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Ravichandran S, Gajjar P, Walker ME, Prescott B, Tsao CW, Jha M, Rao P, Miller P, Larson MG, Vasan RS, Shah RV, Xanthakis V, Lewis GD, Nayor M. Life's Essential 8 Cardiovascular Health Score and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Community. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032944. [PMID: 38700001 PMCID: PMC11179926 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relation of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to lifestyle behaviors and factors linked with cardiovascular health remains unclear. We aimed to understand how the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score (and its changes over time) relate to CRF and complementary exercise measures in community-dwelling adults. METHODS AND RESULTS Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants underwent maximum effort cardiopulmonary exercise testing for direct quantification of peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2). A 100-point LE8 score was constructed as the average across 8 factors: diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep, body mass index, lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure. We related total LE8 score, score components, and change in LE8 score over 8 years with peak V̇O2 (log-transformed) and complementary CRF measures. In age- and sex-adjusted linear models (N=1838, age 54±9 years, 54% women, LE8 score 76±12), a higher LE8 score was associated favorably with peak V̇O2, ventilatory efficiency, resting heart rate, and blood pressure response to exercise (all P<0.0001). A clinically meaningful 5-point higher LE8 score was associated with a 6.0% greater peak V̇O2 (≈1.4 mL/kg per minute at sample mean). All LE8 components were significantly associated with peak V̇O2 in models adjusted for age and sex, but blood lipids, diet, and sleep health were no longer statistically significant after adjustment for all LE8 components. Over an ≈8-year interval, a 5-unit increase in LE8 score was associated with a 3.7% higher peak V̇O2 (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Higher LE8 score and improvement in LE8 over time was associated with greater CRF, highlighting the importance of the LE8 factors in maintaining CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priya Gajjar
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineMAUSA
| | - Maura E. Walker
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA
- Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Brenton Prescott
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA
| | - Connie W. Tsao
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Mawra Jha
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Prashant Rao
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Patricia Miller
- Department of BiostatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Martin G. Larson
- Department of BiostatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
- Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMAUSA
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMAUSA
- University of Texas School of Public HealthSan AntonioTXUSA
- Departments of Medicine and Population Health SciencesUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Ravi V. Shah
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Research Center, Cardiology DivisionVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Vanessa Xanthakis
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA
- Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMAUSA
| | - Gregory D. Lewis
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Critical Care Unit, Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Matthew Nayor
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineMAUSA
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA
- Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMAUSA
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Tirabassi JN, Wang J, Zhenqi Zhou R, Hu Y. Human mobility data demonstrates increase in park visitation since start of COVID-19 pandemic in Buffalo, New York. Prev Med Rep 2024; 39:102650. [PMID: 38380386 PMCID: PMC10876662 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of urban parks to provide safe places to visit and recreate. Recent research has suggested that park visitation over this time may not have occurred equitably, which may exacerbate existing health disparities. However, usual methods of estimating park visitation are labor intensive, requiring better solutions.. The objective of this study was to assess how park visitation changed in Buffalo, New York after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic utilizing human mobility data. Methods Monthly mobile phone location data from January 2018 through October of 2021 from residents of Buffalo were analyzed to estimate total park visits for each census tract. A generalized linear mixed effect model was utilized to examine if selected factors affected park visitation. Factors examined included demographic, health, park, and crime data at the census tract level. Results Across 587,487 park visits that were captured in the 79 census tracts, park visitation increased by 25% since March 2020. In our regression model, having cancer and currently smoking had negative effects on park visitation. The start of the COVID-19 pandemic positively affected park visitation. Season (of the year), was the other statistically significant variable that affected park visitation. Conclusions Anonymous mobile phone data demonstrated that park visitation has increased by 25% since the beginning of the pandemic when we looked at census tract level data. While some data limitations must be addressed, mobile phone data is a novel method that can be used to understand behavioral and public health trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill N. Tirabassi
