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Sepehri S, Abdoli S, Asgari Lajayer B, Astatkie T, Price GW. Changes in phytochemical properties and water use efficiency of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) using superabsorbent polymer under drought stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21989. [PMID: 38081886 PMCID: PMC10713560 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49452-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Water consumption management and the application of advanced techniques in the agricultural sector can significantly contribute to the efficient utilization of limited water resources. This can be achieved by improving soil texture, increasing water retention, reducing erosion, and enhancing seedling germination through the use of superabsorbent polymers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Aquasource superabsorbent (AS) on the morphological characteristics, phytochemical properties, antioxidant content, and water use efficiency of peppermint. It was conducted under different irrigation management and using different superabsorbent levels. Therefore, a 3 × 4 factorial design was used to determine the effects of irrigation intervals (2-, 4-, and 6-day) and different levels of AS amount (zero [control], 0.5, 1, and 2 wt%). The effects of these factors on various parameters (morphological characteristics, essential oil percentage, nutrient, protein, proline, carotenoid, antioxidant, and chlorophyll content, leaf area index, relative water content, and water use efficiency [WUE]) were evaluated. The results showed that morphological characteristics and essential oil percentage decreased significantly under drought stress (increasing the irrigation intervals). However, the addition of 0.5 (wt%) AS improved plant growth conditions. Increasing the amount of superabsorbent used to 1 and 2 (wt%) decreased the measured traits, which indicates the creation of unsuitable conditions for plant growth. AS application improved the growth of the root more than the leaf yield of peppermint. A 0.5 (wt%) addition of AS resulted in root length increases of 3, 13, and 15%, respectively, at irrigation intervals of 2, 4, and 6 days, respectively. Additionally, at 0.5 (wt%) AS, root weight increased by 8, 15, and 16% in 2-, 4-, and 6-day irrigation intervals, respectively. Also, the height of the plant increased by 3, 5, and 17% at 2-, 4-, and 6-day irrigation intervals when 0.5 (wt%) of AS was used compared to the control. As well, essential oil percentage increased by 2.14, 2.06, and 1.63% at 2-, 4-, and 6-day irrigation intervals. The nutrient and protein contents decreased as irrigation intervals and AS usage increased, indicating a similar trend. However, compared with the control, the addition of 0.5 (wt%) of AS resulted in some improvements in nutrients and protein. The highest WUE (3.075 kg m-3) was attained in the 4-day irrigation interval and 1 wt% AS addition. This was followed closely by the 2-day irrigation interval with 1 wt% AS addition at 3.025 kg m-3, and the 4-day irrigation interval with 0.5 wt% AS addition, which reached 2.941 kg m-3. Overall, the use of AS in appropriate amounts (0.5 wt%) can reduce water consumption and enhance essential oil yield and WUE in peppermint cultivation in water-scarce arid and semi-arid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloome Sepehri
- Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 31585-845, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Sima Abdoli
- Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, 6135743136, Iran.
| | | | - Tess Astatkie
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - G W Price
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada
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Urumarudappa SKJ, Rosario S, G R, Sukrong S. A comprehensive review on Saraca asoca (Fabaceae) - Historical perspective, traditional uses, biological activities, and conservation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116861. [PMID: 37390875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Saraca asoca (Roxb.)W.J.de Wilde, (Fabaceae) is a plant of significant medicinal value in traditional Indian medicine, with a long history of use in the treatment of gynaecological disorders and other ailments, and is held in high esteem. This plant has long existed in Indian tradition and is revered as sacred. AIM OF THE STUDY This work aimed to explore the taxonomic revision of Saraca asoca from ancient times to the present and to evaluate the ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological information associated with traditional use and develop a roadmap for conservative strategies of species. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study draws on a comprehensive range of herbal, traditional, ethnobotanical, and ethnopharmacological information, including ancient Ayurvedic textbooks and various databases, using a single keyword or a combination of multiple keywords. RESULTS This review establishes a roadmap for understanding the traditional history of medicinal plants, particularly Saraca, and highlights the transfer of traditional knowledge from pharmacopoeias, materia medica, and classical textbooks over many centuries. The study also emphasises the importance of conservation strategies to protect Saraca as a valuable resource for healthcare and suggests that more research is needed to systematically evaluate its phytochemical, pharmacological, and clinical properties, as well as to develop safety, pharmacology, and toxicology reports for traditional formulations. CONCLUSIONS In light of this study, S. asoca could be considered an important source of potential herbal drugs. The review concludes with a call for further research and conservation efforts to protect Saraca and other traditional medicinal plants for the benefit of current and future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh Kumar J Urumarudappa
- Center of Excellence in DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sachin Rosario
- School of Ecology and Conservation, Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Ravikanth G
