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Muhidinov ZK, Nasriddinov AS, Strahan GD, Jonmurodov AS, Bobokalonov JT, Ashurov AI, Zumratov AH, Chau HK, Hotchkiss AT, Liu LS. Structural analyses of apricot pectin polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:135544. [PMID: 39265912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Apricot pectin polysaccharides' fine structure was performed using HPSEC, HPAEC-PAD, GC-MS, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies. Purified pectin fraction (F1AP) was composed of D-galacturonic acid, L-rhamnose, D-arabinose and D-galactose, Mw ~ 1588 kDa. F1AP was eluted by water and with 0.2 M NaCl from DEAE Sepharose fraction resulting in two distinct fractions, F1AP1 and F1AP6, with different structures, molecular weights, and conformations, providing insights into their structural diversity. F1AP1 neutral properties were related to its association with protein. F1AP1 had a backbone of (1 → 4)-linked-D-galacturonic acid and (1 → 2)-linked-L-rhamnopyranosyl residues branched with arabinogalactan including multiple glycosidic linkages of T-α-Araf, 3-α-Araf, 5-α-Araf, T-α-Arap, 2-α-Arap, t-Galp, 2-Galp, 3-Galp, 4-Galp, 6-Galp, 2,4-Galp, 3,4-Galp, 3,6-Galp and 4,6-Galp side chains, having methyl and acetylated groups, and a high molecular weight (1945 kDa). The Mark-Houwink exponent was 0.276, indicating a compact spherical conformation. While the other F1AP6 fraction consists predominately of less methylated HG regions of pectin polysaccharides. The molar mass of this fraction was 117.5 kDa, which adopted a stiffer and random coil conformation. This knowledge allows us to evaluate how the balance of chemical structure and physical properties of the two pectin domains may manifest itself in the isolated structure of apricot pectin and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zayniddin K Muhidinov
- Institute of Chemistry named after V.I Nikitin of the Tajikistan National Academy of Sciences, Dushanbe 734063, Tajikistan.
| | - Abubakr S Nasriddinov
- Institute of Chemistry named after V.I Nikitin of the Tajikistan National Academy of Sciences, Dushanbe 734063, Tajikistan
| | - Gary D Strahan
- Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA.
| | - Abduvaly S Jonmurodov
- Institute of Chemistry named after V.I Nikitin of the Tajikistan National Academy of Sciences, Dushanbe 734063, Tajikistan
| | - Jamshed T Bobokalonov
- Institute of Chemistry named after V.I Nikitin of the Tajikistan National Academy of Sciences, Dushanbe 734063, Tajikistan
| | - Ashurboy I Ashurov
- Institute of Chemistry named after V.I Nikitin of the Tajikistan National Academy of Sciences, Dushanbe 734063, Tajikistan
| | - Aziz H Zumratov
- Institute of Chemistry named after V.I Nikitin of the Tajikistan National Academy of Sciences, Dushanbe 734063, Tajikistan
| | - Hoa K Chau
- Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA.
| | - Arland T Hotchkiss
- Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA.
| | - Lin Shu Liu
- Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA.
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Amtaghri S, Slaoui M, Eddouks M. Moroccan Antihypertensive Plants and their Mechanisms of Action. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:1254-1279. [PMID: 38243970 DOI: 10.2174/0118715303272284231126145853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of herbal remedies, medicinal plants, and their derivatives for the treatment and control of hypertension is well-known and widespread throughout Morocco. AIMS The aim of the study was to review the antihypertensive and vasorelaxant medicinal plants of the Moroccan pharmacopeia. OBJECTIVE To date, no review on Moroccan medicinal plants exhibiting antihypertensive effects has been performed, and their mechanism of action has not been specified. The objective of this review was to collect, analyze, and critically assess published publications on experimental and clinical research that explored the blood pressure-reducing abilities of Moroccan medicinal plant extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study collected, processed, and critically analyzed published studies related to experimental and clinical research that investigated Moroccan herbal derivatives' blood pressure-lowering abilities using a number of scientific databases, including ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and others. Plantlist.org was used to validate the right plant names. RESULTS The results revealed 22 species of Moroccan medicinal plants belonging to 13 different groups with recognized antihypertensive properties. The species