- Department of Family Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo NY, USA
| | - Ryan Zhenqi Zhou
- Department of Geography, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Yingjie Hu
- Department of Geography, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Jeżewska-Zychowicz M. Lifestyle Variation among the Elderly: Do Nutritional Knowledge and Diet Quality Differ When the Other Lifestyle Components Are Similar? Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2057. [PMID: 37895438 PMCID: PMC10608023 DOI: 10.3390/life13102057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Older people's health is strongly determined by their lifestyle, and its deterioration is a cause for concern and calls for effective efforts to slow down the process. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between diet quality and other non-food lifestyle elements. The data were collected in 2017 through a cross-sectional survey among 271 Polish elder citizens. A K-means cluster analysis was applied to separate homogeneous groups by lifestyle components (without diet) and a logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships between identified clusters and sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional knowledge and diet quality. Three homogenous clusters were identified, i.e., individuals with moderate physical activity and recommended sleep duration (pro-healthy), with low physical activity (low PA), and with short sleep (short sleep). Gender, age, education, place of residence, BMI, and health-promoting diet index (pHDI) did not differentiate adherence to clusters. The probability of being in the pro-healthy cluster increased with nutritional knowledge and declaring the same or better health status compared to peers, while it decreased when above-average financial status was reported. The obtained results importantly extend the previous findings by showing that the individual elements of lifestyle should be also perceived in the context of others. Further research focused on lifestyle as a whole might considerably support the implementation of multifaceted lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Jeżewska-Zychowicz
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Hung YC, Lee PF, Lin CF, Su YJ, Hsieh JW, Lin YJ, Ho CC, Chen YT. Associations between Smoking Status and Health-Related Physical Fitness and Balance Ability among Older Males in Taiwan. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1350. [PMID: 37512161 PMCID: PMC10386566 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59071350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to examine the relationships between smoking status and health-related physical fitness and balance ability in older males residing in Taiwan. This investigation adopted a cross-sectional design, utilizing data from 7688 older males who took part in the 2014-2015 wave of the National Physical Fitness Survey of Taiwan. Various data sources, including a standardized structured questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, health-related physical fitness assessments, and balance ability tests, were analyzed. The participants were divided into three categories based on their smoking habits: never smokers, former smokers, and current smokers. Multiple regression analyses were performed to evaluate the linear association between cigarette smoking status and health-related physical fitness and balance ability performance. Health-related physical fitness and balance performance were significantly greater (p < 0.05) in the never smoker group than in the current smoker group. Current smoking status was significantly negatively (p < 0.05) associated with cardiopulmonary function, muscular endurance, flexibility, and balance performance. A history of smoking (former smoker) was significantly negatively (p < 0.05) associated with the 2-min step test, 30-s arm curl and chair stand, as well as the 8-foot up-and-go test; however, the association was not significant for the back scratch, chair sit-and-reach, and one-leg stance with eyes open performance. These results suggest that current cigarette smoking is detrimental to health-related physical fitness and balance performance in older males. Quitting smoking may reverse the effects of smoking on overall body flexibility and static balance performance in Taiwanese older adults, thereby reducing the risk of falls and incapacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chuan Hung
- Department of Sport Management, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung City 404, Taiwan
- Sports Administration, Ministry of Education, Taipei City 104, Taiwan
| | - Po-Fu Lee
- Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Ilan University, Yilan County 260, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fang Lin
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Jhu Su
- Department of Gerontology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Jenn-Woei Hsieh
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Office of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Lin
