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Patel JR, Joel MZ, Lee KK, Kambala A, Cornman H, Oladipo O, Taylor M, Imo BU, Ma EZ, Manjunath J, Kollhoff AL, Deng J, Parthasarathy V, Cravero K, Marani M, Szeto M, Zhao R, Sankararaman S, Li R, Henry S, Pritchard T, Rebecca V, Kwatra MM, Ho WJ, Dong X, Kang S, Kwatra SG. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Dysregulated POSTN+WNT5A+ Fibroblast Subclusters in Prurigo Nodularis. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1568-1578.e5. [PMID: 38246584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Prurigo nodularis (PN) is an intensely pruritic, inflammatory skin disease with a poorly understood pathogenesis. We performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling of 28,695 lesional and nonlesional PN cells. Lesional PN has increased dysregulated fibroblasts (FBs) and myofibroblasts. FBs in lesional PN were shifted toward a cancer-associated FB-like phenotype, with POSTN+WNT5A+ cancer-associated FBs increased in PN and similarly so in squamous cell carcinoma. A multicenter cohort study revealed an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma and cancer-associated FB-associated malignancies (breast and colorectal) in patients with PN. Systemic fibroproliferative diseases (renal sclerosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) were upregulated in patients with PN. Ligand-receptor analyses demonstrated an FB neuronal axis with FB-derived WNT5A and periostin interactions with neuronal receptors melanoma cell adhesion molecule and ITGAV. These findings identify a pathogenic and targetable POSTN+WNT5A+ FB subpopulation that may predispose cancer-associated FB-associated malignancies in patients with PN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay R Patel
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marina Z Joel
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kevin K Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anusha Kambala
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hannah Cornman
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Olusola Oladipo
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brenda Umenita Imo
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily Z Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jaya Manjunath
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexander L Kollhoff
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - June Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Varsha Parthasarathy
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen Cravero
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Melika Marani
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mindy Szeto
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ryan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sreenidhi Sankararaman
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ruixiang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shanae Henry
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas Pritchard
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vito Rebecca
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Madan M Kwatra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Won Jin Ho
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sewon Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shawn G Kwatra
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Farshadyeganeh P, Yamada T, Ohashi H, Nishimura G, Fujita H, Oishi Y, Nunode M, Ishikawa S, Murotsuki J, Yamashita Y, Ikegawa S, Ogi T, Arikawa-Hirasawa E, Ohno K. Dyssegmental dysplasia Rolland-Desbuquois type is caused by pathogenic variants in HSPG2 - a founder haplotype shared in five patients. J Hum Genet 2024; 69:235-244. [PMID: 38424183 PMCID: PMC11126378 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-024-01229-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Dyssegmental dysplasia (DD) is a severe skeletal dysplasia comprised of two subtypes: lethal Silverman-Handmaker type (DDSH) and nonlethal Rolland-Desbuquois type (DDRD). DDSH is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in HSPG2 encoding perlecan, whereas the genetic cause of DDRD remains undetermined. Schwartz-Jampel syndrome (SJS) is also caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in HSPG2 and is an allelic disorder of DDSH. In SJS and DDSH, 44 and 8 pathogenic variants have been reported in HSPG2, respectively. Here, we report that five patients with DDRD carried four pathogenic variants in HSPG2: c.9970 G > A (p.G3324R), c.559 C > T (p.R187X), c7006 + 1 G > A, and c.11562 + 2 T > G. Two patients were homozygous for p.G3324R, and three patients were heterozygous for p.G3324R. Haplotype analysis revealed a founder haplotype spanning 85,973 bp shared in the five patients. SJS, DDRD, and DDSH are allelic disorders with pathogenic variants in HSPG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Farshadyeganeh
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamada
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ohashi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Department of Radiology, Musashino Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Fujita
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hokkaido Medical Center for Child Health and Rehabilitation, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuriko Oishi
- Department of Obstetrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Misa Nunode
- Department of Obstetrics, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Shuku Ishikawa
- Department of Neonatal Internal Medicine, Hokkaido Medical Center for Child Health and Rehabilitation, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jun Murotsuki
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuri Yamashita
- Aging Biology in Health and Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoo Ogi
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eri Arikawa-Hirasawa
- Aging Biology in Health and Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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3
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Melrose J. Hippo cell signaling and HS-proteoglycans regulate tissue form and function, age-dependent maturation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and repair. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C810-C828. [PMID: 38223931 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00683.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This review examined how Hippo cell signaling and heparan sulfate (HS)-proteoglycans (HSPGs) regulate tissue form and function. Despite being a nonweight-bearing tissue, the brain is regulated by Hippo mechanoresponsive cell signaling pathways during embryonic development. HS-proteoglycans interact with growth factors, morphogens, and extracellular matrix components to regulate development and pathology. Pikachurin and Eyes shut (Eys) interact with dystroglycan to stabilize the photoreceptor axoneme primary cilium and ribbon synapse facilitating phototransduction and neurotransduction with bipolar retinal neuronal networks in ocular vision, the primary human sense. Another HSPG, Neurexin interacts with structural and adaptor proteins to stabilize synapses and ensure specificity of neural interactions, and aids in synaptic potentiation and plasticity in neurotransduction. HSPGs also stabilize the blood-brain barrier and motor neuron basal structures in the neuromuscular junction. Agrin and perlecan localize acetylcholinesterase and its receptors in the neuromuscular junction essential for neuromuscular control. The primary cilium is a mechanosensory hub on neurons, utilized by YES associated protein (YAP)-transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) Hippo, Hh, Wnt, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/bone matrix protein (BMP) receptor tyrosine kinase cell signaling. Members of the glypican HSPG proteoglycan family interact with Smoothened and Patched G-protein coupled receptors on the cilium to regulate Hh and Wnt signaling during neuronal development. Control of glycosyl sulfotransferases and endogenous protease expression by Hippo TAZ YAP represents a mechanism whereby the fine structure of HS-proteoglycans can be potentially modulated spatiotemporally to regulate tissue morphogenesis in a similar manner to how Hippo signaling controls sialyltransferase expression and mediation of cell-cell recognition, dysfunctional sialic acid expression is a feature of many tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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4
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Gressett TE, Hossen ML, Talkington G, Volic M, Perez H, Tiwari PB, Chapagain P, Bix G. Molecular interactions between perlecan LG3 and the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4843. [PMID: 37996967 PMCID: PMC10731540 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global health crisis with significant clinical morbidity and mortality. While angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the primary receptor for viral entry, other cell surface and extracellular matrix proteins may also bind to the viral receptor binding domain (RBD) within the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Recent studies have implicated heparan sulfate proteoglycans, specifically perlecan LG3, in facilitating SARS-CoV-2 binding to ACE2. However, the role of perlecan LG3 in SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the binding interactions between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein RBD and perlecan LG3 through molecular modeling simulations and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments. Our results indicate stable binding between LG3 and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein RBD, which may potentially enhance RBD-ACE2 interactions. These findings shed light on the role of perlecan LG3 in SARS-CoV-2 infection and provide insight into SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology and potential therapeutic strategy for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E. Gressett
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research CenterTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Tulane Brain InstituteTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Md Lokman Hossen
- Department of PhysicsFlorida International UniversityMiamiFloridaUSA
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of BarishalKornokathiBangladesh
| | - Grant Talkington
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research CenterTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Tulane Brain InstituteTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Milla Volic
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research CenterTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Hugo Perez
- Department of PhysicsFlorida International UniversityMiamiFloridaUSA
| | | | - Prem Chapagain
- Department of PhysicsFlorida International UniversityMiamiFloridaUSA
- Biomolecular Sciences InstituteFlorida International UniversityMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Gregory Bix
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research CenterTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Tulane Brain InstituteTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Department of NeurologyTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
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5
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Urtizberea JA, Severa G, Ropars J, Malfatti E. [The Schwartz-Jampel syndrome]. Med Sci (Paris) 2023; 39 Hors série n° 1:37-46. [PMID: 37975769 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2023133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The Schwartz-Jampel syndrome (SJS, OMIM #255800) is an ultra-rare genetic disease characterized by myotonic manifestations combined with bone and cartilage abnormalities. Following an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, its prevalence is more significant in highly-inbred areas. The unraveling of the HSPG2 gene encoding a protein of the basal lamina enabled a better nosological delineation of the syndrome. The diagnosis is usually strongly suspected at the clinical level and then confirmed by molecular biology. To date, the treatment remains essentially symptomatic.
