse results in the formation of gold sub-micron platelets with specific crystal structure, while increasing the number of pulses, further precursor reduction and photofragmentation induce the formation of gold nanoparticles. Using x-ray radiation as an alternative energy source, the reduction of the gold precursor and the subsequent formation of particles follow a different pathway. Specifically, x-ray-induced photo-reduction triggers the selective formation of gold sub-micron platelets with a very well defined {111} crystal phase. In this case, the density of crystal platelets increases by increasing the irradiation time of the films, while no photofragmentation process is observed. The gold structures pre-formed by x-ray radiation can be fragmented by subsequent pulsed UV laser irradiation forming nanoparticles with much narrower size distribution compared to that obtained via exclusive UV irradiation. Thanks to the perfect coupling between the natural polymeric matrix and gold nanostructures, the bionanocomposite systems developed could find various applications in biomaterial science and in biosensors field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mescola
- Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
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21
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Preparation and characterization of polypropylene/noble metal nanocomposites based on reactor granule technology. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Experimental Analysis on the Molten-Phase Dewetting Characteristics of AuPd Alloy Films on Topographically-Structured Substrates. METALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/met7090327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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23
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Khalil U, Haider S, Saleem Khan M, Haider A, Khan R, Alghyamah AA, Almasry WA, Bououdina M. Synthesis of novel copper nanoparticles/ternary polymer blend nanocomposites and their structural, thermal and rheological properties and AC impedance. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Khalil
- Jinnah College for Women; University of Peshawar; Pakistan
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry; University of Peshawar; Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Haider
- Department of Chemical Engineering; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saleem Khan
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry; University of Peshawar; Pakistan
| | - Adnan Haider
- Department of Nano, Medical and Polymer Materials; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan South Korea
| | - Rawaiz Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Waheed A Almasry
- Department of Chemical Engineering; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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24
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Müller K, Bugnicourt E, Latorre M, Jorda M, Echegoyen Sanz Y, Lagaron JM, Miesbauer O, Bianchin A, Hankin S, Bölz U, Pérez G, Jesdinszki M, Lindner M, Scheuerer Z, Castelló S, Schmid M. Review on the Processing and Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites and Nanocoatings and Their Applications in the Packaging, Automotive and Solar Energy Fields. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E74. [PMID: 28362331 PMCID: PMC5408166 DOI: 10.3390/nano7040074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
For the last decades, nanocomposites materials have been widely studied in the scientific literature as they provide substantial properties enhancements, even at low nanoparticles content. Their performance depends on a number of parameters but the nanoparticles dispersion and distribution state remains the key challenge in order to obtain the full nanocomposites' potential in terms of, e.g., flame retardance, mechanical, barrier and thermal properties, etc., that would allow extending their use in the industry. While the amount of existing research and indeed review papers regarding the formulation of nanocomposites is already significant, after listing the most common applications, this review focuses more in-depth on the properties and materials of relevance in three target sectors: packaging, solar energy and automotive. In terms of advances in the processing of nanocomposites, this review discusses various enhancement technologies such as the use of ultrasounds for in-process nanoparticles dispersion. In the case of nanocoatings, it describes the different conventionally used processes as well as nanoparticles deposition by electro-hydrodynamic processing. All in all, this review gives the basics both in terms of composition and of processing aspects to reach optimal properties for using nanocomposites in the selected applications. As an outlook, up-to-date nanosafety issues are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Müller
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Strasse 35, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Elodie Bugnicourt
- IRIS, Parc Mediterrani de la Tecnologia, Avda. Carl Friedrich Gauss 11, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marcos Latorre
- ITENE Instituto Tecnológico del Embalaje, Transporte y Logística, Albert Einstein, 1, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Maria Jorda
- ITENE Instituto Tecnológico del Embalaje, Transporte y Logística, Albert Einstein, 1, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Yolanda Echegoyen Sanz
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA)-CSIC, Avda. Agustín Escardino, 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
- Science Education Department, Facultat de Magisteri, Universitat de València, 46022 València, Spain.
| | - José M Lagaron
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA)-CSIC, Avda. Agustín Escardino, 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Oliver Miesbauer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Strasse 35, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Alvise Bianchin
- MBN Nanomaterialia, via Bortolan 42, 31040 Vascon di Carbonera, Italy.
| | - Steve Hankin
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP, UK.
| | - Uwe Bölz
- HPX Polymers GmbH, Ziegeleistraße 1, 82327 Tutzing, Germany.
| | - Germán Pérez
- Eurecat, Av. Universitat Autònoma 23, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marius Jesdinszki
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Strasse 35, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Martina Lindner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Strasse 35, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Zuzana Scheuerer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Strasse 35, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Sara Castelló
- Bioinicia, Calle Algepser, 65-Nave 3 | Polígono Industrial Táctica | 46980 Paterna (Valencia), Spain.
| | - Markus Schmid
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Strasse 35, 85354 Freising, Germany.
- Chair for Food Packaging Technology, Technische Universität München, Weihenstephaner Steig 22, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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25
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Schwartzkopf M, Roth SV. Investigating Polymer-Metal Interfaces by Grazing Incidence Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering from Gradients to Real-Time Studies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 6:E239. [PMID: 28335367 PMCID: PMC5302712 DOI: 10.3390/nano6120239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring the polymer-metal interface is crucial for advanced material design. Vacuum deposition methods for metal layer coating are widely used in industry and research. They allow for installing a variety of nanostructures, often making use of the selective interaction of the metal atoms with the underlying polymer thin film. The polymer thin film may eventually be nanostructured, too, in order to create a hierarchy in length scales. Grazing incidence X-ray scattering is an advanced method to characterize and investigate polymer-metal interfaces. Being non-destructive and yielding statistically relevant results, it allows for deducing the detailed polymer-metal interaction. We review the use of grazing incidence X-ray scattering to elucidate the polymer-metal interface, making use of the modern synchrotron radiation facilities, allowing for very local studies via in situ (so-called "stop-sputter") experiments as well as studies observing the nanostructured metal nanoparticle layer growth in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephan V Roth
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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26
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Highly Bendable In-Ga-ZnO Thin Film Transistors by Using a Thermally Stable Organic Dielectric Layer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37764. [PMID: 27876893 PMCID: PMC5120347 DOI: 10.1038/srep37764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible In-Ga-ZnO (IGZO) thin film transistor (TFT) on a polyimide substrate is produced by employing a thermally stable SA7 organic material as the multi-functional barrier and dielectric layers. The IGZO channel layer was sputtered at Ar:O2 gas flow rate of 100:1 sccm and the fabricated TFT exhibited excellent transistor performances with a mobility of 15.67 cm2/Vs, a threshold voltage of 6.4 V and an on/off current ratio of 4.5 × 105. Further, high mechanical stability was achieved by the use of organic/inorganic stacking of dielectric and channel layers. Thus, the IGZO transistor endured unprecedented bending strain up to 3.33% at a bending radius of 1.5 mm with no significant degradation in transistor performances along with a superior reliability up to 1000 cycles.
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27
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Prakash J, Harris R, Swart H. Embedded plasmonic nanostructures: synthesis, fundamental aspects and their surface enhanced Raman scattering applications. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2016.1187006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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