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu City 30015, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health and Information Technology, College of Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Sports Medicine Center, Fu Jen Catholic Hospital, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Tsung Chen
- Department of Health and Leisure Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu City 30015, Taiwan
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Jeoung B, Kim J. A Cross-Sectional Study of Physical Fitness and Risk of Hypertension in Korean Adults Aged 20-59. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2057. [PMID: 37510498 PMCID: PMC10379851 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervention for hypertension in young age groups is very important. Adults in their 30s and 40s in Korea are the main producers of economic activity. Stress in work life, frequent drinking and smoking, an unhealthy diet, and a lack of physical activity are the biggest factors that increase the risk of high blood pressure. This study analyzed obesity-related body composition, physical fitness, and risk according to age and sex by analyzing population-based hypertension and physical fitness trends in individuals aged 20-59 years in 360,321 Korean adults via National Physical Award Project (NFAP) data points collected from 2012 to 2019. The functional fitness test battery for adults was composed of seven components: (a) aerobic endurance (2-min step), (b) upper body muscle strength (hand grip strength), (c) lower body muscle endurance (sit-ups), (d) flexibility (sit and reach), (e) cardiopulmonary endurance (progressive aerobic capacity endurance run), (f) body compositions (body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]), and (g) blood pressure. For all items, there was a significant difference in blood pressure according to people's physical fitness levels. Specifically, for obesity-related BMI and WC, the higher the obesity, the higher the blood pressure (post hoc, obesity > overweight > normal > underweight). It was also confirmed that the lower the grade, that is, the weaker the grip, the higher the blood pressure (post hoc, 4 > 3 > 2 > 1). Subsequently, in identifying the risk factors for high blood pressure, the physical fitness level (Model 1) and obesity-related indicator (Model 2) differed by 1.024 and 1.335 times, respectively. Finally, it was confirmed that the risk of high blood pressure in the age and gender model (Model 3) increased by 1.388 times. In addition to the recommendation for changes in blood pressure, significant differences in blood pressure according to physical fitness and significant effects on blood pressure risk in terms of age, obesity-related body composition, and physical fitness were confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogja Jeoung
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoun Kim
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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Murmu J, Agrawal R, Manna S, Pattnaik S, Ghosal S, Sinha A, Acharya AS, Kanungo S, Pati S. Social determinants of tobacco use among tribal communities in India: Evidence from the first wave of Longitudinal Ageing Study in India. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282487. [PMID: 36862703 PMCID: PMC9980830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on tobacco use among indigenous communities is scarce with available literature based either on a specific region or a particular tribe. Considering the large tribal population in India, it is pertinent to generate evidence on tobacco use among this community. Using nationally representative data, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of tobacco use and assess its determinants and regional variations among older tribal adults in India. METHODS We analysed data from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), wave-1 conducted in 2017-18. A sample of 11,365 tribal individuals aged ≥ 45 years was included in this study. Descriptive statistics was used to assess the prevalence of smokeless tobacco (SLT), smoking, and any form of tobacco use. Separate multivariable regression models were executed to assess the association of various socio-demographic variables with different forms of tobacco use, reported as adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval. RESULTS The overall prevalence of tobacco use was around 46%, with 19% of smokers and nearly 32% smokeless tobacco (SLT) users. Participants from the lowest MPCE quintile group had a significantly higher risk of consuming (SLT) [AOR: 1.41 (95% CI: 1.04-1.92)]. Alcohol was found to be associated with both smoking [AOR: 2.09 (95% CI: 1.69-2.58)] and (SLT) [AOR: 3.05 (95% CI: 2.54-3.66)]. Relatively higher odds of consuming (SLT) were associated with the eastern region [AOR: 6.21 (95% CI: 3.91-9.88)]. CONCLUSION This study highlights the high burden of tobacco use and its social determinants among the tribal population in India, which can help tailor anti-tobacco messages for this vulnerable population to make tobacco control programs more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jogesh Murmu
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ritik Agrawal
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sayantani Manna
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sweta Pattnaik
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Abhinav Sinha
- Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn), ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Srikanta Kanungo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- * E-mail: (SP); (SK)
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- * E-mail: (SP); (SK)
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Denche-Zamorano Á, Mendoza-Muñoz DM, Pereira-Payo D, Ruiz MJ, Contreras-Barraza N, Iturra-González JA, Urbano-Mairena J, Cornejo-Orellana C, Mendoza-Muñoz M. Does Physical Activity Reduce the Risk of Perceived Negative Health in the Smoking Population? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14366. [PMID: 36361246 PMCID: PMC9658532 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is associated with poor health status. Increased prevalence of multiple diseases has been found in populations of smokers and ex-smokers. Physical activity (PA) could reduce the negative effects of smoking. AIMS To analyze the relationships between smoking and self-perceived health and between PA level and self-perceived health, according to the relationship with smoking in the Spanish population. To calculate the risks of perceiving negative health in relation to smoking, according to the PA level of the population. HYPOTHESIS A higher level of PA reduces the risk of perceiving negative health in the Spanish smoking population. DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY Cross-sectional study with data from 17,708 participants, 15-69 years old, interviewed in the Spanish National Health Survey 2017. Intergroup differences were studied. Odds ratios (OR) and relative risks (RR) and their confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for negative self-perceived health. A Spearman's rho correlation study was performed between the variables of interest. RESULTS Dependency relationships were found between self-perceived health and PA levels, in both genders and in different relationships with smoking (x2 < 0.001). Inactivity was related to higher prevalences of negative health perception (p < 0.05) in all groups analyzed. Inactive smokers (OR: 6.02. 95% CI: 3.99-9.07. RR: 5.24. 95% CI: 3.56-7.73) presented increased risks of negative health perception compared to people with low/medium PA levels, similarly found in other relationships with tobacco. CONCLUSIONS Increasing the PA level of the smoking population could reduce the negative effects on their perceived health. Medium and high PA levels reduce the risk of negative health perception in the Spanish population, both in smokers, ex-smokers, and non-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - David Manuel Mendoza-Muñoz
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Damián Pereira-Payo
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Manuel J. Ruiz
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Department of Psychology and Anthropology, Education and Psychology Faculty, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - José A. Iturra-González
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170022, Chile
| | - Javier Urbano-Mairena
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | | | - María Mendoza-Muñoz
- Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
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Jeon HG, Jung K, Kang B, Kim D, Lim YM, Kim KJ, Kim CO, Lee HJ, Kim K, Kim YM. The Effect of Resist and Assist Torque of Hip Joint Motor-based Gait Assistance Robot on Gait Function in the Elderly. THE ASIAN JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2022.24.4.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of assist and resistance torque on the spatiotemporal gait characteristics, and the symmetry and asymmetry of gait using a Gait Enhancing and Motivating System (GEMS) in the elderly.METHODS A cross-sectional and repeated measure design was used. A total of 18 participants (9 males, 9 females; age: 63.5 ± 5.02 years; mass: 64.26 ± 6.87 kg; height: 164.06 ± 7.15 cm) were recruited from a local community, and spatiotemporal gait data were collected with OptoGait system and GEMS. Spatiotemporal gait variables and differences between the dominant and non-dominant legs of these variables were assessed (step length, step time, stance phase, swing phase, single support, load response, pre swing phase, stride time, stride length, double support, cadence, and gait speed). The effects of three modes including normal, assist, and resist modes using GEMS were investigated twice for each participant on a 9-meter walkway. A one-way repeated measure analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni post-hoc tests was conducted.RESULTS The assist mode increased step time, swing phase, stride time and reduced stance phase, pre-swing phase, double support, cadence, and gait speed as compared to normal mode. The resist mode increased stance phase, load response, pre-swing phase, double support, cadence, and reduced step time, swing phase, and stride time. In dominant leg, assist mode showed increased step time and reduced pre-swing phase than normal mode, and greater step time than resist mode (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, there was no effect of external torque on symmetry and asymmetry between both legs (<i>p</i> > 0.05).CONCLUSIONS The resistance and assist torque of GEMS alter spatiotemporal characteristics during the stance and swing phase of gait in the elderly. However, the resistance torque and assist torque of GEMS did not increase or decrease the gait asymmetry between the dominant and non-dominant legs.