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6
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Gaudio A, Gotta F, Ponti C, Sanguineri F, Trevisan L, Geroldi A, Patrone S, Gemelli C, Cabona C, Astrea G, Fiorillo C, Gustincich S, Grandis M, Mandich P. Case report: Episodic ataxia without ataxia? Front Neurol 2023; 14:1224241. [PMID: 37965175 PMCID: PMC10640972 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1224241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary myopathies represent a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders, characterized by highly variable clinical presentations and frequently overlapping phenotypes with other neuromuscular disorders, likely influenced by genetic and environmental modifiers. Genetic testing is often challenging due to ambiguous clinical diagnosis. Here, we present the case of a family with clinical and Electromyography (EMG) features resembling a myotonia-like disorder in which Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) analysis revealed the co-segregation of two rare missense variants in UBR4 and HSPG2, genes previously associated with episodic ataxia 8 (EA8). A review of the literature highlighted a striking overlap between the clinical and the molecular features of our family and the previously described episodic ataxias (EAs), which raises concerns about the genotype-phenotype correlation, clinical variability, and the confounding overlap in these groups of disorders. This emphasizes the importance of thoroughly framing the patient's phenotype. The more clear-cut the diagnosis, the easier the identification of a genetic determinant, and the better the prognosis and the treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gaudio
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—UOC Genetica Medica, Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Gotta
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—UOC Genetica Medica, Genova, Italy
| | - Clarissa Ponti
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—UOC Genetica Medica, Genova, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Sanguineri
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—UOC Genetica Medica, Genova, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Lucia Trevisan
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—SS Centro Tumori Ereditari, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Geroldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Serena Patrone
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Gemelli
- IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—UOC Clinica Neurologica, Genova, Italy
| | - Corrado Cabona
- IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—UOC Neurofisiopatologia, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Fiorillo
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini—UOC Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Gustincich
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Marina Grandis
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—UOC Clinica Neurologica, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Mandich
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—UOC Genetica Medica, Genova, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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7
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Ricciardelli AR, Robledo A, Fish JE, Kan PT, Harris TH, Wythe JD. The Role and Therapeutic Implications of Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2876. [PMID: 38001877 PMCID: PMC10669898 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are focal vascular lesions composed of abnormal vascular channels without an intervening capillary network. As a result, high-pressure arterial blood shunts directly into the venous outflow system. These high-flow, low-resistance shunts are composed of dilated, tortuous, and fragile vessels, which are prone to rupture. BAVMs are a leading cause of hemorrhagic stroke in children and young adults. Current treatments for bAVMs are limited to surgery, embolization, and radiosurgery, although even these options are not viable for ~20% of AVM patients due to excessive risk. Critically, inflammation has been suggested to contribute to lesion progression. Here we summarize the current literature discussing the role of the immune system in bAVM pathogenesis and lesion progression, as well as the potential for targeting inflammation to prevent bAVM rupture and intracranial hemorrhage. We conclude by proposing that a dysfunctional endothelium, which harbors the somatic mutations that have been shown to give rise to sporadic bAVMs, may drive disease development and progression by altering the immune status of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R. Ricciardelli
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ariadna Robledo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (A.R.)
| | - Jason E. Fish
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada;
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Peter T. Kan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (A.R.)
| | - Tajie H. Harris
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA;
- Brain, Immunology, and Glia (BIG) Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Joshua D. Wythe
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA;
- Brain, Immunology, and Glia (BIG) Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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8
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Brugnoni R, Marelli D, Iacomino N, Canioni E, Cappelletti C, Maggi L, Ardissone A. Novel HSPG2 Gene Mutation Causing Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome in a Moroccan Family: A Literature Review. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1753. [PMID: 37761893 PMCID: PMC10531088 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwartz-Jampel syndrome type 1 (SJS1) is a rare autosomal recessive musculoskeletal disorder caused by various mutations in the HSPG2 gene encoding the protein perlecan, a major component of basement membranes. We report a novel splice mutation HSPG2(NM_005529.7):c.3888 + 1G > A and a known point mutation HSPG2(NM_005529.7):c.8464G > A, leading to the skipping of exon 31 and 64 in mRNA, respectively, in a Moroccan child with clinical features suggestive of SJS1 and carrying two compound heterozygous mutations in the HSPG2 gene detected by next-generation sequencing. Both parents harboured one mutation. Real-time and immunostaining analysis revealed down-regulation of the HSPG2 gene and a mild reduction in the protein in the muscle, respectively. We reviewed all genetically characterized SJS1 cases reported in literature, confirming the clinical hallmarks and unspecific instrumental data in our case. The genotype-phenotype correlation is very challenging in SJS1. Therapy is mainly focused on symptom management and several drugs have been administered with different efficacy.Here, we report the second case with spontaneous improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Brugnoni
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical Research and Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.B.); (N.I.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Daria Marelli
- Child Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (A.A.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Postgraduate School of Child Neuropsychiatry, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Iacomino
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical Research and Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.B.); (N.I.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Eleonora Canioni
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical Research and Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.B.); (N.I.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Cristina Cappelletti
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical Research and Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.B.); (N.I.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical Research and Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.B.); (N.I.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Anna Ardissone
- Child Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (A.A.)