were abundant in a variety of chemical elements. Asteraceae (08 species), Lamiaceae (3 species), Apiaceae (2 species), and 1 species each from the following families: Parmeliaceae, Fabaceae, Cistaceae, Malvaceae, Polygonaceae, Brassicaceae, Myrtaceae, Rutaceae, Amaranthaceae, Rosaceae, and Lauraceae were the most frequently mentioned families for their antihypertensive properties. The most used parts were the leaves and the aerial parts. The two main methods of preparation among Moroccans were decoction and infusion. This study demonstrated the known antihypertensive and vasorelaxant properties of Moroccan medicinal plants in vivo and in vitro, as well as their mechanisms of action. Interestingly, phytochemicals can operate on blood vessels directly via a vasorelaxant impact involving a range of signaling cascades or indirectly by blocking or activating multiple systems, such as an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), renin-angiotensin system (RAS), or diuretic activity. CONCLUSION The review of the available data reveals that more work needs to be done to examine all the Moroccan medicinal plants that have been suggested as antihypertensive in published ethnopharmacological surveys. A review of the literature in this area reveals that methodologies of the experimental study need to be standardized, and purified molecules need to be studied. In addition, mechanistic investigations, when they exist, are generally incomplete. In contrast, only a few advanced clinical investigations have been conducted. However, all studies fail to determine the efficacy/safety ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smail Amtaghri
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, 52000, Morocco
- Energy, materials and sustainable development (EMDD) Team- Higher School of Technology-SALE, Center for Water, Natural Resources Environment and Sustainable Development (CERNE2D), Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Miloudia Slaoui
- Energy, materials and sustainable development (EMDD) Team- Higher School of Technology-SALE, Center for Water, Natural Resources Environment and Sustainable Development (CERNE2D), Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, 52000, Morocco
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Amoriello T, Ciorba R, Ruggiero G, Amoriello M, Ciccoritti R. A Performance Evaluation of Two Hyperspectral Imaging Systems for the Prediction of Strawberries' Pomological Traits. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 24:174. [PMID: 38203035 PMCID: PMC10781302 DOI: 10.3390/s24010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Pomological traits are the major factors determining the quality and price of fresh fruits. This research was aimed to investigate the feasibility of using two hyperspectral imaging (HSI) systems in the wavelength regions comprising visible to near infrared (VisNIR) (400-1000 nm) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) (935-1720 nm) for predicting four strawberry quality attributes (firmness-FF, total soluble solid content-TSS, titratable acidity-TA, and dry matter-DM). Prediction models were developed based on artificial neural networks (ANN). The entire strawberry VisNIR reflectance spectra resulted in accurate predictions of TSS (R2 = 0.959), DM (R2 = 0.947), and TA (R2 = 0.877), whereas good prediction was observed for FF (R2 = 0.808). As for models from the SWIR system, good correlations were found between each of the physicochemical indices and the spectral information (R2 = 0.924 for DM; R2 = 0.898 for TSS; R2 = 0.953 for TA; R2 = 0.820 for FF). Finally, data fusion demonstrated a higher ability to predict fruit internal quality (R2 = 0.942 for DM; R2 = 0. 981 for TSS; R2 = 0.976 for TA; R2 = 0.951 for FF). The results confirmed the potential of these two HSI systems as a rapid and nondestructive tool for evaluating fruit quality and enhancing the product's marketability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Amoriello
- CREA—Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Ciorba
- CREA—Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Via di Fioranello 52, 00134 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (G.R.)
| | - Gaia Ruggiero
- CREA—Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Via di Fioranello 52, 00134 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (G.R.)
| | - Monica Amoriello
- CREA—Central Administration, Via Archimede 59, 00197 Rome, Italy;
| | - Roberto Ciccoritti
- CREA—Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Via di Fioranello 52, 00134 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (G.R.)
