1
|
Rodriguez-Rivera GJ, Green M, Shah V, Leyendecker K, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. A user's guide to degradation testing of polyethylene glycol-based hydrogels: From in vitro to in vivo studies. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1200-1212. [PMID: 37715481 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels have gained significant attention in the field of biomedical applications due to their versatility and antifouling properties. Acrylate-derivatized PEG hydrogels (PEGDA) are some of the most widely studied hydrogels; however, there has been debate around the degradation mechanism and predicting resorption rates. Several factors influence the degradation rate of PEG hydrogels, including backbone and endgroup chemistry, macromer molecular weight, and polymer concentration. In addition to hydrogel parameters, it is necessary to understand the influence of biological and environmental conditions (e.g., pH and temperature) on hydrogel degradation. Rigorous methods for monitoring degradation in both in vitro and in vivo settings are also critical to hydrogel design and development. Herein, we provide guidance on tailoring PEG hydrogel chemistry to achieve target hydrolytic degradation kinetics for both resorbable and biostable applications. A detailed overview of accelerated testing methods and hydrogel degradation characterization is provided to aid researchers in experimental design and interpreting in vitro-in vivo correlations necessary for predicting hydrogel device performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mykel Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Vani Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Kathleen Leyendecker
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Proksch J, Dal Colle MCS, Heinz F, Schmidt RF, Gottwald J, Delbianco M, Keller BG, Gradzielski M, Alexiev U, Koksch B. Impact of glycan nature on structure and viscoelastic properties of glycopeptide hydrogels. J Pept Sci 2024; 30:e3599. [PMID: 38567550 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Mucus is a complex biological hydrogel that acts as a barrier for almost everything entering or exiting the body. It is therefore of emerging interest for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Besides water, the most abundant components are the large and densely glycosylated mucins, glycoproteins of up to 20 MDa and carbohydrate content of up to 80 wt%. Here, we designed and explored a library of glycosylated peptides to deconstruct the complexity of mucus. Using the well-characterized hFF03 coiled-coil system as a hydrogel-forming peptide scaffold, we systematically probed the contribution of single glycans to the secondary structure as well as the formation and viscoelastic properties of the resulting hydrogels. We show that glycan-decoration does not affect α-helix and coiled-coil formation while it alters gel stiffness. By using oscillatory macrorheology, dynamic light scattering microrheology, and fluorescence lifetime-based nanorheology, we characterized the glycopeptide materials over several length scales. Molecular simulations revealed that the glycosylated linker may extend into the solvent, but more frequently interacts with the peptide, thereby likely modifying the stability of the self-assembled fibers. This systematic study highlights the interplay between glycan structure and hydrogel properties and may guide the development of synthetic mucus mimetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Proksch
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marlene C S Dal Colle
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Frederick Heinz
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert F Schmidt
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Martina Delbianco
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bettina G Keller
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Alexiev
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Koksch
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xue B, Liu Y, Tian Y, Yin P. The coupling of rotational and translational dynamics for rapid diffusion of nanorods in macromolecular networks. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6502. [PMID: 39090113 PMCID: PMC11294364 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The rod-like viruses show anomalously rapid diffusion in bio-tissue networks originated from the rotation-facilitated transportation; however, the experimental investigation of the correlation of the rotational and translational dynamics is still in blank. Herein, typical rod-like and spherical gold nanoparticles (NPs) are dispersed in the classical Tetra-PEG gels, respectively, as model systems for light scattering studies. The contributions from translational and rotational diffusive dynamics, and network fluctuation dynamics can be well-resolved and the stretch exponent of rotational dynamics at 0.25 is proven to be the fingerprint for the coupled rotational and translational dynamics of nanorods. The rotation facilitated re-orientation finally leads to the fast transportation of nanorods. The discoveries are confirmed to be valid for rod-like biomacromolecule systems by studying the diffusive dynamics of Tobacco mosaic virus in gels. The work can be inspiring for the development of protocols to prevent infection of microorganism and regulate the transportation of nano-medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Panchao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ishikawa S, Kamata H, Sakai T. Enhancing cell adhesion in synthetic hydrogels via physical confinement of peptide-functionalized polymer clusters. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:7103-7112. [PMID: 38919129 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00761a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Artificially synthesized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels are extensively utilized as biomaterials for tissue scaffolds and cell culture matrices due to their non-protein adsorbing properties. Although these hydrogels are inherently non-cell-adhesive, advancements in modifying polymer networks with functional peptides have led to PEG hydrogels with diverse functionalities, such as cell adhesion and angiogenesis. However, traditional methods of incorporating additives into hydrogel networks often result in the capping of crosslinking points with heterogeneous substances, potentially impairing mechanical properties and obscuring the causal relationships of biological functions. This study introduces polymer additives designed to resist prolonged elution from hydrogels, providing a novel approach to facilitate cell culture on non-adhesive surfaces. By clustering tetra-branched PEG to form ultra-high molecular weight hyper-branched structures and functionalizing their termini with cell-adhesive peptides, we successfully entrapped these clusters within the hydrogel matrix without compromising mechanical strength. This method has enabled successful cell culture on inherently non-adhesive PEG hydrogel surfaces at high peptide densities, a feat challenging to achieve with conventional means. The approach proposed in this study not only paves the way for new possibilities with polymer additives but also serves as a new design paradigm for cell culturing on non-cell-adhesive hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry & Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Kamata
- Department of Chemistry & Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takamasa Sakai
- Department of Chemistry & Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao L, Arias SL, Zipfel W, Brito IL, Yeo J. Coarse-grained modeling and dynamics tracking of nanoparticles diffusion in human gut mucus. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131434. [PMID: 38614182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract's mucus layer serves as a critical barrier and a mediator in drug nanoparticle delivery. The mucus layer's diverse molecular structures and spatial complexity complicates the mechanistic study of the diffusion dynamics of particulate materials. In response, we developed a bi-component coarse-grained mucus model, specifically tailored for the colorectal cancer environment, that contained the two most abundant glycoproteins in GI mucus: Muc2 and Muc5AC. This model demonstrated the effects of molecular composition and concentration on mucus pore size, a key determinant in the permeability of nanoparticles. Using this computational model, we investigated the diffusion rate of polyethylene glycol (PEG) coated nanoparticles, a widely used muco-penetrating nanoparticle. We validated our model with experimentally characterized mucus pore sizes and the diffusional coefficients of PEG-coated nanoparticles in the mucus collected from cultured human colorectal goblet cells. Machine learning fingerprints were then employed to provide a mechanistic understanding of nanoparticle diffusional behavior. We found that larger nanoparticles tended to be trapped in mucus over longer durations but exhibited more ballistic diffusion over shorter time spans. Through these discoveries, our model provides a promising platform to study pharmacokinetics in the GI mucus layer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Zhao
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Sandra L Arias
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Warren Zipfel
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Ilana L Brito
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
| | - Jingjie Yeo