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9
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Smith DW, Azadi A, Lee CJ, Gardiner BS. Spatial composition and turnover of the main molecules in the adult glomerular basement membrane. Tissue Barriers 2023; 11:2110798. [PMID: 35959954 PMCID: PMC10364650 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2110798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The glomerular basement membrane (GBM) is an important tissue structure in kidney function. It is the membrane through which filtrate and solutes must pass to reach the nephron tubules. This review focuses on the spatial location of the main extracellular matrix components of the GBM. It also attempts to explain this organization in terms of their synthesis, transport, and loss. The picture that emerges is that the collagen IV and laminin content of GBM are in a very slow dynamic disequilibrium, leading to GBM thickening with age, and in contrast, some heparan sulfate proteoglycans are in a dynamic equilibrium with a very rapid turnover (i.e. half-life measured in ~hours) and flow direction against the flow of filtrate. The highly rapid heparan sulfate turnover may serve several roles, including an unclogging mechanism for the GBM, compressive stiffness of the GBM fiber network, and/or enabling podocycte-endothelial crosstalk against the flow of filtrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. Smith
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Azin Azadi
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chang-Joon Lee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bruce S. Gardiner
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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10
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Lavorgna TR, Gressett TE, Chastain WH, Bix GJ. Perlecan: a review of its role in neurologic and musculoskeletal disease. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1189731. [PMID: 37324385 PMCID: PMC10267744 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1189731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Perlecan is a 500 kDa proteoglycan residing in the extracellular matrix of endothelial basement membranes with five distinct protein domains and three heparan sulfate chains. The complex structure of perlecan and the interaction it has with its local environment accounts for its various cellular and tissue-related effects, to include cartilage, bone, neural and cardiac development, angiogenesis, and blood brain barrier stability. As perlecan is a key contributor to extracellular matrix health involved in many tissues and processes throughout the body, dysregulation of perlecan has the potential to contribute to various neurological and musculoskeletal diseases. Here we review key findings associated with perlecan dysregulation in the context of disease. This is a narrative review article examining perlecan’s role in diseases of neural and musucloskeletal pathology and its potential as a therapeutic index. Literature searches were conducted on the PubMed database, and were focused on perlecan's impact in neurological disease, to include ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM), as well as musculoskeletal pathology, including Dyssegmental Dysplasia Silverman-Handmaker type (DDSH), Schwartz-Jampel syndrome (SJS), sarcopenia, and osteoarthritis (OA). PRISMA guidelines were utilized in the search and final selection of articles.Increased perlecan levels were associated with sarcopenia, OA, and BAVM, while decreased perlecan was associated with DDSH, and SJS. We also examined the therapeutic potential of perlecan signaling in ischemic stroke, AD, and osteoarthritic animal models. Perlecan experimentally improved outcomes in such models of ischemic stroke and AD, and we found that it may be a promising component of future therapeutics for such pathology. In treating the pathophysiology of sarcopenia, OA, and BAVM, inhibiting the effect of perlecan may be beneficial. As perlecan binds to both α-5 integrin and VEGFR2 receptors, tissue specific inhibitors of these proteins warrant further study. In addition, analysis of experimental data revealed promising insight into the potential uses of perlecan domain V as a broad treatment for ischemic stroke and AD. As these diseases have limited therapeutic options, further study into perlecan or its derivatives and its potential to be used as novel therapeutic for these and other diseases should be seriously considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa R. Lavorgna
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Timothy E. Gressett
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Wesley H. Chastain
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Gregory J. Bix
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Tulane School of Medicine, Tulane Brain Institute, New Orleans, LA, United States
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11
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Barruet E, Striedinger K, Marangoni P, Pomerantz JH. Loss of transcriptional heterogeneity in aged human muscle stem cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285018. [PMID: 37192223 PMCID: PMC10187936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related loss of muscle mass and function negatively impacts healthspan and lifespan. Satellite cells function as muscle stem cells in muscle maintenance and regeneration by self-renewal, activation, proliferation and differentiation. These processes are perturbed in aging at the stem cell population level, contributing to muscle loss. However, how representation of subpopulations within the human satellite cell pool change during aging remains poorly understood. We previously reported a comprehensive baseline of human satellite cell (Hu-MuSCs) transcriptional activity in muscle homeostasis describing functional heterogenous human satellite cell subpopulations such as CAV1+ Hu-MUSCs. Here, we sequenced additional satellite cells from new healthy donors and performed extended transcriptomic analyses with regard to aging. We found an age-related loss of global transcriptomic heterogeneity and identified new markers (CAV1, CXCL14, GPX3) along with previously described ones (FN1, ITGB1, SPRY1) that are altered during aging in human satellite cells. These findings describe new transcriptomic changes that occur during aging in human satellite cells and provide a foundation for understanding functional impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Katharine Striedinger
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Pauline Marangoni
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jason H. Pomerantz
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
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12
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Zanotti F, Zanolla I, Trentini M, Tiengo E, Pusceddu T, Licastro D, Degasperi M, Leo S, Tremoli E, Ferroni L, Zavan B. Mitochondrial Metabolism and EV Cargo of Endothelial Cells Is Affected in Presence of EVs Derived from MSCs on Which HIF Is Activated. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24066002. [PMID: 36983075 PMCID: PMC10055915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24066002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted growing interest as a possible novel therapeutic agent for the management of different cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Hypoxia significantly enhances the secretion of angiogenic mediators from MSCs as well as sEVs. The iron-chelating deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) is a stabilizer of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and consequently used as a substitute for environmental hypoxia. The improved regenerative potential of DFO-treated MSCs has been attributed to the increased release of angiogenic factors, but whether this effect is also mediated by the secreted sEVs has not yet been investigated. In this study, we treated adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) with a nontoxic dose of DFO to harvest sEVs (DFO-sEVs). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with DFO-sEVs underwent mRNA sequencing and miRNA profiling of sEV cargo (HUVEC-sEVs). The transcriptomes revealed the upregulation of mitochondrial genes linked to oxidative phosphorylation. Functional enrichment analysis on miRNAs of HUVEC-sEVs showed a connection with the signaling pathways of cell proliferation and angiogenesis. In conclusion, mesenchymal cells treated with DFO release sEVs that induce in the recipient endothelial cells molecular pathways and biological processes strongly linked to proliferation and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Zanotti
- Translational Medicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zanolla
- Biomedicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44123 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina Trentini
- Translational Medicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Tiengo
- Translational Medicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Pusceddu
- Translational Medicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Leo
- GVM Care & Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, 48033 Cotignola, Italy
| | - Elena Tremoli
- GVM Care & Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, 48033 Cotignola, Italy
| | - Letizia Ferroni
- GVM Care & Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, 48033 Cotignola, Italy
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Translational Medicine Department, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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13
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Patel JR, Joel MZ, Lee KK, Kambala A, Cornman H, Oladipo O, Taylor M, Deng J, Parthasarathy V, Cravero K, Marani M, Zhao R, Sankararam S, Li R, Pritchard T, Rebecca V, Kwatra MM, Ho WJ, Dong X, Kang S, Kwatra SG. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals dysregulated fibroblast subclusters in prurigo nodularis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.29.526050. [PMID: 36778229 PMCID: PMC9915465 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.29.526050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Prurigo nodularis (PN) is an intensely pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin disease that disproportionately affects black patients. However, the pathogenesis of PN is poorly understood. We performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling, ligand receptor analysis and cell trajectory analysis of 28,695 lesional and non-lesional PN skin cells to uncover disease-identifying cell compositions and genetic characteristics. We uncovered a dysregulated role for fibroblasts (FBs) and myofibroblasts as a key pathogenic element in PN, which were significantly increased in PN lesional skin. We defined seven unique subclusters of FBs in PN skin and observed a shift of PN lesional FBs towards a cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like phenotype, with WNT5A+ CAFs increased in the skin of PN patients and similarly so in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A multicenter PN cohort study subsequently revealed an increased risk of SCC as well as additional CAF-associated malignancies in PN patients, including breast and colorectal cancers. Systemic fibroproliferative diseases were also upregulated in PN patients, including renal sclerosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Ligand receptor analyses demonstrated increased FB1-derived WNT5A and periostin interactions with neuronal receptors MCAM and ITGAV, suggesting a fibroblast-neuronal axis in PN. Type I IFN responses in immune cells and increased angiogenesis/permeability in endothelial cells were also observed. As compared to atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis (PSO) patients, increased mesenchymal dysregulation is unique to PN with an intermediate Th2/Th17 phenotype between atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. These findings identify a pathogenic role for CAFs in PN, including a novel targetable WNT5A+ fibroblast subpopulation and CAF-associated malignancies in PN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay R. Patel