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Choudhry R, Yasmin A, Aslam MA, Imran A, Ahmad RS, Saeed F, Islam F, Zahoor T, Shah MA, Rasool A. Extraction of protein from apricot kernel oil press cake (AKOPC) through innovative techniques and the formulation of supplemented yogurt. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6085-6095. [PMID: 37823150 PMCID: PMC10563672 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The apricot kernel oil press cake (AKOPC) is a high protein natural by-product of oil mechanical expression with potential uses in cosmetics, medicines, and food. The purpose of this research was to improve the protein extraction process from apricot kernel oil press cake by using enzymatic extraction (EEP), aqueous extraction (AEP), and ultrasound extraction (UEP) process. Protein extraction by AEP was facilitated by a low solid-liquid ratio (SLR) (1:15.97) and prolonged reaction durations (3.30 h), resulting in extraction yields of 68%. When compared to the AEP by similar reaction time, increased enzyme utilization (0.90%) in the EEP resulted in greater protein extraction yields (70%) in a shorter reaction time. In addition to AEP and EEP, ultrasound extraction was also used to improve protein extractability. Temperature (50°C), power density (225 W/L), and extraction duration (20 min) were shown to be the best extraction points. Protein yield was found to be 56.47% at ideal UEP conditions. The experimental values for these reactions were found to be equivalent to the predicted values formed by the mathematical models. When supplementary skimmed milk powder (SMP) was substituted with apricot kernel protein (AKP) in the yogurt manufacturing process, the total solids, average titratable acidity, total protein, and fat contents of the yogurt were increased. In contrast, pH and syneresis values decreased as AKP increased in the resulting yogurt, whether fresh or after 7 days of cold storage. Substitution of additional SMP with AKP in yogurt production might be recommended up to 35%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabbiya Choudhry
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Adeela Yasmin
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Arslan Aslam
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Rabia Shabir Ahmad
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Fakhar Islam
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
- Department of Clinical NutritionNUR International UniversityLahorePakistan
| | - Tahir Zahoor
- Department of Clinical NutritionNUR International UniversityLahorePakistan
| | - Mohd Asif Shah
- School of BusinessWoxsen UniversityHyderabadIndia
- Division of Research and DevelopmentLovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraIndia
- School of Engineering and TechnologySharda UniversityGreater NoidaIndia
| | - Adil Rasool
- Department of Management Bakhtar UniversityKabulAfghanistan
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Abraão A, Yu M, Gouvinhas I, Ferreira L, Silva AM, Domínguez-Perles R, Barros A. Prunus lusitanica L. Fruits: A Promising Underexploited Source of Nutrients with Potential Economic Value. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050973. [PMID: 36900490 PMCID: PMC10001125 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent times, less-known fruit species have increasingly attracted worldwide attention and their health benefits are at the forefront. The fruits of plants from the genus Prunus are good sources of nutrients due to their economic, agronomic, and healthy values. However, Prunus lusitanica L., commonly known as Portuguese laurel cherry is considered an endangered species. Thus, the present work aimed to monitor the nutritional components of P. lusitanica fruits grown in three locations in northern Portugal for four consecutive years (2016-2019), using AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), spectrophotometric, and chromatographic analysis. The results evidenced the abundance of phytonutrients in P. lusitanica, such as proteins, fat, carbohydrates, soluble sugars, dietary fibre, amino acids, and minerals. It was also highlighted that the variation of nutritional components was relatively linked to the year factor, being especially relevant in the frame of the current changing climate, among others. These findings suggest that P. lusitanica L. deserves to be conserved and planted because of its food and nutraceutical applications. However, more detailed information on this rare plant species, such as phytophysiology, phytochemistry, bioactivity, pharmacology, etc., is certainly required for the design and development of appropriate uses and valorization alternatives for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Abraão
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, (CITAB)/Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Manyou Yu
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, (CITAB)/Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Irene Gouvinhas
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, (CITAB)/Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luís Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, (CITAB)/Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, (CITAB)/Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment (DeBA-ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Food Lab (LabFAS), Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), CSIC, University Campus of Espinardo, 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, (CITAB)/Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Ayour J, Audergon JM, Renard CM, Benichou M, Le Bourvellec C. Phenolic profiling in ten apricot clones using an efficient method (Thioacidolysis-UFLC) and determination of their antioxidant potential. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Semwal P, Painuli S, Jamloki A, Rauf A, Rahman MM, Olatunde A, Hemeg HA, Abu-Izneid T, Naz S, Punia Bangar S, Lorenzo JM, Simal-Gandara J. Himalayan Wild Fruits as a Strong Source of Nutraceuticals, Therapeutics, Food and Nutrition Security. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2121407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Semwal
- Department of Life Sciences, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sakshi Painuli
- Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology, Premnagar Dehradun, India
| | - Abhishek Jamloki
- High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre (HAPPRC), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar, India
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Khyber, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Hassan A. Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medinah Al-Monawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain Campus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Khyber, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sneh Punia Bangar
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jose M. Lorenzo
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Ourense, Spain
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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A Review with Updated Perspectives on Nutritional and Therapeutic Benefits of Apricot and the Industrial Application of Its Underutilized Parts. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27155016. [PMID: 35956966 PMCID: PMC9370680 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fruits maintain the image as the richest sources of vitamins. Focusing on apricots, utilization of apricot species for many applications is possible due to its various benefits. Many research studies demonstrated different perspectives of apricot, especially in medical used as it can act as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial agents. Moreover, in the industrial sectors, apricots can be used in the production of biofuels and batteries. All components of the apricot fruit, including seeds and kernels have been found to possess significant interest. This review is to breach the knowledge gap regarding the key nutrients and chemicals of apricot fruit, contributing to its health-promoting properties to emphasize the noble importance of this fruit in the diet and in the management of several diseases. We also cover the application of apricots in the industry that could be developed as a promising and sustainable source.