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schmidt R, Kiefer H, Dalgliesh R, Gradzielski M, Netz RR. Nanoscopic Interfacial Hydrogel Viscoelasticity Revealed from Comparison of Macroscopic and Microscopic Rheology. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24. [PMID: 38591912 PMCID: PMC11057034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Deviations between macrorheological and particle-based microrheological measurements are often considered to be a nuisance and neglected. We study aqueous poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) hydrogels for varying PEO concentrations and chain lengths that contain microscopic tracer particles and show that these deviations reveal the nanoscopic viscoelastic properties of the particle-hydrogel interface. Based on the transient Stokes equation, we first demonstrate that the deviations are not due to finite particle radius, compressibility, or surface-slip effects. Small-angle neutron scattering rules out hydrogel heterogeneities. Instead, we show that a generalized Stokes-Einstein relation, accounting for an interfacial shell around tracers with viscoelastic properties that deviate from bulk, consistently explains our macrorheological and microrheological measurements. The extracted shell diameter is comparable to the PEO end-to-end distance, indicating the importance of dangling chain ends. Our methodology reveals the nanoscopic interfacial rheology of hydrogels and is applicable to different kinds of viscoelastic fluids and particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert
F. Schmidt
- Stranski-Laboratorium
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Kiefer
- Fachbereich
Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Dalgliesh
- STFC, ISIS, Rutherford
Appleton
Laboratory, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland R. Netz
- Fachbereich
Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Heinz F, Proksch J, Schmidt RF, Gradzielski M, Koksch B, Keller BG. How Chromophore Labels Shape the Structure and Dynamics of a Peptide Hydrogel. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1262-1273. [PMID: 38288602 PMCID: PMC10865361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Biocompatible and functionalizable hydrogels have a wide range of (potential) medicinal applications. The hydrogelation process, particularly for systems with very low polymer weight percentages (<1 wt %), remains poorly understood, making it challenging to predict the self-assembly of a given molecular building block into a hydrogel. This severely hinders the rational design of self-assembled hydrogels. In this study, we demonstrate the impact of an N-terminal group on the self-assembly and rheology of the peptide hydrogel hFF03 (hydrogelating, fibril forming peptide 03) using molecular dynamics simulations, oscillatory shear rheology, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. We find that the chromophore and even its specific regioisomers have a significant influence on the microscopic structure and dynamics of the self-assembled fibril, and on the macroscopic mechanical properties. This is because the chromophore influences the possible salt bridges, which form and stabilize the fibril formation. Furthermore, we find that the solvation shell fibrils by itself cannot explain the viscoelasticity of hFF03 hydrogels. Our atomistic model of the hFF03 fibril formation enables a more rational design of these hydrogels. In particular, altering the N-terminal chromophore emerges as a design strategy to tune the mechanic properties of these self-assembled peptide hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Heinz
- Department
of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie
Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Jonas Proksch
- Department
of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie
Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Robert F. Schmidt
- Stranski-Laboratorium
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für
Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für
Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Beate Koksch
- Department
of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie
Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Bettina G. Keller
- Department
of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie
Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, Berlin 14195, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rodríguez-López R, Wang Z, Oda H, Erdi M, Kofinas P, Fytas G, Scarcelli G. Network Viscoelasticity from Brillouin Spectroscopy. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:955-963. [PMID: 38156622 PMCID: PMC10865340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Even though the physical nature of shear and longitudinal moduli are different, empirical correlations between them have been reported in several biological systems. This correlation is of fundamental interest and immense practical value in biomedicine due to the importance of the shear modulus and the possibility to map the longitudinal modulus at high-resolution with all-optical spectroscopy. We investigate the origin of such a correlation in hydrogels. We hypothesize that both moduli are influenced in the same direction by underlying physicochemical properties, which leads to the observed material-dependent correlation. Matching theoretical models with experimental data, we quantify the scenarios in which the correlation holds. For polymerized hydrogels, a correlation was found across different hydrogels through a common dependence on the effective polymer volume fraction. For hydrogels swollen to equilibrium, the correlation is valid only within a given hydrogel system, as the moduli are found to have different scalings on the swelling ratio. The observed correlation allows one to extract one modulus from another in relevant scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymundo Rodríguez-López
- Fischell
Department of Bioengineering, University
of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Zuyuan Wang
- School
of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
| | - Haruka Oda
- School
of Information Science and Technology, The
University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656,Japan
| | - Metecan Erdi
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Peter Kofinas
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - George Fytas
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FO.R.T.H, N. Plastira 10, Heraklion, 70013, Greece
| | - Giuliano Scarcelli
- Fischell
Department of Bioengineering, University
of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moncure P, Millstone JE, Laaser JE. Role of Ligand Shell Density in the Diffusive Behavior of Nanoparticles in Hydrogels. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:9366-9377. [PMID: 37857360 PMCID: PMC10626584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c03249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The diffusion coefficients of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether thiol (PEGSH)-functionalized gold nanoparticles (NPs) with different effective grafting densities were measured in polyacrylamide hydrogels. The NP core size was held constant, and the NPs were functionalized with mixtures of short oligomeric ligands (254 Da PEGSH) and longer (either 1 or 2 kDa PEGSH) ligands. The ratio of short and long ligands was varied such that the grafting density of the high-molecular-weight (MW) ligand ranged from approximately 1 to 100 high-MW ligands/NP. The diffusion coefficients of the NPs were then measured in gels with varying average mesh sizes. The measured diffusion coefficients decreased with higher MW ligand density. Interestingly, the diffusion coefficients for NPs with high effective grafting densities were well-predicted by their hydrodynamic diameters, but the diffusion coefficients for NPs with low effective grafting densities were higher than expected from their hydrodynamic diameters. These results suggest that crowding in the NP ligand shell influences the mechanism of diffusion, with lower grafting densities allowing ligand chain relaxations that facilitate movement through the gel. This work brings new insights into the factors that dictate how NPs move through hydrogels and will inform the development of models for applications such as drug delivery in complex viscoelastic biological materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paige
J. Moncure
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jill E. Millstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jennifer E. Laaser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kittel Y, Guerzoni LPB, Itzin C, Rommel D, Mork M, Bastard C, Häßel B, Omidinia-Anarkoli A, Centeno SP, Haraszti T, Kim K, Guck J, Kuehne AJC, De Laporte L. Varying the Stiffness and Diffusivity of Rod-Shaped Microgels Independently through Their Molecular Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309779. [PMID: 37712344 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Microgels are water-swollen, crosslinked polymers that are widely used as colloidal building blocks in scaffold materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Microgels can be controlled in their stiffness, degree of swelling, and mesh size depending on their polymer architecture, crosslink density, and fabrication method-all of which influence their function and interaction with the environment. Currently, there is a lack of understanding of how the polymer composition influences the internal structure of soft microgels and how this morphology affects specific biomedical applications. In this report, we systematically vary the architecture and molar mass of polyethylene glycol-acrylate (PEG-Ac) precursors, as well as their concentration and combination, to gain insight in the different parameters that affect the internal structure of rod-shaped microgels. We characterize the mechanical properties and diffusivity, as well as the conversion of acrylate groups during photopolymerization, in both bulk hydrogels and microgels produced from the PEG-Ac precursors. Furthermore, we investigate cell-microgel interaction, and we observe improved cell spreading on microgels with more accessible RGD peptide and with a stiffness in a range of 20 kPa to 50 kPa lead to better cell growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonca Kittel