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marina Z. Joel
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin K. Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anusha Kambala
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hannah Cornman
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olusola Oladipo
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - June Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Varsha Parthasarathy
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen Cravero
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Melika Marani
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ryan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sreenidhi Sankararam
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ruixiang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Pritchard
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vito Rebecca
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Madan M. Kwatra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Won Jin Ho
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sewon Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shawn G. Kwatra
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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14
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Zhao XX, Xie WQ, Xiao WF, Li HZ, Naranmandakh S, Bruyere O, Reginster JY, Li YS. Perlecan: Roles in osteoarthritis and potential treating target. Life Sci 2022; 312:121190. [PMID: 36379311 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease, affecting hundreds of millions of people globally, which leads to a high cost of treatment and further medical care and an apparent decrease in patient prognosis. The recent view of OA pathogenesis is that increased vascularity, bone remodeling, and disordered turnover are influenced by multivariate risk factors, such as age, obesity, and overloading. The view also reveals the gap between the development of these processes and early stage risk factors. This review presents the latest research on OA-related signaling pathways and analyzes the potential roles of perlecan, a typical component of the well-known protective structure against osteoarthritic pericellular matrix (PCM). Based on the experimental results observed in end-stage OA models, we summarized and analyzed the role of perlecan in the development of OA. In normal cartilage, it plays a protective role by maintaining the integrin of PCM and sequesters growth factors. Second, perlecan in cartilage is required to not only activate vascular epithelium growth factor receptor (VEGFR) signaling of endothelial cells for vascular invasion and catabolic autophagy, but also for different signaling pathways for the catabolic and anabolic actions of chondrocytes. Finally, perlecan may participate in pain sensitization pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xuan Zhao
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Wen-Qing Xie
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Wen-Feng Xiao
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Heng-Zhen Li
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Shinen Naranmandakh
- School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Sukhbaatar district, 14201 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Olivier Bruyere
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman B23, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Yves Reginster
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman B23, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Yu-Sheng Li
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
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15
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Angulo MB, Bertalovitz A, Argenziano MA, Yang J, Patel A, Zesiewicz T, McDonald TV. Frataxin deficiency alters gene expression in Friedreich ataxia derived IPSC-neurons and cardiomyocytes. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 11:e2093. [PMID: 36369844 PMCID: PMC9834160 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive disease, whereby homozygous inheritance of an expanded GAA trinucleotide repeat expansion in the first intron of the FXN gene leads to transcriptional repression of the encoded protein frataxin. FRDA is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, but the primary cause of death is heart disease which occurs in 60% of the patients. Several functions of frataxin have been proposed, but none of them fully explain why its deficiency causes the FRDA phenotypes nor why the most affected cell types are neurons and cardiomyocytes. METHODS To investigate, we generated iPSC-derived neurons (iNs) and cardiomyocytes (iCMs) from an FRDA patient and upregulated FXN expression via lentivirus without altering genomic GAA repeats at the FXN locus. RESULTS RNA-seq and differential gene expression enrichment analyses demonstrated that frataxin deficiency affected the expression of glycolytic pathway genes in neurons and extracellular matrix pathway genes in cardiomyocytes. Genes in these pathways were differentially expressed when compared to a control and restored to control levels when FRDA cells were supplemented with frataxin. CONCLUSIONS These results offer novel insight into specific roles of frataxin deficiency pathogenesis in neurons and cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana B. Angulo
- Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology & PhysiologyMorsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Alexander Bertalovitz
- Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA,Department of Medicine (Cardiology)Morsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Mariana A. Argenziano
- Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Jiajia Yang
- Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology & PhysiologyMorsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Aarti Patel
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology)Morsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Theresa Zesiewicz
- Department of NeurologyMorsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Thomas V. McDonald
- Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology & PhysiologyMorsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA,Department of Medicine (Cardiology)Morsani College of Medicine, University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
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16
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Liu Z, Sun D, Wang C. Evaluation of cell-cell interaction methods by integrating single-cell RNA sequencing data with spatial information. Genome Biol 2022; 23:218. [PMID: 36253792 PMCID: PMC9575221 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02783-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell-cell interactions are important for information exchange between different cells, which are the fundamental basis of many biological processes. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enable the characterization of cell-cell interactions using computational methods. However, it is hard to evaluate these methods since no ground truth is provided. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) data profiles the relative position of different cells. We propose that the spatial distance suggests the interaction tendency of different cell types, thus could be used for evaluating cell-cell interaction tools. Results We benchmark 16 cell-cell interaction methods by integrating scRNA-seq with ST data. We characterize cell-cell interactions into short-range and long-range interactions using spatial distance distributions between ligands and receptors. Based on this classification, we define the distance enrichment score and apply an evaluation workflow to 16 cell-cell interaction tools using 15 simulated and 5 real scRNA-seq and ST datasets. We also compare the consistency of the results from single tools with the commonly identified interactions. Our results suggest that the interactions predicted by different tools are highly dynamic, and the statistical-based methods show overall better performance than network-based methods and ST-based methods. Conclusions Our study presents a comprehensive evaluation of cell-cell interaction tools for scRNA-seq. CellChat, CellPhoneDB, NicheNet, and ICELLNET show overall better performance than other tools in terms of consistency with spatial tendency and software scalability. We recommend using results from at least two methods to ensure the accuracy of identified interactions. We have packaged the benchmark workflow with detailed documentation at GitHub (https://github.com/wanglabtongji/CCI). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13059-022-02783-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dongqing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chenfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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17
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Rampoldi A, Forghani P, Li D, Hwang H, Armand LC, Fite J, Boland G, Maxwell J, Maher K, Xu C. Space microgravity improves proliferation of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:2272-2285. [PMID: 36084640 PMCID: PMC9561632 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In microgravity, cells undergo profound changes in their properties. However, how human cardiac progenitors respond to space microgravity is unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effect of space microgravity on differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiac progenitors compared with 1G cultures on the International Space Station (ISS). Cryopreserved 3D cardiac progenitors were cultured for 3 weeks on the ISS. Compared with 1G cultures, the microgravity cultures had 3-fold larger sphere sizes, 20-fold higher counts of nuclei, and increased expression of proliferation markers. Highly enriched cardiomyocytes generated in space microgravity showed improved Ca2+ handling and increased expression of contraction-associated genes. Short-term exposure (3 days) of cardiac progenitors to space microgravity upregulated genes involved in cell proliferation, survival, cardiac differentiation, and contraction, consistent with improved microgravity cultures at the late stage. These results indicate that space microgravity increased proliferation of hiPSC-cardiomyocytes, which had appropriate structure and function. Cryopreserved 3D hiPSC-cardiac progenitors differentiated efficiently in space Microgravity cultures had increased sphere sizes and cellular proliferation Beating cardiomyocytes in microgravity cultures had improved Ca2+ handling Microgravity cultures had upregulated genes in cardiac contraction
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rampoldi
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Parvin Forghani
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hyun Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lawrence Christian Armand
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Joshua Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kevin Maher
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chunhui Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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18
