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Chen L, Wu L, Cheng X, Huang J, Peng J. Effects of PM2.5 on mucus hypersecretion in airway through miR-133b-5p/EGFR/Claudin1/MUC5AC axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:8472-8483. [PMID: 38809424 PMCID: PMC11164504 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of the EGFR/MAPK signaling pathway in PM2.5 in promoting the MUC5AC hypersecretion in airway and exacerbating airway inflammation. METHODS By establishing rat model exposed to PM2.5, overexpressing miR-133b-5p and Claudin1, the content of IL-1 and TNF-α in serum were detected by ELISA, the pathology of lung tissue was observed by HE staining, p-EGFR, Claudin1, MUC5AC, p-ERK1/2, p-JNK, p-p38 in rats lung tissue were detected by immunohistochemical and WB, the expression level of miR-133b-5p in rats lung tissue were detected by qPCR. RESULTS After the rats were exposed to PM2.5, the content of inflammatory factors in serum increased, the inflammatory damage of lung tissues occurred, the expression of miR-133b-5p was down-regulated, and the expression of MUC5AC protein was increased. The ELISA test results showed that the expression of IL-1 and TNF-α in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the model +AG1478 treatment group was down-regulated compared with the model group, and the +miR-133b-5p agomir treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the model group and the model +Claudin1 overexpression blank load group, and the model +Claudin1 overexpression group was down-regulated compared with the model group and the model +Claudin1 overexpression blank load group. The protein detection results showed that the expression of p-EGFR, MUC5AC, p-ERK1/2, p-JNK and p-p38 proteins was increased and the expression of Claudin1 protein was decreased in the model group compared with the control group. In the model + AG1478 treatment group, model + miR-133b-5p agomir treatment group and model + Claudin1 overexpression group, compared with the model group, p-EGFR, MUC5AC, p-ERK1/2, p-JNK, p-p38 protein expression was down-regulated, and Claudin1 protein expression was up-regulated. CONCLUSIONS PM2.5 inhibited the expression of miR-133b-5p to activate the EGFR/MAPK signal pathway, induce the hypersecretion of MUC5AC, thus aggravating PM2.5-related airway inflammation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lerong Chen
- Department of Respiratory, Jiangxi Provincial Chest Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- Department of Respiratory, Jiangxi Provincial Chest Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaopeng Cheng
- Department of Respiratory, Jiangxi Provincial Chest Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of Respiratory, Jiangxi Provincial Chest Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianping Peng
- Department of Respiratory, Jiangxi Provincial Chest Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
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Chowdhury S, Ricafrente A, Cwiklinski K, Sais D, Dalton JP, Tran N, Donnelly S. Exploring the utility of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers of fasciolosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7431. [PMID: 38548871 PMCID: PMC10978983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective management and control of parasitic infections on farms depends on their early detection. Traditional serological diagnostic methods for Fasciola hepatica infection in livestock are specific and sensitive, but currently the earliest detection of the parasite only occurs at approximately three weeks post-infection. At this timepoint, parasites have already entered the liver and caused the tissue damage and immunopathology that results in reduced body weight and loss in productivity. Here, we investigated whether the differential abundance of micro(mi)miRNAs in sera of F. hepatica-infected sheep has potential as a tool for the early diagnosis of infection. Using miRNA sequencing analysis, we discovered specific profiles of sheep miRNAs at both the pre-hepatic and hepatic infection phases in comparison to non-infected sheep. In addition, six F. hepatica-derived miRNAs were specifically identified in sera from infected sheep. Thus, a panel of differentially expressed miRNAs comprising four sheep (miR-3231-3p; miR133-5p; 3957-5p; 1197-3p) and two parasite miRNAs (miR-124-3p; miR-Novel-11-5p) were selected as potential biomarkers. The expression of these candidates in sera samples from longitudinal sheep infection studies collected between 7 days and 23 weeks was quantified using RT-qPCR and compared to samples from age-matched non-infected sheep. We identified oar-miR-133-5p and oar-miR-3957-5p as promising biomarkers of fasciolosis, detecting infection as early as 7 days. The differential expression of the other selected miRNAs was not sufficient to diagnose infection; however, our analysis found that the most abundant forms of fhe-miR-124-3p in sera were sequence variants (IsomiRs) of the canonical miRNA, highlighting the critical importance of primer design for accurate diagnostic RT-qPCR. Accordingly, this investigative study suggests that certain miRNAs are biomarkers of F. hepatica infection and validates miRNA-based diagnostics for the detection of fasciolosis in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaiya Chowdhury
- The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alison Ricafrente
- The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Krystyna Cwiklinski
- Centre for One Health, School of Natural Sciences, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Dayna Sais
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - John P Dalton
- Centre for One Health, School of Natural Sciences, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nham Tran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
| | - Sheila Donnelly
- The School of Life Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia.