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Luis P B Guerzoni
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Carolina Itzin
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dirk Rommel
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Mork
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Céline Bastard
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Häßel
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Abdolrahman Omidinia-Anarkoli
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Silvia P Centeno
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tamás Haraszti
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kyoohyun Kim
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light and Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Staudtstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jochen Guck
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light and Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Staudtstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander J C Kuehne
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Laura De Laporte
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V., Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen K, Muthukumar M. Substantial Slowing of Electrophoretic Translocation of DNA through a Nanopore Using Coherent Multiple Entropic Traps. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9197-9208. [PMID: 37146154 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the major challenges in the technology of sequencing DNA using single-molecule electrophoresis through a nanopore is to control the translocation of the macromolecule across the pore in order to allow sufficient time for accurate sequence reading at limited recording bandwidths. If the translocation speed is too fast, the signatures of the bases passing through the sensing region of the nanopore overlap in time, presenting difficulties in accurately identifying the bases in a sequential manner. Even though several strategies, such as enzyme ratcheting, have been implemented to reduce the translocation speed, the challenge to achieve a substantial reduction in the translocation speed continues to be of paramount significance. Toward achieving this goal, we have fabricated a nonenzymatic hybrid device that can reduce the translocation speed of long DNAs by more than 2 orders of magnitude, in comparison with the current status of the art. This device is made of a tetra-PEG hydrogel that is chemically anchored to the donor side of a solid-state nanopore. The idea behind this device is based on the recent discovery of the topologically frustrated dynamical state of confined polymers, whereby the front hydrogel matter of the hybrid device provides multiple entropic traps for a single DNA molecule holding it back against the electrophoretic driving force that pulls the DNA through the solid-state nanopore portion of the device. As a demonstration of slowing DNA translocation by a factor of about 500, we find the average translocation time realized in the present hybrid device for 3 kbp DNA as 23.4 ms, whereas the corresponding time for the bare solid-state nanopore under otherwise identical conditions is 0.047 ms. Our measurements on 1 kbp DNA and λ-DNA show that such a slowing down of DNA translocation with our hybrid device is general. An additional feature of our hybrid device is its incorporation of all features of the conventional gel electrophoresis to separate different DNA sizes in a clump of DNAs and to streamline them in an orderly and slow manner into the nanopore. Our results suggest the high potential of our hydrogel-nanopore hybrid device in further advancing the single-molecule electrophoresis technology to accurately sequence very large biological polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Murugappan Muthukumar
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nassar N, Kasapis S. Fundamental advances in hydrogels for the development of the next generation of smart delivery systems as biopharmaceuticals. Int J Pharm 2023; 633:122634. [PMID: 36690133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in developing and applying therapeutic peptides for anticancer, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory remedies have opened a new era in therapeutics. This development has resulted in the engineering of new biologics as part of a concerted effort by the pharmaceutical industry. Many alternative routes of administration and delivery vehicles, targeting better patient compliance and optimal therapeutic bioavailability, have emerged. However, the design of drug delivery systems to protect a range of unstable macromolecules, including peptides and proteins, from high temperatures, acidic environments, and enzymatic degradation remains a priority. Herein, we give chronological insights in the development of controlled-release drug delivery systems that occurred in the last 70 years or so. Subsequently, we summarise the key physicochemical characteristics of hydrogels contributing to the development of protective delivery systems concerning drug-targeted delivery in the chronospatial domain for biopharmaceuticals. Furthermore, we shed some light on promising hydrogels that can be utilised for systemic bioactive administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazim Nassar
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, Melbourne, Vic 3083, Australia.
| | - Stefan Kasapis
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, Melbourne, Vic 3083, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sonu KP, Zhou L, Biswas S, Klier J, Balazs AC, Emrick T, Peyton SR. Strain-Stiffening Hydrogels with Dynamic, Secondary Cross-Linking. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2659-2666. [PMID: 36752594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are water-swollen, typically soft networks useful as biomaterials and in other fields of biotechnology. Hydrogel networks capable of sensing and responding to external perturbations, such as light, temperature, pH, or force, are useful across a wide range of applications requiring on-demand cross-linking or dynamic changes. Thus far, although mechanophores have been described as strain-sensitive reactive groups, embedding this type of force-responsiveness into hydrogels is unproven. Here, we synthesized multifunctional polymers that combine a hydrophilic zwitterion with permanently cross-linking alkenes, and dynamically cross-linking disulfides. From these polymers, we created hydrogels that contain irreversible and strong thiol-ene cross-links and reversible disulfide cross-links, and they stiffened in response to strain, increasing hundreds of kPa in modulus under compression. We examined variations in polymer composition and used a constitutive model to determine how to balance the number of thiol-ene vs disulfide cross-links to create maximally force-responsive networks. These strain-stiffening hydrogels represent potential biomaterials that benefit from the mechanoresponsive behavior needed for emerging applications in areas such as tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K P Sonu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 240 Thatcher Way, Life Sciences Laboratory N531, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Le Zhou
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Santidan Biswas
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - John Klier
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Carson Engineering Center, Room 107, Norman, Oklahoma 73019-0631, United States
| | - Anna C Balazs
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Shelly R Peyton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 240 Thatcher Way, Life Sciences Laboratory N531, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jagrosse M, Agredo P, Abraham BL, Toriki ES, Nilsson BL. Supramolecular Phenylalanine-Derived Hydrogels for the Sustained Release of Functional Proteins. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:784-796. [PMID: 36693219 PMCID: PMC9930093 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein-based therapeutics have emerged as next-generation pharmaceutical agents for oncology, bone regeneration, autoimmune disorders, viral infections, and other diseases. The clinical application of protein therapeutics has been impeded by pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic challenges including off-target toxicity, rapid clearance, and drug stability. Strategies for the localized and sustained delivery of protein therapeutics have shown promise in addressing these challenges. Hydrogels are critical materials that enable these delivery strategies. Supramolecular hydrogels composed of self-assembled materials have demonstrated biocompatibility advantages over polymer hydrogels, with peptide and protein-based gels showing strong potential. However, cost is a significant drawback of peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels. Supramolecular hydrogels composed of inexpensive low-molecular-weight (LMW) gelators, including modified amino acid derivatives, have been reported as viable alternatives to peptide-based materials. Herein, we report the encapsulation and release of proteins from supramolecular hydrogels composed of perfluorinated fluorenylmethyloxcarbonyl-modified phenylalanine (Fmoc-F5-Phe-DAP). Specifically, we demonstrate release of four model proteins (ribonuclease A (RNase A), trypsin inhibitor (TI), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and human immunoglobulin G (IgG)) from these hydrogels. The emergent viscoelastic properties of these materials are characterized, and the functional and time-dependent release of proteins from the hydrogels is demonstrated. In addition, it is shown that the properties of the aqueous solution used for hydrogel formulation have a significant influence on the in vitro release profiles, as a function of the isoelectric point and molecular weight of the protein payloads. These studies collectively validate that this class of supramolecular LMW hydrogel possesses the requisite properties for the sustained and localized release of protein therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa
L. Jagrosse
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York14627, United States
| | - Pamela Agredo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York14627, United States
| | - Brittany L. Abraham
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York14627, United States
| | - Ethan S. Toriki
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York14627, United States
| | - Bradley L. Nilsson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York14627, United States,Materials
Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York14627, United States,. Tel: +1 585 276-3053
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Davino S, Callegari D, Pasini D, Thomas M, Nicotera I, Bonizzoni S, Mustarelli P, Quartarone E. Cross-Linked Gel Electrolytes with Self-Healing Functionalities for Smart Lithium Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:51941-51953. [PMID: 36355595 PMCID: PMC9706498 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation Li-ion batteries must guarantee improved durability, quality, reliability, and safety to satisfy the stringent technical requirements of crucial sectors such as e-mobility. One breakthrough strategy to overcome the degradation phenomena affecting the battery performance is the development of advanced materials integrating smart functionalities, such as self-healing units. Herein, we propose a gel electrolyte based on a uniform and highly cross-linked network, hosting a high amount of liquid electrolyte, with multiple advantages: (i) autonomous, fast self-healing, and a promising PF5-scavenging role; (ii) solid-like mechanical stability despite the large fraction of entrapped liquid; and (iii) good Li+ transport. It is shown that such a gel electrolyte has very good conductivity (>1.0 mS cm-1 at 40 °C) with low activation energy (0.25 eV) for the ion transport. The transport properties are easily restored in the case of physical damages, thanks to the outstanding capability of the polymer to intrinsically repair severe cracks or fractures. The good elastic modulus of the cross-linked network, combined with the high fraction of anions immobilized within the polymer backbone, guarantees stable Li electrodeposition, disfavoring the formation of mossy dendrites with the Li metal anode. We demonstrate the electrolyte performance in a full-cell configuration with a LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cathode, obtaining good cycling performance and stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Davino
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 16, Pavia27100, Italy
| | - D. Callegari
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 16, Pavia27100, Italy
- GISEL—Centro
di Riferimento Nazionale per i Sistemi di Accumulo Elettrochimico
di Energia, INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, Firenze50121, Italy
| | - D. Pasini
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 16, Pavia27100, Italy
| | - M. Thomas
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Rende, Cosenza87036, Italy
| | - I. Nicotera
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Rende, Cosenza87036, Italy
- GISEL—Centro
di Riferimento Nazionale per i Sistemi di Accumulo Elettrochimico
di Energia, INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, Firenze50121, Italy
| | - S. Bonizzoni
- Department
of Materials Science, University of Milano
Bicocca, Via Cozzi 55, Milano20126, Italy
| | - P. Mustarelli
- Department
of Materials Science, University of Milano
Bicocca, Via Cozzi 55, Milano20126, Italy
- GISEL—Centro
di Riferimento Nazionale per i Sistemi di Accumulo Elettrochimico
di Energia, INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, Firenze50121, Italy
| | - E. Quartarone
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 16, Pavia27100, Italy
- GISEL—Centro
di Riferimento Nazionale per i Sistemi di Accumulo Elettrochimico
di Energia, INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, Firenze50121, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Owh C, Ow V, Lin Q, Wong JHM, Ho D, Loh XJ, Xue K. Bottom-up design of hydrogels for programmable drug release. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 141:213100. [PMID: 36096077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are a promising drug delivery system for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and similarity to native tissue. Programming the release rate from hydrogels is critical to ensure release of desired dosage over specified durations, particularly with the advent of more complicated medical regimens such as combinatorial drug therapy. While it is known how hydrogel structure affects release, the parameters that can be explicitly controlled to modulate release ab initio could be useful for hydrogel design. In this review, we first survey common physical models of hydrogel release. We then extensively go through the various input parameters that we can exercise direct control over, at the levels of synthesis, formulation, fabrication and environment. We also illustrate some examples where hydrogels can be programmed with the input parameters for temporally and spatially defined release. Finally, we discuss the exciting potential and challenges for programming release, and potential implications with the advent of machine learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cally Owh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS), 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Valerie Ow
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Qianyu Lin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS), 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Joey Hui Min Wong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Dean Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Engineering Block 4, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, #01-30 General Office, Block N4.1, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Kun Xue
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rose KA, Gogotsi N, Galarraga JH, Burdick JA, Murray CB, Lee D, Composto RJ. Shape Anisotropy Enhances Nanoparticle Dynamics in Nearly Homogeneous Hydrogels. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katie A. Rose
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
| | - Natalie Gogotsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
| | - Jonathan H. Galarraga
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
- BioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States
| | - Christopher B. Murray
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
| | - Russell J. Composto
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gosecka M, Jaworska-Krych D, Gosecki M, Wielgus E, Marcinkowska M, Janaszewska A, Klajnert-Maculewicz B. Self-Healable, Injectable Hydrogel with Enhanced Clotrimazole Solubilization as a Potential Therapeutic Platform for Gynecology. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4203-4219. [PMID: 36073031 PMCID: PMC9554913 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Injectable, self-healing hydrogels with enhanced solubilization
of hydrophobic drugs are urgently needed for antimicrobial intravaginal
therapies. Here, we report the first hydrogel systems constructed
of dynamic boronic esters cross-linking unimolecular micelles, which
are a reservoir of antifungal hydrophobic drug molecules. The selective
hydrophobization of hyperbranched polyglycidol with phenyl units in
the core via ester or urethane bonds enabled the solubilization of
clotrimazole, a water-insoluble drug of broad antifungal properties.
The encapsulation efficiency of clotrimazole increases with the degree
of the HbPGL core modification; however, the encapsulation is more
favorable in the case of urethane derivatives. In addition, the rate
of clotrimazole release was lower from HbPGL hydrophobized via urethane
bonds than with ester linkages. In this work, we also revealed that
the hydrophobization degree of HbPGL significantly influences the
rheological properties of its hydrogels with poly(acrylamide-ran-2-acrylamidephenylboronic acid). The elastic strength
of networks (GN) and the thermal stability
of hydrogels increased along with the degree of HbPGL core hydrophobization.
The degradation of the hydrogel constructed of the neat HbPGL was
observed at approx. 40 °C, whereas the hydrogels constructed
on HbPGL, where the monohydroxyl units were modified above 30 mol
%, were stable above 50 °C. Moreover, the flow and self-healing
ability of hydrogels were gradually decreased due to the reduced dynamics
of macromolecules in the network as an effect of increased hydrophobicity.