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Cao J, Chen A, Tian L, Yan L, Li H, Zhou B. Application of whole exome sequencing in fetal cases with skeletal abnormalities. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09819. [PMID: 35855989 PMCID: PMC9287157 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the role of whole exome sequencing (WES) technology in fetuses with skeletal abnormalities (SKA) for establishing an appropriate clinical diagnosis and treatment path. Methods From April 2019 to August 2020, eight special families were enrolled into the study. Their fetuses showed abnormal SKA by ultrasonic testing during pregnancy, but it is inconsistent with the normal results identified by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) of amniotic fluid or abortion. For further diagnosis, WES was performed to detect the causative genes mutations followed by Sanger sequencing. Results Among of these eight fetuses with SKA, we found more than half of pathogenic mutations were in COL1A1/2 gene, except for a known hotspot mutation in FGFR3 gene (c.1138G>A). Three heterozygous mutations of COL1A1 gene, c.2885G>A p (Gly962Asp), c.994G>A p (Gly332Arg) and c.1002 + 5G>T, were de novo mutations. The c.1002 + 5G>T mutation in COL1A1 was firstly reported. In addition, one fetus carried a novel heterozygous mutation of COL1A1 c.644G>A p (Gly215Asp), which was inherited from the mother. Another novel heterozygous mutation c.2482G>T p (Val828Phe) in the COL1A2 gene was identified in another fetus and was inherited from the father. Among of these COL1A1 mutations, these results might involve in two novel splicing mutations. Conclusion Our study reported several novel heterozygous mutations which expands the COL1A1/2 mutation spectrum for prenatal diagnosis of SKA. Most importantly, WES technology is necessary as a routine step of the SKA diagnosis before or during pregnancy, combining with the detection of chromosome level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cao
- Ningbo Women and Children Healthcare Center, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315-12, China
| | - An'er Chen
- Ningbo Women and Children Healthcare Center, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315-12, China
| | - Liyun Tian
- Ningbo Women and Children Healthcare Center, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315-12, China
| | - Lulu Yan
- Ningbo Women and Children Healthcare Center, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315-12, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Ningbo Women and Children Healthcare Center, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315-12, China
| | - Bihua Zhou
- Ningbo Women and Children Healthcare Center, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315-12, China
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19
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Chakravarti S, Enzo E, de Barros MRM, Maffezzoni MBR, Pellegrini G. Genetic Disorders of the Extracellular Matrix: From Cell and Gene Therapy to Future Applications in Regenerative Medicine. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2022; 23:193-222. [PMID: 35537467 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-083117-021702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Metazoans have evolved to produce various types of extracellular matrix (ECM) that provide structural support, cell adhesion, cell-cell communication, and regulated exposure to external cues. Epithelial cells produce and adhere to a specialized sheet-like ECM, the basement membrane, that is critical for cellular homeostasis and tissue integrity. Mesenchymal cells, such as chondrocytes in cartilaginous tissues and keratocytes in the corneal stroma, produce a pericellular matrix that presents optimal levels of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and nutrients to the cell and regulates mechanosensory signals through specific cytoskeletal and cell surface receptor interactions. Here, we discuss laminins, collagen types IV and VII, and perlecan, which are major components of these two types of ECM. We examine genetic defects in these components that cause basement membrane pathologies such as epidermolysis bullosa, Alport syndrome, rare pericellular matrix-related chondrodysplasias, and corneal keratoconus and discuss recent advances in cell and gene therapies being developed for some of these disorders. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics, Volume 23 is October 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukti Chakravarti
- Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Pathology, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA; ,
| | - Elena Enzo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari," University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; , ,
| | - Maithê Rocha Monteiro de Barros
- Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Pathology, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA; ,
| | | | - Graziella Pellegrini
- Center for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari," University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; , ,
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20
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Li S, Su K, Zhuang Z, Qin Q, Gao L, Deng Y, Liu X, Hou G, Wang L, Hao P, Yang H, Liu S, Zhu H, Ren Y. A simple, rapid, and practical method for single-cell proteomics based on mass-adaptive coating of synthetic peptides. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:581-584. [PMID: 36546118 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; BGI-Wuhan Clinical Laboratories, BGI-Shenzhen, Wuhan 430000, China
| | | | | | - Qing Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230001, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Piliang Hao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | | | - Siqi Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Hongming Zhu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - Yan Ren
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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21
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Jaruga A, Ksiazkiewicz J, Kuzniarz K, Tylzanowski P. Orofacial Cleft and Mandibular Prognathism-Human Genetics and Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020953. [PMID: 35055138 PMCID: PMC8779325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many complex molecular interactions are involved in the process of craniofacial development. Consequently, the network is sensitive to genetic mutations that may result in congenital malformations of varying severity. The most common birth anomalies within the head and neck are orofacial clefts (OFCs) and prognathism. Orofacial clefts are disorders with a range of phenotypes such as the cleft of the lip with or without cleft palate and isolated form of cleft palate with unilateral and bilateral variations. They may occur as an isolated abnormality (nonsyndromic-NSCLP) or coexist with syndromic disorders. Another cause of malformations, prognathism or skeletal class III malocclusion, is characterized by the disproportionate overgrowth of the mandible with or without the hypoplasia of maxilla. Both syndromes may be caused by the presence of environmental factors, but the majority of them are hereditary. Several mutations are linked to those phenotypes. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the genetics of those phenotypes and describe genotype-phenotype correlations. We then present the animal models used to study these defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jaruga
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.); (J.K.)
| | - Jakub Ksiazkiewicz
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.); (J.K.)
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Krystian Kuzniarz
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 11, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Przemko Tylzanowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.); (J.K.)
- Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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22
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) exists as a dynamic network of biophysical and biochemical factors that maintain tissue homeostasis. Given its sensitivity to changes in the intra- and extracellular space, the plasticity of the ECM can be pathological in driving disease through aberrant matrix remodelling. In particular, cancer uses the matrix for its proliferation, angiogenesis, cellular reprogramming and metastatic spread. An emerging field of matrix biology focuses on proteoglycans that regulate autophagy, an intracellular process that plays both critical and contextual roles in cancer. Here, we review the most prominent autophagic modulators from the matrix and the current understanding of the cellular pathways and signalling cascades that mechanistically drive their autophagic function. We then critically assess how their autophagic functions influence tumorigenesis, emphasizing the complexities and stage-dependent nature of this relationship in cancer. We highlight novel emerging data on immunoglobulin-containing and proline-rich receptor-1, heparanase and thrombospondin 1 in autophagy and cancer. Finally, we further discuss the pro- and anti-autophagic modulators originating from the ECM, as well as how these proteoglycans and other matrix constituents specifically influence cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn G. Chen
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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23
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Impact of perlecan, a core component of basement membrane, on regeneration of cartilaginous tissues. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:13-26. [PMID: 34454085 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
As an indispensable component of the extracellular matrix, perlecan (Pln) plays an essential role in cartilaginous tissue function. Although there exist studies suggesting that Pln expressed by cartilaginous tissues is critical for chondrogenesis, few papers have discussed the potential impact Pln may have on cartilage regeneration. In this review, we delineate Pln structure, biomechanical properties, and interactive ligands-which together contribute to the effect Pln has on cartilaginous tissue development. We also review how the signaling pathways of Pln affect cartilage development and scrutinize the potential application of Pln to divisions of cartilage regeneration, spanning vascularization, stem cell differentiation, and biomaterial improvement. The aim of this review is to deepen our understanding of the spatial and temporal interactions that occur between Pln and cartilaginous tissue and ultimately apply Pln in scaffold design to improve cell-based cartilage engineering and regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As a key component of the basement membrane, Pln plays a critical role in tissue development and repair. Recent findings suggest that Pln existing in the pericellular matrix surrounding mature chondrocytes is actively involved in cartilage regeneration and functionality. We propose that Pln is essential to developing an in vitro matrix niche within biological scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering.
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24
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The Regulatory Network of Sturgeon Chondroitin Sulfate on Colorectal Cancer Inhibition by Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179395. [PMID: 34502301 PMCID: PMC8430666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a food-derived bioactive substance with multiple biological functions, which exists in animal cartilage and/or bone. Sturgeon, a type of cartilaginous fish, is rich in CS. Our recent study demonstrated the effect of sturgeon chondroitin sulfate (SCS) on reducing colorectal cancer cell proliferation and tumor formation. However, the molecular mechanisms of its anticancer activity remain unknown. In this study, the cell proliferation assay and flow cytometric analysis were used to examine the cell viability and apoptosis of colon cancer cell HT-29 cells and normal colonic epithelial cell NCM460 cells. Transcriptomic and proteomic studies were used to identify the main targets of SCS. SCS showed little effect on the genes/proteins expression profile of NCM460 cells but more sensitive to HT-29, in which 188 genes and 10 proteins were differentially expressed after SCS treatment. Enrichment analysis of those genes/proteins showed that the majority of them are involved in DNA replication, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were used to determine essential genes/proteins and networks targeted by SCS to exert inhibiting the development of colorectal cancer function. This study provided great insights into developing food-derived novel therapeutics for colorectal cancer treatment.