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Ho CC, Lee PF, Xu S, Hung CT, Su YJ, Lin CF, Wu MC, Chen YT. Associations between cigarette smoking status and health-related physical fitness performance in male Taiwanese adults. Front Public Health 2022; 10:880572. [PMID: 36062134 PMCID: PMC9433563 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.880572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The highest proportion of smoking behavior occurs in male adults in Taiwan. However, to our knowledge, no study has investigated the relationship between smoking behavior and health-related physical fitness according to education level, health status, betel nut-chewing status and obesity in male adults aged 18 years or older in Taiwan. Aims This study aimed to determine the associations between cigarette smoking and health-related physical fitness performance in male Taiwanese adults. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 27,908 male adults (aged 23-64 years) who participated in Taiwan's National Physical Fitness Survey 2014-2015. Data from a standardized structured questionnaire, anthropometric variables, and health-related physical fitness measurements were analyzed. Individuals were categorized as never smoking cigarettes, former smoker, and current smoker. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between cigarette smoking and health-related physical fitness performance. Results Never smoking group exhibited a lower (p < 0.05) proportion of abdominal obesity, higher (p < 0.05) proportion of perceived good health status, and greater (p < 0.05) performance in 1-min sit-up and sit-and-reach tests when compared with current smoking and former smoking group. Former smoking group had the highest (p < 0.05) performance in 3-min step test among all groups. Current smoker was significantly negatively (p < 0.05) associated with 3-min step, 1-min sit-up and sit-and-reach tests. Notably, former smoker was significantly positively (p < 0.05) associated with 3-min step and 1-min sit-up tests, but still negatively (p < 0.05) associated with sit-and-reach performance. Conclusion Current smoker was associated with an increased the risk of abdominal obesity, reduced the perceived health status and health-related physical fitness performance. Quitting smoking had beneficial effect on the perceived good health status, cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness in male Taiwanese adults, but not on flexibility performance. Further research on the ameliorate mechanism underlying this phenomenon is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan,Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, College of Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan,Sports Medicine Center, Fu Jen Catholic Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Fu Lee
- Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Ilan University, Yilan County, Taiwan
| | - Shu Xu
- Department of Gerontology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chang-Tsen Hung
- Department of Health and Leisure Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Jhu Su
- Department of Gerontology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chi-Fang Lin
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chen Wu
- Office of Physical Education, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Tsung Chen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Yun-Tsung Chen
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Ahmed N, Arshad S, Basheer SN, Karobari MI, Marya A, Marya CM, Taneja P, Messina P, Yean CY, Scardina GA. Smoking a Dangerous Addiction: A Systematic Review on an Underrated Risk Factor for Oral Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111003. [PMID: 34769523 PMCID: PMC8582668 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite growing knowledge of the adverse effects of cigarette smoking on general health, smoking is one of the most widely prevalent addictions around the world. Globally, about 1.1 billion smokers and over 8 million people die each year because of cigarette smoking. Smoking acts as a source for a variety of oral and systemic diseases. Various periodontal issues such as increased pocket depth, loss of alveolar bone, tooth mobility, oral lesions, ulcerations, halitosis, and stained teeth are more common among smokers. This systematic review was conducted according to the guidelines from PRISMA, and research articles were retrieved from the Web database sources on 31 May 2021. The quality of research articles was ensured by the type of evidence from combined schema incorporating as schema-13 evidence type description, Cochrane health promotion and public health field (CHPPHF), and the health gains notation framework-14 screening question for quality assessment of qualitative and quantitative studies. Smokers have been found to have bleeding on probing, periodontal pockets, and clinical attachment loss compared to nonsmokers. Oral and respiratory cancers are among the most lethal known diseases caused by cigarette smoking and other commonly occurring sequelae such as stained teeth, periodontal diseases, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia;
| | - Sohaib Arshad
- Periodontics Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia;
| | - Syed Nahid Basheer
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
- Conservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences University, Chennai 600077, India
- Correspondence: (M.I.K.); (C.Y.Y.); (G.A.S.)
| | - Anand Marya
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh 12211, Cambodia;
- Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Charu Mohan Marya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad 121002, India; (C.M.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Pratibha Taneja
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and Research, Faridabad 121002, India; (C.M.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Pietro Messina
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Disciplines, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Chan Yean Yean
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (M.I.K.); (C.Y.Y.); (G.A.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Alessandro Scardina
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Disciplines, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.I.K.); (C.Y.Y.); (G.A.S.)
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