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Zhao C, Sun J, Pu X, Shi X, Cheng W, Wang B. Volatile Compounds Analysis and Biomarkers Identification of Four Native Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Cultivars Grown in Xinjiang Region of China. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152297. [PMID: 35954064 PMCID: PMC9368480 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavor (odor and taste) have a significant role in the consumer’s acceptance, and volatile compounds are responsible for the odor of apricots. In the present work, headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS/MS) together with multivariate analysis, i.e., partial least square discrimination analysis (PLS-DA), were applied to construct the volatile fingerprints and biomarkers of apricots in Xinjiang, China. As a result, a total of 63 volatile substances were identified in the fruits of four apricot cultivars, seven of which were considered to serve as volatile biomarkers, which are damascenone for Dabaiyou apricots; acetophenone, myrcenol and 7-hexadecenal for Luopuhongdaike apricots; 2,4-dimethyl-cyclohexanol for You apricots; eucalyptol and salicylaldehyde for Xiaobai apricots. Moreover, Xiaobai apricots were richer in soluble sugars, organic acids and total phenolic and total flavonoid content than the other three apricot varieties. This work helps to characterize the volatile profiles and biomarkers of different apricot cultivars while providing theoretical guidance for developing apricot-flavored foods in practical production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bin Wang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0993-2058093
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Kitic D, Miladinovic B, Randjelovic M, Szopa A, Sharifi-Rad J, Calina D, Seidel V. Anticancer Potential and Other Pharmacological Properties of Prunus armeniaca L.: An Updated Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1885. [PMID: 35890519 PMCID: PMC9325146 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Prunus armeniaca L. (Rosaceae)-syn. Amygdalus armeniaca (L.) Dumort., Armeniaca armeniaca (L.) Huth, Armeniaca vulgaris Lam is commonly known as the apricot tree. The plant is thought to originate from the northern, north-western, and north-eastern provinces of China, although some data show that it may also come from Korea or Japan. The apricot fruit is used medicinally to treat a variety of ailments, including use as an antipyretic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, emetic, and ophthalmic remedy. The Chinese and Korean pharmacopeias describe the apricot seed as an herbal medicinal product. Various parts of the apricot plant are used worldwide for their anticancer properties, either as a primary remedy in traditional medicine or as a complementary or alternative medicine. The purpose of this review was to provide comprehensive and up-to-date information on ethnobotanical data, bioactive phytochemicals, anticancer potential, pharmacological applications, and toxicology of the genus Prunus armeniaca, thus providing new perspectives on future research directions. Included data were obtained from online databases such as PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Science direct, and Wiley Online Library. Multiple anticancer mechanisms have been identified in in vitro and in vivo studies, the most important mechanisms being apoptosis, antiproliferation, and cytotoxicity. The anticancer properties are probably mediated by the contained bioactive compounds, which can activate various anticancer mechanisms and signaling pathways such as tumor suppressor proteins that reduce the proliferation of tumor cells. Other pharmacological properties resulting from the analysis of experimental studies include neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, immunostimulatory, antihyperlipidemic, antibacterial, and antifungal effects. In addition, data were provided on the toxicity of amygdalin, a compound found in apricot kernel seeds, which limits the long-term use of complementary/alternative products derived from P. armeniaca. This updated review showed that bioactive compounds derived from P. armeniaca are promising compounds for future research due to their important pharmacological properties, especially anticancer. A detailed analysis of the chemical structure of these compounds and their cytotoxicity should be carried out in future research. In addition, translational pharmacological studies are required for the correct determination of pharmacologically active doses in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusanka Kitic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Ave. Zorana Djindjica 81, 18000 Nis, Serbia; (D.K.); (B.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Bojana Miladinovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Ave. Zorana Djindjica 81, 18000 Nis, Serbia; (D.K.); (B.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Milica Randjelovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Ave. Zorana Djindjica 81, 18000 Nis, Serbia; (D.K.); (B.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | | | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Veronique Seidel
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK