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25
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Hayes AJ, Melrose J. Neural Tissue Homeostasis and Repair Is Regulated via CS and DS Proteoglycan Motifs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:696640. [PMID: 34409033 PMCID: PMC8365427 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.696640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is the most abundant and widely distributed glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in the human body. As a component of proteoglycans (PGs) it has numerous roles in matrix stabilization and cellular regulation. This chapter highlights the roles of CS and CS-PGs in the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS/PNS). CS has specific cell regulatory roles that control tissue function and homeostasis. The CNS/PNS contains a diverse range of CS-PGs which direct the development of embryonic neural axonal networks, and the responses of neural cell populations in mature tissues to traumatic injury. Following brain trauma and spinal cord injury, a stabilizing CS-PG-rich scar tissue is laid down at the defect site to protect neural tissues, which are amongst the softest tissues of the human body. Unfortunately, the CS concentrated in gliotic scars also inhibits neural outgrowth and functional recovery. CS has well known inhibitory properties over neural behavior, and animal models of CNS/PNS injury have demonstrated that selective degradation of CS using chondroitinase improves neuronal functional recovery. CS-PGs are present diffusely in the CNS but also form denser regions of extracellular matrix termed perineuronal nets which surround neurons. Hyaluronan is immobilized in hyalectan CS-PG aggregates in these perineural structures, which provide neural protection, synapse, and neural plasticity, and have roles in memory and cognitive learning. Despite the generally inhibitory cues delivered by CS-A and CS-C, some CS-PGs containing highly charged CS disaccharides (CS-D, CS-E) or dermatan sulfate (DS) disaccharides that promote neural outgrowth and functional recovery. CS/DS thus has varied cell regulatory properties and structural ECM supportive roles in the CNS/PNS depending on the glycoform present and its location in tissue niches and specific cellular contexts. Studies on the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have provided insightful information on neural interconnectivity and the role of the ECM and its PGs in neural development and in tissue morphogenesis in a whole organism environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Hayes
- Bioimaging Research Hub, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and The Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, St. Leonard’s, NSW, Australia
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26
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Wu WJ, Ma GC, Chang TY, Lee MH, Chen YN, Chen M. Hydrops in first trimester as unreported prenatal finding of dyssegmental dysplasia confirmed by exome sequencing. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2021; 58:318-320. [PMID: 32936525 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W J Wu
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Department of Genomic Science and Technology, Changhua Christian Hospital Healthcare System, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Programs in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - G-C Ma
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Department of Genomic Science and Technology, Changhua Christian Hospital Healthcare System, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - T Y Chang
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Department of Genomic Science and Technology, Changhua Christian Hospital Healthcare System, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - M H Lee
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Department of Genomic Science and Technology, Changhua Christian Hospital Healthcare System, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Y N Chen
- Taiji Fetal Medicine Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Chen
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Department of Genomic Science and Technology, Changhua Christian Hospital Healthcare System, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Dayeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
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27
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Gottwald J, Röcken C. The amyloid proteome: a systematic review and proposal of a protein classification system. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 56:526-542. [PMID: 34311636 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2021.1937926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyloidosis is a disease caused by pathological fibril aggregation and deposition of proteins in different tissues and organs. Thirty-six fibril-forming proteins have been identified. So far, proteomic evaluation of amyloid focused on the detection and characterization of fibril proteins mainly for diagnostic purposes or to find novel fibril-forming proteins. However, amyloid deposits are a complex mixture of constituents that show organ-, tissue-, and amyloid-type specific patterns, that is the amyloid proteome. We carried out a comprehensive literature review on publications investigating amyloid via liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, including but not limited to sample preparation by laser microdissection. Our review confirms the complexity and dynamics of the amyloid proteome, which can be divided into four functional categories: amyloid proteome-category 1 (APC1) includes exclusively fibrillary proteins found in the patient; APC2 includes potential fibril-forming proteins found in other types of amyloid; and APC3 and APC4 summarizes non-fibril proteins-some being amyloid signature proteins. Our categorization may help to systemically explore the nature and role of the amyloid proteome in the manifestation, progression, and clearance of disease. Further exploration of the amyloid proteome may form the basis for the development of novel diagnostic tools, thereby enabling the development of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Gottwald
- Department of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Department of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
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28
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Neill T, Kapoor A, Xie C, Buraschi S, Iozzo RV. A functional outside-in signaling network of proteoglycans and matrix molecules regulating autophagy. Matrix Biol 2021; 100-101:118-149. [PMID: 33838253 PMCID: PMC8355044 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Proteoglycans and selected extracellular matrix constituents are emerging as intrinsic and critical regulators of evolutionarily conversed, intracellular catabolic pathways. Often, these secreted molecules evoke sustained autophagy in a variety of cell types, tissues, and model systems. The unique properties of proteoglycans have ushered in a paradigmatic shift to broaden our understanding of matrix-mediated signaling cascades. The dynamic cellular pathway controlling autophagy is now linked to an equally dynamic and fluid signaling network embedded in a complex meshwork of matrix molecules. A rapidly emerging field of research encompasses multiple matrix-derived candidates, representing a menagerie of soluble matrix constituents including decorin, biglycan, endorepellin, endostatin, collagen VI and plasminogen kringle 5. These matrix constituents are pro-autophagic and simultaneously anti-angiogenic. In contrast, perlecan, laminin α2 chain, and lumican have anti-autophagic functions. Mechanistically, each matrix constituent linked to intracellular catabolic events engages a specific cell surface receptor that often converges on a common core of the autophagic machinery including AMPK, Peg3 and Beclin 1. We consider this matrix-evoked autophagy as non-canonical given that it occurs in an allosteric manner and is independent of nutrient availability or prevailing bioenergetics control. We propose that matrix-regulated autophagy is an important outside-in signaling mechanism for proper tissue homeostasis that could be therapeutically leveraged to combat a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Aastha Kapoor
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher Xie
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Simone Buraschi
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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29
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Abstract
Diabetes is a complex disorder responsible for the mortality and morbidity of millions of individuals worldwide. Although many approaches have been used to understand and treat diabetes, the role of proteoglycans, in particular heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), has only recently received attention. The HSPGs are heterogeneous, highly negatively charged, and are found in all cells primarily attached to the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular matrix (ECM). HSPGs are involved in development, cell migration, signal transduction, hemostasis, inflammation, and antiviral activity, and regulate cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and enzymes. Hyperglycemia, accompanying diabetes, increases reactive oxygen species and upregulates the enzyme heparanase that degrades HSPGs or affects the synthesis of the HSPGs altering their structure. The modified HSPGs in the endothelium and ECM in the blood vessel wall contribute to the nephropathy, cardiovascular disease, and retinopathy seen in diabetes. Besides the blood vessel, other cells and tissues in the heart, kidney, and eye are affected by diabetes. Although not well understood, the adipose tissue, intestine, and brain also reveal HSPG changes associated with diabetes. Further, HSPGs are significantly involved in protecting the β cells of the pancreas from autoimmune destruction and could be a focus of prevention of type I diabetes. In some circumstances, HSPGs may contribute to the pathology of the disease. Understanding the role of HSPGs and how they are modified by diabetes may lead to new treatments as well as preventative measures to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this complex condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M Hiebert
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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30
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Tang H, Zhang Q, Xiang J, Yin L, Wang J, Wang T. Whole Exome Sequencing Aids the Diagnosis of Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia. Front Genet 2021; 12:599863. [PMID: 33777089 PMCID: PMC7987927 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.599863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal dysplasia is a complex group of bone and cartilage disorders with strong clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Several types have prenatal phenotypes, and it is difficult to make a molecular diagnosis rapidly. In this study, the genetic cause of 16 Chinese fetuses with skeletal dysplasia were analyzed, and 12 cases yielded positive results including one deletion in DMD gene detected by SNP-array and 14 variants in other 6 genes detected by whole exome sequencing (WES). In addition, somatic mosaicism was observed. Our study expanded the pathogenic variant spectrum and elucidated the utilization of WES in improving the diagnosis yield of skeletal dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tang