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Center of Excellence in DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Antonopoulou E, Kolygas M, Panteli N, Gouva E, Kontogeorgiou P, Feidantsis K, Chatzopoulos A, Bitchava K, Zacharis C, Bonos E, Giannenas I, Skoufos I, Andreadis SS, Skoulakis G, Athanassiou CG, Nathanailides C. Breeding Substrate Containing Distillation Residues of Mediterranean Medicinal Aromatic Plants Modulates the Effects of Tenebrio molitor as Fishmeal Substitute on Blood Signal Transduction and WBC Activation of Gilthead Seabream ( Sparus aurata). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2537. [PMID: 37570345 PMCID: PMC10417334 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This work assesses the dietary use of two insect meals of Tenebrio molitor (TM) larvae reared in conventional (TM-10) or MAP-enriched substrates (MAP-TM-10) as fish meal replacements (10%) in the diets of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Fish (n = 4500; 207.19 ± 1.47 g) were divided into three groups with triplicates: control (fed conventional diet), TM-10, and MAP-TM-10 groups. The fish were reared in floating cages for 12 weeks and the dietary effects on white blood cell activation, heat shock proteins, MAPKs, and apoptosis of the fish were evaluated. The MAP-TM-10 group exhibited the highest eosinophilic induction. Phosphorylated levels of p38 MAPK, p44/42 MAPK, HSP70, and HSP90 increased in the TM-10 and MAP-TM-10 groups. In terms of apoptosis, Bax levels were lower in the TM groups compared to the control, and the MAP-TM-10 group showed even lower levels than the TM-10 group. Bcl-2 levels increased in the TM-10 group compared to the control, and further increased in the MAP-TM-10 group. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, an apoptosis indicator, decreased in the TM groups, with the MAP-TM-10 group showing a further decrease compared to TM-10. These findings suggest that insects' breeding substrate being enriched with MAPs modulated the effect of TM on cellular stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthimia Antonopoulou
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Markos Kolygas
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (M.K.)
| | - Nikolas Panteli
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Gouva
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (M.K.)
| | - Panagiota Kontogeorgiou
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Feidantsis
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Patras, 26504 Messolonghi, Greece
| | - Achilleas Chatzopoulos
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrobiology, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Bitchava
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrobiology, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Skaloma Fishery [A.C], 46300 Sagaida, Greece
| | - Christos Zacharis
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (M.K.)
| | - Eleftherios Bonos
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (M.K.)
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Skoufos
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (M.K.)
| | - Stefanos S. Andreadis
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, 57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - Georgios Skoulakis
- AgriScienceGEO, Melpomenis Str. P.O. Box 60561, Industrial Area of Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos G. Athanassiou
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Nea Ionia, Greece
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Póvoa O, Lopes V, Barata AM, Farinha N. Monitoring Genetic Erosion of Aromatic and Medicinal Plant Species in Alentejo (South Portugal). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2588. [PMID: 37514203 PMCID: PMC10386371 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of this work was to study the genetic erosion risk of plants with aromatic, medicinal and gastronomic applications in Portugal, particularly in the Alentejo region. The target species were coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), hart's pennyroyal (Mentha cervina L.) and pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.). The methodology involved direct observations and surveys (2002/2003 and 2011). The GE formula applied in Hammer's studies was used to estimate genetic erosion. The main factors causing genetic erosion were the primary drivers of biodiversity loss: habitat loss, invasive species, and overexploitation influenced by human intervention such as the clearing of watercourses, vegetation control, grazing and desertification. The results indicate a reduction in individuals per species in Alentejo, with a net erosion loss of 11% for M. pulegium, 32% for M. cervina and 33% for C. sativum. The overall loss of accessions (genetic erosion risk) was higher in cultivated accessions (33%) than in wild accessions (11%), with an annual genetic erosion rate of 3.7% and 1.2%, respectively. The annual risk of genetic erosion for M. pulegium accessions collected in a natural habitat was 0.6%, which is much lower than the 3.7% for M. cervina. These results consolidate the importance of collecting and conserving genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlanda Póvoa
- VALORIZA-Centro de Investigação para a Valorização de Recursos Endógenos, Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, Praça do Município 11, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, Praça do Município 11, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal
| | - Violeta Lopes
- Banco Português de Germoplasma Vegetal (BPGV), Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Quinta de S. José, S. Pedro de Merelim, 4700-859 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Barata
- Banco Português de Germoplasma Vegetal (BPGV), Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Quinta de S. José, S. Pedro de Merelim, 4700-859 Braga, Portugal
| | - Noémia Farinha
- Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, Praça do Município 11, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal
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Ostadi A, Javanmard A, Amani Machiani M, Kakaei K. Optimizing Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Properties of Peppermint ( Mentha piperita L.) by Integrative Application of Biofertilizer and Stress-Modulating Nanoparticles under Drought Stress Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:151. [PMID: 36616280 PMCID: PMC9824365 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress (DS) negatively affects plant growth, productivity, and quality in semi-arid and arid regions. Nowadays, application of biofertilizers and stress-modulating nanoparticles (NPs) improves plant performance under stressful conditions. The study evaluated the impacts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Myco-Root) and TiO2 NPs on the nutrient uptake, dry yield, essential oil (EO) productivity, and EO quality of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) under different irrigation regimes. The treatments included