The changes in the rheological properties of hydrogels resulted from
the engagement of phenyl units into the intermolecular hydrophobic
interactions, which besides boronic esters constituted additional
cross-links. This study demonstrates that the HbPGL core hydrophobized
with phenyl units at 30 mol % degrees via urethane linkages is optimal
in respect of the drug encapsulation efficiency and rheological properties
including both self-healable and injectable behavior. This work is
important because of a proper selection of a building component for
the construction of a therapeutic hydrogel platform dedicated to the
intravaginal delivery of hydrophobic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gosecka
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Daria Jaworska-Krych
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mateusz Gosecki
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wielgus
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Marcinkowska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Janaszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Moncure PJ, Simon ZC, Millstone JE, Laaser JE. Relationship between Gel Mesh and Particle Size in Determining Nanoparticle Diffusion in Hydrogel Nanocomposites. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:4132-4142. [PMID: 35609342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The diffusion of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether thiol (PEGSH)-functionalized gold nanoparticles (NPs) was measured in polyacrylamide gels with various cross-linking densities. The molecular weight of the PEGSH ligand and particle core size were both varied to yield particles with hydrodynamic diameters ranging from 7 to 21 nm. The gel mesh size was varied from approximately 36 to 60 nm by controlling the cross-linking density of the gel. Because high-molecular-weight ligands are expected to yield more compressible particles, we expected the diffusion constants of the NPs to depend on their hard/soft ratios (where the hard component of the particle consists of the particle core and the soft component of the particle consists of the ligand shell). However, our measurements revealed that NP diffusion coefficients resulted primarily from changes in the overall hydrodynamic diameter and not the ratio of particle core size to ligand size. Across all particles and gels, we found that the diffusion coefficient was well predicted by the confinement ratio calculated from the diameter of the particle and an estimate of the gel mesh size obtained from the elastic blob model and was well described using a hopping model for nanoparticle diffusion. These results suggest that the elastic blob model provides a reasonable estimate of the mesh size that particles "see" as they diffuse through the gel. This work brings new insights into the factors that dictate how NPs move through polymer gels and will inform the development of hydrogel nanocomposites for applications such as drug delivery in heterogeneous, viscoelastic biological materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paige J Moncure
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Zoe C Simon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jill E Millstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jennifer E Laaser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mercado-Montijo J, Anstine DM, Rukmani SJ, Colina CM, Andrew JS. PEGDA hydrogel structure from semi-dilute concentrations: insights from experiments and molecular simulations. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:3565-3574. [PMID: 35466967 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01708j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of hydrogel materials used in biomedical applications is dependent on polymer network topology and the structure of water-laden pore space. Hydrogel microstructure can be tuned by adjusting synthesis parameters such as macromer molar mass and concentration. Moreover, hydrogels beyond dilute conditions are needed to produce mechanically robust and dense networks for tissue engineering and/or drug delivery systems. Thus, this study utilizes a combined experimental and molecular simulation approach to characterize structural features for 4.8 and 10 kDa poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels formed from a range of semi-dilute solution concentrations. The connection between chain-chain interactions in polymer solutions, hydrogel structure, and equilibrium swelling behavior is presented. Bulk rheology analysis revealed an entanglement concentration for PEGDA pre-gel solutions around 28 wt% for both macromers studied. A similar transition in swelling behavior was revealed around the same concentration where hydrogel capacity to retain water was drastically reduced. To understand this transition, the hydrogel structure was characterized using the swollen polymer network hypothesis and compared to pore size distributions from molecular dynamics simulations. We find in both approaches a structural transition concentration at the hydrogel swelling inflection point that is comparable to the entanglement concentration. Calculated mesh sizes from theory are compared with computationally determined average maximum pore diameters; mesh sizes from theory yielded greater feature sizes across all concentrations considered. Molecular simulations are further used to assess pore dynamics, which are shown to vary in distribution shape and number of modes compared to the time-averaged hydrogel pore features. Altogether, this work provides insights into hydrogel network features and their dynamic behavior at physiological conditions (37 °C) as a basis for hydrogel design beyond dilute conditions for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jomary Mercado-Montijo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
| | - Dylan M Anstine
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Shalini J Rukmani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Coray M Colina
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Jennifer S Andrew
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lee H, Chandrasekharan A, Seong K, Jo YJ, Park S, An S, Lee S, Kim H, Ahn H, Seo S, Lee JS, Yang SY. User‐demand fast‐curable ocular glues enforced by multilength tunable networks. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 7:e10323. [PMID: 36176623 PMCID: PMC9472003 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeseon Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program) Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University Miryang Republic of Korea
| | - Ajeesh Chandrasekharan
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program) Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University Miryang Republic of Korea
| | - Keum‐Yong Seong
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program) Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University Miryang Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ji Jo
- Department of Ophthalmology Pusan National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute of Pusan National University Hospital Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Samdae Park
- SNvia Co., Ltd. Hyowon Industry‐Cooperation Building., Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Seonyeong An
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program) Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University Miryang Republic of Korea
| | - Seungsoo Lee
- SNvia Co., Ltd. Hyowon Industry‐Cooperation Building., Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeji Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Industrial Technology Convergence Center Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH Pohang Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Industrial Technology Convergence Center Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH Pohang Republic of Korea
| | - Sungbaek Seo
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program) Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University Miryang Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Soo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology Pusan National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute of Pusan National University Hospital Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yun Yang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program) Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University Miryang Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Quesada-Pérez M, Maroto-Centeno JA, Ramos-Tejada MDM, Martín-Molina A. Coarse-Grained Simulations of Solute Diffusion in Crosslinked Flexible Hydrogels. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Quesada-Pérez
- Departamento de Física, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Linares, Universidad de Jaén, Linares 23700, Jaén, Spain
| | - José-Alberto Maroto-Centeno
- Departamento de Física, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Linares, Universidad de Jaén, Linares 23700, Jaén, Spain
| | - María del Mar Ramos-Tejada
- Departamento de Física, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Linares, Universidad de Jaén, Linares 23700, Jaén, Spain
| | - Alberto Martín-Molina
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, Granada 18071, Spain
- Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, Granada 18071, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Thongrom B, Sharma A, Nie C, Quaas E, Raue M, Bhatia S, Haag R. Scaffold Flexibility Controls Binding of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 with Sulfated Dendritic Polyglycerol Hydrogels Fabricated by Thiol-Maleimide Click Reaction. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100507. [PMID: 35142052 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Herpes Simplex Virus -1 (HSV) with a diameter of 155 - 240 nm uses electrostatic interactions to bind with the heparan sulfate present on the cell surface to initiate infection. In this work, we aim to deter the initial contact using polysulfate-functionalized hydrogels. The hydrogels provide a large contact surface area for viral interaction and sulfated hydrogels are good mimics for the native heparan sulfate. In this work, we have synthesized hydrogels of different flexibilities, determined by rheology. We prepared gels within an elastic modulus range of 10 - 1119 Pa with a mesh size of 80 - 15 nm, respectively. The virus binding studies carried out with the plaque assay show that the most flexible sulfated hydrogel performs the best in binding HSV viruses. These studies prove that polysulfated hydrogels are a viable option as HSV-1 antiviral compounds. Furthermore, such hydrogel networks are also physically similar to naturally occurring mucus gels and therefore may be used as mucus substitutes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boonya Thongrom
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Antara Sharma
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Chuanxiong Nie
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Elisa Quaas
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Marwin Raue
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Sumati Bhatia
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nakagawa S, Yoshie N. Star polymer networks: a toolbox for cross-linked polymers with controlled structure. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01547h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of precisely controlled polymer networks has been a long-cherished dream of polymer scientists. Traditional random cross-linking strategies often lead to uncontrolled networks with various kinds of defects. Recent...