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Mahboub HH, Faggio C, Hendam BM, Algharib SA, Alkafafy M, Abo Hashem M, Mahmoud YK, Khamis T, Abdel-Ghany HM, Masoud SR, Abdel Rahman AN. Immune-antioxidant trait, Aeromonas veronii resistance, growth, intestinal architecture, and splenic cytokines expression of Cyprinus carpio fed Prunus armeniaca kernel-enriched diets. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 124:182-191. [PMID: 35398527 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the intervention of plant by-products in the fish diet has gained tremendous attention owing to the economic and high nutritious value. The current study is a pioneer attempt to incorporate the apricot, Prunus armeniaca kernel powder (PAKP) into the Common carp, Cyprinus carpio diets, and assess its efficacy on growth, digestion, intestinal morphology, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and splenic cytokines expression, besides the antibacterial role against Aeromonas veronii infection. Apparently healthy fish (N = 120) with an initial body weight of 24.76 ± 0.03g were allotted in 12 glass aquaria (60 L) and randomly distributed into four groups (triplicates, 10 fish/aquarium). The control group (PAKP0) was fed a basal diet without additives. The second, third, and fourth groups were provided PAKP diets with various concentrations (2.5 (PAKP2.5), 5 (PAKP5), and 10 g kg-1 (PAKP10)) respectively. After 60 days (feeding trial), sub-samples of the fish (12 fish/group) were intraperitoneally injected with 1 × 107 CFU mL-1 of A. veronii. Results revealed that body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and specific growth rates were significantly augmented in the PAKP10 group in comparison to the other groups. The dietary inclusion of PAKP at all concentrations boosted the digestive capacity and maintained the intestinal morphology (average villus length, villus width, and goblet cells count) with a marked improvement in PAKP10. Moreover, fish fed on PAKP10 followed by PAKP5 then PAKP2.5 diets had noticeably elevated values of immunological biomarkers (IgM, antiprotease, and lysozyme activity) and antioxidant capabilities (the total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione) as well as significant up-regulation of immune and antioxidant-related genes (TGF-β2, TLR-2, TNF-α, IL-10, SOD, GPx, and GSS). Fourteen days post-infection with A. veronii, the highest relative percentage survival of fish was observed in PAKP10 (83.33%), followed by PAKP5 (66.67%), and PAKP2.5 (50%). Our results indicated that a dietary intervention with PAKP could promise growth, digestion, immunity, and protect C. carpio against A. veronii infection in a dose-dependent manner. This offers a framework for future application of such seeds as a growth promotor, immune-stimulant, and antioxidant, besides an alternative cheap therapeutic antibacterial agent for sustaining the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba H Mahboub
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Basma M Hendam
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Samah Attia Algharib
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, QG, Egypt; National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, China
| | - Mohamed Alkafafy
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Abo Hashem
- Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Yasmina K Mahmoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, P.O. Box 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Heba M Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Shimaa R Masoud
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
| | - Afaf N Abdel Rahman
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.
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Evaluation of Nutritional Content in Wild Apricot Fruits for Sustainable Apricot Production. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) trees are common from Asia to North America and have been used for delicious and nutritious fruits for centuries. Wild apricot trees show great environment plasticity and are free of pest and disease traits, both of which are important for sustainable apricot production. However, wild apricots are more common in Asia and North African countries. Wild apricot trees and fruits show great variability due to seed propagation characteristics. Seeds of wild apricots are used as rootstocks for apricot cultivars, in particular in main apricot producer countries such as Turkey, Uzbekistan, and Iran. Fruits of wild apricots are also an important food in wild apricot growing countries and add value as a sustainable nutrition source. In the present study, a total of 14 wild apricots widely grown in inner Anatolia were characterized by morphological (fruit weight, flesh/seed ratio, fruit firmness, and color index), nutritional (individual sugars and organic acids) and nutraceutical (total phenolic, total flavonoids, total carotenoid, and antioxidant activity) features. The obtained results showed that wild apricot genotypes differed from each other for most of the morphological, nutritional, and nutraceutical characteristics. The genotypes were found pest- and disease-free and had fruit weight, flesh/seed ratio, and fruit firmness of between 18.24 and 27.54 g; 8.96 and 12.44; and 4.05 and 6.03 kg/cm2, respectively. Citric acid was the dominant organic acid for fruits of all wild apricot genotypes, and ranged from 923 to 1224 mg/100 g. Sucrose was the highest soluble sugar in fruits for all wild apricots, and ranged from between 6.80 and 8.33 g/100 g. Moreover, the level of nutraceutical parameters also varied among genotypes and high amounts of total phenol and antioxidant activity were obtained in fruit extracts of IA8 genotype as 81.4 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g and 2.44 μmoL trolox equivalent per g, respectively. Different wild apricot genotypes are rich in certain nutritional and nutraceutical compounds, with significant variations in their levels being observed. The aim of the study was to evaluate fruits of wild apricot genotypes in terms of their total phenolics, antioxidants, and other bioactive compounds for use in future breeding programs and sustainable food and pharma industries.