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3
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Tinè M, Balestro E, Carpi S, Neri T, Biondini D, Conti M, Casara A, Bernardinello N, Cocconcelli E, Turato G, Baraldo S, Celi A, Spagnolo P, Cosio MG, Saetta M, Bazzan E. Suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 expression and its regulation in relation to inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1320077. [PMID: 38533493 PMCID: PMC10963451 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1320077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The family of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) acts as a controller of the duration and intensity of cytokine function by negatively regulating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. SOCS' role in inflammatory diseases in animal models is well demonstrated. However, its role in the development of human disease is still under investigation. SOCS3 plays an important role in tumor development where its downregulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various solid tumors such as triple-negative breast cancer. Aim The aim of this work was to study (1) the expression of SOCS3 in smokers' lungs and its relation to the degree of inflammation and (2) SOCS3 regulation by microRNA (miRNA) in alveolar-macrophage (AM)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Methods Group A: 35 smokers' [19 with COPD (SC) and 16 without COPD (S)] and 9 nonsmokers (NS); SOCS3, TNFα in AM, and CD8+ T cells were quantified by immunohistochemistry, in lung tissue. Group B: additional 9 SC, 11 S, and 5 NS; AM-EVs expressing SOCS3 (CD14+SOCS3+) and SOCS3 suppressors miRNA-19a-3p and 221-3p in EVs were quantified by flow cytometry and PCR, in BAL. Results The percentage of SOCS3+ AM was higher in SC [68 (6.6-99)%] and S [48 (8-100)%] than in NS [9.6 (1.9-61)%; p = 0.002; p = 0.03] and correlated with % of TNFα+AM (r = 0.48; p = 0.0009) and CD8+ T cells (r = 0.44; p = 0.0029). In BAL, the CD14+SOCS3+ EVs/μL were increased in SC [33 (21-74)] compared to S [16 (8-37); p = 0.03] and NS [9 (7-21); p = 0.003]. Conversely, miRNA-19a-3p and miRNA-221-3p expression were increased in S when compared to SC [19 (2-53) vs. 3 (0.6-8); p = 0.03 and 3 (0.005-9.6) vs. 0.2 (0.08-0.7); p = 0.05]. Conclusions The suppressor function of SOCS3 in COPD seems to be overridden by other factors and does not follow the animal-model paradigm. Expression of SOCS3 in BAL macrophage-derived EVs might be useful to assess the degree of inflammation and possible progression of COPD. Downregulation of SOCS3, by miRNA, in smokers without COPD might contribute to the risk of developing cancer in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariaenrica Tinè
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Balestro
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Carpi
- Department of Health Sciences, University ‘Magna Græcia’ of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- National Enterprise for NanoScience and NanoTechnology (NEST), Istituto Nanoscienze-Centro Nazionale Ricerche (CNR) and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Neri
- Centro Dipartimentale di Biologia Cellulare Cardiorespiratoria, Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell’Area Critica, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Davide Biondini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Conti
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alvise Casara
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicol Bernardinello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Cocconcelli
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Graziella Turato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Simonetta Baraldo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Celi
- Centro Dipartimentale di Biologia Cellulare Cardiorespiratoria, Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell’Area Critica, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Spagnolo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Manuel G. Cosio
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Respiratory Division, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marina Saetta
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Erica Bazzan