three irrigation regimes containing irrigation after 20% (I20, well-watered), 40% (I40, mild DS), and 60% (I60, severe DS) maximum allowable depletion (MAD) percentage of the soil's available water as well as four fertilizer sources contain no fertilization (control), Myco-Root biofertilizer, TiO2 NPs, and an integrative application of Myco-Root + TiO2 NPs. The results demonstrated that the highest (195.72 g m-2) and the lowest dry yield (78.76 g m-2) of peppermint was obtained in well-watered conditions with integrative application of Myco-Root + TiO2 NPs and severe drought stress (I60) without fertilization, respectively. The dry yield of peppermint was reduced by 27.7 and 53.4% in mild (I40) and severe drought stress (I60), respectively. The maximum EO content (1.49%) and EO yield (2.30 g m-2) was recorded in mild drought stress (I40) treated with Myco-Root + TiO2 NPs. Based on the GC-MS and GC-FID analysis, 29 constituents were identified in peppermint EO, with the major constituents being menthol (38.99-52%), menthone (12.72-20.13%), 1,8-cineole (6.55-7.84%), and neo-menthol (3.14-4.52%), respectively. The maximum content of menthol, 1,8-cineole, and neo-menthol was obtained under mild drought stress (I40) fertilized with Myco-Root + TiO2 NPs. The results indicate that the integrative application of Myco-Root + TiO2 NPs could be used as an alternative method of using chemical fertilizers in sustainable agricultural systems for improving the EO quantity and quality of peppermint grown under drought stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ostadi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 55181-83111, Iran
| | - Abdollah Javanmard
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 55181-83111, Iran
| | - Mostafa Amani Machiani
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 55181-83111, Iran
| | - Karim Kakaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 55181-83111, Iran
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Aziz MA, Ullah Z, Adnan M, Sõukand R, Pieroni A. Plant Use Adaptation in Pamir: Sarikoli Foraging in the Wakhan Area, Northern Pakistan. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101543. [PMID: 36290446 PMCID: PMC9599004 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The study recorded the food uses of wild food plants (WFPs) among the Sarikoli diaspora and the dominant Wakhi in Broghil Valley, North Pakistan, to understand their food adaptation, mainly by looking through the lens of food ethnobotanies. A total of 30 participants took part in the study, which included 15 elderly individuals from each ethnic group. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews. We recorded 29 WFPs, mostly used as cooked vegetables and snacks. The food uses, as well as the local plant nomenclatures, linked to WFPs of the two studied groups were completely homogenized, which could be attributed to the cultural assimilation of the Sarikoli people to Wakhi culture. We found that although traditional knowledge on WFPs has been homogenized, social change in nearby regions is also threatening the traditional knowledge of the two communities, as evidenced by the smaller number of plants reported compared to that of all other field ethnobotanical studies conducted in nearby regions. Moreover, the growth of legal restrictions and sanctions on accessing natural resources are posing serious challenges to cultural resilience in the valley, and the restrictions on cross-border movement in particular are creating challenges for those who have cross-border kinship relationships between the two groups. We suggest specific measures, such as the promotion of food tourism and educational activities, to protect traditional knowledge and bicultural heritage from further erosion in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdul Aziz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia, Veneto, Italy
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II 9, 12042 Pollenzo, Bra, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Zahid Ullah
- Center for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Kanju 19201, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Renata Sõukand
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia, Veneto, Italy
| | - Andrea Pieroni
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II 9, 12042 Pollenzo, Bra, Italy
- Department of Medical Analysis, Tishk International University, Erbil 4401, Kurdistan, Iraq
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Territorial Marketing Based on Non-Wood Forest Products (NWFPs) to Enhance Sustainable Tourism in Rural Areas: A Literature Review. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13081231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
It is often seen how a distinctive feature of a territory is used as a brand to create an image that attracts tourists to the region. This is so-called “territorial marketing”, and together with this brand, connected products and services, usually related to recreation, gastronomy and well-being, are offered. Non-wood forest products (NWFPs), such as mushrooms, truffles, aromatic and medicinal plants, nuts and berries, are natural products connected to local traditions that contribute to rural economies, culture and society. This becomes particularly prominent when used as elements of identity to brand specific geographical areas such as the “Chestnut Route”, the “Cranberry Valley” or the “Truffle Way”. This review aims to delve into the understanding of this link between NWFPs and sustainable tourism through territorial marketing and to discuss the different perspectives that address this field, including the methodologies used for the studies, as well as to identify the main research topics tackled in the literature, territorial marketing models and the challenges for its development. The results show the multidisciplinary nature of this field of research, addressed primarily by economists through qualitative surveys and case studies. Most authors emphasize the growing interest in territorial marketing in rural areas as well as the importance of involving the local population in the implementation process. Several studies offer a territorial marketing process model, among which stakeholders’ participation, place identity and image, as well as their interaction, are main aspects to be considered when developing this strategy. A new territorial marketing model is proposed. While it is an emergent research field, studies focused on territorial marketing based on NWFPs to attract tourism remain a research niche.
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