Collapse
|
25
|
Gao G, Wang X, Chen M, Bowman CN, Stansbury JW. Functional Nanogels as a Route to Interpenetrating Polymer Networks with Improved Mechanical Properties. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhe Gao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Xiance Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Mingtao Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Christopher N. Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Jeffrey W. Stansbury
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ishikawa A, Ikeda N, Maeda S, Fujii K. Polymer network formation mechanism of multifunctional poly(ethylene glycol)s in ionic liquid electrolyte with a lithium salt. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:16966-16972. [PMID: 34338253 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02710g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We report a controlled polymer network gel electrolyte based on a multifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) prepolymer (herein, tetrafunctional PEGs (tetra-PEGs) and bisfunctional linear PEGs (linear-PEGs)) and an ionic liquid (IL)-based electrolyte solution containing lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSA) salt. The gel electrolyte was obtained via a gelation reaction, i.e., the Michael addition reaction between maleimide (MA)-terminated tetra-PEGs and thiol (SH)-terminated tetra- or linear-PEGs (termed tetra/tetra-PEG gel or tetra/linear-PEG gel systems), in a LiTFSA/IL solution under noncatalytic conditions at room temperature. For the tetra/linear-PEG system, the gelation reaction depended on the ratio of tetra-PEG-MA and linear-PEG-SH; an optimum terminal MA/SH ratio of 1 : 1 yielded a reaction efficiency (p) of ∼98% (an ideal polymer network structure). The tetra/tetra-PEG system with an MA/SH ratio of 1 : 1 also achieved a reaction efficiency of ∼98%. Time-resolved rheological measurements revealed that the network formation process can be categorized into three steps: (I) oligomer formation at an early stage of the reaction, (II) formation of a roughly linked polymer network with a large mesh size as the reaction proceeded, and (III) full network formation also at the local scale near the gelation completion time. The resulting tetra/linear-PEG ion gel with an optimum MA/SH ratio of 1 : 1 exhibited high stretchability, enduring approximately 10-fold elongation, and superior ion-conducting properties compared with the corresponding IL-based electrolyte solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asumi Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Richbourg NR, Ravikumar A, Peppas NA. Solute Transport Dependence on 3D Geometry of Hydrogel Networks. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021; 222:2100138. [PMID: 34456531 PMCID: PMC8389770 DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are used in drug delivery applications, chromatography, and tissue engineering to control the rate of solute transport based on solute size and hydrogel-solute affinity. Ongoing modeling efforts to quantify the relationship between hydrogel properties, solute properties, and solute transport contribute toward an increasingly efficient hydrogel design process and provide fundamental insight into the mechanisms relating hydrogel structure and function. However, here we clarify previous conclusions regarding the use of mesh size in hydrogel transport models. We use 3D geometry and hydrogel network visualizations to show that mesh size and junction functionality both contribute to the mesh radius, which determines whether a solute can diffuse within a hydrogel. Using mesh radius instead of mesh size to model solute transport in hydrogels will correct junction functionality-dependent modeling errors, improving hydrogel design predictions and clarifying mechanisms of solute transport in hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Richbourg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Akhila Ravikumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Nicholas A. Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
A benchmark for gel structures: bond percolation enables the fabrication of extremely homogeneous gels. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
29
|
Lust ST, Hoogland D, Norman MDA, Kerins C, Omar J, Jowett GM, Yu TTL, Yan Z, Xu JZ, Marciano D, da Silva RMP, Dreiss CA, Lamata P, Shipley RJ, Gentleman E. Selectively Cross-Linked Tetra-PEG Hydrogels Provide Control over Mechanical Strength with Minimal Impact on Diffusivity. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4293-4304. [PMID: 34151570 PMCID: PMC7611660 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Synthetic hydrogels
formed from poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) are
widely used to study how cells interact with their extracellular matrix.
These in vivo-like 3D environments provide a basis
for tissue engineering and cell therapies but also for research into
fundamental biological questions and disease modeling. The physical
properties of PEG hydrogels can be modulated to provide mechanical
cues to encapsulated cells; however, the impact of changing hydrogel
stiffness on the diffusivity of solutes to and from encapsulated cells
has received only limited attention. This is particularly true in
selectively cross-linked “tetra-PEG” hydrogels, whose
design limits network inhomogeneities. Here, we used a combination
of theoretical calculations, predictive modeling, and experimental
measurements of hydrogel swelling, rheological behavior, and diffusion
kinetics to characterize tetra-PEG hydrogels’ permissiveness
to the diffusion of molecules of biologically relevant size as we
changed polymer concentration, and thus hydrogel mechanical strength.
Our models predict that hydrogel mesh size has little effect on the
diffusivity of model molecules and instead predicts that diffusion
rates are more highly dependent on solute size. Indeed, our model
predicts that changes in hydrogel mesh size only begin to have a non-negligible
impact on the concentration of a solute that diffuses out of hydrogels
for the smallest mesh sizes and largest diffusing solutes. Experimental
measurements characterizing the diffusion of fluorescein isothiocyanate
(FITC)-labeled dextran molecules of known size aligned well with modeling
predictions and suggest that doubling the polymer concentration from
2.5% (w/v) to 5% produces stiffer gels with faster gelling kinetics
without affecting the diffusivity of solutes of biologically relevant
size but that 10% hydrogels can slow their diffusion. Our findings
provide confidence that the stiffness of tetra-PEG hydrogels can be
modulated over a physiological range without significantly impacting
the transport rates of solutes to and from encapsulated cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzette T Lust
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Hoogland
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Michael D A Norman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Caoimhe Kerins
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Jasmin Omar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Geraldine M Jowett
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Tracy T L Yu
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Ziqian Yan
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Jessie Z Xu
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Marciano
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo M P da Silva
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Cécile A Dreiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Lamata
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca J Shipley
- Institute of Healthcare Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Eileen Gentleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Koziol MF, Fischer K, Seiffert S. Structural and Gelation Characteristics of Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer Model-Network Hydrogels Probed by Static and Dynamic Light Scattering. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Franziska Koziol
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Danielsen SPO, Beech HK, Wang S, El-Zaatari BM, Wang X, Sapir L, Ouchi T, Wang Z, Johnson PN, Hu Y, Lundberg DJ, Stoychev G, Craig SL, Johnson JA, Kalow JA, Olsen BD, Rubinstein M. Molecular Characterization of Polymer Networks. Chem Rev 2021; 121:5042-5092. [PMID: 33792299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Polymer networks are complex systems consisting of molecular components. Whereas the properties of the individual components are typically well understood by most chemists, translating that chemical insight into polymer networks themselves is limited by the statistical and poorly defined nature of network structures. As a result, it is challenging, if not currently impossible, to extrapolate from the molecular behavior of components to the full range of performance and properties of the entire polymer network. Polymer networks therefore present an unrealized, important, and interdisciplinary opportunity to exert molecular-level, chemical control on material macroscopic properties. A barrier to sophisticated molecular approaches to polymer networks is that the techniques for characterizing the molecular structure of networks are often unfamiliar to many scientists. Here, we present a critical overview of the current characterization techniques available to understand the relation between the molecular properties and the resulting performance and behavior of polymer networks, in the absence of added fillers. We highlight the methods available to characterize the chemistry and molecular-level properties of individual polymer strands and junctions, the gelation process by which strands form networks, the structure of the resulting network, and the dynamics and mechanics of the final material. The purpose is not to serve as a detailed manual for conducting these measurements but rather to unify the underlying principles, point out remaining challenges, and provide a concise overview by which chemists can plan characterization strategies that suit their research objectives. Because polymer networks cannot often be sufficiently characterized with a single method, strategic combinations of multiple techniques are typically required for their molecular characterization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott P O Danielsen
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Haley K Beech
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Bassil M El-Zaatari
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaodi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | | | | | - Zi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Patricia N Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Yixin Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - David J Lundberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Georgi Stoychev
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Stephen L Craig
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Julia A Kalow
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Bradley D Olsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael Rubinstein