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Yamaguchi A, Maeshige N, Noguchi H, Yan J, Ma X, Uemura M, Su D, Kondo H, Sarosiek K, Fujino H. Pulsed ultrasound promotes secretion of anti-inflammatory extracellular vesicles from skeletal myotubes via elevation of intracellular calcium level. eLife 2023; 12:RP89512. [PMID: 38054662 PMCID: PMC10699803 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of inflammatory responses is an important intervention in biological function and macrophages play an essential role during inflammation. Skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the human body and releases various factors which mediate anti-inflammatory/immune modulatory effects. Recently, the roles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from a large variety of cells are reported. In particular, EVs released from skeletal muscle are attracting attention due to their therapeutic effects on dysfunctional organs and tissues. Also, ultrasound (US) promotes release of EVs from skeletal muscle. In this study, we investigated the output parameters and mechanisms of US-induced EV release enhancement and the potential of US-treated skeletal muscle-derived EVs in the regulation of inflammatory responses in macrophages. High-intensity US (3.0 W/cm2) irradiation increased EV secretion from C2C12 murine muscle cells via elevating intracellular Ca2+ level without negative effects. Moreover, US-induced EVs suppressed expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors in macrophages. miRNA sequencing analysis revealed that miR-206-3p and miR-378a-3p were especially abundant in skeletal myotube-derived EVs. In this study we demonstrated that high-intensity US promotes the release of anti-inflammatory EVs from skeletal myotubes and exert anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atomu Yamaguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriaki Maeshige
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hikari Noguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Jiawei Yan
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqi Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mikiko Uemura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Dongming Su
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hiroyo Kondo
- Department of Health and Nutrition , Shubun University, Ichinomiya, Japan
| | - Kristopher Sarosiek
- John B. Little Center for Radiation Sciences, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Hidemi Fujino
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
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Neri T, Celi A, Tinè M, Bernardinello N, Cosio MG, Saetta M, Nieri D, Bazzan E. The Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles Detected in Different Biological Fluids in COPD. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095136. [PMID: 35563528 PMCID: PMC9101666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by complex cellular and molecular mechanisms, not fully elucidated so far. It involves inflammatory cells (monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes), cytokines, chemokines and, probably, new players yet to be clearly identified and described. Chronic local and systemic inflammation, lung aging and cellular senescence are key pathological events in COPD development and progression over time. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by virtually all cells both as microvesicles and exosomes into different biological fluids, are involved in intercellular communication and, therefore, represent intriguing players in pathobiological mechanisms (including those characterizing aging and chronic diseases); moreover, the role of EVs as biomarkers in different diseases, including COPD, is rapidly gaining recognition. In this review, after recalling the essential steps of COPD pathogenesis, we summarize the current evidence on the roles of EVs collected in different biological mediums as biomarkers in COPD and as potential players in the specific mechanisms leading to disease development. We will also briefly review the data on EV as potential therapeutic targets and potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Neri
- Centro Dipartimentale di Biologia Cellulare Cardiorespiratoria, Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell’Area Critica, Università degli Studi di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (T.N.); (A.C.); (D.N.)
| | - Alessandro Celi
- Centro Dipartimentale di Biologia Cellulare Cardiorespiratoria, Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell’Area Critica, Università degli Studi di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (T.N.); (A.C.); (D.N.)
| | - Mariaenrica Tinè
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (N.B.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Nicol Bernardinello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (N.B.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Manuel G. Cosio
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (N.B.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.)