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Fratianni F, d’Acierno A, Albanese D, Matteo MD, Coppola R, Nazzaro F. Biochemical Characterization of Traditional Varieties of Apricots ( Prunus armeniaca L.) of the Campania Region, Southern Italy. Foods 2021; 11:foods11010100. [PMID: 35010226 PMCID: PMC8750576 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Campania is the most important region of Italy in the apricot cultivation, present mostly in the Vesuvio area. At least to the best of our knowledge, no studies are reporting the biochemical characterization of the considerable number of traditional apricot varieties present on this territory, including the qualitative and quantitative profile of the polyphenols present. Our work evaluated the content of β-carotene, total phenolics, phenolic profiles, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity of 23 traditional varieties of apricots of the Campania region. Principal component analysis (PCA) highlighted that, in the two main groups, the antioxidant activity was strongly affected by the content of ascorbic acid (-0.89), or slightly affected by the content of total polyphenols (-0.67), respect to the content of ascorbic acid (-0.55), never by β-carotene. Chlorogenic acid (up to 55.07 μg g-1) and catechin (up to 96.15 μg g-1) resulted the most abundant polyphenols recognized through the chromatographic analysis. PCA, extended to the polyphenol profile, confirmed the distribution of the varieties in two large groups, evidencing once again the hierarchical distance of four varieties ("Panzona", "Paolona" "Baracca" and "Boccucia Eboli") compared to the others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florinda Fratianni
- Institute of Food Science, CNR-ISA, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (F.F.); (R.C.); (F.N.)
| | - Antonio d’Acierno
- Institute of Food Science, CNR-ISA, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (F.F.); (R.C.); (F.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0825299509
| | - Donatella Albanese
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (D.A.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Marisa Di Matteo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (D.A.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Raffaele Coppola
- Institute of Food Science, CNR-ISA, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (F.F.); (R.C.); (F.N.)
- Department of Agriculture, Environment and Food, University of Molise, Via de Sanctis Snc, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Filomena Nazzaro
- Institute of Food Science, CNR-ISA, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (F.F.); (R.C.); (F.N.)
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Assessment of Morphological Traits, Nutritional and Nutraceutical Composition in Fruits of 18 Apricot cv. Sekerpare Clones. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132011385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) is one of the most important members of Prunus and its trees bears delicious and nutritious fruits during summer months in the temperate zones in the world. Apricot cultivars are propagated asexually which consists of clones. Information on inter-clonal variations in apricot cultivars can assist us in the selection of better clones from commercial cultivars. We aimed to determine morphological traits (fruit weight, seed weight, kernel weight, flesh/seed ratio, shape index, fruit firmness, color index), nutritional (sugars and organic acids) and nutraceutical (total phenolic, total flavonoids, total carotenoid and antioxidant activity) composition of 18 clones of Sekerpare apricot cultivar grown together in Kagizman district in eastern Turkey. Results showed significant differences among clones concerning most of the morphological traits, nutritional and nutraceutical compositions. Fruit weight, flesh/seed ratio and fruit firmness of clones were in range of 23.14–27.11 g, 11.21–13.14 and 3.88–5.11 kg/cm2, respectively. Fruit shape index was slightly similar among all clones which was between 0.95 and 1.03. Citric acid and sucrose were found to be the predominant organic acid and sugar among clones which varied from 728 to 915 mg/100 g and 7.11 to 9.94 g/100 g, respectively. The clone ‘KS2’ exhibited the highest level of total phenol (67.1 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g) and antioxidant activity (2.16 μmol trolox equivalent per g). The study confirmed the diversity among Sekerpare clones and effectiveness of combining morphological, nutritional and nutraceutical analyses in assessment of Şekerpare clones and its use for future pre-breeding programs.
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