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Xiang
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Linliang Yin
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
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31
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Lin PY, Hung JH, Hsu CK, Chang YT, Sun YT. A Novel Pathogenic HSPG2 Mutation in Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome. Front Neurol 2021; 12:632336. [PMID: 33767660 PMCID: PMC7985266 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.632336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwartz–Jampel syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutation in the heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2) gene. Its cardinal symptoms are skeletal dysplasia and neuromuscular hyperactivity. Herein, we identified a new pathogenic mutation site (NM_005529.6:c.1125C>G; p.Cys375Trp) of HSPG2 leading to Schwartz–Jampel syndrome by whole-exome sequencing. This mutation carried by the asymptomatic parents was previously registered in a single-nucleotide polymorphism database of the National Institutes of Health as a coding sequence variant rs543805444. The pathogenic nature of this missense mutation was demonstrated by in silico pathogenicity assessment, clinical presentations, and cellular function of primary fibroblast derived from patients. Various in silico software applications predicted the mutation to be pathogenic [Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant (SIFT), 0; Polyphen-2, 1; CADD (Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion), 23.7; MutationTaster, 1; DANN (deleterious annotation of genetic variants using neural networks); 0.9]. Needle electromyography revealed extensive complex repetitive discharges and multiple polyphasic motor unit action potentials in axial and limb muscles at rest. Short exercise test for myotonia showed Fournier pattern I. At cellular levels, mutant primary fibroblasts had reduced levels of secreted perlecan and impaired migration ability but normal capability of proliferation. Patients with this mutation showed more neuromuscular instability and relatively mild skeletal abnormality comparing with previously reported cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horung Hung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Genomic Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tsung Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ting Sun
- Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Genomic Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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32
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Castellanos BS, Reyes-Nava NG, Quintana AM. Knockdown of hspg2 is associated with abnormal mandibular joint formation and neural crest cell dysfunction in zebrafish. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2021; 21:7. [PMID: 33678174 PMCID: PMC7938484 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-021-00238-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2) encodes for perlecan, a large proteoglycan that plays an important role in cartilage formation, cell adhesion, and basement membrane stability. Mutations in HSPG2 have been associated with Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome (SJS) and Dyssegmental Dysplasia Silverman-Handmaker Type (DDSH), two disorders characterized by skeletal abnormalities. These data indicate a function for HSPG2 in cartilage development/maintenance. However, the mechanisms in which HSPG2 regulates cartilage development are not completely understood. Here, we explored the relationship between this gene and craniofacial development through morpholino-mediated knockdown of hspg2 using zebrafish. RESULTS Knockdown of hspg2 resulted in abnormal development of the mandibular jaw joint at 5 days post fertilization (DPF). We surmised that defects in mandible development were a consequence of neural crest cell (NCC) dysfunction, as these multipotent progenitors produce the cartilage of the head. Early NCC development was normal in morphant animals as measured by distal-less homeobox 2a (dlx2a) and SRY-box transcription factor 10 (sox10) expression at 1 DPF. However, subsequent analysis at later stages of development (4 DPF) revealed a decrease in the number of Sox10 + and Collagen, type II, alpha 1a (Col2a1a)+ cells within the mandibular jaw joint region of morphants relative to random control injected embryos. Concurrently, morphants showed a decreased expression of nkx3.2, a marker of jaw joint formation, at 4 DPF. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data suggest a complex role for hspg2 in jaw joint formation and late stage NCC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nayeli G. Reyes-Nava
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA
| | - Anita M. Quintana
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA
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Lin T, Li XY, Zou CY, Liu WW, Lin JF, Zhang XX, Zhao SQ, Xie XB, Huang G, Yin JQ, Shen JN. Discontinuous polyostotic fibrous dysplasia with multiple systemic disorders and unique genetic mutations: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:6197-6205. [PMID: 33344623 PMCID: PMC7723713 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i23.6197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (PFD) is an uncommon developmental bone disease in which normal bone and marrow are replaced by pseudotumoral tissue. The etiology of PFD is unclear, but it is generally thought to be caused by sporadic, post-zygotic mutations in the GNAS gene. Herein, we report the case of a young female with bone pain and lesions consistent with PFD, unique physical findings, and gene mutations.
CASE SUMMARY A 27-year-old female presented with unbearable bone pain in her left foot for 4 years. Multiple bone lesions were detected by radiographic examinations, and a diagnosis of PFD was made after a biopsy of her left calcaneus with symptoms including pre-axial polydactyly on her left hand and severe ophthalmological problems such as high myopia, vitreous opacity, and choroidal atrophy. Her serum cortisol level was high, consistent with Cushing syndrome. Due to consanguineous marriage of her grandparents, boosted whole exome screening was performed to identify gene mutations. The results revealed mutations in HSPG2 and RIMS1, which may be contributing factors to her unique findings.
CONCLUSION The unique findings in this patient with PFD may be related to mutations in the HSPG2 and RIMS1 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiao Lin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chang-Ye Zou
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Liu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun-Fan Lin
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Si-Qi Zhao
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xian-Biao Xie
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun-Qiang Yin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing-Nan Shen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
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Lin T, Li XY, Zou CY, Liu WW, Lin JF, Zhang XX, Zhao SQ, Xie XB, Huang G, Yin JQ, Shen JN. Discontinuous polyostotic fibrous dysplasia with multiple systemic disorders and unique genetic mutations: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2020. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i23.6189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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Chen CG, Iozzo RV. Angiostatic cues from the matrix: Endothelial cell autophagy meets hyaluronan biology. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16797-16812. [PMID: 33020183 PMCID: PMC7864073 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.014391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix encompasses a reservoir of bioactive macromolecules that modulates a cornucopia of biological functions. A prominent body of work posits matrix constituents as master regulators of autophagy and angiogenesis and provides molecular insight into how these two processes are coordinated. Here, we review current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying hyaluronan and HAS2 regulation and the role of soluble proteoglycan in affecting autophagy and angiogenesis. Specifically, we assess the role of proteoglycan-evoked autophagy in regulating angiogenesis via the HAS2-hyaluronan axis and ATG9A, a novel HAS2 binding partner. We discuss extracellular hyaluronan biology and the post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications that regulate its main synthesizer, HAS2. We highlight the emerging group of proteoglycans that utilize outside-in signaling to modulate autophagy and angiogenesis in cancer microenvironments and thoroughly review the most up-to-date understanding of endorepellin signaling in vascular endothelia, providing insight into the temporal complexities involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn G Chen
- Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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HSPG2 overexpression independently predicts poor survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:492. [PMID: 32606327 PMCID: PMC7327006 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2694-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2), also known as perlecan, is a large multi-domain extracellular matrix proteoglycan, which contributes to the invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis of solid tumor. However, very little is known about the effect of HSPG2 on acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study aims to investigate the prognostic value of the HSPG2 gene in terms of overall survival and leukemia-free survival in patients with AML. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) from 4 AML patients and 3 healthy controls were processed for RNA-Sequencing (RNA-seq). The mRNA expression level of HSPG2 in BMMCs and CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) obtained from enrolled participants and human leukemic cell lines was detected by RT-qPCR. Then the correlations between the expression of HSPG2 and a variety of important clinical parameters, such as median white blood cell (WBC) count and bone marrow (BM) blasts, were further analyzed. The expression level of HSPG2 was significantly upregulated in AML patients at the time of diagnosis, downregulated after complete remission and then elevated again at relapse. Moreover, HSPG2 expression was associated with median WBC count (P < 0.001), median hemoglobin (P = 0.02), median platelet count (P = 0.001), and BM blasts (P < 0.001) in AML patients. Patients with high HSPG2 expression had both worse overall survival (OS) (P = 0.001) and poorer leukemia-free survival (LFS) (P = 0.047). In the multivariate analysis model, HSPG2 was identified as an independent prognostic biomarker of AML. Taken together, these results indicate that HSPG2 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis in AML patients, and may be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of AML.