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,World Primer Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Hydrogels are polymeric networks highly swollen with water. Because of their versatility and properties mimicking biological tissues, they are very interesting for biomedical applications. In this aim, the control of porosity is of crucial importance since it governs the transport properties and influences the fate of cells cultured onto or into the hydrogels. Among the techniques allowing for the elaboration of hydrogels, photopolymerization or photo-cross-linking are probably the most powerful and versatile synthetic routes. This Review aims at giving an overview of the literature dealing with photopolymerized hydrogels for which the generation or characterization of porosity is studied. First, the materials (polymers and photoinitiating systems) used for synthesizing hydrogels are presented. The different ways for generating porosity in the photopolymerized hydrogels are explained, and the characterization techniques allowing adequate study of the porosity are presented. Finally, some applications in the field of controlled release and tissue engineering are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Nicol
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Cedex 9 Le Mans, France
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kopač T, Krajnc M, Ručigaj A. A mathematical model for pH-responsive ionically crosslinked TEMPO nanocellulose hydrogel design in drug delivery systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 168:695-707. [PMID: 33246006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ionically crosslinked hydrogels based on TEMPO nanocelullose and alginate were prepared to develop a generalized pH value, temperature and biopolymer concentration dependent mathematical model. The distinctive attention was in the demonstration of hydrogen bonds effects in the mathematical model, prevailing especially in the field of low crosslink densities of TEMPO nanocellulose hydrogel in acid medium. Accordingly, alginate hydrogels were subjected to the research as comparable samples with less significant hydrogel bonds effect. The equation was built upon the determination of the average mesh size in a TEMPO nanocellulose and alginate hydrogel network and studying its changes in different pH release environments. Based on rheological measurements of TEMPO nanocellulose and alginate from the basic and acidic release environment, the mechanism of swelling and shrinkage was thoroughly discussed as well as the influence of substituent groups, ionic interactions and hydrogen bonds in different pH medium were evaluated. Due to the protonation of carboxylic groups, TEMPO nanocellulose and alginate hydrogels shrink in an acid environment. The presented approach will accelerate, improve and reduce the cost of research in the field of controlled release technology with target drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tilen Kopač
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Krajnc
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Ručigaj
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cho HW, Kim H, Sung BJ, Kim JS. Tracer Diffusion in Tightly-Meshed Homogeneous Polymer Networks: A Brownian Dynamics Simulation Study. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2067. [PMID: 32932910 PMCID: PMC7569880 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We report Brownian dynamics simulations of tracer diffusion in regularly crosslinked polymer networks in order to elucidate the transport of a tracer particle in polymer networks. The average mesh size of homogeneous polymer networks is varied by assuming different degrees of crosslinking or swelling, and the size of a tracer particle is comparable to the average mesh size. Simulation results show subdiffusion of a tracer particle at intermediate time scales and normal diffusion at long times. In particular, the duration of subdiffusion is significantly prolonged as the average mesh size decreases with increasing degree of crosslinking, for which long-time diffusion occurs via the hopping processes of a tracer particle after undergoing rattling motions within a cage of the network mesh for an extended period of time. On the other hand, the cage dynamics and hopping process are less pronounced as the mesh size decreases with increasing polymer volume fractions. The interpretation is provided in terms of fluctuations in network mesh size: at higher polymer volume fractions, the network fluctuations are large enough to allow for collective, structural changes of network meshes, so that a tracer particle can escape from the cage, whereas, at lower volume fractions, the fluctuations are so small that a tracer particle remains trapped within the cage for a significant period of time before making infrequent jumps out of the cage. This work suggests that fluctuation in mesh size, as well as average mesh size itself, plays an important role in determining the dynamics of molecules and nanoparticles that are embedded in tightly meshed polymer networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea;
| | - Haein Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea;
| | - Bong June Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea;
| | - Jun Soo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kopač T, Ručigaj A, Krajnc M. The mutual effect of the crosslinker and biopolymer concentration on the desired hydrogel properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:557-569. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
36
|
Lopez CG, Horkay F, Mussel M, Jones RL, Richtering W. Screening lengths and osmotic compressibility of flexible polyelectrolytes in excess salt solutions. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:7289-7298. [PMID: 32667374 PMCID: PMC8281568 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00464b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We report results of small angle neutron scattering measurements made on sodium polystyrene sulfonate in aqueous salt solutions. The correlation length (ξ) and osmotic compressibility are measured as a function of polymer (c) and added salt (cS) concentrations, and the results are compared with scaling predictions and the random-phase approximation (RPA). In Dobrynin et al.'s scaling model the osmotic pressure consists of a counter-ion contribution and a polymer contribution. The polymer contribution is found to be two orders of magnitude smaller than expected from the scaling model, in agreement with earlier observations made on neutral polymers in good solvent condition. RPA allows the determination of single-chain dimensions in semidilute solutions at high polymer and added salt concentrations, but fails for cS≤ 2 M. The χ parameter can be modelled as the sum of an intrinsic contribution (χ0) and an electrostatic term: χ∼χ0 + K'/√cS, where χ0 > 0.5 is consistent with the hydrophobic nature of the backbone of NaPSS. The dependence of χelec∼ 1/√cS disagrees with the random-phase approximation (χelec∼ 1/cs), but agrees with the light scattering results in dilute solution and Dobrynin et al.'s scaling treatment of electrostatic excluded volume.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Lopez
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Richbourg NR, Peppas NA. The swollen polymer network hypothesis: Quantitative models of hydrogel swelling, stiffness, and solute transport. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
38
|
Ikeda T. Preparation of (2 × 4)-type tetra-PEG ion gels through Cu-free azide–alkyne cycloaddition. Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-020-0363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
39
|
Cuccia NL, Pothineni S, Wu B, Méndez Harper J, Burton JC. Pore-size dependence and slow relaxation of hydrogel friction on smooth surfaces. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:11247-11256. [PMID: 32398363 PMCID: PMC7260953 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1922364117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels consist of a cross-linked polymer matrix imbibed with a solvent such as water at volume fractions that can exceed 90%. They are important in many scientific and engineering applications due to their tunable physiochemical properties, biocompatibility, and ultralow friction. Their multiphase structure leads to a complex interfacial rheology, yet a detailed, microscopic understanding of hydrogel friction is still emerging. Using a custom-built tribometer, here we identify three distinct regimes of frictional behavior for polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyacrylamide (PAAm), and agarose hydrogel spheres on smooth surfaces. We find that at low velocities, friction is controlled by hydrodynamic flow through the porous hydrogel network and is inversely proportional to the characteristic pore size. At high velocities, a mesoscopic, lubricating liquid film forms between the gel and surface that obeys elastohydrodynamic theory. Between these regimes, the frictional force decreases by an order of magnitude and displays slow relaxation over several minutes. Our results can be interpreted as an interfacial shear thinning of the polymers with an increasing relaxation time due to the confinement of entanglements. This transition can be tuned by varying the solvent salt concentration, solvent viscosity, and sliding geometry at the interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brady Wu
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ohira M, Tsuji Y, Watanabe N, Morishima K, Gilbert EP, Li X, Shibayama M. Quantitative Structure Analysis of a Near-Ideal Polymer Network with Deuterium Label by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Ohira
- Neutron Science Laboratory, Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Yui Tsuji
- Neutron Science Laboratory, Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Watanabe
- Neutron Science Laboratory, Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Ken Morishima
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2, Asashiro-Nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Elliot P. Gilbert
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
| | - Xiang Li
- Neutron Science Laboratory, Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Shibayama
- Neutron Science Laboratory, Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sorichetti V, Hugouvieux V, Kob W. Determining the Mesh Size of Polymer Solutions via the Pore Size Distribution. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Sorichetti
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095, Montpellier, France
- IATE, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | - Virginie Hugouvieux
- IATE, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université Montpellier, F-34060, Montpellier, France
| | - Walter Kob
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095, Montpellier, France