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Respiratory Division, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Marina Saetta
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (N.B.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Dario Nieri
- Centro Dipartimentale di Biologia Cellulare Cardiorespiratoria, Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell’Area Critica, Università degli Studi di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (T.N.); (A.C.); (D.N.)
| | - Erica Bazzan
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (N.B.); (M.G.C.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-821-3449
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6
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Gomez N, James V, Onion D, Fairclough LC. Extracellular vesicles and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review. Respir Res 2022; 23:82. [PMID: 35382831 PMCID: PMC8985325 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-01984-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by irreversible airflow limitation, ranking the third highest cause of death worldwide. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important intercellular communication mediators released by cells into their extracellular environment with the capacity to transfer biological signals. EVs involved in COPD hold great potential to understand disease pathogenesis and identify important biomarkers. This systematic review aims to examine all available research on EVs in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of COPD to identify existing knowledge and support further research within the field. Methods Publications were searched using PubMed and EMBASE with the search terms (Exosomes or extracellular vesicles or microvesicles or microparticles or ectosomes) AND (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD or emphysema or bronchitis). Results Initial search yielded 512 papers of which 142 were manually selected for review and 43 were eligible for analyses. The studies were divided into groups according to the role of EVs in pathogenesis, EV origin and cargo, their role in COPD exacerbations and their diagnostic utility. EVs were found to be involved in the mechanism of pathogenesis of COPD, derived from various cell types, as well as containing modified levels of miRNAs. EVs also varied according to the pathophysiological status of disease, therefore presenting a possible method for COPD diagnosis and progress monitoring. Conclusion The current findings show the limited but good quality research looking at the role of EVs in COPD, demonstrating the need for more studies to better define and provide further insight into the functional characteristics of EV in COPD pathogenesis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-01984-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Gomez
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Life Sciences Building, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Victoria James
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - David Onion
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Life Sciences Building, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lucy C Fairclough
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Life Sciences Building, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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Kwan HY, Chen M, Xu K, Chen B. The impact of obesity on adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7275-7288. [PMID: 34677643 PMCID: PMC8531905 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03973-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the emerging roles of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) linking obesity and its comorbidities have been recognized. In obese subjects, adipocytes are having hypertrophic growth and are under stressed. The dysfunction adipocytes dysregulate the assembly of the biological components in the EVs including exosomes. This article critically reviews the current findings on the impact of obesity on the exosomal cargo contents that induce the pathophysiological changes. Besides, this review also summarizes the understanding on how obesity affects the biogenesis of adipocyte-derived exosomes and the exosome secretion. Furthermore, the differences of the exosomal contents in different adipose depots, and the impact of obesity on the exosomes that are derived from the stromal vascular fraction such as the adipose tissue macrophages and adipocyte-derived stem cells will also be discussed. The current development and potential application of exosome-based therapy will be summarized. This review provides crucial information for the design of novel exosome-based therapy for the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiu Yee Kwan
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Minting Chen
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Keyang Xu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Baisen Chen
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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8
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Aloufi N, Alluli A, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Aberrant Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Protein Expression in the Development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111963. [PMID: 34769392 PMCID: PMC8584689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an incurable and prevalent respiratory disorder that is characterized by chronic inflammation and emphysema. COPD is primarily caused by cigarette smoke (CS). CS alters numerous cellular processes, including the post-transcriptional regulation of mRNAs. The identification of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as main factors engaged in the regulation of RNA biology opens the door to understanding their role in coordinating physiological cellular processes. Dysregulation of post-transcriptional regulation by foreign particles in CS may lead to the development of diseases such as COPD. Here we review current knowledge about post-transcriptional events that may be involved in the pathogenesis of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noof Aloufi
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (N.A.); (A.A.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Universities Road, Medina P.O. Box 344, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aeshah Alluli
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (N.A.); (A.A.)
| | - David H. Eidelman
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
| | - Carolyn J. Baglole
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (N.A.); (A.A.)