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Ma Z, Mao C, Jia Y, Fu Y, Kong W. Extracellular matrix dynamics in vascular remodeling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C481-C499. [PMID: 32579472 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00147.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is the adaptive response to various physiological and pathophysiological alterations that are closely related to aging and vascular diseases. Understanding the mechanistic regulation of vascular remodeling may be favorable for discovering potential therapeutic targets and strategies. The extracellular matrix (ECM), including matrix proteins and their degradative metalloproteases, serves as the main component of the microenvironment and exhibits dynamic changes during vascular remodeling. This process involves mainly the altered composition of matrix proteins, metalloprotease-mediated degradation, posttranslational modification of ECM proteins, and altered topographical features of the ECM. To date, adequate studies have demonstrated that ECM dynamics also play a critical role in vascular remodeling in various diseases. Here, we review these related studies, summarize how ECM dynamics control vascular remodeling, and further indicate potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the ECM for corresponding vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chenfeng Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yiting Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Wilsey R, Hodge S, Kenney K, Wahl J, Jaffery R, Brau A, Qiu Z, Lee M. Two alleles of unc-52 locus disrupting potential cell-binding motif of UNC-52. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2020; 2020. [PMID: 32550495 PMCID: PMC7252330 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wilsey
- One Bear Place 97388, Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, U.S.A
| | - Sabrina Hodge
- One Bear Place 97388, Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, U.S.A
| | - Krysta Kenney
- One Bear Place 97388, Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, U.S.A
| | - Jacob Wahl
- One Bear Place 97388, Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, U.S.A
| | - Roshni Jaffery
- One Bear Place 97388, Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, U.S.A
| | - Avery Brau
- One Bear Place 97388, Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, U.S.A
| | - Zhongqiang Qiu
- One Bear Place 97388, Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, U.S.A
| | - Myeongwoo Lee
- One Bear Place 97388, Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, U.S.A
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Barruet E, Garcia SM, Striedinger K, Wu J, Lee S, Byrnes L, Wong A, Xuefeng S, Tamaki S, Brack AS, Pomerantz JH. Functionally heterogeneous human satellite cells identified by single cell RNA sequencing. eLife 2020; 9:51576. [PMID: 32234209 PMCID: PMC7164960 DOI: 10.7554/elife.51576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although heterogeneity is recognized within the murine satellite cell pool, a comprehensive understanding of distinct subpopulations and their functional relevance in human satellite cells is lacking. We used a combination of single cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry to identify, distinguish, and physically separate novel subpopulations of human PAX7+ satellite cells (Hu-MuSCs) from normal muscles. We found that, although relatively homogeneous compared to activated satellite cells and committed progenitors, the Hu-MuSC pool contains clusters of transcriptionally distinct cells with consistency across human individuals. New surface marker combinations were enriched in transcriptional subclusters, including a subpopulation of Hu-MuSCs marked by CXCR4/CD29/CD56/CAV1 (CAV1+). In vitro, CAV1+ Hu-MuSCs are morphologically distinct, and characterized by resistance to activation compared to CAV1- Hu-MuSCs. In vivo, CAV1+ Hu-MuSCs demonstrated increased engraftment after transplantation. Our findings provide a comprehensive transcriptional view of normal Hu-MuSCs and describe new heterogeneity, enabling separation of functionally distinct human satellite cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Barruet
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Steven M Garcia
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Katharine Striedinger
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jake Wu
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Solomon Lee
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Lauren Byrnes
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Alvin Wong
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Sun Xuefeng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Stanley Tamaki
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Andrew S Brack
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jason H Pomerantz
- Departments of Surgery and Orofacial Sciences, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
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Production of Extracellular Matrix Proteins in the Cytoplasm of E. coli: Making Giants in Tiny Factories. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030688. [PMID: 31973001 PMCID: PMC7037224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is the most widely used protein production host in academia and a major host for industrial protein production. However, recombinant production of eukaryotic proteins in prokaryotes has challenges. One of these is post-translational modifications, including native disulfide bond formation. Proteins containing disulfide bonds have traditionally been made by targeting to the periplasm or by in vitro refolding of proteins made as inclusion bodies. More recently, systems for the production of disulfide-containing proteins in the cytoplasm have been introduced. However, it is unclear if these systems have the capacity for the production of disulfide-rich eukaryotic proteins. To address this question, we tested the capacity of one such system to produce domain constructs, containing up to 44 disulfide bonds, of the mammalian extracellular matrix proteins mucin 2, alpha tectorin, and perlecan. All were successfully produced with purified yields up to 6.5 mg/L. The proteins were further analyzed using a variety of biophysical techniques including circular dichroism spectrometry, thermal stability assay, and mass spectrometry. These analyses indicated that the purified proteins are most likely correctly folded to their native state. This greatly extends the use of E. coli for the production of eukaryotic proteins for structural and functional studies.
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Trout AL, Rutkai I, Biose IJ, Bix GJ. Review of Alterations in Perlecan-Associated Vascular Risk Factors in Dementia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E679. [PMID: 31968632 PMCID: PMC7013765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Perlecan is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan protein in the extracellular matrix that structurally and biochemically supports the cerebrovasculature by dynamically responding to changes in cerebral blood flow. These changes in perlecan expression seem to be contradictory, ranging from neuroprotective and angiogenic to thrombotic and linked to lipid retention. This review investigates perlecan's influence on risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and amyloid that effect Vascular contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID). VCID, a comorbidity with diverse etiology in sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), is thought to be a major factor that drives the overall clinical burden of dementia. Accordingly, changes in perlecan expression and distribution in response to VCID appears to be injury, risk factor, location, sex, age, and perlecan domain dependent. While great effort has been made to understand the role of perlecan in VCID, additional studies are needed to increase our understanding of perlecan's role in health and in cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Trout
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Ibolya Rutkai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (I.R.); (I.J.B.)
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Ifechukwude J. Biose
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (I.R.); (I.J.B.)
| | - Gregory J. Bix
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (I.R.); (I.J.B.)
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
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Rey-Campos M, Moreira R, Romero A, Medina-Gali RM, Novoa B, Gasset M, Figueras A. Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Wound Healing Activity of Mussel Myticin C. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010133. [PMID: 31947557 PMCID: PMC7023338 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myticin C is the most studied antimicrobial peptide in the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Although it is constitutively expressed in mussel hemocytes and displays antibacterial, antiviral, and chemotactic functions, recent work has suggested that this molecule is mainly activated after tissue injury. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to characterize the hemocytes’ transcriptomic response after a myticin C treatment, in order to understand the molecular changes induced by this cytokine-like molecule. The transcriptome analysis revealed the modulation of genes related to cellular movement, such as myosin, transgelin, and calponin-like proteins, in agreement with results of functional assays, where an implication of myticin C in the in vitro activation of hemocytes and migration was evidenced. This was also observed in vivo after a tissue injury, when hemocytes, with high concentrations of myticin C, migrated to the damaged area to heal the wound. All these properties allowed us to think about the biotechnological application of these molecules as wound healers. Human keratinocytes and larvae zebrafish models were used to confirm this hypothesis. Accelerated regeneration after a wound or tail fin amputation was observed after treatment with the myticin C peptide, supporting the chemotactic and healing activity of myticin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magalí Rey-Campos
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC. Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (R.M.); (A.R.); (B.N.)
| | - Rebeca Moreira
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC. Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (R.M.); (A.R.); (B.N.)
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC. Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (R.M.); (A.R.); (B.N.)
| | - Regla M. Medina-Gali
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE) and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche Alicante, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC. Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (R.M.); (A.R.); (B.N.)
| | - María Gasset
- Instituto Química-Física “Rocasolano”, CSIC. Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (A.F.); Tel.: +34-986214462 (A.F.)
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC. Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (M.R.-C.); (R.M.); (A.R.); (B.N.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (A.F.); Tel.: +34-986214462 (A.F.)
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Akbas M, Koyuncu FM, Artunc-Ulkumen B, Taneli F, Ozdemir H. Maternal serum perlecan levels in women with preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy 2020; 39:70-76. [PMID: 31899995 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2019.1711390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Perlecan is an extracellular matrix proteoglycan suggested to maintain endothelial functions. We aimed to measure maternal serum perlecan levels in different preeclampsia phenotypes.Methods: This study included 50 women with preeclampsia and 30 healthy pregnant women.Results: Serum perlecan levels were significantly higher (p = 0.016) in preeclamptic women with severe features(n = 23) than preeclampsia patients(n = 27). There were no statistically significant differences in serum perlecan levels between the early-onset preeclampsia(n = 25), late-onset preeclampsia(n = 25), and healthy pregnancies.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that preeclamptic women with severe features have higher serum perlecan levels than women with preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Akbas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatology Division, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Faik Mumtaz Koyuncu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatology Division, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Burcu Artunc-Ulkumen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatology Division, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Fatma Taneli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Habib Ozdemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
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Identification of Disease Risk DNA Variations is Shaping the Future of Precision Health. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10060450. [PMID: 31200548 PMCID: PMC6627794 DOI: 10.3390/genes10060450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the knowledge generated by decoding the human genome has allowed groundbreaking genetic research to better understand genomic architecture and heritability in healthy and disease states. The vast amount of data generated over time and yet to be generated provides the basis for translational research towards the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies for many conditions. In this special issue, we highlight the discoveries of disease-associated and protective DNA variations in common human diseases and developmental disorders.
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