- Institut Universitaire de France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Parrish E, Rose KA, Cargnello M, Murray CB, Lee D, Composto RJ. Nanoparticle diffusion during gelation of tetra poly(ethylene glycol) provides insight into nanoscale structural evolution. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:2256-2265. [PMID: 32031561 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02192b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Single particle tracking (SPT) of PEG grafted nanoparticles (NPs) was used to examine the gelation of tetra poly(ethylene glycol) (TPEG) succinimidyl glutarate (TPEG-SG) and amine (TPEG-A) terminated 4-armed stars. As concentration was decreased from 40 to 20 mg mL-1, the onset of network formation, tgel, determined from rheometry increased from less than 2 to 44 minutes. NP mobility increased as polymer concentration decreased in the sol state, but remained diffusive at times past the tgel determined from rheometry. Once in the gel state, NP mobility decreased, became sub-diffusive, and eventually localized in all concentrations. The NP displacement distributions were investigated to gain insight into the nanoscale environment. In these relatively homogeneous gels, the onset of sub-diffusivity was marked by a rapid increase in dynamic heterogeneity followed by a decrease consistent with a homogeneous network. We propose a gelation mechanism in which clusters initially form a heterogeneous structure which fills in to form a fully gelled relatively homogenous network. This work aims to examine the kinetics of TPEG gelation and the homogeneity of these novel gels on the nanometer scale, which will aid in the implementation of these gels in biomedical or filtration applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmabeth Parrish
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Katie A Rose
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matteo Cargnello
- Department of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christopher B Murray
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Russell J Composto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA and Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Parrish E, Caporizzo MA, Rose KA, Composto RJ. Erratum: “Network confinement and heterogeneity slows nanoparticle diffusion in polymer gels” [J. Chem. Phys. 146, 203318 (2017)]. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:049901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5142296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emmabeth Parrish
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6272, USA
| | - Matthew A. Caporizzo
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6085, USA
| | - Katie A. Rose
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6315, USA
| | - Russell J. Composto
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6315, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hoshi S, Okamoto F, Murakami T, Sakai T, Shinohara Y, Fujii T, Nakatani M, Oshika T. Ability of Nonswelling Polyethylene Glycol-Based Vitreous Hydrogel to Maintain Transparency in the Presence of Vitreous Hemorrhage. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2019; 8:33. [PMID: 31857916 PMCID: PMC6910611 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.8.6.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Postoperative vitreous hemorrhage is a vision-impacting complication of vitrectomy. This preclinical in vitro study assessed the potential ability of a nonswelling polyethylene glycol-based artificial vitreous hydrogel to maintain transparency in the vitreous cavity in the presence of vitreous hemorrhage. Methods Samples (1 mL) of diluted blood at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1.25% were added to 1 mL samples of polymerized hydrogel in cuvettes (gel + blood group); 2 mL samples of diluted blood at the same concentrations were prepared as controls (blood only group). Spectral transmission curves for the hydrogel (gel + blood group) and diluted blood (blood only group) were obtained before and on days 1, 2, 5, 7, 14, and 28 of the experiment. Between-group comparisons were made using the Student's t-test. The percentage of transmittance in the visible light spectrum (400–700 nm) was measured at each time point. Results Mean light transmittance was maintained at >90% until day 7 in the gel + blood group and was significantly greater in the gel + blood than in the blood only groups in samples containing blood diluted to 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1.25% during the 28-day study period (P < 0.05). Conclusions A nonswelling polyethylene glycol-based artificial vitreous hydrogel maintained high optical transparency in the presence of blood through the study period. Injection of this hydrogel into the vitreous cavity at the end of surgery might help to prevent or mitigate vitreous hemorrhage-associated postoperative visual loss. Translational Relevance The hydrogel may prevent visual loss due to postoperative vitreous hemorrhage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Hoshi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Fumiki Okamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomoya Murakami
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takamasa Sakai
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Tetsuro Oshika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kim S, Kang TH, Yi GR. The effect of blob size in polymer networks on nanoparticle-mediated adhesion of hydrogels. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:9942-9948. [PMID: 31750506 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01805k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles can be used as an adhesive for hydrogels or biological tissues due to their physical adsorption to polymer chains. Recently, we found that mesoporous nanoparticles were able to enhance the adhesion energy between hydrogels compared with non-porous nanoparticles because of the higher outer surface area of mesoporous silica nanoparticles. However, even in the case that the outer surface areas of mesoporous silica nanoparticles are similar, mesoporous nanoparticles with larger pore diameters showed significantly higher nanoparticle-mediated adhesion energy between hydrogels with a swelling ratio of 400%. Here, we have changed the swelling ratio of hydrogels in the preparation step so that the blob size in the polymer network changed accordingly. In experimental data, we found that the optimum pore size of mesoporous nanoparticles increased as the blob size increased for higher swelling ratio, which is ascribed to the larger blob size of polymer networks in hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li X, Nakagawa S, Tsuji Y, Watanabe N, Shibayama M. Polymer gel with a flexible and highly ordered three-dimensional network synthesized via bond percolation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax8647. [PMID: 31840069 PMCID: PMC6897544 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax8647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Gels are a soft elastic material consisting of a three-dimensional polymer network with nanometer-sized pores and are used in a variety of applications. However, gel networks typically have a substantial level of defects because the network formation reaction proceeds stochastically. In this study, we present a general scheme to fabricate gels with extremely low levels of defects by applying geometric constraints into pregel solution based on the "bond percolation" concept. In the formed gel, stationary laser speckles, which are an indicator of spatial defects, were not observed at all. In addition, we found that the concentration fluctuations of the polymer chains were ergodic across the whole gel network. In such a homogeneous gel, both the spatial and temporal correlations of polymer chains are the same before and after gelation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X. Li
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - S. Nakagawa
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Y. Tsuji
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - N. Watanabe
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - M. Shibayama
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Liu W, Gong X, Zhu Y, Wang J, Ngai T, Wu C. Probing Sol–Gel Matrices and Dynamics of Star PEG Hydrogels Near Overlap Concentration. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiangjun Gong
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ryu J, Kim S, Oh I, Kato S, Kosuge T, Sokolova AV, Lee J, Otsuka H, Sohn D. Internal Structure of Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels Controlled by Iron(III) Ion–Catechol Complexation. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jungju Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Neutron Science Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 34057, Korea
| | - Sunhye Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Inwook Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Sota Kato
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1
Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kosuge
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1
Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Anna V. Sokolova
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, ANSTO, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Jeongwook Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Hideyuki Otsuka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1
Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Daewon Sohn
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Li X, Noritomi T, Sakai T, Gilbert EP, Shibayama M. Dynamics of Critical Clusters Synthesized by End-Coupling of Four-Armed Poly(ethylene glycol)s. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Takako Noritomi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Takamasa Sakai
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Elliot P. Gilbert
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, ANSTO, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
| | - Mitsuhiro Shibayama
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Rattan S, Crosby AJ. Effect of Polymer Volume Fraction on Fracture Initiation in Soft Gels at Small Length Scales. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:492-498. [PMID: 35619377 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The influence of polymer volume fraction, ϕv on fracture initiation via puncture is studied in self-assembled triblock copolymer gels. Spherically tipped indenters of radii varying over a wide range were used to characterize puncture at length scales on the same order of magnitude as the elasto-capillary length (∼μm) and significantly below the elasto-fracture length (∼mm) for ϕv = 0.12-0.53. Critical energy release rate, Gc for ϕv = 0.12-0.30 was found to be in agreement with the predicted scaling from the classical Lake-Thomas model modified for gel fracture via the failure mechanism of chain pull-out and plastic yielding of micelles (Gc ∼ ϕv2.2). Interestingly, we demonstrate that fracture initiation energy, Γo, from puncture scales as Γo ∼ ϕv, thus, indicating the role played by different fundamental mechanisms governing fracture initiation in soft gels. Additionally, gels with ϕv = 0.53 show deviation from experimental scalings for Gc and Γo, likely due to a change in micellar morphology leading to anomalous fracture behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Rattan
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts−Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Alfred J. Crosby
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts−Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| |
Collapse
|