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Correspondence:
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9
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Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Are Associated with Disease Severity and Interleukin-6 Levels in COPD: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10215014. [PMID: 34768536 PMCID: PMC8584816 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex condition in which systemic inflammation plays a role in extrapulmonary manifestations, including cardiovascular diseases: interleukin (IL)-6 has a role in both COPD and atherogenesis. The 2011 GOLD document classified patients according to FEV1, symptoms, and exacerbations history, creating four groups, from A (less symptoms/low risk) to D (more symptoms/high risk). Extracellular vesicles (EV) represent potential markers in COPD: nevertheless, no studies have explored their value in association to both disease severity and inflammation. We conducted a pilot study to analyze circulating endothelial-(E) and monocyte-derived (M) EV levels in 35 COPD patients, who were grouped according to the 2011 GOLD document; the relationship between EV and plasmatic markers of inflammation was analyzed. We found a statistically significant trend for increasing EEV, MEV, IL-6, from group A to D, and a significant correlation between EEV and IL-6. The associations between both EEV and MEV and disease severity, and between EEV and IL-6, suggest a significant interplay between pulmonary disease and inflammation, with non-respiratory cells (endothelial cells and monocytes) involvement, along with the progression of the disease. Thus, EV might help identify a high-risk population for extrapulmonary events, especially in the most severe patients.
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10
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Alberro A, Iparraguirre L, Fernandes A, Otaegui D. Extracellular Vesicles in Blood: Sources, Effects, and Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158163. [PMID: 34360924 PMCID: PMC8347110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important players for intercellular communication. EVs are secreted by almost all cell types; they can transfer information between nearby or distant cells, and they are highly abundant in body fluids. In this review, we describe the general characteristics of EVs, as well as isolation and characterization approaches. Then, we focus on one of the most relevant sources of EVs: the blood. Indeed, apart from EVs secreted by blood cells, EVs of diverse origins travel in the bloodstream. We present the numerous types of EVs that have been found in circulation. Besides, the implications of blood-derived EVs in both physiological and pathological processes are summarized, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis of several diseases, and also as indicators of physiological modifications. Finally, the applications of EVs introduced in the circulatory system are discussed. We describe the use of EVs from distinct origins, naturally produced or engineered, autologous, allogeneic, or even from different species and the effects they have when introduced in circulation. Therefore, the present work provides a comprehensive overview of the components, effects, and applications of EVs in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainhoa Alberro
- Multiple Sclerosis Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.A.); (L.I.)
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Leire Iparraguirre
- Multiple Sclerosis Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.A.); (L.I.)
| | - Adelaide Fernandes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - David Otaegui
- Multiple Sclerosis Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; (A.A.); (L.I.)
- Correspondence:
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Trappe A, Donnelly SC, McNally P, Coppinger JA. Role of extracellular vesicles in chronic lung disease. Thorax 2021; 76:1047-1056. [PMID: 33712504 PMCID: PMC8461402 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To explore the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in chronic lung diseases. EVs are emerging as mediators of intercellular communication and possible diagnostic markers of disease. EVs harbour cargo molecules including RNA, lipids and proteins that they transfer to recipient cells. EVs are intercellular communicators within the lung microenvironment. Due to their disease-specific cargoes, EVs have the promise to be all-in-one complex multimodal biomarkers. EVs also have potential as drug carriers in chronic lung disease. Descriptive discussion of key studies of EVs as contributors to disease pathology, as biomarkers and as potential therapies with a focus on chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF), asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. We provide a broad overview of the roles of EV in chronic respiratory disease. Recent advances in profiling EVs have shown their potential as biomarker candidates. Further studies have provided insight into their disease pathology, particularly in inflammatory processes across a spectrum of lung diseases. EVs are on the horizon as new modes of drug delivery and as therapies themselves in cell-based therapeutics. EVs are relatively untapped sources of information in the clinic that can help further detail the full translational nature of chronic lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Trappe
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,CF Research Group, National Children's Research Centre, Childrens Health Ireland (CHI) at Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Seamas C Donnelly
- Department of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin & Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul McNally
- CF Research Group, National Children's Research Centre, Childrens Health Ireland (CHI) at Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.,Department of Paediatrics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Judith A Coppinger
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland .,CF Research Group, National Children's Research Centre, Childrens Health Ireland (CHI) at Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
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